Ndi ochepa mwa ife aubwana omwe sitimakonda zapaulendo za Main Reed kapena Fenimore Cooper. Amwenye, masisitere, ma savannah, ma mustangs ndi coyotes. Zinyama zoopsa, zaluso, komanso anzeru. M'miyambo ya amwenye aku North America, amakhala ndi udindo wofunikira.

Nthawi zambiri amadziwika kuti ali ndi machitidwe aumunthu: luso, luntha, luso, kuchenjera. Palibe umunthu wamatsenga, dziko lanyama ngati la Loki. Makhalidwe oterewa amatchedwa "achinyengo" - ochenjera ndi onyenga. Osatinso pachabe.

Coyote amatenga pakati pakati pa nkhandwe ndi nkhandwe. Lachiwiri, monga mukudziwa, ndi chinyengo komanso zopanda nzeru. Amwenye anali kulemekeza chirombochi, ndipo nthawi yomweyo sanamudalire. Mitundu ina inkamuwona ngati wochita zoipa. Ndipo kwa ena, anali nyama yopatulika. Mwachitsanzo, ku Navajo, ndiye mulungu wa pambuyo pa moyo ndi chikondi, yemwe adayambitsa nkhondo ndi kuvina. Malo apakati pakati pa chabwino ndi choyipa.

Coyote, kapena nkhandwe, ndi wa banja la canines (agalu). Achibale ake apamtima ndi mmbulu wamba, galu wa fodya, nkhandwe ya arctic, nkhandwe ndi nkhandwe. Kuchokera ku Chilatini dzina lake ndi Canis latrans - "galu wokuwa". Chifukwa chake adatchedwa Aaziteki - "coyotle - galu waumulungu." Pakati pa Aztec, iye ndi nyama yotsika, werewolf, ngwazi ndi mpulumutsi.

Zimabweretsa zoopsa, komabe, zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe amwezi otsutsana, zimabweretsa kusefukira. Mzimu wausiku ndi machenjerero. Mulungu Quetzalcoatl, mmodzi mwa milungu yayikulu ya Aazteki, yemwe adapanga dziko lapansi, adagonjetsa mbuye wa Miktlantekutli, ndipo panthawiyo adasankhidwa ndi coyote iwiri.

Chilombochi chayamba kuchita zinthu zambiri zamanjenje. Adatha kuzolowera kukula kwa chitukuko kukhala maluwa ndi nyama zoyambirira. Kuphatikiza apo, sikuti adangopulumuka, komanso adakwanitsa kufalikira ku North America, ngakhale anayesera kuwonongedwa kwathunthu ndi munthu. Mwanjira, munthu wathandizira chinyama cha coyote Tsopano akukhala ku kontinenti yonse.

Tsopano kuli pafupifupi miliyoni aiwo ku North America. Amatha kubwera pafupi ndi anthu, kuwawopsa usiku. Amati amvekedwa ngakhale ndi ochita mafilimu omwe amakhala ku Hollywood, alendo aku New York. Ndipo asadakhaleko. Kupulumuka modabwitsa, kuthekera kosinthika kumatsimikizira kuti chirombochi ndi chokwera kwambiri komanso chanzeru.

Chithunzi cha coyote chinagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chizindikiro cha Olimpiki pamasewera a Olimpiki a Zima a 2002 ku Salt Lake City. Ndiye amene adabera moto milungu, ndikukwera phirilo. Monga nkhandwe iliyonse, iye amakonda ufulu komanso kulimba mtima. Coyote, kuti atuluke mumsampha, amatha kuluma pakama.

Zambiri zosangalatsa. Mu 2000, filimu yampatuko "The Ugly Coyote Bar" idatulutsidwa, pomwepo idakhala ofesi yamabokosi. Nyimbo ndi nyimbo kuchokera pamenepo zidatchuka. Panali zitsanzo za filimuyi - saloon yeniyeni "Coyote Ugly”, Idatsegulidwa ku New York mu 1993. Tsopano pali malo ambiri akumwa omwe ali ndi dzina lomwelo padziko lonse lapansi. Kuphatikiza, komanso ku Moscow, St. Petersburg ndi mizinda ina.

Kufotokozera ndi Makhalidwe

Coyote ali ndi thupi lodzaza kuyambira 70 mpaka 100 cm. Ndipo izi zilibe mchira, womwe umatalika masentimita 40. Pakufota, kutalika kwa chilombocho kumafikira masentimita 50-60. Zonse zimakutidwa ndi ubweya wautali wamtundu wakuda, nthawi zina umasanduka wakuda. Chovalachi ndichitali kwambiri pakati pamapewa, malowa amatchedwa "mane" kapena "banga".

Nyamayi imakhala yochepera katatu kuposa nkhandwe, yolemera kuyambira 9 mpaka 18 kg. Miyendo yake ndi yopyapyala, miyendo yake ndiyopendekera, mphuno yake ndiyakuthwa, pafupi ndi nkhandwe. Maso ake ndi achikaso chachikaso, mchirawo ndi wautali komanso wopepuka. Makutu ali chilili. Chigoba chimawoneka ngati nkhandwe, ochepa kukula pang'ono.

Coyote mwina siwokongola kwambiri pakati pa nyama zonse zodyera, komanso banja la canine, makamaka. Ili ndi mayina ambiri - nkhandwe yolumikizana, nkhandwe, nkhandwe yaying'ono, ndipo ngakhale nkhandwe.

Tsopano satiwopsezedwa kuti chitha, chirombo chiri ndi chosasinthika komanso malonda. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazofunikira zake. Imavomerezanso kutentha ndi kuzizira, imakhala yopanda mphamvu, imatha kukhala m'nkhalango komanso m'chigwa, ngakhale m'mapiri. Amakhala ngati nkhandwe, koma amasintha nthawi zonse pamavuto ena. Palibe kusaka - kudya zovomerezeka, palibe chakudya chanyama - kudya masamba. Adazindikira kuti coyote amadya zipatso ndi mizu.

Zida zake zamalingaliro ndi malingaliro ake zimapangidwa bwino. Ndiwothamanga kwambiri, amathamanga mpaka 55-70 km. Jambulani wamkulu, amatha kusambira, saopa madzi ozizira, ndipo amatha kuthana ndi wowongoletsa. Ndipo si mano a aliyense. Alinso ndi nsagwada, ngati zotupa. Coyote si wamantha, koma osamala. Amatha kusaka yekha, awiriawiri, komanso m'magulu ang'onoang'ono.

Amathamanga mokongola kwambiri, ngati kuti akuyandama pansi. Nthawi ndi nthawi amatembenuza khosi mbali zosiyanasiyana, kumbali ndi kumbuyo, akumamvetsera ndi kuyang'ana. Imatha kuthyoka kwambiri ndi fungo losadziwika, ngati kuti ndiwopseza. Kuyendetsa osatopa, kuthamanga ma kilomita ambiri. Coyote mu chithunzi -chinyama chodumphika, chonyada komanso chodzidalira, chomwe chimadziwa zoyenera zake.

Tsopano titha kulankhula zam'mbuyomu 19 za nkhandwe yotchedwa meadow. Anali 20, koma m'modzi anamwalira - Eurasian coyote. Mitundu yake ya prehistoric imakhala kudera la Eurasia yamakono. Chifukwa chake, timazindikira za mitundu yayikulu ya nyama yowonedwa: Mexico, San Pedro Martira (California), El Salvador, (Kansas, Texas, Oklahoma), Belize, Honduras, Durango (Mexico), kumpoto (Alaskan), chigwa, phiri (Canada), Mearns (Colado ndi Utah), Rio Grande, California motalika, peninsular, Texas chigwa, kumpoto chakumadzulo (Ontario, Indiana), kumpoto chakumadzulo (Oregon ndi Washington), Colimian (Mexico).

