• Khoswe wamkulu wokhala ndi ndodo (lat. Leporillus conditor) ndi amodzi mwa mitundu ya makoswe a banja la amoyo.

Kutalika kwa thupi kumayambira pa 14 mpaka 20 cm, mchirawo ndi 13-18 masentimita, kulemera kwake kumayambira 180 mpaka 450 g. Ubweya ndi wamfupi komanso wonenepa kwambiri umasanduka woyera pamimba. Phokoso ndilotalika komanso lakuthwa, thupi lonse limakhala lozungulira. Miyendo ya kumbuyo ndi yayitali kwambiri kuposa kutsogolo. Mchira wautali, waubweya wokhala ndi mphonje kumapeto kwake.

Amamadya chakudya chambiri, nthawi zambiri pamakudya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Nyama za pagulu zimasungidwa awiriawiri kapena m'magulu.

Kuberekanso kumachitika munyengo yamvula. Yaikazi imabereka ana anayi mpaka 6. Pali malita angapo pachaka.

Endoma kupita ku Australia. Malo achilengedwe ndi savannah youma.

Changu chozizira: zochitika zaukadaulo

Chiwunda chotentha komanso chozizira ku Moscow ndi mtundu wa mankhwala othandizira ophera tizilombo omwe atchuka pakati pa makasitomala athu ambiri. Ndipo ngakhale kusiyana pakati pa njirazi sikofunikira kwambiri, koma makasitomala omwe angakhale nawo ayenera kudziwa za iwo.

Zimatengera kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kwa tizirombo tina pogwiritsa ntchito jenereta yapadera. Chiphuphu cholandilidwa kutuluka chimasakanikirana ndi mpweya ndikukhala pamtunda wambiri, kuphatikizira zokongoletsera nyumba zosiyanasiyana, mapanelo ndi denga. Komabe, kukula kwa tinthu tomwe timapangira momwe amasinthidwira amasinthidwa mosiyanasiyana. Zizindikiro za ma microns 5-30 ndizodziwika kwa chifunga chotentha, ma microne 40-80 a chifunga chozizira. Komanso, mtambo wamafuta ofunda kwambiri umakhala nthawi yayitali, womwe umakuthandizani kuti mulowe mozama timakhwala tating'onoting'ono ndikuthandizira kwambiri tizilombo tambiri.

Ndipo zowonadi, kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa njira ziwiri izi ndi kutentha kwawo. Zizindikiro za chifuwa chozizira zili pafupi kwambiri ndi chilengedwe.

• 100% yotetezeka kwa thupi la munthu ndi ziweto,
• chitetezo chochulukirapo kuti tichotse maphemwe, nsikidzi, nyerere ndi tizirombo tina,
• kusowa kwa mipando pamiyala ndi pazenera mutatha kukonza,
• kusunga ndalama za pabanja: mtengo wa nkhuni zotentha ndi zozizira uli pamtundu wokwanira aliyense.

Insect.Net idzakupulumutsani ku tizilombo toipitsa komanso taopsa!

Ngati mwatopa kulimbana ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono m'nyumba mwanu ndipo palibe tizilombo tating'onoting'ono aliyense amene tamupatsa zotsatira zolonjezazi, musathamangire kukhumudwa. Akatswiri a Insect.Net timu azitenga chilichonse m'manja mwawo!

Pa ntchito yathu timagwiritsa ntchito zida zapamwamba kwambiri komanso zamakono. Kukonzekera konse kumayesedwa labotale ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira za GOST. Komanso, ngati mukufuna, mutha kupeza kukambirana koyambirira ndi mawu onse othandizira. Tizilombo sitikhala ndi mwayi wopulumuka!

Aliyense kasitomala amalandira chitsimikizo pazomwe timapereka ndipo atha kukhala otsimikiza za mtundu wawo. Mudzakhutitsidwa ndi mgwirizano wathu ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, mudzadziwa kuti mutembenukire kuti.

Mapulogalamu olumikizirana ndi kulumikizana m'masamba ochezera amapezeka patsamba lalikulu la tsamba lovomerezeka. Sankhani Tizilombo.Neterani tizirombo mu nthawi yayifupi kwambiri!

Kukonzekera (0)

Polimbana ndi makoswe, chogulitsa cha Tsunami chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'miyala ndi ma briquette, tirigu wokhala ndi zowonjezera, zowonongeka m'malo opangira nyambo ndi misampha yamoyo. Zida zonsezi zimakuthandizani kuti muchepetse kuthana ndi matenda mwachangu komanso moyenera, mutetezere eni malo ndi katundu wawo kuti asawonongeke.

