Ma Chameleon ndi oyimira osangalatsa a kalasi lobwezeretsa, kukula kwawo kumasiyanasiyana kuyambira 3 mpaka 60 sentimita. Zibuluzi za mitengo zimakwera mokongola pazomera ndi mitengo, ndipo zikafuna kusaka, sizingayende kwa maola ambiri. Maso okha ndi omwe amatulutsa ma chameleon: amatha kuzungulira mozungulira ndikupereka mawonekedwe owoneka bwino konse, motero nkosavuta kutsatira zilombo zam'tchire. Mbidzi imagwira nyama ndi lilime lake, ndipo ngakhale kuti imagwira pang'ono, imasinthanso. Tizilombo timene timagwira ku kapu yotsekera ndipo nthawi yomweyo imatuluka mkamwa mwa buluzi.

Kodi ndizotheka kuiwala kuti ma chameleon amatha kusintha mtundu? - ayenera kukhala ndi malowa kwa maselo apadera a khungu lawo. Mu chromatophores (zomwe amatchedwa) pali zofiirira, zofiirira, zachikaso ndi zakuda. Mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zina (mantha, njala, kusaka), khungu limakulirakulira, khungu limapeza mithunzi yosiyanasiyana.

Nthawi zambiri, ndikusintha kwa mtundu, munthu amathanso kuweruza mkhalidwe wamtunduwu: khungu limasanduka lakuda ngati chameleon akuopa kapena kuyesa kugwidwa ndi mantha pa mdani, mawanga amitundu yambiri amawoneka ngati wamwamuna wayamba kusamalira wamkazi. Kuti mumve kutentha, ma chameleon amakhala akuda, ndikuwonetsa kuwala pamawonekedwe - imvi.

Tikufuna kusungitsa nthawi yomweyo: ngati mukukhulupirira kuti kukhala m'nyumba mwanu, chameleon adzakusangalatsani ndi mtundu watsopano theka lililonse la ola - mudzakhumudwitsidwa. Monga lamulo, khungu la nyama yosungirako nyama imasinthana ndi chilengedwe: ndiye kuti ngati chameleon chikakhala pachala, ndiye kuti mtundu wake ndi wonyezimira, osati wamawonekedwe achikasu, monga mungafune. Ngati nyanjayo ili yabwino ndipo palibe chomwe chimawopsa Pet, sangayerekeze kusintha mtundu.

Nthawi zambiri, malo owetera anthu amakhala ndi mitundu itatu ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana: wamba, Yemeni ndi kambuku. Siosankha ndipo safuna chisamaliro chovuta. Mutha kusunga chachikazi ndi chachimuna: Amuna awiri adzamenya nkhondo mpaka kufa ndikugawa gawo. Kukula kopambana kwa malo ojambulirako kumachokera ma malita 150 (50x50x120 cm cm, zimatengera magawo a nyama zapamwamba). Ma Chameleon amakonda kutentha, kutentha kwambiri masana ndi madigiri 30-32, usiku - madigiri 22-24. Malo ophunzirawa amayikidwa kutali ndi zojambula ndi zida zamagetsi m'chipinda cholowa bwino. Pali nyali ziwiri: zowunikira ndi malo osambira "dzuwa". Nyale ya ultraviolet ndi fluorescent (kapena nyali ya incandescent) iyenera kukhala yosatheka, kutalika kwake pafupifupi masentimita 35 mpaka 40 kuchokera pachotseko, apo ayi chonyalacho chidzawotchedwa. "M'nyumba" muyenera kukhala chowongolera kutentha ndi kutentha.

Popeza awa ndi abuluzi wamatanda, zingakhale bwino kubzala mbewu mu terarium ndikuyika nthambi ndi mabatani omwe ziwetozo zimatha kukwera. Sphagnum, vermiculite, udzu wochita kupanga, mchenga wowuma amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinyalala. Chinyezi chimakhala pafupifupi 60%, osachepera kamodzi patsiku, mbewu ndi dothi lonyowa ziyenera kuthiridwa ndi madzi oyera pa kutentha kwa firiji. Masana maola - osachepera maola 12. M'nyengo yotentha, mutha kupita ndi khola kumsewu kapena khonde.

Mpweya wabwino wam'mapirishi uyeneranso kukhala: m'matanki opangidwa ndigalasi kapena pulasitiki yolimba, abuluzi sayenera kusungidwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito mauna achitsulo ndikosafunanso - chameleon imatha kuvulaza zala zake. Njira yabwino ndiyotengera malo okhala ndi mabowo m'makoma ndi kudenga kapena ndi capamwamba pamwamba. Masabata awiri aliwonse mnyumba ya chimbudzi muyenera kuyeretsa kochokera, ndipo wokhalayo sayenera kuikidwa. Sinthani zofunda pafupipafupi, muzitsuka odyetsa ndi mbale zakumwa.

Kodi kudyetsa chameleon kunyumba?

Ma chameleon ang'onoang'ono amapatsidwa chakudya kawiri patsiku, achikulire - tsiku lililonse lililonse. Gawo lamkango lazakudya ndizopatsa nyama: ntchentche, crickets, dzombe, mphutsi, maphemwe otentha, zoobus ndi tizilombo tina. Mutha kupatsanso magawo zipatso (mphesa, apulo, nthochi, zipatso za zipatso), chakudya chomera. Njira yosavuta ndikupereka chomera chokhala ndi ma tweezers: samalani, buluzi amatha kumeza nsonga za opendekera limodzi ndi chakudya ndikuphwanya mano. M'masitolo azinyama mungagule ma tonneu apadera okhala ndi malangizo ofewa. Ngati chimbudzi chatsamira ndi chikho cha kuyamwa kwa opendekera, musayende mwadzidzidzi, lilime lidzadzigwera lokha. Mutha kuyika chakudya pamalo odyetserako (opangidwa ndi galasi kapena pulasitiki, mafuta m'makoma ndi mafuta kuti zopangazo zisathawe).