Wotchuka kwambiri wa iwo mexican coyote, chifukwa cha mawu odziwika za iye. Ngati nthawi zina timamva zokambirana: "Hei, mzanga!" - "Mmbulu wa Tambov ndi mnzako!", Ndizofala kwambiri kuti Wachimereka amve ngati izi: "Hei, amigo!" - "Mexico coyote wa amigo!"

Zizolowezi, moyo, kadyedwe, mfundo zokhudzana ndi kusinthana ndi kubereka ndizofanana pakasinthidwe kamtunduwu. Ngakhale mawonekedwe, kusiyana nthawi zina kumatha kupezeka kokha ndi akatswiri. M'magulu osiyanasiyana amapatsidwa mwayi wokhala m'malo.

Mitundu yokhudzana ndi coyote imatengedwa kuti ndi nkhandwe wamba, yamunthu, yofiyira, yofiyira, yodumphira, galu ndi galu. Coyote ndi mitundu yanyama ya nyama ya preglacial nyengo. M'mawonekedwe ake apano zidawoneka pafupifupi zaka miliyoni miliyoni zapitazo.

Agogo ake aakazi ndi a Johnson, amene anamwalira zaka pafupifupi 1.8 miliyoni zapitazo. Dzinali Lachilatini lotanthauza, Canis lepophagus, amatanthauzidwa kuti "Hare Eater". Kuchokera kwa iye kuti mbadwa zamakono zimapezeka, zazing'ono kwambiri kuposa kholo, ndipo chigaza cha wakale ndichachikulu kwambiri. Malinga ndi paleontologists, pafupifupi kulemera kwa prehistoric coyote Johnson anali 30-40 kg.

Mawonekedwe

Kukula kwa thupi la coyotes kumakhala kotsika poyerekeza ndi mimbulu wamba. Kutalika kwa chilombo cholusa kumangokhala 75-100 cm, ndipo mchirawo ndi pafupifupi kotala mita. Kutalika kwa nyama pofota sikupita masentimita 45-50. Unyinji wazomwe zimadya zimasiyana pakati pa 7-16 kg. Pamodzi ndi agalu ena amtchire, mimbulu yomwe ili ndi makutu ali ndi makutu oyimirira komanso mchira wautali wofunda.

Ndizosangalatsa! Ana a nkhanu omwe amakhala m'mapiri amakhala ndi ubweya wakuda, ndipo kwa omwe amadyera m'chipululu, ubweya wonyezimira umadziwika.

Ma Coyotes amadziwika ndi ubweya wautali wautali wokhala ndi masamba amtundu wakuda ndi wakuda. M'mimba, ubweya ndiwowala kwambiri, ndipo kumapeto kwa mchirayo ndi wakuda bii. Poyerekeza ndi mimbulu wamba, ma coyote amasiyanitsidwa ndi chopondera chopindika komanso chakuthwa, chomwe chikufanana pang'ono ndi nkhandwe.

Khalidwe ndi moyo

Ma coyotes ndi abwinoko kuposa momwe mimbulu imazolowera kukhala pafupi ndi nyumba za anthu ndikukulitsa madera pafupifupi ofanana ndi anthu. Mimbulu yolusa, monga lamulo, pewani madera akutchire ndikukonda madera athyathyathya - mapiri ndi zipululu. Nthawi zina amapezeka kunja kwa megacities ndi malo akuluakulu. Kwa oimira mabungwe onse, kuwonekera kwa ntchito yayikulu ndikukhazikika kwa chikhazikitso ndi chikhalidwe.

Ma coyota akuluakulu amatha kukumba maenje bwino, komanso amatha kukhazikika munyumba za anthu ena zopanda anthu. Dera lokhazikika la adani ndi pafupifupi ma kilomita khumi ndi zisanu ndi zinayi, ndipo njira zolembedwa ndi mkodzo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa nyama. M'madera omwe mimbulu wamba kulibe kwathunthu kapena kuchuluka kwake owerengeka, coyote amatha kubereka mwachangu komanso mwachangu.

Ngakhale zilombo zazing'ono, nyama yomwe imadya imatha kudumpha mpaka atatu kapena anayi ndikukhala othamanga mpaka 40-65 km / h. Oimira ochepa chabe am'banja la Psov asuntha moteremu omwe adatulukira ndipo apulumuka mwamphamvu m'malo alionse atsopano. Poyamba, malo okhala nkhanuzi anali kokha kum'mwera ndi pakati kumpoto kwa North America, koma tsopano pafupifupi kontinenti yonse imakhala ndi mabungwe ang'onoang'ono.

Mitundu ya Coyotes

Pakadali pano, magulu ankhandwe khumi ndi zisanu ndi zinayi a mimbulu yomwe ilipo lero ikudziwika:

• C. latráns látráns,
• C. litrans sagottis,
• C. latrans slerticus,
• C. lаtrаns diсkеyi,
• C. latrans kukazunza,
• C. lаtrаns gоldmаni,
• C. latrans hondurensis,
• C. latrans imravidus,
• C. latrins insolatus,
• C.latrans jamesi,
• C.lаtrаns lеstеs,
• C. lаtrаns meаrnsi,
• C. latrans miсródon,
• C. latrans oshorus,
• C. latrans reinsulae,
• C. latrans technisis,
• C. latráns thámnós,
• C. litrans umpquensis,
• C. latrans vigilis.

Habitat, malo okhala

Malo akuluakulu ogawananira nkhandwe ikuyimiriridwa ndi West komanso chigawo chapakati cha North America. Kuchepetsa kwakukulu kwa madera akutchire ndi kuthamangitsidwa kwa omwe akupikisana nawo kwambiri mokhudzana ndi zakudya, omwe akuimiridwa ndi mimbulu wamba komanso yofiyira, adalola ma coyote kufalikira madera akulu poyerekeza ndi mbiri yakale yoyambirira.

Ndizosangalatsa! Coyotes amatenga mosavuta mawonekedwe a anthropogenic, ndipo m'malo am'mapiri zoterezi zimapezeka ngakhale pafupi ndi 3,000 mpaka 3,000 mamita pamwamba pa nyanja.

Zaka zana zapitazo, mimbulu yolira inali anthu oyambirira kusamandako, koma pano ma coyote amapezeka pafupifupi kulikonse, kuyambira ku Central America mpaka ku Alaska.

Zakudya za Coyote

Coyotes ndi ena mwa odyetsa kwambiri komanso osasamala kwambiri pachakudya, koma gawo lalikulu la chakudyacho limayimiriridwa ndi chakudya cha nyama, kuphatikizapo mavu ndi akalulu, agalu odyetsa, marmots ndi agologolo apansi, makoswe ang'onoang'ono. Ma coyotes nthawi zambiri amagwidwa ndi ma raccoon, zonyansa ndi zotheka, ma bea, mbalame, ngakhale tizilombo tina. Akalulu amtchire amasambira bwino kwambiri ndipo amatha kusaka bwino nyama zam'madzi zonse, zoimiridwa ndi nsomba, achule ndi zatsopano.

M'zaka 10 zapitazi komanso kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira, mimbulu yomwe imakonda kudya imakonda kudya zipatso ndi mitundu yonse yazipatso, komanso mtedza ndi mbewu za mpendadzuwa. Ndi nyengo yachisanu ikamayamba, anyaniwa omwe amakhala kumpoto chakum'mawa amasinthira ku chakudya chovomerezeka ndikudya pamoto ndi zolengedwa zofooka, zakale kapena zodwala. Ogwiritsa ntchito malo osungirako zinyama amakonda kuzolowera anthu, chifukwa chake amatha kutenga chakudya kuchokera m'manja mwa anthu.

Malinga ndikuwunika kwa zomwe zili m'mimba mwa coyotes, zakudya zomwe zimadyedwa zimadyedwa:

• karoti - 25%,
• makoswe ang'onoang'ono - 18%,
• ziweto - 13.5%,
• mbawala zamtchire - 3.5%,
• wokhala ndi tsitsi - 3.0%,
• tizilombo - 1,0%,
• nyama zina - 1.0%,
• mankhwala azitsamba - 2.0%.

