Nsomba za mngelo * Nsomba

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Banja la dzina lomwelo ndi la Perciform. Kwawo ndi nyanja zam'malo otentha.

Tsopano pali mitundu 85 ya nsomba. Wachibale wapafupi kwambiri ndi nsomba zam'madzi ndi nsomba za gulugufe, chifukwa chofanana ndi kapangidwe kake, m'mbuyomu ankawaganizira kuti ndi a banja limodzi.

Komabe, nsomba zaangelo ndizokulirapo kuposa wachibale wawo wapamtima.

Kukula kwakukulu kwa nsomba kumakhala mpaka 30 cm, koma palinso opikisana ndi kutalika kwa 60 cm, komanso makanda omwe kutalika kwawo ndi 12-15 cm.

Matupi a nsomba'wo akwatidwa, ndipo mutu waukulu ndi mchira wake ndi waufupi, motero nsomba imakhala ngati bokosi.

Kunja kwa chivundikiro cha gill pali chingwe, chomwe nsonga yake imayendetsedwa kumbuyo. Zipsepse zamakutu zimalozedwa, ndipo zipsepse zam'mimba ndizoyandikira kwambiri ndi zipsepse zamakutu, nthawi zambiri pang'ono kutsogolo kapena mwachindunji pansi pawo, ma dorsal ndi anal anal ndi akulu kwambiri, alibe milozo yakuthwa. Chifukwa cha malo okhala m'nyanja zotentha, nsomba zonse za banja ili ndi mtundu wowala bwino, womwe umatha kukhala ma mikwingwirima kapena maukonde, wopakidwa utoto wamtambo, wabuluu, wachikasu, lalanje ndi wakuda. Komanso, angelo ali ndi kusiyana kwakukulu maonekedwe a nsomba zazing'ono ndi nsomba zomwe zafika pa kutha msinkhu, poyambilira anali kutengedwa ngati mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Nsomba za Angelo zimakonda kutentha kwambiri, chifukwa chake zimangokhala malo otentha okha, komanso nyanja zam'madzi zokha, makamaka m'madzi osaya - mpaka 50 m. Ngati nsombayi ilowa m'malo ake ocheperako m'makoma a coral, sikuti ingokhala chuma chake chokhacho, komanso, malire a katunduyo azisungidwa mosamala ndi nsomba.

Nthawi zambiri, nsomba izi zimakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono (makamaka osaposa 6), ndipo amagwira ntchito masana, ndipo amagona mwamtendere m'malo otetezeka usiku. Amakhala odekha: kuwona diver, nsomba za mngelo sizichita mantha ndipo sizisambira, komanso sizisonyeza chidwi mwa munthu.

Nsomba za Angelo siziopa anthu - osiyanasiyana amatha kuyang'ana modekha.

Mndandanda wa nsomba wa mngelo umakhala ndi mitundu yayikulu yazakudya: kuchokera kuzomera wamba zam'madzi zamitundu yosiyanasiyana mpaka zam'madzi zazing'ono. Koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mtundu uliwonse wa nsomba za mngelo umakhala ndi mtundu wake wa chakudya womwe umakonda. Ndizowopsa kuti munthu adye nsomba zamtunduwu, chifukwa minofu ya m'mimba mwa nsomba imapeza zulu zochuluka, zomwe zimatha kupezedwa poizoni pakudya nyama iyi. Komabe, izi sizikhudza nyama zolusa zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito nsomba za angelo ngati chakudya.

Zamoyo zomwe zimaberekanso zimatengera mtundu wanji wa nsomba za mngelo: wina amakwatirana, ndipo wina amakhala ndi akazi ambiri (komabe, ngati uyu wamwamuna amwalira, ndiye kuti mmodzi mwa akazi ambiri oterewa amasintha kukhala wamphongo chifukwa cha kusinthana kwamafuta )

Nsomba za mngelo , kapena pomacanthos (lat. Pomacanthidae) - banja la nsomba zam'madzi zoyipa zam'madzi kuchokera ku perciform (Perciformes). Kutalika kumatha kukhala kuyambira 6 mpaka 60 cm.Alfish ndi nsomba zotchuka zam'madzi, koma anthu am'madzi nthawi zambiri amakhala ochepa kwambiri kuposa amodzi am'madzi.

Nsomba zina zam'madzi otentha zimakhala ndi mitundu yowala kwambiri kuposa kale. Zikuwoneka kuti maonekedwe okongola kwambiri padziko lapansi sangakhale. Ndipo kuti? Kumwamba kokha, kumwamba komwe angelo amakhala. Ndiye chifukwa chake anthu anayamba kufanizira nsomba zokongola izi ndi angelo.

Angelo amakhala m'malo otentha kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Mitundu isanu ndi inayi imapezeka mu Nyanja ya Atlantic, ina yonse ku Indian ndi Pacific Oceans. Izi nsomba amakonda kukhala pafupi m'matanthwe a coral.

Angelfish nthawi zambiri amakhala m'magulu awiriawiri kapena m'magulu ang'onoang'ono amtundu wamphongo mmodzi wamwamuna ndi wamkazi. Pamiyala ali ndi malo omwe amawatetezera kuchokera kwa oyimbirana nawo.

Kuwala kwa utoto wa mngelo nsomba ndikosavuta
zodabwitsa. Apa ndi, mwachitsanzo, mandimu achikasu atatuapolemyct
(Apolemichthys trimaculatus) aka Maso amaso.

Amati angelo akumwamba amasiyanasiyana pamadongosolo. Inde, nsomba za angelo zidagawidwanso m'mawonekedwe. Banja la nsomba zamtundu wa 8 lili ndi mitundu 8 ya mitundu 90. Pamalo "otsika" oyang'anira nsomba ndi angelo okha: ang'ono, owongoka (aka centropig multiband) ndi semicircular (pock-chizindikiro pomacanth).

Mngelo wa semicircular kapena pomacanth
(Pomacanthus semicirculatus) ali ndi thupi lofiirira.
yokutidwa ndi mikwingwirima yamtambo ndi mawanga. Nsomba zazing'ono zimakhala ndi buluu wakuda
utoto ndi mikwingwirima yoyera thupi lonse

Pamwamba paiwo pamtunda: okhala ndi nkhope zamtambo, emarodi ndipo makamaka mngelo wachifumu (Pomacanthus infator), imafika kutalika kwa masentimita 40. Mafumu akumadzi samayang'ana uku ndi uku ngati anthu awo, koma amakhala kunyumba yachifumu yokongola, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala pakati pa miyala yokongola ya coral. Nthawi zambiri awa amakhala ma maholo angapo kapena maholo omanga m'mapanga, olumikizidwa ndi timipata.

Kukongola konseku kumapangidwira ngati malo okhala okha cholengedwa chimodzi - mngelo. Ngati wolamulira wina aliyense akaganiza zoyang'ana kuno, adzathamangitsidwa mwamanyazi: tenga nyumba yako yachifumu, palibe chomwe chingalowe m'makomo a anthu ena! Koma mitu yomwe idatsegulidwa pano - ikuyenera kuwonetsa kuyamikira chifukwa cha chovala chowala cha wolamulira.

Kodi mfumu imawoneka bwanji? Akalonga achichepere amakhala okhutira ndi mitundu yosalala koma yabwino: yoyera ndi ya buluu yokhala ndi mabwalo ozungulira ndi mikwingwirima yakuda. Eya, mtundu umasankhidwa ndi kukoma.

Mngelo wachinyamata wachifumu

Ana a whitefish nthawi zambiri amakhala achikuda kuposa akuluakulu. Kusiyanako kwa maonekedwe ndi kokulirapo kwakuti achinyamata anali m'mbuyomu omwe adawonekeranso mitundu ina.

Mngelo wamkulu wa mfumu

Ndipo pokhapokha atalandira mphamvu ndikukwera pampando wachifumu, amadzilola okha ndi zovala zapamwamba kwambiri: chovala cha mikwaso 25 yofiyira ya chikasu cha lalanje, choponyedwa pamwambapa. Mafumu sakulandirira korona, amakonda chipewa chobiriwira cha emerald.

Mtundu wamtambo umayikidwa ku "nkhope", kuwonetsa malo apamwamba: kusinthana mabwalo achikaso ndi mabuluu ndi mizere kuzungulira maso.

