OWL, -n, m Usiku ndi nthawi yamadzulo mbalame zamtundu wa kadzidzi, wokhala ndi utoto.

Source (kusindikiza): Mtanthauzira mawu a chilankhulo cha Russia: Mu mavoliyumu 4 / RAS, Institute of Linguistics. Kafukufuku, Ed. A.P. Evgenieva. - 4th ed., Yachotsedwa. - M: Russia. chilankhulo, zida za Polygraph, 1999, (makina amagetsi): Laibulale Yamagetsi Yotsimikizika

OWL, ndipo, m Usiku kapena mbalame yamadzulo yolusa yochokera ku banja la kadzidzi. || trans. Za munthu amene wagwa mumdima, wazunguzika.

Owl Ine

1. dzina lomaliza ◆ ❬ ... ❭ Mukuganiza, akuyang'ana konyamula katundu wa Shuvalov, Ivan Dmitrievich adayimirira pawindo pomwe wofufuza milandu wodziwika ndi dzina adalowa mchipindacho osagogoda Owl. - ... - Chofunika kwambiri, Ivan Dmitrievich, umboni! - chowala, adati Owl. ❬ ... ❭ Leonid Yuzefovich, "Harlequin Costume", 2001 (mawu ochokera NKRJ)

Kupanga Mapu Abwino Kukhala Limodzi

Moni! Dzina langa ndine Lampobot, ndine pulogalamu ya pakompyuta yomwe imathandizira kupanga Mapu a Mawu. Ndikudziwa kuwerengera, koma pakali pano sindikumvetsa momwe dziko lanu limagwirira ntchito. Ndithandizireni kuzindikira!

Zikomo! Ndidzaphunziranso kusiyanitsa pakati pa mawu ambiri ndi mawu apadera kwambiri.

Kodi tanthauzo la mawuwo limveka bwino bwanji sunagoge(dzina):

Quotes ku Russian Classics ndi mawu oti "owl"

• - Ndipo ndimawauza kuti kadzidzi nocturnal, kuti ali ndi eyeso-awiri, gologolo kadzidziMomwe munga wawo suli kuloledwa kuwona chilichonse m'kuwala kwa Mulungu! Usiku! Afunika usiku! Kenako, ma hengegegs akhungu, maimuna akhungu, ochenjera amayamba kuwuluka panthaka pansi, ndikugona mu tulo, ndiye kuti adzakhala ndi moyo, ndiye kuti adzakhala ndi moyo, ngalande. Ndipo mdierekezi sadzawatenga ndipo sadzadya m'malo mwa sardines!

Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi kufotokozera

Kadzidzi ndi mbalame yokhala ndi mbewa ya banja la kadzidzi ndi gulu la kadzidzi. Mu Chilatini, dzina la mbalameyi limamveka ngati "Athene", lomwe limalumikizana mwachindunji ndi mulungu wakale wankhondo wachi Greek, Athena Pallas, wopanga nzeru. Mafuta ndi njoka amadziwika kuti ndi anzake okhulupirika komanso odalirika, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa pamodzi ndi mawonekedwe ake mu zojambula ndi zojambula zosiyanasiyana.

Dzinalo "owl" lili ndi mizu yaku Russia, limalumikizana ndi chilankhulo cha Pre-Slavic ndipo limagwirizanitsidwa ndi whsing, whisting ndi onomatopoeia. Pali nthano ndi zizindikiro za kadzidzi, nthawi zina osati zopambana komanso zopambana ngati kale ku Greece. Makolo athu adakhulupirira kuti kukumana ndi kadzidzi kumawonetseratu zovuta ndi zovuta, zomwe zitha kukhala zovulaza, onse mwachindunji (kuumoyo) komanso m'njira zosamveka (munthu wina akufuna zoipa).

Chosangalatsa: Kadzidzi amaoneka kuti ndi woopsa komanso wachisoni, kuyang'ana kwakeko kukuboola ndi kukhazikika, zikuwoneka kuti wophunzirayo wayipitsa mtima wake, ndipo wakwiya. Ndizotheka kuti mawonekedwe awa a nkhope ya mbalameyo amalemba zodetsa nkhawa chonchi za mbalame zokhala ndi mapiko zodabwitsa.

Tsopano mu banja la kadzidzi pali mitundu itatu ya mbalame, monga:

• nyumba owl
• Brahmin owl
• kalulu kadzidzi.

