Balaeniceps rex (Gould, 1850)

Kitoglav , kapena mfumu heron (lat. Balaeniceps rex) - mbalame yochokera ku dongosolo la Ciconiiformes, woyimira yekha wa banja la ma cetaceans (Balaenicipitidae) Mbalame yayikulu kwambiri, kutalika kwake imakhala 1.2 m, mapiko a 2.3p, ndi kulemera kwa makilogalamu 4-7. Amakhala m'malo otentha ku East Africa, momwe nsomba zokhala ndi mphete zimapezeka ma protopter - chakudya chake chachikulu. Nyalugwe, yomwe imafanana ndi nsapato yamatabwa, imapangitsa kuti chinsomba chikhale ngati waluso waluso la usodzi.

Mosiyana ndi mbalame zina zambiri, maso a chinsomba ali kutsogolo kwa chigaza, osati mbali zonse ziwiri, zomwe zimathandiza kuti lizitha kuona. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mulomo, mbalameyi imayiyika pachifuwa ndikupumira.

Moyo

Kwawo kwa mbalameyi ndi malo achinyezi a Africa omwe amakhala kumwera kwa Sahara. Mitundu yoswana ya chinsomba ndi yayikulu kwambiri, koma anthu payokha ndi ochepa kwambiri ndipo amwazikana. Waukulu kwambiri mwa iwo amakhala ku South Sudan. Kitoglav imatha kuzolowera moyo m'madambo, chifukwa thunzi lake lalitali lokhala ndi zala zambiri limalola kuti liziyenda mosavuta m'dothi lamatope. Mwana wa mphaka amatha kukhala osasunthika m'madzi osaya kwa nthawi yayitali. Mbalameyi imakonda kugwira ntchito kwambiri mbandakucha, koma nthawi zambiri imasaka masana. Mapiko ake ali ndi 2 m, motero mbalame yomwe ikuuluka imachita chidwi.

Chakudya

Kitoglav amadya masana. Amasanthula mosamalitsa zilumba zoyandama zamadzi am'madzi. Nthawi zambiri, mbawala imadyera nsomba, makamaka ma protopter, tilapia, ndi catfish, imagwiranso achule, njoka, ngakhale ngakhale akambuku. Ndikusodza, mbalameyi imapilira. Popanda kusuntha, mutu wake utatsikira m'madzi, akudikirira moleza mtima kuti nsomba ithe.

Nthawi zina mutu wa chinsomba umayenda pang'onopang'ono komanso mosamala m'mabedi mpaka mabowo atawonekera. Kenako nthawi yomweyo amatambasula mapiko ake ndi kuthamangira kutsogolo, kuyesera kugwira wolimbayo ndi mulomo wake waukulu wokhala ndi mbewa yakuthwa kumapeto. Akasaka bwino, mbalame imalekanitsa nyama ndi mbewuzo, kenako ndikameza gawo lake. Nthawi zambiri, asanadye nsomba, mutu wa chinsomba umakhala m'mutu.

Ndi mlomo wake, chinamgumi chimatulutsa nsomba ndi achule pamodzi ndi madzi ndi gawo lapansi (munthawiyi imafanana ndi mafinya).

Kuswana

Kutalika kwa chinsomba kumadalira dera lomwe akukhalamo. Mwachitsanzo, ku Sudan, zimayamba ndikutha nyengo yamvula. Zochepa sizodziwika za kubadwa kwa mbalameyi mwachilengedwe. Pakumangidwa, miyambo yokhala ndi chinsomba yopangira chinsomba imakhala ndi mutu komanso kukulitsa khosi, ndikudina mulomo ndi kupanga mawu osamva.

Chisa cha mbalameyi ndi nsanja yayikulu, m'munsi mwake mumafika mainchesi 2,5. Zomwe zimapezeka pachisa ndi zomwe zimayambira pa gumbwa ndi bango. Choko cha chisa chokhala ndi udzu wouma. Pakupita masiku asanu, wamkazi amayikira mazira 1-3, omwe amawotha nthawi zambiri usiku. Nthochi zimaswa pakatha masiku 30. Masana, makolo amagawana nkhawa zawo pakulera ndi kukwaniritsa zosowa zawo.