Mfundo zoyenera kuchita pakakonzekera tizirombo

Mukamapha arthropods, mankhwala, njira zomwe zimakhala ndi zotsatira kapena zowononga chilengedwe ndizothandiza kwambiri. Mphepo yotentha, madzi otentha, nthunzi, kapena mosinthasintha - kutentha kochepetsedwa, kumatha kuthetsa tizirombo tambiri. Matepi omatira ndi mapepala omata amagwira tizilombo touluka, ndipo kuyika maukonde a udzudzu pazenera kuwalepheretsa kulowa mchipindacho.

Njira zamankhwala zimaphatikizira kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala opangidwira disinfestation (mankhwala ophera tizilombo). Ambiri aiwo amakonzedwa kuti awononge achikulire, koma nthawi zambiri mazira ambiri ndi mphutsi zimakhazikika m'makoloni, ndichifukwa chake matendawa amabwereranso. Pakuwonongeka kwawo, mphutsi ndi ma ovicides apangidwa. Mankhwala onse oterewa amagawika m'magulu kutengera momwe angachitire:

• kulumikizana. Mapiritsi amalowa ndi tizirombo toyambitsa matenda, kulowa mwachindunji m'thupi,
• matumbo. Zimakhudza dongosolo logaya chakudya la tizilombo,
• mafinya. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupha arthropods kudzera mu kupuma kwawo.

Zina mwazida izi zimakhala ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, kulumikizana ndi poizoni chlorophos popanga mankhwala osiyanasiyana angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiritsa nkhope zosiyanasiyana kapena zowonjezera poizoni m'zakudya. Mankhwala omwe amapha tizilombo amatha kukhala ma fumbi, mavuvu, ma granu, njira zothetsera mavuto, sopo, ndi zina zambiri. Pakugwiritsa ntchito kwawo ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, zida zapadera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito - sprayers, ndowa za aerosol, ndi zina zotero.

Kuchita bwino kwa malonda ake komanso zoopsa zake kwa anthu ndi nyama zimadalira mtundu wa mawonekedwe. Kuyamba kumaliza ntchitoyo, antchito athu amasankha kuchuluka koyenera kwa ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kutengera ntchitoyo komanso kuchuluka kwa matendawa. Mankhwala nawonso amagawidwa:

• Organophosphorous. Amayamba kuwonongeka mwachilengedwe mwachangu, zomwe zimachepetsa kuwopsa kwawo kwa anthu. Kutengera mtundu wa tizilombo kuti ziwonongeke, othandizira okhala ndi fenthion, malathion, chlorpyrifos, ndi ena amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
• Ma pyrethroids opanga. Izi ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Mlingo wocheperako. Imakhala ndi zotsalira zazitali, ndipo ndi mlingo wocheperako, imakhala yotetezeka kwa anthu. Izi zimaphatikizapo zinthu monga cypermethrin, alfacipermetrin, permethrin, lambda-cygalotrin, deltamethrin, cyfluthrin, tetramethrin.
• Organochlorine. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe owonjezereka a zochita, kukana mphamvu ndi chilengedwe. Pang'onopang'ono amadziunjikira m'thupi, kuphatikiza umunthu. Chifukwa chake, mukamagwira ntchito, anthu osatetezedwa ndi mankhwala samaloledwa m'malo omwe akukonzedwa.

Tsoka ilo, tizilombo tambiri tomwe timagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwewo nthawi yomweyo timalimbana nawo, chifukwa chake njira zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzanso mobwerezabwereza. Kugwiritsa ntchito maulamuliro oongolera zachilengedwe kumathandizidwanso - m'malo mwa mankhwala, ma virus, mabakiteriya, kapena mbewu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zomwe zinthu zofunika ndizowopsa kwa tizilombo, koma njira zotere ndizopewera.

Mfundo Zowongolera Ndende

Pokhala nyama zamagazi ofunda, makoswe amaonetsa luso lalikulupo kwambiri kuposa tizilombo, ndipo amasintha nthawi yomweyo pamavuto. Chifukwa chake, kuyang'anira tizilombo kuyenera kukhala kwanzeru kwambiri kuthana ndi vutoli. Njira zosavuta kwambiri zolamulira makoswe ndi zamakina. Misampha ya masika, misampha yamoyo ndi njira zina zimakuthandizani kuti mugwire anthu pawokha, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wowachotsa bwinobwino m'chipindacho.

