Nkhani yatsopano yaukazitape yayamba mu maubale a Chipolishi ndi Russia, zomwe zidatsutsidwa ndi kunena kwa kazembe wa ku Poland ku Germany kuti Soviet Union ilanda Russia ndi Belarus. Ku Moscow, izi zidatchedwa zopanda nzeru. Gulu lankhondo lankhondo laku Poland lankhondo la Red Army likadali mutu wovuta kwambiri pa mbiri yonse ya Warsaw. Akuluakulu aku Poland sangathe kuyanjananso ndikuti pofika nthawi yomwe asitikali aku Soviet Union amalowera kumayiko akumidzi aku Poland, boma la dzikolo linali litathawira kunja ndipo lachiwiri la Latin-Lithuanian Commonwealth silinakhalepo.

A John Toland, wolemba mbiri yakale ku America komanso wodziyimira pawebusayiti, Pulitzer Prize laureate, m'buku lake Adolf Hitler alemba: "Pofika m'mawa pa Seputembara 5, ndege zouluka ku Poland zidawonongeka, ndipo patangodutsa masiku awiri, pafupifupi magawo makumi atatu ndi asanu onse ku Poland adagonja kapena kuzunguliridwa."

William Shearer, mtolankhani waku America yemwe amagwira ntchito ku Berlin ndipo anali mboni yowona zochitika, adalemba za kampeni ya ku Poland Wehrmacht m'buku lake The Collfall of the Nazi Kingdom: "Mu gawo lina, pomwe akasinja adathamanga kulowera chakum'mawa kudutsa mu msewu wa Chipolishi, adakumana ndi gulu loyendetsa maofesi a Pomeranian, ndipo maso a wolemba izi, omwe adayang'ana gawo lomwe wolimbana naye anali atangopezeka masiku angapo pambuyo pake, adabwera ndi chithunzi chonyansa cha wowaza nyama wamagazi ... Ndipo wolimba mtima, wolimba mtima komanso wosasamala "Mitengo idalibe kulimba mtima, Ajeremani adangowaphwanya ndi tank yothamanga ..."

Shearing adatsimikiza za kufulumira kwa nkhanza zaku Germany: "Patatha pafupifupi maola 48, gulu la ndege la ku Poland lidathere pomwepo, ndege zambiri 500 zotsogola zidawonongeka pabwalo la ndege ... Krakow, mzinda wachiwiri waukulu kwambiri ku Poland, udagwa pa Seputembara 6. Usiku womwewo, boma linathawa ku Warsaw kupita ku Lublin ... Masana pa Seputembara 8, gulu la zigawenga la 4 la Wehrmacht linafika kunja kwa likulu la Chipolishi.

Mu sabata limodzi, gulu lankhondo laku Poland lidagonjetsedwa kotheratu. Magawo ake 35 - zonse zomwe adakwanitsa kusamukira - anagonjetsedwa kapena kumizidwa m'miyala yayikulu yomwe inatseka mozungulira Warsaw ... Boma la Poland, ndendende, zomwe zidatsala zitaphulika mobwerezabwereza ndi Luftwaffe, Seputembara 15 wafika kumalire a Roma ... "

Mkulu wa polisi yaku Poland a Vladislav Anders m'magawo ake olemba "Popanda chaputala chomaliza" adalemba zomwe zidachitika ku Poland pa Seputembara 10, 1939 motere: "Zinthu zathu ndizovuta. Magawo a ku Poland amayendetsedwa kulikonse. Ajeremani pafupi ndi Warsaw. Lamulo Lapamwamba latsala pa Brest pa Mdudu ... Nkhondo ili kunja kwa Warsaw. "

Pa Seputembara 17, 1939, boma la Poland lidachoka mdzikolo. Zowunamizira kuti boma lidachoka ku Poland kokha pokhudzana ndi kulowa kwa magawo a Red Army kulowa mdzikolo sizogwirizana ndi chowonadi.

Kupanda kutero, momwe mungafotokozere kuti pofika pa Seputembara 16, 1939, pomwe palibe chidziwitso chokhudza kulowa kwa Red Army kulowa mu Poland, nthumwi za boma la Poland zimakambirana ndi anthu aku Romani zaulendo wawo wopita ku France kudera la Roma.

Zikudziwika kuti kale pa Seputembara 3, 1939, wamkulu wa aku Poland, a Marshal Edward Rydz-Smigly adapereka lamulo "Tidziwitsa kuti magulu athu ankhondo abwerera ku mgwirizano wa ku Romania ndi ku Hungary, akutanthauza kuti ku Poland ..."