M'mbuyomu, panali mitundu ingapo ya kadzidzi, koma mwatsoka, inatha, zaka mamiliyoni angapo zapitazo. Tatiyeni tifotokozere za mitundu ya zinthu zomwe zakhalapobe mpaka pano. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti pali mitundu ingapo yamtunduwu ya mbalamezi. Kadzidzi ya Brahmin imatha kutchedwa yaying'ono kwambiri, thupi lake limakhala lalitali 21 cm ndipo limalemera magalamu 120. Kamvekedwe kakakulu ka nthenga ndi imvi yotuwa ndi ma bulangeti oyera.

Amakambirana ndi mawu oti "owl"

Owl (lat. Athene, wa ku Greek wina. Ἀθήímbi - "Athena", "Athena") ndi mbalame yofala ya banja la kadzidzi, yemwe amakhala m'malo otseguka. Nkhondo m'mizinda yaying'ono ndi yayikulu, madera akumidzi, maponda, zipululu, zipululu, miyala. Zimalepheretsa mapiri ndi madera ozizira, momwe satha kupeza chakudya chifukwa cha chipale chofewa.

Kufotokozera Za Owls

Kutengera ndi gulu, mitundu iwiri mpaka isanu ya mtundu wa kadzidzi. Malinga ndi gululi, lomwe pano limawonedwa ngati lolondola kwambiri, mitundu itatu yokha ndi yomwe imawerengedwa kuti ndi owowodi: Brahmin, brownie ndi kalulu. Ndipo kadzidzi wa m'nkhalango wokhudzana ndi iwo tsopano amasankhidwa mu mtundu wina - Pachikala.

Mawonekedwe

Zikho sizingadzitame zazikuluzikulu: kutalika kwa thupi la mbalamezi sikupitilira masentimita makumi atatu, ndipo mwakulemera sizifika magalamu 200. Mapiko amatha kutalika pafupifupi 60. Kunja, amafanana ndi anapiye m'njira zina, pomwe mbalame zazikulu, ngakhale zofanana ndi kadzidzi, zimaposa kukula kwake. Ngati mutu wa kadzidzi uli ndi mawonekedwe ozunguliridwa, ndiye kuti mutu wa kadzidzi umakhala wofunikira kwambiri, wofanana ndi chowongolera chamtali chomwe chagona kumbali yake, ndipo nkhope yawo siyikutchulidwa kwambiri. Kusiyana kwina pakati pa kadzidzi ndi kadzidzi ndikuti alibe nthenga pamutu pawo zomwe zimakhala ngati makutu.

Mchirawo ndi waufupi, mapiko akamakulungidwa nawonso amafunikira mwachidule. Ng'ombe zimakhala ndi zowondera zowoneka bwino ngati zofiirira kapena zamchenga, zolocha ndi zoyera, zomwe zimapangira nsidze zoyera kumutu, ndipo zimabalalika m'thupi lonse m'njira zofanana ndi bala. Nthawi yomweyo, mithunzi yowala imakhala pamimba, pomwe pomwe mawonekedwe akulu, amdima amasiyana.

Zovala zimakhala zofiirira zakuda - zazitali komanso zowongoka. Mlomo wa kadzidzi umatha kukhala umodzi wa mithunzi yachikasu, nthawi zambiri imasakanikirana ndi mtundu wobiriwira komanso imvi, ndipo mulomo nthawi zina umakhala woderapo kuposa mulomo. Maso a mbalamezi ndi owala, ndi mwana wakuda yemwe akufotokozedwa bwino, yemwe samayang'ana kutsogolo kwa chithunzithunzi chakuda. Mtundu wa m'maso, kutengera mitundu, ungakhale wachikasu mpaka golide wowala wachikasu.

Ndizosangalatsa! Mawu omwe ali pa "nkhope" ya kadzidzi ndi osasangalatsa, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ndiwobowola. Kwa anthu ambiri, maonekedwe a kadzidzi amaoneka ngati onyansa komanso osasangalatsa kwenikweni chifukwa cha "physiognomy" yoyipa komanso yongoyang'anitsitsa mwachilengedwe ngati mbalamezi.

Ichi chinali mawonekedwe akunja a kadzidzi omwe adakhala chifukwa chamakhalidwe oyipa a anthu aku Russia kwa iwo. Mpaka pano, munthu wofatsa komanso wachisoni nthawi zambiri amauzidwa kuti: "Chifukwa chiyani unasweka ngati kadzidzi?"

