Pony (Chingerezi cha Chingerezi, kuchokera ku mipata. ponaidh “Hatchi yaying'ono”) ndi njira ya kavalo wakunyumba. Chowoneka ndi Kukula kochepa (80-140 cm), khosi lamphamvu, miyendo yayifupi, komanso kupirira. Ma tchire amaphatikiza mitundu yambiri yoberekeredwa pazilumba (Britain, Iceland, Sicily, Corsica, Gotland, Hokkaido).

Ku Russia, ndichizolowezi kunena kuti mahatchi a Shetland, a Welsh, a Scotland, a Icelandic, Falabella, amabwana ang'onoang'ono aku America. Lingaliro la "pony" m'mabuku a hippological aku Russia limaphatikizapo mahatchi okhala ndi kutalika kwa kutalika kwa 100-110 masentimita ndi kutsika, ngakhale mahatchi ena ochokera pamtunda wapamwambamwamba kwambiri. Kunjaku, kuchuluka kwa pony ndikosiyana: ku Germany amaphatikiza akavalo omwe amatalika kufota mpaka 120 cm ndi pansi, ku England - mpaka 147.3 cm.

Chiyambi

Amakhulupirira kuti ma poni oyamba adawonekera kuzilumba za ku Europe, kumpoto kwa Scandinavia komanso kudera lamakono la Camargue reserve (zilumba za Rhone Delta kumwera kwa France). M'malo a miyala yamiyala yolowedwa ndi mphepo yamkuntho ya Atlantic komanso zomera zosakwanira bwino kudyetsa msipu, zimapangidwa ndi mahatchi amphamvu, ofupika, osawoneka bwino, opanda ulemu.

Kuli kumwera kwa France komwe zotsalira za kavalo wakale, solutra, zidapezeka. Awa ndi kholo loyambirira la akavalo akale kwambiri, mbadwa zachindunji zomwe ndi mahatchi amakono, omwe amakhalanso otchedwa "akavalo oyamba".

Pakadali pano, mitundu 20 yosanjidwa bwino ndi ma pony yomwe ilipo (Shetland, Welsh, Iceland, Hokkaido) idagawidwa.

Malinga ndi chiphunzitso cha "mizere inayi yayikulu" (Eng.), Akuti mitundu yambiri ya mahatchi, makamaka ku Europe, idachokera ku kavalo wamtchire (Latin Equus ferus caballus).

Mawonekedwe Amphamvu

Chakudya cha pony

Pony imakhala ndi m'mimba yaying'ono, kotero, chakudya chochepa kwambiri m'magawo ang'onoang'ono ndioyenera. Poterepa, payenera kukhala madzi ambiri oyera, ndipo odyetserawo amasambitsidwa bwino. Ngati nyama zithera nthawi yawo yonse paudzu, ndiye kuti ndizofunikira kudya, popeza ponyayo imalowa mosavuta m'thupi.

Gwiritsani ntchito

Pali lingaliro lakuti pony ndi kavalo wa ana. Komabe, poyambirira mahatchiwo ankaswedwa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito zina. Chitsanzo chabwino ndi Shetland pony, yomwe idadziwika ndi gulu la zilumba za Shetland zomwe zili kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Scotland. Mahatchi otsetsereka ndi opondapondaku, omwe kutalika kwake sikokwanira masentimita 102 mpaka 60, nthawi zambiri amawonedwa ndi alendo kupita kumalo osungira nyama, m'mapaki, kubwereka mahatchi ndi masukulu.

Shetland pony ndiyotchuka chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zazikulu (molingana ndi kukula kwake pang'ono). Amatha kunyamula katundu kuwirikiza kawiri. M'mbuyomu, maiona amenewa anali kugwira ntchito m'migodi ndi m'migodi ya malasha pansi pa nthaka. Ku England kokha, mahatchi pafupifupi 16,000 a Shetland anagwira ntchito. Kwa maola 3,000 pachaka, kavalo kakang'ono ankakokedwa ndi katundu wolemera kwambiri, kunyamula mpaka matani 3,000 pachaka ndikuyenda pafupifupi 5,000 km. Mahatchi ambiri anagwira ntchito mobisa kwa zaka zambiri, osawona kuwala kwa dzuwa, samatukuka mpaka pansi ndikumapumira ndi fumbi lamoto.

Chakudya

Koma, kuti chakudyacho sichikhala chosasangalatsa ndipo sichikhala ndi mahatchi, amawonjezerapo china nthawi ndi nthawi. Chifukwa chake, kaloti ndi maapulo zimakhala ndi zotsatira zopindulitsa pa chimbudzi cha pony, ma beets a shuga amakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zofunikira zamafuta, ndipo nyemba, barele, mpendadzuwa, kugwiriridwa ndi mavitamini, chinangwa ndi soya kudzakhala gwero la fiber.

Pony

Mbiri ya Pony

Ndikosavuta kusiyanitsa poni ndi kavalo wamba - ingoyang'anani kutalika kwake. Ma poni samakula kupitirira masentimita 150, ndipo kwa ena mamita 1.2 ndi kale malire. Chifukwa cha kukula kwawo adapeza dzina lotere, popeza mu kutanthauzira kuchokera ku Chingerezi "ponaidh" kumatanthauza "kavalo". Koma ngakhale ali ochepa, akavalo oterewa safunikira chisamaliro chocheperako kuposa mahatchi enieni, chifukwa chake mukuyenera kuwayambitsa mosamala komanso ndiudindo waukulu.

Mahatchi onse, kuphatikiza mahatchi ndi wamba, anachokera kwa kholo lomwelo la Equus ferus caballus. Amakhulupilira kuti zinali ku France koyamba kuti maiona amenewo amapezeka omwe ali ponseponse padziko lonse lapansi. Tsopano pali gulu laling'ono lotchedwa Camargue, momwe mahatchi atchire amakhala.

Mahatchi wamba ndi mahatchi amagawana makolo omwewo

Ofufuza ena amati pony ndi malo omwe Scandinavia komanso zilumba zakumadzulo kwa Europe. Dera lino, lomwe nthaka yamiyala imayala, ma pon asintha kwambiri ndikukhala ocheperako, chifukwa masamba ambiri ndi osowa ndipo nyama zilibe chakudya. Kuphatikiza apo, pali zinthu zina zambiri zomwe zidapangitsa kuti akavalo azolowere nyengo yotentha - nyengo yoyipa, chisanu chitha kutchulidwa apa.

Mphamvu zamagetsi

Zimadziwika ndi zochitika zolimbitsa thupi, malo omangidwa, malo okhala ndi nthawi yazaka. M'chilimwe, ponyayo sayenera kudya mopitirira muyeso, ndipo nthawi yozizira komanso koyambirira kwam'mawa, kuphatikiza pa udzu wapamwamba, ndiye kuti adzafunikira chakudya chokwanira komanso mavitamini.

Kuchuluka kwa Mphamvu Pony

Makhalidwe a Pony

Mahatchi ang'ono ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi mahatchi osati akunja okha, komanso machitidwe - amakhala odekha, oleza mtima, omvera. Izi zimachitika makamaka chifukwa chakuti amagula mahatchi awa kwa ana, chifukwa chake akatswiri amapanga mawonekedwe ofunikira. Ponena za chisamaliro, amafunikira chisamaliro chocheperako kuposa anthu amtali.

Maonekedwe a pony ndiosiyana kwambiri ndi mahatchi amtali osati kukula kwake, koma ngakhale izi, sizotsika mtengo kwaotchera mu kukongola komanso ulemu. Thupi la pony ndilothamanga, lamphamvu, ngakhale laling'ono. Njira yawo yanthawi zonse pamoyo wawo komanso momwe amakhalira. Cholengedwa chaching'ono chimafunikira chakudya chochepa kwambiri kuposa mahatchi amtali kuti akhale athanzi ndi moyo.

