Mbalame yaying'ono yokoma: kutalika 26-28 masentimita, mapiko a 54-60 masentimita, kulemera kwa 60-110 g. Thupi limakhala lokwera pang'ono, ngati nkhakoo, yokhala ndi mapiko aatali komanso mchira wautali. Mlomo ndi waufupi kwambiri komanso wofooka, koma mawonekedwe mkamwa amawoneka okulirapo. M'makona amkamwa, mumatulutsa zisa zazitali komanso zolimba. Miyendo ndiyochepa kwambiri - zikuwoneka kuti mbalame yomwe idakhala pansi idadzikakamiza ndi thupi lonse pansi. Chala chapakati chimakhala chachitali kuposa enacho ndipo chimalumikizidwa pang'ono ndi nembanemba yoyandikana nayo. Mafutawo ndi ofewa komanso otayirira, monga momwe mumachitira kadzidzi - chifukwa cha izi, mbuzi nthawi zina imawoneka yaying'ono kuposa momwe iliri. Mtunduwo umayendayenda - mbalame yosasuntha siyovuta kupeza pa nthambi ya mitengo kapena masamba owuma. Pamwambapa ndi mtundu wa bulauni, wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yosiyanasiyana ndi mikwingwirima yofiira, chifuwa ndi mitundu yakuda. Pansi pake pali brown-buffy, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono amizeremizere akuda. Mzere wowoneka bwino umapangidwa pansi pa diso. Pali mawanga ang'ono pambali pa khosi, oyera oyera mwaimuna ndi ofiira mwa mkazi. Kuphatikiza apo, yamphongo imakhala ndi mabala oyera kumapeto kwa mapiko ndi m'makona amiyala yakunja, koma apo ayi amuna ndi akazi ndi ofanana kwambiri. Mbalame zazing'ono zili ngati mkazi wamkulu. Mlomo ndi wakuda, iris ndi wakuda.

Imazindikira momwe nyama zimadyera kapena munthu, mbalame yopuma imayesa kuphatikiza ndi malo ozungulira, kubisala ndikutsamira pansi kapena pang'ono. Ngati ngoziyo ili pafupi kwambiri, mbalameyo imanyamuka mosavuta, ndikuwomba mapiko ake mokweza, ndikuchotsedwa mtunda waufupi.

Voterani

Mbalame yosawoneka bwino, mbuziyo, imadziwika chifukwa cha kuyimba kwake kopatsa chidwi, mosiyana ndi mawu a mbalame zina ndipo imamveka bwino patali kwa 1 km. Wamphongo amayimba, nthawi zambiri amakhala pamtengo wakufa pamphepete mwa nkhalango kapena kudula. Nyimbo yake - nyimbo zowuma ngati "rrrrr" - zimafanana ndi kubuma kwa achule kapena kugudubuka kwa njinga yamoto yaying'ono, kumangoyang'ana kwambiri. Kusinthasintha kozungulira pang'onopang'ono ndi phokoso laling'onoting'ono kumapitirirabe kuyambira nthawi yamadzulo mpaka m'bandakucha, pomwe kutengeka, mafunde komanso kuchuluka kwa mawu kumasintha nthawi ndi nthawi. Mbalame yamanyazi nthawi zambiri imasokoneza timiyala tating'ono ndi kutalika kuti "Furr-Furr-Furr-Furrrryu ...", ngati kuti kubangula kwa galimotoyo kumira mwadzidzidzi. Nditamaliza nyimbo, mbuzi imanyamuka nthawi zonse ndikusiya. Yaimuna imayamba kukhwima patapita masiku angapo ikafika ndipo imapitilizabe kuyimba chilimwe chonse, ikuchepetsa mwachidule mu theka lachiwiri la Julayi.