Poyamba, anapiyewo amaphimbidwa ndi zofewa za imvi. Milomo yawo ndiying'ono, koma ali ndi nsonga yakuthwa, yolukidwa. Mwa anapiye onse oswedwa, monga lamulo, m'modzi yekhayo amene atsala. Makolo amadyetsa iye ndi chakudya chodyetsa pang'ono. Pakatha mwezi, chinsomba chimayamba kumeza chakudya chokulirapo. Amakhala mu chisa miyezi iwiri, ndipo ngakhale mwana wankhuku yemwe amakhala wamkulu nthawi zambiri amabwerera "kunyumba". Pazaka 4 zokha zokha pomwe amayamba kudziimira payekha.

Zochepa sizodziwika za kubadwa kwa mbalameyi mwachilengedwe.

Chisa cha chinsomba ndi chachikulu ndipo chimayimira nsanja yayikulu yosanjikiza ndi mabango, koma chobisika nthawi zonse m'malo obisika

Kitoglav amatha kukhala wosasunthika kwa nthawi yayitali

Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi kufotokozera

Kitoglava anali wodziwika pakati pa Aigupto akale ndi Aluya, koma sanatchulidwe mpaka m'zaka za m'ma 1800, pomwe zitsanzo zamoyo zinabweretsedwa ku Europe. A John Gould adafotokoza zamtunduwu mu 1850, amadzitcha Balaeniceps rex. Dzinali limachokera ku mawu achi Latin akuti balaena "whale" ndi caput "mutu", omwe amafupikitsidwa - amapezeka m'mawu ovuta. Aarabu amatcha mbalameyi abu marcub, zomwe zikutanthauza "nsapato."

Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake

Chithunzi: Mbawala ya Mbalame

Shoebills ndi yekhayo membala wa mtundu wa Balaeniceps komanso yekhayo wamoyo pabanja la Balaenicipitidae. Izi ndi mbalame zazitali, zowoneka bwino zochititsa mantha zotalika 110 mpaka 140 cm, ndipo zonena zina zimafikira masentimita 152. Kutalika kuchokera kumchira mpaka mulomo kumatha kuyambira 100 mpaka 1401 cm, mapiko ndi kuyambira pa mawere mpaka 230 mpaka 260. Amuna ali ndi milomo yayitali . Kulemera akuti akuti amasiyana ndi 4 mpaka 7 kg. Wamphongo azikhala wolemera pafupifupi 5.6 kg kapena kupitirira, ndipo mkazi wamba amakhala 4.9 kg.

Ziwonetserozo ndi imvi zokhala ndi imvi zakuda. Mitundu yoyambira imakhala ndi malangizo akuda, ndipo mitundu yachiwiriyo imakhala yolimba. Thupi lotsika limakhala ndi mthunzi wopepuka wa imvi. Kumbuyo kwa mutu kuli mtolo wocheperako wa nthenga womwe umatha kudzutsa muzinthu. Mwana wankhuku wamtchire yemwe amangoti waswa kumene ndi wokutidwa ndi siliva-imvi, ndipo ali ndi mthunzi wakuda kwambiri kuposa imvi.

Chochititsa chidwi: Malinga ndi akatswiri a zamankhwala, mbalameyi ndi amodzi mwa mbalame zisanu zokongola kwambiri ku Africa. Palinso zithunzi za ku Egypt zokhala ndi phazi la whale.

Mlomo wa convex ndiye chinthu chodziwika kwambiri cha mbalameyo ndipo imafanana ndi boti lamatabwa, lokhala ngati udzu wokhala ndi zilembo zosakhazikika. Uku ndikumanga kwakukulu komaliza ndi mbeza yoluka. Mandibles (mandibles) ali ndi m'mbali lakuthwa komwe kamathandiza kugwira ndikudya nyama. Khosi limakhala laling'ono komanso laling'ono kuposa mbalame zina zazitali zam'miyendo, zokhala ngati akolona ndi heron. Maso ake ndi akulu komanso achikasoaso oyera. Miyendo ndi yayitali komanso yamtambo. Zala zazitali ndizotalikirapo komanso zopatukana popanda mawonekedwe pakati pawo.

