Tamara wa Imperial ndi nyani wang'ono wa banja la marmoset. Banjali lili ndi mitundu yopitilira 40 ya anyani ang'onoang'ono, 17 mwa iwo ndi am tamarines. Koma lero ndikufuna kulankhula za makanda odabwitsa odabwitsa okhala ndi mawonekedwe osazolowereka. Osasunthika komanso oyipa, adzakusangalatsani.

Msonkhano woyamba

Tamarin yachifumu inafotokozedwa posachedwa. Pamene asayansi adawonetsa mbewa, yokongoletsedwa ndi ndevu zoyera ndi masharubu, adaganiza nthabwala, ndikuti nyamazo zikufanana ndi King of Prussia ndi Emperor wa Germany, William II. Makamaka ngati muimitsa masharubu a nyama. Ndipo, ngakhale chithunzithunzi chikufanizira kumeneko, nyaniyo adalandira ulemu wapamwamba ndipo adakhala "chidole" chanyumba chotchuka.

Mawonekedwe

Popeza munthu wamkulu pachinthucho ndi tamarin wachifumu, kufotokoza kwa nyamayo sikungokhala kopepuka. Nyani imatengedwa kuti ndi mtundu wamtunda, chifukwa kutalika kwa thupi lawo sikupita masentimita 25. Imalemera pafupifupi magalamu 300. Koma mchira wam'manja komanso wokhazikika ukhoza kukhala wautali kuposa thupi la mwini wake.

Ngakhale anali wotakasuka komanso wamakhalidwe oyipa, tamarine yamfumu imawoneka yopambana komanso yoopsa. Prank yokoma yachilengedwe, yomwe inapatsa nyamayo ndevu ndi ndevu, imakweza nyamazo ndikuzikopa. Koma utoto wamakanda wa ana ndiwo wamba: wonenepa, wodera kapena pafupifupi wakuda. Pa chifuwa ndi mutu, imvi “zabwino” zimatha kuterera. Ubweya ukhoza kukhala ndi mkuwa wopepuka kapena kuwala kwa golide.

Chodabwitsa, anyani akale, mosiyana ndi abale awo, alibe misomali m'manja, koma zikhadabo zakuthwa. Tamarin yachifumu imagwiritsa ntchito chipangizochi kukwera mitengo.

Ndizosavuta kulingalira mzimayi wamunthu yemwe angadzitamande ndi ndevu za ndevu ndi ndevu. Koma akazi achikazi a tamarins amawonadi chifukwa chonyadira pazodzikongoletsera izi. Ma ndevu ndi ndevu zazikazi zimatha kukula mpaka pamimba, ndipo ali okondwa kupanga ophatikizira tsitsi, kuphatikiza ndikuluma wina ndi mnzake kutalika kowonjezereka kwa muluwo. Kusamalira pamodzi ndevu ndi masharubu ndi gawo limodzi la kulumikizana kwabanja komanso machitidwe a anyamata ochepa.

Kodi Tamarin yachifumu imawoneka bwanji?

Thupi lamtunduwu ndi laling'ono kwambiri, silikula kutalika kuposa 25 cm. Unyinji wa tamarin wamkulu ndi pafupifupi magalamu 300.

Mchira wawo wamtali ndi wautali kwambiri, nthawi zambiri wofanana ndi kukula kwa thupi. Chifukwa cha izi, simunganene nthawi yomweyo kuti tamarin ndi nyani yaying'ono. Mchira umathandizira kuyendetsa bwino nyamayo ikamasunthira limodzi ndi nthambi zamitengo, ikafuna kufikira chipatso chokoma komanso chatsopano.

Tamarines ndi nyani wamitengo.

Ubweya wa nyama ndi utoto, monga lamulo, mumtundu wakuda. Kupatula kokha ndi ndevu ndi ndevu: ali ndi timarins yoyera, ngati imvi. Izi ndizomwe zimakopa maso a ena kwa nyani wokongola uyu wochokera ku banja la a Marmoset. Mwa njira, ndevu nde izi zomwe zidapereka dzina la tamarin - imperial. Chowonadi ndi chakuti atazindikira mtundu wa anyaniwa, asayansi adakumbukira nthawi yomweyo masharubu a wolamulira waku Germany Wachiwiri. Umu ndi momwe nyani wam'madziyu umadziwika kuti tamarin.

Utsogoleri wabanja

Mosiyana ndi mitundu yambiri ya mbewa, matriarchy amalamulira m'banja la ma tamarins achifumu. Mkazi wachikulire amakhala mutu wa mtundu. Gawo lotsatira laubwenzi limasungidwira akazi achichepere. Ndipo amuna amakhala otsika kwambiri. Udindo wawo mwachindunji ndikusintha ana amalo kuchokera kumalo kupita kwina ndikupeza chakudya cha banja lonse.

Banja nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi nyama 10-15. Amakhala ndi moyo watsiku ndi tsiku ndipo nthawi zambiri amasuntha limodzi nduwira mitengo. Banja limateteza gawo lake kwa alendo. Mtundu uliwonse wamfumu wachilendo udzachotsedwa palimodzi m'malo okhala. Mwa njira, gawo limakonda kukhala lalikulu. Banja lililonse limakhala ndi mahekitala 50 a nkhalango yake.

Komwe Emperarin tamarin amakhala

Nyama zam'madzi zabwinozi zimakhala m'nkhalango zotentha zomwe zimamera kumpoto kwa South America. Tamarins amapezeka ku Brazil, Peru ndi Bolivia.

Chokopa chachikulu cha tamarin ndi masharubu.

Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku

Zingakhale zachilendo kuganiza kuti nyama zazing'onozi zimadyera nyama zina. Pazakudya zamakedzana ama impara ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana ndi zipatso. Chifukwa cha agility ndi tenacity, komanso mchira wautali komanso wolimba, nyama zazing'onoting'ono zimagwira mosavuta nthambi zazing'onoting'ono za mitengo, mpaka zimafalikira pang'ono. Nthawi zambiri maluwa amadyedwa, ndipo mazira a mbalame amatha kudyedwa ngati chakudya chamtengo wapatali.

Imperial tamarin moyo ndi zakudya

Nyaniwa ndi nyama zosafunikira. Kwa moyo wotere, chilengedwe chimawapatsa zonse zomwe amafunikira: mchira wautali, zibwano komanso zingwe zolimba.

Tamarins amayesa kupewa malo otseguka. Nyambazi zimakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono momwe anthu osapitilira 10. Gulu la nkhosalo limayang'anira gawo lake mosamala. Ngati ma samarine ena akamayendayenda mwadzidzidzi, amangochotsedwa.

Asayansi amawona kumeta kwa nthawi zonse kukhala gawo la zomwe zimachitika m'mimbulu ya Emperar. Ma masharubu okha amadulidwa. Tamarins amapereka "ntchito" imeneyi kwa wina ndi mnzake, ngakhale amalankhulana.

Ma tamarin ama Imperi amakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono.

Chakudya cha ma tamarins achifumu chimakhala makamaka pazakudya zam'mera. Amadya mitundu yonse ya zipatso ndi mitengo ya mabulosi ndi zitsamba. Amakonda kudya ndi masamba a masamba akuluakulu ndi mphukira, komanso maluwa.

Nthawi zina zakudya za nyama zimaphatikizidwanso m'zakudya zawo, mwachitsanzo: achule ndi abuluzi. Ngati tamarin apeza dzira la mbalame pamtengo, ndiye kuti azidya osazengereza.

Mating ndi kuswana

M'mabanja, awiriawiri osakhazikika sanapangidwe. Ma tamarines achifumu ndi nyama zamitala. Akazi nawonso, molingana ndi udindo wapamwamba. Achinyamata samakwatirana ndi atsikana okalamba.

Amayi tamarin amatenga mwadzidzidzi ana otere. Nthawi yayitali ndi masiku 45. Amayi amakhala ndi khanda limodzi kapena awiri. Maulendo atatu ndi osowa kwambiri. Masiku oyambira ana alibe thandizo. Kulemera kwawo sikuposa magalamu 35, koma nthawi imodzimodzi ali ndi ndevu ndi ndevu! Akazi amadyetsa ana nthawi iliyonse, ndipo pakati, amakwera abambo awo. Nthawi yomweyo, mwana wa nkhosa aliyense amatha kudalira chisamaliro champhongo chilichonse.

Ana amafika pa kudziyimira pawokha miyezi itatu, ndipo nthawi imodzi ndi theka amayamba kutha msinkhu. Pakadali pano, tamarin yachifumu iyenera kupanga chisankho chofunikira kwambiri m'moyo wake: kukhalabe m'banja la makolo kapena kupanga gulu la eni ake.

Kufalikira kwa tamarins

Tamarina yaikazi yapakati yobereka imabereka miyezi pafupifupi 1.5. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti pambuyo pocheperako, ana amabadwa opanda thandizo ndipo amangolemera 35 g.

Koma ana obadwa kale ali ndi ndevu ndi Tamara wotchuka wa Tamarino. Matriarchy okhazikika a ma primates awa amasamutsa zonse zimasamalira ana akhanda mpaka mapewa a theka lamphongo.

Tamarins achinyamata omwe ali kale m'mwezi wachitatu wa zaka amakhala odziimira pawokha: amatha kusuntha ndikudya okha. Pambuyo pake, pakufika zaka 1.5, zazimayi zazing'ono zimakhalabe m'mabanja awo, ndipo anyamatawa amangoisiya, "kulowa" gulu lina.

Tamarin ya Imperi ndi mwana.

Ma tamarins achi imperi amakhala m'chilengedwe kwa zaka pafupifupi 10 mpaka 15.

Mphamvu ya anthu

Masiku ano, maloto a anthu ambiri okonda nyama zosowa ndi nyama. Chithunzi cha nyama iyi chimagunda pamtima, ndipo kukula kwake yaying'ono kumapangitsa kuti nyamayo ikhale yoyenera kuwasunga panyumba. Ana amazolowera eni ake ndikukonda kukondana, koma ambiri aiwo amavutika kapena ngakhale amafa panthawi ya mayendedwe, chifukwa amayendetsedwa molakwika, popanda kupanga zofunikira. Malingaliro awa sangathe koma kukhudza kuchuluka kwa amuna owoneka bwino osankhidwa mwachilengedwe. Komabe, zowopsa kwambiri kwa anyani ang'onoang'ono sizingaganizidwe kuti sizikondweretsa kukonza kwawo, koma kudula mitengo mwachisawawa kwa nkhalango zotentha.

Mpaka pano, mitundu ya anyaniyi siyimatengedwa ngati yaying'ono kapena yokhala pangozi, koma imayesedwa ngati nyama yosatetezeka, chifukwa chidwi chawo chikukula, ndipo chilengedwe cha "amfumu" chikuchepa.

Chiwerengero

Maonekedwe okongola a anyaniwa amakopa chidwi cha ozembe omwe amakola mitengo ya chimbudzi kuti atengere ndalama zawo komanso kugulitsa kumalo osungira nyama ndi m'malo osungira ana.

Pakadali pano anyaniwa anapatsidwa mwayi wokhala ngati "mitundu yosatetezeka".

Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.