Ponena za madzi, ma chameleon sangathe kumwa kuchokera pakumwa wamba, ndikwabwino kusankha kukapanda kuleka. Mutha kuphunzitsanso chiweto chanu kumwa kuchokera ku pipette kapena syringe popanda singano. Ziphuphu ndi mame zikunyambita masamba a mbewu, kotero kupopera mafuta nthawi zonse - komanso kusowa kwamadzi sikungawopseze chiweto. Ponena za feteleza wa mchere, amatha kukhala choko, zipolopolo zophwanyika, mavitamini ndi zina zowonjezera JBL, Tetra ndi ena.

Ngakhale mawonekedwe ake okongola, ma chokoleti amasintha mwachangu, phunzirani kukhala m'manja, kudya zakudya zanu, ndikulola kuti zisokonezedwe. Ziweto zoterezi zimakubweretserani mphindi zambiri zosangalatsa, komanso zidzakhala kunyada kwa nyumba yanu.

Kufotokozera ndi zithunzi za mitundu yotchuka

Choyamba, muyenera kudziwa kuti mdziko lapansi muli mitundu mazana awiri osiyana Izi ndizokwawa, koma, mwatsoka, ambiri aiwo amakhala omasuka m'malo azokhazokha, zomwe zimatanthawuza kuti ndi osayenera kuzisunga ngati "ziweto".

Yemeni

Iyi siiri njira yosavuta yosakira nyama zowetedwa, ndipo kukula kwake ndikosangalatsa - abambo amatha kufikira 60 cm Kutalika (zazikazi, komabe, zochepa). Koma zosowa za nyamayo zimangoyang'anitsitsa: mawanga achikasu ndi mikwingwirima yapamwamba ya lalanje-yotuluka pamtondo wowonekera wobiriwira, mchira wamtali wamtali ndipo - koposa zonse! - kwenikweni wachifumu wachifumu pamutu wa wamwamuna. Nthawi zina "korona" wotere amakula mpaka 8 cm. Pa "" msungwana "uyu yemwe amangoyenda pang'ono ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo," msungwanayo "amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi" mwana ".

Mwa njira, akukhulupirira kuti chowongolera cha Yemeni chameleon, momwe chimamvekera bwino: kuchokera kosamalidwa mosasamala komanso kosayenera, nyamazo zimasinthika ndipo zimada.

M'mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, izi zitha kupezeka zigwa ndi m'mphepete mwa Yemen ndi Saudi Arabia. Hawaii ndi American Florida anali nawonso oyenera.

Chinthu chachikulu chomwe muyenera kuganizira posankha chameleon ku Yemeni kukula kwa terarium (zopitilira theka lamitundumitundu zimayenera kuyenda momasuka mmenemo). Chosinthanso china: Amuna a mtundu uwu nthawi zambiri samagwirizana ndipo amatha, makamaka m'malo ochepa, amabweretsa vuto lalikulu kwa wina ndi mnzake. Komabe, pazokha, nyama sizimamvanso bwino ndipo zimasiya kukopa. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukufuna kusilira ma chameleon aku Yemeni muulemerero wake wonse, ndibwino kuti mutenge wamwamuna mmodzi ndi akazi angapo, omwe, popatsidwa kukula kwa nyama imodzi, sayenera kukhala m'nyumba iliyonse.

Kutchuka kwa ma chameleon aku Yemeni kumachitika makamaka chifukwa amabala msanga kwambiri kuposa abale awo. Komabe, mwatsoka, chifukwa cha ubale womwe umakhudzidwa kwambiri (ndizovuta kwambiri kupeza magazi atsopano kuchokera kumalo achilengedwe), ana nthawi zambiri amabadwa onyentchera ndipo samakhala ndi moyo mpaka atakula. Koma pali nkhani yabwino: zolakwika zotere nthawi zambiri zimawonekera m'miyezi itatu yoyambirira ya moyo. Chifukwa chake, buluzi wapitilira nyengo yovutayi, amakhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi moyo wachimwemwe wachikulire (kwa amuna nthawi zina amakhala zaka 8 za moyo).

Chikopa

Kwa oyamba kumene, mtundu wamtunduwu zokonda. Choyamba, amakhala ankhanza kuposa Yemeni, ndipo, chachiwiri, olimba kwambiri.

Kukula kwake, abuluzi nawonso siopatsa chidwi, ngakhale simungawatchule ochepa: abambo omwe ali ndi vuto amatha kukula mpaka theka la mita (zazing'ono zazikazi - malire awo ndi 30- 35 cm cm). Komabe, kwa kamzimbi wanyumba zamtunduwu, pafupifupi 25 cm amadziwika kuti ndi kukula kwake, abuluzi oterewa amalemera mpaka magilogalamu 180. Kwawo kwa nyalugwe wosalaza (ngati mumva dzina loti "chameleon pardalis" - mukudziwa, izi ndi za nyalugwe kapena ngale), monga mitundu ina yonse. Zamoyo zake ndi chilumba cha Madagascar ndi zilumba zina zapafupi ndi nyanja ya Indian Ocean. Mkhalidwe wachilengedwe wa buluzi uyu ndiwinyontho ndi kutentha kwambiri. Kuwala kwa ma pardalis sikuli kotsika kwa abale ake aku Yemeni, ndipo pankhaniyi pali zosiyana zambiri, kutengera komwe nyamayo idakhala.

Ngati ma Yemeni chameleon amadziwika ndi mikwingwirima yosunthira thupi, ndiye kuti mu kambuku amagawidwa palimodzi thupi ndipo amatha kukhala ndi mithunzi yosiyana kwambiri (nthawi zina izi zimakhala zachilendo zamtundu wodabwitsa). Komabe, kuwala koteroko kumakhala kwa amuna okhaokha, akazi samasiyana kwenikweni wina ndi mnzake ndipo amawoneka kuti ndiwosowa.