Maonekedwe a chinsomba

Mbalame yotchedwa whalebird ndi mbalame yayikulu yomwe thupi lake ndi lalitali mamita 1-1.2, kulemera kwa thupi ndi kilogalamu 7-15, mapiko ake ndi mita 2-3. Kusiyana kwakukulu kuchokera ku banja la Ciconiiformes ndikupezeka kwa mutu wolemera komanso mulomo wawukulu wokhala ndi mbedza. Nthawi zina mutu umakhala wotalikirapo kuposa thupi la mbalameyo, yomwe imadabwitsanso kwambiri ndipo ilibe chidwi pakati pa mbalame zomwe zikukhala lero. Ngakhale kuti ndi zazikulupo, khwangwala amakhala ndi khosi komanso miyendo yochepa thupi, ndipo mchirawo ndi waufupi, wofanana ndi bakha. Mtunduwu ndi wosasanthulika ndipo ulibe kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi. Maso ali patsogolo pa mutu, omwe amakupatsani mwayi kuwona zinthu.

Kodi mutu wa whale umakhala kuti?

Chithunzi: Kitoglav ku Zambia

Mitunduyi imafalikira ku Africa ndipo imakhala kum'mawa pakati pakati.

Magulu akuluakulu a mbalame ndi:

• kum'mwera kwa Sudan (makamaka ku White Nile),
• m'malo otentha kumpoto kwa Uganda,
• kumadzulo kwa Tanzania,
• m'malo akum'mawa kwa Congo,
• kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Zambia mu dambo la Bangweulu,
• Kuchulukana kumapezeka kum'mawa kwa Zaire ndi Rwanda.

Mtunduwu umachulukana kwambiri kum'mwera kwa West Nile komanso madera ozungulira kum'mwera kwa Sudan. Milandu yakutali yanyumba zokhala ndi chinsomba yadziwika ku Kenya, kumpoto kwa Cameroon, kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Ethiopia ndi Malawi. Anthu osoweka adawonedwa kumapeto kwa Okavango, Botswana ndi kumapiri kwa Mtsinje wa Congo. Shoebill ndi mbalame yosasunthika yosayenda pang'ono nyengo chifukwa chakusintha kwa malo okhala, kupezeka kwa chakudya ndi nkhawa za anthu.

Kitoglavs amasankhidwa ndi madambo amadzi abwino komanso madambo akuluakulu, owuma. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'malo osefukira madzi okhala mkati mwa pepala la tsinde ndi bango. Chule cha chinsomba chikakhala m'dera lokhala ndi madzi akuya, chimafunika kukhala ndi masamba ambiri oyandama. Amakondanso matupi amadzi okhala ndi madzi opanda mpweya wabwino. Izi zimapangitsa nsomba zomwe zimakhala pamenepo kuti zizingoyenda pansi pafupipafupi, ndikuwonjezera mwayi woti agwidwe.

Tsopano mukudziwa komwe mbalamezo zimakhala. Tiwone zomwe amadya.

Kodi chinsomba chimadya chiyani?

Chithunzi: Kitoglav kapena Royal Heron

Kitoglava amatha nthawi yawo yambiri akusaka chakudya m'madzi. Kuchuluka kwa zakudya zawo zokometsa kumakhala ndi ma detibrates onyowa.

Amaganiza kuti mitundu yomwe amakonda yamigodi ndi monga:

• marble protopter (P. aethiopicus),
• Senegalese polyoper (P. senegalus),
• mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tilapia,
• nsomba zamtchire (Silurus).

Zakudya zina zomwe zimadyedwa ndi mtunduwu ndi monga:

Popeza mlomo wawukuluwo ndi m'mbali lakuthwa, komanso utali wonse, chinsomba chimatha kugwira nyama zazikulu kuposa mbalame zina zazombe. Nsomba zomwe zimadyedwa ndi mtunduwu nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi kutalika kwa 15 mpaka 50cm ndipo zimalemera pafupifupi 500. Njoka zomwe zimasakidwa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazitali masentimita 50 mpaka 60. M'masamba a Bangweulu, chakudya chachikulu chomwe makolo amapereka kwa anapiye ndi African Clari nsomba zamphaka ndi njoka zamadzi.