Angelo achifumu munyanja

Tsoka ilo, kwa anthu mtundu wowoneka bwinowu suwapanga chithunzi chabwino. Anthu okhala kuzilumba za Indian ndi Pacific Oceans salemekeza olamulira chifukwa cha kukongola kwawo kwapadera, koma amawagwira. kudya. Anthu odziwa kunena kuti kukoma kwa nyama ya nsomba izi ndiwoposa chilichonse padziko lapansi. Inde, chifukwa chachikulu chowateteza.

Kuphatikiza apo, mngelo wa imperi ndi mtundu wotchuka kwambiri m'madzi am'madzi, chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri umagwidwa munyama ndi kutumizidwa kumsika wapadziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa chiwerengero chake, chomwe chiri kale ndi kachulukidwe kochepa.

Kuphatikiza pa mitundu yowala, nsomba zamkati mwa angelo zimasiyanitsidwa ndi physique lathyathyathya ndi msana wapamwamba. Chikhalidwe cha banja ili ndi lamphamvu lam'mbuyo, lomwe limakhala kumbuyo kwa mapiko ndipo limasiyana ndi utoto kuzungulira thupi lonse.

Angelo a Lyrebird Lamarck (Genicanthus lamarcki)

Angelo ali ndi njira zingapo zopatsa thanzi. Ena mwa iwo ndi ochulukirapo ndipo chakudya chake ndi phale lalikulu kuchokera ku algae kupita ku nyama zazing'ono. Ena amadya masiponji ndi zomera zokha.

Oimira genus Apolemichthys (Apolemichthys) amangodyera masiponji, ma lyrebird angelfish (Genicanthus) ku zooplankton, ndi mbalame yafish (Centropyge) yamtunda.

Nayi mitundu ina yowoneka bwino kwambiri ya nsomba zamngelo:

Mitundu iwiri ya Centropig (Centropyge bicolor). Amadyetsa ma plankton, nyongolotsi, zing'onozing'ono zamtundu wamtchire ndi algae.

Mngelo mosi waku buluu
(Centropyge debelius). Imodzi mwa mitundu yocheperako kwambiri
nsomba za angelo: nthawi zina anthu ochepa okha
adachoka pachilumba cha Mauritius.

Hetodontoplus (Chaetodontoplus Conspicillatus).

Green Isabelite kapena Green Kachama (Holacanthus ciliaris) kapena Mfumukazi Angel

Angelo a Emerald (Pomacanthus
chrysurus). Chimakhala pamiyala yakuya kuchokera pa 1 mpaka 25 mita kulowa
kumadzulo kwa Indian Ocean, kuphatikiza Comoros ndi Seychelles
Zilumba ndi Madagascar.

Osati angelo okha, komanso ziwanda zimapezeka munyanja , zomwe mawonekedwe awo ndi zina zambiri zimayeretsa dzina lawo. Ndizokhudza mawonekedwe oyipa nsomba zamkati omwe adasefukira madzi kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi ndikufalikira m'lifupi: tili nawo, kumpoto kwa Nyanja ya Barents ndi kumwera, Mukuda.

Mu nsomba yayikuluyi, gawo lalikulu la thupi limakhala ndi mutu ndi pakamwa lalikulu loyipa, wokhala ndi mano ataliitali komanso lakuthwa. Pamutu ndodo ya usodzi , ndipo pamapeto pake chimakhala ngati nyambo. Ndodo ya usodzi imasunthira mbali ndi mbali, "zovina" nyambo.

Kuwerengetsa komwe nsomba zina zimafuna kuziwona bwino, kuti kumangosungunuka ndi malovu, ndipo kumalowa mkamwa mwaing'anga wamkamwa

European anglerfish kapena European
monkfish (Lophius piscatorius). Kutalika kwa thupi - mpaka 2 mita, nthawi zambiri 1-1.5
mita. Kulemera kwambiri kwa thupi ndi 57.7 kg. Mbali zonse ziwiri zamutu,
m'mphepete mwa nsagwada ndi milomo imakhala ndi ulusi wopota wamadzi ukusuntha m'madzi,
ngati algae, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale pansi pamtunda

Chingwe cha nyanja sichisowa ngakhale kusambira, chimagona pansi ndikuyembekezera nyama. Onjezerani izi khungu losavala ndi mphonje zonyansa, ndikujambulitsa ndodo yosodza.

Ndipo mdierekezi sasamala kuti akabisala. Imatha kukhazikika pamtunda wamamita mazana awiri ndi mazana awiri. Ndipo imatha kumira m'madzi "pansi" kwambiri, pomwe nthawi zonse mumakhala mumdima ndipo kupanga ndikudzaza. Pokhapokha pali nyambo kuwala apo ayi nsomba sangazindikire. Mdierekezi akathetsa njala yake, amaponya bulb: pomwe saafunikira.

Dongosolo la anglerfish lagawidwa m'magawo atatu ndi mabanja 18, pafupifupi 66 genera ndi mitundu 323. Makina ena owoneka bwino amakula.

Adierekezi amakhala ndi ndodo zosiyanasiyana za usodzi. Pali zazitali - kutalikirana kanayi kuposa momwe zimayendera payokha. Mlenje amasunthira pang'ono pang'ono kupita naye kwa iye, "pang'onopang'ono" amasuntha pang'onopang'ono pafupi, ndipo palibe ndodo yophera nsomba, pakamwa pokha pakatseguka.

Ziwanda zili ndi miyambo yachilendo. Mwachitsanzo, nsomba ndi zazimayi zokha. Ndipo amuna - ang'ono ndi amaso akulu - yayitali komanso yolimba amayang'ana wosankhidwa wawo. Mupezeni ndi fungo. Ndipo m'mene amachipeza, amadzikhomera m'mano mwake ndikukhalabe ndi tiziromboti, kuyamwa madzi onse ochokera kwa "mkazi".

Nsomba zachi warty cha ku Tahiti
(Antennarius striatus) kuchokera ku banja la Clownfish
Kutalika kwa nsombayi ndi masentimita 18 mpaka 22. Msonga wa ndodo (njira ya ray yakunja
dorsal fin, kapena esca) ali ndi njira ziwiri mpaka ziwiri za
kukopa nyama.

"Bango" posachedwa limafa nsagwada, matumbo ngakhale maso. Ndipo adamufuniranji, chifukwa tsopano si nsomba yodziimira payekha, koma gawo la thupi la mkazi wake. Ndipo amayenera 'kuwedza' nsomba kuti adyetse okha ndikutsatira.

Ndi ana mdierekezi amachita zomwezo popanda chikondi chachikulu. Imamera, ndipo imayenda pang'onopang'ono pamwamba pamadzi, pomwe imayamba kugwiridwa ndi aliyense. Amayi sasamala: amphamvu kwambiri adzapulumuka, yemwe ndiye woyenera kulandira ulemu kwa chingwe chenicheni cha nyanja.

Komabe, pali mazira ambiri, kuchokera pa timabowo tating'onoting'ono totsalira. Amadya chilichonse mosiyanasiyana, kunenepa, kukula, kudzipangira ndodo zodzigwirira nsomba, kenako nkuyamba kumira m'mphompho, kuti, atagona pansi, ayambe kuwedza mochenjera ndi nyambo, kudzaza m'mimba zawo kwambiri ndikubala enawo adyera.

Wofanana-kapena kunyanja kwakuya (Ceratioidea) amakhala m'malo amadzi akuya kwakunyanja, akuya kwa 1500-3000 m.

Panama Photocorynus (Photocorynus
malovu). Wamkazi ndi wamwamuna yaying'ono womata kumbuyo kwake. Pomwe
zazimayi zikafika kutalika kwa 5 mpaka 6.9 cm, zazing'ono zazimuna zimafika
kutalika kumayambira 6 mpaka 9 mm.

Monga zida zina zakuya panyanja, zithunzi za ku Panamani zimakopa nyama nazo bioluminescence . Akazi okhwima amadikirira modekha mosasunthika mpaka agwidwe atakopeka ndi nyambo yowala.