Dera

Chisa wamba cha kozoda m'malo otentha komanso otentha kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Africa ndi Eurasia chakum'mawa kupita ku Transbaikalia, komwe amasinthidwa ndi mtundu wina - waukulu kozoda. Imapezeka pafupifupi kulikonse ku Europe, kuphatikizanso kuzilumba zambiri za Nyanja ya Mediterranean, koma pakati sikofunikira. Zachilendo kwambiri ku Iberia Peninsula komanso ku Eastern Europe. Sichikupezeka ku Iceland komanso madera akumpoto kwa Scotland ndi Scandinavia, komanso kumwera kwa Peloponnese.

Ku Russia, imapezeka kumalire akumadzulo chakum'mawa kupita ku chigwa cha Onon (malire ndi Mongolia), kukumana kumpoto mpaka dera la subtaiga: m'chigawo cha Europe kupita ku dera la Arkhangelsk, ku Urals mpaka pafupifupi 60, pa Yenisei mpaka Yeniseisk, kumpoto kwa Baikal ndi pakati pagawo la Vitim. Kumwera kunja kwa Russia, imagawidwa ku Asia Little kumwera kupita ku Syria, kumpoto kwa Iraq, Iran ndi Afghanistan, kummawa mpaka kumadzulo kwa India, kumadzulo kwa China kupita kumpoto kwa Kunlun ndi Ordos. Ku Africa, zisa kuyambira ku East kum'mawa kupita ku Tunisia, kumwera mpaka ku Atlantic Yapamwamba.

Habitat

Imakhala m'malo otseguka komanso opanda malo okhala ndi malo owuma komanso otentemera, zofunikira kwambiri kuti chisare kukhala chinyalala, malo owonera ndi kuthekera kwadzidzidzi ndikuwuluka kuchokera chisa kuchokera pansi pa mphuno ya nyama yolusa, komanso kuchuluka kwa tizilombo touluka touluka.

Amakhala mofunitsitsa malo owoneka ngati dothi, opanda dambo, wowala, wopanda mitengo ya paini yokhala ndi dothi lamchenga komanso malo owonekera, kumapeto kwa malo otetezedwa, minda, zigwa ndi mitsinje. Kummwera ndi kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Europe, ndizofala pamiyala ndi mchenga wa maquis (m'nkhalango za mitengo yobiriwira nthawi zonse). Mchigawo chapakati cha Europe, chimafika kwambiri kumalo ophunzitsira asitikali komanso ndala zotsala. Kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Africa, zisa pamiyala pathanthwe ndi chitsamba chosowa. Malo okhalamo opezeka m'nkhalangoyi ndi nkhalango zam'madzi ndi malo otsetsereka a mitengo yomwe ili ndi magulu a mitengo kapena tchire.

Mbuzi imapewe nkhalango yamdima yopitilira, ndi njira imodzi yokha, C. e. plumpibes,, yopezeka m'chipululu cha Gobi. Monga lamulo, imakhala pachidikha, koma m'malo abwino chimakhazikika kudera lachigawo. Chifukwa chake, m'mapiri a Central Asia, mbuzi ndizofala m'mapiri kumtunda kwa 3000 m pamwamba pa nyanja, ndipo m'malo ozizira amapezeka m'mphepete mwa ayezi pamtunda wa 5000 m pamwamba pamadzi. Ntchito zachuma za anthu, monga kudula mitengo mwachisawawa komanso kudula moto, zimathandiza kwambiri mbuzi. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa misewu yambiri kumakhala koopsa kwa kuchuluka kwa mbalamezi. Kuwala kwa nyali zamagalimoto kumakopa tizilombo tosachedwa usiku, komwe timasakidwa ndi mbuzi, ndipo phula lomwe limatenthetsedwa masana ndi malo abwino osangalalira. Zotsatira zake, mbalame nthawi zambiri zimagwera pansi pa matayala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwonongedwe kwathunthu kumadera okhala ndi magalimoto ambiri.