Njira yayikulu yomwe amagwiritsa ntchito amagwiritsa ntchito "kuyimirira ndikudikirira" komanso "kuyendayenda pang'onopang'ono." Nyama ikapezeka, mutu ndi khosi la mbalameyo imamira m'madzi, ndikupangitsa kuti mbalameyo iziyenda bwino ndikugwa. Pambuyo pake, nangumiyo amayenera kubwezeretsanso ndikuyambiranso pamalo oimapo.

Pamodzi ndi nyama, michere yambiri imagwera pamulomo. Kuti athane ndi msipu wobiriwira, mitu yofiirira imapukusa mitu yawo mbali ndi mbali, akugwirira nyama yawo. Asanameze, nyama nthawi zambiri imadulidwa. Komanso, mulomo wawukulu umakonda kupukuta dothi pansi pa dziwe kuti lichotse nsomba zobisika m'maenje.

Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo

Chithunzi: Heron

Kitoglava sichimachitika m'magulu pakudya. Pokhapokha kuchepa kwa chakudya kumamveka kwambiri, mbalamezi zimadyerana. Nthawi zambiri, wamwamuna ndi wamkazi wa banja lobereketsa amapeza chakudya mbali zotsutsana za gawo lawo. Mbalame sizimasuntha malinga ngati pali nyengo zabwino zakudyetsa. Komabe, m'malo ena a magulu awo, amapanga nyengo pakati pa malo okhala ndi malo okhala.

Zochititsa chidwi: Kitoglavy saopa anthu. Ofufuza omwe adaphunzira mbalamezi adatha kubwera pafupi ndi mamita awiri pachisa chawo. Mbalame sizidaopseze anthu, koma zidawayang'ana mwachindunji.

Ziphuphu za whale zimakwera m'mlengalenga (m'mphepo yamphamvu), ndipo nthawi zambiri zimawoneka zikuwuluka pamwamba pa gawo lawo masana. Pakuuluka, khosi la mbalame limapendanso. Mbalame, monga lamulo, sizimangokhala chete, koma nthawi zambiri zimangolankhula ndi milomo yawo. Akuluakulu amapatsana moni pachisa, ndipo anapiye akungomungata milomo yawo akusewera. Akuluakulu amapanganso phokoso lofuula kapena lofuula, ndipo anapiye amapanga phokoso la hiccup, makamaka akapempha chakudya.

Zomverera zazikulu zomwe mitu ya whale imagwiritsa ntchito pakusaka ndikuwona ndi kumva. Kuti zithandizire kuwona bwino, mbalame zimagwira mitu yawo ndikuwerama mpaka pansi. Ikamachoka, chinsombacho chimagwira mapiko ake mowongoka, ndipo, ngati zikhadabo, chimawuluka ndi khosi lake. Kusesa kwake kumachitika pafupifupi maulendo 150 pamphindi. Uwu ndi umodzi wothamanga kwambiri pakati pa mbalame zonse, kupatula mitundu yayikulu ya agulugufe. Mtundu wa ndege umakhala ndi masinthidwe osinthika: kusinthana ndi kuzungulira kwa masekondi pafupifupi asanu ndi awiri. Mbalame zimakhala pafupifupi zaka 36 kuthengo.

Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka

Chithunzi: Kitoglav kuthawa

Kitoglavy - ali ndi magawo pafupifupi 3 km². Nthawi yakuswana, mbalamezi zimakhala malo amtendere ndipo zimateteza chisa kwa adani kapena mpikisano aliyense. Nthawi yobala imasiyana malinga ndi malo, koma nthawi zambiri imagwirizana ndi nthawi yoyambira. Ntchito yobereka imatenga miyezi isanu ndi umodzi mpaka isanu ndi iwiri. Chiwembu cha mainchesi atatu chimaponderezedwa ndikuchotsa chisa.