Zojambula ndi malo a tamarin

Tamarin - wokhalamo wamvula yamvula kuchokera ku gulu loyambirira. Aliyense akudziwa kuti zolengedwa zamiyendo inayi, zotchedwa nyani, ndi gulu lakale kwambiri, pomwe kapangidwe kake ndi thupi zimatengedwa kuti ndi asayansi omwe ali pafupi kwambiri ndi anthu.

Pali mitundu yambiri ya nyama izi zachilengedwe. Imodzi mwa anyaniwa ndi aakazi amtundu wa marmosets, otchedwa tamarines. Kutalika kwa thupi la nyama zing'onozing'onozi ndi 18-31 cm basi.Ngakhale kuti ali ndi kakulidwe kakang'ono, ali ndi mchira wowoneka bwino, koma wochepa thupi womwe umafikira pakati pa 21 mpaka 44 cm, womwe ndi wofanana ndi kutalika kwa matupi awo.

Akatswiri azomera amadziwa mitundu yopitilira 10 ya ma tamarins, ndipo iliyonse imasiyanitsidwa ndi zizindikiro zakunja. Choyamba, izi zimatanthauzira utoto wonenepa komanso wofewa, womwe umatha kukhala wonyezimira, wakuda kapena yoyera.

Kuphatikiza apo, nyama sizimakhala za monochromatic, zopaka kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza apo, palinso ena mawonekedwe a tamarinspomwe mtundu wina wa anyani amtunduwu umatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi wina.

Mwachitsanzo, nkhope za nyama izi zitha kukhala zopanda tsitsi kwathunthu kapena zokulungika ndi tsitsi kuphimba chisoti, akachisi, masaya ndi nkhope yonse. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokhala ndi ndevu ndi ndevu, yokhala ndi mphukira yokongola mkamwa.

Pa chithunzicho, tamarin yachifumu ndi ana ake

Ubwino wopambana ndi chizindikiro cha ma tamarin achifumu ndi kuyera kwawo koyera, kosowa, masharubu. Izi ndi nyama zazing'ono zolemera 300 g zokha. Tamarines ya Imperial amakhala ku Bolivia, Peru ndi Brazil.

Ma tamarines wamba amaoneka amtundu wakuda, ndipo utoto uwu samakhala ndi ubweya wokha, komanso nkhope. Amakhala ku South ndi Central America, kufalitsa kumapiri amvula kuchokera ku Panama kupita ku Brazil. Nyani zodziwika za anyani oterewa adatchulidwa chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa kuwala kwautali pamutu. Nyama zotere zimapezeka ku Colombia komanso pagombe la Pacific.

Chithunzicho, tamarin yachifumu

Ena mwa oimira gulu la anyaniwa amawonedwa ngati osowa kwambiri ndipo amatetezedwa ndi lamulo loteteza chilengedwe cha mayiko ambiri. Chimodzi mwa mitundu yomwe ili pangozi ndi Oedipus tamarin.

Dzinalo la sayansi: "oedipus" (wopindika miyendo), nyama zomwe zimakhala ku South America kudera lakumpoto chakumadzulo, komanso ku Colombia, zimalandila ubweya wonenepa, wazungu kapena wachikasu, ubweya wophimba miyendo yawo. Kuchokera pazomwe miyendo yawo imawoneka ngati yopyapyala. Monga mukuwonera chithunzi oedipus tamarins, anyani oterewa amawoneka okongola kwambiri, ndipo chithunzi chawo chakunja ndi choyambirira kwambiri.

Mu chithunzi cha Oedipus, tamarin

Pamutu pawo pamakhala mtundu wa chisa cha tsitsi lalitali loyera, kuyambira kukula kwa khosi ndikufika pafupi ndi mapewa. Kumbuyo kwa nyama ndi zofiirira, ndipo mchira wake ndi lalanje, chakumapeto - wakuda. Oedipus tamarines Kwa zaka zambiri akhala akufuna kuti azisaka.

Amwenye adawapha chifukwa cha nyama yokoma. Pakadali pano, nyamazo zikuchepa chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kochedwa m'nkhalango komwe akukhalamo. Kuphatikiza apo, anyani amtunduwu amagwidwa ndikugulitsidwa kwakukulu ndi ogulitsa nyama.

Onani ndi mamuna

Oedipus tamarin m'mbuyomu chinali chinthu wamba chosaka. Amwenye amapaka kuti nyama. Pakati pa zana la XIX, anyani am'madzi ochepa anali otchuka kuti azisunga m'nyumba zachifumu ku Paris, komwe adalandiranso dzina lina - pinchet. Malinga ndi mtundu wina, "pinche" ndi dzina losokonekera la fuko la amwenye aku South America Chibcha (Chibcha), yemwe adapanga chimodzi mwazitukuko zadziko la South America m'zaka za XII-XVI, atayima pamsewu ndi zikhalidwe za a Mayans, Aztec ndi Incas. Dzina lasayansi la mtunduwu "oedipus" limatanthawuza "miyendo yopyapyala", chifukwa mtundu wa Oedipus tamarin uli ndi miyendo yolimba kwambiri yomwe imawoneka yolimba. Dera lachijeremani la oedipal tamarine "Lisztaffe" limatanthauzidwa kuti "nyani wa Liszt" - limaperekedwa polemekeza Ferenc Liszt, wolemba nyimbo waku Hungary, yemwe mutu wake adakongoletsedwa ndi mulu wa tsitsi lalitali kutalika.

Pakadali pano, nkhalango zambiri zomwe mitundu ya tamarin'yi imakhala, ndipo ikapezekabe, yawonongeka, anyani amagwidwa kuti agulitse.

Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa tamarin

Tamarins amakonda kukhazikika m'nkhalango zowirira zomwe zimakhala ndi zomera ndi mipesa yotentha, yomwe imakonda kukwera ndi kudutsa. Nyama zimadzuka kutacha, nthawi zambiri zikuwonetsa zochitika masana.