Nsomba zina zakuzama nthawi zambiri zimadyedwa. Chifukwa cha nsagwada yosunthika, nyama yodyedwayo imameza yonse. Mimba ya akazi imakhala yotambasuka, chifukwa chomwe amatha kumeza nyama zomwe zimaposa kukula kwake.

Batfish (Ogcocephalidae) - banja la nsomba zokhala ndi zowongolera kuchokera kumayendedwe angalo. Anagawidwa kwambiri, kupatula ku Nyanja ya Mediterranean. Amakhala munyanja zam'madzi zotentha, pansi, nthawi zambiri pamtunda wa 100 m.

Gulu la Darwin (Ogcocephalus darwini) limakhala m'mphepete mwa Zilumba za Galapagos pakuya mamita 30 kapena kupitilira. Chizindikiro cha nsomba ndi milomo yofiira kwambiri. Matumba a Darwin amasambira moyipa, pogwiritsa ntchito zipsepse zake zopota kuti azitha kuyenda pansi pa nyanja

Kutalika kwa ndodo (Gigantactinidae)

Anglerfish Chaunacidae

Ceratium angler
(Ceratiidae). Nsomba izi zimakhala ndi maso ochepa kwambiri, mwina atayika
ntchito. Pakamwa pamawoneka pafupifupi

Angelfish - banja la nsomba zam'madzi otentha kuchokera ku Perciformes. Osasokoneza angelfish ndi angelfish - mtundu wapadera wa shark womwe sugwirizana. Mwadongosolo, nsomba za gulugufe, zomwe zimakhala ndizofanana kwambiri ndi zakunja, zimakhala pafupi kwambiri ndi nsomba za angelo. M'mbuyomu, adaphatikizidwa mpaka banja limodzi. Pakadali pano, mitundu 85 ya nsomba za mngelo imadziwika.

Green Kachama (Holacanthus ciliaris).

Poyerekeza ndi nsomba za gulugufe, nsomba za angel ndi zokulirapo: kutalika kwawo ndi 20-30 cm, koma mitundu yake ndi yayitali masentimita 60, mamembala ang'ono kwambiri am'banjali ndi kutalika kwa 12-15 cm. mchirawo umafupikitsidwa, ndikupangitsa thupi kuwoneka ngati wammbali. Kunja kwa chivundikiro cha gill pali choboola chakuthwa choyang'ana kumbuyo. Zipsepse za mchenga zimalozedwa, zipsepse zamkati zimasunthira kutsogolo ndikuyikidwa pansi pa pectoral, zipsepse zamkati ndi ma anal zimakhala zazikulu. Mtundu wa nsombazi ndi wowala kwambiri, kuphatikiza mitundu kapena mitambo ya buluu, buluu, chikasu, lalanje ndi wakuda. Angelfish imadziwika ndi kusiyana kwakukulu mu mtundu wa nsomba zazing'ono komanso zazikulu, ndizokulira kwambiri kotero kuti poyamba nsomba zazing'ono komanso zazikulu zimatchulidwa ngati mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Wamng'ono wachi french nsomba (Pomacanthus paru).

Kusiyana kumeneku kuli ndi tanthauzo lachilengedwe, popeza kuti nsomba zam'mlengalenga zimateteza gawo lawo kwa anthu anzawo, kuwazindikira ndi mtundu wawo. Nthawi yomweyo, nsomba zazing'ono zimatha kusambira m'dera la achikulire, "osadziwika".

Ndipo iyi ndi nsomba yayikulu yaku France.

Angelfish ndi thermophilic ndipo amangopezeka kokha kumalo otentha. Anthu onse m'banjamo amakhala m'madzi am'madzi akuya (mpaka 50 m). Nsomba za Angelfish zimakhala m'malo osakhalitsa m'madzi opanda matanthwe a pansi pamadzi, omwe m'malire ake amatetezedwa. Izi nsomba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku - masana amafunafuna chakudya, ndipo usiku amagona m'malo obisika. Amasungidwa awiriawiri kapena magulu ang'onoang'ono a anthu atatu kapena atatu. Mwambiri, kutentha kwa nsomba izi kumakhala bata ndipo kumachita manyazi pang'ono; mukakumana ndi anthu osiyanasiyana, sikuwonetsa chidwi, koma samachita mantha kwambiri.

Angelo amadya zakudya zosiyanasiyana kuchokera ku algae kupita ku invertebrates yaying'ono. Komabe, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsomba zamngelo imakhala yamtundu umodzi wa chakudya. Mwachitsanzo, oimira genus Centropyge amadya algae wopukutira, mitundu kuchokera kumtundu wa genicanthus omwe amadya ku zooplankon, mitundu ina yambiri imadya masiponji, bryozoans, hydroids, ndi envertebrates ena okhala. Ma poizoni omwe amapha tinyama timene timadyedwa nthawi zambiri amadziunjika m'misempha ya nsomba, chifukwa chake, milandu yokhala ndi poizoni wa nyama ya angelo imadziwika.

Royal Angel Fish (Pygoplites diacanthus).

Kubadwanso kwa nsomba za angelo kumakhala ndi zake. Mwa mitundu ina, zazimuna ndi zazikazi zimapanga awiriawiri, zina - zazikazi zapadera zazimuna zazimuna ndi zazikazi zingapo. Mawonekedwe a horoni ya nyama amatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera nyengo yakukhala. Chifukwa chake, wamwamuna akamwalira m'nyumba, ndiye kuti m'modzi mwa akazi amatenga matenda am'madzi ndipo amadzakhala wamwamuna! Pambuyo pake, nsomba zimapitilirabe kukhala kuti palibe chinachitika. Angelfish amasesa mazira a pelagic omwe amayandama momasuka m'mphepete mwa madzi. Khola la nsomba limakonda kudyedwa ndi nyama zolusa ndipo ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino za matabwa oyandikira. Ana a nsomba izi amadutsa mkombero wotukuka womwe umakhudzana ndikusintha kwamtundu.

Ringed angel fish (Pomacanthus annularis).

Angelezi ndi okhala m'matanthwe ndipo nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa muzakudya za nyama zomwe zimadyedwa. Anthu amathanso kusodza nsomba'zi. Nyama ya mngelo nsomba ndi yokoma, ndipo ndikulu kuposa nsomba zazing'ono zazing'onozing'ono zazikulu. Agwire pogwiritsa ntchito misampha ya pansi kapena kuwombera mfuti yapansi pamadzi. Kuphatikiza pazolinga zakumaso, nsomba za mngelo nthawi zambiri zimagwidwa chifukwa chamadzi am'madzi. Zowona, zilibe malo okhala m'mizinda, ndizokulirapo komanso zovuta kuzisamalira, koma nsomba za angelfish zimakonda kukhala alendo okhala m'madzi am'madzi.

Nsomba za Angelo a Imperial (Pomacanthus infator).

Nsomba yokongola komanso yokongola imatha kukhala chokongoletsera chabwino cha chinyumba chachikulu cham'madzi. Ndi mitundu yake yowoneka bwino ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokhala ndi neon mitundu yodziwika ndi nsomba zam'malo otentha, onse am'madzi amtunduwu amakonda izi. Kuphatikiza apo, nsomba zamtunduwu ndizosasamala kwenikweni, kotero kuti ngakhale wokonda kwambiri madzi am'madzi amatha kuthana ndi zomwe apezeka.

Habitat

Nsomba za mngelo zimalowa m'madzi am'madzi kuchokera ku nyanja zotentha. Mwachilengedwe, zimakhala pakati pamiyala yamiyala yamitundu ikuluikulu. Ma subspecies ena amapezeka ngakhale pakuya kwa pafupifupi 60 metres. Angelo amakhala m'madzi am'madzi am'nyanja zitatu - Pacific, Atlantic ndi Indian, komanso nyanja zonse zam'madera otentha komanso otentha.

Ngakhale kuti nsomba za mngelo ndi za banja la nsomba zakutchire, zomwe ndi zilombo zochuluka kwambiri, nsomba izi zimakonda chakudya chosiyanasiyana. Amadyera makamaka ku zooplankton, algae, sponges, ndi invertebrates yaying'ono. M'malo mwake, izi nsomba za mlengalenga ndi omnivores. Amasiyana kwambiri kukula kwake, kutalika kwawo ndi 10-20 cm, koma mitundu ina imatha kukula mpaka 60 cm.