Khalidwe ndi moyo

Zimbudzi ndi mbalame zomwe zimangokhala ndi moyo wamadzulo. Zowona, zina mwa mbalamezi zimatha kuchoka pamtunda waung'ono nthawi ndi nthawi, koma nthawi zambiri, kadzidzi amakhala m'dera linalake kamodzi kokha ndipo sasintha. Monga mitundu ina yonse ya kadzidzi, imakhala ndi maso abwino ndi makutu, zomwe zimachepetsa mayendedwe ake kudutsa m'nkhalango usiku ndikuthandizira ntchito yosaka. Ziweto zimatha kuuluka mwakachetechete komanso mosamala kwambiri kuti nyama zomwe zikugwira sizigwira bwino nthawi zonse kuti ziziwona momwe nyama yomwe imadyera ikupita kwa mphindi yotsiriza, ndiye kuti yachedwa kwambiri kuyesa kuzithawa.

Ndizosangalatsa! Chifukwa chakuti mbalamezi sizitha kutembenuzira maso, kuti ziwone zomwe zikuchitika kuchokera kumbali, ayenera kutembenuzira mitu yawo mokwanira. Ndipo ali ndi kadzidzi, chifukwa chakuti ali ndi khosi losinthika, amatha kusintha madigiri 270.

Mbalamezi zimakonda kugwira ntchito usiku komanso m'mawa kwambiri, ngakhale zilipo pakati pa kadzidzi ndi zina zomwe zimagwira ngakhale masana. Amasamala kwambiri ndipo salola munthu kuti adziyandikire. Izi zitachitika, kadzidzi, modabwitsidwa, amayesa kuwopseza mdani wawo m'njira zosangalatsa: imayamba kusunthasuntha mbali mbali ndikugwada mopanda nzeru. Kunja, kuvina uku kumawoneka bwino kwambiri, ndi anthu ochepa okha omwe adawaonapo.

Ngati kadzidzi, ngakhale kuyesetsa kwake konse, sakanakhoza kumuwopseza mdani ndi kuvina ndipo sankaganiza zobwerera, ndiye kuti amachoka m'malo mwake ndikuwonekera pamwamba pa nthaka. Mbalamezi zimatha masiku awo kupumula m'maenje a mitengo kapena m'ming'alu yaying'ono pakati pa miyala. Ziweto zimamanga zisa zawo kapena zimakhala ndi zisa zomwe zimasiyidwa ndi mbalame zina, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zamatabwa. Monga lamulo, sizisintha pa moyo wawo wonse, mwachidziwikire, ngati sizichitika, chifukwa chomwe mbalameyo imayenera kuchoka pamalo osungirako ndikupanga chisa chatsopano.

Kugonana kwamanyazi

Mu owulu, imafotokozedwa mofooka: ngakhale kutengera thupi, kapena mtundu wamafuta, wamwamuna ndi wamkazi sangathe kusiyanitsidwa. Ngakhale kukula kwa mbalame zamitundu yosiyana kuli kofanana, ngakhale zazikazi zimakhala zokulirapo pang'ono. Ichi ndichifukwa chake nthawi zina zimakhala zotheka kumvetsetsa kuti ndi ndani wa iwo, pokhapokha pazomwe zimakhala ndi kadzidzi pakuchita chibwenzi ndikukhwima.

Mitundu ya Owls

Pakadali pano, mtundu wa kadzidzi weniweni umaphatikizapo mitundu itatu:

• Brahmin owl.
• Nyumba Owl.
• Kalulu kadzidzi.

Komabe, asanakhaleko mbalame zochulukirapo zamtunduwu. Koma ambiri aiwo adafera ku Pleistocene. Ndipo mitundu monga, mwachitsanzo, Kadzidzi komanso Akalidi ochita kupanga aku Guan, inatha pambuyo poti anthu azisamba malo padziko lapansi momwe mbalamezi zinkakhalamo.

Brahmin owl

Amasiyana m'miyeso yaying'ono: sizidutsa 20 mpaka 20cm kutalika ndi kulemera kwa 120 g. Mtundu waukulu wa mankhwalawo ndi wonyezimira, wotumbululuka ndi matupi oyera, pamimba, pambali pake, ndi loyera ndi mawanga ang'onoang'ono amtundu wakuda. Pakhosi komanso pansi pamutu pankakhala kakhola koyera. Mawu a kambuku wa Brahmin amafanana ndi kukuwa kokweza mawu. Mbalameyi imakhala m'dera lalikulu, lotchedwa Southeast ndi South Asia, komanso Iran.

Nyumba owl

Kukula kwakukulu kuposa mitundu yam'mbuyomu: kutalika kwake kumatha kukhala pafupifupi 25cm, ndi kulemera mpaka 170 g. Mtundu wa nthenga zazikulu ndi bulauni kapena mchenga wokhala ndi nthenga zoyera.

Ndizosangalatsa! Mtundu wa kadzidzi umadziwika ndi dzina chifukwa oimilira nthawi zambiri amakhala m'nyumba zapamwamba kapena khola. Ndipo chifukwa chakuti kadzidzi wazinyumba amawongolera bwino, nthawi zambiri amasungidwa ngati mbalame zokongoletsera.

