Rainbow Cichlasoma (Cichlasoma synspilum) ndi nsomba yayikulu, yosangalatsa. Zachidziwikire, mwayi wake ndi mtundu wowala, wowoneka bwino. Ndipo zovuta zake nthawi zina zimakhala zachiwawa, zachinyengo.

Zinali zotheka kuwona malo osungirako zinyalala okhala ndi utawaleza, momwe amakhalamo, paketi yakuda ndi ma labiatums angapo. Komanso, ngakhale phukusi lakuda, lomwe linali lalikulu kwambiri kuposa utawaleza, linasungulumwa pakona.

Kukhala mwachilengedwe

Rainbow cichlazoma ndi mitundu yotsika yomwe imakhala mumtsinje wa Usumacinta komanso beseni lake, yomwe imadutsa kumadzulo kwa Mexico ndi Guatemala. Zimapezekanso ku Peninsula ya Yucatan, kumwera kwa Mexico.

Amakonzekera kukhala m'malo okhala ndi pang'onopang'ono nyanja kapena m'madziwe opanda ndalama. Nthawi zina utawaleza umapezeka m'matupi amadzi amchere, koma sizikudziwika ngati ukhoza kukhalako nthawi yayitali.

Kufotokozera

Utawaleza ndi nsomba yayikulu yomwe imatha kukula mpaka 35cm komanso kutalika mpaka zaka 10. Ngakhale onse amakula ang'ono mu aquarium. Ali ndi mawonekedwe amphamvu, olimba mtima kumutu.

Ili ndi dzina la mtundu wake wowala, kuyambira kumutu mpaka pakati pa thupi limakhala lofiirira wowoneka bwino, kenako amabwera wachikaso, nthawi zina wakuda wokhala ndi mitundu mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu ina.

Kuphatikiza apo, akamakula, mtunduwo umangokulirapo, ndipo nthawi zina zimatenga mpaka zaka 4 kuti utoto wowala kwambiri ukhale wabwino.

Kudyetsa

Mwachilengedwe, amadya kwambiri pazakudya zam'mera. Zipatso, njere, zomera zam'madzi ndi algae ndizomwe zimapanga bwino. Koma, mu aquarium, iwo amadzichitira ulemu podyetsa.

Maziko azakudya amathanso kudyetsa ma cichlids akuluakulu. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kudyetsa zakudya zama protein: shrimp, nyama ya mussel, fillet ya nsomba, nyongolotsi, crickets ndi zina zambiri. Onetsetsani kuti mudyetsa zakudya zamasamba, mwachitsanzo, zukini kapena nkhaka zosankhika ndipo mudye ndi spirulina.

Popeza ili ndi nsomba yayikulu kwambiri, kuchuluka kocheperako kumachokera ku malita 400 kapena kupitilira apo. Kutentha kosunga utawaleza cichlazoma ndi 24 - 30 ° C, koma ngati mukufuna kuti nsomba ikhale yogwira kwambiri, ndiye kuti mwayandikira kwambiri. Acidity m'dera la 6.5-7.5, kuuma 10 - 15 ° H.

Ponena za kukongoletsa ndi dothi, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito miyala yabwino kapena mchenga ngati dothi, popeza utawaleza umakonda kukumba. Chifukwa chaichi, kusankha kwa mbeu ndizochepa, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu kapena masamba osakhala ndi masamba, ndikubzala mbewu m'miphika.

Mwambiri, mbewu zomwe zimakhala m'madzimo ndizokhazikika ndipo mutha kuzichita popanda iwo. Ndikwabwino kuwonjezera nkhono zazikulu, coconuts, miphika ndi malo ena momwe nsomba zimakonda kubisala. Komabe, zonsezi ziyenera kukonzedwa modalirika, chifukwa utawaleza wamacilacous amatha kukumba ndi kusuntha zinthu.

Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito fayilo yamphamvu ndikusintha kwina kwa sabata ndi gawo lamadzi ndi madzi abwino.

Kugwirizana

Cichlid wokwanira wokwiyitsa. Ndizotheka kusamalira bwino nsomba zina zazikulu, monga labiatum kapena diamondi cichlazoma, popereka aquarium yayikulu mokwanira.

Koma, mwatsoka, palibe zitsimikiziro. Nsomba zimatha kukhala bwinobwino komanso kumenya nkhondo nthawi zonse. Nthawi zambiri banja lokalamba limakhala lokhazikika wina ndi mnzake, koma amalimbana mpaka kufa ndi ma cichlazomas ena ama utawaleza.