Mu chithunzi, oedipus tamarin cub

Koma amagonanso m'mawa kwambiri, kuti agone pakati pa nthambi ndi mipesa. Mchira wautali ndiwofunikira kwambiri pamatamines, chifukwa amathandizira nyamayo kuti igwiritsitse nthambi, motero imasuntha kuchokera kumodzi kupita kwina. Nthawi zambiri, anyani amakonda kupitirira timagulu tating'ono tating'ono, tomwe mamembala ake alipo anayi mpaka 20.

Njira zoyankhulirana ndi izi: nkhope, nkhope, kukweza tsitsi ndi mawu akulu. Ndipo mwanjira iyi, pofotokozera zakukhosi kwawo, malingaliro awo ndi momwe akumvera, nyamazo zimacheza. Phokoso lomwe anyaniwa amapanga nthawi zina limafanana ndi kupindika kwa mbalame.

Mu chithunzi, mkango wagolide tamarin

Amathandizanso kulirira mokuwa komanso chizungu. Zikakhala kuti zili pachiwopsezo, m'chipululu mumatha kumva kulira kwa nyama. Pali wolowa m'malo mwa banja la tamarine. Womaliza wamkulu pagululi nthawi zambiri amakhala wachikulire kwambiri. Ndipo gawo la amuna limakhalabe chakudya.

Nyama zimayang'anira malo okhala ndikudulira makungwa a mitengo, ndikuteteza madera otetezedwa kuti asakumane ndi alendo osawadziwa. Mamembala a gulu la tamarins amasamalirana, amakhala ndi nthawi yokwanira kutsuka ubweya wa abale awo. Ndipo iwonso achita zomwezo ndi abale awo.

Mu chithunzi, tamarin-wokhala ndi zida zofiira

M'malo okhala ndi malo osungira nyama, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ambiri mitundu ya tamarins, malo okhala mwapadera nthawi zambiri amapangidwira iwo, komwe amakhala malo okhala okhala ndi malo otentha, komanso mipesa ndi maiwe, popeza nyama izi ndi ana amvula yamvula.

Kugawa ndi malo

Kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa South America ndi malo ochepa kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Colombia.

Malo okhala zachilengedwe ndi owuma komanso opanda chonde ndi mitengo yamphesa, kutalika kwake kupitirira 1,500 m pamwamba pamadzi, makamaka nkhalango zopanda udzu.

Tamarina zakudya

Nyani tamarin amadya zakudya zam'mera: zipatso, ngakhale maluwa ndi timadzi tokoma. Koma samanyoza zakudya zomwe zimachokera ku nyama.Nyama zazing'onozi zimakonda kudya anapiye ndi mazira a mbalame, komanso tizilombo tosiyanasiyana tating'onoting'ono: akangaude, abuluzi, njoka ndi achule. Nyani zoterezi ndizopatsa chidwi komanso zopanda ulemu.

Koma popeza ali mu ukapolo, amatha kutaya mtima chifukwa chakukayikira chakudya chosadziwika. M'malo osungira nyama ndi malo ogulitsa ana, tamarin nthawi zambiri amadyetsa zipatso zamitundumitundu, zomwe amangodzipembedza, komanso tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, mwachitsanzo, ziwala, dzombe, maphemwe, zitini, zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa mwapadera kuti zizigwidwa ndi anyani.

Kuphatikiza apo, zakudya za tamarins zimaphatikizapo nyama yophika yophika, nkhuku, nyerere ndi mazira wamba, komanso tchizi cha kanyumba ndi utomoni wa mitengo yazipatso zotentha.

Kuchulukitsa komanso moyo wautali wa tamarin

Monga zolengedwa zonse zomwe zimayamwa, ma tamarin amachita mwambo wina asanafike pachimake, womwe umafotokozedwa mu mtundu wina wa chibwenzi cha "abambo" a "azimayi" awo. Masewera opikulitsa anyaniwa amayamba mu Januware -February. Amayi oyembekezera omwe amakhala ndi pakati amakhala masiku pafupifupi 140. Ndipo pofika mwezi wa Epulo-Juni, ana amatenga nyama.

Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, ma tamarins achonde, monga lamulo, amabereka mapasa, ndipo miyezi isanu ndi umodzi atatha kubereka ena awiri. Ana amakula msanga ndipo pofika miyezi iwiri amakhala atayamba kale kuyenda ndikuyesera kudyetsa okha.

Mu chithunzi, tamarin wagolide wokhala ndi mwana

Amakwanitsa zaka pafupifupi ziwiri. Popeza adakula, nthawi zambiri ana sasiya banja ndikupitiliza kukhala ndi abale. Anthu onse m'gululi amasamalira ana omwe akukula, amasamalira ndi kuteteza ana ndikuwabweretserani chakudya chamadzulo.

M'malo osungira nyama, ma tamarins amakhala bwino awiriawiri, wobadwira mu ukapolo popanda mavuto, ndipo ali makolo odekha komanso osamala. Ana ang'ono ali okonzeka kukhala ndi ana awo pazaka 15 zakubadwa. Mu malo osungira nyama, zolengedwa izi zimakhala nthawi yayitali mokwanira, nthawi zambiri pafupifupi zaka 15, koma mwachilengedwe nthawi zambiri zimafa kale. Pafupifupi, tamarins amakhala pafupifupi zaka 12.

Mbiri ya Moyo ku Zoo

Mutha kuwona tamarins oedipal mumalo a Monkey, pa gawo Latsopano la zoo. Kupukutira mpweya, chifukwa anyaniwa amakhala m'malo otentha amvula, ali ndi dziwe mumawayilesi.