Amakhala kudera lalikulu, lomwe limaphatikizapo Kumwera ndi Central Europe, kumpoto kwa Africa, komanso ambiri aku Asia (kupatula North).

Kalulu kadzidzi

Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina yamtundu wa Athene, kadzidzi izi sizigwira ntchito usiku zokha, komanso masana, ngakhale kukutentha masana zimakonda kubisala dzuwa m'malo obisalamo. Mfundu ndi yofiirira, yokhala ndi imvi komanso maonekedwe oyera oyera. Chifuwa ndi kumtunda kwa m'mimba ndizotuwa zofiirira ndipo zokhala ndi zikaso zachikasu, ndipo mbali yakumbuyoyo imakhala ya utoto umodzi. Kutalika kwa thupi kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 23. Mbalame izi zimakhala ku America, makamaka poyera. Monga malo okhala ndi nesting, kalulu kapena burrows wina amapanga nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa.

Habitat, malo okhala

Zazikazi zimakhala ndi malo ambiri. Mbalamezi zimakhala ku Europe, Asia, kumpoto kwa Africa, komanso ku New World. Nthawi yomweyo amakhala omasuka m'malo otseguka komanso m'nkhalango ngakhale m'malo mapiri, zipululu komanso zipululu.

Brahmin kadzidzi

Anthu okhala ku South Asia, amakonda kukhazikika m'malo otchingidwa ndi mitengo komanso malo otseguka, omwe amakhala ndi zitsamba zambiri. Nthawi zambiri imakhala pafupi ndi malo okhala anthu: imapezekanso ngakhale kumadera oyandikana ndi Delhi kapena Calcutta. Ziweto, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala m'mabowo amitengo, koma zimatha kukhazikika mkati mwa nyumba kapena m'matumba opangidwa makhoma, mwachitsanzo, m'mabwinja a akachisi akale ndi nyumba zachifumu. Komanso, mbalamezi sizosintha kuti zikakhale mu chisa chachilendo, chotsalira kale ndi eni, nthawi zambiri zimakhala m'miyendo yama Indian starlings.

Zikhozi zapanyumba

Kugawidwa pamalo okwanira Central ndi Southern Europe, pafupifupi Asia ndi kumpoto kwa Africa, nyumba ndi nyumba zina nthawi zambiri zimasankhidwa ngati malo awo. Mwambiri, kuthengo, amakonda kukhazikika m'malo ophatikizika, kuphatikizira zipululu komanso mapiri. Zingwe zimapangidwa mumizinga, zitsa zopanda kanthu, masango amiyala ndi malo obisalamo achilengedwe.

Kalulu Owls.

Omwenso amatchedwa kalulu kapena kadzidzi wa mphanga, amakhala ku America, Konse Kumpoto ndi Kumwera. Amakonda kukhazikika m'malo momera ndi masamba ochepa. Zingwe zimamangidwa m'makola a akalulu ndi makoswe ena akuluakulu, momwe amapuma ndikudikirira kutentha masana.

Owls cholowa

Mbidzi, monga mbalame zina zakudya, zimayenera kusaka kuti zipeze chakudya.

Amakonda kuchita izi awiriawiri, ndipo amachita zinthu modabwitsa, zomwe zimawalola kupha mosavuta makoswe akuluakulu aimvi, omwe mbalame imodzi, yomwe idaganiza zowukira, ikhoza kukhala ngozi yayikulu. Ndekha, kadzidzi akumadyera pamasewera osavulaza: nenani, pa mbewa zabwino zomwe zimakhala pansi pamiyala.

Ndizosangalatsa! Mbalamezi, zomwe zakhala zikusaka mobisa kwa nthawi yayitali, ndizosavuta kuzindikira pang'onopang'ono: nthenga pamitu yawo ndi kumbuyo kwawo nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizidwa, kotero kuti oimira ena amtunduwu amakhala ndi mafupa okha omwe amawoneka ngati singano kuchokera kutali.

Mwambiri, kutengera mtundu, mitundu ya kadzidzi imasiyana kwambiri: mbalame zina zimakonda kusaka mbewa zachikazi, zina zimakola tizilomboti ndowe kuti zizidyera ndi chilakolako chofuna kudya, ndipo zina zimadyera pama arachnids, monga phalanges . Samakana abuluzi, achule, mikanda, tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, nyongolotsi zam'madzi ndi mbalame zina zazing'ono kuposa iwowo.