Ma toni ambiri amawoneka ngati ankhandwe asanakalambe.

Komanso, mahatchi ang'onoang'ono amathandizira kudziteteza ku mphepo yamphamvu yozizira, kuwonjezera apo, ndikosavuta kwa mahatchi ang'onoang'ono kuti athe kufikira udzu m'malo odyetsa. Miyendo ya mahatchiwa ndi yolimba, yolimba, yolimba kwambiri, motero amatha kukumba mizu mu nthaka yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chakudya.

Ubweya wonyezimira wokhala ndi kutentha kumawateteza ku kutentha kochepa. Komanso, pony imakhala ndi chingwe chachitali, chomwe chimatsikira m'maso, chofanana ndi mtundu wamtundu - chimateteza maso a nyama kuzilombo ndi fumbi.

Mahatchi ang'ono ndifupi kwambiri

Kulemera kwa pony kumatha kuchoka pa kilogalamu zana mpaka mazana awiri. Kukula kwa maoni kumadalira komwe adachokera komanso komwe amakhala. Chifukwa, mwachitsanzo, kukula kwamahatchi aku Russia sikupitilira masentimita 115, Chijeremani - masentimita 122, Britain - pafupifupi 150 centimeter. Pali gulu la kukula kwamahatchi, zotsatira zake zomwe tiziwonetsa pansipa.

Tebulo 1. Kukula Kwa Pony

Kugawa

Ponies adawonekera koyamba kuzilumba ku Europe, kumpoto kwa Scandinavia ndi kumwera kwa France. Mahatchi olimba, osasinthika, akavalo osasunthika omwe amapangidwa pazilala zamiyala pomwe mphepo za Atlantic zimawomba, ndipo masamba odyetserawa siabwino. Kunali kumwera kwa France komwe mabwinja akale kwambiri a solutra, makolo a maonedwe amakono, anapezedwa.

Kummwera kwenikweni

Pony Mabwana

Mwachilengedwe, mulibe mitundu yambiri ya ma pony - pafupifupi makumi awiri okha. Ku Russia, theka la zomwe zikupezeka zimadziwika kuti ndizofala. Ambiri aiwo amaweta pama famu apadera kapena ma famu a Stud.

Tebulo nambala 2. Mitundu yotchuka ya mahatchi aang'ono

Shetland pony

Hatchi yaying'ono yokongola yomwe idakhazikitsidwa kuzilumba za Shetland ku Atlantic Ocean. Kutalika kwa masamba kufota ndi 65-110 cm.galimoto yaying'ono iyi yamtali yokhala ndi miyendo yayifupi, mutu wolemera, torso yotuwa, tsitsi lakuda ndi chingwe chachitali chomtira ndi mchira. Shetland ndiyotchuka kwambiri ngati phazi la ana. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pamasewera olingana.

Shetland pony

Sutiyi imakhala yosiyanasiyana, yodziwika kwambiri ndi piebald, pomwe mawanga oyera oyera, komanso suti zakuda ndi zowala, zimakhala kumbuyo kwenikweni kwa mtundu uliwonse.

Pony waku Scottish

Pony yaku Scottish kapena Highland kapena garron yagawidwa m'mitundu itatu: pony yaying'ono (kutalika 122-132 cm), pich Scottish pony (132-140 cm), ndi pony yayikulu mailey (142-147 cm).

Pony waku Scottish

Pony Wales

Pony waku Wales amadziwika ngakhale pansi pa Julius Caesar. Pali ma eyoni am'mapiri a Wales, omwe kutalika kwake sikupita 122 cm, pony wamba (110-136 cm) ndi cob waku Wales pasewera polo (137-159 cm).

Pony Wales

Mitengo yama brashi yotsuka mahatchi WAHL

Mfundo yofunika. Nyumba za ma pony zimatha kukhala chilichonse, koma ndikofunikira kuti ziwathandize kuti akhale omasuka. Chachikulu ndikuti chipindacho chizikhala choyera komanso chowuma. Kuthekera kwa kukonzekera kuyenera kupatulidwa pomwepo, chifukwa zimakhudza kwambiri mkhalidwe wa nyama. Khola liyenera kusunga kutentha kwina kuti mahatchiwo asazizire - chifukwa izi zidzakhala zofunikira kutenthetsa pansi ndi makhoma kuti mphepo isawombe. Mutha kuwerenga za momwe mungapangire khola la akavalo ndi manja anu munkhani yathu yapadera.

Madera akumpoto, zidzakhala zofunika kuchita kutentha kwanyini kuti mahatchi asavutike ndi chisanu. Ndipo ngakhale izi sizikhala zokwanira kwa iwo: ngati masiku ali ozizira kwambiri, akavalo adzafunika atakutidwa ndi zofunda.

Mu chisanu, nyama zimafunikira kuzitenthetsa

Palibe chithandizo kwa mahatchi anthaka omwe amafunikira, chifukwa samadwala. Komabe, nthawi ndi nthawi ndikofunikira kuphatikiza tsitsi la pony - izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kasupe nthawi yosungunuka, pomwe undercoat yozizira imasiya nyama. Kuti muchotse nyama bwino, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito maburashi apadera.

Pony Wodzikongoletsa

Mtunduwu umadziwikanso kuti Celtic pony, ndipo ndi mtundu wamtchire wakale wosungidwa wokwera pamahatchi ang'onoang'ono kuchokera ku 114 mpaka 125. Unadziwitsidwa ku Exmoor ndi Devon. Amadziwika ndi bai komanso bulasi yofiirira yomwe imayatsa pafupi ndi mphuno, yomwe imatchedwa "muzzle mumiyala".

Pony Wodzikongoletsa

Hooves

Mwezi uliwonse muyenera kupenda mosamala miyendo ya pony. Mutha kuchita izi pafupipafupi ngati mungazindikire kuti nyamayo yakhala yosazolowereka: momwe akumvera, mwadzidzidzi, samamva, akumva kuwawa. Ndi chizolowezi chabwino kuyang'ana ziboda za nyama tsiku lililonse. Nthawi zina muyenera kuvala pony, makamaka ngati malo oyandikana ndi asphalph.

Ngati mahatchi angoyenda pansi, mahatchi amatha kuthana

Ngati simukusamalira ziboda, ndiye kuti pali mwayi woti ayambe kusweka. Mbale yomwe ili pachimodzimodzi imasinthasintha ndipo miyala kapena zosayera zina zimayamba kugwa pansi pake, chifukwa chomwe pony imayamba kuthyoka. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuzindikira vutoli pakapita nthawi ndikuchotsa miyala yonse. Nthawi zonse muzitsuka mafuta owaza ndi mafuta kuti asasokere.

Pony wa ku Iceland

Uwu ndi mtundu wangwiro wa chilengedwe chonse, kutalika kwake 137 cm, ndi kutalika kochepera 100 cm ndi pansi. Maoni aku Iceland a mtundu wakuda ndi bay, nthawi zina - bulan (wachikasu golide kapena mchenga) kapena mbewa (mtundu wa phulusa).

Pony wa ku Iceland

Kusamalira Pony Hoof: Upangiri-wotsatira

Kusamalira mapazi ndi ziboda kumatha kuchitidwa pang'ono. Tikufotokozerani zambiri za izi mwatsatanetsatane.

Gawo 1 Yeretsani ziboda zanu mutabwera kuchokera kunyumba kuchokera ku malo achilendo. Onani ming'alu mukamayeretsa.

Phulashi loyera bwino

Gawo 2 Chotsani dothi kuchokera m'mabatani pansi, mutatsuka mahatchi - izi zitha kuchitika ndi mbedza. Osagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zakuthwa, chifukwa izi zitha kuwononga chisanu.