Ku zoo, anyaniwa amadya zipatso zosiyanasiyana, chimanga cha ana, nkhuku, mazira, tchizi chanyumba, tizilombo tamoyo, chingamu (utoto wa mitengo yazipatso zam'malo otentha). Tizilombo (ma cickets, agogo, dzombe) timaloledwa kulowa mu ndege, ndipo tamarine amawagwira ndikudya, izi ndizofanana ndikupeza chakudya m'chilengedwe.

Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi mafotokozedwe

Tamarins ndi nyama zotsatizana, za oimira gulu la zinyama, dongosolo la anyani, banja la marmoset, genus tamarin.

Abambo akale kwambiri a anyani onse ndi anyani amphongo - zotchedwa purigatorio. Malinga ndi zomwe apeza, zotsalira zawo zidachokera ku Pleocene. Anapezeka ku America yamakono. Izi ndi zolengedwa zoyambirira kwambiri zomwe zidapanga zina, zolengedwa zodziwika bwino komanso zotukuka kwambiri - plesi-malembo ndi tupayas.

Kanema: Tamarin

Zomwe zidakhalapo nthawi ya Paleocene ndi Eocene ku Europe ndi North America. Maonekedwe awo amafanana ndi mbewa kapena makoswe. Anali ndi phokoso lalitali, thupi loonda komanso lalitali. Nyama izi zinkakhala pamitengo ndipo zinkadyetsedwa ndi tizilombo komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazomera.

Tupai ankakhala kudera la Asia wamasiku ano pa Eocene ndi Upper Paleocene. Iwo anali ndi mapangidwe a mano ndi miyendo, yomwe ili pafupi kwambiri ndi kutengera kwa miyambo yamakono. Pambuyo pake, pakuchitika kusinthaku, nyama zidagawidwa pakati pamagawo osiyanasiyana. Kutengera ndi malo omwe amakhala, iwo amapanga mawonekedwe ena amachitidwe ndi zizindikiro zakunja. Malinga ndi izi, anyani akale adagawidwa m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Kodi tamarin imakhala kuti?

Chithunzi: Imparin Tamarin

Monga dera lomwe anyani amakhala, nkhalango zam'malo otentha zomwe zimakhala ndi udzu wandiweyani zimasankhidwa. Chofunikira ndicho mitundu yambiri yazipatso za mitengo ndi zitsamba. Oimira ambiri amtunduwu amakhala m'nkhalango za New World. Ndiwachilengedwe ku South America.

Malo omwe ma tamarins amakhala:

Nthawi zambiri nyama zimakhala munkhalango zowirira. Kukula kwakanthawi komanso kupindika kwakadali ndi mchira wautali kumathandiza kuti nyamazo zizikwera pamwamba ndikusangalala ndi zipatso zakupsa pamwamba pa mitengo yayitali. Nyani amakonda nyengo yofunda, yotentha. Samalekerera kusintha kwamwadzidzidzi mu nyengo yamakhalidwe, ozizira, ndi chinyezi chambiri.

Nyani mwina sizikhala nthawi yayitali padziko lapansi. Mitengo ndi nduwira zikuluzikulu za mitengo sizithandiza kokha kupeza chakudya chochuluka, komanso kuthawa kwa adani ambiri.

Kodi tamarin amadya chiyani?

Chithunzi: Oedipus Tamarin

Gawo lalikulu la zakudya limakhala ndi zakudya zamasamba. Komabe, anyani samakana chakudya chomwe adachokera nyama, mwachitsanzo, tizilombo tosiyanasiyana.

Pezani maziko a Tamarins:

• chipatso
• maluwa
• maluwa nectar
• mazira a mbalame zina,
• zokwawa zina zazing'ono,
• amphibians - abuluzi, achule,
• tizilombo tosiyanasiyana: dzombe, ziwala, kakhothi, mphemvu, akangaude.

Nyani amaonedwa kuti ndi ochulukirapo. M'mikhalidwe yochita kupanga, amathanso kudyetsedwa zinthu zingapo: zakupsa, zipatso zamasamba, masamba, tizilombo, mphutsi, nkhuku ndi mazira a zinziri. Komanso, nyama zochepa zophika ndi tchizi cha kanyumba zimawonjezeranso zakudya.

Tamarins pafupifupi samamwa madzi. Amapanga thupi kufunika kwa madzimadzi pogwiritsa ntchito zipatso zosakhwima za mitengo ndi zitsamba zosiyanasiyana. Gawo lofunika la chakudya ndi masamba obiriwira, mphukira ndi masamba a mbewu zazing'ono, zitsamba.

Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo

Chithunzi: Mkango Tamarin

Nyama zimakonda kukwera mitengo ndi zitsamba zosiyanasiyana. M'malo osiyanasiyana amakhala nthawi yayitali. Nyani zazing'ono ndi nyama masana. Amadzuka ndi kuwala koyambirira kwa dzuwa ndipo amagwira ntchito kwambiri masana. Dzuwa litayamba kulowa, amapita kukagona, ndikusankha malo abwino kwambiri panthambi za mitengo kapena m'miyala. Mchira wautali umathandiza kuyenda kuchoka ku nthambi kupita ku nthambi, kukapachika pamipesa kuchokera ku tamarins. Amagwiritsanso ntchito ngati mbewa yolumikizira nyambo.

Tamarins samakonda kukhala okha. Amakhala m'magulu. Kukula kwa banja limodzi kapena gulu kumachokera kwa anthu asanu mpaka makumi awiri. Nyani ndi nyama yosangalatsa, yosangalatsa komanso yosuntha. Amalumikizana wina ndi mnzake mothandizidwa ndi nkhope, maonekedwe osiyanasiyana, komanso mawonekedwe a ubweya. Nyengo nazo zimakonda kutulutsa mawu osiyanasiyana. Amatha kupindika ngati mbalame, kapena kumakuwa likhweru, nthawi zina amalira kapena kufinya. Akazindikira kuti ngozi yayandikira, amalira mokweza, mokuwa kwambiri.