Chifukwa, mwachitsanzo, zinali zotheka kuwona m'malo ogulitsira malo osungika bwino komanso okonzedwa, omwe anali ndi utawaleza umodzi, citron cichlazoma ndi paketi yakuda. Ngakhale zolimba, paca ndi macron cichlazomas nthawi zonse amakhala pakona imodzi, pomwe utawaleza unkawatsogolera.

Monga lamulo, kuti ndipange banja, ndimagula nsomba zisanu ndi zitatu, ndiye kuti awiri amapangidwa, ena onse amatayidwa.

Kuswana

Vuto lalikulu pakuphika ma cichlases amkati ndikutola awiri omwe sangamenyane. Vutoli litatha, ndiye kuti kupeza mwachangu sikovuta.

Okwatirana amakonzera malo a caviar, nthawi zambiri mwala kapena khoma pobisalira. Malowa azitsukidwa bwino ndikuchotsa zinyalala.

Koma, pakuyeretsa kotere, mwamunayo amatha kukhala wankhanza kwa mkaziyo, izi ndizabwino, koma ngati amenya mkaziyo mwamphamvu, ndiye kuti akuyenera kuchotsedwa kapena gululi lizigwiritsa ntchito.

Mukatulutsa, m'masiku atatu mazira amaswa, ndipo pakatha masiku 4 azisambira. Muyenera kudyetsa ndi nauplii wa Artemia, pang'onopang'ono kusamukira kuma feed akuluakulu.

Makolo akupitiliza kusamalira mwachangu, koma amatha kusintha malingaliro awo ngati akukonzekera kupyoza kwatsopano. Pankhaniyi, mwachangu ndibwino kubzala.

Kubalana ndi cichlase synspilum

Kukula kumachitika pambuyo pa zaka 1.5-2 za moyo. Muyenera kunyamula angapo ali aang'ono kuchokera pagulu la nsomba. Yaimuna imasiyanasiyana ndi yaikazi pamafuta akulu pamphumi.

Kufotokozera kwa Silver argentei kapena cichlazoma siliva / vieja argentea mafotokozedwe, nkhani, zakudya, chithunzi - 5.0 kuchokera 5 kutengera mavoti atatu

Chakudya chopatsa thanzi

Chakudya: gawo lalikulu la chakudyacho ndi chakudya cham'mera (mwachitsanzo, algae), ndi chakudya chamakedzana, shrimp ndi mussels ndizongowonjezera.

Mtengo 5.00 (Mavoti 3)

Vieja wofiira-mutu (Vieja synspila). Dzinalo limachokera ku Greek "syn" (palimodzi) ndi "spilos" (banga).

Zimatanthawuza Mzere wa mawanga amdima "osakanizidwa", kuchoka pa tsinde la caudal kupita pakati pa thupi.

Utawaleza wa tsikhlazoma amakhala m'malo otsika a mitsinje, komanso m'madzi ambiri. Nthawi zina amapezeka m'madzi opanda brake, koma samakhala mmenemo.

Bzalani zakudya mu malo achilengedwe; mu aquarium imatha kudya chakudya chouma chamacichlids, chokhala, mazira owundana, shrimps, mussels, nsomba zazing'ono, ndikofunikanso kupereka chomera ndi spirulina.

Kutalika - amuna mpaka 40 cm, chachikazi mpaka 25 cm. Thupi ndilokwera, lodzaza. Thupi ndi zipsepse zimakhala zofiira-chikasu-zobiriwira-buluu ndi ma tepi a amayi-a-peyala, mutu umakhala utoto wa rasipu. Kuchokera pa caudal peduncle mpaka pakati pa thupi pali mzere wampangidwe wazowoneka zakuda. Iris ndi mphonje.

Wamphongo ndi wamkulu komanso wowoneka bwino kuposa wamkazi. Komanso, amuna akamakula, chimphona chowoneka bwino pamphumi.

Mu aquarium, nthaka yabwino ndiyabwino, fyuluta yabwino, kukonzanso, kusintha kwamadzi sabata iliyonse mpaka 30-35% kumafunikira. Komanso mu aquarium muyenera kupereka miyala, mapanga, mabowo kuti mutha kubisala.
Utawaleza sugwirizana ndi mbewu za cichlazoma; Ndikwabwino kusungitsa ana mu gulu la anthu asanu ndi limodzi, achikulire - pagulu lokhazikika. Itha kusungidwa ndi ma cichlids a Central America, koma pokhapokha m'madzimo akuluakulu opitilira 500 malita.

Amuna ndi okulirapo kuposa akazi, ali ndi mphumi. Mu nsomba zazing'ono, kugonana kumakhala kovuta kudziwa.