Pali zinthu zina zomwe zimaphatikizapo kubowo ndi kuluka

Gawo 3 Sambani mapazi a akavalo anu ndi kuwapukuta. Iyi ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri yomwe imathandiza kupewa kutupa. Makamaka chidwi ndi ziboda - miyendo yokha imatha kutsukidwa nyengo yofunda, apo ayi ponyayo imadwala.

Hooves amayenera kutsukidwa nthawi iliyonse mukamayenda

Zojambula Pony

Mbali yayikulu ya pony ndi kutalika kwake. Masabusikowa amaphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana yambiri yomwe idawonongeka kuzilumba za Britain, Iceland, Corsica, Sicily, zilumba za Gotland ndi Hokkaido. Kutalika kwa moyo wa pony ndikutalika kuposa mahatchi wamba: nthawi zambiri amakhala zaka 50-54.

Zofunika! M'dziko lililonse, kukula kwa izi m'mabuku asayansi kumatsimikiziridwa mosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, m'mafayilo amtundu wa Russia mahatchi amaonedwa kuti ndi mahatchi amtundu wa 100-110 cm, pomwe ku England maonedwe amatha kupitirira masentimita 147 kufota, ndipo International Equestrian Federation ikuyika mahatchi amtunduwu ngati ma sentimita 150.

Zizindikiro zina zakunja kwa pony ndiz: khosi lalikulupo, miyendo yolimba, komanso minofu yolimba ya thupi. Mahatchi oterewa ndi opirira modabwitsa ndipo m'mbuyomu adagwiritsidwa ntchito pantchito yayikulu, kuphatikizapo kunyamula katundu mumigodi ya malasha ndi migodi.

Kukwera pamahatchi

Kusamba poni nthawi zambiri sikofunikira, koma nthawi zina zimakhala zosatheka popanda izo. Nthawi zambiri, dothi lochokera pamahatchi limachotsedwa ndi maburashi, kuyeretsa tsitsi, koma ngati nyamayo yasesedwa kwambiri kapena nyengo ikatentha kunja, mutha kuthana ndi mahatchiwo posamba kapena ndikasamba - mutatsuka, tsitsi la akavalo limayamba kuwala.

Kuphatikiza apo, simungawope chinyezi, chifukwa madzi samavulaza pony, koma, m'malo mwake, angakusangalatseni. Ngati ndi kotheka, mutha kutenga kavalo kupita kunyanja kapena kumtsinje ndikasamba kumeneko, kapena kumangothira madzi ofunda mumsewu.

Mitengo yama shampoos yamahatchi

Pony samakonda kusambira

Kusamba pony, muyenera kugula shampoo yapadera, masiponji ndi zikwangwani. Chiphuphu chokhala ndi soapy, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti sopoyo siigwera m'maso ndi m'makutu mwake. Pafupifupi, sikuloledwa kutsuka mutu wa kavalo ndi shampoo - mutha kumuphwanya ndi madzi ofunda.

Gwiritsani ntchito shampooyo osati mayendedwe achisokonezo, koma mwa kukula kwa tsitsi. Kenako muyenera kupukuta chovalacho pamodzi ndi ubweya, potenga thovu, kupukuta ndi chinkhupule ndikutsuka shampooyo ndi madzi. Kusamba kwina koyenera kumayenera mane ndi mchira. Mukatha kusamba, muyenera kutunga madzi ndimtundu womwewo, kenako ndikupukuta nyamayo ndi ma shiti kapena thaulo.

Akavalo

Pony yamahatchi - mtundu wapadera kwambiri wa kavalo wamakalasi a ana owonetsera. Mitunduyi idapezedwa ku UK podutsa pamtunda wa Wales ndi Dartmouth ndi oyimira bwino akavalo aku Arabia. Mahatchi othamanga ndiwodziwika pakumanga kwawo kolimba komanso mafupa olimba, koma nthawi yomweyo amakumbukira mahatchi okwera osanja okhazikika mumayendedwe awo komanso chisomo.

Mtundu wamahatchi umagawika m'magulu atatu, kutalika kwake: masentimita 127, kuchoka pa 127 mpaka 137 masentimita kuchokera pa 137 mpaka 142 cm. Nthawi zambiri imakhala yokhazikika, koma zoyera ndizovomerezeka.

Chakudya cha pony

Kutchire, mahatchi amangodya udzu ndi msipu, motero samasankha kunyumba. Koma mtundu wazogulitsa ndizofunikira kwambiri.

Ma Poni amatha kudyetsa tsiku lonse.

Zotsatirazi ziyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi zakudya zamahatchi:

1. Udzu. Amakhala maziko a zakudya zopatsa mphamvu. Mutha kuwonjezera pa clover, nettle ndi mbewu zina zamunda.
2. Ha. Amatha kudyetsa kavalo m'nyengo yozizira.
3. Zakudya zozikika. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito, koma osati zochuluka! Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwonetsetsa kuti kavalo samadya mafuta ambiri mu chakudya chimodzi, chifukwa pakhoza kukhala zovuta ndi chimbudzi.
4. Masamba, mbewu za muzu. Izi zimayenera kukhala ndi malo ochepa pachakudya. Pokhapokha pomwe kavalo amatha kuthokoza ndi apulo kapena dzungu.
5. Madzi. Pali gawo laling'ono pano - mosiyana ndi nyama zina, ma toni amamwa madzi oyera oyera kuchokera kumadzi oyera, ndiye kuti muyenera kusintha madzi ndikusamba zida zanu pafupipafupi. Ma poni amayenera kukhala ndi mwayi wopeza madzi.

M'nyengo yotentha, mahatchi sangathe kudyetsedwa mopitilira ngati ziweto zili pabusa masiku ambiri

Malamulo Othandizira Pony

Mitengo ya felucene mineral lick ndi magnesium ndi chitsulo cha akavalo

Mahatchi ang'onoang'ono amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ochulukirapo, ndipo izi sizikugwira ntchito kokha kutalika kwawo. Amakhala okongola komanso okoma, amakhala abwenzi abwino a ana ndi akulu. Ma Poni amatha kuleredwa pafamuyo kuti onse azisangalala ndi kuyenda ndi ana, komanso kuti azigwira ntchito yeniyeni. Ngakhale ndizing'onozing'ono, mahatchi, monga mahatchi, amatha kuthandiza nawo kunyamula katundu wolemera komanso okwera angapo.

Ma poni ndimtundu wautali, komanso wokongola kwambiri, motero aliyense amatha kuzisunga. Chachikulu ndichakuti mukhale ndi udindo kuti mupatse nyama yanu malo abwino.

Falabella

Mtundu wa akavalo ang'onoang'ono omwe adayambitsidwa ku Argentina. Akawoloka ndi mitundu ikuluikulu, mbewu imakhalabe yamphamvu mwa mbewu. Mitundu ikhoza kukhala ya suti iliyonse, kutalika kwake kufota kumakhala masentimita 50-75. Unyinji wa kavalo wotere sufika 60 kg. Pony Falabella - nyama yokongoletsa yomwe imasewera ndi ana mwachidwi, ali ndi mawonekedwe abwino komanso odekha.

Kuswana kwamahatchi ang'onoang'ono Falabella

Chipinto

Akavalo achi Pinto ndi ovuta kutengera mtundu wina. Amadziwika ndi gulu la America la akavalo ndi kuphatikiza nthumwi za mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Palibe mawonekedwe kunja ndi kapangidwe ka akavalo a pinto. Mtundu wodziwika bwinowu umaphatikizapo mahatchi amitundu yoyera, ndi mitundu ya ku Arabia, ndi mahatchi oyenda, ndi masewera otchuka ku USA. Magulu 2 a pony amadziwika mu mtundu wa Pinto: kuchokera pa 86-142 masentimita mpaka 86 masentimita kufota.