Mimbulu yokhala ndi mbewewe sizitha kuzunza wamkulu komanso zoweta zazikulu ndi zangumi zakuthengo, koma zimatha kusaka ana a nkhosa kapena ana ang'ono akhanda.

Kubala ndi kubereka

Maanja mu coyotes, mwachidziwikire, amapangidwa kamodzi kokha. Akalulu amtundu waudzu amakhala makolo odalirika komanso osamala komanso osamalira ana awo, akusamalira bwino ana awo. Nthawi ya kubzala yogwira imachitika mu Januwale kapena Febere. Mimba imatenga miyezi ingapo. Khomalo litaonekera, makedzana akuluakulu amasaka nyama mosakhalitsa, moimiririka ndi mwala wosaya kapena mwala. Banja lililonse la nkhandwe limakhala ndi malo angapo osungirako, kumene ana amasamutsidwa ndi makolo chifukwa chokayikira pang'ono.

Mimbulu yokhala ndi mbewewe imafika pakutha msinkhu wazaka pafupifupi chimodzi, koma, monga lamulo, okwatirana amapanga kokha atakwanitsa zaka ziwiri. Nthawi zambiri, ana anayi mpaka khumi ndi awiri amabadwa mu zinyalala, zomwe zimangowonekera pakatha masiku khumi. Mwezi woyamba, ma coyote amadya mkaka wa amayi, pambuyo pake ana ake amayamba kusiya pang'onopang'ono, ndipo ana agalu amakhala odziimira okha pakangogwa. Amuna nthawi zambiri amachoka kumakolo a makolo, ndipo akazi okhwima mwakufuna kwawo, amakonda kukhala m'gulu la makolo. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha achinyamata chimafa mchaka choyamba cha moyo.

Makolo onsewa amakhala ndi nkhawa zokhudzana ndi mwana yemwe akukula.. M'masiku oyambilira kubadwa kwa ana agalu, dzenje silisiya mkazi, chifukwa chake zovuta zonse zopeza chakudya zimathetsedwa kwathunthu ndi wamwamuna, yemwe amasiyira makolowo pakhomo lolowera dzenje, amathanso kuwaza chakudya chosafunikira. Ana agaluwo akadzakula, makolo onse awiri amayamba nawo ntchito yosaka. Nthawi zambiri, ana agalu aakazi awiri kapena atatu nthawi yomweyo amabadwa ndikukulira mumkhola wamoto pamodzi. Komanso, milandu yodutsa coyotes ndi mimbulu kapena agalu am'nyumba ndi agalu amtchire amadziwika bwino, chifukwa cha omwe omwe amaphatikizidwa amabadwa.

Adani achilengedwe

Adani akuluakulu achilengedwe akuluakulu omwe ali ndi nkhokwe ndi amphaka ndi mimbulu. Ziwopsezo zazing'ono komanso zosakhwima kwathunthu zimatha kukhala nyama yosavuta kwa chiwombankhanga ndi kambuku, kadzidzi, chimpira, agalu akuluakulu kapena zibaba zina zazikulu. Malinga ndi akatswiri, ochepera theka la achinyamata amatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka zakutha.

Ndizosangalatsa! Monga mpikisano wamkulu wa chakudya, yemwe amatha kuthamangitsa coyote m'gawo lokhazikika, mutha kuganizira za nkhandwe zofiira.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwakukulu pakati pa mimbulu yodyetsa zimayambitsa matenda ambiri akulu, kuphatikizapo matenda a chiwewe ndi nematode, koma anthu amadziwika kuti ndi mdani wamkulu wa coyote. Agalu olimbira ndi misampha, nyambo za strychnine ndi arsenic, komanso kuwotcha malo onse, zidagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira zolimbana ndi kuchuluka kwa coyote. Pesticide "1080" inali yotchuka kwambiri, kuphatikiza osati ma coyote okha, komanso nyama zina zambiri bwino momwe zingathere. Chopezeka mu dothi ndi madzi, poizoni "1080" chinapangitsa kuti chilengedwe chisawonongeke, chifukwa chomwe chinali choletsedwa kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu

Mimbulu yolumikizana ndi yofalikira komanso yodziwika bwino.. Coyotes, monga mtundu, olekanitsidwa bwino kwambiri mu Late Pliocene, pafupifupi miliyoni miliyoni zapitazo. Inali nthawi imeneyi pomwe ma coyote adatha kudzipatula okha kuchokera kwa kholo limodzi pakubala kwawo. Pakadali pano, mimbulu yolumikizana imawerengedwa pakati pa mitundu yomwe anthu wamba samayambitsa vuto lililonse.

Coyote nyama. Khalidwe la Coyote komanso malo okhala

Nyama ya ku North America coyote - imodzi mwazosinthika kwambiri padziko lapansi, nyama iyi imatha kusintha njira zobereketsa, zizolowezi, zakudya zamagulu ndi zochita zina kuti ikhale ndi moyo wosiyanasiyana.

Amaphatikizidwa mu mtundu wa chordates, kalasi ya anyani, banja la zimphona, abale a mimbulu, agalu, nkhandwe ndi nkhandwe, pali masamba 19 a coyote. Coyote kukula kwake, ngati galu wamba, itha kufanana ndi mbusa wam'ng'ono, ngakhale ali ocheperako kuposa ankhandwe awo. Kutalika kwa thupi kuchokera kumutu kupita ku sacrum ndi masentimita 80-95. Mchira umawonjezera masentimita enanso a 41 kwa iwo, kulemera kwake nthawi zambiri kumakhala pafupifupi kilogalamu 9 mpaka 23.

Zolemba za Coyote ndi Habitat

Dzinalo lasayansi Canis latrans limatanthawuza kubangula kwa galu.Amakhala ndi zopyapyala zazitali ndi maso achikasu kapena ambulera, makutu okhazikika, matupi opyapyala, ophimbidwa ndi ubweya wakuda ndi michira yayitali yofiyira.

Nyamazo zimakhala ndi imvi, zofiirira, zoyera kapena zofiirira. Utoto wawo wamakhola umatengera komwe amakhala. Coyote nyama amakhala ku North America ndipo amayenda kumapiri ndi kumapiri, samakhala m'nkhalango nthawi zambiri.

Malo okondedwa okhalamo - zipululu za Canada, United States, Mexico ndi Central America. Anthu akamakulitsa malire a kumidzi, ma coyotes amayenera kuzolowera moyo wamatauni kuti apeze chakudya.

Masiku ano, okhala ku New York, Florida ndi Los Angeles sanadabwerenso ndi mawonekedwe a coyote mumsewu. Ma Coyotes ndi zolengedwa zachangu kwambiri. Komabe, ma coyote ambiri sanaonepo anthu. Amatha kukhala pafupifupi ma kilomita 64 pa ola limodzi, osambira okongola komanso opumpha.

Chakudya cha Coyote

Ma Coyotes amasankha zakudya. Amakhulupirira kuti amadyera nyama chifukwa ndi omnivores komanso amawononga masamba. Amakonda kusaka nyama yaying'ono monga makoswe, kalulu, nsomba, achule, amatha kudya zovalazo kapena kudya pambuyo pa adani ena.

Zakudya zazing'ono, tizilombo, zipatso ndi zitsamba. Ngati gulu la ma coyote lasonkhana, ndiye kuti kusaka kwakukulu, mwachitsanzo, kwa mbawala, kutha kuchititsidwa. Nthawi zambiri amasaka nyama zawo, pogwiritsa ntchito kununkhira kwawo kwabwino, ndipo mphamvu zawo zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuthamangitsa nyama zazitali mtunda wautali ndipo akagwidwa ndi kutopa, kumenyedwa.

Nyengo yadzuwa, amatha kuyesa kukumba thanki yamadzi kapena kupeza akumwa ng'ombe. Zomera zomwe nyama zimadya zimakhala ndi chinyezi mkati mwake.