Pardalis yowopsya imasiyanitsidwa ndi ma spikes omwe amakongoletsa msana wake kuchokera kumutu kupita kumchira. Mbale zokulira zazitali kumtunda kwa mutu komanso m'mbali mwake zimapangitsa kuti nyamayo ikhale yayikulu komanso yochulukirapo. Makungu okhala ndi Leopard amakhala kunyumba pafupifupi zaka 4, ndipo mwachilengedwe samafika mpaka theka la m'badwo uno.

Mwachizolowezi

Ichi ndi nyama yopezeka kwambiri komanso yomveka kwa ife, popeza imapezeka, kuphatikiza ku Europe: Spain, Portugal, Sicily, Malta ndi Krete - awa ndi malo omwe, mutayang'anitsitsa, mutha kuwona buluzi pa nthambi ya mitengo. Potengera kukula ndi maonekedwe ake owoneka bwino, ndiwotsika kuposa abale ake achilendo. Chifukwa chake, kutchire, kukula kwakukulu kwa chameleon wamba sikokwanira masentimita 30, pomwe mu terariamu samakonda kukula 20 cm. Ponena za mtunduwu, monga ma chameleon onse, amatha kukhala osiyana, kutengera malo, koma nthawi zambiri amakhala achikasu, obiriwira kapena bulauni.

Zala pathupi silikhala nthawi zonse konse, nthawi zina nyamayi imakhala ndi utoto wosalala komanso yofanana.

Kugula Kusankha

Mitundu yonse itatu yafotokozedwera pamwambapa, monga zanenedwera, ndizochulukirapo kapena zosasinthika kuti zizikhala panyumba, kotero kusankha komaliza kumangotengera zomwe mumakonda komanso kukula kwa gawo lachipinda lomwe mukufunitsitsa kugawa malo omwe mungakonde. Komabe, popeza ichi ndi nyama zosowa, kumbukirani malamulo ena okuthandizani kuti mugule koyenera:

1. Khungu la buluzi wabwinobwino sayenera kukhala wauve, wosazungulira, sayenera kukhala ndi matuza ena aliwonse (asymmetric), zopumira, mawanga amdima ndi umboni wina wamatendawa.
2. Ngati mungasankhe nyama m malo ogulitsa ziweto momwe malo angapo amaperekedwera, osatulutsa zowala kwambiri kapena zowala kwambiri - kusankha kwanu kukhala pakati, ndizotheka kuti palibe mavuto ndi nyamayo (monga tanena kale, ma chamele ali ndi mawonekedwe apadera) chosonyeza thanzi ndi moyo wabwino, kupatuka kulikonse kumawonetsedwa makamaka mu utoto).
3. Onani malingaliro anu: palibe mwanjira iliyonse chinyama chodetsa. Chifukwa chake, ngati mutenga, chizolowezi chimakhala kusakhutira (mkwiyo kapena mantha). Ngati buluzi akufuna kuyambitsa, kuukira, kuluma, kutulutsa, izi ndizabwinobwino, koma ngati zikuwonetsa kusayanja kwathunthu, china chake chalakwika!
4. Unikani ma paws kuti pakhale kuvulala, zotupa ndi ma pathologies ena.
5. Mchira wa mbewa yolimba ndi yolimba, yothina komanso yathanzi, yolimba pamunsi, kumapeto imayamba kuchepa. Ngati mukuwona fupa lirilonse, zikutanthauza kuti buluzi amadyetsedwa molakwika.
6. Maso azikhala otseguka (ngati wogulitsa akukuwuzani kuti nyamayo ili mtulo, mutha kutsimikiza kuti kwenikweni siyimva bwino, chifukwa chameleon sichimakhala ndi loto nthawi yakusowa). Maso opanda kanthu komanso matope ndi umboni wa matendawa.
7. Chifukwa china chokana kugula ndikumasulidwa kwa thovu kapena malovu mkamwa (musakhulupirire kuti ziyenera kukhala choncho). Zomwe zimagwira pakamwa, ngati mutha kuzifufuza, ziyenera kuwoneka zoyera kwathunthu, palibe chizindikiro cha zolembera kapena zotupa zomwe ziyenera kuonedwa, mtunduwo uyenera kukhala wowonekera - wapinki kapena wachikasu.

Musanapite kumalo ogulitsa ziweto, mufunse kuti ndi ndalama zingati zomwe mungasankhe m'dera lanu. Mitengo imatha kusiyanasiyana, koma mosakayikira siyenera kuyima pamtengo wotsika mtengo - monga amanenera, owopawo amalipira kawiri.

Sizabwinonso kugula nyama kuchokera kwa anthu osadziwika pamanja, kudzera pa intaneti kapena kumsika wa mbalame. Kuyesa kubweretsa nyama kuchokera kuulendo wachilendo ndi koyipa kwambiri.

Malo okhawo ovomerezeka kuti mugule ndi malo ogulitsa ziweto okhazikika okhala ndi mbiri yotsimikiziridwa. Mu bungwe loterolo, simudzangogulitsidwa nyama yotsimikiziridwa, komanso mudzapatsidwa upangiri wonse woyenera pakuusamalira, komanso, apa mutha kugula zida zina zambiri zomwe mungafunikire.

Zoopsa za Terrarium

Choyambirira kuti musamalire ndi, zoonadi. Iyenera kukhala yayikwanira okhalamo, koma amakhulupirira kuti 200 l - Awa ndi chiwerengero chochepa kwambiri chomwe chimafunikira ngakhale mtundu wa chameleon. Ngati mukufuna kubwerezabwereza zingapo, onjezani voliyumu iyi ndi 1.5, kapena kupitilira - ndi 2.

Popeza chonde chomwe mwasankha chimakhala makamaka pamitengo, nyumbayo iyenera kukhala yayitali kwambiri (yotheka), makamaka osachepera 0.8 m. Kutalika ndi m'lifupi kumatha kukhala 0.4 m kapena kupitilira.