Mngeloyo amakhala ndi mtundu wowala bwino komanso wodabwitsa atafika pamlingo winawake. Ana amakhala ndi yunifolomu komanso yondescript, zomwe zimathandiza kuti nsomba zizipezeka mosavuta. Kusintha kwamtundu kumachitika mwachangu kwambiri. Pafupifupi masabata angapo, nsomba yowoneka bwino imasanduka yokongola mu chovala chowoneka bwino. Ngakhale amakhala m'matanthwe a coral, angelo amapanga magulu akuluakulu, mwachilengedwe amakhala osungulumwa. Magulu amapezeka kuti athe kupanga ndi kuteteza magulu awo, momwe momwe nsomba zimapangira awiriawiri. Amuna amphamvu amatha kukhala ndi gulu laling'ono la akazi 1-3, omwe amawateteza mosamala.

Kunali kusiyanasiyana ndi ukulu wa mtundu wachilengedwe wa mngelo nsomba zomwe zimakopa chidwi cha oyang'anira padziko lonse lapansi kuzungulira icho. Ndipo kuwawona m'malo achilengedwe ndi njira yosangalatsa komanso yosangalatsa.

Mitundu ya nsomba za Angelo

Mitundu ya nsomba za angelo, kapena monga amatchedwanso, nsomba zojambulidwa, ndizokwanira
ambiri - banja lili ndi mitundu 7 ya mitundu ndi mitundu 90:

Zinlemykhta
Ma Hetodontops
Centropigi
Lalbird
A Isabel
Pomacantes
Ma Pygoplates

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana kwambiri ndiyopangidwa ndi centropigi yaying'ono, yomwe imakhala yayitali masentimita 18-20. Koma mitundu ina ya piquant imakula mukulu ndi 45 komanso ngakhale 60 cm. Ndipo mchipinda cham'madzi chadzakhala chocheperako.

Mikhalidwe ya Aquarium

Monga tanena kale, mngelo nsomba ndi wonyozeka ndipo amathanso kukhala bwino ndi nsomba zamtundu uliwonse zam'madzi. Akamapanga mikhalidwe yoyenera kubereka, amasamalira bwino ana ndipo ali ndi luntha linalake. Ngati pali chakudya chokwanira, ndiye kuti anthu akuluakulu amakhala mwamtendere ndi ana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nsomba zizisungidwa komanso kuswana mu aquarium.

Popeza nsomba zimachokera kunyanja zotentha, kutentha kwa madzi kosalekeza mkati dera 25-28C kwa iwo ndi chofunikira. Kuphatikiza apo, madzi amayenera kukhala ndi Ph m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya 8--8.4. Anthu okhala zachilengedwe zam'matanthwe a coral, amakonda kubisala m'miyala ndikudya zipatso zake. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukufuna kuti nsomba imve bwino - onetsetsani kuti mukusamalira izi. Nsomba zodabwitsa izi zimakhala ndi nthawi yayitali. Pokhala pazabwino komanso zakudya zophatikizika bwino, amatha kusangalatsa kukongola kwawo kwa zaka zosaposa 10-15. Ndipo ngakhale kuyanjanitsidwa mu aquarium yatsopano kumatenga nthawi, koma pambuyo pakusintha nsomba imamva bwino komanso imalumikizana.

Kudyetsa

Nsomba za Angelo ndi cholengedwa chosangalatsa, koma chopatsa chidwi. Chifukwa chake, kumbali imodzi, ndikosavuta kudyetsa, chifukwa nsomba sikukana chakudya chilichonse. Ndipo kumbali ina, pazachilengedwe, pamafunika kupereka zakudya zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimaphatikizapo algae, masiponji ndi ma invertebrates ang'onoang'ono. Pokhapokha nsomba zimatha kukhala ndi lowala bwino komanso kumva bwino.

M'masitolo apadera, mumatha kupeza zakudya zopangidwa ndi nsomba zamtunduwu. Kugula chakudyachi ndichabwino, chifukwa ndichabwino ndipo chili ndizofunikira zonse. Ngati mungaganize zopanga nokha zakudya, onetsetsani kuti mwaphatikizanso masiponji osweka ndi spirulina menyu.

Muyenera kudyetsa nsomba ziwirizi katatu patsiku, kupatsa chakudya chochuluka chomwe anthu okhala m'madzimo amatha kudya nthawi. Zakudya zakunyumba zitha kuphatikizaponso nyama yophwanyika ya musseles achisanu, shrimp, squid, komanso kuwonjezera sipinachi pang'ono.

Mukamadyetsa, samalani ngati chakudya chimapita kwa achichepere komanso oyandikana ndi angelo omwe ali m'madzimo. Nsomba zosusuka nthawi zambiri zimayesa kudya zakudya zambiri pazokha, ndipo anthu ena amatha kumatsalira popanda chakudya. M'madzi othwanima, sangalole kuti nsomba zazing'ono zidye.

Zochitika Pazikhalidwe

M'malo achilengedwe, pamene nsomba ili ndi gawo lalikulu momwe ingagwiritsidwire ntchito, kukondana kwa amuna kumadziwonetsera pakokha pakubala, pamene awiriawiri ndi ana ochepa amapanga. Nthawi yonseyi, anthu omwe si amuna kapena akazi okhaokha sasankhana wina ndi mnzake.

Chilichonse chimachitika mosiyana mosiyana ndi danga lamadzi. Choyamba, ndikufuna kudziwa kuti nsomba zikangolowa mumadzi, ndizowopsa zomwe zidzateteze ufulu wawo m'gawolo. Ena pomacantes amatha kupanga phokoso kwambiri, kuwopa kuthana ndi otsutsana nawo.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndizofananira ndi ma pomacanth omwe ali ovuta kwambiri pakati pa nsomba zamangelo, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti ndi mtundu umodzi wokha wamtunduwu womwe ungakhale mu aquarium. Kwa nsomba iliyonse ya mkulu aliyense, payenera kukhala madzi okwanira 200 malita. Chifukwa chake musanasankhe za nsomba zokongola kwambiri izi, lingalirani ngati ali ndi malo okwanira okhala ndi moyo wabwino.

Mitundu yotchuka ya aquarium

Kwa iwo omwe kwa nthawi yoyamba akufuna kupha zodabwitsa za mngelo mu nsomba zawo, pansipa pali mndandanda wawung'ono kwambiri wamitundu yonse yosavomerezeka malinga ndi momwe amamangidwira:

Awa ndi mitundu ingapo ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsomba za mngelo. Iliyonse yaiwo ndi yapadera komanso yabwino munjira yake, ndipo ngati mutatenga udindo pakusankha wokhala watsopano m'madzi ndikumaganizira zofunikira zonse, ndiye kuti imakusangalatsani ndi mtundu wake wowala ndi chisomo chapadera kwanthawi yayitali.

Asayansi padziko lonse lapansi amaganiza kuti nsomba zam'madzi ndizokongola muufumu wapansi pamadzi, chifukwa ndi ochepa nsomba omwe ali ndi mitundu yapadera. Pali mitundu ingapo ya utoto wa zolengedwa izi, ndipo nthawi zina amatha kudzipanga ngati nsomba zamgulugufe.

Mngelo nsomba ndi woimira dongosolo lamagulu ndi banja la nsomba zam'madzi zam'madzi. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, mawonekedwe a nsomba za mngelo ndi mtundu wowala kwambiri komanso wosiyana ndi thupi lonse. Kuphatikiza apo, zolengedwa izi zimakhala ndi msana wamphamvu m'munsi m'matumbo, komwe zimayendetsedwa kumbuyo. Nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mtundu wake, wosiyana ndi waukulu. Banja la nsombazi pano liphatikiza mitundu 9 ya mitundu ndi mitundu 74.