Chidacho chimapezeka pachilumba chaching'ono kapena pazomera zambiri zoyandama. Zinthu zophatikizidwa, monga udzu, zimawalira pansi, ndikupanga chipinda chachikulu chokhala ndi mainchesi pafupifupi mita imodzi. Mmodzi mpaka atatu, nthawi zambiri awiri, yoyera mazira amayikidwa, koma mwana wankhuku imodzi imatsala kumapeto kwa kubereka. Nthawi ya makulitsidwe imadutsa masiku 30. Mitu ya chinsomba imadyetsa anapiyewo ndikumulavulira chakudya osachepera katatu patsiku, pamene akukula nthawi 5-6.

Chosangalatsa: Kukula kwa mitu ya chinsomba kumachitika pang'onopang'ono poyerekeza ndi mbalame zina. Nthenga zimakula mpaka masiku 60, ndipo anapiye amatuluka chisa chokha pa tsiku la 95. Koma anapiyewo amatha kuuluka kwa masiku pafupifupi 105-112. Makolo amapitilirabe kudyetsa ana awo pafupifupi mwezi umodzi pambuyo pankhungu.

Kitoglavy - mbalame zoyambira. Makolo onsewa amatenga nawo mbali pamagawo onse omanga zisa, makulitsidwe ndi kumanga chisa. Pofuna kuti mazirawo asazizire bwino, anthu akuluakulu amatenga mkamwa wonse ndi kuwathira pachisa. Kuphatikiza apo, amayala udzu wonyowa mozungulira mazirawo ndikutembenuzira mazira ndi mawalo awo kapena mulomo.

Adani achilengedwe a anamgumi

Chithunzi: Mbawala ya Mbalame

Pali zilombo zingapo za nkhono zachikulire. Awa ndi mbalame zazikuluzikulu zolusa (hawk, falcon, kite) zomwe zimakonda kuukira pang'onopang'ono. Komabe, adani owopsa kwambiri ndi agalu, mamba ambiri okhala m'madambo aku Africa. Ana ndi mazira amatha kutengedwa ndi zilombo zambiri, koma izi sizichitika kawirikawiri, chifukwa mbalamezi zimateteza ana awo ndikumanga zisa m'malo osavomerezeka ndi omwe akufuna kuzidya.

Adani owopsa kwambiri a nsomba ndi anthu omwe amagwira mbalame ndikugulitsa chakudya. Kuphatikiza apo, anthu achilengedwe amalandila ndalama zochuluka kuchokera kugulitsa mbalamezi ku malo osungira nyama. Osaka, kuwonongedwa kwa malo awo okhala ndi anthu komanso miyambo yazikhalidwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azisakidwa mwadongosolo ndikugwidwa ndi mamembala am'deralo, akuwopseza Kitoglava.

Chochititsa chidwi: M'miyambo yambiri ya ku Africa, mitu yaikazi imawoneka kuti siyabwino ndipo imabweretsa mavuto. Ena mwa mafuko am'deralo amafuna kuti mamembala awo aphe mbalamezi kuti athe kuchotsa komwe kumakhala koipa. Izi zapangitsa kuti mitunduyi itheratu m'zigawo za Africa.

Kugulitsidwa kwa nyama ndi malo osungira nyama, omwe adapangidwa kuti zamoyo zamtunduwu zizipulumuka, zakuchepetsa kwambiri anthu. Mbalame zambiri zomwe zimachokera kumalo okhala zachilengedwe zimakana malo okhala. Izi ndichifukwa choti nsomba za nkhwangwa ndizobisala komanso zosungulumwa, komanso kupsinjika, malo osadziwika, komanso kupezeka kwa anthu kumalo osungira nyama, monga mukudziwa, zimapha mbalamezi.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu

Chithunzi: Kitoglav mwachilengedwe

Njira zambiri zowerengera za nsomba za whalehead zachitika, koma zolondola kwambiri ndi mbalame za 11,000 - 15,000 kudutsa lonse. Popeza kuchuluka kwa anthu kumabalalika m'malo ambiri ndipo ambiri mwa iwo sangathe kufikira anthu kwa chaka chambiri, ndizovuta kupeza chiwerengero chodalirika.