Ma coyota am'tawuni amagwiritsa ntchito zimbudzi, agalu agalu amadzi, matziwe ndi zotchinga madzi pazinthu za gofu ndi zina zam'madzi zanyanjayi zomwe zimapanga chinyezi.

Pakati pa anthu wokonda bwino ndimaona ngati tizilombo tomwe titha kupha ziweto ndi ziweto. M'mizinda, coyote imagwiritsa ntchito ziweto - amphaka, agalu ang'onoang'ono ndikunyamula zinyalala m'mabampu. Coyotesti amatha kudumphira mosavuta pa mpanda kapena khoma mamita atatu kutalika.

Kubala komanso nthawi yayitali ya coyote

Nditha kuwona banja coyotes mu chithunzi, amuna ndi akulu kwambiri kuposa akazi. Nthawi zina, ma coyotes amapanga mgwirizano wautali, kukulira ana opitilira limodzi, ndipo nthawi zina amakhalabe limodzi mpaka atakhala ndi moyo. Nyengo yakukhwima imatha kuyambira pa Okutobala mpaka Marichi.

Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yakukhwima, amuna angapo osakwatiwa amasonkhana mozungulira wamkazi kuti amusamalire, koma apanga ubale ndi m'modzi yekha. Awiriwa amakhala nthawi yayitali asanatole.

Nthawi ya bere imakonda kukhala m'mwezi wa Epulo - Meyi, pakakhala chakudya chochuluka. Mchitidwewo umatenga masiku makumi asanu ndi limodzi ndi atatu, ana ake ndi atatu kapena khumi ndi awiriwo. Kukula kwake kudzakhala kwakukulu bwanji kutengera komwe ukukhala coyote.

M'malo omwe muli ma coyotes ambiri, pamakhala ana ochepa. M'malo okhala ndi ma coyote ochepa, kukula kwa ana anu kudzakhala kokulirapo. Onsewa akutenga nawo mbali posamalira nyama zazing'ono.

Amayi amadyetsa ana awo mkaka kwa milungu isanu kapena isanu ndi iwiri, atatha milungu itatu amayamba kudya chakudya chamadzimadzi, chomwe champhongo chimabweretsa ndikumalavula. Tate wachikondi amasamala chakudya ndi chikazi ndi ana nthawi zonse ndipo amamuthandiza kumuteteza kwa adani ake.

Yaikazi imakhala ndi ana mpaka maso awo atatseguka, omwe ali pafupifupi masiku 11-12. Pofika miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ma coyota achichepere ndi okhwima mokwanira ndipo ali ndi mano osatha. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyi, mkaziyo amaphunzitsa ana ake kuti ayang'anire chakudya.

Banja limathawa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo pofika nthawi yophukira, ana agalu, monga lamulo, amapita kukasaka yekha. Chaka chisanathe, amayamba njira yawoyawo, nkumakawuza gawo lawo ndi mkodzo. Nyama zakonzeka kukhwima ndi miyezi 22. Coyote nyama amathanso kukwatirana ndi agalu.

Ana awo amatchedwa koidogami. Ndi ochepa pochulukirapo, chifukwa amuna samathandiza akazi kusamalira ana ndi kukhwima kumachitika nthawi yachisanu, zomwe zimabweretsa kupulumuka kochepa.

Mu chithunzi kaydog

Coyotes amakhala nthawi zambiri kupsinjika ndi adani, zovuta za chakudya, matenda ndi majeremusi. Nthawi zambiri amafera m'manja mwa anthu, nkhwangwa, zimbalangondo, chiwombankhanga, agalu amazisakira, ndipo anyani akuluakulu nthawi zambiri amapha nyama zazing'ono za munthu wina. Coyotes ali mu ukapolo amakhala mpaka zaka 18. Kuthengo, pafupifupi zaka zinayi, ana ambiri achichepere amamwalira chaka choyamba.

Kufalitsa

Kugawidwa ku North America, kuchokera ku Alaska kupita ku Panama. Pali masamba 19.

Mpaka 50s Coyote wa m'ma 1900 adapezeka kokha kuchokera ku Mississippi kupita ku Mapiri a Sierra Nevada, komanso kuchokera m'chigawo cha Alberta (Canada) kupita ku Mexico. Sizinadziwike kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa USA. Koma chifukwa cha kudula mitengo mwachisawawa ndikuthamangitsidwa kwa osewera wamkulu wopikisana ndi chakudya - nkhandwe yachizolowezi komanso yofiyira - coyote yafalikira kudera lake lalikululi. Chifukwa chake, panthawi ya "golide wofulumira" ma coyote, kutsatira owonera golide, adalowa ku Canada ndi Alaska, Georgia ndi Florida adayambitsidwa mwapadera ngati masewera. Masiku ano, coyote amapezeka mu 49 mwa mayiko 50 aku US (kupatula Hawaii).

Moyo ndi Zopatsa Thanzi

Coyote amadziwika kuti ndi zigwa lotsegulidwa ndi zipululu. Nthawi zambiri amathamangira kunkhalango. Zimachitika m'malo osiyidwa kapena kunja kwa mizinda ikulu ngati Los Angeles. Amasinthasintha mosavuta pamtunda wopangidwa ndi anthu. Khalidwe lawo nthawi yamadzulo kwambiri. Mu biocenoses of the prairie coyote amakhala m'malo ofanana ndi nkhandwe mu biocenoses ya Old World. Coyote ndiwosangalatsa komanso wosasamala chakudya. Komabe, 90% yazakudya zake zimapangidwa ndi chakudya chanyama: mavu, akalulu, agalu otetezedwa, nkhuni zamatchire ndi agologolo pansi (ku Canada), makoswe ochepa. Imakhala ndi ma skunk, ma raccoon, zonyansa, zotheka ndi ma bea, zimadya mbalame (pheasants), tizilombo. Zimasambira ndi kugwira nyama zamadzi - nsomba, achule ndi zatsopano. Nkhosa zakunyumba, mbuzi, mbidzi zamtchire ndi pronghorn sizimawombedwa kawirikawiri. Chakumapeto kwa chilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira, amadya zipatso, zipatso ndi mtedza mosangalatsa. Madera akumpoto nthawi yachisanu, amasinthana ndi kudya kanyama, kumatsata gulu la anthu osapembedza, kudya nyama zakugwa ndi kupha nyama zofooka. Anthu nthawi zambiri samakhudza, m'matauni ena nthawi zina amakung'a zinyalala. Komabe, posachedwapa pakhala pali milandu ingapo ya ma coyote omwe akuukira anthu. Milandu iwiri yokha yakuukira kwa coyote paanthu omwe adapha yalembedwa m'mbiri. Coyote nthawi zambiri amatsutsana ndi ziweto zomwe sizikusamalidwa; coyote imodzi imatha kupha ndi kudya tambala kapena galu wochepa, kuwononga nkhuku kapena kuluma nkhosa. Ku United States, akuyerekeza kuti pafupifupi 60% ya nkhosa zophedwa ndi ziweto amazunzidwa ndi khansa. Pafupi ndi mizinda yayikulu, amphaka am'nyumba amatha kuwerengetsa mpaka 10% ya zakudya za coyote.

Coyotes amasaka yekha, awiriawiri, nthawi zina pamasewera akulu (nguluwe-wakuda, caribou wachinyamata ndi wapiti) - m'matumba. Kugawika kwa maudindo mumphako yosaka ndikofanana ndi nkhandwe: Omenyera amayang'anira kuti awononge kapena kuwathamangitsa. Nthawi zina coyote amasaka limodzi ndi mbendera yaku America, yomwe imaphwanya khomo la dzenjalo ndikuponyera okhalamo mwachindunji. Coyote iliyonse, banja kapena banja lili ndi gawo lake, pakati pake ndi dzenje kapena dzenje. Mamembala a phukusi amalembera malire amalo awo ndi mkodzo.