Kutalika kwake, nsomba za mngelo zimatha kufika 60 cm, koma pali zochepa zazing'ono pakati pawo. Mwachitsanzo, woyimira wocheperako wa banja la nsomba zapaderazi ndi dzina lotchedwa centropig. Kutalika kwa thupi lake sikoposa masentimita 10. Ichthyologists amadziwa kuti ndizosavuta kuzindikira achinyamata amtunduwu wa nsomba nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa ali ndi utoto wosiyana ndi akuluakulu. Kuphatikiza apo, kusiyana kumeneku kuli kwodziwikiratu kwakuti kwa nthawi yayitali iwo adanena kuti anyamatawa ndi amtundu wina wa nsomba.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti kusiyana kotereku sikungokhala kubisa kwa achibale achikulire omwe akuchita ukali: chifukwa chofanana ndi anzawo achikulire, nyama zazing'ono zimatha kupezeka m'malo awo. Pofika zaka ziwiri, ana am'madzi am'mawa amakhala ofanana ndi abale awo achikulire. Zowona zake, pamsika uwu iwonso amakula. Inali panthawiyi pomwe amayamba maulendo awo, ndikupanga "mabanja" awo.

Khalidwe la nsomba la angelo

Mngelo nsomba amakhala m'madzi otentha a Pacific, Atlantic ndi Indian Ocean. Malo omwe amakonda kwambiri ndi madzi a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi malo am'matanthwe a coral pamalo osiyana kwambiri (kuyambira 3 mpaka 60 m). Nsomba za Angele zimadya zakudya zosiyana kwambiri: zonse zazing'ono zam'madzi ndi algae. Omnivores ndi masamba obadwa nawo nthawi zambiri amapezeka.

Pakati pa angelfish, mutha kupeza zolemba ndi pakamwa zazikulu zomwe zimafunikira thanzi labwino: nsomba, zomwe zimayandama pamwamba pa matanthwe, zimayamwa chakudya pakamwa pawo, ngati chotsukira. Khalidwe la mngelo nsomba likugwirizana ndi abale ake. Izi ndi zolengedwa zomwe malo ake ndi ofunika kwambiri.

Ichthyologists akuwona kuti nthumwi za nsomba zodziwikiratu zamtunduwu ndizodziwika bwino kwambiri mwa mitundu: nsomba zazikulu zomwe zimakhala m'magawo a milo miliyoni, ndipo anthu otalikirana amatha kudalira koloni imodzi.

Angelezi ndi zolengedwa zodziwika bwino zopanga "banja" lalitali. Nthawi zina, amatha kupanga timagulu tating'ono tomwe timakhala ndi akazi asanu ndi amuna amodzi. Onse "akazi" ndi "mabanja" akhoza kukhala moyo wawo wonse. Monga lamulo, nsomba izi zimateteza mwamphamvu ulemu wa "banja" lawo, kuteteza gawo lawo mwachangu.

Nsomba za Angelo ndi dzina labwino kwambiri komanso labwino kwa nsomba. Ndipo nsomba yomwe ili yokha ndi yokongola komanso yokongola, ngakhale imakonda kukhala pamithunzi nthawi zonse, kukongola kwake nkovuta kuzindikira komanso kusayamikira.

Imatha kuzindikirika mosavuta ndi thupi lake lathyathyathya, lowala bwino lomwe lili ndi mikwingwirima yayikulu. Pafupifupi, kukula kwa nsomba zamtunduwu kumasintha masentimita 12 mpaka 60. Maonekedwe a nsomba yake imapangitsa mngeloyo kuti azikhala wofanana.

Pamwambapa, ali ndi kangaude wowongoka komanso wowongolera kumbuyo. Maonekedwe ake ndi okongola, koma izi sizitanthauza kuti ndi wochezeka. Nsomba za mngelo imasankha kusungulumwa komanso kusungulumwa. Ngati pali mnzake wa mnzake, ndiye kuti amakhalabe naye mpaka kumapeto kwa masiku ake.

Zojambula ndi malo okhala ndi angelo

Malo otentha kwambiri am'madzi onse padziko lapansi pano ndi malo omwe mbalame za angelfish zimakonda. Madzi a Atlantic, Indian ndi Pacific Oceans nthawi zambiri amabisala kukongola uku. Mathanthwe a Coral ndi zigwa za buluu ndi malo omwe amakonda kwambiri nsomba za angelo.

Nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'madzi am'madzi. Mtsinje wa Amazon ku South America uli ndi mitundu ingapo ya nsomba. Komabe, sikofunikira kuti mupite kukawaona, ndikokwanira kuchezera malo ogulitsa nyama, nsomba zoterezi ndizodziwika kwambiri, motero chifukwa chofunikira.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya nsomba zaangeloi okhala ndi mitundu ndi mitundu yayikulu. Pali ena omwe kamwa limafika pachikulupo. Akuyenda pamatalala, amatsegula pakamwa pawo ndikuyamwa.

Mngelo nsomba imafotokoza kukongola kwake konse ndi kusapambana konse. Mutha kuwona zodabwitsazi kosatha, zonse m'chithunzicho. Kulamula mngelo wa nsomba kumabweretsa mtendere komanso chisangalalo m'moyo wa munthu.

Khalidwe ndi moyo wa mngelo wa nsomba

Poyerekeza ndi abale awo, angelo nthawi zina amachita zinthu mwankhanza. Amakhala m'magulu awiriawiri, nthawi zina zimachitika kuti wina wamwamuna ali ndi akazi awiri, izi ndi za iwo munthawi yoyenera.

Ali ndi malire omveka bwino omwe amuna amayang'anira. Pakachitika ngozi, amapanga phokoso lalikulu. Kusuntha kwa nsomba ndikwakhalidwe komanso kwachilendo. Pakachitika ngozi, nsomba zitha kusankhidwa m'sukulu m'mapanga ang'onoang'ono.

Vutoli likapitilizabe, mkwiyo wawo umawonjezereka ndipo amayamba kupanga mawu omveka awa omwe amatha kumveka patali. Monga lamulo, mawu oterowo nthawi zambiri amawawopseza omwe angathe kukhala adani.

Mkulu wa nsomba za Drakopera - wokongola wokhala m'madzi otentha. Koma uwu ndi mtundu wanthano wa nsomba za angelo zomwe zimatha kupezeka m'masewera apakompyuta. Nsomba za Angelfish nthawi zina amasokonezeka chifukwa cha dzina lofanana ndi mngelo wa nsomba.

Koma ngati mukuyang'ana chithunzi cha mngelo nsomba ndikufanizira ndi mngelo wa nyanja, ndiye kuti chisokonezo chochulukirapo sichidzabuka chifukwa chosiyana kwambiri wina ndi mnzake. Tikudziwa kale nsomba zamawangelo zimawoneka bwanji .

Uku ndikuwoneka kodabwitsa komwe mitundu yake yonse imakondwerera. Ngati mungayang'ane ndi mngelo wapanyanja, mutha kuyiwala za zenizeni kwakanthawi, kufikira momwe izi zikuwonekera bwino komanso zopanda pake.

Banja la nsomba za angelo mngelo nsomba zomwe zimakondweretsa ndi kukongola kwake ndi kukongola kwake. Amasiyana ndi nsomba zina zonse mumtundu wake wowoneka bwino wobiriwira, wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yoyera ndi yakuda. Mtunduwu umapatsanso nsomba kukhala mphamvu zazikulu komanso chisa.

Asayansi padziko lonse lapansi amaganiza kuti nsomba zam'madzi wamanyazi komanso wosagwirizana. M'malo mwake, momwe ziliri, amasungidwa ndipo amadana ndi china chatsopano komanso chachilendo m'moyo wawo.

Nsomba zanjala zimakhala m'malo otentha, m'madzi ofunda osaya kapena pafupi ndi miyala yamiyala. Koma ambiri aiwo amatha kuwoneka m'misika yam'madzi ndi m'malo ogulitsa nyama. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazodziwika kwambiri nsomba zam'madzi.

Mafuta a nsomba a Aquarium nawonso adadzipatula, kuyesera kusambira kutali ndi anthu ena okhala m'madzimo. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti malo osambira momwe angelo nsomba amakhalamo ndi ochuluka. Akakhala ndi mwayi wochepa, mwina akhoza kuukira anzawo.

Palinso mitundu ina yosangalatsa ya angelo - nsomba ya m'phanga. Ndi wakhungu, koma mwayi wake ndikuti amatha kuyendayenda mosavuta ngati cholengedwa chamiyendo inayi.