Choopseza ndikuwonongeka ndi kuwonongeka kwa malo okhala, kusaka ndi kukola malonda a mbalame. Pabwino malo okonzedwa kuti akolere ndi kudyetsa. Ndipo monga mukudziwa, ng'ombe zimapondaponda zisa. Ku Uganda, kufufuzidwa kwamafuta kungakhudze kuchuluka kwa mitunduyi mwa kusintha malo okhala ndi kuipitsidwa kwachilengedwe ndi mafuta. Kuwonongeka kwa zinthu kumathanso kukhala kofunika komwe zinyalala zochokera ku ma agrochemicals ndi zikopa zimakokera mu Nyanja ya Victoria.

Mitunduyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita malonda kumalo osungira nyama, yomwe imakhala vuto, makamaka ku Tanzania, komwe malonda a mitundu adakali ovomerezeka.Ma Kitoglavs amagulitsidwa $ 10,000-20,000, kuwapanga kukhala mbalame zodula kwambiri ku zoo. Malinga ndi akatswiri ochokera madambo a Bangweulu (Zambia), mazira ndi anapiye amatengedwa ndi okhala m'deralo kuti adye ndikugulitsa.

Chosangalatsa: Kuchita bwino kubereka kumatha kukhala kochepa ngati 10% pachaka, makamaka chifukwa cha zomwe munthu akuchita. Pa nyengo yakuswana ya 2011-2013. Makanda 10 okha mwa 25 anapulumuka bwinobwino: anapiye anayi adafera pamoto, m'modzi adaphedwa, ndipo 10 adatengedwa ndi anthu.

Ku Zambia, moto ndi chilala zikuopseza malo okhala. Pali umboni wina wogwidwa ndi kuzunzidwa. Mikangano ku Rwanda ndi ku Congo idayambitsa kuphwanyidwa kwa malo otetezedwa, komanso kufalikira kwa mfuti zimathandizira kwambiri kusaka. Ku Malagarashi, madera akuluakulu a nkhono zam'madzi oyandikana ndi madambo akuyeretsedwera fodya ndi ulimi, ndipo anthu, kuphatikiza asodzi, alimi ndi azibusa osamukasamuka, akula kwambiri m'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi. Mu zaka zinayi, zisa 7 zokha mwa 13 zidachita bwino.

Chitetezo cha Whale

Chithunzi: Red Book Kitoglav

Tsoka ilo, mtunduwu watsala pang'ono kutha ndipo ukumenyera nkhondo kuti upulumuke. IUCN imawunikira zinsomba za Shoebill ngati zili pangozi. Mbalamezi zalembedwanso mu CITES Appendix II ndipo zimatetezedwa ndi malamulo ku Sudan, Central African Republic, Uganda, Rwanda, Zaire ndi Zambia ndi African Convention on Natural and Natural Resources. Mbiri yakumaloko imatetezanso anamgumi, ndipo anthu am'derali amaphunzitsidwa kuti azilemekeza komanso kuopa mbalamezi.

Mtundu wocheperako komanso wamtunduwu walembedwa ngati osatetezeka, chifukwa akuyerekezeredwa kuti uli ndi anthu ochepa pamitundu yambiri. Bangweulu Wetland Management Board ikukonza dongosolo loteteza zachilengedwe. Ku South Sudan, akuchitapo kanthu kuti amvetsetse zamtunduwu ndikupititsa patsogolo malo otetezedwa.

Kitoglav zimabweretsa ndalama kudzera pa zokopa alendo. Anthu ambiri omwe amapita ku Africa amapita ku Africa kumayendedwe amtsinje kuti akaone nyama zakuthengo. Malo ofunikira angapo adawatcha kuti mabwalo a nsomba ku South Sudan, Uganda, Tanzania, ndi Zambia. Ku Bangweulu Wetlands, asodzi akumaloko amalembedwa ntchito ngati alondera kuti ateteze zisa, kudziwitsa anthu am'deralo komanso kuchita bwino kuswana.

Kodi mitu ya whale imakhala kuti?