Komabe, njira zamakina zili ndi zovuta. Chifukwa chake, amawononga anthu ochepa okha, ngakhale mu colony akhoza kukhala kuchokera ku 150 kapena kupitirira. Chifukwa chake, othandizira opha tizilombo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Amagwiritsa ntchito mfundo yomweyi - tizilombo timadyanso nyambo yomwe ili ndi poizoni, kenako nkufa. Komabe, makoswe ndi mbewa zitha kuzindikira kuwopsa pakuwona momwe zimakhudzira abale, chifukwa chake zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimasinthidwa nthawi zonse.

Kukonzekera kwa Zakuthira (0)

• khalani m'chipinda chovomerezeka nthawi yopanda matenda,
• Lolani kuti nyama ziyeretsedwe kuzirombo,
• ngati mukuyenera kuyendera zipinda momwe zida zamatenda zimagwirira ntchito, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoteteza - masks, magolovu, maovololo, ndi zina zambiri.

Ntchito ikamalizidwa, perekani mpweya wabwino kwa mphindi 30. Munthawi imeneyi, kukhala mkati wopanda zida zotchinga ndizoletsedwa. Chovala chansalu chotsalira m'chipindacho chimayenera kutsukidwa m'madzi otentha. Chitani zonse zolimba ndi yankho la phulusa la sopo ndi sopo. Ntchito iyenera kuchitidwa ndi magolovesi. Kuyeretsa mwachisawawa kumalimbikitsidwa kuti zizichitika patatha masiku 14 kutengera kuyamwa kwa tizilombo.

Mipando yokwezeka, zinthu zanu ndi ziwiya zake pakataya mafuta

Musanakonzekere malo oti tithane ndi tizirombo, tiyenera kuwunika kwambiri zinthu zakunja ndi zida zapamwamba komanso ziwiya. Zida, mipando ndi sofa zimatenga mosavuta zinthu zothira, zimadziunjikiranso pazakudya ndi zinthu zanu, ndipo mankhwala omwe atsala pamwambapa amatha kukupweteketsani. Mipando yokwezekayo iyenera kutetezedwa - imathandizidwa ndiwotchi yoyaka kapena mankhwala othira mankhwala (kutengera momwe zinthu zilili), ndikuyipatula monga momwe kungathekere. Malangizo:

• yesani kugwiritsa ntchito matumba otayika ochotsera pofunda - adzafunika atsekedwa mchikwama chomata ndi kutayidwa,
• kuphimba malo owerengera komanso mipando yakunja kwa mipandoyo
• samalani mosamala monga malo amodzi osaphunzitsidwa angachepetse kukonzedwa, kusiya tizilombo kuti tisapulumuke.

Ndikofunika kulipira chisamaliro chapadera pazachitetezo cha zinthu zanu, makamaka, zovala - nsapato, zovala ndi zinthu zina zosatetezedwa ndi tizirombo tiyenera kutseka m'matumba olimba. Ngati angafune, cookware ikhoza kutsalira m'nyumba, koma iyenera kutsukidwa. Ndikofunikanso kuti muyeretse mankhwala atapanda matendawa, chifukwa amatha kuopseza eni ake a banja lawo.

Njira izi zipulumutsa thanzi la anthu onse ndi nyama zomwe zimakhala mnyumba, osadandaula kuti chifukwa chakuwongolera tizilombo, mankhwala owopsa amakhalabe mkati ndikuwopseza. Komanso, kukonzekera mokwanira kudzathandizira ntchito yoyang'anira tizilombo ku kampani yathu, kuyiyendetsa pang'onopang'ono ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ikuyenda bwino.

Makoswe.

Ambiri sangathe kupewetsa kudzimana mwa iwo okha akakumana ndi izi osakhala nyama yokongola. Zowonadi, ndi anthu ochepa omwe angakonde mawonekedwe a chirombo chopusa komanso chopusa ichi. Maso ang'ono akuyendayenda mwamantha pamalowo, mphuno ndi mchira wautali wokutidwa ndi mamba ang'ono. Kumanani ndi RAT.

Chifukwa chake, makoswe ndi oimira makoswe. Sizovuta kupeza malo komwe sikungakhale kosavuta kukakumana nawo. Kupatula apo, palibe nyama imodzi yomwe ili yofala m'dziko lathu. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonjezera pa mitundu ya rat, mitundu ya 1728 imaphatikizidwa ndi makoswe. Ndipo makoswe pawokha amaphatikiza mitundu 137 ndi mitundu 787 ndi mitundu.