Pofuna kukonzekera bwino ndi kuyeretsa bwalo lamalo, malo ake amkati azitha kupezeka. Mwakutero, vutoli limathetsedwa pochotsa gululi yophimba nyumbayo, koma mutha kuyitanitsanso chidebe chotseka ndi khomo lomwe limatseguka kunja kapena galasi lomwe limadalirana ndi mfundo yoyang'anira zovala. Njira ina ndi kutsogolo kwathunthu komwe kumatsekeka. Zinthu zabwino kwambiri zapakhomo la chameleon ndi galasi. Galasi yachilengedwe nthawi zina imagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma imang'ambika mwachangu, ndikukhala mawonekedwe owoneka osalala, kuphatikiza apo, imatha kusungunuka ndi kutentha kwambiri (kuphatikizapo kuchokera ku nyali), ndipo izi sizovomerezeka. Ma terarium amakono amapangidwanso ndi pulasitiki wa acrylic komanso wowonekera.

Komanso, onetsetsani kuti ma mesh omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito mu malo othamangathawa ndi ochepa kuti "chakudya chanu chamoyo" chanu chisathe kupita kunja, komanso, chopangidwa ndi zinthu zolimba (mwachitsanzo, polyethylene cricket yopulumutsa moyo wake mosavuta kudziluma).

Mukati "chipinda" muyenera kupanga chotsitsa cha mvula yamvula. Sizofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu zamtunduwu pazinthu izi, koma mabatani achilengedwe ndiolandilidwa. Timaphimba pansi pa terariamu ndi zinyalala zapadera, zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa mu malo ogulitsa ziweto. Mchenga wamba kapena utuchi wa nkhuni suyenera kuchita izi.

Kutentha, kuyatsa, chinyezi

Chinyalala sichiyenera kungopanga nyengo yabwino yotentha. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti nyamayo ili ndi mwayi wosankha pawokha kutentha komwe kungakhale kwabwino panthawi iliyonse. Mwanjira ina, payenera kukhala malo osiyana kutentha m'makona osiyanasiyana a terrarium.

Chifukwa chake, obwezeretsa amafunika kukhala ndi malo omwe amatha kutentha (izi 30-32 ° C) ndipo, mutero, sangalalani ndi kuzizira - izi ndizocheperako 25 ° C. Pansi pa malire awa m'malo otentha a terrarium sayenera kukhalanso, ngakhale usiku. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti "madera otonthoza" oterowo ali pamapazi, osati pansi pa terariyo, chifukwa ma chamele nthawi zambiri samatsikira pansi mwachilengedwe.

Palinso mphasa zapadera zogulitsa zomwe zimatentha zinyalala pamfundo yofunda m'nyumba.M'madambo ndi malo otentha, kusiyana pakati pa kutentha kwa usana ndi usiku ndikokulira, muyenera kuyesa kubwezeretsanso zinthu zofananira m'nyumba yazopanga za wodi yanu.

Kuti mukhale ndi thanzi, chonde chimafunikira dzuwa, popanda iwo, kaphatikizidwe ka cholecalciferol (vitamini D3) sikutheka.) m'thupi lake. Ngati ndi kotheka, ndikofunikira kupangira malo opangirako malo ndi gwero lazowunikira za ultraviolet kapena kuwotcha petulo ndi nyali ya ultraviolet.

Chinyezi ndi mfundo ina yofunika kwambiri kwa chiweto chathu.

Nthawi zina amalimbikitsidwa kupangitsa nyumba ya buluziyo ndi yokumba kasupe kapena mathithi amadziKenako milala yamadzi idzagwe pazinthu zojambulazo, ndipo chodzidzimutsa chidzazipeza. Ngati zapamwambazi sizingapangidwe, mkati mwa malo ogwiritsidwira ntchito amayenera kuthiridwa mafuta nthawi zonse, kawiri pa tsiku. Madzi a izi ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsedwa ndipo ayenera kukhala pamwamba pa kutentha kwa chipinda. Kutentha kwambiri, komabe, kumavulaza chameleon, chifukwa kumatha kuyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana amtundu wa bakiteriya ndi mafangasi. Koma mpweya wouma ulinso vuto, nthawi ino wokhala ndi khungu ndi maso. Ndizabwino kwambiri kusunga chinyezi mu terarium pamlingo wa 50%.

Pomaliza, mpweya wabwino ndi chofunikira kuti moyo wa chameleon ukhale wabwino, chifukwa ngati mpweya umayenda, mabakiteriya amayamba kukhazikika m'malo ochepa. Pachifukwa ichi, m'malo ampata nthawi zambiri mumakhala mabowo olowera awiri - padenga ndi pansi pa khoma lam'mbali.

Kapangidwe kameneka kamathandizira kuti kuzungulira kwa mpweya kuzikhala chifukwa mpweya wofunda umatulukira padenga, ndipo malo ake amatengedwa ndi kuzizira, komwe kumachokera kunja kwa terariyo (komwe nthawi zambiri kumakhala kozizira kwambiri kuposa mkati mwanyumba.

Kukonza za Terrarium

Ukhondo mu terarium ndichinsinsi cha thanzi la chonde. Wodyetsa amafunika kutsukidwa tsiku ndi tsikuNdikofunikanso kuti muchotse zinyalala zomwe zimakhalamo, komanso zinyalala za chakudya. Koma kamodzi pa sabata pakhala kofunikira kuchita "kuyeretsa kwathunthu", pomwe zinyalala zimasinthidwa kwathunthu, zotengera zimakhala ndi zotetezedwa, zida zokongoletsedwamo zimatsukidwa kuchokera kufumbi ndi dothi. Ngati simunalumikizane ndi gulu lanu ndipo simumasulidwa kuti muziyenda mozungulira nyumbayo, muyenera kupeza thanki yopumulira komwe mutha kuyikamo nyamayo poyeretsa (komabe, ena amalangizirani kuti musiye chovalacho mu "nyumba" kuti musavutitse kwambiri , koma apa aliyense amasankha kale njira yabwino kwambiri).