Whaleheads amakhala m'malo ochepa kwambiri: South Sudan ndi Zaire. Sapezeka kulikonse. Malo omwe amawakonda ndi malo osambira m'mphepete mwa mtsinje wa Nailo. Amakhala okhazikika, akumakhala moyo wawo wonse pamalo amodzi. Ndi osayanjana, yesetsani kukhala nokha. Nthawi zina amapezeka awiriawiri, koma izi ndizodziwikiratu zomwe zimasangalatsa nthawi yakubzala.

Njira yodziwonera ndi nangumi imafanana ndi ya heron. Amakwera m'mwamba kwambiri ndikuwuluka pamapiko. Koma zimatha kuuluka kwambiri, kufunafuna chakudya.

Whale

Kitoglavs ndiwofatsa kwambiri osati mbalame zoyipa. Amatha kuwomba mokweza ndi milomo yawo kapena kufuula koboola. Koma - kwambiri, kawirikawiri.

Kitoglav amawuluka kudzera muwoko ku zoo

Kodi mitu ya chinsomba imadya chiyani?

Chakudya chamasana, mbalamezi zimakonda nyama zapamadzi komanso zam'madzi. Amatha kuzizira poyembekezera 'chakudya' chododometsa kwa maola, ngati ziweto zathu, kudikirira nsomba ndi achule. Koma mulomo wambiri wamangumi umakulolani kuti "mulume" pazamoyo zazikulu: zimatha kumeza kambewu. Komanso - zonse.

Kitoglav amatenga chida chomangira chisa

Maonekedwe ndi malo okhala

Kitoglav kapena mfumu heron Ili ndi dongosolo la Ciconiiformes ndipo ndi woimira banja la cetaceans. Chiwerengero cha mbalame zachilendozi ndi anthu pafupifupi 15,000. Izi ndi mbalame zosowa.

Zomwe zimasowa ndikuwoneka kuti ndizochepetsera gawo lomwe lingakhalepo ndi kuwonongedwa kwa zisa. Royal whale ili ndi mawonekedwe achilendo, omwe ndi ovuta kuiwala pambuyo pake. Chimawoneka ngati chamoyo chotsogola chopangidwa ndi mutu wopambana. Mutuwo ndi waukulu kwambiri kuti kukula kwake kuli kofanana ndi thupi la mbalameyi.

Modabwitsa, mutu wawukulu ngati uwu umagwira khosi lalitali komanso loonda. Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi mlomo. Ndizotakata kwambiri komanso chofanana ndowa. Anthu akumderalo adapereka dzina lawo kwa "dinosaur wopanda tsitsi uyu" - "bambo wa nsapato." Kutanthauzira kwa Chingerezi ndi "mutu whale", ndipo ku Germany ndiko "nsapato".

Zikumana chimphona chachikulu kokha pamtunda umodzi - Africa. Malo okhala ndi Kenya, Zaire, Uganda, Tanzania, Zambia, Botswana ndi South Sudan.
Kwa malo omwe amakhala, amasankha malo osatheka kufikako: madambo a gumbwa ndi madambo. Khalidwe limakhazikika ndipo silichoka m'dera lodzala ndi chisa. Zachilengedwe zinaonetsetsa kuti malo okhalamo mbalame ndi abwino. Kitoglav ali ndi miyendo yayitali, yopyapyala, ndipo zala zimatalikirana kwambiri.

Kapangidwe kameneka kamakulowetsani malo olumikizirana ndi dothi, chifukwa cha izi, mbalameyo siigwera chifukwa chothina. Chifukwa cha kuthekera uku, chinamgumi chachikulu chimatha kukhala pamalo amodzi ndikuyenda momasuka m'malo odutsa. Mfumu heron ndiyodabwitsa kwambiri ndipo ndi mmodzi mwa oimira akulu kwambiri a Ciconiiformes.

Kukula kwake kumafikira 1-1.2 m, ndipo mapiko ndi 2-2,5 m. Chimphona choterocho chimalemera makilogalamu 4-7. Utoto wa mbalameyi ndi imvi. Mutu waukulu ukuvekedwa korona kumbuyo kwa mutu. Mtundu wotchuka wa beak whale wachikaso, wopatsa chidwi. Kutalika kwake ndi 23 cm ndipo m'lifupi mwake ndi masentimita 10. Amatha ndi mbeza yomwe imayang'aniridwa pansi.