Kusamukira

Mbuzi yodziwika bwino ndi mitundu yosamukasamuka yomwe imasunthira mtunda wautali pachaka. Malo ofikira nyengo yachisanu a masanjidwe osungika omwe amakhala mu Europe ambiri ali kummawa ndi kumwera kwa Africa, ngakhale gawo laling'ono la mbalamezi limasakanikiranso kumadzulo kwa kontrakitala iyi. Masanjidwe meridionalisokhala ku Mediterranean, Caucasus ndi madera oyandikana ndi Nyanja ya Caspian, nyengo ya kum'mwera komanso mwina pakati pakati pa Africa, komanso kumadzulo kochepa. Masanjidwe sarudnyi, unwini ndi dementieviakukhala kumapiri ndi kumapiri a Central Asia, nthawi zambiri amasamukira kum'mawa ndi kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Africa. Kuphatikiza apo, timagulu tating'onoting'ono ta mbalame zozizira bwino timapanga unwini wodziwika ku Israel, Pakistan komanso mwina kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa India. Kummwera chakum'mawa kwa Africa, mbuzi zam'mbuyomu zimakhalanso nthawi yozizira maula. Kusamukira kumachitika kutsogolo, koma mbalame zomwe zimawulukira zimasungidwa zokhazokha ndipo sizimapanga gulu. Kunja kwa malo achilengedwe, maulendo apamtunda nthawi zina amalembedwa ku Iceland, Faroe, Azores ndi Canary Islands, Madeira ndi Seychelles.

Kuswana

Kutha msamba kumachitika mchaka chachiwiri cha moyo, ngakhale monga lamulo, mbuzi zimayamba kubereka patapita chaka chimodzi. Zoweta awiriawiri, zomwe zokhala m'malo odyera nthawi zambiri zimalumikizananso nyengo yathayi. Amuna amafika masiku 10 kale kuposa achikazi, amakhala malo oyenera ndipo amatha matenthedwe: Amayimba kwa nthawi yayitali, amawombera mapiko awo mokweza ndikupanga ndege zowonetsa zovuta. Pa nthawi ya chibwenzi, mbuzi imayenda pang'onopang'ono ngati gulugufe ndipo nthawi zambiri imapachikidwa malo amodzi, kwinaku ikugwira mtembowo pafupifupi ndikuwoneka ndi mapiko mu chilembo cha Chilatini V, kotero kuti mawanga oyera amawoneka bwino.

Yaimuna imawonetsera mayiyo malo angapo momwe ikhoza kuyikira dzira mtsogolo, ikagoneka iliyonse ndikutulutsa timadzi tating'ono. Chikazi chouluka chapafupi chimapanganso mawu amodzimodzi. Pambuyo pake, njirayo imadzisankhira payokha dzira lakutsogolo, pomwe ikukhazikika. Chisa chotere sichikupezeka, mazira amaikidwa pansi, nthawi zambiri pamtchire ngati masamba a masamba omalizira, singano kapena fumbi la nkhuni, kumene nkhuku siyikhala yosaoneka. Nthawi zambiri, chisa chimakutidwa ndi chitsamba, fern kapena nthambi zakugwa, komabe, chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino pozungulira ndikutha kuwuluka mwachangu komanso mwakachetechete pakagwa ngozi.

Clutch, nthawi zambiri kumapeto kwa Meyi kapena koyambirira kwa Juni, nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mazira awiri a ellipsoid mawonekedwe, yoyezera (27- 37) x (20-25) mm. Nthawi zina, mazira amodzi kapena awiri, omwe akuwoneka kuti amapezeka, amabwera ku chisa. Chipolopolocho ndi chonyezimira, chimakhala choyera kapena chofiirira, komanso chowoneka ngati mbewa zakutsogolo za imvi komanso zofiirira. Kubwatcha kumatenga pafupifupi masiku 17-18. Yaikazi imakhala nthawi yayitali pachisa, ndipo nthawi zina madzulo kapena m'mawa mamuna amakhala m'malo mwake. Mbusa kapena munthu akafika, mbalame yokhala pansi imabisala ndikuyang'ana kumbali, ndipo ngati ngoziyo ili pafupi, ndiye kuti imayesa kutuluka mchisa, kumayeseza ngati mbalame yovulala. Posadabwitsa kapena kulephera kuuluka, mungamveke pakamwa, ndikuwatsegulira kwa mdani.

Nkhupakupa zimaberekera pakadutsa tsiku ndipo pakumenyedwa, zimakhala zokutidwa kwathunthu (kupatula malo ang'ono kumbuyo kwa mutu ndi kumbuyo) yokutidwa ndi fluff - streaky brownish-imvi pamtunda ndi buffy pansi. Amakhala akhama kwambiri, ndipo, mosiyana ndi mbalame zazikulu, amayenda bwino. Masiku 4 oyamba okha ndi amene mayi amadyetsa ana, kenako makolo onse awiri. Usiku, makolo amabwererako kangapo 10 pachisa ndi nyama, nthawi iliyonse amabweretsa tizilombo tosiyanasiyana tokwana 150. Pakatha milungu iwiri, anapiye amayesa kuyenda, ndipo patatha sabata amayamba kuwuluka mtunda wautali. Pakatha masabata 5 atasungidwa, ana ake amadzilamulira okha ndikumapita kumalo apafupi asananyamuke ulendo wake woyamba wokonzekera nyengo yachisanu.

Chakudya chopatsa thanzi

Zimadya tizilombo touluka tomwe timasaka usiku. Moth ndi kachilomboka amapezeka pachakudya, koma mbalameyo nthawi zambiri imagwira ma dipterans (udzudzu, midges), mayflies, bugs, ndi ma hymenopterans (njuchi ndi mavu). Kuphatikiza apo, mchenga ndi miyala yaying'ono, komanso nthawi zina zotsalira za mbewu, nthawi zambiri zimapezeka m'mimba za mbalame. Zotsala zomwe sizinasinthidwe zimang'ambika mumapangidwe amtundu wotchedwa ma riddles - mawonekedwe omwe amaphatikiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbuzi ndi zikho zambiri ndi zabodza.

Imagwira ndi kuyamba kwamdima komanso mbandakucha, kusaka mderalo chakudyacho komanso kutali ndi malire ake. Ngati chakudya chokwanira, chimapuma usiku ndikupuma, nditakhala panthambi kapena pansi. Nthawi zambiri imagwira tizilombo touluka, nthawi zina chisamaliro choyang'anira asabisala - kuluma mtengo pamphepete mwa malo ena. Kuphatikiza apo, zikuwoneka, pecks chakudya kuchokera ku nthambi kapena pansi. Pambuyo kokasaka usiku, mbuzi zimagona masana, koma osabisala m'maenje kapena m'mapanga, monga kadzidzi, koma khalani pansi momasuka pakati pa masamba omwe adagwa kapena pa nthambi yamitengo, kumapeto, komwe kumapezeka nthambi, osati kudutsa ngati mbalame zambiri. Munthawi imeneyi, mbuzi imatha kupezeka mwamwayi, ndikuwopa kuchokera patali - mitundu yowoneka bwino, maso opendekera komanso kusazindikira kuphatikiza ndi chilengedwe.

Chiyambi cha dzina

Kozodoya nthawi zambiri imawonedwa pafupi ndi ziweto. Amadyera ntchentche, kavalo ndi tizilombo tina tomwe timatsata nyama. Siziuluka pafupi zokha, komanso zimathamanga padziko lapansi pakati pa nyama. Nthawi zina ngakhale pakati pa miyendo. Onjezerani kwa kamwa yayikuru yosadziwika bwino. Izi ndiye maziko a dzinalo. Mwa njira, kuwona mbuzi yokhazikika kumakhala kothekera kwambiri pafupi ndi gulu la ng'ombe kapena mbuzi. Ndikovuta kwambiri kuziwona m'nkhalangozi.

Gulu ndi Magawo

Mbuzi yodziwika kale inafotokozedwa mwasayansi ndi Carl Linnaeus mundondomeko ya 10 ya Natural System yake mu 1758. Dzina generic Caprimulgus, lotanthauziridwa kuchokera ku Chilatini kutanthauza kuti "mbuzi" kapena "mkaka wa mbuzi" (kuchokera ku mawu achi Latin wosilira - mbuzi, ndipo mulgeō - mkaka), wobwereka kuchokera ku Natural History (Liber X 26 Ivi 115) Pliny Mkuluyo - wolemba mbiri wakale ku Roma komanso wolemba amakhulupirira kuti mbalame zimamwa mkaka wa mbuzi usiku, zimangomamatira kukamwa kwa nyama, zomwe pambuyo pake zimachita khungu ndikufa. Zowonadi, mbalame nthawi zambiri zimapezeka pafupi ndi kumapeto kwa ng'ombe zam'mphepete mwa msipu, koma izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa tizilombo, kusokonezedwa ndi nyama kapena kusamukira kununkhira kwa manyowa. Dzinali, kutengera lingaliro lolakwika, silinangosungidwa mu sayansi yokha, komanso linasamukira ku zilankhulo zingapo za ku Europe, kuphatikizapo Chirasha. Onani dzina europaeus ("European") akuwonetsa mwachindunji dera lomwe mitunduyo idalongosoleredwa koyambirira.

Mitundu isanu ndi umodzi ya mbuzi imasiyanitsidwa, momwe kusiyanasiyana kumasonyezedwera mu kukula kwathunthu ndi kusiyanasiyana kwamitundu yayikulu ya kuchuluka:

• C. e. europaeus Linnaeus, 1758 - kumpoto ndi pakati Europe kum'mawa mpaka Baikal, kumwera mpaka 60 ° C. w.
• C. e. meridionalis Hartert, 1896 - Kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Africa, dera la Iberian Peninsula, kumpoto kwa Mediterranean, Crimea, Caucasus, Ukraine, kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Iran ndi madera a m'mphepete mwa Nyanja ya Caspian.
• C. e. sarudnyi Hartert, 1912 - Central Asia kuchokera Kazakhstan ndi gombe lakummawa kwa Caspian kupita kummawa kupita ku Kyrgyzstan, Tarbagatai ndi Mapiri a Altai.
• C. e. unwini Hume, 1871 - Asia kuchokera ku Iraq ndi Iran kummawa mpaka kumapiri otsetsereka a Tien Shan ndi mzinda wa China wa Kashgar, komanso Turkmenistan ndi Uzbekistan.
• C. e. maula Przewalski, 1876 - kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa China, kumadzulo ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Mongolia.
• C. e. dementievi Stegmann, 1949 - Transbaikalia chakumwera, kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Mongolia.

Kufotokozera ndi Makhalidwe

Mbalameyi ili ndi maina ena ambiri. Uwu ndi khungubwi usiku, kadzidzi usiku, chopukutira. Amawonetsera chachikulu - ndi mbalame yozizira. Mbodzi-mbuzi zazikulu zazing'ono. Kulemera kwake ndi 60-100 g, kutalika kwa thupi ndi 2532 cm, ndipo mapiko athunthu amafikira 50-60 cm.

Mapiko ndi mchira wake amapatsidwa nthenga zazitali zopapatiza. Amapereka kuwongolera koyendetsa bwino, kuthamanga komanso kachetechete. Thupi lokwera lili pamiyendo yochepa, yopanda mphamvu - mbalameyo sakonda kuyenda pansi. Mtundu wa plumage imakhala imvi makamaka ndi malo akuda, oyera ndi bulauni.

Mbuzi zambuzi zimasunthasuntha kuchoka phazi limodzi kupita kwina, chokhala ngati chidole cha kumphepo

Chigoba chake ndi chaching'ono, chosanja. Maso ndi akulu. Mlomo ndi waufupi komanso wopepuka. Mlomo ndi waukulu, pansi pamutu. Pamtunda ndi pamunsi pa mulomo ndi setae, womwe ndi msampha wa tizilombo. Chifukwa cha chiyani, ina imawonjezeredwa ndi mayina ambiri oyitanira: setkonos mbuzi.

Kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi sikudziwika. Amuna nthawi zambiri amakula pang'ono. Mtundu, kusiyana kwake kulibe. Yaimuna ili ndi malo oyera kumapeto kwa mapiko. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi mwayi wopereka chete kwa usiku.

Kufuula kwa mbuzi kovuta kuyimba nyimbo. M'malo mwake, imakhala ngati chipwirikiti, chimagunda mokweza komanso mosiyana. Nthawi zina zimasokonezedwa ndi whist. Wamphongo amayamba kuyimba pobwerera ku nthawi yozizira. Dzuwa litalowa, iye amakhala pamtengo ndikuyamba kuyung'ung'udza. Kutacha, kuyimba kumatha. Udzu umadula nyimbo ya mbuzi mpaka nthawi yotsatira ya kubereka.

Mverani mawu a mbuzi

Mtundu wa Kozodoi (dzina la kachitidwe: Caprimulgus) agawika mitundu 38. Asayansi sagwirizana chimodzi pankhani yolumikizana kwa mitundu ina ya mbuzi ku taxa inayake. Chifukwa chake, zambiri pazamoyo zamitundu ina zimasiyana.

Kwa tinyanga pamlomo wambuzi, yomwe imakonda kutchedwa netkonos

Mbuzi wamba (dzina ladongosolo: Caprimulgus europaeus). Mukamalankhula za mbuzi, mbalameyi imangotanthauza. Imakhala chisa ku Europe, Central, Central ndi West Asia. Masamba akum'mawa komanso kumadzulo kwa Africa.

Ntchito zaulimi wa anthu, kukonza mbewu ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa tizilombo. Koma, kwakukulu, chifukwa chachikulu, kuchuluka kwamtunduwu sikuchepa, sikukumana ndi kutha.

Mitundu yambiri yambiri idatenga mayina awo chifukwa cha mawonekedwe. Mwachitsanzo: zikuluzikulu, zokhala ndi thukuta, lingaliro, bulanic, maroza, zooneka ngati nyenyezi, zokhala ndi mimbira yayitali, zazitali.

Okongoletsa mdera linalake adatipatsa dzina la mitundu ina: Nubian, Central Asia, Abyssinian, Indian, Madagascar, Savannah, mbuzi za Gabon. Mayina amitundu yambiri akuphatikizidwa ndi mayina asayansi: a Kozodoi Messi, Mabatani, Salvadori, Donaldson.

Wachibale wapamodzi wamba wambuzi ndi wamkulu kapena imvi. Pathunthu, mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi mbuzi yokhazikika. Koma kukula kwa nyamayi kumafanana ndi dzinalo: kutalika kumafikira 55 cm, kulemera mpaka 230 g, mapiko athunthu nthawi zina amatha kupitirira 140 cm.

Mtundu wa maula ndi wakuda. Pachikuto chonse pali kuwala kwanthawi yayitali komanso milozo yakuda yopanda mawonekedwe. Thunthu lakale la mbuzi ndi mbuzi yayikulu ndizopakidwa zomwezo.

Moyo & Habitat

Madzulo, mbuzi imagona. Mtundu wotetezedwa umakupatsani mwayi wokhala wosaoneka. Kuphatikiza apo, mbuzizi zimapezeka pafupi ndi nthambi yamitengo, osati mopingasa, monga mbalame zamasiku onse. Kupatula panthambi, mbalame zimakonda kukhazikika pazingwe za mitengo yakale. Kozoda mu chithunzi sichizindikirika kuchokera ku hemp kapena chidutswa cha nkhuni.

Mbalame zimadalira kwambiri luso lawo lotengera. Samachoka pamalo awo ngakhale munthu afika. Kutenga izi, mutha kutenga manja anu kugona masana.

Njira yayikulu pakusankha malo okhala ndi kuchuluka kwa tizilombo. Pakati pa msewu, zigwa za mitsinje, nkhalango zowala komanso mapiri a nkhalango nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa ngati malo okhala malo okhala. Nthaka yamchenga yokhala ndi zinyalala zowuma ndikofunikira. Dera lomwe madzi osefukira amapewa.

Sizovuta kupeza mbuzi, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake mbalameyo imatha kuphatikizika ndi mtengo

Madera akumwera, madera okutidwa ndi zitsamba, zipululu, ndi malo owoneka achipululu ndi oyenera kubzala. Ndikothekanso kukumana ndi mbuzi kumapiri ndi kumapiri, mpaka pamtunda wamamita masauzande angapo.

Pali adani ochepa mu mbalame wamkulu. Masana, mbalamezi zimagona, zimayamba kugwira ntchito madzulo, usiku. Izi zimapulumutsa kuchokera kwa ozunza omwe ali ndi zitsulo. Zobisika kwambiri zimayang'anira adani padziko lapansi. Omwe amayendetsa makamaka amadwala masonry. MaChicken omwe sadziwa kuuluka amathanso kuukiridwa ndi omwe amadana ndi zazing'ono.

Kukula kwaulimi kumakhudzanso anthu awiri. M'malo omwe ziweto zimaleredwa, kuchuluka kwa mbalame kumachuluka. Komwe mankhwala opangira tizilombo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, mbuzi imadya chiyaniZotsatira zake, zimakhala zovuta kuti mbalame zikhale ndi moyo.

Mbuzi ndi mbalame yosamukasamuka. Koma, monga zimachitika kawirikawiri, mitundu ndi nyama zomwe zimapezeka kumadera aku Africa, zimakana kusamuka kwakanthawi, zimangoyendayenda pofunafuna chakudya. Njira zakusunthira mbuzi wamba zanyengo zamnyengo kuchokera ku malo okhala zisautso ku Europe kupita ku Africa. Anthu amakhala kum'mawa, kum'mwera komanso kumadzulo kwa Africa.

Mapulogalamu omwe amakhala ku Caucasus ndi ku Mediterranean amasamukira kumwera kwa Africa. Kuchokera kumapazi ndi kumapeto kwa Central Asia, mbalame zimawulukira ku Middle East ndi Pakistan. Kozodoi amapanga ndege iliyonse. Nthawi zina amasochera. Amawonedwa nthawi zina ku Seychelles, Faroe Islands ndi madera ena osayenera.

Mbuzi Hunt

Kozodoi sanakhalepo nkhani yakusaka pafupipafupi. Ngakhale kucheza ndi anthu, mbalameyi sinali yophweka. Mu Middle Ages, mbuzi zinkaphedwa ndi zikhulupiriro zabodza.

Ku Venezuela, nzika zakumaloko zidakumana kale ndi anapiye akuluakulu m'mapanga. Iwo adapita kukagula. Anapiye atakula, kusaka kwa akuluakulu kunayamba. Azungu adazindikira kuti ndi mbalame yooneka ngati mbuzi. Popeza anali ndi zinthu zingapo zapadera, banja losiyana la guaharos ndi mtundu wodziwika bwino wa mtundu wa guaharos adawakonzera. Chifukwa chomanga bwino, mbalameyi imakonda kutchedwa mbuzi yamafuta.

Anapiye ambuzi mu chisa

Munkhalango za Argentina, Venezuela, Costa Rica, Mexico amakhala mbuzi yayikulu. Anthu okhala komweko adatola mbalame yayikuluyi pamitengo ndikuwaponyera zingwe. Masiku ano, kusaka mbuzi ndi koletsedwa kulikonse.

Mbuzi ndi mbalame yofalikira, siziwonongedwa. Nthawi zambiri sitimamuwona, timakonda kumva, koma tikakumana naye, sitimvetsetsa chomwe chiri, ndiye timadabwa kwambiri.