Coyote ndiwosangalatsa kwambiri pamitundu yonse yamtchire, kwa agalu onse, ndi agalu okhaokha omwe amatha kugwira nsomba zam'madzi. Coyote amatha kudumphira 2-5 m ndikuthamanga pa liwiro la 40-50 km / h, pamtunda wochepa kwambiri umatha kuthamanga mpaka 65 km / h. Imatha kuyenda mtunda wawutali: kusaka, imapambana ma 5-16 km. Mwinanso coyote ali ndi ziwalo zam'maganizo zopangidwa mwaluso kwambiri, amatha kuwona kutali kwa 200 m, chimodzimodzi usiku ndi usiku. Kuphatikiza apo, coyote ndiye "womveka kwambiri" pakati pa zolengedwa zoyimilira ku North America: kukuwa kwake ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pamapiriwo.

Adani akuluakuluwo ndi phokoso komanso nkhandwe. Mmbulu pamalo potseka sichowopsa kwa mbalamezi, chifukwa coyote amathamanga kwambiri ndipo amatha kuthawa nthawi zonse. Coyote salekerera kupezeka kwa nkhandwe yofiira, mpikisano wake wa chakudya, pagawo lake. Coyotes nthawi zina amaphatikizana ndi agalu am'makomo, ndipo nthawi zina ndi mimbulu.

Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka

Gawo lalikulu m'makhola ndi amuna ndi akazi, ngakhale nyama ndi ziweto zimapezeka nthawi zambiri. Ziweto zimapangidwa komwe kuli ma coyotes ambiri, ndipo chakudya ndichopatsa, mwa iwo anthu 5-6, makolo ndi ana achichepere kuyambira chaka cham'mbuyomu. Ziweto zimawoneka m'miyala ngakhale kuchuluka kwa timiyendo tating'onoting'ono kumachepera, ndipo ma coyote amakakamizidwa kuti agwirizane kuti asaka nyama zazikulu. Coyotes samakonda kusamvana kwambiri, ngakhale kulowerera kwa alendo pagulu la gulu nthawi zambiri sikuti kumabweretsa nkhondo.

Fomu la Coyote kwa zaka zambiri. Mating - mu Januware-February. Mimba - 60-65 masiku, ana ana 5-10, nthawi zina mpaka 19 cubs. Ana amabadwira kuphanga - m'mphanga, m'matanthwe, pamiyala ya mtengo wakugwa kapena m'dzenje, nthawi zina mbendera kapena nkhandwe yakale. Ma Coyotes nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi malo osungirako pomwe makolo amakhala ndi ana amphongo pangozi. Makolo onsewa amatenga nawo mbali pa chisamaliro cha banja. Masiku oyamba mkazi samasiya dzenje, ndipo wamphongo amapeza chakudya. Zitsamba zimadyetsedwa, zikuyambitsidwa ndi chakudya chokhazikika. M'dzinja, amakhala odziyimira pawokha, amuna achichepere amachoka, ndipo akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala m'matumba.

A Coyotes amakhala zaka 10 mu ufulu komanso zaka 16-18 ali mu ukapolo.

Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi mafotokozedwe

Coyote ndi nkhwangwa yolumikizana mwachindunji ndi banja la canine. Kutanthauziridwa kuchokera ku Chilatini, dzina la nyamayi limatanthawuza "galu wokuwa." Coyote samadziwika kuti ndi galu yekha, komanso mimbulu, yomwe imangokhala malo ochepera, ngakhale kuti coyote ndi yaying'ono kwambiri kukula kuposa nkhandwe wamba. Kutalika kwa thupi lake kumafikira mita imodzi, osawerengera mchira, kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi 30. Kutalika kwa coyote kumapeto ndi theka la mita, ndipo kukula kwake kumakhala kosiyanasiyana kuyambira 7 mpaka 21 kg. Mmbulu ndi wamkulu komanso wamkulu kuposa nkhono, kulemera kwake kuyambira 32 mpaka 60 kg.

Kanema: Coyote

Pali mitundu yambiri ya masanjidwe a coyote, tsopano alipo khumi ndi asanu ndi anayi. Mitundu imasiyana pang'ono kukula ndi mtundu wa chivundikiro cha ubweya. Zimatengera kukhazikika kwathunthu kwa mtundu wina wamitundu yocheperako. Kunja, coyote amafanana osati nkhandwe, imawoneka ngati nkhandwe komanso galu wamba. Coyotes adadziwika monga mtundu wosiyana kumapeto kwa Pliocene (zaka zoposa mamiliyoni awiri zapitazo).

Chosangalatsa: coyotes amatha kukwatirana ndi agalu ndi mimbulu (ofiira ndi imvi), ndikupanga ma hybrids. Amadziwika kuti wosakanizidwa ndi coyote ndi galu ali ndi malo achifwamba ambiri, akumenya ziweto nthawi zambiri kuposa khansa wamba.

Kukhazikika kwamuyaya kwa coyote kukukulira, pang'onopang'ono izi zinayamba m'zaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, pamene kuchuluka kwa mimbulu yofiira ndi imvi kudachepetsedwa kwambiri chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwawo ndi anthu. A coyote adalowa m'malo mwa mimbulu m'dera lawo, lofalikira kudera lonse la North America.

Kodi coyote amakhala kuti?

Chithunzi: Wild Coyote

Monga tanena kale, malo okhala ma coyote tsopano ndi ochulukirapo, ngakhale izi zisanachitike izi sizinali zofala. Ma Coyotes tsopano akhazikika ku North ndi Central America, ndipo malo awo amakhalapo kuchokera ku Alaska kupita ku Costa Rica. Pasanathe zaka zana zapitazo, a coyote anali ndi malo okhala kumapiri, amakhala kumadera a Mississippi kupita kumapiri a Sierra Nevada, komanso kuchokera ku Canada of Alberta kupita ku boma la Mexico. Kummwera ndi kum'mawa kwa United States, chilombochi sichinadziwike.

Tsopano zinthu zasintha kwambiri, izi zinachitika pazifukwa zingapo:

• Chifukwa cha kudula mitengo mwachisawawa,
• Chiwonongeko chochitidwa ndi anthu a mimbulu yofiira ndi imvi, omwe anali opikisano akuluakulu a coyotes.

Zonsezi zidalola ma coyote kufalikira kumadera omwe chilombochi sichinawonedwepo kale. Amadziwika kuti nthawi ya "golide wothamangitsa" omwe adatsata adatsata omwe adapeza zitsulo zamtengo wapatali motero adafika kudera la Alaska ndi Canada, komwe akukhalabe otetezeka. M'mayiko aku America monga Florida ndi Georgia, anthu omwe adabweretsa nyama izi ngati masewera. Pakadali pano anyaniwa amakhala kumayiko onse aku US, kupatula amodzi okha, omwe amadyawo sakhala ku Hawaii.

Chilombochi chimakonda zigwa, malo okhala, madera, zipululu ndi mapiri, sichidali pachabe kuti amachitcha "nkhandwe". Nthawi zina, ma coyote amatha kulowa m'malo a nkhalango, koma osati kwakanthawi, magombe amakhala m'malo a tundra. Nyama zodabwitsazi zimatha kutchedwa kuti zachilengedwe, chifukwa zimazolowera komanso kuzolowera chilengedwe chilichonse. Coyotes amatha kukhala kumadera akutali, komanso kunja kwa mizinda ikuluikulu (mwachitsanzo, Los Angeles).

Chochititsa chidwi: ma coyotes amatha kutengera masanjidwe amtundu uliwonse anthropogenic, ndipo m'malo omwe amapezeka m'mapiri amatha kukumana pamtunda wa 2 - 3 km.

Kodi coyote amadya chiyani?