Pazokakamira kuti zinthu zikuchitika ku Poland mpaka Seputembara 17, 1939 ndi olamulira, tidzapereka "umboni ndi maso".

Izi ndi zomwe analemba m'buku lake, "Munthu kwa munthu ndi nkhandwe. Kupulumuka Ku Gulag »Janusz Bardaдах, yemwe amakhala mu 1939 mumzinda wa Vladimir-Volynsky ku Poland: "Pa Seputembara 10 ndi 11, apolisi am'deralo ndi akuluakulu aboma adathawa ... Kuthawa kwadzidzidzi kwa akuluakulu aboma kudazunza mzinda. Abambo, pakulekana ndi Janusz, adati kwa iye: "... ndizowopsa pamisewu, pali anthu ambiri achifwamba komanso olanda aku Ukraine."

Ichi ndiye chowonadi chomvetsa chisoni chakugonjetsedwa kwa Poland mu Seputembara 1939. Koma USSR ndi Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact sanayimbe mlandu chifukwa cha kugonja, koma malingaliro aposachedwa a utsogoleri wankhondo wandale waku Poland. Komabe, ku Poland amakonda kuti asakumbukire izi.

Kuphatikiza apo, mawu ochepa onena za kulowa kwa Red Army pa Seputembara 17, 1939 m'magawo omwe amatchedwa "Chipolishi" a Western Belarus ndi Ukraine. Mitengo inkanena kuti madera amenewa ndi gawo lofunika ku Poland. Mosangalala, adapita ku Kingdom of Poland kuchokera ku Grand Duchy of Lithuania (ON) ngati gawo lothandizira kukhazikitsidwa kwa Latin-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

Amadziwika kuti Confederation of Commonwealth idakhazikitsidwa pakukonzekera Union of Lublin pamsonkhano wolumikizana wa Sejm wa olemekezeka a Chipolishi ndi Lithuanian, womwe unachitikira mumzinda wa Lublin mu 1569.

Komabe, powerenga mapulinsipulo a mgwirizanowu, zikupezeka kuti kuphatikiza madera olemera kwambiri a GDL - dera la Kiev, Podolia ndi Podlasie (maiko amakono a Ukraine ndi Belarus) kulowa mu Kingdom of Poland sizinachitike ndi lingaliro la ogwirizana a Polish-Lithuanian Sejm, koma mwa malamulo (malamulo) a Sigismund August, King of Poland ndi Grand Duke waku Lithuania, yemwe adatengera kwathunthu magulu amtundu waku Poland.

Kenako mgwirizano wapawiri wa Sejm, womwe udachitikira ku Lublin, ngakhale "apempha misozi" a akulu aku Lithuania, adatsimikiza mtima wa Sigismund Augustus wosamutsa malo olemera a Grand Duchy yaku Lithuania kupita ku Crown of Poland.

Ndiye kuti, Union of Lublin ndi lingaliro lake idatsimikiza kulanda malo mosaloledwa kwa Grand Duchy yaku Lithuania. Wakuba, adzakhalabe wolanda zaka mazana ambiri pambuyo pake. Yakwana nthawi yokumbutsa Poland za chowonadi ichi.

Maiko osagwirizana (madera a Western Ukraine ndi Belarus), omwe adachotsedwa chifukwa chankhondo motsutsana ndi USSR ndi Poland, adapitilirabe mpaka Seputembara 1939, kutsatira zotsatira za Pangano la Riga la 1921.

Koma kodi zitha kuonedwa ngati Chipolishi? Umu ndi momwe kuchuluka kwa madera awa kudawerengeredwa ku Poland mokha.

Malinga ndi zolemba m'manyuzipepala aku Poland komanso zidziwitso zakale zaku Poland, mu 1922 mokha, ziwopsezo zotsutsana ndi Chipolishi zinachitika kumeneko!

Adolf Nevchinsky wodziwika bwino ku Poland mu 1925 munyuzipepala ya Slowo adalemba mosapita m'mbali kuti tifunika kuyankhulana ndi a Belarusi pachilankhulochi "Makungwa ndi ndulu zokhazokha ... ili ndiye lingaliro lolondola kwambiri lafunso ku Western Belarus."

Ndipo zitatha izi, kodi olamulira ku Poland amayembekeza kubwereza za malo oyambirirawa a Chipolishi ku Belarus ndi Ukraine komanso za chigawo chachinayi cha Poland?

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