Wojambulidwa ndi nsomba yam'mapanga

Amatha kukwera ndi mathithi amadzi. Pelvis ndi msana wa nsombayi zimapangidwa kuti, mosasamala ndi mphamvu yokoka, imasunga thupi mosavuta. Malo okhala nsomba za kuphanga ndi mapanga amdima a Thailand.

Chakudya cha angelo

Zakudya za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsomba za angelo ndizosiyana. Mwa mitundu ina ya nsombazi palibe zoletsa kudya, ndizosowa ndipo zimatha kuyamwa osati algae, komanso maollamu ochepa komanso ngakhale jellyfish. Ena samadya chilichonse kupatula ma korali kapena masiponji.Enanso amakonda zitsamba zokhazokha.

Kuchulukitsa komanso moyo wautali wa mngelo wa nsomba

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, angelo amapanga awiriawiri, koma nthawi zina pomwe akazi angapo amakhala ndi amuna amodzi. Mwamuna akamwalira mwadzidzidzi nthawi zina, ndiye kuti imodzi yachikaziyo imakhala yaimuna.

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu za nsomba za angelo. Ma caviar awo amayandama momasuka m'madzi. Zambiri zimatha kudyedwa ndi nsomba zomwe zimadyedwa. Chifukwa chake, mngeloyo amayesa kubzala nsomba m'malo akutali. Chiyembekezo cha moyo wawo ndi pafupifupi zaka 8.

Mbedza za nsomba ndikotheka, m'madzi abwino komanso amchere, nthawi zambiri pafupi ndi miyala yamiyala. Mkulu wa nsomba zam'madzi ndizosatheka kuwona momwe amakonda kukhala awiriawiri.

Mtengo wa mngelo wa nsomba zovomerezeka Chifukwa chake aliyense wokonda nsomba amatha kugula kukongola uku. Musanagule, muyenera kudziwa kuti mu aquarium, kulimbana kwa gawo kumatha kuyamba. Izi zimachitika ngakhale pakati pa nsomba zamtendere kwambiri.

Chisamaliro cha nsomba wokhala ndi zinsinsi zina. Chofunika koposa, nsomba zam'madzi ziyenera kukhala ndi malo owoneka bwino ochokera kuzomera zomwe zimatha kukhala ngati nsomba kwa nsomba izi.

Zothandiza pamenepa, ndi "miyala yamoyo." M'matanthwe ndi m'mapanga, nsomba zimabisidwa kwa miyala yotere. Onani kutentha kwamadzi. Payenera kukhala madigiri 22-25. Komanso madzi amayenera kukhala amchere.

Kusintha kulikonse kwamakhalidwe amadzi nthawi yomweyo kumamveka ndi mngelo nsomba. Ndikosayenera kwambiri kumasula nsomba kuti zizisunga mu aquarium yomwe yangoyamba kumene. M'malo otere, chizindikiro cha madzi am'nyanja sichinadziwikebe bwinobwino, koma chadzaza ndi ma nitrate, ma phosphates ndi ena oimira mankhwala omwe angakhudze mkhalidwewo ndi nsomba.

Ndikofunikira kusintha 25% ya madzi theka lililonse la mwezi. Payenera kukhala mpweya wabwino mu aquarium, koma nthawi yomweyo osati kuthamanga kwamphamvu kwamadzi. Zoyenera kusunga nsomba zam'madzi mnyumba yakunyumba azikhala angwiro. Pokhapokha ngati izi zitakula komanso kuchuluka bwino.

Kufotokozera ndi malo okhala

Mitundu yoposa 85 ya nsomba za angelfish kapena nsomba zowoneka bwino zimakhala m'madzi am'madzi akuya. Zambiri mwa izo zimapezeka ku Indian ndi Pacific Oceans. Anthu ena amakhala ku South America Amazon. Ma pomacantes ndi amodzi a dongosolo la perciform (banja la nsomba zam'madzi zam'madzi). Mutha kuwasiyanitsa ndi nthomba yamphamvu m'munsi mwa gill ndi mawonekedwe amakumbidwe a thupi, omwe amamangiriridwa nawo ndi mphumi komanso mchira wofupikitsa.

Chikhalidwe cha angelo ndi zokongoletsa zokongola kwambiri . Chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanayi, nsomba za angelo zimawoneka zokongola mopanda tanthauzo, ndichifukwa chake adakhala ndi dzina lotere. Ali ndi zokongoletsera zofiira, buluu, ndimu, lalanje, emarodi, mitundu yakuda, kupanga zokongoletsera kuchokera m'malo osiyanasiyana, zokutira ndi mizere yolunjika ndi mikwingwirima. Achinyamata ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosiyanitsa mitundu. Popita nthawi, mitundu yawo imasintha ndipo imakhala yotentha.

Pomacanthus ali ndi mitundu komanso kukula kwake. Pali nsomba zazing'ono - 12-15 cm, ndipo ena akuluakulu amafika 60 cm.

Mitundu ya nsomba za angelo imakhala ndi kukula kwakukulu, kuchokera kochepa mpaka kwakukulu

Asodzi achikulire amakonda kukhala m'malo okhala pafupi ndi miyala yamiyala yam'madzi ndipo amateteza mwansanga malo awo kuti achibale awo asawaukire. Ndiwodalirika kwa ena okhala munyanja yakuya, ndipo kukula kwachinyamata kumasambira molimba mtima kumalo osaloledwa, osadziwika chifukwa cha mtundu wowoneka bwino.

Amphongo okongola panyanja amapanga maanja kapena akazi a akazi angapo ndi amuna amphongo omwe akhala zaka zambiri. Mkulu akakhala wamkulu, malo omwe amadzilamulira okha, ndipo ang'onoang'ono amakhutira ndi kolala imodzi.

Chiwerengero cha nsomba zam'madzi zakutchire chikuchepa chifukwa cha nyama yawo komanso mawonekedwe ake okongola

Pomakants amakhala ndi moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo usiku amakwera m'malo obisika ndikugona tulo. Mukakumana ndi okonda kulowa m'madzi, sachita mantha, komanso sawonetsa chidwi. Chifukwa cha nyama yokoma nthawi zambiri amasakidwa, ndipo chifukwa cha kukongola kwawo amagwidwa ndimadzi am'madzi, omwe amachepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwawo.

Zofunikira

Pactanttenous pomacant imakhala limodzi ndi mitundu yambiri ya nsomba zam'madzi. Mukapanga malo oyenera oti azisungirako komanso kudyetsa, amamva bwino, ayambe kubereka ndipo azitha kukhala ndi moyo zaka 10-15. Zofunikira pamoyo wam'madzi:

malo okwanira malita 250,
kutentha kwamadzi nthawi zonse - 25-28 ° C,
pH yoyenera yamadzi ndi 8.1-8.4,
kupezeka kwa kosefera, kulekanitsa thobvu ndi kupatsa mphamvu,
kuchuluka kwa ma nitrites, nitrate ndi ammonia,
kuphatikiza kwa kuwunikira kwakale ndi kwachilengedwe,
kukonzanso madzi osachepera 20% sabata iliyonse.

Nsomba za Angelo zimadziwa momwe madzi amapangidwira, choncho muyenera kuwunika mosamala.

Pofuna kutonthoza, angelo amafunika miyala, mchenga, m'mapanga ang'ono, labyrinths, mbewu zambiri zam'madzi mu dziwe.

Zakudya zosiyanasiyana

Amadyetsa wakufayo mpaka kanayi patsiku m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Pazakudya zakunyumba, muyenera kuphatikiza nyama ya shirimpu, squid, mussels, kuwonjezera spirulina ndi masiponji, sipinachi pang'ono kapena nandolo. Kunyumba, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti anthu onse ali ndi chakudya chokwanira. Koma sayenera kuchuluka mopitirira muyeso. M'masitolo owotchera nyama mumakhala zakudya zopezeka ndi masamba komanso mapuloteni. Zakudya zouma musanadyere ndizofunikira kuti zilowerere.

Kudyetsa nsomba za angelfish, nyama ndi zakudya zabwino ndizabwino.