Osadalira kwambiri kusaka mwayi, kadzidzi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chakudya chamasana. Zikhozikulu za kalulu zimapita patali: amabweretsa manyowa a nyama zina m'maenje awo, mwakutero amakopa tizilomboti ndowe, zomwe amakonda kudya.

Kubala ndi kubereka

Owls amalingalira kupitilira kwamtunduwu m'nyengo yozizira, pafupifupi mwezi wa February: inali nthawi iyi pomwe adayamba kufunafuna wokwatirana naye. Amuna akufuula poyesera kukopa chidwi cha akazi, ndipo ngati atachita bwino, ndiye kuti amayamba miyambo yokhala pachibwenzi, yomwe imaphatikizapo kuchitira mnzakeyo zodyera, komanso kumamenya mwamwano komanso kulumikizana mopepuka.
Pambuyo pake, mbalame zimamanga chisa ndipo chachikazi chimayikira mazira awiri mpaka asanu. Amayamba kuwakhomera akangokhometsa yoyamba - monga mbalame zonse za nyama. Chifukwa chake, sizosadabwitsa kuti patatha mwezi umodzi, ikafika nthawi yokumana kwa anapiye, onsewa amakula mosiyanasiyana ndi kukula. Pachifukwachi, mpaka nthawi yomwe fluff imasinthidwa ndi maula akuluakulu, anapiye awiri omwe amakhala ndi moyo pang'onopang'ono kuchokera kuzikho zonse, ngakhale kuti makolo amawasamalira mosamala.

Ndizosangalatsa! Pamene wamkazi amasaka mazira, atakhala kutali kwa nthawi yochepa kamodzi patsiku, mwamunayo amasamalira iye ndi mbadwa zake zam'tsogolo: amamuwadyetsa iye ndi nyama yake, ndikumusiya ngati mwana wosakhalapo, ndikuteteza mnzake ndi dzira likugona kuchokera kwa olusa ena.

Tizilombo tating'ono tomwe tathawa kale timakhala mchisa cha makolo pafupifupi milungu itatu, tikuphunzira nthawi iyi nzeru za kusaka komanso moyo wodziimira payekha. Kutha kwa Owls kumachitika pafupifupi pachaka, ndichoti kuyambira pano amatha kuyang'ana banja ndikupanga chisa cha ana amtsogolo.

Adani achilengedwe

Amphaka akunyumba amathanso kukhala owopsa kwa akadzidzi okhala pafupi ndi malo okhala anthu, ndipo m'malo otentha anyaniwa amakhalanso ndi moyo, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala pafupi ndi mizinda. Zowopsa kwa iwo zimatha kukhala otungira masana ndi ma omnivores, makamaka akhwangwala, omwe amatha kulimbana ndi kadzidzi atakhala pamitengo ya mitengo ndikuwapha ndi milomo yawo mpaka kufa. Mitundu yambiri ya njoka, zomwe zimatha kukwawa mosavuta kulowa m'malo odyera, zimawopseza anapiye am'madzi okhala m'maenje.

Komabe, choopsa chachikulu pamiyoyo ya mbalamezi sichiri nyama zolusa, koma majeremusi - onse akunja ndi amkati. Ndiye matenda awo omwe amawaganizira kuti ndi chifukwa chachikulu chomwe zimapangitsa kuti kadzidzi ambiri afe, osakhala ndi nthawi yodalira.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu

Pakadali pano, kadzidzi - mitundu yonse itatu yamtundu wa Athene, ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yomwe siyikhudzidwa kwambiri. Ziweto zawo ndi zochuluka mokwanira, ndipo malo ogawikirawa ndi akulu kwambiri kuti tilingalire moyenera mbalame za mbalame, zomwe siziwopsezedwa kuti zidzawonongedwa mtsogolo. Kadzidzi koyamba kumene kumawoneka ngati kadzidzi ndi kadzidzi. M'malo mwake, ndi ochepa kwambiri kukula kwake. Chifukwa cha utoto wamtambo wakuda, mbalamezi ndizabodza zenizeni, kotero kuti anthu ambiri adamva kadzidzi akulira, koma ochepa angadzitamande kuti adaziwona.

Ngakhale kuti m'madera ambiri, mwachitsanzo, ku Central Russia ndi India, amadziwika kuti ndi amisala pazovuta ndi zovuta, m'malo ena, ku Siberia, ow ow, m'malo mwake, amawonedwa kuti ndi olondola alendo apaulendo omwe sangakulolezeni kutayidwa nkhalango yamnjira zowetedwa nyama ndikulira kwawo kumawonetsa munthu njira yoyenera. Mulimonsemo, mbalameyi, ikukhala pafupi ndi malo okhala anthu, ndiyofunika kulemekezedwa komanso kuyang'aniridwa mwachangu kwambiri. Ndipo sizinali pachabe kuti mu 1992 ndi kadzidzi wa nyumba yemwe adagwidwa ndi mawonekedwe a watermark pa bilu ya ma guilders 100.

