Musanayambe kukweza mahatchi a Shire, muyenera kudziwa bwino mbiri yakomwe adachokera. Nyama za mtundu uwu zimachokera ku England. Komanso, makolo akale a mahatchi oterewa amatengedwa kuti ndi gulu lakale kwambiri. Tsiku lenileni la maonekedwe ake silikudziwika mpaka pano.

Zikudziwika kuti nyama zoterezi zidayamba kutumizidwa ku gawo la England mkati mwa zaka za zana la chisanu ndi chimodzi. Kenako boma lidaganiza zothandizadi kuwerengera nyama zazikuluzikulu ngati izi. Panthawiyo, lingaliro ili linali lofunika kwambiri ku boma. Boma linapereka lamulo lapadera loletsa anthu wamba kuti azikhala ndi mahatchi akuluakulu pafamuyo. Adayenera kuwapatsa boma, kotero kuti pambuyo pake adagwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira gulu lankhondo.

Kumene adachokera

Dzinali limachokera ku liwu la Chingerezi "shire", lomwe limamasulira kuti kata. Chifukwa chake, mu mayina ambiri am'mayiko a England, mwachitsanzo, monga Cambridgeshire, Gloucestershire, Hampshire ndi ena, mawu oti "shire" amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu gawo lachiwiri la dzinalo.

Ngati tiwunika tanthauzo la dzina la amtunduwo mwatsatanetsatane, zimapezeka kuti "woyambitsa" wa mawu oti "shire" ndi mawu akale a Saxon, omwe amatanthauza malire kapena magawano.

Ndipo lero ku England kuli mawu akuti slang akuimira chigawo chapakati cha boma lino. Makamaka, "Shire" amatchedwa madera apakati a England.

Komanso, akukhulupirira kuti "kavalo wochokera ku zigawo zapakati" adalandira dzina lake kuthokoza kwa Mfumu Henry VIII. Ngati mukukhulupirira nkhaniyi, anali mfumuyi, amatchedwa "mphuno yamkuwa," anali woyamba kuitana mahatchi akuluakulu ma shires.

Kufotokozera kwa Hatchi ya Shire

Mitundu ya Shire amatanthauza zamagalimoto olemera. Amamutsogolera kuchokera ku England wakale, komwe mahatchi oterowo sanali kugwiritsidwa ntchito ponyamula katundu wolemera, komanso zolinga zankhondo, chifukwa zida zazitali zimalemera kwambiri, ndipo si nyama iliyonse yomwe imatha kupirira nthawi yayitali.

Kuti apange mtundu watsopano, akavalo aku Flanders ndi Friesian adawoloka ndi akavalo am'deralo. Kwa zaka mazana angapo, obereketsa anakwaniritsa zolinga zawo, ndipo zotsatira zake zimaposa zoyembekezera zonse.

Pakadali pano, muyezo ukutanthauza masutu atatu osiyana: bay, wakuda ndi imvi. Malo ang'onoang'ono oyera, masheya oyera pamiyendo ndivomerezeka. Kusiyana kwakukulu mahatchi shire kukula kwake - kutalika kwa stallion kuchokera 173 cm, kulemera kuchokera ku 900 kg., chifuwa kuchokera masentimita 215, metacarpus kuchokera 25 cm.

Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri ndipo mahatchi apakati amapitilira. Zowonjezera zowonjezera, chifuwa, mmbuyo, oblium mulifupi. Yaikulu kwambiri mwa olembetsedwako ndi a Samusoni (Mammoth) stallion, 2.19 mita kukwera kufota ndikulemera 1,520 kg.

Mutha kuwona kwambiri kusiyana ndi mahatchi wamba pamene munthu wayima pafupi. Zitha kuwoneka chithunzi shirekuti mahatchi awa ndi akulu kwambiri kuposa nyama zomwe timakonda.

Gawo la mwendo, lotchedwa metacarpus, lili ndi tanthauzo linalake ndipo limawonetsa kapangidwe ka tendon ndi ligaments. M'mitundu yosiyanasiyana, gawo ili la mwendo ndilosiyana, pamagalimoto akuluakulu, metacarpus imakhala yozungulira. Friezes (tsitsi kumiyendo yakumunsi) la mtunduwu ndi wokulirapo komanso wautali.

Mutu ndi wokulirapo, wokhala ndi mphumi waukulu, makutu ndi ochepa, komanso khosi lalifupi. Pali chingwe pamphuno. Thupi limakhala lolimba, miyendo ndiyolimba, yamphamvu, ziboda zake ndizazikulu. Mchira umakhala pamwamba. Mng'oma ndiwofunda, wautali. Eni akewo amakongoletsa kukongola kwake kwachilengedwe mwa kuluka mabatani osiyanasiyana, komanso kuluka ndi zingwe zowoneka bwino mu ujito.

Mkati mwa mtunduwo mulinso kusiyana pang'ono pamaonekedwe a akavalo, kutengera komwe adachokera. Chifukwa chake mahatchi awo aku Yorkshire ndiopendekera komanso zolimba. Cambridge kuluma kwambiri ndi zipatso zake pamiyendo yayitali.

Nkhani

Shire ndi mtundu wamba wa Britain wokhala ndi mahatchi, ngakhale dzina lake limatanthawuza "katauni", dzina lodziwika kwambiri ku UK. Makina olembetsera zinthu zazikulu, ngati kuti adapangira kampeni zamphamvu, akhala akudziwika kwanthawi yayitali. Koma ngati mtundu wa shire adalembetsedwa kokha kumapeto kwa zaka za XVIII, ndi kuyambira panthawiyi kuti zomwe akuchita bwino ndi zomwe awina zikuwerengedwa. Masiku ano, patadutsa zaka 140 kutulutsidwa kope loyamba, ndi nyama zokhazokha zokhazo zomwe zalembedwa mu bukhu lapadera latsatanetsatane - kutsimikizira kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito kuyesa kwa DNA.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti cholowa chimaganizidwanso pamzere wamphongo.

Woyambitsa matendawa amadziwika kuti ndi "Packington Blind Horse", wolembetsedwa m'chigawo cha Leicestershire. Awo anali mbadwa zake omwe pambuyo pake adalola mapangidwe a mafupa a mafupa kuti aziswana. Kukula, kulimba thupi, minofu yokhwima - awa ndi zizindikilo zomwe magawo oyamba adayamba kugwira ntchito yopanga kuswana. Kutchuka kwa mtundu wophunzitsidwa kunali kwakukulu kwambiri kotero kuti gulu la akavalo olembetsedwa adaliphatikiza dzina lake mu dzina lake lovomerezeka. Ku USA, amtunduwu adatumizidwa kuchokera pakati pa XIX mpaka theka loyamba la zaka za XX ndipo anali wotchuka kwambiri ngati msakatuli wazonyamula ndi zonyamula. Koma ndi kutchuka kwa mayendedwe amisewu ku UK komanso kupitirira apo, pakhala kuchepa kwakukulu kwa ziweto. M'malo mwa anthu miliyoni, masauzande adatsala akuswana, ndipo panali nyama zoweta zochepa. Masiku ano, anthu aku America ali ndi akavalo pafupifupi 2,000, pafupifupi 1,500 adalembetsa ku Britain.

Koma kuchuluka kocheperako sikumalepheretsa mafani a obereketsa kupanga chaka chilichonse chakale cha Shairov Show, chomwe chikuwonetsa oyimira ake abwino kwambiri. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti mahatchi amakono ndi ofanana pang'ono ndi makolo awo akale zaka zana zapitazo. Pakukonzanso zoweta mu 60s m'zaka za zana la 20, mitanda yokhala ndi zomata ndi guluu inali kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri., zomwe zidapangitsa kuti pakhale thupi lolimba komanso kuti zisinthe mawonekedwe a tsitsi m'miyendo yamahatchi. Masiku ano, obereketsa akugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri mbewu zomwe zimapangidwadi bwino - mwanjira imeneyi, ma shares onse aku Australia, ku Europe ndi North America atha kukhala ndi mwayi wopeza ndalama zabwino za nthawi yathu. Ku Russia, ma shares anali ogwiritsa ntchito ngati zoweta pochotsa galimoto yayikulu ya Vladimir. M'tsogolomu, kuchuluka kwa mahatchi oyeretsedwa sanasungidwe. Ndipo lero pokhapokha kufalitsa mahatchi a Shire ku Russia kukuchulukirachulukira, obereketsa achita chidwi nawo, akweza mahatchi kuti agwiritse ntchito, komanso kuthamanga kapena kuthamanga.

Mulingo wogwiritsa ntchito

Akavalo aku Shire poyamba amakhala m'gulu la magalimoto olemera - oyenda mahatchi opangidwa kuti azikhalapo pamayendedwe, mumayendedwe akunyamula kapena pansi pa khasu, ngolo. Koma ma bulu akulu ndi akulu nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyenda. Ndikusintha kwa misewu yabwino, kufunikira kwa maimidwe akulu komanso olimba kwambiri osatakasika kunasowa. Ma Shires amakono ndiophunzitsidwa bwino, nyama zochititsa chidwi momwe zimawonetsera zawo ndi mpikisano. Ku UK, amapanga magulu othamanga komanso othamanga pamtunda wautali wa 3 km. Ndipo akavalo a mtundu wa Shire amadziwonetsera okha mumipikisano iyi.

United States idapita patali. Ziweto zaku America lero ndizopepuka komanso zowerengeka, zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwonetsa kulumpha. Mipikisano ku Shire imachitika ndizolepheretsa mpaka 120 cm. Kanemayo akuwoneka bwino kwambiri. Mkati mwa ziwonetsero, ntchito za mtunduwu ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa. Akavalo amakhala ndi mphamvu yokoka, miyeso yoyerekeza, kuchepera kwa ubweya, mphamvu yolimba ndi zizindikiro zina. Ngakhale zili zonse, zoyeserera zimakhalabe mahatchi achikhalidwe chokokedwa ndi mahatchi, popanda zomwe mabwalo achifumu ndi mabwalo a aristocrats alibe.

Mitengoyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati bulu wokonzekereratu kunkhalango, kunyamula mitengo ya mowa ndikulima, pantchito yolima.

Feature

Ngati magawo oyamba anali mbadwa za akavalo olemekezeka aku Spain ndi magalimoto akuluakulu akumidzi ndipo zikuwoneka zoyenera, akavalo amakono amakhala omangidwa bwino. Zambiri mwa izi zidachitika chifukwa chosakanikirana ndi mahatchi a Flemish ndi Frisian, zomwe zidaloleza kuchepetsa chinyezi, kutipatsa chisomo pakuyenda.

Mawonekedwe

Mitundu ya Shire nthawi zonse imakopa chidwi chake ndi mawonekedwe ake okongola komanso mawonekedwe. Mulingo wake umatchulira magawo otsatirawa:

• kulemera kwa kavalo wamkulu - 850-1100 kg,
• kutalika kufota - 165-175 cm, koma anthu oposa 190 cm amapezeka,
• mutuwo ndi waukulu, wokhala ndi mbiri yotchedwa "Roma" yokhala ndi khosi lalitali kwambiri,
• chifuwa chinapangidwa bwino, chofotokozedwa bwino,
• kumbuyo ndi oblium ndi yamphamvu, yotakata bwino, yokhala ndi mchira wokwera.
• miyendo imakhala yolimba, yolimba, nthawi zonse pamakhala sock yoyera pamiyendo, yotchedwa friezes ya mtundu wosiyana.

Ponena za mtundu, zokonda za shire zimaperekedwa kwa suti ya monophonic. Kwa ma stallions wakuda, imvi, mtundu wa bay ndizovomerezeka, pamaso pa malo oyera ambiri, hatchi imakanidwa. Mtundu wa bay ndiwovomerezeka ku mares ndi ma geldings ku UK, ku USA ndikololedwa kwa amuna.

Mawonekedwe amaso amayesedwa ndi amtundu ngati omvera. Akuluakulu, amawonekera, ali ndi dongosolo pamutu. Pa mphumi mpaka pamphuno pakhoza kukhala chingwe choyera chovomerezeka ndi muyezo.

Khalidwe

Shire ndi kavalo wodekha, wophunzitsidwa bwino, wokhoza kupeza kulumikizana ndi mbuye wake. Mtunduwu umasiyanitsidwa ndi psyche yoyenera, ana azaka zitatu zakubadwa ndi maresi amaikidwa mosavuta kuyanjana ndipo mkati mwa milungu ingapo amadziwa bwino maluso onse ofunikira. Chifukwa chakunyinyirika, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pophunzitsa ana ndi akulu kukwera mahatchi.chifukwa kavalo wotere sadzanyamula ndipo adzakhala wotetezeka mokwanira kwa wokwera wosatetezeka kwambiri. Masheya okongola ndi thupi lawo lamphamvu ndi thandizo lenileni la kuswana kwamakono. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zoweta pofuna kukonza umunthu, kuwonjezera mphamvu ndi kupirira. Masheya amamangidwa ndi eni ake, mwachikondi chachikulu, amafunikira chisamaliro.

Kuswana kavalo wa Shire, ngakhale ali ndi mtundu woswana, amakwaniritsidwa mosiyanasiyana m'ndende. Sali otanganitsidwa kwambiri ndi chakudya, koma chifukwa cha kukula kwawo kwakukulu amafunika kukhala ochepa komanso malo abwino. Ngakhale mwana wamtondo amafunika khola lalikulu, lotetezedwa kukakonza ndi kusalala. Hatchi yayikulu kapena kavalo wamkulu amafunika malo owongolera. Pokonzekera timiyala, tiyenera kusamalira kuti tisunge kutentha kwambiri nthawi yozizira m'nyumba.

Zofunikira zokhala pansi zimafotokozedwanso mosamalitsa. Zipangiri ziyenera kukhala zolimba kwambiri, poganizira kuchuluka kwa nyamayo, osati yoterera, ngakhale mutakumana ndi madzi kapena zakumwa zina. Nthawi zambiri, obereketsa amasankha dongo lokulitsidwa - m'malo mwamphamvu, osagwirizana ndi zinthu zoyambira (nkhungu, mafangayi). Zinyalala zopangidwa ndi udzu kapena utuchi zimayikidwa pamwamba, pansi ndikuyenera kukhala lolimba.

Danga lililonse limakhala ndi mbale zomwera ndi zokupatsani, zopangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zomwe sizikhala ndi poizoni. Kutalika kwa kuthamanga kwawo kuyenera kuganizira kukula kwa kavalo - ma shires ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi mahatchi ena. Mukakonzekeretsa khola, ndikofunikira kupanga njira yowunikira yomwe ingapangitse mitsinje ya 200 ndi zina zambiri. Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti ndi kuwala kwa maola 16 masana, ma shires amawonetsa kugwira ntchito kwambiri, ndipo ngakhale nthawi yozizira, amakhala ndi thanzi labwino.

Kuyenda pafupipafupi ndi gawo lofunikira pazomwe zimakhala ma shires. Mukakwera kavalo, kusankha zoyenera mwachangu ndikofunikira kwambiri - gait pang'onopang'ono kapena yokhazikika ndiyabwino.

Kuyeretsa mu khola, komwe kumakhala masheya, kuyenera kuchitika tsiku ndi tsiku. Manyowa ndi manyowa ena omwe amapangidwa ndi mtundu uwu ndiwokwera kwambiri. Kuwononga dothi kumatha kusokoneza thanzi la kavalo. Panthawi yoyeretsa, gawo la zinyalala limachotsedwa ndikusinthidwa, makhoma amayeretsedwa, makapu omwera ndipo odyetsawo amasulidwa pamatope ndi zolembera. Kuti apitirize kuwoneka bwino ngati hatchi yobereketsa ya Shire, ndikokwanira kungoyeretsa nthawi zonse malaya awo ndi shampoo yapadera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinkhupule chonyowa.

Mchira wowonda ndi ma mane amazitsuka kwambiri. Mitengo yokhazikika pamiyendo imatsukidwa pafupipafupi akangopeza zotsalazo. M'chilimwe, kusamba pafupipafupi kumayenera kukhala katatu katatu pa sabata ndi zotsekemera, ndipo ndikulimbikitsidwa kosafunikira tsiku lililonse. Ubweya wamadzi umaphimbidwa ndi nsalu yokhala ndi chinyezi chambiri kapena kumazilola kuti ziume dzuwa. Pofuna kupewa kupukutira nsabwe zamatabwa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti nthawi zambiri muwoneke momwe zibowo zimayeretsera, zitsukeni litsiro, kuphimba ndi utuchi ngati zotsekemera. Chisamaliro cha anyani chikuyenera kukhala chokwanira monga nyama zazikulu.

Kudyetsa

Kupangira mahatchi a Shire kumatanthauza mwayi wopanga zakudya zachilengedwe kwambiri. Nyama, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo achilengedwe, sizifunikira zina zapadera kuti zikule komanso kumera kwa chakudya. Chakudya chachikulu ndi udzu kapena udzu watsopano, mutha kuwonjezera ufa wapadera wamasamba, masamba abwino. Masana, kavalo wamkulu amadya pafupifupi makilogalamu 20 pakudya ndipo amafunika nthawi zonse kupeza madzi abwino komanso oyera.

Kuswana

Kubzala kwa akavalo a Shire kumachitika kokha pogwiritsa ntchito mahatchi omwe amagwirizana kwathunthu ndi muyeso wapano. Maula amakhalanso osankhidwa kutengera mtundu wokhazikitsidwa, uyenera kukhala wofanana kwambiri. Mabuku otsogola masiku ano amafunikira kutsimikiziridwa mosamala za chiyambi cha munthu aliyense. Kuti apange phokoso mwa iwo, amayenera kupimitsa kuyesa kwa DNA kutsimikizira kuyera kwa magazi awo.

Pali magawano m'magulu molingana ndi mawonekedwe a nyama iliyonse. Gawo A limaphatikizaponso zoyeserera zopezeka kuchokera kuzosakhazikika zowoneka kuti sizimaphatikizidwa m'mabuku a amayi. Ndi kuswana kwina, ngati m'badwo wotsatira wobala wamkazi waamuna atakhala tate, gulu la anyani lodziwika ndi zilembo B.

Mitundu yotsatila ya mibadwo yotsatira ibereka kale ana omwe amawaganizira kuti ndi osakwatiwa.

Onani mawonekedwe a akavalo a Shire mu kanema wotsatira.

Zinthu zakunja za mtunduwo

Masheya, ngakhale anali achikale, ali ambiri omwe samapanga zambiri. Mahatchi ena olemera kwambiri komanso kukula kwake ndi oyenera kungoyenda mwamtopola, pomwe ena, akupinda ndi mahatchi akuluakulu, ali kale oyenera ma carti ndi zolimira.
Ziwalo zopangidwa mthupi mwathunthu ndizofunikira kwambiri pa mtunduwu. Msana wambiri ndi chifuwa, sacrum yomweyo imapereka mphamvu modabwitsa komanso kupirira kwa ma shires. Mahatchi amenewa amagwira thupi mwamphamvu ndipo amadya bwino.

Makhalidwe akulu amakulu

Chokwanira: wakuda, Bay, wofiyira, wodera.

Kukula kufota: 1.65 - 1.80 m.

Gwiritsani ntchito: gulu lolemera.

Zinthu: akavalo amphamvu kwambiri, komanso olemera kwambiri.

Wofiyira, imvi, Bay, wakuda - mahatchi pazokonda zilizonse. Za masheya, masheya akale (nthawi zambiri pamiyendo yakumbuyo) ndi mutu wadazi pamutu nawonso amakhala achimodzimodzi.

Shireti ya imvi yampira yokhala ndi mendulo yapamwamba

Zovuta za mtunduwu zimaphatikizira kuzizira kwamphamvu, kuzimiririka, komanso kusakhala kokwanira nthawi zonse. Komabe, zophophonya zonsezi ndizotheka kuzimiririka posachedwa, chifukwa anthu omwe ali ndi chilema pamwambapa sakhala amtengo wapatali, ndipo obereketsa akuyesetsa kuti athetse vutoli.Kudutsa pamtunda ndi mares a purebred tsopano ndi kotchuka ku England, chifukwa cha omwe mahatchi oyang'anira bwino amabadwa.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la makumi awiri, shire idawoloka ndi guluu, chifukwa chomwe adapeza mazira akuda amiyendo pamiyendo yawo. Kudutsa kumeneku kunachitika kuti athetse vuto lakumeta pakati komanso mahatchi akale. Pa miyendo yakutsogolo, zipatsozi zimamera kuchokera m'chiwuno kuzungulira mwendo wonse, ndi m'miyendo yakumbuyo, kuyambira kuyambira kumbuyo. Pakadali pano, akavalo okhala ndi chizindikiro choyera pamapazi awo akufuna pa msika.

Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe

Mahatchi aku Shire amadziwika ndi kutentha komanso kusamala. Kutakasuka kwa kasamalidwe ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunikira komanso zabwino za mtundu uwu. Chifukwa cha izi, ma shares nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozungulira ndi mahatchi ena kuti pamapeto pake azitenga anyani omvera.

Kunja ndi suti zazimphona

Chochititsa chachikulu cha akavalo omwe ali amtunduwu ndi mphumi zawo zazikulu ndi mutu wawo waukulu. Amakhalanso ndi khosi lalikulu komanso losalala. Chifuwa cha akavalo ndiwowonanso ndipo amafikira masentimita a 180-190 mu girth. Nthawi yomweyo, ziboda zawo ndizochepa komanso athyathyathya. Kwenikweni, mtundu wa Shire umadzaza kunja. Komabe, ali ndi zina zapadera. Mwachitsanzo, ali ndi kumbuyo kwakanthawi komanso khosi lomwe limakhala lalitali kwambiri. Izi sizachilendo kwa akavalo oyeserera.

Mares siakulu ngati amuna, motero amakhala otsika kwambiri kuposa iwo. Pofota amafikira pafupifupi sentimita zana limodzi ndi makumi anayi. Poterepa, oimira wamkulu kwambiri mwa amtundu amatha kukula mpaka masentimita 180-185.

Kutentha ndi kuphunzira nyama

Alimi ambiri omwe akufuna kulera nyama zotere mu ziwembu zawo amachita chidwi ndi kupsa mtima kwawo. Ena amaganiza kuti mahatchi amenewa ndi ankhanza, koma sizili choncho. Ngakhale ndi kukula komanso mawonekedwe ake, mahatchi oterowo amakhala odekha komanso okoma mtima. Ngati azisamalidwa bwino, sazunza mbuye wawo. Kukhazikika mtima kwa mahatchi kumawathandiza kuti aphunzitse bwino. Amatha kuphunzitsidwa mosavuta ndikuwongolera.

Akavalo ambiri amaphunzira magulu osiyanasiyana ndi kukhalabe okhulupirika kwa mbuye wawo.

Kodi magalimoto akuluakulu achingerezi amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji

Poyamba, mahatchi ochokera kuzinthu zamtunduwu anali m'gulu la magalimoto akuluakulu. Nthawi zambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito kulima kapena kusunthira chonyamula. Ena adawagula kuti azikonzekera kukwera pa akavalo. Komabe, popita nthawi, njira za miseu zinkayenda bwino kwambiri, ndipo nyama zotere sizinkagwiritsidwanso ntchito pamavuto. Ma shares tsopano amawonedwa kuti ndi nyama zophunzitsidwa mwachangu zomwe zimatenga nawo mpikisano wapadera kapena ziwonetsero. Mwachitsanzo, mdera la England kwa iwo mafuko amathamangitsidwa pamtunda wamakilomita atatu. Komabe, ngakhale masiku ano, nyama zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mtundu wakuthengo. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nkhalango.

Ubwino ndi Kupeza Zambiri

Magawo, monga mitundu ina ya akavalo, ali ndi zabwino zingapo komanso zovuta zomwe amayenera kuzolowera. Zina mwazabwino ndi izi:

• okwera kwambiri, chifukwa chotheka kunyamula katundu wolemera,
• kugwira ntchito molimbika ndi kupirira,
• kusazindikira zakudya,
• chisamaliro cha nyama
• mtima wodekha ndi kuphunzira,
• ulemu kwa anthu ndi nyama.

Ngakhale pali zabwino zingapo, ma Shires ali ndi vuto limodzi lalikulu. Choyipa chachikulu pazomwe mahatchi otere amakhala ndi chidwi chawo. Wachikulire amadya chakudya chowirikiza kawiri patsiku kuposa mahatchi amtundu wina uliwonse.

Zofunikira kuchipinda

Chipinda chomwe mahatchi amasungidwa ayenera kukwaniritsa izi:

• Makoma ndi zokutira pansi ziyenera kupangidwa ndi zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri zoteteza kutentha. Mukamapanga pansi, ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kuvulala kwa nyama. Iyenera kuwazidwa ndi udzu kapena utuchi. Komanso, kumtunda kumakutidwa ndi dongo lokulitsa kuti muchepetse mawonekedwe a bowa kapena nkhungu.
• Magawo omwe ali pakati pa khola ayenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi chitsulo cholimba kapena matabwa. Kutalika kwawo sikuyenera kupitirira mita imodzi.
• Danga lililonse limakhala ndi bowo lolowera mpweya wabwino. Izi zimathandizira kufalikira kwa mkati.
• Makomo ayenera kukhala ndi mipiringidzo itatu. Chifukwa cha izi, kavalo sangathe kusiya yekha pawokha.

Habitat ndi mawonekedwe a mtundu wa Shire

Monga tanena kale, mtundu wa Shire udagona ku England, pambuyo pake idayamba kufalikira ku Ireland ndi ku Scotland, kenako padziko lonse lapansi. M'zaka za m'ma 1600 pamafunika mahatchi olemera omwe amachita nawo zankhondo. Knights mu zokongoletsa pambuyo pake adachita pa akavalo.

M'zaka za XVIII, misewu idasinthidwa, maulendo olemera adayamba kuyenda pa iwo, omwe amangokokedwa ndi mabatani akulu. Kutchuka kwa mtundu uwu kwachulukanso. M'zaka za zana la XIX, ulimi udayamba kukula mwachangu, ndipo zimphona zolimba ndi zomvera zidakhala gawo lalikulu pantchito.

Kumayambiriro kwa XX century, mtunduwu udayimiriridwa kwambiri ku United States. Koma, kumapeto kwa Nkhondo Yadziko II, kufunikira kwa akavalo akulu pang'onopang'ono kunazimiririka.

Anthu adayamba kuyenda magalimoto ena, ndipo kusunga kavalo wamkulu chotere ndikodula, kotero alimi adasankha kusiya mtunduwu mokomera akavalo ang'onoang'ono.

Ngati mu 1909-1911. Ku United States, anthu opitilira 6,600 adalembetsa, mu 1959 panali oimira 25 okhawo! Ziwalo pang'onopang'ono zimatha.

Tsopano mtunduwo ukuyambanso kutchuka m'maiko onse. Izi zimachitika makamaka chifukwa cha Britain wosasamala, amene mabango siangokhala nyama zamphamvu, zothandiza komanso zothandiza, koma gawo la nkhaniyi. Gulu loweta la Shire lidapereka mphotho yapachaka ku kavalo wopambana wa mtundu uwu.

Kuchuluka kwake kunali kopatsa chidwi - mapaundi 35,000. Chitsitsimutso cha anthu chinathandizidwanso ndikukula kwa msika wogulitsa kunja. Mahatchi tsopano amachita mbali zambiri zokongola. Ziwonetsero zambiri, ziwonetsero, zokopa, ziwonetsero ndi malonda amachitika.

Kudyetsa Zinthu

Chitsimikizo chokhala ndi thanzi la kavalo aliyense ndichakudya chake choyenera. Ngakhale kuti mtundu uwu ndiwosasamala kwa chakudya, pali zina zofunika paumoyo:

• Nyama zotere zimafunikira chakudya chochuluka. Amadya pafupifupi ma kilogalamu 25-30 a udzu patsiku.
• Pazakudya zamahatchi onjezerani chakudya, chomwe chili ndi mavitamini ambiri. Mulinso maapulo, beets, kaloti kapena kabichi. Pankhaniyi, zopangidwa ndi mavitamini ziyenera kuperekedwa tsiku lililonse.
• Nyama siziyenera kupatsidwa chakudya chochuluka, komanso kuvala pamwamba kuti zizikulitsa.
• Ana a nkhumba amayenera kuthiriridwa ndi madzi oyera okha, popanda zowonjezera zina.

Zaukhondo ndi Kusamalira Akavalo

Hatchi iliyonse imafunika chisamaliro choyenera. Mchira ndi ma mane amayenera kutsukidwa nthawi zonse ndikuyeretsa zotsalira. Iyenera kumetedwa ndi kulukidwa nthawi ndi nthawi ngati kuli kotentha kwambiri. Pamasiku achilimwe, mahatchi amayenera kusambitsidwa nthawi zonse m'madzi ozizira. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito ma shampoos apadera pamahatchi.

Nditamaliza njira zamadzi, thupi lahatalo limasesedwa ndi thaulo louma.

Ndikofunikira kuyeretsa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti pasamve fungo losasangalatsa. Zowonongeka zofunika siziyenera kuloledwa kudziunjikira mkati, chifukwa zimathandizira pakukula kwa mabakiteriya.

Msipu

Amadyetsa nyama nthawi yotentha, pakakhala udzu wobiriwira kwambiri mumsewu. Nthawi zambiri, mahatchi amamasulidwa kuti azidyetsa theka lachiwiri la Meyi komanso June. Nyama zimayenera kudyetsa tsiku lililonse kwa maola awiri ndi atatu. Sikoyenera kuti ziwonongeke nthawi zambiri motero sikofunikira kuwasiya kwa nthawi yayitali kubusa. Msipu sutha kukhala pafupi ndi pakati pa Ogasiti, pomwe kuchuluka kwa udzu wobiriwira kumachepera.

Horseshoe

Si chinsinsi kuti pakapita nthawi, ziboda za mahatchi zimayamba kuzimiririka. Komanso, ngati akukhala m'malo achilengedwe, izi zimachitika pang'onopang'ono. Mahatchi omwe akukhala pafamu, kuwononga ziboda nthawi zambiri kumachitika mwachangu. Chifukwa chake, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchita nawo nsapato kuti zisathe mwachangu. Kuvala nsapato za hoof kuyenera kuyendetsedwa ndi akatswiri odziwa bwino izi. Sikoyenera kukhazikitsa nokha kavalo.

Katemera ndi kupewa matenda

Mukamaweta mtundu wa Shire, chilichonse chiyenera kuchitidwa kuti matenda asatulukire komanso kutukuka. Pali njira zomwe zingathandize kupewa matenda:

• katemera wa nyama nthawi zonse molingana ndi malangizo a veterinarian,
• tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komanso makapu omwera ndi othandizira mkati,
• kuteteza chikho kuti chisapezeke zolemba mkati,
• kukhalabe wouma komanso bwino kuwunikira m'khola,
• chithandizo cha masika ndi chilimwe motsutsana ndi nkhupakupa,
• kuwonjezera mavitamini osiyanasiyana pakudya kulimbitsa chitetezo chathupi.

Kubala ndi kutalikitsa kwa mtunduwo

Anthu omwe akufuna kubereketsa mtunduwu sayenera kungotengera mawonekedwe a nyamayo, komanso kuti awone ngati ikugwirizana ndi muyezo. Maimamu ayenera kukhala ndi thupi lofanana ndi lamphongo. Zimaloledwa kuti zizikhala zazing'ono pang'ono pazigawo. Pakukhwima, ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito stallion yoyera kuti mukhale ana abwino komanso oyera. Akavalo oyera, amatha kukhala ndi moyo woposa zaka makumi atatu. Komabe, chiyembekezo cha moyo chimadalira momwe zinthu zinachitikira.

Mtengo wapakati wa kavalo

Aliyense angathe kugula kavalo wachingelezi. Komabe, izi zisanachitike muyenera kudziwa kuti ndi ndalama zingati. Mtengo wa nyama yoteroyo ndiwokwera kwambiri. Nthawi zina chimafika ma ruble miliyoni ndi theka. Komanso, mtengo wapakati ndi ma ruble a 350-400,000.

Mtengo womaliza wa stallion kapena mare zimatengera zinthu zingapo. Itha kukhudzidwa ndi jenda, zaka, komanso thanzi.

Zambiri zosangalatsa za mtunduwu

Pali zina zosangalatsa pankhani ya mtundu wa Shire:

• Mahatchi awa amawoneka kuti ndi okulirapo, popeza ena a iwo amakula mpaka mamita awiri,
• Poyamba, oyesawo sanagwiritse ntchito m'munda, koma ponyamula katundu,
• malo ogulitsa mowa ku England pakadali pano amagwiritsa ntchito mahatchi amenewa kunyamula mowa.

Kufotokozera za mtundu wa Shire

Hatchi ya Shire ndizovuta kusokoneza ndi mtundu wina. Izi ndi nyama zokongola kwambiri, zochititsa chidwi ndi minofu ndi ma tendon. Zachitikazi ndizolondola, zogwirizana. Kumbuyo kuli kochepa, kwamphamvu, chifuwa ndichachikulu. Mapewa akuyenda. Khosi limakhala lalitali, lopindika pang'ono. Mutu ndi wochepa thupi, wautali. Mchira umakhala pamwamba. Mitunduyo ili ndi mikhalidwe yambiri.

Zithunzi za akavalo aku Shire

• Kutalika kwakukulu kwa kavalo ndi masentimita 185 pakufota. Kutalika kwa kavalo wa Shire ndi 219 masentimita kufota.
• Kulemera kwa oimira kumatha kufika 1500 kg.

• Tibia mpaka 32 cm.
• Masuti ali pafupi ndi aliwonse: bay, ofiira, opindika, wakuda, imvi.
• Pali malo owoneka bwino pamutu ndi miyendo.
• Mng'oma ndi mchira wake ndi zokongola kwambiri.

Mitundu ya Shire

Mu mahatchi amaofesi a Shire anasakanikirana ndi mahatchi ndi magalimoto akuluakulu. Kunja, zikuwoneka ngati ma bwalo, koma amaonedwa ngati mathiraki akulemera. Anthu pawokha ndi olimba mtima, chifukwa chake sachita mantha ndi ntchito zovuta. Nthawi zambiri amaphunzitsidwa masewera othamanga komanso ngakhale masewera osiyanasiyana.

Chithunzi cha Shaira Karakova

Awa ndi mahatchi olimbitsa thupi, amafunika kuyenda pafupipafupi, sangakhalebe m'malo okhalitsa kwa nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zazikulu, kavalo wachingelezi wagwiritsidwa ntchito kalekale pantchito zaulimi. Amatha kugwira ntchito iliyonse. Makhalidwe awo ndi odekha, koma salola mwamwano. Izi ndi nyama zonyadira zomwe zimawoneka kuti sizidzatha.

Chithunzi chahatchi ya Shire

• Mahatchi amtunduwu amatha kusungidwa pokhapokha m'malo omasuka.
• Chifukwa chokhala ndi tsitsi lalitali pamapazi awo, limatha kunyowa msanga, kukhala lauve. Chifukwa chake, khola liyenera kukhala louma nthawi zonse. Zojambula ndi kuzimiririka ndizosavomerezeka.
• Mchipinda chomwe nyamayo imakhalamo, payenera kukhala chilichonse chofunikira, monga nyansi zatsopano, zouma, madzi abwino ofundira m'chipinda ndi chakudya.
• Kuyenda ndikofunikira kwambiri pa mtundu uwu. Chifukwa chake mu msipu amafunika kumasulidwa tsiku ndi tsiku, ngati nyengo ilola. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kupatsa chiweto ntchito zolimbitsa thupi kuti mafupa ndi minofu ikhale bwino.
• Pambuyo pakuyenda kulikonse, ziboda zimatsukidwa, ndipo ubweya umatsukidwa, ngati umafukusidwa, ndikutuluka.

• Zofota ndi mchira zimayenera kumetedwa ndikusambitsidwa nthawi zonse. Mutha kusamba pafupifupi kamodzi masiku atatu, koma ndikofunikira kuphatikiza tsiku lililonse, makamaka ngati nyamayo imayenda pafupipafupi mumlengalenga. Nthawi yomweyo, mutha kutsuka kwathunthu kavalo, kuphatikiza.
• Onani momwe mano, makutu ndi ziboda zake nthawi zambiri.
• Potengera matenda omwe akuwakayikira (zizindikilo zakunja, kupha mphamvu kapena mawonekedwe achilendo a chiweto), muyenera kuyitanitsa veterinarian kuti muwone momwe mahatchiwo alili ndikupereka mankhwala ngati kuli koyenera.

Kodi kudyetsa akavalo a Shire?

Zakudya zoyenera kwa mtundu wa Chingerezi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Ichi ndi nyama yayikulu yomwe imafunikira michere yambiri. Ngati chakudyacho sichikuphatikizidwa moyenera, pakhoza kukhala mavuto ndi maonekedwe kapena thanzi la kavalo.

Mitengo ya ku Shire imadziwikanso kuti Lori yaku Chingelezi.

Maziko a chakudyacho ndi roughage (hay, silage, udzu). Chakudya chophatikiza ndi kuwonjezera pa chakudya. Nthawi zambiri, m'mene mahatchi akunyamula kwambiri, ndiye kuti pamafunika chakudya chochuluka. Muyeneranso kuphatikiza chimanga, masamba, zipatso, ndi udzu watsopano, zomwe mahatchi amatha kupeza msipu, muzakudya.

Kufotokozera ndi Makhalidwe a English Shire Horse

Galimoto yaku Chingerezi yolemetsa ndiyitali komanso yolemetsa. Dzinali limachokera ku Chingerezi "shir", chomwe chimatanthawuza "katauni". Ili ndi chiyambi chakale, koma nthawi yomweyo, unyinji wazoweta sizili zonse. Mtundu wake umasiyana kwambiri ndi mahatchi olemera kwambiri komanso kukula kwake, oyenera kungoyenda mwakachetechete, kumata ndi kukulira matakata ndi zolimira.

Mahatchi amenewa, monga a Suffolks, amadya bwino. Thupi limagwidwa mwamphamvu. Koma ngakhale zili choncho, ali ndi zovuta zina zomwe zimawonetsedwa ndikuwonetsa - kutulutsa kwamphamvu, kuzimiririka, komanso kusakwanira kwa nthawi zina. Mwa kutsatira ulalo mutha kudziwa zambiri za kavalo wa Oryol komanso chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amayambitsidwa.

Kanemayo - zambiri zokhudzana ndi mtunduwu:

Makulidwe, kulemera kwa akavalo

Chofunikira pa mtundu uwu ndi kakulidwe ka thupi. Cifuwa ndi msana ndizotakata mokwanira, monga sacrum. Amapereka nyonga yayikulu ndi kupirira munyama. Thupi zogwira zolimba.

Malinga ndi magwero osiyanasiyana, kutalika kwakukulu kumapeto kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 160 mpaka 185. Kulemera kumafika pafupifupi matani 1.2. M'zaka za zana la 19, akavalo amtunduwu adasiyanitsidwa ndi mutu wawukulu wozungulira wokhala ndi mawonekedwe owonekera pang'ono, pamphumi yokulirapo, khosi lalitali komanso lopanda minyewa, kufooka pang'ono, komanso miyendo yamphamvu yomwe idakhazikika pakati pa miyendo yamphamvu. Koma kodi kukula kwa mahatchi amtundu wa Arabia ndi chifukwa chiyani amapanga mtundu wotere, mutha kudziwa kuchokera patsamba lino.

Chokwanira

Pazonse, pamakhala magawo opindika osiyanasiyana: imvi, Bay, yakuda, yofiira. Kugawana malo kumatha kupezeka mwa anthu ena, koma sikuti ndi gawo la kuswana kwazomwe mukusankha. Mitundu yawo imakhala yoyera masokisi oyera, omwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka pamiyendo yakumbuyo. Pali malo amodzi pamutu. Koma mahatchi a mtundu wa Akhal-Teke ndi amtundu wanji ndipo ndi mtengo wake, mukuonera pano.

Makhalidwe ena

Zoyipa za mtunduwu zimaphatikizapo kusanza komanso kuzizira kwamphamvu. Anthu oterewa "amakana", chifukwa chake zolakwitsa izi, malinga ndi obereketsa, zidzathetsedwa posachedwapa. Izi zimachitika powoloka nyama za ku Shire ndi mares a purebred.

Kuyambira 50s ya zaka zapitazi, atadutsa ndi kledesdaly, mtunduwo unatenga miyala yamkaka yoterera pamiyendo, kuyambira ndi dzanja kapena khasu. Adachita izi kuti athetse vutoli ndikuluma kwapakati. Masiku ano, anthu odziwika kwambiri pamsika ndi omwe ali ndi zilembo zoyera kumapazi awo.

Muthanso kukhala ndi chidwi chofuna kudziwa momwe kavalo wa Friesian amawonekera komanso chifukwa chake.

Kanemayo - kufotokoza kwa mawonekedwe a kavalo:

Mahatchi amtunduwu amadziwika makamaka ndi mawonekedwe awo - mawonekedwe abata, odekha, osamalira bwino. Amaonedwa ngati zabwino zazikulu za mtundu uwu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mukamadutsa, ma shires nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa - kuti akhale ndi zotsatira zomvera.

Nthawi zambiri nyamazo zimakhala zoyenera kuchitapo kanthu kapena kavalidwe kakang'ono. Kulowa nawo ndulu ndikovuta. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kuwaletsa ngati awa ndivuta. Chifukwa chake, ndizosatheka kubalalitsa wokwera wosadziwa zambiri.

Mahatchi amtunduwu safuna kukonzedwa mwapadera. Izi zimapangitsa kukhala kwawo m'mbuyomu - kuyambira ankhondo kupita kumafamu. Pochoka, amakhala odzikuza.

Zoyenera kumangidwa

Awa ndi mahatchi paulimi. Amachita zinthu mosamala, motero amasungidwa mnyumba. Koma nthawi yomweyo, zingapo zingapo ziyenera kudziwika:

1. Onetsetsani kuti mwatchera khutu mkhalidwe wa ma friezes - maburashi pamiyendo. Ayenera kutsukidwa bwino, kutsukidwa ndi kupukutidwa. Kuperewera kwa chisamaliro chotere kumayambitsa mawonekedwe a mokret - mawonekedwe apadera a dermatitis omwe amakhudza miyendo yamahatchi kumapiri.
2. Pambuyo poyenda, miyendo yokhala ndi zipatsozi imatsukidwa bwino ndikumawaza ndi utuchi. Amachotsedwa pambuyo pake.
3. Kusamalira chingwe chobowola ndi maulinso ndikosavuta. - iyenera kuchotsedwapo ndi kutsukidwa.
4. M'chilimwe, kavalo amatsukidwa kawiri pa sabata ndi shampoo ndi mawonekedwe.
5. Pakutentha, ma mane amatha kulumikizidwa kukhala ma braids kuti asatenthe.

M'chilimwe, msipu suyenera. Perekani mayendedwe apamwamba. Nthawi yakula ndi kukula kwa kavalo, simungathe kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito ndi ana ndi achinyamata. Mwambiri, nyamayi sifunikira mikhalidwe yapadera ndipo imakhalabe ndi moyo mwanjira iliyonse.

Yerekezerani ndi Mitundu ina

Kodi tinganene chiyani za a Shaira ngati tiwayerekezera ndi mitundu ina? Amasiyana:

• Kusavuta, kusinthasintha. Ndiye chifukwa chake amatchedwa "zimphona zabwino."
• Miyeso yayikulu. Kutalika kwa kufota kwawo ndikosangalatsa, komanso miyeso yonse.
• Chakudya chachikulu. Mwachilengedwe, magulu oterewa amafunika chakudya chokwanira.
• Mphamvu ndi mphamvu. Sali oyenera kuthamangitsa masewera, koma m'mbuyomu adagwiritsidwa ntchito paulimi. Tsopano amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nyama pogwira ntchito ndi ana, komanso pazowonetsa zosiyanasiyana ndi mpikisano.

M'pofunikanso kuphunzira zambiri za momwe mtundu wa akavalo aku Hanoverian amawonekera komanso chifukwa chake.

Munjira zambiri, ali ngati magalimoto amtundu wa Vladimir. Omaliza, mwa njira, adachotsedwa ku ma Shires, kuti azitha kukhala m'malo ozizira aku Russia.

Mu kanemayo - kavalo akuyenda:

Muyenera kukhala ndi chidwi chofuna kudziwa momwe mtengo wa kavalo wa Holstein uliri komanso momwe ulili wosavuta kulukweza.

Mtengo wamahatchi

Mtengo wa kavalo ndi wokwera kwambiri - mpaka 1.5 miliyoni pa munthu aliyense wamkulu. Pafupifupi ma ruble 300,000 amatengedwa kuti akhale thumba. Munjira zambiri, mtengo umadalira kutsatira miyezo ya mtundu, njira ndi zina. Ndikofunikanso kulingalira kuti ngati nyamayo ipulumutsidwa kuchokera kutali, ndiye kuti ogula azilipiranso chifukwa chonyamula.

Kusamalira kavalo wa Shire ndi mtengo

Kupanda kutero, shire imatha kukhala ndi nsabwe ya nkhuni kumapazi ake. Ili ndi matenda osasangalatsa omwe ndi osavuta kupewa. Pambuyo poyenda, muyenera kusambitsa mapazi anu ndi ziboda, kuwaza ndi utuchi ndi chisa pambuyo pake.

Kwa mane ndi mchira wa fluffy, chisamaliro chapadera sichofunikira, mumangofunikira kuphatikiza ndikumayeretsa litsiro. Mukatentha, mutha kuluka kabatani kuchokera kumanjawo kuti tsitsi lisasweke. M'nyengo yotentha, muyenera kutsuka kavalo wanu kawiri pa sabata ndi shampoo pogwiritsa ntchito chowongolera mpweya.

Chingerezi galimoto yayikulu shire zitha kutero gula koma muyenera kukonzekera kuti mtengo wa kavalo wamkulu ndiwokwera kwambiri, ndipo umafikira ma ruble 1.5 miliyoni. Mutha kugula mwana wa foal pamtengo wa 300,000.

Koma mtengo wotsiriza udzadalira zinthu zambiri. Choyamba, zaka komanso jenda zimakhudza mtengo. Mwachirengedwe, mahatchi athanzi ndiwofunika mtengo wokwera, wokhala ndi ziphaso zoyenera ndi chitsimikiziro kuchokera kwa veterinarian kuti nyamayo ndiyathanzi, adalandira katemera nthawi ndi zina.

Chofunika kwambiri ndi mphotho, zomwe nyamayo idachita pazionetsero zosiyanasiyana, kuchita nawo mpikisano. Amathandizira kufunikira kwakunja. Samalani kuti wogulitsa ndi ndani, mbiri yake ndi yotani. Zachidziwikire, ngati nyamayo ili kutali, ndiye kuti mwini wake wam'tsogolo amalipirira mayendedwe ake.

Chakudya cha Mahatchi a Shire

Mwini aliyense amasankha zoti adyetse ziweto zake. Mahatchi onse amatha kusungidwa bwino, koma pamafunika udzu ndi udzu. Magawo, chifukwa cha kukula kwawo kwakukulu, amadya zochulukira.

Kwa tsiku limodzi, magalimoto olemera amadya ma kilogalamu 12-15 a udzu kapena udzu. Koma safuna kukhathamiritsa; kuwapatsa sikofunika. Chovala chapamwamba pakukula sichofunikira konse.

Ndikofunika kuphatikiza ufa wazitsamba, mafuta amafuta monga chakudya chopatsa thanzi. M'chilimwe cha chakudya chotere, mutha kupereka kuchokera pa kilogalamu 5 mpaka 7. Komanso, chiweto chanu chimakhala chosangalala ndi masamba ndi zipatso - beets ndi kaloti, maapulo. Nyama iyenera kumamwa nthawi zonse.

Kuyambira wamkulu mpaka english ndi wakuda

M'tsogolomu, kukula kwa mafakitale ndi ulimi, kufunikira kwakunyamuka kuti kusunthire mitengo yayikulu. Zinali zoyendera kotero kuti anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito "mahatchi akulu".

"Hatchi yayikulu" kuyambira koyambira pang'onopang'ono imasinthira kukhala oyang'anira. Mbiri ya m'zaka za zana la 16 ikuwonetsa kuti akavalo amapezeka nthawi zambiri m'misewu yosweka ya England pakagwa mvula yambiri ndi kuzizira, amatha kusuntha katundu wolemera kuposa matani atatu. Pamodzi ndi kukula kwa ntchito zamafakitale ndi ulimi, kuchuluka kwa "akavalo akulu" kudakula.

Panthawi imeneyi, mahatchi a Frisian, Flemish ndi Germany adabweretsedwa ku England. Ndipo, monga momwe zidalili, pomaliza, si onse aku Germany omwe ali apamwamba komanso ogwira ntchito.

Chifukwa chake, "magazi" a stallions aku Germany sanakhale ndi phindu lililonse pakupanga mtundu wa Shire. Koma malo achitetezo a Frisian ndi Flemish adathandizira pazomwe zimatchedwa kuti Shire. A Frisians adawonjezera pa chithunzi cha "kavalo wamkulu" wopepuka komanso kusintha kosuntha, ndipo Flemings pomaliza adapanga mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe.

M'zaka za zana la XVII, chifukwa cha utoto wakuda wa akavalo a Flemish, omwe amadutsa ndikuwoloka, "wamkulu" adayamba kutchedwa "khwangwala Wachingerezi". Malinga ndi magwero, wolemba dzinali anali wamkulu wa boma la Chingerezi komanso wamkulu wa Oliver Cromwell.

Komabe akukhulupiliranso kuti yemwe anayambitsa banja lonse la Shire ndipo woyamba wa mtunduwu anali wojambula wotchedwa Packington Blind Horse (Blind Stallion wochokera ku Packington), yemwe adakhala theka lachiwiri la zaka za XVIII. m'mudzi waung'ono wa Packington, Leicestershire.

Sizikudziwika mwatsatanetsatane chifukwa chomwe stallion adalandira dzina lachilendo. Kaya anali wakhungu kwenikweni kapena ambuye ake anali ndi lingaliro loyambirira.

M'zaka za m'ma 1800, ma shares adakhala mtundu wotchuka kwambiri komanso wotchuka ku England. Kutchuka kotere sikungalephereke ndi obereketsa mahatchi akunja, akatswiri ndi akatswiri wamba.

Kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19, kutumizidwa kwa mahatchi ochulukirapo kumayiko aku North America kunayamba, ndipo kumayambiriro kwa makumi awiriwo kuwoneka ku Russia.

Buku lafuko

Mu 1878, Old English Tribal Horse Society idapangidwa ndipo buku loyambirira lakale lidapangidwa. M'mawu oyambira koyamba, a Sir Walter Gilbey alemba za kulimba mtima, mphamvu komanso kukongola kwa mtundu womwe udagonjetsa wandale wamkulu waku Roma komanso wamkulu wa Julius Caesar.

Mu 1884, Old English Breeding Horse Society adasinthidwa kukhala Shire Horse Society. Masiku ano bukulo lili ndi magawo atatu. Gawo loyamba, mahatchi oyera kwambiri amalembetsedwa. M'magawo otsatirawa, akavalo obadwa chifukwa cha "zolakwika" amalowetsedwa.

Kuwerengera zakafuko ndizokhwima kwambiri ndikuwongoleredwa pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri.. Kulembetsa mu gawo lililonse la bukuli, chitsimikiziro chovomerezeka cha makolo ndi chofunikira. M'mbuyomu, kuyesedwa kwa magazi kunachitika kuti adziwe ngati bambo, koma ndikupanga ukadaulo wapamwamba, DNA ikuyesedwa kale.