Banja lililonse limakhala ndi mtsogoleri - wamkazi wamkulu kwambiri komanso wodziwa zambiri. Ntchito ya amuna ndi kupeza chakudya chawo ndi cha mabanja awo. Banja lililonse limakhala gawo lina, lomwe limalimbikitsa kwambiri akakhala alendo osawadziwa. Anthu amtundu uliwonse amaika gawo lawo pomata makungwa pamitengo ndi zitsamba. Ngakhale ma tamarins ang'onoang'ono amachita nsanje kwambiri ndi kutetezedwa kwa gawo lawo. Nthawi zambiri amachita ndewu yagawo lawo, akumagwiritsa nthito zakuthwa ndi mano. Tamarins amatha nthawi yayitali kuyeretsa abale awo ndi ubweya. Zosangalatsa zoterezi zimakuthandizani kuti muthe kuchotsa majeremusi komanso kupumulanso.

Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka

Chithunzi: Tamarina Cub

Oimira amtunduwu amafika pakutha msinkhu wazaka chimodzi ndi theka. Kuyambira pano amapanga awiriawiri, oswana ndi kubereka. Nthawi yakukhwima mu nyani imachitika pakatikati kapena kumapeto kwa dzinja. Amuna amayang'anira theka linalo ndikuyamba kuwonetsa chidwi m'njira zonse zotheka, kuyembekezera kubwezeretsedwa. Akazi nthawi zina samakhala wofulumira kubweza. Amatha kuwona kuyesayesa kwa amuna kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo pakangopita kanthawi ayankhe. Ngati awiri apanga, matani amapezeka, pambuyo pake mimba imachitika.

Mimba imatenga masiku 130-140. Ng'ombe zimabadwa kumapeto kwa chirimwe, kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Ma tamarins achikazi amakhala ndi chonde kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amabereka ana awiri. Atafika pamiyezi isanu ndi umodzi, amakhala okonzekanso kubereka ndipo amatha kubereka ana ena amapasa.

Ng'ombe zimakula ndikukula msanga. Ali ndi zaka ziwiri zakubadwa, ana ali kale osunthika mochenjera kudutsa mitengo ndi mipesa ndipo amayamba kupeza chakudya chawo. M'banja lililonse, ndi chizolowezi kusamalira mogwirizana komanso kulera achinyamata. Akuluakulu amapatsa ana zipatso zabwino kwambiri komanso zokometsera za zipatso. Makanda akaonekera m'mabanja, mamembala ake onse amawasamalira kwambiri ndikuyang'anira chitetezo chawo.

Asanafike zaka ziwiri, m'badwo wachichepere umakhala pafupi ndi makolo awo. Pambuyo pake, ali okonzeka kukhala ndi moyo wodziyimira pawokha. Komabe, samakonda kusiya mabanja awo. Amakhalabe m'gulululi ndipo amachita zinthu zodziwika bwino, akuthandiza kulera ana okulirapo.

Malo osungira nyama ndi ana, anyani ang'onoang'ono amakhala bwino ndi mabanja. Pakakhala nyengo yabwino komanso chakudya chokwanira, amabereka ana a ng'ombe kawiri pachaka.

Adani achilengedwe a tamarins

Chithunzi: Tamarin wokhala ndi mutu

M'mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, m'nkhalango zazikulu za nkhalango zotentha, anyani aang'ono ali ndi adani ambiri. Ziwopsezo zowopsa komanso zambirimbiri zimawadikirira pafupifupi kulikonse. Nyani zimasungira kuthamanga kwa kuchitapo kanthu komanso kutha kukwera pamalo okwera kwambiri.

Adani achilengedwe a tamarins:

Kuphatikiza pa nyama zodya zilombo zosiyanasiyana, tizilombo touluka tambiri, akangaude, achule ndi abuluzi ndi ngozi yayikulu kwa anyani ang'onoang'ono. Samadyera masisitara, koma omalizawa amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa. Kufuna kuthandizidwa ndi cholengedwa chosadziwika, kapena kukhutiritsa njala ndi oimira owopsa a maluwa ndi nyama zam'deralo, ali pachiwopsezo chopha anthu. Ngozi yapadera imawopseza achichepere omwe, chifukwa cha kusasintha kwawo ndi mphamvu zambiri, amayesetsa kugwira chilichonse chomwe chimayenda. Nthawi zambiri amalandila poizoni woopsa, womwe umayambitsa kufa kwa nyama.

Achibale amayang'ana kwambiri zomwe zikuchitika. Pangozi iliyonse, amalira mokweza, koboola kopusayo kuchenjeza onse m'banjamo kuti nthawi yoti apulumuke. Mawonekedwe osazolowereka, osangalatsa a anyani amakopa ochulukitsa. Amatsata nyama, kuzigwira kuti zigulitsidwe kwa anthu pamsika wakuda kapena kuti azigulitsa kumalo osungira nyama ndi malo ogona. Kuphatikiza pa kupha anthu, zochita za anthu zimathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nyama. Anthu amawononga chilengedwe chanyama.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu

Malinga ndi asayansi, vuto lalikulu kwa kuchuluka kwa nyama ndi kudulidwa kwa mitengo. Mkhalidwe wa tamarins umatengera ma subspecies. Mitundu yambiri siziwopsezedwa kuti idzatha.

Pakati pa masamba a tamarins pali mitundu ina yomwe ikuwopsezedwa kuti idzatha:

• Tamarin wamaso wamagolide - ali ndi mwayi woti "watsala pang'ono kutha",
• Tamarin-wokhala ndi miyendo yoyera - ali ndi chikhalidwe cha "mitundu yomwe ili pangozi",
• Oedipus tamarin - izi zapatsidwa mwayi woti "watsala pang'ono kutha."

Chochititsa chidwi: Nyama nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi maso ozungulira, amdima, owoneka mozama. Makutu ndi ang'ono, ozungulira, amatha kuvekedwa kwathunthu ndi ubweya. Nyamazo zimakhala ndi miyendo yolimba kwambiri yokhala ndi minofu yolimba. Kutsogolo ndi miyendo yakumbuyo ndizitali, zala zopyapyala ndizitali zazitali, zakuthwa.

Tamarines ndi mtundu wa nyani yemwe amafunika kutetezedwa. Mapulogalamu ambiri ali pachiwopsezo. M'gawo la anyani, pamalo opangira malamulo, kusaka ndi kutchera nyama ndizoletsedwa. Kuphwanya izi kumafunikira kukhala ndi udindo wolakwira. Nthawi ndi nthawi akuluakulu amayendetsa zachiwawa zomwe zimachitika m'misika yam'deralo.

Tamarines

Chithunzi: Tamarin kuchokera ku Red Book

Pochita zankhondo, nyama zomwe zimagulitsidwa ndi ozembe nthawi zambiri zimamasulidwa. Nyama zimamasulidwa kumalo okhala zachilengedwe, ndipo ophwanya lamulo amalangidwa mokhazikika. M'malo momwe anyani ang'onoang'ono saloledwa kudula nkhalango. Komabe, lamuloli silikugwira ntchito kulikonse. M'madera ena, migodi yamigodi ndi michere yamtengo wapatali yachilengedwe ikuchitika, chifukwa chake sizopindulitsa kwambiri kuti aletse kuwonongeka kwa nkhalango zam'malo ambiri.

Chochititsa chidwi: Ikasungidwa kumalo osungira nyama, nyama zimapanikizika. Zikatero, nyama zimatha kudya chakudya chokhazikika.

Ma tamarin ambiri amasungidwa m'malo osungirako ana ndi m'malo osungira anthu. Pamenepo, ogwira ntchito ndi akatswiri amayesetsa kuti apange mikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri kwa iwo, yomwe moyo wawo ukamakulirakulira, ndipo phindu silingachepe poyerekeza ndi chilengedwe.

Tamarin - iyi ndi nyani wodabwitsa. Tsoka ilo, ambiri mwa mabanjawa ali pafupi kutsirizika, kapena amadziwika ngati mtundu womwe watsala pang'ono kufa. Masiku ano, anthu ayenera kuyesetsa kwambiri kuti asunge ndikuwonjezera chiwerengero cha anthu kuti mbadwa zathu zikhale ndi mwayi wokhoza kuwona nyama osati pazithunzi zokha.

Kufotokozera kwa Tamarins

Tamarines ndi anyani ang'ono omwe amakhala m'malo obiriwira a New World.. Ndi a banja la marmosets, omwe nthumwi zawo, monga lemurs, amatengedwa ngati gawo laling'ono kwambiri padziko lapansi. Pazonse, mitundu yoposa khumi ya ma tamarins amadziwika, omwe amasiyana kwambiri wina ndi mnzake mu utoto wa ubweya, ngakhale kukula kwa anyaniwa amathanso kukhala osiyanasiyana.

Zochita ndi moyo

Tamarins amakhala m'nkhalango zowirira, komwe kuli mitengo yambiri yazipatso ndi mipesa, yomwe amakonda kwambiri kukwera. Izi ndi nyama zam'mawa zomwe zimadzuka m'mbandakucha ndikuwonetsa zochitika masana. Amagona m'mawa kwambiri, kukangogona panthambi ndi mphesa.

Izi ndizosangalatsa! Mchira wautali komanso wosinthika ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa tamarines: pambuyo pa zonse, ndi thandizo lake amasunthira nthambi.

Nyani za mbewa zimasungidwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono - "mabanja" momwe muli nyama zinayi mpaka makumi awiri. Amalumikizana ndi abale awo mothandizidwa ndi ma poses, mawonekedwe a nkhope, mawonekedwe a ubweya, komanso mawu akulu omwe amatamara onse amapanga. Izi zimatha kukhala zosiyana: kufananizira ndi mbalame, kumalirira mokweza kapena kulira kwambiri. Pakakhala ngozi, tamarines amatulutsa mokweza kwambiri, amabangula.

Mu "banja" la tamarins mumakhala maulamuliro - matriarchy, momwe mtsogoleri m'gululi ndi wamkazi wakale komanso wodziwa zambiri. Amphongo, kumbali ina, akudzipangira okha ndi abale awo. Tamarins amateteza gawo lawo kuti asalowemo alendo, amaika mitengo, ndikukukutira makungwa. Monga anyani ena, ma tamarin amatha nthawi yambiri akutsuka ubweya wa wina ndi mzake. Chifukwa chake amachotsa majeremusi akunja, ndipo nthawi yomweyo alandire kupumula kosangalatsa.

Habitat, malo okhala

Ma tamarin onse - okhala m'nkhalango zamvula za New World. Malo omwe amakhala ndi Central ndi South America, kuyambira ku Costa Rica mpaka ku Amazon lowland ndi kumpoto kwa Bolivia.Koma kumadera akumapiri, anyaniwa sapezeka; amakonda kukhala m'malo otsika.

Zakudya za Tamarin

Nthawi zambiri tamarins amadya zakudya zam'mera monga zipatso, komanso maluwa komanso timadzi tating'ono tawo. Koma sadzakana chakudya cha nyama: mazira a mbalame ndi anapiye ang'ono, komanso tizilombo, akangaude, abuluzi, njoka ndi achule.

Zofunika! Mwakutero, ma tamarines ndi opanda ulemu ndipo amadya pafupifupi chilichonse. Koma ali mu ukapolo, chifukwa cha kupsinjika, akhoza kukana kudya zakudya zachilendo kwa iwo.

M'malo osungira nyama, ma tamarins nthawi zambiri amadyetsedwa zipatso zamitundumitundu zomwe anyaniwa amakonda; Kuti tichite izi, zimakhazikitsidwa mwapadera mu ndege za nyani. Komanso nyama yophika ya mitundu yamafuta ochepa, nkhuku, nyerere ndi mazira a nkhuku, tchizi cha kanyumba ndi utomoni wa mitengo yazipatso zam'mlengalenga zimawonjezedwa mukudya kwawo.

Kubala ndi kubereka

Tamarins amayamba msamba pafupifupi miyezi 15. ndipo kuchokera m'badwo uno ukhoza kubereka. Masewera okwanira amayambira pakati kapena kumapeto kwa dzinja - pafupifupi Januware kapena February. Ndipo, monga pafupifupi zazikazi zonse, abambo a tamarin amayang'anira zazikazi pachikhalidwe china. Mimba zazikazi za anyaniwa zimatha masiku pafupifupi 140, kotero kuti pofika Epulo-kumayambiriro kwa June ana awo amabadwa.

Izi ndizosangalatsa! Tamarins zachonde zachonde, monga lamulo, zimabala mapasa. Ndipo miyezi isanu ndi umodzi pambuyo pa kubadwa kwa ana am'mbuyomu, amatha kuberekanso ndipo amatha kubweretsanso ana awiri.

Ma tamarines ang'onoang'ono amakula msanga ndipo m'miyezi iwiri amatha kuyenda pawokha komanso kuyesera kudzipezera okha chakudya. Osangokhala amayi awo okha, koma "ana onse" amasamalira ana akukula: nyani wamkulu amawapatsa zidutswa zokoma kwambiri ndipo m'njira iliyonse amateteza ana ku ngozi zomwe zingachitike. Atafika zaka ziwiri ndipo atakhwima, ma tamarins achichepere ngati lamulo sasiya paketi, kukhalabe mu "banja" ndikukhala ndi gawo limodzi m'moyo wake. Muukapolo, amakhala limodzi awiriawiri ndikuberekera bwino, monga lamulo, alibe vuto lililonse polera ndi kulera ana.

Wosadandaula

• Imparin tamarin
• Tamarin wokhala ndi zida zofiira
• Tamarin wakuda kumbuyo
• Tamarin wokhala ndi mutu
• Tamarin wofiira
• Tamarin wokhala ndi mutu wabuluu
• Tamarin Geoffrey
• Tamarin Schwartz

Koma, mwatsoka, pakati pa tamarins pali mitundu yomwe imawopsezedwa ndipo imatsala pang'ono kutha.

Pafupi ndi osatetezeka

• Tamarin wokhala ndi mapewa. Choopsa chachikulu ndikuwonongeka kwa malo okhala zachilengedwe zamtunduwu, zomwe zidachititsa kuti nkhalango zotentha zizitentha. Kuchuluka kwa mitengo yamisala yokhala ndi golide kumadalirabe, koma ikuchepa pafupifupi 25% pamibadwo itatu iliyonse, ndiye kuti, pafupifupi zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu.

Mitundu yangozi

• Tamarin wokhala ndi miyendo yoyera. Nkhalango momwe mitengo yoteteza matalala yoyera imakhalamo mwachangu ndipo dera lomwe amakhala lidagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu migodi, komanso ntchito zaulimi, kupanga misewu ndi madamu. Chiwerengero cha anyaniwa chikuchepa chifukwa ambiri aiwo amalowa m'misika yakomweko, komwe amagulitsidwa ngati ziweto. Chifukwa cha izi, International Union for Conservation of Natural yapatsa matamando oyera okhala ndi miyendo yoyera ngati nyama yomwe ili pangozi.

Mitundu Yangozi

• Oedipus tamarin. Chiwerengero cha anyaniwa m'malo okhala zachilengedwe chimakwana anthu 6,000 okha. Mtunduwu ukuopsezedwa kuti udzafa ndipo udaphatikizidwa m'ndandanda wazoyipa 25 zomwe zatsala pang'ono padziko lapansi "ndipo adalembedwako kuyambira 2008 mpaka 2012. Kudula mitengo kwa mitengo kwadzetsa kuti malo okhala a Oedipus tamarin atsika ndi magawo atatu, zomwe zidakhudza kuchuluka kwa ziweto za anyaniwa. Zilibenso zowopsa kwa anthu zinali kugulitsa timesara ta oedipal ngati ziweto komanso kafukufuku wasayansi yemwe adakhala kwakanthawi pa anyani amtunduwu. Ndipo ngati m'zaka zaposachedwa, kafukufuku pa oedipal tamarins wayimitsidwa, malonda osaloledwa azinyama akupitiliza kukhudza anthu awo. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa nyama izi zimakhala m'malo ochepa, zimatha kutengeka ndi zovuta zina zakumalo kwawo.

Tamarines ndi amodzi mwa zolengedwa zodabwitsa kwambiri zomwe zidalengedwa ndi chilengedwe. Nyaniwa, wokhala m'malo obiriwira a New World, ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwawoko. Kuphatikiza apo, kulanda mosalamulirika kwa nyama izi kunakhudzanso kuchuluka kwawo. Ngati simusamala posungira anyaniwa tsopano, ndiye kuti adzafa, kuti m'badwo wotsatira wa anthu utha kuwona tamarine pazithunzi zakale zokha.