China chochititsa chidwi ndi mbalame zachilendozi ndi maso. Zimapezeka kutsogolo kwa chigaza, osati kumbali, ngati mbalame zambiri. Maso amtunduwu amawapatsa mwayi wowona chilichonse chozungulira chithunzi chazithunzi-zitatu. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti chachimuna ndi chachikazi cha mbalame zamtunduwu ndizovuta kusiyanitsa wina ndi mnzake.

Khalidwe ndi moyo

Heron whale kumakhala moyo wongokhala komanso wodzipatula. M'miyoyo yawo yonse, amakhala m'gawo lina, kuyesera kuti akhale okha. Ndi ochepa omwe amatha kuwona mitu ya whale. Kuyankhulana ndi mamembala a paketi kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi kukuwa komanso kukuwa kwachilendo.

Koma izi zimachitika pokhapokha, makamaka amayesa kungokhala chete osakopa chidwi cha munthu. Mbalameyo ikapumula, imakhazikika pakama pake. Zikuwoneka kuti, kuti muchepetse khosi, chifukwa mulomo wa mbalamezi ndi waukulu. Koma ndendende chifukwa cha kukula kwake, asodzi a nkhanu amadziwika kuti ndi asodzi aluso kwambiri.

Kuuluka kwa heron yachifumu ndikabwino kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri zimawuluka pamtunda wotsika, koma nthawi zina zimaganiza zouluka m'mwamba ndikuwuluka pamwamba pa nyumba zawo zamfumu. Pakadali pano, mitu yofiirira imachotsa makosi awo ndikukhala ngati ndege.

Ngakhale maonekedwe awo owopsa, awa ndi mbalame zodekha osati mbalame zoyipa. Amalumikizana bwino kwambiri ndi anthu omwe ali muukapolo ndipo samasinthidwa mosavuta. Maonekedwe awo osawoneka bwino amakopa owonerera m'malo osungira nyama. Koma monga tanena kale, mbalamezi ndizosowa kwambiri m'chilengedwe komanso mu ukapolo.

Whalefrog mapiko ndi chidwi

Royal Whale ndiwokondedwa ndi ojambula. Ingoyang'anani pa chithunzi ndipo wina akuwoneka kuti mukuyang'ana chifanizo cha "imvi Cardinal". Kwa nthawi yayitali amatha kuyimirira. Kusuntha kwake konse kumakhala pang'ono komanso kuyesedwa.

Mbalame iyi ya "magazi amfumu" imasiyanitsidwa ndi ulemu. Ngati mukuyandikira ndikuweramitsa, ndikugwedeza mutu, ndiye poyankha whale mutu mutu nawonso. Nawo moni wanthawi zonse. Herons ndi ibis nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mutu whale ngati chitetezo. Amasonkhana m'matumba mozungulira, akumakhala otetezeka pafupi ndi chimphona.

Chakudya cha Whalehead

Mbalame zam'madzi Ndi asodzi komanso msodzi wabwino kwambiri wa nyama zam'madzi. Amatha kuyimirira osakhalitsa kwa nthawi yayitali, kudikirira nyama yake. Nthawi zina, "kusuta" nsomba mpaka pansi, "zanzeru" izi zimadzutsa madzi. Pakusaka koteroko, munthu amawona ngati kuleza mtima kwa Heron kulibe malire. Zakudya za whalehead zimaphatikizapo catfish, tilapia, njoka, achule, mollusks, akamba ndi ngakhale ming'alu yaying'ono.

Kitoglav amakonda kudya nsomba

Amagwiritsa ntchito mlomo wawo wamkulu ngati ukonde wa gulugufe. Amapinda nsomba ndi zolengedwa zina zam'madziwo. Koma chakudya sichimangopita m'mimba nthawi zonse. Kitoglav, ngati chef, amaseseratu masamba ochulukirapo.

Mfumu heron amakonda kusungulumwa, ndipo ngakhale m'malo okhala ndi malo ochulukirapo okhala, amadya motalikirana. Mtunda uwu ndiochepera mamita 20. Lamuloli limagwiranso ntchito kwa malenje osaka nsomba