Kudyetsa

Ma chamele onse ndi adani, ndipo kuthekera kwawo kosaka kungakhale ndi kaduka. Koma ngati m'chilengedwe chonyansa chimadya makamaka tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, funso limabuka momwe tingadyetsere nyama kunyumba. Amakhulupilira kuti phindu labwino lathanzi la chonde ichi ndi kalikose. Koma ochulukirachulukira adzatero. tizilombo: ntchentche, ziwala, dzombe, agwe, mphutsi, agulugufe ndi agulugufe.

Okonda ena amalimbikitsa, atakhala ndi ukonde wa gulugufe, kuti azipita kukakhwimitsa chilengedwe kuti akapezeke chakudya chamwana wawo pasanathe sabata. Ndipo ngati muli ndi nyumba yachilimwe, ndipo simukudziwa momwe mungachotsere nsikidzi za Meyi, mutha kuphatikiza bizinesi ndi chisangalalo. Mwina, kwa ena, zosankha zotere zitha kuwoneka zoyenera, koma osati kwa onse, ndizachidziwikire.

Komabe, ndibwino kugula chakudya chamtengo muma shopu a ziweto (mwachitsanzo, simukuika pachiwopsezo chakupha), chifukwa zolengedwa zomwe zikuuluka zatizungulirazo ndizodzaza ndi zinyalala za mafakitale, poizoni, fumbi la mzindawo, kapenanso kulandira chithandizo cha mankhwala ophera tizilombo, monga tizirombo tomwe tomwe tili m'minda). Ali aang'ono, ma chamele ayenera kuwonjezera zakudya zapadera nyama zothira mavitaminikomanso michere yofunika (monga calcium phosphate), yomwe imagulitsidwa m'masitolo apadera azinyama.

Monga chithandizo chapadera, chonde chitha kuperekedwa kuchokera ku zipatso zosankhidwa bwino, komanso masamba obiriwira. Komabe, kuti musawononge buluzi, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti izi kapena mbewuyo ndi yotetezeka.

Ndipo nyengo yotentha, mutha kukonzera ziweto zanu zachilengedwe: kutengani malo kupita kumalo owetera ndi ukonde wambiri (ena amabzala mbewu m'malo obisalamo), komwe tizilombo timatha kuwuluka. Ikani nyambo yoyenera ya "chakudya chamoyo" m'khola, ndipo anyani anu amatha kusaka zambiri!

Miyezo yamadzi

Tanena kale pamwambapa kuti kukakamizidwa kwa gawo lamkati la terarium, ngati kulibe madzi ake eni - kasupe kapena chida china. Njirayi siyofunikira kokha kuti muchepetse ludzu la nyama zam'madzi, komanso kuti madzi ake azikhala bwino. Mpweya wouma mwachangu umatsogolera kuperewera kwa buluzi, womwe umakhala wowopsa makamaka kwa achinyamata.

Kupanga malo okhala

Ngati mungaganizire kukhazikitsa chiweto chokhazikika panyumba, muyenera kupanga malo pafupi ndi chilengedwe chake. Ndipokhapo pamene chirombocho chimatha kumva bwino. Kuti mutonthoze, miyala, mchenga, nthambi zimayikidwa mu terarium, ndipo mbewu zachilengedwe zimabzalidwe. Zonsezi sizimapangidwa kuti zizipanga, koma kuti zizikhala malo abwino okhala. Chilichonse chizikhala pafupi kwambiri ndi chilengedwe.

Koma ndikofunikira kukonzekera mawonekedwe a chirombo chotere. Tikukuuzani momwe mungakhalire ndi chameleon.

Zoyenera kukhala boma

Terrarium iyenera kuchuluka osachepera 200 lkotero kuti nyamayo imayenda mwakachetechete, ikubisala.

Danga lamkati liyenera kukhala lozizirirapo, chifukwa limakhala lothandiza kukhazikitsa zinthu zachilengedwe. Izi zikuphatikiza zinthu izi:

• kasupe kakang'ono
• dziwe lochita kupanga
• mtengo yaying'ono
• Nthambi za mitengo iliyonse yomwe nyamayo imakhalamo.

Zonsezi sizongokhala zokongoletsera zabwino zokha, komanso kupanga malo oyandikira malo okhala ndi ma chameleon.

Zolemba pakugwira chiweto

Choyamba, monga tanena kale, ma chiloon osamwa kwa akumwa. Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kwa nyama, yaying'ono kapena yatsopano, kudziwa momwe angatungire madzi kuti athetse ludzu lawo. Pankhaniyi, poyamba muyenera kubaya madzi mkamwa mwa chokwawa (nthawi zina mumayenera kuti mupangitse iwo kuti aukire). Njira yabata mwamtendere ndi bomba kapena syringe yotaya popanda singano.

Momwemonso, mwa njira, mutha kuthira chiweto chanu ndi zipatso kapena msuzi wa masamba kapena uchi wothira madzi. Koma osati mopitilira muyeso - perekani madontho ochepa ndikuyang'ana momwe angachitire.

Kachiwiri, munthu ayenera kulingalira zakupsa zomwe izi zimawonetsa, zomwe nthawi zambiri amazionetsa kuti sizofanana kwambiri ndi anthu, koma pokhudzana ndi wina ndi mnzake. Chifukwa chake, pogula zokwawa zingapo, ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kugawa gawo logawika magawo awiri, kapena kupanga "masamba" ambiri mkati kuti muchepetse kulumikizana pakati pa anthu.

Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuyambira poyesera dyetsa zodzala ndi manjakoma nthawi yomweyo, dzanja liyenera kugwira ntchito ngati “nthambi” kwanthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti, lingokhalabe lolimba momwe mungathere, apo ayi nyamayo imangochita mantha. Mapeto ake, ngati chiweto chanu chili ndi mawonekedwe osinthika, ndipo muli ndi chipiriro cha Olimpiki, adzakwera m'manja mwanu ngati akulamula.

Kwenikweni, poyambira, izi ndi zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza chameleon ngati ziweto. Zotsatira zake, titha kunena kuti kusankha sikophweka. Zodzoladzola zimakhudzidwa ndi microclimate komanso ukhondo, zimafuna malo ambiri ampata, kukhala ndi kulumikizana pang'ono, ndipo chifukwa chake sizingagundane ndi mphaka wanu.