Amakhala mdziko lonse lapansi. M'mbuyomu, sanali pa zisumbu ndi ku America, koma pambuyo pa munthu amene ali m'zombo adabwerako. Ku Russia, mitundu itatu imakhala: Turkestan, imvi ndi wakuda. Turkestan amakhala ku Central Asia. Chakuda chimakhala m'makona a nyumba zathu. Grey, nkhokwe ikatentha, ikakhala m'minda, ndipo nyengo yadzuwa ikamayandikira anthu. Amachulukirachulukira m'malo amtunda komanso m'malo ogwirira ntchito.

Musakhulupilire anthu omwe amati m'nyumba zawo mulibe makoswe. Pali. Siziwoneka.

Kupatula apo, makoswe alibe chidwi chilichonse chofuna kugwira diso. Koma ali.

Nyama izi ndizochepa: kutalika kwa thupi kumayambira 13 mpaka 26 sentimita, kuphatikiza mchira wa masentimita 10-15 kukula kwake. Mu makoswe, ndizovala zazing'onoting'ono zokha pa nsagwada iliyonse, zomwe mkatimo mulibe enamel, koma wopanda ma fang. Pamene khoswe akutafuna, mano otsika ndi okwera samakhudzana. Njira zonsezi zimalepheretsa kukokoloka, chifukwa, ngakhale mu tambala wakale, mano amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi kukongola kopatsa chidwi.

M'malo mwake, makoswe, ambiri azomera zamasamba, koma makoswe ndi omnivores okha. Kupatula apo, chinthu chachikulu pakupezeka kwawo ndi zakudya. Chilichonse chomwe munthu amadya ndi chakudya chake. Ndipo makoswewo amadyabe zinthu zambiri zomwe anthu samadya: zovala, mabuku, makandulo, mafupa, makungwa amtengo, amakonda sopo kwambiri ...

Makoswe ndi adani akulu a mbalame. Nthawi zambiri amayala zisa zawo zisa za mazira ndi anapiye. Ziweto zimafunikanso kuziwopa: ng'ombe, zimatafuna nyama kumbali. Amakonda kuukira nyama zodwala.

Makoswe amaberekera kuthamanga kodabwitsa. Pakadutsa miyezi itatu iliyonse makoswe amabadwa ndi 7, kapena 15 15 pups. Pakatha masiku 15, "anawo" amakhala odziyimira pawokha, ndipo patatha mwezi amakhala ndi makoswe.

Kuwona m'makona sikabwino kwambiri. Amawoneka imvi, yakuda ndi yoyera. Koma mtundu wofiira suwona konse - umakhudzidwa monga momwe timachitira kumdima. Kuphatikiza apo, malo omwe makoswe amatha kuyang'ana ndi ochepa kwambiri. Zowona, kubwezera uku kumalipidwa chifukwa chakuti imatha kutembenuzira mutu mwamphamvu mbali zonse.

Fungo la makoswe ndi lofanana ndi anthu. Koma ndizovomerezeka kuti anthu ali ndi fungo lapakati. Kumva kulinso kolowera kwambiri ndipo kumakhala ndi mawonekedwe ake. Mwachitsanzo, tambalayo samvera kulira kwa khutu la siren. Mawonekedwe oyera, nawonso, samasiyanitsa, zingwe zokhazokha, komanso, zimatsimikiza movuta momwe amapitira.

Makoswe ndi nyama zomwe zimakhala m'magulu. Pakhoza kukhala makoswe 300 pagulu limodzi, kapenanso kupitirira apo.

Pakati pawo nthawi zambiri kumabuka nkhondo. Gawo lomwe limatetezedwa kwambiri ndi mchira wawo. Nthawi zambiri zimawonetsa mabala omwe amabwera ndi abale.

Makoswe amasakidwa ndi mbalame zodya nyama (mwachitsanzo, kadzidzi) ndi nyama (martens, ankhandwe ndi ena), popeza makoswe amakhala pafupi ndi malo okhala anthu, kugwidwa kwa zilombozi sizimawopseza. Ndipo za amphaka amphaka, amadyera mbewa. Si kawirikawiri kusankha kumenya munthu wamkulu. Bwino - pachingwe chaching'ono, chodabwitsa.

Makoswe amafunikira kuyenda kwambiri. Chingwe choyesera chomwe chimayikidwa mu ng'oma chimatha kupitilira ma kilomita 40 patsiku.

Amadziwika kuti asayansi amakonda kwambiri kuyesa kuyesa osiyanasiyana ndi nyama izi. Zomwe asayansi apeza ndizotsatirazi: makoswe ali ndi machitidwe ena a utsogoleri, mwakulankhula kwina, ratayo ndi chinthu chomveka bwino. Mwachitsanzo, atathamanga 200, makoswewo adayamba kuyendayenda moyenera mu maze. Ngakhale mphamvu zonse zikadadulidwa, adapezabe njira yoyenera. Kulephera kudachitika pokhapokha ngati njira yozungulira idasinthidwa madigiri 180. Anamuphunzitsa ndikudziwa njira - pomwepo anapeza omwe mphotho yake idayenera.

Pali zifukwa zambiri zokanira makoswe ndi anthu. Makandulo kuyambira kalekale anthu, makoswe amawononga mbewu zochuluka ndi kukolola kale. Aliyense amadya pafupifupi 60 kg tsiku lililonse. Kuphatikiza apo, tambala aliyense amaipitsa chakudya chochuluka kuposa momwe amadya. Ku Asia, makoswe amawononga mpunga pafupifupi 50 miliyoni, womwe ungakhale wokwanira kudyetsa anthu kotala biliyoni. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, wachisanu aliyense wa mbewu zonse amafa ndi makoswe Padziko Lapansi.

Kholo ndi loopsa kwa mwamunayo. Choyamba, zimachitika kuti amamenya munthu. Makamaka omwe amazunzidwa ndi ana, okalamba osowa thandizo komanso odwala kwambiri, omangidwa komanso, anthu osowa pokhala komanso oledzera. Ku New York kokha, komwe kuli makoswe 6 pamunthu aliyense, mpaka kumenyedwa kwamilandu 700 ya zilembo za anthu (amangolembetsedwa!). Khoswe amavutitsa nthawi zambiri usiku, pa munthu amene wagona, koma milandu pamene makoswe aluma munthu kuti aphedwe sichitha. Pokhapokha, inde, khoswe amayendetsedwa ndi njala kukhumudwa. Chingwe chomwe chimakokedwa chimakhala chowopsa. Kulephera kuthawa, khomalo limadziteteza. Zimakhala zoyipa kwambiri mukamakumana ndi gulu la makoswe. Panali zochitika pamene ku malo osungirako zinyama gulu la makoswe limadyera zodzaza njovu zitatu usiku umodzi.

Kuopsa kwake kwakukulu kuli mu chakuti ndiwonyamula matenda osiyanasiyana: mliri, brucellosis, trichinosis, erysipelas, matenda a chiwewe, mummyria, leptospirosis, pseudotuberculosis ... Pafupifupi gawo lililonse lachitatu limakhala ndi matenda. Ku Hamburg zaka 25, makoswe oposa 600 omwe anali onyamula mliriwo adawonongeka. Ndipo m'zaka za m'ma 1500, malinga ndi ofesi ya Papa, kotala la anthu ochokera ku Europe adamwalira ndi matendawa. Titha kunena mosabisa kuti m'zaka zana zapitazi, makoswe ati apha anthu ambiri ngati nkhondo, onse atengedwa limodzi. Vutoli limafala chifukwa chakuluma, koma makoswewo amathanso kupewetsa matupi am'madzi ngati aledzera. Mliri wa bacillus ungathe kufalikira kudzera pa nthata zomwe zimakhala ndi makoswe. Kholo likafa, timtamba timalumphira nyama zina zamagazi ofunda, kuphatikizapo anthu.

Zomwe sizingopange munthu kuti athetse azinzawo osafunikira. Njira zambiri, koma osachita chimodzi. Cholinga chake ndi kusinthasintha kwawo kodabwitsa. Asayansi amatulutsa poyizoni wamphamvu, patapita nthawi m'badwo wina wamagulu amphaka womwe sugwirizana nawo umabadwa. Poizoni watsopano akuwonekeranso, makoswe amabadwanso, pomwe samagwira, etc.
Mwinanso zonse zomwe tafotokozazi, zakutsimikizirani kuti ngongoleyi ndiyoyenera ulemu wa "mdani wamkulu woyamba." Muyenera kumenya nkhondo nthawi zonse. Kuphatikiza apo, mpaka pano, kuchuluka kwa makoswe kumaposa anthu pafupifupi katatu, ndipo izi zimatipangitsa kuganiza. Kupatula apo, funso likuyankhidwa apa: "mwina ndife iwo, kapena ndi ife."

Kutalika: 13 mpaka 26 sentimita
Kulemera: mpaka 1.5 makilogalamu
Habitat: amakhala padziko lonse lapansi

Ngozi!
Kuwononga mbewu zochuluka, zimachitika kuti zimapweteka munthu, wothandizirana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.