Kulera ndikotheka kokha ndi awiri oyanjana bwino. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kutenga kagulu ka nsomba zazing'ono za anthu 6-8 ndikuwalola kuti asankhe wokwatirana naye akamakula.
Awiri otsogola amayenera kusankhidwa kuti athe kuswana, ndipo awiriawiri ayenera kuchotsedwa mu aquarium. Monga malo okumbika, mwala wosalala nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kusintha kumakhala ndi mazira 500. Pakutulutsa, yamphongo imakhala yolimba kwambiri kwa mkazi, imatha kupha, pankhaniyi, ndibwino kubzala wamkazi.

Pakadutsa masiku atatu, mphutsi zimaswa kumazira ndipo pakatha masiku enanso atatuyo amasambira ndikuyamba kudya okha. Fryayo azidyetsedwa ndi Artemia nauplii kapena zakudya zosanunkha. Makolo onse awiri amasamalira mwachangu, koma ikafika nthawi yotsatira, iwo amakhala okwiya ndipo mwachangu amachotsedwa.

Chiyembekezo cha moyo wa Rainbow Cichlasoma ndi zaka 10.

Mwachilengedwe: kuuma 10-20 dGH, pH 7.0-8.0, kutentha 24-30 ° C.

Kukuchotsa: kuuma 10- 10 dGH, pH 7.0-8.0, kutentha 25- 28 ° С.

M'dziko lathu, Vieja synspila yakhala ikusungidwa kuyambira 1980, komabe, idangogawidwa kokha m'zaka zaposachedwa, pamene ma aquarium akuluakulu adagwiritsidwa ntchito ponseponse, ndipo ma cichlazomas akuluakulu adadziwika.
Vutoli limafotokozanso za kulondola kwa mafotokozedwe amtunduwu m'mabuku a zaka zapitazo. Mwachitsanzo, A.S. Polonsky (1996) alemba za V. synspila ngati nsomba mpaka 10 cm, akufuna ma aquariums okhala ndi malita 100 kapena kupitilira.

(Cichlasoma synspilum) - cichlid wamkulu waku South America, yemwe ali mu ukapolo amatha kufikira masentimita 25. Khalidwe losangalatsa la cichlid ndi mtundu wake wowala limapangitsa kuti zomwe zili mu aquarium ndizosangalatsa kwambiri. Mtundu wa nsombazo umatha kusiyanasiyana ndi mtundu wa pinki mpaka wachikasu komanso wabuluu. Nsomba zikamakula, nthawi yamafuta pamphumi yaimuna imakulira kukula, ndipo utoto wake umakhala utoto wowala.

Maonekedwe awiriawiri chaka choyamba cha moyo. Mudakali aang'ono, kuyesa koyamba kumakhala kotheka, komwe nthawi zambiri sikumabweretsa kutsiriza kwa mwachangu. Pofika zaka ziwiri, toyesa achinyamata amafika msamba ndikuyamba kuphuka. Okwatirana omwe alipo kale moyo wonse. Nsomba ndizopanda malo, koma ngati pali malo okwanira okhala, amatha kusungidwa mosavuta ndi mitundu ina yaying'ono yama cichlids aku America.

Chinsinsi cha kukonzanso kwa utawaleza kwa utawaleza ndiko kusankha kolondola kwa kuchuluka kwa madzi am'madzi ndi kusefukira kwamadzi apamwamba. Nsombayo payokha ndi yayikulu kwambiri, motero muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zosefera zakunja zamphamvu zomwe zimachotsa nitrate ndi nitrites m'madzi. Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe amakonda kwambiri za cichlase kukumba pansi, miyala, miyala yoyala ndi mchenga wa quartz zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomaliza. Onetsetsani kuti mwatsuka dothi musanagwiritse ntchito, zomwe zingapewe mawonekedwe amadzimadzi m'madzi. Aquarium iyenera kukhala ndi chiwerengero chofunikira chobisalira, ndipo pansi pake palokha pazigawika magawo angapo, zomwe zingapewe mikangano ya malo. Pa nthawi ya zibwenzi zamphongo, zikopa zimakonda kuchitika, choncho kupezeka kwa malo okhala ndi malo achitetezo kumathandiza kuti mzimayi athawire kwa wamwamuna wodzipereka kwambiri.

Vuto lina limakhala kachulukidwe ka utawaleza wokhala ndi zomera zamoyo. Nsomba sizimangodya mphukira zazing'ono zokha, komanso zimakumba msanga ngakhale mbewu zolimba ndi mizu yolimba. Mwapang'onopang'ono, zinthuzo zitha kupulumutsidwa podzala mbewu mumiphika yamaluwa yomwe ili ndi miyala yokongoletsera. Pankhaniyi, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu zomwe zili ndi masamba owuma (mwachitsanzo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya anubias). Monga kapangidwe ka aquarium, titha kukupangizirani biotope yokhala ndi masamba ndi miyala. Kamangidwe kameneka kamawoneka koyambirira ndipo kamakupatsani mwayi wopanga malo okhala ndi nsomba.

Utawaleza wa tsikhlazoma ndi wodziletsa pakukonza nsomba. Mlozera wa kuuma kwamadzi ungasinthe kuyambira 8 mpaka 20 ° dH, ndi pH = 7. Kutentha kwamadzi kwabwino kwambiri ndi madigiri 24 - 27. Ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa nitrate ndi nitrites m'madzi. Akapitilira zomwe zili, nsomba imatha kukhala yoopsa ndikufa mwachangu. Mutha kuchotsa ma nitrate ndi nitrites m'madzi ndikusintha pafupipafupi kapena pogwiritsa ntchito fayilo yamphamvu yakunja yokhala ndi biology yokhazikitsidwa. Sindikonda kwenikweni kuphatikizidwa kwa cichlazoma. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kupewa kuwala kowala kwambiri ndi mdima wonse. Mphatso yolimbikitsidwa, yomwe muyenera kugula compressor yomwe ikufanana ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi anu.

Monga macichlids ambiri aku South America, utoto wa utoto ndi nsomba zam'munda. Makamaka, izi zimawonekera nthawi yakukhwima. Chifukwa cha kukula kwakukulu ndi kutchulidwa kwa nsomba, ndikosavuta kuyisunga ndi mitundu yaying'ono yaying'ono yam'madzi ang'onoang'ono. Momwe mungakonzekere kukhala ndi mitundu ingapo ya ma cichlids aku America pamodzi, titha kukupangirani malo okhala ndi madzi okwanira malita 300 ndi kupezeka kwa malo ambiri okhala.

Oyandikana nawo amalangizidwa kuti asankhe zofanana kukula kwake. Kupezeka kwa malo ambiri obisalirako ndikugawika pansi kwa gawo kungachepetse gawo komanso kuchita zankhanza pang'ono. Nthawi zina, ndizotheka kuchepetsa komanso kuchotsa kwathunthu mkwiyo pamene mukukula iwo mwachangu ndi nsomba zazing'ono zazing'ono. Komabe, palibe chomwe chingatsimikizidwe pankhaniyi. Ndizotheka kuti nthawi yakukhwima, cichlazoma iwonetsa kukwiya kwambiri, ndikuthana ndi nsomba zazing'ono mu aquarium. Ndikuluzikulu wa Aquarium, ndizosavuta kusunga cichlases ndi mitundu ina ya nsomba.

Khama kukhalapo kwa grottoes ndi mitundu yonse yamisasa. Kuchuluka kwa malo ogumulira kumayenera kupitilira kuchuluka kwa nsomba zam'madzi. Kumbukirani kuti pansi pamiyala ndikofunikira kuyika zidutswa zazing'ono za povu ya polystyrene, yomwe imakutidwa ndi dothi kuchokera pamwamba. Izi zikuthandizani kuti mupewe chiopsezo chagalasi ndi miyala yayikulu.

Utawala wa utawaleza ndiwopatsa mphamvu. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti zakudya zambiri ndizoyenera kukhala ndi nyama. Chakudyacho chikuyenera kuphatikiza fumbi, nyongolotsi zamagazi, nsomba zocheperako, zinsomba za nsomba, shrimp, chipolopolo, chakudya chouma komanso chouma. Zofunikira zonse za zakudya za chomera zitha kukhutitsidwa ndi dandelion, nettle ndi letesi. Ngati mungafune, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zamafuta apadera omwe ali ndi kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni komanso chakudya.

Kuswana kwa utawaleza sikoninso zovuta. Kuthekera komwe kungatheke mu aquarium. Komabe, kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa mwachangu kumawonedwa pakaterera mu ana. Kuchuluka kocheperako kwa madzi oterewa ndi ma malita 150. Pansi pa jigger muyenera kukhazikitsa ma grotto angapo ndikuyika mwala, lonse. Aeration ndi kusefera kuyenera kupezekanso mu spariing aquarium. Musamadye nsomba mopambanitsa, chifukwa izi zimapangitsa kuti ma nitrate awonjezeke kwambiri, zomwe zimatha kupha mwachangu. Kumbukirani kukumbira pansi nthawi ndi nthawi ndikusintha madzi ochepa.

Kutambalala kumatha kulimbikitsidwa ndikukweza kutentha ndi madigiri angapo komanso kusintha kwamadzi kawirikawiri. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusintha mavoliyumu awiri pa sabata, kusintha kwa tsiku lililonse sikuyenera kupitirira 30 peresenti ya voliyumu yonse. Chiwerengero chokwanira kwambiri cha mazira pamtengoyi umodzi chimatha kufika 500. Ma cichlazomes awo amaikidwa pamwala woyeretsedwa kale. Nsomba zamtunduwu ndi kholo losamalira, kotero simuyenera kuwatsatira pambuyo poti caviar wasesa. Kutalika kwa nthawi, kutengera kutentha kwa madzi, kumatha masiku awiri kapena 6. Patatha sabata pambuyo pomenyera mazira, mwachangu amatenga malo owoneka bwino ndipo amatha kudyetsa pawokha.
Artemia, daphnia ndi ma cyclops ndi angwiro ngati chakudya choyambirira cha mwachangu.

Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zapadera zouma. Komabe, tikulimbikitsani kuti muwapatse chakudya chambiri kapena chazisanu. Pambuyo pake, mwachangu oterewa amasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wowala ndikukula mwachangu, kodi ndizotheka kuti ziume ndi chakudya. Pamene mwachangu amakula, ndikofunikira kusinthaku kukula, ndikusankha chakudya choyenera chimodzi kapena china kukula kwa mwachangu. Kulera ndi ma cichlases sikovuta. Popeza mwalandila banjali, posakhalitsa mungaganizire za yemwe angapatseni udzu wonse.

Vuto la utawaleza, cichlazoma wamkulu amatha kutengera kukakamizidwa kufa. Nsomba zimasambira mozungulira, zimagudubuza kumbali yawo ndipo zimatha kugona pansi kwa nthawi yayitali. Pambuyo pake, nsomba imadzaza mokwanira ndikuwonetsa kuti sikuti pali nkhawa. Pamasewera olimbitsa thupi ndikulimba ndi oyandikana nawo, mikwingwirima yodutsa ikhoza kuwoneka pakukula kwamafuta, omwe amasowa pambuyo pothetsa mkangano.
Ma cichlazomas a Iridescent ali ndi machitidwe osangalatsa kwambiri. Amatha kuzindikira ambuye awo ndikudya chakudya m'manja. Makolo achikondi amasamalira ana awo, amasambira mwachangu ndipo amasangalatsa onse achikulire ndi ana.

Banja: ma cichlids (Cichlidae)

Kufotokozera kwakunja: cichlazoma maculikauda ndi nsomba yamphamvu yamphamvu kwambiri. Mtundu wawukulu ndiwowala: kuchokera pakuyera mpaka ku buluu / wobiriwira, malo am'munsi mwa mutu komanso gawo lam'mimba ndi utoto wofiirira, malo amdima amawoneka pakati pa thupi, kukula kwake ndi kukula kwake kwamtundu umasiyana kwambiri, nthawi zambiri pamakhala malo akulu amdima pansi pamchira. Zipsepse, kupatula mchira, zimagwirizana ndi utoto waukulu, mtengo wa mchirawo ndi wofiyira. Amuna ali ndi utoto wowala, ndi zaka zazimuna zamtundu wa occipital zimawonekera

Malo okhala: nsomba zili ponseponse ku Central America

Makulidwe: kukula kwakukulu kwa nsomba 25 cm

Malo osambira: amayesera kukhala m'munsi komanso apakati

Khalidwe: machitidwe a nsomba ndiwankhanza kwambiri, chifukwa chake amakhala omwe ali ndi zazikulu komanso zofanana ndi ma cichlids ofunda, kapena amapangidwa awiriawiri mu aquarium yamitundu. Pakutuluka komanso mazira amawoneka, amakula kwambiri

Makonzedwe a aquarium: voliyumu yocheperako ya aquarium - malita 200, oyenera nsomba ziwiri. Mukakonza ngalande, ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito kosungira kosiyanasiyana: m'mapanga, m'matanthwe, m'malo oterera, mbewu, ndibwino kuyika mbewuyo mumiphika yapadera

Magawo Amadzi: kutentha 22-27ºC, pH 6.0-8.0, pakati pakati pazisonyezo ndi "golide", dGH 8-16 °

Chakudya: Ngakhale kuti nsomba ndizowawa kwambiri, chakudya chake m'chilengedwe ndichilengedwe, komabe, mapuloteniwa ayenera kuwonjezedwa pakudya kwa nsomba

Kuswana: Kutha kubereka nsomba kumangofika kukula kwa - 15 cm, kapena kufikira miyezi 6-10. Ma parameter amadzi ayenera kukhala pafupi ndi abwino: kutentha pafupifupi 26 °, pH pafupifupi 7, kuuma pafupi zomwezi, koma zizindikiro ziwiri zoyambirira ndizofunikira kwambiri. Ndikofunikira kuti pang'onopang'ono mukhale ndi awiri opanga, apo ayi sizigwira ntchito, chifukwa muyenera kugula koyamba kapena gulu la nsomba 6. Awiriwo amasankha malo oti amawaza ndi kuiphatikiza, yaikaziyo imaponyera mazira 600, makolowo amasamalira ana awo mosamala ndikuteteza gawo lake mwamphamvu. The mwachangu zimawonekera masiku 2-3, kuyamba kusambira mu sabata limodzi, ndiye chakudya choyambira cha crustacean nauplii

Zindikirani: Ponseponse, kusunga nsomba sikovuta ngati mukutsatira magawo am'madzi, koma akufuna kumtunda wa aquarium ndipo amakhala ankhanza kwambiri kwa oyandikana nawo, chifukwa chake amalimbikitsidwa kwa akatswiri odziwa ntchito zam'madzi okha

Kanema (Cichlazoma maculicauda (Vieja maculicauda, ​​Cichlasoma maculicauda, ​​Blackbelt cichlid):

Kufotokozera kwa utawaleza wa Cichlazoma

Ku Soviet Union kunapezeka pafupifupi 1980. Komabe, sikunali ponseponse chifukwa cha kuchuluka kocheperako kwam'nyumba zam'madzi za nthawi imeneyo.

Tsikhlazoma utawaleza nsomba zazikulu. Kuthengo kumafika masentimita 30. Kumaso kwagalasi la aquarium nthawi zambiri kumakhala kukula kwake mpaka masentimita 20. Thupi linakwezedwa pang'ono kenako. Mutu ndi wamkulu ndi maso akulu omwewo ndi kamwa yayikulu. Wamphongo amakhala ndi chifuwa chamafuta pamphumi pake.

Mtundu wa thupi umasiyanasiyana. Pakhoza kukhala ndi chikasu chagolide, chofiirira kapena chamtambo. Mutu nthawi zambiri umakhala wofiira kapena kapezi. Masikelo ali ndi malire wakuda. Pa tsinde la caudal pamakhala malo amdima osakhazikika.

Zipsepsezi ndizowonekera, nthawi zambiri ndimayimitsidwe am'munsi. Zipsepse zamkati ndi ma anal, monga ma cichlids onse, zimatambasukira kumunsi kwa mchira ndikutha ndi mtundu wa pigtail. Chiyerekezo cha moyo wokhala mu ukapolo chiri pafupifupi zaka khumi. Amafika kutha pakutha kwa chaka chachiwiri cha moyo. Omnivores. Wamtendere kwambiri. Maanja okwatirana amapanga chaka choyamba cha moyo, ndipo ngati vuto silisokoneza, amakhalabe okhulupirika kwa osankhidwa moyo wawo wonse.

Cichlazoma amachititsa kusiyana kugonana

Monga tanena kale, champhongo chimavala zokongoletsera pamphumi yake - kukula kwamafuta. Mkazi wamkazi wamtunduwu amachotsedwera izi. Kuphatikiza apo, pakukutira, yamphongo imapezeka m'dera la anus laling'ono lamakalambo a Vas. Mkazi wa trapezoid ovipositor amapezeka pamalo amodzi.

Tsikhlazoma utawaleza wambiri

Asanagwiritse ntchito, gawo lililonse limayenera kutsukidwa bwino kuti chisasokonezeke pomwe cichlomas amatenga chakudya chomwe amakonda - kukumba dothi. Pansi pake, ndikofunikira kumanga magawo angapo kuchokera pamiyala yayikulu, momwe miyeso yake imayenera kupitilira kukula kwa nsomba.

Iyenera kugawa pansi "m'miyala" m'magawo ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 40. Njira izi zithandizira anansi kugawa gawo kukhala magawo azokopa komanso kusamvana pang'ono polimbana malo pansi pa Dzuwa. Ndipo iwo omwe adatopa kwambiri ndi zachabechabe zakudziko adzatha kupumula kuphanga lomwe mwapatsidwa ndi inu. Kuphatikiza apo, mapanga owerengeka a goroli amathandiza kuteteza munthu wocheperako kuti asakhale wankhalwe, mpaka mutapeza njira zina zothetsera mavutowo. Ngakhale sizingakhaleko konse, ndibwino kuoneratu zamtsogolo zonse zomwe zingachitike.

Ayi, osati aquarium yopanda mbewu ... ndiye kuti pali nsomba zambiri m'moto. Ngakhale zokonda sizitsutsana. Kuti

Utawaleza Cichlazoma

abwenzi obiriwira omwe adatsala pafupi ndi cichlazomas, muyenera kusankha mitundu yokhala ndi masamba akuluakulu olimba ndi mizu yolimba. Muthanso kubzala mbewu m'miphika yamaluwa, yomwe imaphimbidwa ndi miyala yayikulu. Zomangira zathu zam'madzi sizinathe kuzikoka. Chifukwa chake

koma mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu zoyandama mumtsinje wamadzi, mwachitsanzo, Canada Elodea. Zowona iye atha

kudyedwa, koma kukula kwake mwachangu kungathetse chilakolako cha ziweto zathu. Tchire tambiri tambiri tomwe timayandama timatha kuloledwa pamwamba. Mutha kuyesanso kugwiritsa ntchito richchia kapena duckweed.
Magawo a madzi: Kutentha kwa beseni kosungiramo zinthu kungakhale kwamtunda wa 24 - 27 ° C. pH = 7 °. Kuuma 8 mpaka 20 ° dH.
Zowunikira: Zosayang'ana kuphimba kwa cichlazoma. Ngati osati mdima wokha ndipo osati wowala kwambiri, monga kumadzulo kwa mzinda wa Venus. Chifukwa chake, sankhani kuunikira malinga ndi zosowa za zomera zomwe mwasankha, ndikuti mutha kuwona bwino omwe ali m'mbali mwa nyanja yanu.
Kwa ma cichlase onse, makina, kusefera kwachilengedwe komanso kupukusa bwino ndizofunikira. Ngati madziwo ali ndi vuto la mapuloteni kapena ngati kusinthika kwakuthwa m'malingaliro a kuuma kapena acidity apakatikati, ndiye kuti nsombayo iyamba kutupa khungu, lomwe limawoneka ngati mawanga a bulauni akalumidwa. Kodi mumachifuna?
Kugwirizana : Cichlid ndi utoto wa utawaleza, ngakhale utoto wonyezimira. Zokha zimawoneka ngati palibe amene akukhudza. Koma imateteza gawo lake ngati samurai yamikikaze. "Tilibe mlendo kwa ife, koma sitigonjera. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukufuna kusungitsa nthumwi zingapo zoyipa za America, ndiye kuti muyenera mphamvu ya malita mazana atatu kapena kupitilira pamenepo. Zazikulu, zabwinoko. Kachiwiri, "anansi" onse ayenera kukhala ofanana. Komanso za mavuto omwewo.

Chithunzichi chikuwonetsa bwino chifukwa chake amatchedwa kuti mutu-wofiira

Mwachitsanzo, maekala amtundu wabluu sangakhale abwino kwenikweni ngati utawaleza wa cichlazoma ungaganize kuti sangakhale limodzi m'dziko lino lapansi ... Kulumikizana mwachangu, kugawanika kwa nkhokwe mothandizidwa ndi "miyala", ndi m'nkhalangozi zamitengo zingachepetse kupsa mtima. Kukhalapo kokhazikika kwa malo okhala ndi chiwerengero chokwanira kupitirira kuchuluka kwa nsomba. Zomera zazikulu ndi mapanga ziyenera kukhala zazikulu kuposa nsomba zazikulu. Zomangira izi ziyenera kuchitika bwino kuti zisawonongeke chamoyo chomwe chimafuna pobisalira.

: Utawaleza Cichlazoma zopatsa thanzi, koma 80% yazakudya ziyenera kukhala chakudya cha nyama. , nyansi, mafinya a nsomba, nsomba zazing'ono, nkhono, shrimp, ayisikilimu ndi chakudya chowuma. Kufunika kwa zakudya zamasamba kumatha kukhutitsidwa ndi letesi, nettle, dandelion.
Kuswana: Mutha kuswana mu chiwiya chimodzi, koma ndi bwino kukonzekeretsa malo osungira ena. Kuchuluka kwake ndi pafupifupi malita 150. Pansipa payenera kukhala magawo angapo okhala ndi khomo lalikulu ndi mwala wosalala pansi. Kutambalala kumapangidwira pakukweza kutentha ndi 1-2 ° C ndikusintha mavoliyumu awiri amadzi abwino.

mkati mwa sabata. Cichlomas ndi utawaleza, pomaliza amvetsetsa zomwe mukufuna kwa iwo, asesa mazira mazana asanu pamwala woyeretsedwa womwe amakonda. Cichlomas onse ndi makolo abwino ndipo izi zimachitikanso chimodzimodzi. Amasamalira mazira mosamala, ndipo pambuyo pake mwachangu. Makulitsidwe amatenga masiku awiri mpaka asanu ndi limodzi, kutengera kutentha. Pambuyo pa nthawi imeneyi, mphutsi zimawonekera. Ndipo pakatha pafupifupi sabata amadzakhala owongoka

zinthu, kusandukira mwachangu, ndipo amasambira kufunafuna chakudya moyang'aniridwa ndi amayi ndi abambo. Kuyambitsa zakudya zazing'ono crustaceans - nauplii, daphnia, cyclops. Akamakula, ana ayenera kusinthidwa ndi kukula ndi kusamutsa mitundu yayikulu ya chakudya. Komanso ndi nthawi yoganiza za komwe mudzayikitse nkhosazi zonse ...

Zowonjezera: Okonda onse a cichlid amakhulupirira kuti ziweto zawo zimakhala ndi nzeru (sizisokoneza chifukwa). Mwinanso, pamlingo wina izi ndi zoona. Ma dolphin amatha kukhala ngati galu kucheza ndi anthu. Cichlazomas nawonso amakonda kuzolowera mbuye wawo. Amatha kusiyanitsa ndi anthu ena. Amatenga chakudya m'manja mwawo, amaloledwa kuti adulidwe ndikuchotsedwa m'madzi. Mulingo wambiri wodalira mwa munthu! Momwe mungayendetsere kudalira uku - kumangodalira iye. Tikukhulupirira kuti adzakhala Munthu ...
Utawaleza Cichlazoma ili ndi chinthu chinanso chamakhalidwe. Pamavuto, imatha kutsata kusowa pogwira kapena ngakhale kufa (ngakhale izi sizowonera). Amakungika kumbali yake, amasambira mozungulira kapena mosazungulira. Itha kugona kwakanthawi kumbali yake osagwedezeka, ngati yakufa. Nsombazo zikagwetsa pansi, zimagwiranso ntchito. Kutsatira izi kapena iye ndi woipa kwambiri - amadziwa m'modzi yekha. Chifukwa chake, sindingapangire zofunikira mawonekedwe owoneka.
Chinthu china chosangalatsa. Choonadi sichiziwoneka mwa anthu onse. Kupaka utoto - pamkangano ndi woyandikana nawo, mikwingwirima ingapo yopuma imawonekera pakukula kwamphongo, yomwe imazimiririka pamene mkangano watha.

Rainbow Cichlasoma (Cichlasoma synspilum) ndi nsomba yayikulu, yosangalatsa. Zachidziwikire, mwayi wake ndi mtundu wowala, wowoneka bwino. Ndipo zovuta zake nthawi zina zimakhala zachiwawa, zachinyengo.

Zinali zotheka kuwona malo osungirako zinyalala okhala ndi utawaleza, momwe amakhalamo, paketi yakuda ndi ma labiatums angapo. Nthawi yomweyo, ngakhale paketi, yomwe inali yokulirapo kuwirikiza kawiri ngati utawaleza, inali yokhayokha pakona.

Zoyenera kumangidwa

Popewa kusamvana pakati pa nsomba, gawanigawa gawo lanu pogwiritsa ntchito zokhoma. Patsani njira zonse zotheka kuti mupewe mikangano. Nthawi zina amuna amakonda kugwira anthu ofooka, motero pakhale pabwino pambiri. Kubzala mbewu mu chinyama ndikulimbikitsidwa, koma muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti nsomba siziziwadya. Zomera zokhala ndi mizu yolimba bwino (kuphatikiza mbewu zoyandama) ndi masamba akulu okhala ndi mbale zolimba ndizoyenera. Otsatira ena am'madzi amagwiritsa ntchito duckweed ndi richchia.

Kutentha kwamadzi: 24-30 о С, acidity 6.5-7рН, dH - kuyambira 8 mpaka 20. Cichlids ofiira amakonda kuwala kofewa, chinthu chachikulu ndikuti mutha kuwaona pakati pa mbewu. Popewa kutaya milingo, madzi omwe ali mumtsuko ayenera kukhala oyera kwambiri. Zachilengedwe ndi kusefera kwa makina, kuthandizira kwabwino ndikofunikira kwambiri pa thanzi lawo. Kusintha kwamadzi - kamodzi pa sabata 20%.

Mutha kudyetsa ma cichlases ndi zomera zam'madzi ndi algae, zipatso ndi njere, komanso chakudya cha ma cichlids. Chitsamba, nyama yosenda, mphutsi ndi ma cickets ndizothandiza kwa iwo. Dyetsani ndi spriulina, nkhaka zosankhidwa ndi zukini zimadyedwanso.

Ndikwabwino kusunga nsomba ziwiri zomwe zimapangika munthu aliyense atakwanitsa chaka chimodzi. Zitha kuthana ndi ma cichlids ena, chifukwa, ngati chimodzi chokhazikika chikuwonekera m'madzimo, ndibwino kuti musunthire mu aquarium ina. Ngati izi sizingatheke, pangani malo oyenera pamoyo wa nsomba zonse (oyandikana ang'ono sangathe kugwira ntchito), pangani malo okwanira.

Onani momwe wamwamuna ndi wamkazi amatetezera mazira.