Ndipo mtundu wamtundu wazomwe chakudya cha chiweto chotere, kawirikawiri, chimayambitsa mantha kwa ambiri. Komabe, izi zapambuyo zimakhala ndi zolumikizana zambiri komanso osilira, omwe zovuta zonse zomwe zatchulidwazi sizikondweretsa ndipo sizimawopsa. Kupatula apo, zonse zomwe zinalengedwa mwachilengedwe ndizabwino kwambiri!

Zambiri pa Chameleons

Chameleons - mtundu wa abuluzi akale. Mitundu yawo imakhala yosiyanasiyana kutengera chilengedwe, komanso amatha kusintha mitundu. Khungu la chameleon limakhala ndi zigawo zinayi zosiyanasiyana, zomwe ndi khungu, chromatophore, melanophore ndi zigawo zam'munsi, zomwe zimakhala m'maselo awo utoto wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maonekedwe imawonekera pamene zigawozi zimapanikizika kapena kukulitsidwa. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika pomenya nkhondo kapena pambuyo pake ndikulimbana ndi mtundu wina wamadzi komanso kutengera mphamvu ya buluziyo, kuwala kwake kapena kutentha kwake. More chameleon zosintha zapaderaamathandizidwe kupulumuka:

1. Kuphatikizidwa kwa zala za phazi lililonse m'magulu awiri ndi atatu mosakanikirana (mapazi a zygodactyl) kumakuthandizani kuti muziyenda bwino munthambi za mitengo.
2. Lilime lalitali komanso lomata kuponyera nyama mtunda wautali.
3. Maso awiri ozungulira amadzidalira.

Ma chameleon makamaka amakhala m'malo a mvula, zipululu za ku Africa ndi mapiri am'mwera kwa Europe. Komabe, si anthu ambiri padziko lonse lapansi omwe amawakonda ngati ziweto.

Zolinga za bungwe

• Zosangalatsa: zolengedwa zimawoneka zokongola kwambiri komanso kuti amatha kusintha mitundu zimawapangitsa kukhala okongola kwambiri.
• Nyama zowonda komanso zochepachomwe chisangalalo sichifuna chidwi chochuluka. Nthawi zambiri amakhala mosangalala m'malo awo okhala zomera ndi nthambi zomwe iwo angakwerepo. Pokhapokha ngati mtundu womwe chakudya amakonda nawonso uli m'khola. Anthu ena amawakonda ngati ziweto, popeza amakhala ndi nthawi yambiri yazokha. Zomwe zimafunikira kuyambira koyambirira ndikuwunika ngati khola kapena malo owetera adakonzedwa molingana ndi zosowa za buluzi ndi malangizo a veterinarians. Pambuyo pa izi, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira chakudya.
• Khalani ndi moyo wautali: Nthawi zambiri kuthengo zimakhala zaka 2-3 zokha. Koma ngati eni ake amawasamalira moyenera, ma chameleon amatha kukhala ndi zaka 10 - 10, zomwe ndizokwanira kwa chiweto chochepa.
• Kulemera pang'ono: mtengo wake umasiyana m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana, komanso molingana ndi zaka komanso thanzi la buluzi. Kulemera kwa kamuna wamwamuna kumasiyana magalamu 85 mpaka 170, pomwe kulemera kwa chameleon wamkazi kumayambira 85 mpaka 118 magalamu.
• Khala wodekha: pomwe ma chilo otsalira okha, amakhala mwamtendere kwambiri. Muyenera kuti muwapatse zakudya zoyenera komanso malo okhala zofanana ndi omwe adakhala. Chifukwa chake adzakhalabe peppy ndipo sazunza eni ake popanda chifukwa.
• Kukonda: ndi chisamaliro choyenera, chomwe amachigwiritsa ntchito, abuluzi amasangalala kucheza ndi anthu ndipo sadzaluma konse.

Mphindi

• Matupi a chameleon alibe fungo lililonse, koma akapukuta nsagwada zawo panthambi za mitengo, amayamba kununkhira ngati nyama yowola. Nthawi yomweyo, zinthu zonunkhira, zotsekemera zimatuluka mkamwa mwawo, zomwe zimathandiza kukopa nyama. Kuphatikiza apo, zoyera zakanyamazo ndizofanana ndi fungo la mkodzo wa munthu.
• Mavuto azaumoyo: Chisamaliro chikuyenera kuthandizidwa kuti malo osungirako nyama azikhala bwino. Komabe, zovuta zingapo zathanzi zimatha kukhalapo, monga edema, kuvulala, kupuma, makutu, matenda amkamwa, kufinya lilime, ndi kumangiriza dzira.
• Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma chameleon ndi omwe amakonda osiyanasiyana kutentha magawo. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kusamala ndikuyang'ana pafupipafupi ndi kutentha kwa kutentha ngati kutentha kuli pakati. Kupanda kutero, muyenera kuwaza madzi pang'ono kapena kuyatsa mababu ena ochepa. Monga lamulo, kutentha komwe ma chameleon ambiri amatha kupirira kuyambira 10 mpaka 22 degrees.
• Ma Chameleon amafunika chakudya chapadera. Tizilombo tambiri, monga ma cickets, mphutsi za ufa ndi mphutsi za ma wax, ziyenera kukhala zoyamba kudzazidwa ndi michere ndikudya. Makoswe ang'onoang'ono osakhala ndi ubweya amathanso kudyetsedwa ndi ma chameleon akulu. Zomera: mpiru, kale, letisi, rabichi, mpiru ndi dandelion amadyera, ndikofunikira kupera pang'ono kakang'ono. Zowonjezera zowonjezera (calcium zomwe zili ndi vitamini D3 ndi multivitamini) zimapezeka mu mawonekedwe a ufa womwe umafunika kuwazidwa ndi chakudya muzambiri kuti uteteze vitamini A, calcium ndi Vitamini D3. Madzi amayenera kuthiridwa kudzera ndi dontho kapena kupopera pang'onopang'ono kuti magwere apange masamba pomwe chameleon akhoza kumwa.
• Mtengo wa chameleon umasiyanasiyana mitundu. Pa msika waku Russia - chiwerengerochi chili pamtundu kuchokera 10 mpaka 70,000 ma ruble kutengera zaka komanso thanzi la buluzi. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mtengo wopanga malo abwino okhala ndikuwukonzanso ndi wokwera kwambiri.
• Zoyenera kukhala chameleon ziyenera woganiza bwino, khalani ndi chinyezi choyenera, zamafuta ambiri kuti mukhale ndi thanzi komanso chisangalalo cha nyama. Pankhani yokhudza kutentha, ndi bwino ngati khola lipangidwe ndigalasi. Koma kukula kwake, kulibwino. Pogula khola, eni amayenera kuganizira mbali zosiyanasiyana zomwe sizinganyalanyazidwe: kukula, kutentha, chinyezi, kuyatsa, mbewu, ndi kukaniza dzimbiri.