Kanema: Owl

Pamimba, m'malo mwake, utoto woyera wophatikizidwa ndi mtundu wa brownish umawonedwa. Kola yoyera yayimirira pakhosi. Kulira kwa izi kowoneka ndi phokoso kwambiri ndikufanana ndi phokoso. Kadzidzi ya nyumbayo ndi yayikulu kukula kuposa kadzidzi ya Brahmin, kutalika kwake kumafika kotala mita, ndipo mbalameyo imalemera pafupifupi magalamu zana ndi zana limodzi. Mitundu ya nthenga za mtunduwu ndi yotuwa, ma toni otchenedwa ndi nthenga zoyera amatha kukhala ambiri.

Chosangalatsa: Kadzidziyu amatchedwa brownie, chifukwa Nthawi zambiri amatengera zipinda za nyumba ndi abusa. Mbalameyi sichimachoka kutali ndi anthu, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri imasungidwa.

Zikhozikulu za kalulu zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wofiirira, womwe kamvekedwe kake kamawoneka pang'ono, koma timitsembo tating'ono tating'ono timadziwika. Pachifuwa komanso pamimba pamakhala zofiirira zokhala ndi khunyu inayake, pansi pamimba ndi yolimba, yoyera. Kutalika kwa thupi la mbalameyo kumatha kufika masentimita a 23. Zikhozi sizachilendo chifukwa zimagwira osati usiku, komanso nthawi ya masana. Kadzidzi kalulu amawaganizira chifukwa nthawi zambiri amakonza zisa m'mabowo a kalulu.

Kodi kadzidzi amakhala kuti?

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kadzidzi ndiyabwino kwambiri. Mbalame zomwe zidakhala ku Asia, Europe, kumpoto kwa Africa, zimapezeka m'malo a New World.

Zonamizira kuti zitha kupezeka kuti zimapezeka mu:

Zikhozizi za Brahmin zasankha South Asia; zimakonda nkhalango zowala komanso malo otseguka okhala ndi zitsamba zotsika. Nthawi zambiri kadzidziyu amapezeka m'malo okhala anthu, kukhazikika pafupi ndi Kalifta ndi Delhi. Kadzidzi amakonzera malo ake okhala nthawi zambiri pabowo, koma amakhalanso malo osungidwa, nyumba zakale zosiyidwa, m'makhoma a khoma. Nthawi zambiri, kadzidzi amakhala mu zisa za anthu ena omwe amasiyidwa ndi omwe adakhalapo kale (mwachitsanzo, okhala ndi nyenyezi zaku India).

Ng'ombe za nyumba zimakhala mkati mwa Central ndi Southern Europe, zigawo zakumpoto kwa Africa komanso pafupifupi gawo lonse la Asia. Nthawi zambiri amakhala m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri, okhala m'chipululu komanso mapiri. Podzisamalira, kadzidziyu amasankha tating'onoting'ono, timatanda ta miyala, timitengo tokhala ndi mabowo ndi malo ena obisika. Mbidzi za kalulu zomwe zimakhala ku North ndi South America, mbalame zimakonda malo otseguka ndi zomera zokutidwa. Zili ndi chisa m'miyala ya akalulu ndi m'misasa ya makoswe ena akuluakulu.

Tsopano mukudziwa komwe kadzidzi amakhala. Tiwone zomwe amadya.

Kodi kadzidzi amadya chiyani?

Chithunzi: Night Owl

Choyambirira, koyamba, ndi nyama yolusa, chifukwa chake zakudya zake zimakhala ndi chakudya chanyama, m'mitundu mitundu yokha ndi momwe zimasiyanirana. Dziwani kuti zala zakumiyendo za mbalamezo ndizolocha, ndipo awiriawiri amawongoleredwa mbali zosiyanasiyana (kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo), izi zimakuthandizani kuti mugwire mwamphamvu ndikugwira nyama. Mano okhala ndi mano mulibe, motero amang'amba anthu ozunzidwa, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amameza ang'onoang'ono nthawi yomweyo. Mitundu ya kadzidzi imasiyana osati modyera osiyanasiyana pamenyu, komanso machitidwe osaka.