Chithunzi: North Coyote

Coyotes amatchedwa omnivores; menyu wawo amakhala ndi nyama ndi zakudya. Zachidziwikire, kuchuluka kwa chakudya chazomwe nyama zimachokera muzakudya ndizochulukirapo. Chakudya, nyama zodyerazi sizabereka. Zoyala zamitundu mitundu zazing'onoting'ono, kalulu, marimu, agalu odyetsa, agologolo a pansi amadya, amatha kuthana ndi ma skunks, mapaipi, ma beaver, zonyansa, ma raccoons. Mmbulu wodyera ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana sitimadana, kudya phwando kwa mbalame (pheasants).

Sizachilendo kusaka ng'ombe zapakhomo, mbidzi zamtchire, ndi mbira zazitali, koma nkhosa zoweta nthawi zambiri zimagwiriridwa ndi mdani uyu. Ku United States, ziwerengero zikuchitika zomwe, malinga ndi ziwonetsero, zikuwonetsa kuti pafupifupi makumi asanu ndi limodzi peresenti a nkhosa zonse zomwe zaphedwa zimagwidwa ndi coyote. Kuphatikiza pa zoweta, palinso nkhosa za kumapiri zakutchire zomwe zimapezeka m'gulu la zakudya za coyote. Nyama sizingakane njoka, akamba.

Chosangalatsa: coyote ndiwosambira kwambiri yemwe, ali m'madzi, amatha kugwira anthu oterewa, nsomba zosiyanasiyana ndi achule.

Nthawi yayitali komanso nthawi yophukira, zakudya zamasamba zimapezeka muzakudya za coyote:

• Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipatso
• Zipatso
• Zipatso,
• Maponda
• Mbewu za mpendadzuwa.

Ma Coyote omwe amakhala kumadera akumpoto nthawi zambiri amadya zowola nthawi yayitali. Nthawi zambiri amathamangitsa gulu la anthu osakhulupilira, kufunafuna odwala ndi ofowoka mmenemo, komanso amadya otaika. Coyote akuvutikira anthu ndikosowa kwambiri, ngakhale zidachitika, kawiri kawiri zolembedwa momwe munthu amafa. Ma Coyotesti sachita mantha ndi mizinda yayikulu ndipo nthawi yazakudya nthawi zambiri amakayendera zobwezeretsa zawo ndi kukumba zinyalala za chakudya cha anthu.

Ngati kuukira kwa munthu nthawi zambiri kungakhale kupatula lamulo, ndiye kuti coyote amadya mosangalatsa kwambiri amphaka monga amphaka ndi agalu ang'onoang'ono. Pafupifupi, monga mukuwonera, mndandanda wa nkhandwe ya meadow ndi wolemera kwambiri komanso osiyanasiyana, pali mbale zochulukirapo za kukoma kulikonse. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti wopikisana naye kwambiri pa chakudya ndi nkhandwe wofiira.

Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo

Chithunzi: American coyote

Mpaka posachedwapa, ma coyotes anali ngati osakwatiwa, koma kafukufuku waposachedwa asayansi awonetsa kuti sizili choncho. Mwachilengedwe, nyama izi zimakhala zofanana, ma coyotes amapanga banja lolimba. M'malo omwe chakudya chimakhala chambiri, nyama nthawi zambiri zimakhala m'matumba athunthu, zomwe zimaphatikizapo makolo awo ndi achinyamata awo kuchokera ku ana akale. Gulu la ma coyote limapanganso ngati nyama zazing'ono zomwe zili mdera lawo ndizochepa, ndipo nyama zazikulu sizingasakidwe zokha, chifukwa chake, olusa amayanjana kuti apange masewera akuluakulu.

Coyote nthawi zambiri amasaka nthawi yamadzulo. Pamiyala ing'onoing'ono ndi zolengedwa zina zazing'ono zatsopano kusaka nyamayo yokha. Choyamba, coyote amayang'ana mnzake yemwe amamugwirira ntchito mtsogolo, ndipo ataona, amayamba nayo mosamala, kenako amadziponyera ndi kulumpha limodzi mothamanga, ndikumakankhira pansi pansi ndikugwetsa pakhosi pake ndi mikwingwirima yake yakuthwa.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti masomphenyawa, kununkhiza komanso kumva kwa ma coyotes ndi zabwino kwambiri, zomwe zimawathandiza kwambiri posaka. Ziwombankhangazi ndiwothamanga kwambiri, amatha kuthamanga mpaka ma kilomita 64 pa ola limodzi. Pakusaka nyama zazikulu, anyani ammagulu timagulu tozungulira ndikuyendetsa nyama.

Chosangalatsa: kusaka kophatikiza kopindulitsa, ma coyote adagwirizana ndi ma badger, kugawa maudindo awo mwausodzi momasuka. Atapeza dzenje, mbiyayo imayamba kukumba, kuthamangitsa okhalamo, ndipo nyanjayo imayang'anitsitsa izi kuti isaphonye aliyense. Phindu pamgwirizano wachilendo ngatiwowu ndikuti nkhwangwa imatetezedwa ndi nkhandwe pomwe ikumba kukumba mabowo, imapeza nyamayo yomwe imatha kugwira kabowo, ndipo mochenjera imagwira mochenjera anthu omwe amayesera kuti atuluke.

Kuyankhulana pakati pa ma coyotes kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi mawu osiyanasiyana, iliyonse imakhala ndi tanthauzo lake. Pofotokoza zakomwe zili, nyamazo zimangolira. Phokoso longa galu wolira likulengeza zowopsa. Kufuula pang'ono kumanenedwa ngati moni. Nthawi zina zimalira ndikamapeza ziphona zazing'onoting'ono kuti zitanitse gulu lonse kumalo amenewo. Kuyambira ana agalu nthawi yamasewera olimbikitsa mumatha kumva phokoso komanso kufinya.

Coyotes amakhala, nthawi zambiri mumakumba, omwe nthawi zambiri amakumba okha, ngakhale nthawi zina amakhala ndi nkhandwe zopanda pake ndi zogona. Khola loterolo limakhala pakatikati pa zomwe ali ndi banja lawolawo, pomwe banja kapena kagulu ka nyama zazing'ono zimakhala, nthawi zambiri dera lamderali limakhala pafupifupi 20 kilomita. Nthawi zambiri, ma coyote amapezekanso malo osakhalitsa, omwe amakhala ndi zitsamba zowongoka, miyala yamiyala ndi mabowo otsika. Amawagwiritsa ntchito kuti apumule kapenanso kukhala pabwino kuti asawopseze.

Habitat

Nyama yamtundu wamtundu wa Canis latrans (lat. "Galu wogulitsa") imagawidwa kuchokera ku Alaska kupita ku Central America, koma makamaka ku Great Plains. Pakalepo, mapiri a Appalachian anali malire akum'mawa komwe anali, koma patapita nthawi malo akewo adakulirakulira mpaka ku United States ndi Canada.

Coyote: Kufotokozera kwanyama

Kutalika kwa Canis latrans kufota kumakhala pafupifupi 60 cm, kutalika - 1-1.3 m, kuphatikiza mchira wa 30-40 cm, kulemera kwake ndi 9-23 kg. Ubweya wake ndi wautali komanso wolimba, nthawi zambiri imatsukira m'maso ndipo imayera pansi, imakhala yofiyira pamiyendo ndipo itapaka pachala ndi chitsotso chakuda. Momwe ma coyote amawonekera akhoza kukhala osiyana kwambiri kutengera malo omwe amakhala. Pali zosiyana zazikulu zachigawo mu mtundu ndi mitundu yamagulu osiyanasiyana. Zitsanzo zazikulu kwambiri zimakhala kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa United States komanso kum'mawa kwa Canada. Coyotes nthawi zambiri amakhala ocheperako kuposa mimbulu imvi, koma amakhala ndi makutu aatali komanso chigaza chokulirapo.

Zakudya Zabwino Komanso Kusaka

Coyotes amadziwika chifukwa cha phokoso usiku komanso kuwombera kwawo. Izi makamaka ndi nyama zausiku. Coyotes (chithunzi chimaperekedwa m'nkhaniyi) akathamanga, mchira umatsitsidwa (mosiyana ndi mimbulu yomwe imagwira molimba) ndipo amatha kuthamanga mpaka 64 km / h. Mayendedwe awo ndi owerengeka komanso ocheperako poyerekeza ndi agalu.

Coyotes ndi asodzi aluso, momwe akumvera ndi chidwi. M'malo otseguka, amagwiritsa ntchito kupenya kwamaso, koma amadalira kununkhira komanso kumva kuti apeze nyama yazomera zowirira kapena m'nkhalango. Kumpoto kwa mtunduwo, mbalamezo zimayamwa pa kalulu ndi ngwazi zoyera. Munthu m'modzi amatha kupha mbawala zachikulire, makamaka mu chipale chofewa. Coyote amuponyera pansi, ndikumenya miyendo yake yakumbuyo mobwerezabwereza, ndikumukumbatira, ndikukuta pakhosi pake.

M'dzinja ndi koyambilira kwa dzinja, nthawi zambiri amasaka awiriawiri kapena m'matumba. Kuchita bwino kumatengera kuchuluka kwa omwe akutenga nawo mbali. Makulu akulu nthawi zambiri amagwira nyama zazikulu, ngakhale amagwira ndikudya nyama iliyonse yomwe akumana nayo. Zakudya za coyote zimakhala ndi tizilombo, njoka, udzu ndi zovunda. Nthawi zina pomwe nyama sizikupezeka, kapena m'malo omwe zimavuta kupeza, amadya zipatso ndi zipatso. Nthawi yomweyo, ma coyotes amatha kuchepa thupi. Kumpoto chakum'mawa, amadyetsedwa bwino nthawi yozizira, pomwe agwape ndiosavuta kugwira.

Gawo

Ma Coyotes ali ndi malingaliro okonda kuteteza tsamba lawo. Amasungidwa ndi onse awiri okwatirana. Malowa ali ndi mkodzo ndi ndowe, ndipo akukhulupirira kuti chisonyezo cha ntchito yake ndiyoliranso. Kukula kwa chiwembucho kumasiyanasiyana malinga ndi komwe nkhandwe imakhala. Dera lake limatsimikiziridwa ndi kupezeka kwa chakudya. Mwambiri, ndi mamitala 10 mpaka 40. km Nyama zimadutsa 5-16 km patsiku, kuphatikiza mpaka 0.8 km ndi madzi.

Utali wamoyo

Ali mu ukapolo, coyote amatha kufikira zaka 21, koma kuthengo amakhala zaka 6-8. Zaka zodziwika kwambiri ndi zaka 14.5. Choyambitsa kufa ambiri ndi anthu. Amapha chifukwa cha ubweya komanso kuteteza nyama zapakhomo kapena zakuthengo. Ma Coyotes nthawi zambiri amafa pomagundana ndi magalimoto.

Matenda opatsirana monga mphere, mliri wa agalu komanso matenda achiwewe ndiomwe amachititsa kwambiri kuti amwalira kuthengo. Zipsera ndizosavuta kuzindikira, popeza odwala amadwala amayamba kutaya tsitsi m'malo ena athupi, nthawi zambiri pamchira ndi m'mbali. Mapeto ake, amatha kufa pambuyo poyambira kuzizira.

Kuyanjana kwa anthu

Coyote ndi nyama yanzeru, yotchuka chifukwa cha kuchenjera kwake komanso kuthamanga. Kwa nthawi yayitali akhala akuzunzidwa chifukwa chakuwombera ziweto komanso masewera. Mpaka pakati pa zaka za zana la makumi awiri. mayiko ambiri adalipira ndalama zakufa kale. Anthu okhala pafupi ndi famu nthawi zambiri amamenya ziweto, makamaka nkhosa. Zitha kuvulanso mbewu za mavwende, mavwende ndi mbewu zina. Amadziwika kuti pafupi ndi mizinda, anyaniwa amapha ndikudya ziweto zomwe zatsala usiku wonse kunja. Pali umboni wina woukira anthu, kuphatikizapo chinthu chimodzi chopha anthu. Komabe, zochitika ngati izi ndizosowa kwambiri ndipo, monga lamulo, zimachitika pomwe ma coyotes anasiya kuopa anthu (mwachitsanzo, pafupi ndi malo oyandikana nawo). Nthawi zambiri amachita mantha ndi kupewa anthu, koma amalolera kuti anthu azikhala m'mapaki, amatha kupezeka pafupipafupi m'mizinda monga Chicago ndi Los Angeles.

Vocalization

Coyote amadziwika kuti ndi wolemera kwambiri kuposa zolengedwa zonse za ku North America. Akuluakulu amatha kubereka mitundu 11 ya mawu. Nyimbozi zimagawika m'magulu: agonistic komanso osokoneza, moni ndikukhudzana.

Kuyika kozama kwambiri kumakhala koopsa kapena kaphokoso ndipo nthawi zambiri kumamveka m'malo oyandikira, kupangitsa ana agalu kubwerera kwawo. Kambuku amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chizindikiro chowopseza pamtunda waufupi, koma amatha kumveka kuchokera kusewera ana agalu komanso awiriawiri otsutsana. Kutsatsa kungachitike chifukwa cha njira yolankhulirana mawu patali, komanso ma alarm. Kulira kogontha kumagwiranso ntchito yofananayi.

Chizindikiro cha kugonjera chikuyamba kulira. Anthu odabwitsa akuvomereza kuvomereza izi mwakuwukweza kwambiri. Nyimbo zaphokoso zimaphatikizidwa ndi kutsika kocheperako komwe kumatsitsidwa ndi ma coyote ogonjera, omwe nthawi zambiri amatsatiridwa ndi mchira wopindika. Gulu lomwe limangolira limamveka mamembala awiri kapena kuposerapo pake akakumana ndipo akhoza kukhala mwambo womaliza wa moni wovuta. Kubangula kwa osakwatiwa ndi gulu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhazikitsa kulumikizana ndi ma coyotes ena. Loyamba limakhala kudziwa komwe kuli munthu, kumenyera paketiyo. Gulu likulira limaperekedwa poyankha patokha, pagulu, komanso kuuwa.

Kupulumuka

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2000 zino, kuchuluka kwa ma coyote kunali kwakukulu kuposa kale ku North America, zomwe ndi umboni wa kuthekera kwawo kutengera malo osinthidwa ndi anthu. Ngakhale kusaka kosalekeza, kusuntha ndi njira zina zowongolera, chiwerengero cha anthu chimasungidwa, ndipo tsogolo la mtundu uwu wa canine likuwoneka ngati lotetezeka. Zowonadi, akatswiri azachilengedwe amada nkhawa kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwazinthuzi kuposa kusowa kwa nyama izi.

Coyotes chimaswana mosavuta ndi agalu oweta. Ana awo amatchedwa koidogami.

Lembani

1. Anthu ambiri amwazikana ku Canada, North America, United States of America ndi Mexico. Kuphatikiza apo, zolengedwa zoyamwitsa zimapezeka ku Eurasia, koma m'malo mwake zimakhala zochepa. Mupeza zambiri mwatsatanetsatane za kagawoli pansipa, koma pakadali pano, timapereka mawonekedwe akunja a omwe adayimilidwa.
2. Potengera mawonekedwe onse, zizindikiro za nyama ndizochepa pang'ono kuposa mimbulu. Thupi limatambasuka m'litali mwa mita imodzi, kuphatikiza pafupifupi 25 cm limaperekedwa kumchira. Malinga ndi kufota, zinyama zimakula mpaka theka la mita, komabe, oimira banja nthawi zambiri amapezeka ochepa. Ponena za misa, zimatengera mwachindunji kunenepa ndi chakudya cha munthu wina. Zitha kukhala pafupifupi 8-20 kg.
3. Chochititsa chidwi ndi nyama zomwe tafotokozazi ndi makutu a mawonekedwe, chinthu chamunthuchi m'malo mofanana ndi agalu olusa. Mchira wake ndi wokulirapo, koma nthawi yomweyo umakhala wofiyira komanso. Anthu okhala m'mapiri amakhala ndi khungu pang'ono kuposa anzawo, makamaka amakhala m'malo achipululu. Nyimbo yoyamba yofiirira, yofiirira, yachiwiri ya utoto wa bulauni.
4. Ubweya wake ndi wandiweyani komanso wamtali. Zikwangwani zofiira nthawi zambiri zimapezekanso, koma anthu ambiri amakhala ndi utoto wakuda. Gawo lam'mimba limayatsidwa, pafupi ndi beige kapena yoyera. Mchira waku Ukraine uli ndi chidutswa chakuda. Tikayerekezera kuchuluka kwa zolengedwa zomwe zimayamwa ndi mimbulu, m'mbuyomu, kupukutira kuli kolimbikitsidwa kwambiri.