Matenda a nsomba

Ngati kukongoletsa kwamkati mwa nyanjayo kukayamba kuzimiririka, ndiye kuti mikhalidwe yawo yomangidwa ndi zakudya ziyenera kuunikidwanso. Kusamalidwa bwino komanso chakudya choperewera bwino kumatha kuyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana azisamba:

Kukokoloka kwa Sideline. Kuwonongeka kwa epithelium kumachitika mpaka kuphatikiza mutu, chifukwa chomwe nsomba imatha kufa.
Cryptocaryonosis Madontho oyera amawoneka pa thupi, chilala chimasowa, mkhalidwe wakupha.
Nsidze. Matenda opatsirana. Maso amakutidwa ndi filimu yoyera ndikukula kukula. Nsomba yodwala imachita khungu.

Kanemayu amakamba za mngelo mngelo:

Nthawi zonse, matendawa sangayambike ndipo chithandizo chikuyenera kuchitika nthawi yake.

Kuchulukitsa kwa nsomba za mngelo

Angelfish - banja lalikulu la nsomba zamakorali, zopezeka 9 pena mtundu pafupifupi 80. Angelo amakhala m'madzi otentha a ku Atlantic, Pacific ndi Indian Ocean, amakhala makamaka m'mphepete mwa nyanja, pomwe amasungidwa pamatanthwe a coral. Izi nsomba zimangokhala zokhaokha, sizipanga masango akuluakulu. Thupi lawo lokwera kwambiri, lophatikizidwa ndi ziphuphu zokhala ndi ma dinsal ndi ma anal, limawoneka ngati mafuta owirikiza nthawi zonse, ndipo mitundu yokhala ndi zipsepse zokulirapo, imawoneka ngati mphiri. Kutalika kwa nsomba zam'maso kumasiyana kuyambira masentimita 5 mpaka 60, kamwa lawo laling'ono limakhala kumapeto kwa kuzungulira, kapena pang'ono pokha, ndi muzzle. Nsomba za Angelfish zimakhala ndi mtundu wowala komanso wodabwitsa kwambiri, kuphatikiza kodabwitsa kwamitundu yowala: buluu, wofiira, emarodi, lalanje, golide achikasu, ndimu, malasha wakuda ... Ndizosangalatsa kuti mtundu wa pamacanthus wachinyamata sufanana ndi nsomba yayikulu. Kusiyanako ndikokulira kotero kuti achinyamata ndi achikulire omwe amtundu wina wa nsomba zamasamba poyambirira amafotokozedwa ndi asayansi monga mitundu yosiyana. Malinga ndi zizindikilo zambiri, kuphatikiza utoto wowala, nsomba zam'madzi zimafanana ndi nsomba za gulugufe. Kuphatikiza apo, mu kukula kwa angelo, palibe gawo la tolichtis lodziwika ndi nsomba za gulugufe.

Ngakhale kuti ndi angelo, maonekedwe a angelo, sikuti ndi angelo mwachilengedwe. Awiriwo opangidwira amakhala mdera linalake lamatanthwe ndipo amakwiya kwambiri kuwoneka kwa nsomba zina kumeneko, makamaka mitundu yawoyawo komanso yokhudzana nayo.

Ndizachisoni, koma chifukwa cha nyama yokoma ija, nsomba za angelfish zili paliponse zinthu zomwe asodzi am'deralo komanso m'malo ambiri, makamaka kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia, sizachilendo kwenikweni.

Zoyenera kumangidwa

Angelo amafunikira madzi am'madzi kuchokera pamalita 400 okhala ndi kusefa kwamphamvu ndi mawonekedwe aeration. Nsomba izi zimazindikira magawo amadzi ndipo ndizovuta kuzisamalira. Sayenera kukhala aquarium. Mikhalidwe yoyenera kwa iwo ndi iyi: kutentha + 24 ... + 26 madigiri, acidity pH 8.1-8.4, sality 1.020-1.025.

Mukukhala m'madzi, muyenera malo othawirako komanso malo omasambira a nsomba zazikuluzi.

Mngelo wooneka ngati mphete (annularis) Pomacanthus annularis

Khalidwe ndi machitidwe mu aquarium

Angelo ndi nsomba zodekha komanso zokoma. Mwachilengedwe, mitundu ya nsombayi imasungidwa ndi banja kapena gulu laling'ono - wamwamuna ndi wamkazi angapo. Pomacanthus amasankha mnzake m'moyo wake ndipo moyo wake wonse mokhudzika amakhalabe wokhulupirika ku "banja". Chifukwa chake, wamwamuna m'magulu akamwalira, mmodzi mwa akazi amatenga malo ake.

Kuchokera kwa ena onse okhala m'madzi am'madzi, zokongola izi zimagwira kumaso. Nthawi zambiri amasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe amtendere, koma, monga kulikonse, pali zosiyana. Mukayamba pomacanthus, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti iyi ndi nsomba ya kumtunda yomwe imayika bwino malire a malo ake. Ngati voliyumu yam'madzi ndi yaying'ono kwa mngelo, sizodabwitsa kuti kukwiya kumadzutsa munthu wodekha. Adzazunza nsomba zina zonse.

M'malo abwino komanso moyenera nsomba, momwe zimakhalira zimasangalatsa kwambiri wopenyerera. Angelo ndi achidwi komanso achangu, amafufuza zopinga zonse panjira yawo, amasambira powonekera, amasewera. Izi nsomba mosasinthika zimakhala zokonda za eni ake - ali ndi nzeru, amaphunzira msanga kuzindikira eni ake.

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Mngelo wokhala ndi mivi

Olga Rusakovich, ndemanga ya mngelo wa malemu atatu (mthenga wa Sinegub)

Mitundu yokongola yowala. Kumangochititsa khungu chikasu. Zikuwoneka bwino kwambiri ngati m'madzi am'madzi muli buluu.

Nsomba zotopetsa kwambiri zomwe ndinayamba ndakhalapo nazo. Kungoyandama mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo. Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito nsomba kuti musaone momwe nsomba zimakhalira, koma monga chithunzi chakumbuyo, ndiye kuti nsombayi ndiyabwino chifukwa chowala komanso kusachita bwino. Ngati machitidwe achisangalalo amabwera poyamba, ndiye kuti si chisankho chanu. Popeza anthu ambiri amayambitsa sitima yapamadzi chifukwa chamitundu yowala, kudzozedwera ndi zikwangwani zomwe nthawi zambiri zimawonetsa gulugufe wosasunthika, izi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri pa gulugufe "wosadziwikayu", chifukwa mtundu wake ndi wofanana ndikuusunga dongosolo la kukula kosavuta kuposa agulugufe.

Oleg, kuwunika kwa mngelo wachinyamata (mwana)

Angelo achifumu. Kumanzere kuli mawonekedwe achikulire, kumanja ndi mwana.

Kudyetsedwa bwino, mwachangu

Miniti: Kukula mwachangu, kudzikuza

Kwambiri nsomba zopanda chidwi, greyhound komanso nsomba zomwe zimakula mwachangu. Koma ochenjera, amakumbukira mwini wake, nthawi yakudya - nthawi yoyandikira m'mawa kupita ku chikhodzodzo kutuluka kugalasi, kutembenuka, ndipo ndi mphamvu yake yonse imatsikira mchira wake pamadzi - kotero kuti mtsinje umayenda kudzera pagalasi yakutsogolo. Amawopseza aliyense wam'madzi, makamaka helimoni. Koma wodekha komanso waulesi, wopitilira 30-50 cm sathamangitsa aliyense.

Milozo Milozo Isanu ndi umodzi (Sextriatus) Pomacanthus sexstriatus

Mitundu ya aquarium pomacanthus

Mngelo wa P. annularis kapena Sinekoltsovaya amasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wokongola komanso wowoneka bwino. Zingwe zokutidwa za mtanda wowala bwino kwambiri pamtambo wa mngelo, mchira wake umakhala woyera buluu wokhala ndi malire amkuwa. Mitundu ya nsomba izi imangowala. Maluso omaliza amaperekedwa kumapeto kwenikweni kwa thupi, ndikupanga mawonekedwe apadera achisomo mu mtunduwu. Amakhala momasuka m'madzi am'nyanja pamtunda wa 23-25 madigiri.
P. Imperator kapena Emperor Angelfish (Emperor pomacanthus) ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yayikulu kwambiri (mpaka 40 cm) yam'madzi. Mikwingwirima yayitali yamtundu wamtali wowala, yokhala ndi mandimu, ndimatsata kumbuyo kwa thupi la nsomba. Mutu wotsekemera wamtengo wapatali umakongoletsedwa ndi chigoba chowoneka chakuda, chotsekera ndi malonje a lalanje chimakhazikitsidwa ndi mikwingwirima yopapatiza ya neon-buluu. Zipsepse ndi zotupa za chikuda zimayera chikasu. Kutentha kwamadzi madigiri 24-26 kumamuyenerera.
Pygoplites diacanthus (mngelo wachifumu) ndi wokongola komanso wamkulu wam'madzi. Kamvekedwe kakakulu ka thupi ndi chikasu kapena lalanje, wachikaso, komanso mikwingwirima yosalala ya buluu, yolowera pakuda. Dorsal fin yakuda imakhala yowoneka bwino komanso yabwinobwino, yokhala ndi utoto wabuluu wamtambo wokongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima yopyapyala ya lalanje. Kutentha kwamadzi: 24-27.
P. zonipectus (Mngelo wa Cortez): pomacanthus ndiwothandiza kwambiri paubwana - wakuda, wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yachikasu ndi yamtambo. Mwa kukhwima, mtunduwu umapeza mtundu wopakidwa bwino komanso wowoneka bwino. Angelo achikulire ku Cortes ndi maolivi achikasu, omwe amakhala ndi mawonekedwe amkuwa, mawonekedwe awo ndiwotupa amtambo komanso mawonekedwe amdima. Kudzera pamutu ndi m'matayala pali mzere wobiriwira wachikasu ndi mitundu yakuda. Amamva bwino pa kutentha kwa madigiri 25-27.
Centropyge eibli kapena mngelo wokhala ndi mitambo yofiirayo ndi woimira pang'ono wamtunduwu. Imakula mpaka masentimita 15-16. Mtundu wake si wowala ngati wa pomacanthus wina, koma ndiwokongola kwambiri: Mikwingwirima yasiliva yofiira ndi ya lalanje imayenda mbali yakumbuyo kwasiliva. Mphepete zamdima zamkati ndi zobiriwira zimakhazikikirana ndi chingwe cha neon-buluu, zipsepse zamakutu ndi thupi lakumaso ndi zachikasu. Kutentha kwamadzi koyenera ndi 25-27.
P. semicirculatus, semicircular kapena mngelo wam'madzi wamatumbo. Nsomba zazing'ono zimapakidwa utoto wonyezimira wamtambo, woyera ndi wakuda. Akuluakulu ali ndi mitundu yachilendo modabwitsa komanso yokongola, ngakhale siyowonjezereka. Thupi la nsomba limapakidwa utoto wonyezimira, womwe umapangika utoto wokongola kwambiri, womwe umatsimikiziridwa ndi mawonekedwe a zipatso zazing'ono, zapafupipafupi. Nsomba yonseyo imazunguliridwa ndi chingwe chowoneka cha buluu m'mphepete, buluu womwewo ngati kuti wamata, matope ake ndi m'mphepete mwa gill. Ku nsonga ya mapiri apamwamba a dorsal ndi chikasu chowala, zipsepse zamtchire ndi zakuda pamunsi ndikusintha kwa mtundu komanso chikaso chowala. Amakonda kutentha kwamoto madigiri 25-27.

Ngati mumagula pamacanthus wachinyamata, kumbukirani kuti mtundu wawo ndi wosiyana kwambiri ndi akuluakulu. Kuti mukhale otsimikiza za mtundu wa chiwetocho, muyenera kudziwa dzina lake lenileni ndi kufotokozera kwa okhwirikayo.

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Cortes Wachinyamata

Chakudya chopatsa thanzi

Blue angelfish imadyera pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chakudya. Ngakhale amakhala mwamtendere, nsomba zimadyetsa, chifukwa chake akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti azibweretsa chakudya chamoyocho muzakudya: mphutsi, nsabwe zamagazi, daphnia kapena corvette.

Kudyetsa nsomba, sikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito tubifex, chifukwa imatha kufalitsa matenda opatsirana omwe angayambitse kufa kwa okhala m'madzimo. Monga chowonjezera chakudya chamoyo, zakudya zouma kapena zophatikiza zimatha kuperekedwa ku scalaria. Malo ogulitsa odzigulitsa amagulitsa zakudya zamitundu yambiri, kuyambira pelletised mpaka granular.

Zodyetsa

Choyambirira, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti Mngelo Wankuluyu amakonda kudya kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kuti muchepetse moyo wa chiweto chanu, muyenera kumapereka zakudya zofunikira nthawi zonse: mwachangu mpaka mwezi uyenera kudyetsedwa maola atatu aliwonse, ndipo kuyambira mwezi ungathe kusinthana ndi chakudya cha 2-3 patsiku, kukonza tsiku losala kudya miyezi itatu iliyonse.

Angelo amakonda kusangalala ndi chakudya chamasamba ndi masamba a algae, komanso chakudya chouma ndichoyenera kudya. Meleki, shrimp, mussels - chithandizo chenicheni cha Mkulu wamkulu.

Chiyambi ndi mafotokozedwe

Nsomba zam'madzi kapena pomacanthus ndi zam'madzi zam'madzi ndipo ndizamtundu wa percform. Ichi ndi chachikulu (mwachilengedwe momwe kukula kwake kumafikira kuposa theka la mita) nsomba zowala.Zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapezeka m'madzi amadzi nthawi zambiri zimakula mpaka 15-30 cm.

Thupi la nsomba ndi lalikulu komanso lathyathyathya, kumbuyo kwake ndikokwera. Chidziwitso chodziwika bwino cha mngelo ndi chinsalu chofunda. Mbali yayikulu ya pomacanthus ndi mtundu wowala mosadabwitsa womwe umayamba kukhala chokongola modabwitsa.

Kudziwika kwa mtundu wa pamacanthus wachichepere ndikosiyana kwambiri ndi achikulire, kwa nthawi yayitali anthu amakhulupirira kuti awa anali mitundu ina. Zojambulidwa bwino kwambiri, ndipo zimachitika kuti kujambula kwa munthu wamkulu sikuwoneka bwino kwambiri monga momwe adakongoletsera ubwana wake.

Angelo ndi nsomba yotentha. A Pomacanthus amakhala kunyanja za Pacific, India ndi Atlantic. Mitundu yomwe imakonda kusamukira kumadzi imakhala ku Amazon (South America).

Kapangidwe ka Aquarium ndi magawo amadzi

Pomacanthus ndi nsomba zam'nyanja, motero amafunikira kwambiri pakapangidwe kake ndi madzi. Kuphatikiza apo, amafunikira gawo lalikulu la aquarium pa moyo wabwinobwino.

Angelo amabzalidwa m'malo osyanasiyana am'madzi am'madzi okwanira 200 malita kapena kupitirira. Koma izi ndizocheperako, zabwinoponso, zambiri, zochulukirapo. Amafuna kutentha kwapakati pa 22 mpaka 28 degrees. Pofuna kuti musalakwitse polamulira kutentha, muyenera kudziwa komwe mngelo wanu amachokera ndikuzindikiritsa zomwe zili pafupi kwambiri ndi chilengedwe chake. Magawo amadzi: pH (kuuma) - 8-8.5, nitrate mpaka 20-22 mg l.

Mkhalidwe wamadzi uyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala - pomacanthus nthawi yomweyo adzachitapo kanthu pakusintha kwake pang'ono. Madzi ogwiritsira ntchito madzi amayenera kuzunguliridwa bwino, madzi azizungulira, ndikumasamalira madera opanda magetsi. Osachepera kamodzi pa milungu iwiri, kotala la madzi limasinthidwa. Aquarium yamadzi amchere iyeneranso kukhala ndi pulogalamu yabwino, yamphamvu ya thovu.

Angelo am'madzi amatengera pansi pa nyanja, chifukwa chake amafunika malo okongola ndi mbewu zomwe zitha kupereka pogona ndikugawaniza pansi pake m'zigawo. Koma ma corals amoyo ndi ma invertebrates ena, mngelo adzawononga nsombazo mwachangu, chifukwa m'chilengedwe amadya masiponji.

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