Ziweto zimasaka nyama ziwiri, zikumagwirira ntchito limodzi, chifukwa sizitha kuthana nazo zokha. Zing'onozing'ono zazing'ono nkhuku zimapezeka kamodzi. Kadzidzi wakunyumba amakonda kudya ma voles a kumunda, mileme, jerboas, hamsters. Mbalameyi sikukana mitundu yonse ya tizilombo komanso nyongolotsi za pansi. Kuleza mtima podikirira wozunzidwayo sikugwira kadzidzi, kuukiraku kumachitika pomwe chiwopsezocho chikuuma ndipo sichimasuntha. Kusaka kumachitika, pamtunda komanso pamlengalenga. Kadzidzi yanyumba ndi yanzeru ndipo imasunga zosungirako zodyetsa.

Chosangalatsa: Owows amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali m'makola, akusaka ma voles, kotero ma plumage omwe ali mdera lakutali ndi chokwera nthawi zambiri amavalira, ndipo pali maziko okha nthenga, zofanana ndi ma hedgehogs.

Mpheta zamtundu wa kadzidzi zimakhala ngati mbalame zazing'ono komanso makoswe. Samameza omwe amamuzunza, koma mosamala amakankha ndikusankha lokoma kwambiri. Kadzidzi kameneka kamakhala ndi konkera m'makola. Kadzidzi ya bedi imawunikira zomwe ili pamwambapa, kuchokera pa kubisala, kuyang'anira kusakudya kwakoma, komwe kumameza lonse. Kwa iye, makoswe ndi mbalame zazing'onoting'ono zimakondanso. Kadzidzi, komwe kumakhala kadzidzi ndi kansalu, kumatanthauza kudya ndi ziwala, dzombe, mbozi, akangaude, mphutsi za ntchentche, mphutsi, zinkhanira.

Amadya nyama yogwidwa nthawi zonse pothawirako. Kadzidzi sadzakana chule, buluzi, chiphokoso, kachilomboka. Omalizirawo amangopembedza kadzidzi kalulu, yemwe amabwera ndi chinyengo chofuna kukopa tizilombo. Mbalame zimakoka manyowa mumakola awo, zomwe zimakopa ozunzidwa akukwawira m'khola la olusa.

Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo

Ziweto zimatha kutchedwa kuti mbalame zangokhala, zomwe zimatsogolera usiku. Nthawi zina amatha kusamukira patali, koma, amakhala m'malo amodzi okhazikika. Maso awo ndi makutu awo ndi abwino kwambiri, motero kusaka usiku kumachita bwino. Kuchenjera komanso kusamveka kwa mbalame zimabadwa mu mbalame, nthawi zambiri omwe akuvutikira samakayikira kuti posachedwa adzasandutsidwa adani.

Chosangalatsa: Kwa kadzidzi kalulu, zochitika masana ndizodziwikiratu, pomwe abale ena onse owl amakonda kusaka usiku ndi nthawi yolosera.

Masana, pafupifupi owala onse amakhala m'maofesi awo, akupumula usiku. Malo okhala ndi izi omwe amakhala ndi malo osiyanasiyana.

Pazinyumba zawo, kadzidzi amagwiritsa ntchito:

• burrows
• osema mitengo
• nyumba zapaofesi
• wopanda kanthu
• zitsime
• nyumba zosiyidwa
• zakale ndi mabwinja osiyanasiyana,
• miyala yamiyala.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti mitundu yina ya ma denti okhala ndi minyewa imeneyi imapezeka m'malo osowa kwambiri.

Chosangalatsa: Kadzidzi, komwe kumakhala ku North America, kamakhala ndi milomo yoluka kwambiri, kotero kuti iye sangathe kutulutsa dzenjelo, amakonda kukhala zisa zopanda kanthu ndi mbalame zina. Koma malo omwe amakhala kumene amakhala ndi dzenje, lopangidwa ndi khola lalikulu lotchedwa saguaro, lomwe silodabwitsa kwenikweni.

Zimbudzi zimakhala ndi mphatso yopanda kubisa, imamveka, koma ndizovuta kudziwa. Owl amakonda moyo wobisalira, wam'madzi, motero amakhala wosamala pa chilichonse, makamaka kukumana ndi miyendo iwiri, yemwe, sakhulupirira. Kulira kwausiku kumatha kudzetsa mantha ndikuwopa, sizachidziwikire kuti mbalameyi imakhala ngati ngwazi ya zikhulupiriro ndi zikhulupiriro zosiyanasiyana zowopsa. Kutengera njira zingapo zakusaka, zizolowezi zopanga ma pantries, kadzidzi amatha kutchedwa anzeru kwambiri, azachuma komanso anzeru. Ngati simupereka chidwi ndi zikhulupiriro zonse, ndiye kuti zimakhala zomveka kusungabe kunyumba.

Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka

Owls amakhala okhwima kwambiri pafupi ndi chaka chimodzi. Sichinali pachabe chomwe tidawatcha anzeru, chifukwa amayamba kufunafuna chibwenzi kale mwezi woyamba wa February, ndipo nthawi yaukwati imayamba mchaka chokha. Achivekere, ndi mawu awo okweza, azimayi onyengerera, ndiye ayang'anireni, ndikuwachitira zabwino.

Okonda mapiko achikondi amakwatirana wina ndi mzake ndikung'amba milomo yawo. Atakonza chisa, njirayi imayamba kuikira mazira, yomwe imatha kuyambira 2 mpaka 5. Kudikira kumayambira kuyambira dzira loyamba kuyikira, kotero anapiye amakula mosiyanasiyana ndipo akapeza zodziwika bwino, kamwana kamodzi kapena kawiri kokha kamakhala moyo, ngakhale makolo azichitira mosamala.

Akazi amachotsa mwana kamodzi kokha patsiku, ndipo ngakhale pamenepo, kwa nthawi yochepa. Nthawi yonseyi, bambo wamtsogolo yemwe amakhala ali ndi mwana amamusamalira, akumamupatsa chakudya ndikumuteteza kwa anzeru. Wamphongo amalowa m'malo mwa mnzakeyo akachoka. Nkhuku zimaswa pambuyo pa mwezi, ana amabadwa ali khungu ndipo wokutidwa ndi fluff.

Pambuyo pa mankhwalawa, anawo amakhala mnyumba ya makolo kwa milungu pafupifupi itatu, pomwe anawo amaphunzitsa ana awo maluso onse osakira. Kukula kwa mbalame kumakhala kwachangu, kotero pakatha mwezi umodzi amawoneka ngati abale awo okhwima. Nyama zazing'ono zimalandira ufulu wonse mu Ogasiti, ndikukonzekera kukakula, zomwe zimapezeka mu owulu zitha kufikira zaka khumi ndi zisanu.

Walonda owl

Chithunzi: Owl from the Red Book

Monga momwe zidafotokozera kale, kuchuluka kwa kadzidzi kukucheperachepera, komwe sikungakhudze mabungwe azachilengedwe. Kadzidzi ya bulawayi idalembedwa mu Red Book of the Moscow Region ngati yosowa. M'madera onse oyandikana nawo, izi zokhala ndi utoto zimadziwikanso kuti ndi mtundu wa Red Book. Njira zopewera zapadera m'dera la Moscow zatengedwa kuyambira 1978, ndipo mu Red Book la likulu lokha, kadzidzi idangopezeka mchaka cha 2001. Malo omwe mbalame zodyera zadyera zimatchulidwa kuti ndizotetezedwa. Zomwe zikulepheretsa apa ndi izi: nyengo yovuta, mvula yayikulu yozizira, yomwe imasokoneza kuyamwa kwa chakudya, kuchuluka kwa ma corvids omwe amatsutsana ndi kadzidzi.

Sparrow owl yalembedwa m'mabuku a Red of the Amur ndi Tula. Kulikonse komwe kumawerengedwa kuti ndikosowa, ndipo m'chigawo cha Amur kuchepa kwa chiwerengero chake chochepa kumalembedwanso. Zomwe zingakhale chifukwa cha izi ndi kuperewera kwa malo okhala nesting ndi mitundu yophunzitsidwa bwino. Kadzidzi ya boral imatha kuwoneka pamndandanda wofiira wam'magawo a Lipetsk, Ryazan ndi Tula, Mordovia. Pa gawo la zigawo za Moscow ndi Nizhny Novgorod, pali mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zimafunikira kuwongolera kwapadera pa chiwerengero chawo komanso momwe zilili. Apa, kuchuluka kwa mbalame kumawonongeka chifukwa cha kugwa kwa nkhalango zakale. Kusaka mbalamezi nkoletsedwa. Padziko lonse lapansi, mitundu yonse yazikho zomwe zalembedwa zimaphatikizidwa patsamba lachiwiri la Misonkhano ya CITES.

Mapeto ake, ndikufuna kuwonjezera, ngakhale nthano zonse zowopsa ndi zizindikiro zoyipa, kadzidzi Zikuwoneka zokongola komanso zowoneka bwino, ndipo zithunzi zakuya, zowoneka bwino, zanzeru komanso zowboola mbalame ndizongopeka. Popeza taphunzira momwe amakhalira komanso zizolowezi zawo, zikuwonekeratu kuti nyama zokhala ndi mapiko ang'onoting'ono ndiwotetemera, osamala kwambiri komanso odziyimira pawokha.