Pomaliza

Chameleon sichiri chimodzi mwazonse zomwe zimakonda ziweto. Nthawi yomweyo, zili osati zovuta kukhala ndi chiwetongati munthuyo akudziwiratu zachilengedwe kapena kafukufuku woyenera wachita pasadakhale. Choyamba, muyenera kusamalira malo awo kuti ziweto zizitha kuzolowera moyo wawo watsopano.

About Chameleons

Mutu wa abambo nthawi zambiri umakongoletsedwa ndi ma tubercles, zitunda, komanso nyanga zolozera. Mwa akazi, ma bults pamutu amakhalaponso, koma ali akhanda. Miyendo ya chameleon ndiyitali, zala zili ngati mabala. Mbali ya miyendo imeneyi imathandiza abuluzi kukwera mitengo mosavuta. Mchira umathandizanso, umakhala wokulirapo m'munsi, ndipo pang'onopang'ono umayamba kumatha. Chingwe chimatha kukumbira mtengo ndi mchira wake, nthambi ndikugwira modekha.

Ziwalo zamawonedwe a abuluzi amenewa ndizosangalatsanso. Maso a chameleon ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira ndipo amatha kuzungulira mozungulira, zomwe zimathandiza zilombo kuti azitsatira komanso kugwira tizilombo.

Chimbudzi chikasaka, sichitha kusuntha kwa nthawi yayitali. Pakadali pano, maso ake okha amatembenuka. Tizilomboti tikawoneka pafupi ndi buluzi, mbalameyi imangodumphira m'malirime, kenako imangotulutsa lilime lake lalitali kwambiri. Zimathandizira mu izi ndi kapu yotseka kumapeto kwa lilime. Nyama imagwiritsitsa ndipo imakakamira mkamwa mwa chokwawa.

Ma Chameleon nawonso amatchuka chifukwa amatha kusintha mtundu wawo kuti ukhale wosaoneka. motsutsana ndi matabwa, masamba, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a khungu la nyama. Muli ma cell a chromatophore mmenemo, momwe mumakhala mitundu ya chikasu, ofiira, yakuda, yofiirira. Mothandizidwa ndi ludzu, njala, mantha ndi zinthu zina, kutulutsa utoto wowoneka bwino kumawonetsedwa. Kuphatikiza apo, mitunduyo imatha kusakaniza, ndikupanga mithunzi yosiyanasiyana.

Ndi chameleon chiti choyenera kukonzanso nyumba

Buluzi limatha kukhala m'nyumba wamba, pamalo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi. Koma muyenera kudziwa momwe nyengo ya chameleon, ndiye buluzi ndi wogwidwa amakhala bwino.

Ngati mukufuna chimbudzi chachikulu chakhazikika m'nyumba mwanu, ndiye chabwino yemeni chameleon (pachithunzi pamwambapa). Ichi ndi nyama yolimba kwambiri yomwe imasinthika kukhala moyo watsopano komanso nyumba, imagwirizira kusintha kwa chinyezi ndi kutentha. Mtengo wa zodzala ndi pafupifupi 700? 1000 UAH. ku Ukraine ndi ma ruble 1,500-3,000 ku Russia.

Kuthengo, mtundu wa chameleon uwu umakhala m'mayiko otentha - ku Saudi Arabia, Yemen ndipo pali mitundu iwiri:

A Carlifera amakhala kum'mawa kwa Saudi Arabia, chifukwa nthawi imeneyi inali nyengo yotentha komanso youma.

Kalyptratus amakhala kumpoto kwa dzikolo, komwe kumazizira pang'ono. Chifukwa chake, azimva bwino kunyumba ku malo opumirako, komwe kutentha kwa masana ndi + 30 ° C kapena pang'ono, ndipo kutentha kwa usiku kuli pafupifupi + 20 ° C. Mtundu wamtunduwu wamtundu wotchedwa chameleon umakhala ndi utoto wolemera ndipo ndi wokulirapo kuposa Calcarifer ndipo umatha kukula mpaka 60 cm.

Nayi ma chamele ena oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Wamba,
  
• Chikopa.
  

Mitundu iyi siyosankhika komanso yosafunikira malinga ndi ukaidi.

Momwe mungasankhire chameleon choyenera

Funso ili ndilofunika kwambiri. Mukatha kuwerenga gawo ili, muphunzira momwe mungasankhire chameleon kuti ikhale wathanzi.

Choyamba, musagule abuluzi "ndi manja." Gulani m'malo ogulitsa komwe mudzapatsidwa zikalata zofunika.

Kachiwiri, musakhale ndi abuluzi ochepa kwambiri. Zovuta za kubadwa mwa iwo sizimawoneka nthawi yomweyo, nthawi zambiri zimadziwika ndi miyezi inayi. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kugula chameleon yemwe ali kale miyezi 4.

Izi ndizomwe muyenera kulabadira mukamayang'ana chiweto chanu cham'tsogolo:

Yang'anani m'maso mwake, ayenera kukhala otseguka ndikuyenda. Ngati zawotchedwa, ndiye kuti chameleon ndi madzi ambiri, ngati chatsekedwa, ndiye kuti nyamayo yatha.