Hatchi yaying'ono kwambiri padziko lapansi

Hatchi yaying'ono kwambiri padziko lapansi ndi woimira mtundu wa Pinto wotchedwa Einstein. Pobadwa, kulemera kwa nyamayo inali makilogalamu 2.7 okha, kutalika - masentimita 36. Tsopano kulemera kwahatchi yaying'ono kuli kale ma kilogalamu 28. Komabe, Einstein sindiye amene amalimbana nawo pa mpikisano. Omwe akupikisana nawo ndi kavalo wa Tumbelin, yemwe adabadwa mu 2001 ali ndi kulemera kwama kilogalamu 4 (tsopano kulemera kwake ndi kilogalamu 26) ndi pony waung'ono Bella, wobadwa ndi kulemera makilogalamu 4 ndi kutalika kwa 38 cm, mu Center yapadera yoberekera akavalo ang'ono.

Kusamalira Mahatchi ndi Kudya

M'nyengo yotentha, nyama zimatha kudya msipu. Amadyanso zakudya zophatikiza, udzu, udzu, masamba. Pakudyetsa nyama m'makola, odyetsa ana azikhala ndi zida. Chakudya cha pony chimafotokozedwa kawiri pa tsiku, ndikugawa gawo la tsiku m'magawo awiri ofanana. Madzi mumbale akumwa, ngati samaperekeka zokha, amasinthidwa katatu patsiku.

Zojambula Pony ndi Habitat

Poni ndi mtundu wa kavalo wapakhomo, wodziwika ndi kukula kochepa kuyambira 80 mpaka 140 cm.

Kutanthauziridwa kuchokera ku Chingerezi, dzina la nyamayo limatanthawuza: "kavalo pang'ono." Maponi amakhala ndi mphamvu, khosi lamphamvu komanso miyendo yochepa. Ku Russia, ndichizolowezi kunena kuti mtundu wina uliwonse wolimilira womwe umakhala ndi masentimita 100-110, ku Germany mtengo wawo ndi wokwera pang'ono mpaka 120 cm.

Ngati atayezedwa ndi miyezo ya Chingerezi, ndiye kuti theka la mitundu yamahatchi imatha kutchulidwa ngati mahatchi. Ku Russia, mtundu wa Shetland, Falabella, America, Scottish ndi Wales ndiwofala kwambiri. M'dziko lapansi muli mitundu pafupifupi khumi ndi iwiri mahatchi okhala ndi mahatchi.

Pakati pawo pali ovekedwa akavalo ndi omangira owala. Zosangalatsa kwambiri mahatchi ochepera. Mwachitsanzo, Shetland, yomwe amapezeka anthu amtali pafupifupi 65. Zimasanjidwa kuzilumba za Atlantic Ocean. Ngakhale ndi kukula kwake pang'ono, oimira ake ali ndi thupi lonse, lalikulu kwambiri ndipo amatha kunyamula katundu wolemera.

Izi mahatchi ang'ono abulu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakukwera ana. Zizindikiro zakunja zimaphatikizaponso: mauna onyentchera ndi michira, tsitsi lakuda. Nthawi zambiri, amakhala ndi utoto wa piebald wokhala ndi mawanga owoneka bwino kumbuyo konse.

Zaka zana ndi theka zapitazo, mlimi waku Argentina wa Falabella adayamba kuswana mtundu wapadera wa akavalo, dzina lake atam'patsa dzina. Zofanana kavalo ndiochepera kuposa pony. Mtundu wamba umakhala ndi kutalika kufota kwa masentimita 86, koma nthawi zambiri pamakhala anthu odabwitsa omwe kutalika kwake ndi 38-45 cm wolemera 20-65 kg.

Kupadera kwawo ndikuti m'badwo uliwonse umakhala wocheperako. Choyambitsidwa ndi kusankha, kavalidwe kabwino kahatchi ya mini-appaloosa ndiyotchuka ku America, Holland, Germany ndi Russia. Popeza mahatchi okhala ndi mahatchi ndi nyama zapakhomo, zomwe zimagawidwa padziko lonse lapansi kumene munthu amakhala.

Makhalidwe a Pony

Mahatchi amtundu wa solutre, kavalo yemwe ndi makolo akale amakono amakono, anapezedwa ku France. Pali mitundu yomwe mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mahatchi amachokera ku mahatchi akale.

About mahatchi okhala ndi ma poni Tikukhulupiliranso kuti adawonekera mu nyengo yoipa ya kumpoto kwa Scandinavia pamiyala, pamiyala yosauka yazomera komanso kuzilumba zopezeka ndi mphepo yozizira yam'nyanja ya Atlantic.

M'malo ovuta motere, mtundu wosasinthika wa nyama zazing'ono, zopirira komanso zolimba zokhala ndi ubweya wa shaggy zinapangidwa. Kupitilira apo, mahatchi anafalikira m'magawo apafupi.

Amakhulupirira kuti kavalo yaying'ono yoyenera kwambiri zosangalatsa za ana. Nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa m'mapaki ndi malo osungira nyama, m'masukulu a equestrian ndi renti. Komabe, nyama zoweta izi kuyambira nthawi zakale zimasungidwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yambiri ya ntchito komanso kunyamula katundu wolemera.

Nyama zodwala izi zinkakhala m'malo ovuta mumigodi, popanda dzuwa, kupumira fumbi lamoto ndi sokosi. About mahatchi okhala ndi ma poni nenani nkhani zodabwitsa.

Amatenga nawo mbali pamasewera, kupikisana nawo kuthamanga pamahatchi, kudumphadumpha ndi kuthana ndi zopinga, kulandira mphoto zofunikira komanso mphotho. Mlandu udalembedwa pomwe pony wazaka 37 wotchedwa Skampy adapambana mpikisano wapamwamba ku Aintree equestrian Center ku England.

Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali

Kubala maonedwe kumawonedwa ndi munthu ngati gawo la kusankha. Kusankhidwa kwa maoni akukhwima kumaganizira magawo ena ofunikira kuti mupeze mtundu womwe mukufuna. Akazi a mkazi amakhala masiku angapo, pomwe amakhala okonzeka kukwatana ndi wamwamuna. Amakhala kuti amakopeka ndi kununkhira kwakomwe kwaakazi.

Nthawi zambiri amuna amayesetsa kusamalira wokondedwa wawo, ndikuyamba masewera opatsirana, omwe amawoneka poyeserera kuti akope chidwi, kutsekemera modekha kwameno ndi mapewa, komanso kufinya. Kugonana kumatenga pafupifupi 15-30 masekondi.

Mimba ya pony imatha pafupifupi miyezi 11. Kutalika kwazomwe zimatengera kutulutsa. Nthawi kuyambira nthawi yomwe mayi atakhala ndi pakati mpaka pakubadwa kwa mwana zimavuta kudziwa, chifukwa chake imawerengeredwa kuyambira tsiku lomaliza kulumikizana ndi wamwamuna. Ndikwabwino ngati veterinarian wabereka pofuna kupewa zovuta.

Monga lamulo, wamkazi amabereka mwana wamwamuna mmodzi kapena awiri nthawi imodzi. Amangofika mdziko lapansi, ndipo patapita mphindi zochepa ayimirira kale ndikuyesera kuyenda. Ma Poni amakhala nthawi yayitali kuposa anzawo amtali ndipo amatha kufikira zaka 4-4.5. Zonse zimatengera momwe amasungidwira komanso mtundu wa chisamaliro.

Posachedwa, chifukwa cha bwino kwa mankhwala azowona ngati nyama ndi malingaliro osamala a eni ake, kutalika kwa moyo mahatchi okhala ndi mahatchi anayamba kuchuluka kwambiri. Makina okhazikika a moyo wautali. Mwachitsanzo, poni wa munthu wina wolima ku France adakwanitsa zaka 55.

Kalasi ya Pony

Gulu la ma Pony - dzina la gulu la akavalo okwera, palimodzi ngati mahatchi okwera. Gulu la ma polo-pony limaphatikizapo mahatchi osaka wamagazi, okonzedwa ndi mahatchi ama Arabia kapena oyera osasunthika, okhala ndi kutalika kufalikira kwa masentimita 147 ndi kupitilira, mitundu yonse ya ma suti, olimba komanso olimba, oyenera kusewera polo wa mahatchi ndi masewera posonyeza kudumpha, triathlon, vulting. Kusiyanitsa pakati pa ma Anglo-Ireland, Amereka, Chitchaina ndi ma polo ena.

Great Britain maoni

Mahatchi othamangira ku UK ndi chipangizo chophatikiza cha mahatchi ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi ma polo-pony stallions kapena ana ochokera ku maWelsh kapena ma Dartmoor mares ndi ma boti apakati oyenda okha. Kutalika kwa kufota kwa mahatchi okwera mpaka 145-77 masentimita, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamasewera aana, komanso mphete zowonetsera.

Amawoneka bwanji

Kunja kwa pony kunapangidwa chifukwa cha nyengo yovuta ya kumpoto kwa nyanja zam'mphepete mwa nyanja yozama komanso yozizira kochokera ku Nyanja ya Atlantic, komanso chifukwa chamadera osowa a zisumbu zamiyala.

Poni ndi mahatchi amphongo okhala ndi miyendo yayifupi ndi chifuwa cholimba; Mphezi yayitali yophimba khosi, zopindika zimagwera pamphumi. Kukula kochepa kunapangitsa kuti akavalo akhale okhuta ndi udzu pamapiri osawoneka bwino a masamba, ndi miyendo yolimba iwo amatulutsa mbewu zochokera mu dothi lozizira. Chovala chofunda komanso chofunda chimapulumutsidwa ku mphepo zamphamvu komanso kuzizira nyengo yozizira.

Kwawo kwa maonedwe amawonedwa kuti ndi kumpoto kwa Scandinavia ndi zilumba za West Europe.

Nthawi zambiri chimafanana ndi mahatchi aponyera omwe kutalika kwawo sikupita masentimita 140, koma m'maiko osiyanasiyana mulingo womwewo siofanana:

• Ku Germany, maoni samawona mahatchi ang'onoang'ono osapitirira 120 cm,
• ku Russia, kukula kwakukulu ndi 110 cm,
• ku England, amaphatikiza mahatchi omwe amakula mpaka 147 cm.

Kuchuluka kwa ma poni kumadalira kukula: kuchuluka kwa anthu ena sikoposa 100 kg, nyama zokulirapo ndikufika 200 kg. Pali akavalo ang'onoang'ono omwe kulemera kwawo kumafika mpaka 14 kg.

Maonekedwe amakono amakono akuwoneka pachithunzichi.

Kulemera kwa munthu kumasiyana mtundu ndi kutalika kwa nyama. Pafupifupi, mahatchi amalemera pakati pa 100 ndi 200 kg.

Khalidwe

Mahatchi ndi mbadwa zamtundu wakuthengo wa kavalo wakale. Mahatchi okongola awa adapangidwa nyengo yovuta ya kumpoto kwa Scandinavia pamiyala yamiyala, yopanda zomera komanso zisumbu za chakudya zomwe zimabowola ndi mphepo yozizira ya Atlantic. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mitundu iyi ya mahatchi okhala ndi tsitsi la shaggy ndi osazindikira, ang'ono, opirira komanso olimba. Popita nthawi, maonedwe adafalikira m'madera ambiri.

Khalidwe la Pony

Kuswana

Kuswana pony sikusiyana ndi mahatchi wamba. Nyama zimayamba kukhwima pakapita chaka chimodzi, chifukwa chake, m'badwo uno zikafika, zoweta ndi ma boti amalekanitsidwa kotero kuti mating osalamulirika asachitike.

Mlandu umachitika ngati kavalo wachichepere atembenukira zaka 3. Ntchito yoweta moyenera ndiyofunikanso pano, maanja amasankhidwa poganizira magawo awo akunja, zolinga zomwe mwini akufuna kukwaniritsa, maubwenzi am'banja. Wofesayo amasankha njira yokhotakhota malinga ndi momwe amamangidwira. Ngati ana abwinobwino a ma 6 6 atapangidwa, makola amodzi amatha kuloledwa kupita kwa iwo, ndiye kuti matani amapezeka mwanjira yachilengedwe. Amuna amasirira kutentha kununkhira ndikuyamba kusamalira mare: kuwombera, kudina mano ake pamapewa ndi mbali. Ndi mawonekedwe osiyana, olemerawo amatsogolera kukhola, njirayo imayendetsedwa ndi eni ake.

Mahatchi okhathamira amawongoleredwa ndi obereketsa.

Pafupifupi, mimba ya pony imatha miyezi 11; kutalika kwake kumatengera mtundu. Mwachitsanzo, falabella nthawi zonse amatha nthawi yoposa chaka.

Madeti operekera ndi zovuta kudziwa, kotero kuwerengera ndikuchokera tsiku lachifundo. Ndikofunika kuti musasemphane ndi kuyamba kwa ntchito ndikuwapempha veterinarian kuti apewe zovuta.

Kaulu imabereka mwana wamwamuna, koma zimachitika kuti pakubwera ana awiri. Pakupita mphindi zochepa, anyani anyaniwa amafika pamapazi awo ndipo pena paliponse amatsatira mare.

Ma Poni amabadwa amatha kusuntha komanso zakudya. Patangopita maola ochepa, chithocho chimatsatira mayi.

Mtengo

Mahatchi achidule akukhala otchuka kwambiri, eni nyumba zambiri ali ndi cholinga chodzipangira mahatchi. Mahatchi a Pony ndi okongola komanso oseketsa, adzakhala abwenzi abwino kwa onse a pabanja. Ndizovuta kunena motsimikiza kuti chiweto chimafuna ndalama zingati. Mtengo umatengera mtundu, jenda, suti, mawonekedwe akunja, muyeso wa makolo. Mtengo wotsika kwambiri ndi ma ruble 60,000.

Ku Russia, mitundu ingapo ndiyotchuka, iliyonse ili ndi mtengo wake.

• Mtengo wapakati wa pony yaku America ndi pafupifupi ma ruble 60,000.
• Shetland foal ikhoza kugulidwa kwa anthu 50,000, ndipo kavalo wamkulu ndi ma ruble 70,000.
• A Wales wachinyamata adzagula 100,000, wachikulire kuchokera kuma ruble 120,000.
• Mtundu wocheperako kwambiri wamtundu wotchedwa falabella, chifukwa kavalo muyenera kulipira kuchokera ku rubles 250,000. Zopusa, motere, ndizotsika mtengo, kuchokera ku 80,000.

Musaiwale kuti kusunga chiweto kumafuna ndalama zambiri. Choyamba, kuti kavalo muyenera kupanga malo abwino, kukonza chipinda, kukonza zida, ndi kugula chakudya. Kusamalidwa kofunikira kwa vet.

Mtengo wa thumba la pony kutengera kutengera ndi kubereka.

Pogula, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kavalo wathanzi sangatenge ndalama zochepa kuposa masiku onse, chifukwa chake mtengo wotsika uyenera kukuchenjezani. Ndizotheka kuti ali ndi pathologies obisala, omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe oyipa kapena mafupa ofewa kwambiri. Ndikwabwino kugula ma penti kuchokera kwa obereketsa otchuka omwe adzipanga okha mwa okonda zoweta zazing'ono. Ichi ndi chitsimikizo kuti mawonekedwe omwe adanenedwa ndiowona.

Kodi akavalo ang'ono amakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji? Pony imakhala ndi moyo pafupifupi zaka 45, koma ndi chisamaliro chabwino, chiweto chimakhala ndi moyo nthawi yayitali.

WachiWelsh

Mitundu yachifumu ya Wales imapangidwa kumpoto kwa zigwa ndi mapiri a Wales ngakhale asanafike Aroma. Mahatchi ang'onoang'ono adagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati magetsi ogwidwa, kunyamula malasha ndi peat, mitengo yosemedwa. Koma pobwera kwa alendo, magazi achiArabu amathamangira kwa iwo, zomwe zimapangitsa maonekedwe amakono. Zotsatira zake ndi mtundu wokongola wokhala ndi mutu wawukulu koma wokongola, miyendo yolimba kumbuyo ndi miyendo, makutu ang'ono ndi owoneka bwino. Mtundu ndi monophonic, pali anthu ofiira, Bay, imvi mulled ndi bulauni.

Kukula kwa Wales sikuchepera malire okhawo; amagawidwa mitundu.

• Lembani A. Izi zikuphatikiza oimira ang'ono kwambiri mpaka 122 cm.
• Lembani B. Mahatchi ndi okulirapo (137 cm), ali ndi thupi lolimba, amatchedwa "Merlin".
• Lembani C ndi D (Cobes). Makhalidwe othamanga a mahatchi adawoneka bwino podutsa ndi mitundu ikuluikulu, kukula kwamahatchi otere kupitilira 137 cm, m'gulu D kumafika masentimita 147. Amakwera osati akavalo okha, amawoneka bwino oyesa. Chitani nawo mbali pamipikisano yamasewera ndi kuyendetsa, onetsetsani kulumpha.

Pony waku Wales amatha kutenga nawo mpikisano wamasewera, amatha kudumpha.

Mwachilengedwe, poni wa ku Wales ndi wodekha komanso wosinthika, amatha kudaliridwa ndi ana. Mahatchi ndi okongola komanso mwaluso, chifukwa ndi omwe ali ndi gawo lofunikira pamipikisano ndi ziwonetsero.

Kwambiri

Malo omwe adakhalapo amtunduwu ndi Scotland komanso zilumba zoyandikana, chifukwa chake, akavalo amatchedwanso Scottish. Pakadali pano, mtunduwu ndi womwe udayambitsidwa ndi mahatchi achi Arab, Spain ndi Kledesdal, magazi a Perchersons adawonjezedwa. Mahatchi akhala ogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri komanso amphamvu, amaonedwa kuti ndi achikazi kwambiri, olimba komanso amphamvu kwambiri pa mitundu yonse ya ma pony. Pali mitundu yonse yotsika (masentimita 107) komanso zinyama zazitali kwambiri mpaka 142 cm.M'ma Middle Ages adagwiritsidwa ntchito yolimbikira, tsopano akavalo amayenda ndi alendo paulendo m'mapiri. Pony waku Scottish amatenga nawo mbali m'mayendedwe, kuwombera pamodzi, komanso kusaka. Mtundu umaphatikizapo mitundu yonse ya utoto wamchenga, nthawi zambiri simumatha kuwona akavalo amtundu wakuda ndi wa bulauni.

Mahatchi a hayland kapena aku Scottish amadziwika kuti ndi amtundu wolimba kwambiri.

Awa ndi mahatchi otsika mpaka masentimita 147, opangidwira kukwera kuti achite nawo masewera olimbitsa thupi polo. Gawo la mtundu ndi malingaliro, mphamvu, kuthamanga. Uku si mtundu wosiyana, koma mitundu ya mahatchi akuluakulu, omwe amabadwa ku China, America, England, Iceland ndi maiko ena. Kuyambira ndi zaka zitatu, amaphunzitsidwa mwachangu kuti athe kuthamanga mwachangu pa mpikisano, kuthina ndikuyimilira pempho la wokwerayo, kuti asachite mantha panthawi yovuta yomwe idabuka pamunda. Ndi zaka, kavalo amayamba kuchita nawo masewerawo, kuthandiza wokwera kuti apambane mpikisano. Mtengo wa pony yokonzekera ndi madola 10,000 - 50.

Ziphuphu za polo zimaberekera ku China, USA, England. Uku ndi kuwerengera kwa mahatchi akuluakulu otchuka omwe amaphunzitsidwa kusewera masewerawa.

Mahatchi owala

Mtundu wodziwika bwino komanso wosowa kwambiri wa mahatchi ocheperako ndi Falabella. Kukula mwachizolowezi kwa nthumwi yautali ndi masentimita 86, komanso kumakhalanso kocheperako: m'chigawo cha masentimita 40. Kulemera kumachokera ku 20, pazofika mpaka 65 kg. Nyamazi ndizofanana, zimakhala ndi miyendo yopyapyala komanso yayitali, mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi kavalo kakang'ono ka Arabia.

Choyambirira cha kavalo kakang'ono koma weniweni ndi magazi a Spanish Creollo, ma Shetland mahatchi, komanso mahatchi amitundu yaku England. Chifukwa chake, mitunduyi ndi yofiyira, Bay, piebald, yakuda, yophunzitsira mosiyanasiyana. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pagulu kunyamula ana aang'ono, koma nthawi zambiri amawasungitsa kuti angokongola. Akavalo ndi anzeru kwambiri komanso amakhalidwe abwino, amakonda kukwera mabwalo oyenda ndi kuthana ndi zopinga.

Woimira wowoneka bwino wa akavalo amtchire ndi Falabella.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti a Falabella ali ndi nthiti ziwiri zochepa kuposa akavalo ena. Ndipo ndikalowetsa khola wamba, mtundu wamtundu wotchuka umapambana, ndipo mbalame yaing'ono imabadwa.

Chidule

Lero ma shetland mahatchi adadziwika padziko lonse lapansi ngati akavalo okwera ndi mahatchi. Ma Shetland maponi anawonekera ku Russia kalekale. Kwenikweni, awa anali anthu osiyanasiyana omwe adatumizidwa kunja kuchokera kumayiko ena kukagwirira ntchito ndi malo osungira nyama. Ma Poni adziwonetsa okha kuti ndi opepuka pophunzitsa komanso nyama zosalemekeza. Pang'onopang'ono, adayamba kupezeka m'mabanja olemera kuti asangalatse ana. Ma Shetland maoni pakadali pano akuberekera ku Prilepsky, Chuvash ndi minda yambiri yambiri.

Ku Shetland Pony Kufunika kukula chaka chilichonse. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumakina a circus, kukwera ana aang'ono m'mapaki, ngati mahatchi oyang'anira mu malo osungira nyama. Malo apadera amaperekedwa kwa maoni m'masewera. Ubwino wa masewerawa ndikuti ngakhale mwana wazaka 4 amatha kuzichita! Chiwerengero cha magulu a ma pony ndi ma pony akuchulukirachulukira, ndipo chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe akufuna kuchita kumeneko kukuwonjezereka. Ndipo ndizosangalatsa bwanji kutsatira mpikisano. Maphunziro m'magawo a pony ndi athanzi komanso otchuka kwambiri. Mutha kuweta ma toni, kuwagulitsa kapena kuwabwereka, zomwe zimabweretsa ndalama zambiri.

Pony Mabwana :
Pali mitundu yambiri yaimayi: Exmoor, Dartmoor, American, Highland, Dalee, komanso ma ponzoni aku Ireland akuCememara komanso ma fjord olimba kwambiri ku Norway. Ku Russia lero, ma toni otchuka kwambiri a Shetland, adatchedwa gulu la zilumba za Shetland zomwe zili kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Scotland. Zithunzi za mtundu uwu zimakwera pamagalimoto ndi ana pafupi ndi zoo.
Nthawi zambiri, kusankha pony, tcherani chidwi ndi utoto, malaya ndi zokopa za muzzle. Ma Shetland amabwera amitundu yosiyanasiyana, koma ma piebald ndiofala kwambiri: mawanga oyera "amafalikira" kumbali yayikulu yakuda, imvi, bulauni, yofiira. Nthawi zambiri khwangwala amapeza suti yakuda, Bay kapena yoyera. Ngakhale anali wamtali (100-150 cm kufota), pony shetland ndi kavalo wokhala ndi bowo, yemwe amakonda kuwonetsa kuyima pawokha.
Mtundu wachilendo kwambiri ndi mahatchi aku Scotland. Mahatchi ang'onoang'onowa tsopano amatha kupezeka pafupifupi mayiko onse apadziko lapansi, chaka chilichonse akupitanso patsogolo. Maseketi ndi malo osungirako nyama amatenga.

Famu ya Pony :
Famu ya ma pony iyenera kukonzedwa molingana ndi zofunikira pamoyo wa pony. Ma Poni ndi odzichiritsa. Mares amatha kusungidwa m'timagulu tating'onoting'ono tokhala mumabokosi amodzi, atakhala chaka chimodzi - pokhapokha.
Famu ya ma poni Zingwe za mahatchi ndi mahatchi sizisiyana pazofunikira pakumanga kwawo. Chinthu chachikulu - mpweya woyera komanso kusapezeka kwathunthu kwaukazale ndi kusowa - awa ndi adani awiri akuluakulu a akavalo. Kuchepa kumayambitsa matenda amtundu wa pakhungu komanso matenda opindika (ngati pansi ndiodetsedwa, konyowa), kumakonzekeretsa matenda onse opumira komanso a catarrhal, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zotsatira zakupha kapena kusintha kwa nthenda yamatenda. Kukula kwa makola kumadalira momwe nyamazo zimakonzedwera.
Pony imatha kukhala pafupifupi chaka chonse pamsewu, ngati pokhapokha patakhala nyengo, ndipo nyengo yozizira kwambiri ndi malo omwe mungabisike. Chilimwe
mawonekedwe a chiberekero amatha kuchitika mu levades, koma nyengo yozizira komanso yoyipa ndikwabwino kuwasungabe kunyumba (amawoneka bwino, osati shaggy). Ma stallions akuyenera kuthamanga mosiyana ndi mares a levada (makamaka m'modzi).

Zoyambitsa anagwiritsa ntchito zofanana ndi kusamalira mahatchi, mahatchi omwe amagulitsidwa m'misika yonse yamayiko. Pokhala ndi zokondedwa, ndizopindulitsa kwambiri kudzipanga tokha, koma chifukwa cha izi mumafunikira wachisoni wazambiri.

Dyetsani chimodzimodzi ndi akavalo. Mkhalidwe waukulu ndi mkhalidwe. Mutha kulima nokha nokha. Chakudyacho chimasankhidwa kutengera zomwe zili ndi kavalo. Nthawi imodzi pamahatchi amodzi mumafuna kilogalamu imodzi ndi theka ya oats, yomwe ili ndi udzu kapena udzu. Kaloti a pony, mkate "wakuda" umakonda kwambiri. Chapakatikati ndi chilimwe, m'malo mwa udzu, ndikofunikira kupita kukadyetsa dambo loyera. Ponies akufulumira, pazaka zitatu maula amatha kuphimbidwa (pambuyo pake).

Chidziwitso :
Pali kufunikira kwa mahatchi. Masuti okhala ndi mitundu yambiri amakhala “ogwidwa” bwino. Skating si ndalama yayikulu. Kubwereketsa pony imodzi imodzi, mwachitsanzo, panthawi ya tchuthi, koma ndibwino kubwereka kwa eni eni, omwe akuyenera kufunsana ndikuwongolera kwa nthawi yoyamba. Kenako opanga nyumba enieni amatha kukhala ndi lingaliro logula kavalo. Monga lamulo, kulipira ma ruble pafupifupi 15,000 pamwezi pa renti, koma mitengoyo ndiyosiyana kulikonse.
Mwakutero, mutha kupanga bungwe la ana pony kusukulu ya masewera, koma izi zimachitika chifukwa cholandila zilolezo zina.
Mitengo yamasewera ndi pafupifupi awa: ana akukwera pony mu chisankho - kuchokera ma ruble 700 pa ola limodzi, akukwera m'bwaloli - 400-1000 rubles paola, akuyenda kunkhalangoko - 600-1400 rubles pa ola limodzi, kulembetsa (maphunziro 8 ndi ine) - 1600-3200 rubles. Mtengo wogulira - kuchokera 350 $. Kuchuluka kwake kudzadalira zosowa ndi kuthekera kwathu. Ma famu ambiri opanga ma Stud amaphatikizanso zoweta, kuti mutha kupeza chithaphwi pafamu yama Stud osati komwe mumakhala.

Ponies ndi dzina wamba la akavalo amfupi. Tanthauzo lakukula kwakukulu kwa mahatchi m'maiko osiyanasiyana ndizosiyana. Chifukwa chake, ku Russia, ma toni amaphatikiza mahatchi okhala ndi kutalika kufota kwa masentimita 100-110. Nthawi yomweyo, ku Germany maoni amatchedwa mahatchi mpaka 130 cm, ndipo ku England - mpaka 147.3 cm. kusiyana kwa mitundu ina, yayitali kwambiri yamahatchi.

Tsopano amakhulupirira kuti mahatchi ndi mahatchi osangalatsa ndi kukwera ana. Pakadali pano, zoweta izi zidadulidwa kuti zitha kugwira ntchito inayake. Mwachitsanzo, Shetland pony, yomwe imakonda kwambiri mitundu ina yaing'ono yakale padziko lapansi, imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'migodi ndi m'migodi ya malasha. Akavalo awa amatha kunyamula katundu wolemera nthawi makumi awiri kulemera kwawo.

Chifukwa cha chiyambi chake, mahatchi amasinthika bwino pamikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana. Malo abwino osungira pony ndi malo owonekera. Mu nyengo yotsika kapena yowuma kwambiri pomwe mungathe kusamutsa pony kukhazikika.

Ponyayo ilibe zofunikira zapadera kukhola. Chachikulu ndikusowa kwa zolemba. Chakudya cha pony (udzu ndi udzu) nthawi zambiri chimadyetsedwa pansi. Pokhapokha pokhapokha pali bwino kupangira nazale kuti ponyalo lisaponderetse chakudya.

Pofika nthawi yozizira, pony imakonda kukhala ndi undercoat yomwe imathandizira kuti isamafewe. Pakutha kwa dzinja, pony imayamba kugunda, ndipo panthawiyi muyenera kuphatikiza nyama nthawi zonse. Pony nthawi zambiri safuna kutsukidwa nthawi zonse, ngati mitundu ina ya akavalo.

Pony kudyetsa

Maziko a pony zakudya ndi udzu ndi udzu. Pony imagwiritsa ntchito moyenera kusamalidwa mosamala, kusamala kuti isamadye kwambiri. Pali zochitika zina zokhudzana ndi chifuwa chachikulu chambiri, chomwe chimafotokozedwa ngati kuyabwa ndi chikanga. Kuphatikiza pa oats, muyenera kuchepetsa kudya kaloti - osaposa kaloti 1-2 patsiku.

Nthawi zambiri msipu umaperekedwa kawiri patsiku - theka m'mawa kupita paddock, ndipo theka usiku usiku. Pazocheperako, mutha kuwonjezera mbatata, kabichi ndi beets.

Muyenera kumwa pony m'chilimwe katatu patsiku, ndipo nthawi yozizira - kawiri. Ponies nthawi zambiri amathiridwa madzi asanapatsidwe chakudya chochuluka. M'nyengo yozizira, ma toni amakonda kudya chipale chofewa, koma amayenera kuyigwiritsa ntchito mosamala ngati pony ikusungidwa mumzinda, chifukwa chipale chofewa chimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zoyipa.

Ma poni ndi mtundu wokhala ndi mahatchi omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusangalatsa ana ang'ono kuposa mitundu ya ntchito yomwe mahatchi eni ake amenyedwako. Masiku ano, mahatchi amaphatikiza mahatchi onse omwe kutalika kwake sikupita masentimita 100-140 pakufota. Poyamba, mahatchi ang'onoang'ono adapangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito m'migodi yamapiri, komwe amatha kukoka katundu yemwe anali makumi angapo nthawi zambiri kulemera kwawo. Kunja, chifaniziro chimafanana ndi kavalo wamba, kupatula chimodzi, kawirikawiri mahatchiwo amaphimbidwa ndi ubweya ndi tsitsi lakuda, amakhala ndi mchira wautali wokongola ndi mchira wowoneka bwino.

Ma Poni amakhala osasamala posamalira, komabe amafunika chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro, komabe, ngati kavalo aliyense. Mahatchi ang'onoang'ono samatha kuzizira kwambiri ndi kutentha ndipo kwenikweni safunikira khola kapena khola. Malo abwino kusunga pony ndi paddock, pomwe nyama nthawi zambiri zimakhala nthawi yambiri pachaka.

M'malo ozizira kwambiri, chipale chofeŵa kapena maonedwe amvula amayenera kusunthidwa pansi pa denga, kapena kuyendetsedwa m'khola. Khungu loonda komanso tsitsi lochulukirapo limanyowa ndikupangitsa kuti nyamayo ikhale yosavutikira. Chofunikira chachikulu kuti khola la pony lisunthe ndi kusakhalako kozizira komanso kupyola mphepo, nyama zimakhala zolakwika kwambiri pazokonzekera, zimatha kugwira chimfine mosavuta ndikufa.

M'nyengo yotentha, ma toni amadya msipu wokha, nthawi yozizira simungadere nkhawa nkhawa za chakudya ndi momwe zimadyetsedwa, nyama zimadyera mwachindunji kuchokera pansi kapena pansi, ndipo zimadya udzu wouma, zimagwiritsa ntchito, udzu ndi mitundu ina ya chakudya mosangalala. Popewa mahatchi kuti asapondere mapazi awo, odyetsa angapo owuma ayenera kukhala ndi zomangiramo, kuchuluka kwake komwe kumatengera kukula kwa khosalo.

M'malo mwake, kudyetsa poni sikusiyana ndi kudyetsa kavalo wachikulire wautali ndi kukula, popeza amadya ndiwo udzu ndi udzu. Komanso, zokhazokha zimatha kuwonjezeredwa kuzakudya wamba, koma izi ziyenera kuchitika mosamala, kusamala kuti zisawonongeke. Chifukwa chakumwa mopitirira muyeso, ma ponisoni amatha kupangitsa kuti thupi lizigwirizana chifukwa cha zidzolo, chikanga komanso kuyabwa kwambiri. Kuchita zofananazi kuyembekezeredwa ndi kuchuluka kwa nyama ndi oats, kapena kaloti, komwe kumayambitsanso chifuwa. Kwa tsiku limodzi, pony sayenera kudya zipatso zoposa 2 kaloti, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa ndiwo zamasamba kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala, zinyama zimakonda kaloti ndipo ngati eni ake abisa chidebe ndi masamba pamalo opezeka, azipeza mwachangu.

Nsombayi imaperekedwa kawiri pa tsiku, kugawa pang'ono mkono m'magawo awiri, gawo loyamba liyenera kuperekedwa m'mawa, ndipo lachiwiri madzulo. Mutha kuphatikizanso kabichi, mbatata, ndi beets mukudya kwanu pony.

M'nyengo yotentha, nyama zimayenera kuthiriridwa katatu patsiku, nthawi yozizira nthawi ziwiri ndizokwanira. Ndibwino ngati madziwo azidzayenda mosalekeza, kotero kuti mahatchi sangasiyidwe popanda kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amafunikira kutentha. Ndikofunika kumwa musanapatse chakudya chambiri. M'nyengo yozizira, madzi a chipale chofewa amatha kusinthidwa ndi chipale chofewa, samachikonda kuposa kaloti, komanso ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa chipale chofewa, kuwonetsetsa kuti nyama sizidya chipale chofewa mumzinda, zitha kupanga zovuta pazomwe zimakonda kuwazidwa m'misewu midzi.

Pony kupusa sikudandaula kwambiri, koma mahatchi ang'ono awa samatsutsana pakati pawo, kotero amatha kuyikidwa mu chipinda chino m'magulu akulu popanda kufunika kwa magawikidwe.

Poni ndi mtundu wa kavalo wapakhomo, wodziwika ndi kukula kochepa kuyambira 80 mpaka 140 cm.

Kutanthauziridwa kuchokera ku Chingerezi, dzina la nyamayo limatanthawuza: "kavalo pang'ono." Maponi amakhala ndi mphamvu, khosi lamphamvu komanso miyendo yochepa. Mwapang'onopang'ono, ndichizolowezi kunena kuti zitsanzo zilizonse zosakwana 100-110 cm, ku Germany matchulidwe ake ndiokwera pang'ono ndipo amafikira 120 cm.

Ngati atayezedwa ndi miyezo ya Chingerezi, ndiye kuti theka la mitundu yamahatchi imatha kutchulidwa ngati mahatchi. Ku Russia, mtundu wa Shetland, Falabella, America, Scottish ndi Wales ndiwofala kwambiri. M'dziko lapansi muli mitundu pafupifupi khumi ndi iwiri mahatchi okhala ndi mahatchi .

Pakati pawo pali ovekedwa akavalo ndi omangira owala. Zosangalatsa kwambiri mahatchi ochepera . Mwachitsanzo, Shetland, yomwe amapezeka anthu amtali pafupifupi 65. Zimasanjidwa kuzilumba za Atlantic Ocean. Ngakhale ndi kukula kwake pang'ono, oimira ake ali ndi thupi lonse, lalikulu kwambiri ndipo amatha kunyamula katundu wolemera.

Izi mahatchi ang'ono abulu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakukwera ana. Zizindikiro zakunja zimaphatikizaponso: mauna onyentchera ndi michira, tsitsi lakuda. Nthawi zambiri, amakhala ndi utoto wa piebald wokhala ndi mawanga owoneka bwino kumbuyo konse.

Zaka zana ndi theka zapitazo, mlimi waku Argentina wa Falabella adayamba kuswana mtundu wapadera wa akavalo, dzina lake atam'patsa dzina. Zofanana kavalo ndiochepera kuposa pony. Mtundu wamba umakhala ndi kutalika kufota kwa masentimita 86, koma nthawi zambiri pamakhala anthu odabwitsa omwe kutalika kwake ndi 38-45 cm wolemera 20-65 kg.

Kupadera kwawo ndikuti m'badwo uliwonse umakhala wocheperako. Wopangidwa ndi kusankha kosankha, chiwonetsero chodabwitsa chahatchi ya mini-appaloosa ndiyotchuka ku, Holland, Germany ndi. Popeza mahatchi okhala ndi mahatchi ndi nyama zapakhomo, zomwe zimagawidwa padziko lonse lapansi kumene munthu amakhala.