Kudyetsa

1. Oimira banja ndiwosangalatsa. Sadzakola mafuta posankha zakudya. Zakudya zambiri zoyambirira zimadyedwa kuchokera ku nyama. Makamaka nthawi zambiri amasaka agalu, akalulu, makoswe ang'onoang'ono ngati. Idyinso raccoon ,amu, ma bea, mbalame zamatenda osiyanasiyana, tizilombo.
2. Nyama zam'madzi zimamva bwino m'malo am'madzi. Zimasaka kuchokera kumtunda nsomba ndi achule, zimatenga zatsopano ndi nyama zina zamtunduwu. Nthawi ndi nthawi pamakhala mwayi wosangalala ndi zipatso, mndandanda umakhala wowala ndi chakudya choyambira. Panegyric ndi ya zipatso ndi zipatso, ena opatsa chidwi amadya mtedza ndi mpendadzuwa.
3. Zosankha ndizosiyanasiyana, kutengera nyengo. Pakalibe chakudya, nyamazo zimatenga zovunda, kusaka nyama zovulala kuti zipulumutse mphamvu. Zina zimafunafuna nyama zodwala, pambuyo pake zimaphedwa ndikudya ngati chakudya. Ngati coyotes amakhala m'mapaki amtundu, amazolowera alendo ndikusangalala nawo.
4. Kafukufuku wachitika pomwe panali mwayi kupeza kuti ndi zochuluka ziti zomwe zimadya. Kotala la zakudya zawo za tsiku ndi tsiku ndi zovunda, zochepa zimaperekedwa ku makoswe ndi ziweto.
5. Anthu oyambilira amasaka nyama zakutchire, amadya mbalame ndi tizilombo. Zomera zomwe zimakhala ndizomera ndizosowa, zosapatsidwa peresenti ziwiri. Ponena za ziweto, nkhukuzi zimangokhala ngati zilibe chakudya. Sims zimatha kusaka ana ang'ono ndi ana amphongo nthawi yomweyo.

Adani

1. Koma za adani achilengedwe, makamaka, nthawi zambiri nyama zoyimiridwazo zimasakidwa ndi mimbulu ndi miyala ya mamba. Ndi kukula kwachichepere kokhako komwe kumadziwa kuvutika. Ana agalu osatetezedwa nawonso amagwidwa ndi nthenga zakuthengo, agalu akuluakulu, kadzidzi, ngakhale anyani akuluakulu. Osakwana theka la achinyamata amakhala mpaka atakula.
2. Komanso nyamazo zikufunsidwa kuti zizipikisana ndi zachilengedwe. Nthawi zambiri imawonetsedwa ngati nkhandwe. Ndizo basi, ndipo nyama zotere zimatha kuthamangitsa coyota kudera lawo. Kupitilira izi, ziwengo zazikulu zakufa za nyama zoyimiriridwa zimachitika chifukwa chakuti zimatengedwa ndi matenda ambiri akupha.
3. Ma coyotes amayenda mwachangu ndipo ambiri amawonongeka ndi anthu. M'mbuyomu, panali vuto ndi kuchuluka kwa zinyama zoyimiriridwa. Mwamunayo adangokakamizidwa kusaka ndikuwononga coyotes. Ngakhale madera onse adawotchedwa.

Mkhalidwe

Omwe amadziwika ndi amodzi mwa nyama wamba komanso basta wamba. Coyotes ndi mitundu yosiyana, imodzi kapena ina yolekanitsa zaka zopitilira 2 miliyoni zapitazo. Munali gawo ili pomwe nyama zomwe zimaperekedwazo zidatha kubereka ndikulekana ndi kholo limodzi. Masiku ano (masiku), nyama zotere sizikuwopsezedwa kuti ziwonongeka.

M'nkhani ya lero, inde, inu ndi ine tidayang'ana oimira osangalatsa a banja la canine, omwe amasiyana mu deta yawo yakunja ndi mawonekedwe a kupezeka kwawo. Omwe adawonetsedwa ali ndi nzeru zambiri; amatha kuzolowera anthu ngati amakhala m'mapaki amtundu komanso pafupi ndi malo okhala anthu. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu chimabalalitsidwa ku North America konse.

Coyote mu chikhalidwe ndi nthano

Mu nthano zachikhalidwe za Amwenye aku North America, coyote amawoneka ngati mulungu - wochenjera, wamatsenga, wodziwa kwambiri komanso wochita zolakwika. Koma mu nthano zingapo, amagwiranso ntchito zina zamakedzana, mwachitsanzo, mu nthano ya Navajo Coyote, pomwe adakhalabe wamatsenga, "munthawi yomweyo" ndi mulungu wa kusaka, nkhondo ndi chikondi, woyambitsa ufiti. Mu nthano za kulenga, Coyote nthawi zina amapanga dziko la anthu oyamba, kumenya ntchofu ya dothi, chimbudzi kapena chovala magazi. M'mitundu yambiri ya anthu ku North America, nyama ya coyote imadziwika kuti ndi yopatulika, yopanda nyama, yomwe imayiloletsedwa chifukwa chachipembedzo.

Kuchokera ku dzina la coyote amachokera mwina Koyoakan.

Masanjidwe

Mabuku amoyo 19 ndiosiyanitsidwa:

• Canis latrans latrans - nominotypic taxon wamtundu wake. Amakhala kuchokera ku Alberta, Manitoba ndi Saskecivan kumpoto kupita ku New Mexico ndi Texas kumwera.
• Canis latrans cagottis - amakhala kudera la Mexico.
• Canis latrans clepticus - Mtunduwo umakhala ku California.
• Canis latrans dickeyi - amakhala kudera la El Salvador
• Canis latrans kukhumudwitsa - amakhala kumwera chakum'mawa ndi kum'mawa kwa Kansas, amapezekanso kumadera a Arkansas, Texas, Oklahoma ndi Missouri.
• Canis latrans goldmani - amakhala ku Belize.
• Canis latrans hondurensis - amakhala kudera la Honduras.
• Canis latrans impavidus - amakhala mbali ina ya gawo la Mexico.
• Canis latrans incolatus - amakhala ku Alaska komanso m'malo ena a Canada.
• Canis latrans jamesi - amakhala pachilumba cha Tiburon.
• Canis latrans mayes - amakhala ku Britain ndi Alberta kumpoto kupita ku Utah ndi Nevada kumwera.
• Canis latrans mearnsi - amakhala ku Colorado ndi Utah, komanso kumadera ena kumpoto kwa Mexico.
• Canis latrans microdon - amakhala kudera lakumwera kwa Texas ndi madera omwe akumalire ndi Texas ndi Mexico.
• Canis latrans ochropus - amakhala ku California
• Canis latrans peninsulae - amakhala ku California
• Canis latrans Texensis - amakhala ku Texas, kum'mawa kwa New Mexico komanso kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Mexico
• Canis latrans thamnos - amakhala ku Saskatchewan, Ontario, Indiana ndi Missouri
• Canis latrans umpquensis - amakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Washington ndi Oregon
• Canis latrans vigilis - amakhala pagombe la Pacific ku Mexico kumadera a Jalisco, Michoacana ndi Guerrero.