Onani mtundu wake. Matenda a nyama amawonetsedwa ndi imvi kapena khungu lakhungu. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha kutentha pang'ono komwe buluzi amasungidwa.

Makungu a chameleon amafotokozanso za momwe nyamayo ilili. Ziyenera kukhala ngakhale, komanso zokwanira ziyenera kukhala zamafoni. Ngati zikuwonekeratu kuti zikuvuta kusuntha, zikutanthauza kuti ili ndi dongosolo losokoneza minofu ndi mafupa a calcium.

Onani kamwa yotsegula pakamwa. Kuti atsegule, tenga buluziyo m'manja mwake, kenako kulira, ndipo mutha kuwona ngati mawonekedwe omwe ali mkamwa mwake ndi achikasu achikuda. Kukhalapo kwawo kumawonetsa kukhalapo kwa njira yotupa m'matumbo.

Zomwe zimachitika mu terarium zimafunikira chameleon

• Chameleon amafunikira kutentha 28-30 °.
• Ifenso chopangira chinyezi.

Buku! Chinyezi mu terarium chikhale pafupifupi 60-70%.

• Mukufuna kukhazikitsa nyali yayikuluzomwe zikufunika ndi chiweto.
• Limodzi mwa khomalo liyenera kupumira mpweya.. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kutambasula mauna olimba. M'chilimwe, nyengo yotentha, mutha kupita ndi chiweto chanu kupita nacho kukhondekuti nyamayo ili pansi pa kuwala kwawoko ndikupumira mpweya wabwino.

Zikhalidwe Chanyumba

Kukula kwa terrarium kumatha kukhala 50 x 50 cm (m'lifupi, m'litali) ndi 120 cm. Kwa akazi, malo ocheperako pang'ono ndi oyenera, ndipo chonde chachikulu, chizikhala chokulirapo pang'ono.

Kutentha mkati mwa terrarium nthawi yamasana sikuyenera kugwa pansi + 28 ° C, bwino - + 30? +32 ° C. Kodi kutentha kwa usiku kuyenera kukhala +22? + 24 ° C, ndiye ikani nyumbayo m'malo otentha pomwe mulibe zojambula - ndizowopsa kwa buluzi.

Chabwino, ngati bwalo lamtunda lili lalikulu. Kenako pamlingo wake wosiyanawo nyamayo imapeza malo abwino kwambiri. Mkati mwake, kongoletsani chipinda chodzala ndi mbewu zamphika. Mutha kuyika zokolokota zomwe chameleon zimakwera. Amafunanso dziwe laling'ono, samalira izi.

Kuphatikiza pa kutentha, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira mawonekedwe owala - zachilengedwe, zokumba kapena kuphatikiza. Masana masana ayenera kukhala osachepera maola 12.

M'chilimwe, masana, tengani chimbudzi ndi munthu wamkulu chamoyo mumsewu. Zoyenera kusangalala nazo kudya tizilombo. Kuti mukope izi, mutha kuyika zipatso zowola pafupi ndi aviary. Usiku ukakhala wotentha, mutha kusiya chimbudzi ndi msewu kapena kusungira nyamayo panthawiyo. Zachidziwikire, ndikofunikira kuti anali ndi denga lomwe lingateteze ku mvula.

Momwe mungadyetsere chameleon kunyumba

Zakudya za ziweto zimaphatikizanso dzombe, mphutsi zosiyanasiyana, ntchentche ndi abuluzi ang'ono. Mutha kuthandizanso reptileti zipatso kapena zipatso zina.

Nyama sangathe kumwa kuchokera m'mbale ndi mtsuko, iye ankakonda kugwira madontho amadzi otuluka masamba ndi nthambi. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuthira mbeu ndi madzi, kapena kugula chida chapadera chomwe chimatulutsa madontho amadzi.

Zofunika! Ma chokoleti ang'onoang'ono amadyetsedwa kangapo patsiku, zazikulu tsiku lililonse.

Mu malo ogulitsa nyama muzigulitsa zida zapadera zofewakuti mutha kudyetsa ziweto zanu. Chakudya chimatha kuyikidwanso.

Chakudya Chameleon

Zakudya za chameleons zazing'ono zimakhala ndi zimbumba zatsopano kapena ma crickets apakati pa sabata, omwe amawaza ndi msanganizo wa ufa wopangidwa ndi calcium phosphate ndi mavitamini obwezeretsa, omwe amatengedwa chimodzimodzi. Amadyetsedwa katatu patsiku, payenera kukhala chakudya chokwanira.

Pokana kuti ma chameleon asataye madzi (omwe amakonda), pakani mafuta kawiri kapena katatu patsiku ndi madzi.

Akuluakulu amadyetsedwa kuchokera kwa odyetsa kapena opukutira okhala ndi ma crickets akulu, maphemwe am'malo otentha, amapereka zipatso, masamba owonda amtundu wina, omwe amadya mosangalala.

Pulasitiki yotsika kapena galasi lamagalasi ndi loyenera kupakira ufa. Makoma ake amkati amakhala ndi mafuta a masamba kuti tizilombo tisabalalike.

Ma Chameleon samatha kumwa pa tank, chifukwa chake, ngati palibe njira yopangira pampu, yesani kuwaphunzitsa kuti amwe kuchokera ku syringe ndi singano yovuta kapena kuchokera pampette. Ngati izi sizikukwanira, jekesani madzi ochepa pakamwa pawo pakatseguka.

Mabuluzi amenewa, kuphatikiza ndi madzi, amatha kumwa timadziti. Apangireni yankho la uchi, omwe nyama zimakondanso.

Mukatsatira malangizowa, chameleon adzakhala nanu zaka zosachepera zinayi ndikusangalatsa mwiniwake, banja lake nthawi yonseyi ndi mawonekedwe ake okongola, zikhalidwe zoseketsa.

Kanema wokhudza kusamalira chameleon kunyumba, malangizo: