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Nsomba za Aquarium kwa oyamba ayenera kupirira kusinthasintha kwa magawo amadzi mu aquarium yatsopano ndikupewa matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kupsinjika. Khalidwe ndizofunikanso - nsomba zamtendere, zotheka ndizosankha zoyambira bwino. Nthawi zambiri amaiwala zazinthu monga kuthekera kwa nsomba kusinthana, osati ndi madzi, koma potengera malo atsopano ndi oyandikana nawo atsopano. Mutha kuwerengenso: nsomba 10 zabwino kwambiri zoyambira

Ma aquariums atsopano ndi osakhazikika chifukwa chakuti microflora yofunikira (mabakiteriya ofunika omwe amachotsa zinthu zovulaza) sanakhalepo. Ndipo ngakhale makonzedwe a bakiteriya akawonjezeredwa (amagulitsidwa m'malo ogulitsa ziweto), zomwe sizingakhale zabwino kwa nsomba zachifundo.
Nsomba zina, makamaka zazikuluzikulu, zimakhala bwino m'malo opanda nsomba opanda zokongoletsera ndi oyandikana nawo. Kwa ena, mikhalidwe yotereyi imawoneka yowopsa ndipo iwonso adzagwa ndi nkhawa, ngakhale magawo abwino amadzi, amadwala ndi kufa. Kwa iwo, kupezeka kwa nsomba zina mu aquarium ndi chizindikiro kuti chilengedwe ndichabwino. Chifukwa chake, kusankha kwabwino kwa oyambitsa nsomba ndi nsomba yomwe ndi yosavuta, yosagwira matenda, yopirira, yogwira ntchito komanso osati yankhanza.
PHUNZITSANI OGWIRA NTCHITO YAMANSI
Kudziwa bwino momwe madzi ammadzi am'nyanja ndi ofunika kwambiri, kuti ikhale munthawi yoyenera, muyenera kuyeza kuchuluka kwa Ph ndi kuuma. Kudziwa pasadakhale mtundu wamadzi omwe muli nawo, mutha kusankha mitundu yomwe ili yoyenera, chifukwa kwa nsomba zina magawo sangakhale oyenera, ndipo ngati muwayika m'madzi oterowo, nsomba imafa. Tsopano simukufunikira maphunziro amakemikolo kuti muchite izi, ndikokwanira kugula mayeso m'sitolo yazinyama. Kudontha kwabwinoko, ndizolondola.

WERENGANI FISH PAMBUYO LITAKHALA
Tsoka ilo, alendo obwera kumene nthawi zambiri amanama ndikugulitsa mitundu yosagwirizana, mwina nsomba zomwe sizoyenera kuyambitsa, kapena mitundu yayikulu kwambiri. Ogulitsa sakhala a chikumbumtima ndipo kuti musachite zachinyengo, muyenera kukonzekera.
Sankhani mitundu ingapo ya nsomba zomwe mumakonda, zomwe mutha kuziwona m'masitolo a ziweto kapena kumsika. Ndipo phunzirani mosamala zidziwitso za izi, popeza pali intaneti. Izi zikuthandizani kudziwa zambiri komanso kumvetsetsa ngati nsomba iyi ndi yoyenera kwa inu. Mafunso akulu ndi kukula komwe nsombazo zimakulira, chikhalidwe chake, zofunikira za magawo am'madzi, komanso momwe angakhalire - yekha, awiriawiri kapena masukulu?

GANIZIRANI ZABWINO
Zambiri mwa nsomba zomwe mumagula mtsogolo zimakula, kusintha zochita zawo, kapena mtundu. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kudziwa bwino lomwe nsomba yaying'ono yokongola yomwe isinthidwe ndi nthawi, komanso ngati padzakhale malo okwanira. Osagula nsomba zomwe zingakulitse nsomba zanu, ngakhale mutakhala otsimikiza kuti aquarium iyi ndiyosakhalitsa ndipo mudzawonongeratu yayikulu. Kuganizira zam'tsogolo kudzakuthandizaninso kutengera malingaliro omwe simunawone okongola. Mwachitsanzo, iris mu unyamata ndi nsomba yooneka bwino. Koma akakula imakhala nsomba yowala komanso yokongola kwambiri yomwe imakongoletsa nsomba za m'madzi zilizonse.

Dziwani magawo a madzi anu

Kudziwa bwino momwe madzi ammadzi am'nyanja ndi ofunika kwambiri, kuti ikhale munthawi yoyenera, muyenera kuyeza kuchuluka kwa Ph ndi kuuma. Kudziwa pasadakhale mtundu wamadzi omwe muli nawo, mutha kusankha mitundu yomwe ili yoyenera, chifukwa kwa nsomba zina magawo sangakhale oyenera, ndipo ngati muwayika m'madzi oterowo, nsomba imafa. Tsopano simukufunikira maphunziro amakemikolo kuti muchite izi, ndikokwanira kugula mayeso m'sitolo yazinyama. Kudontha kwabwinoko, ndizolondola.

Werengani za nsomba musanagule

Tsoka ilo, alendo obwera kumene nthawi zambiri amanama ndikugulitsa mitundu yosagwirizana, mwina nsomba zomwe sizoyenera kuyambitsa, kapena mitundu yayikulu kwambiri. Ogulitsa sakhala a chikumbumtima ndipo kuti musachite zachinyengo, muyenera kukonzekera.

Sankhani mitundu ingapo ya nsomba zomwe mumakonda, zomwe mutha kuziwona m'masitolo a ziweto kapena kumsika. Ndipo phunzirani mosamala zidziwitso za izi, popeza pali intaneti. Izi zikuthandizani kudziwa zambiri komanso kumvetsetsa ngati nsomba iyi ndi yoyenera kwa inu.

Mafunso akulu ndi kukula komwe nsombazo zimakulira, chikhalidwe chake, zofunikira za magawo am'madzi, komanso momwe angakhalire - yekha, awiriawiri kapena masukulu?

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Kodi mungasankhe bwanji nsomba NGATI PAKHALA ZOSAVUTA?
Nsomba za Aquarium kwa oyamba ayenera kupirira kusinthasintha kwa magawo amadzi mu aquarium yatsopano ndikupewa matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kupsinjika. Khalidwe ndizofunikanso - nsomba zamtendere, zotheka ndizosankha zoyambira bwino. Nthawi zambiri amaiwala zazinthu monga kuthekera kwa nsomba kusinthana, osati ndi madzi, koma potengera malo atsopano ndi oyandikana nawo atsopano. Mutha kuwerengenso: nsomba 10 zabwino kwambiri zoyambira

Nsomba zina, makamaka zazikuluzikulu, zimakhala bwino m'malo opanda nsomba opanda zokongoletsera ndi oyandikana nawo. Kwa ena, mikhalidwe yotereyi imawoneka yowopsa ndipo iwonso adzagwa ndi nkhawa, ngakhale magawo abwino amadzi, amadwala ndi kufa. Kwa iwo, kupezeka kwa nsomba zina mu aquarium ndi chizindikiro kuti chilengedwe ndichabwino. Chifukwa chake, kusankha kwabwino kwa oyambitsa nsomba ndi nsomba yomwe ndi yosavuta, yosagwira matenda, yopirira, yogwira ntchito komanso osati yankhanza.

1 Dziwani magawo a madzi anu
2 Werengani za nsomba musanagule
3 Ganizirani zam'tsogolo
4 Samalani ndi malingaliro osokonekera
Malangizo a kusankha nsomba zoyambirira
4.2 Mimbulu
4.3 Neons
4.4 Dyetsani mavuto
PHUNZITSANI OGWIRA NTCHITO YAMANSI
Kudziwa bwino momwe madzi ammadzi am'nyanja ndi ofunika kwambiri, kuti ikhale munthawi yoyenera, muyenera kuyeza kuchuluka kwa Ph ndi kuuma. Kudziwa pasadakhale mtundu wamadzi omwe muli nawo, mutha kusankha mitundu yomwe ili yoyenera, chifukwa kwa nsomba zina magawo sangakhale oyenera, ndipo ngati muwayika m'madzi oterowo, nsomba imafa. Tsopano simukufunikira maphunziro amakemikolo kuti muchite izi, ndikokwanira kugula mayeso m'sitolo yazinyama. Kudontha kwabwinoko, ndizolondola.

CHENJEZO NDI MALO OTSANTHA
Kuwerenga mofatsa za nsomba zomwe mumakonda poyamba kumatha kukudabwitsani pang'ono. Mwachitsanzo, pogula kaphindu kamtundu watatu koyamba, anthu owerengeka amadziwa kuti izi ndi chifukwa cha kusankha kwa mitundu isanu ya nsomba. Ndi kuti mawonekedwe ake osazolowereka ndi chifukwa cha kusinthika kwa mafupa ndi ziwalo zamkati. Akadadziwa, mwina akanakana kugula.
Tsopano pali nsomba zambiri zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Koma, nthawi zambiri, izi ndizotsatira zonse zakusankhidwa ndi kusokoneza mwachilengedwe. Mafupa opunduka, ziwalo ndi chitetezo chochepa ndizo zotsatira za kulowererapo. Pewani nsomba zamtunduwu poyamba.

Komanso, musatenge nsomba zomwe mtundu wake umawoneka wowala kwambiri. Ogulitsa osakhazikika amalimbikitsa nsomba asanagulitse, koma kukhala m'misika yodzaza ndi anthu msika kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kwa nsomba. Ndipo nthawi zambiri amachitapo kanthu kuti chikhale chowwala pang'ono kuposa momwe chimakhalira m'madzimo, osati mosemphanitsa.

Nsomba zimakula monga momwe aquarium amalola, koma nthawi imodzimodziyo yaipitsa ziwalo zamkati, mavuto azaumoyo.

Nsomba zambiri zimakula mpaka kugawa kwawo kokwanira, mwina pang'ono pochepera pamadzi otambalala. Mwachitsanzo, balu shark, yomwe imakula mpaka 30 cm, pang'ono pang'ono imatha kukula mpaka 25 cm.

MALANGIZO OYAMBIRIRA OYAMBA
Pewani nsomba zomwe zili ndi zakudya zinazake - zomwe zimakonda chakudya, zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto m'madzi. Miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yoyambirira mumafunika nsomba zomwe zidzakhale zokwanira kuzolowera chakudya wamba - mwachitsanzo, njere. Pakatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, chakudyacho chitha kupititsidwa bwino ndikuchekanitsidwa ndi mitundu yambiri yazakudya.

Osagula nsomba zambiri nthawi imodzi. Ngakhale nsomba yam'madzi yomwe ili ndi nsomba zingapo sizimawoneka bwino kwambiri, yesetsani kuwonjezera nsomba pang'onopang'ono, osataya pachiwopsezo chotaya matenda onse nthawi imodzi, mwachitsanzo. Malingaliro oyenerana samapitilira nsomba zisanu ndi chimodzi pa sabata.

Funsani malo ogulitsira kuti nsomba zimasungidwa nthawi yayitali bwanji mu aquarium yowonetsera. Zowonjezedwa posachedwa ndibwino kuti musatenge, ndikugulitsa ziwiri nthawi yochepa, kupsinjika kwambiri ndipo zingayambitse mavuto.

Malangizo 10:
Yang'anani wodziwa bwino za pamadzi kuti akupatseni malangizo
Zokhudza nsomba musanagule
Osagula kumvera zokopa
Nthawi zonse dziwani ndendende momwe nsomba zimakulira.
Lembani mndandanda wa nsomba zomwe mukufuna pano komanso zamtsogolo
Dziwani magawo amadzi mu thanki yanu
Kumbukirani, nsomba zazikuluzikulu zimatha kusintha kwambiri
Pewani nsomba zowonongeka komanso zodziwika bwino
Onetsetsani kuti zomwe zili m'madzimo ndizoyenera ziweto zanu zamtsogolo
Osagula nsomba zochuluka kwambiri
Nsomba zodziwika bwino, monga ma guppies kapena neons, zimakhala kutali ndi njira yokhayo yoyambira. Kuti musankhe nsomba zoyenera zam'madzi, ndikofunikira kuti mumvetsetse kusiyana pakati pa omwe adzazike mizu mu aquarium yatsopano ndi zomwe zingapweteke.

Guppy
Chifukwa chake, tsopano tiyeni tiwone ma guppie, makamaka mitundu yawo. Ziphuphu zachilengedwe, zamphamvu ndi zolimba ngati nsomba zina. Koma, kuwolotsa kolimba kwambiri, kusakaniza zokhudzana ndi zoweta zachititsa kuti ma guppies opatsika amatha kufa kuchokera pakukonzekera. Kulera, kuchepa kwa kusankhidwa kwachilengedwe, komwe kumakhala kovuta m'madzi, kumapangitsa kuti chitetezo cha guppy chifooke kwambiri. Ndipo kachilombo kakang'ono kwambiri komwe kamayambitsa matenda, nthawi zina ndikutchecha aquarium kwathunthu.

M'madzi oyenda bwino, guppy wokhala ndi vuto amakhala nthawi yayitali, mpaka zaka ziwiri. Koma mu aquarium yatsopano, mtunduwo ndi wofooka kwambiri kuti mutha kuyamba ndi nsomba. Onyamula ena amoyo, komabe, ndi nsomba zamphamvu ndipo ndi zoyenera. Ngakhale guppies osagwirizana ndiubwenzi ndi chisankho chabwino.

NEONS
Nsomba yachiwiri yotchuka kwambiri ndi neon. Zodabwitsa, zokongola nsomba, koma amanyazi pang'ono komanso amasamala kusinthasintha kwa madzi, komanso matenda. Mu aquarium yokhazikika, gulu la neon limatha kukhala zaka zingapo popanda mavuto, koma mwatsopano limatha kusungunuka m'miyezi yochepa. Ma tetras ena ang'onoang'ono, amanyazi omwewo, ngati sawasunga m'gulu la anthu khumi, ndipo ndibwino kuti mugule pambuyo pake.

ZOPweteketsa
Catfish, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala m'misewu, nthawi zambiri zimagulidwa mu aquarium yatsopano. Chifukwa chiyani sakukwanira? Kupatula apo, ndi nsomba yamtendere komanso yolola yomwe imagwirizira nyengo zosiyanasiyana bwino. Vuto ndilakuti amafunika kusungidwa pagulu, ndikuzidyetsa modyetsa zosiyanasiyana. Ndipo mu aquarium yatsopano, kudyetsa gulu la anthu okhala ndi zakudya zama protein ambiri kumatha kuyambitsa kumwa mopitirira muyeso, komanso kuwonjezeka kwakuthwa kwa zinthu zakupha - ammonia ndi nitrate.

Ena a nsomba zam'madzi zomwe zimadya algae ndi anticycrus, loricaria, otocinclus. Adzakhala operewera chakudya.

Mitundu ingapo ya nsomba zomwe zimakhala zovuta:
Zophatikiza - nsomba zopezeka chifukwa cha kusankha, monga lamulo, zachepetsa chitetezo chokwanira ndipo zikufuna zinthu. Mwachitsanzo, ma discus disc (musawatenge konse ngati mukubwera kumene ku aquarium), mitundu yowala yamatumbo.
Mitundu yayikulu ya nsomba nthawi zambiri imakhala yolusa, iyenso iyenera kubweretsedwa.

Chotsalira ndi chiyani? Inde, mitundu yambiri. Mwachitsanzo:

Amphaka amtundu wosavuta ndi chitsanzo chodabwitsa cha kusagwira ntchito.
Mollinesia ndi makala okongola oyala ndipo safuna chilichonse.

Gourami wamkulu, monga ngati marble. Zimatha kukhala popanda mpweya m'madzi, koma ndizoyenera kwambiri m'mizinda yam'madzi momwe muli zomera ndi malo ambiri okhala.

Amuna, okongola kwambiri komanso osasangalatsa. Osangowabzala ndi mtundu wanu!

Swordsmen ndi Pecilia amagwira ntchito, amakhala otakataka komanso okhalamo.

Danio - chisomo komanso kakang'ono.

Kusankha kwabwino ndi nsomba za banja la iris, izi ndi nsomba zamtendere komanso zopanda chidwi, ngakhale zimakonda madzi olimba komanso oyandikana nawo. Maluwa ambiri a iris amawonetsa kuthekera kwawo kokhala utoto miyezi ingapo atayikidwa mu aquarium, ndipo poyamba akhoza kuwoneka osawoneka bwino.

Kusankhidwa kwa nsomba kutengera mawonekedwe omwe akusamalidwa

Ngati mulibe luso lokwanira kusunga nsomba zam'madzi, ndibwino kugula nsomba zamtunduwu zomwe ndizosasamala ndipo zimatha kukhala m'malo osiyanasiyana. Pankhaniyi, asitikali ambiri am'madzi adakonda ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsomba zokhala ndi moyo, monga malupanga, guppy, pecilia ndi ena. Zowakonzera, ngakhale tawuni yaying'ono, makamaka ndi zomera zokhala ndi magetsi, yokhala ndi compressor yosavuta, fyuluta ndi chotenthetsera ndi thermostat, ndiyabwino. Nsomba zodzipatula ndizonyoza kuzidyetsa. Masiku ano, Mitundu yambiri ya nsomba za viviparous idadulidwa, yosiyana ndi mitundu yazachilengedwe, maonekedwe abwino, etc. Mitundu iyi ndiodziwika kwambiri mwamauni am'mizinda padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo kwa oyamba kumene, kugulitsidwa kwa nsomba za viviparous ndikwabwino.

Nsomba za golide, zomwe sizimavomerezeka m'chilengedwe komanso zofanana ndi carp wamba, ndizosavuta kusamalira. Komabe, nsomba za golide zimatha kukula mosiyanasiyana, choncho onetsetsani kuti mwazigula. Mukamagula nsomba zilizonse, onetsetsani kuti mwatsitsa kukula kwa malo anu am'madzi, chifukwa mumadzi omwe mumapezeka anthu ambiri, nsomba imamva bwino kwambiri.

Zoyenera kuyang'ana mukamagula nsomba?

Musanasankhe nsomba zam'madzi, muyenera kuzifufuza mosamala. Nsomba, zomwe zimagulitsidwa mgolosale, ziyenera kusungidwa mokwanira bwino komanso zokhala ndi zida zonse zofunikira zokhala ndi madzi oyera komanso oyera. Nsomba zizikhala zolimba, zowoneka bwino kwambiri komanso zopanda zolakwika zakunja. Onani bwino zipsepse - mu nsomba yathanzi, iyenera kukhala yosalala, yosang'ambika, popanda zizindikiro zowonongeka ndi matenda aliwonse. Ndikofunika kugula nsomba zazing'ono, chifukwa ngati mugula nsomba yachikulire chifukwa chakuchepa, mutha kugula zakale kwambiri zomwe zingakhale mu thanki yanu kwakanthawi kochepa kwambiri.

Muyenera kugula nsomba pokhapokha malo omwe ali ndi vuto lochulukirapo amalemekezedwa mokwanira. Palibe chifukwa chake musagule nsomba zakumadzi kuchokera kwa anthu ogulitsa m'misika yachilengedwe, chifukwa nthawi zambiri nsomba zotere zimagulitsidwa m'madzi othinana ndi madzi amatope, momwe tizilombo ting'onoting'ono timatha kukhala owopsa kwa anthu okhala m'madzi.Kubweretsa nsomba yakudwala kuchokera kunyumba yakusayida, yopanda chonde, mutha kuyambitsa matendawa ku aquarium yanu.

Pogula nsomba, samalani ndi mawonekedwe a machitidwe awo. Munthu aliyense azikhala momwe oyimira mitundu nthawi zonse amakhalira. Ngati nsomba imasambira mwachisawawa, imayenda mosagwedezeka, imawoneka yoopsa komanso yotopa - osatero, chifukwa nsomba imatha kudwala ndipo ikhoza kuwopseza anthu ena okhala m'madzimo.

Nkhani zogwirizana

Mtundu uliwonse wa nsomba zam'madzi umakhala ndi chikhalidwe, nthawi zambiri mtundu umodzi wam'madzi sungasungidwe limodzi ndi wina. Ziphuphu zimatha kuchitika pakati pa oimira amodzi amtundu womwewo (mwachitsanzo, abambo awiri amtundu wamitundu iwiri woyikidwa mu aquarium imodzi sangakhale bwino ndi mzake). Chifukwa chake, nthawi zonse muyenera kuchita kukhazikika kwa aquarium mosamala kwambiri komanso mosamala, apo ayi sizingatheke kuti zitheke.

Musanagule nsomba, kumbukirani kuti mitundu yambiri imatha kudya zomera zam'madzi ndikumakumba dothi, chifukwa chake simungagule nsomba zam'madzi zotere. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma cichlids, metinnis, zakuthambo, ndi mitundu ina yambiri imatha kudya zomera. Ngati mukufunabe kuti nsomba zizisungidwa mu malo am'madzi, ndiye kuti azikongoletsa ndi zomera zokumba, ndipo monga zokongoletsera, ikani malo otayirira, miyala yokongola, nyumba zachifumu, ndi zina zambiri pansi.

M'malo ambiri am'madzi mumatha kuwona nsomba zamitundu mitundu ndi zazikulu, zambiri zothandiza kwambiri, kudya zakudya zomwe zimatsitsidwa ndi nsomba zina pansi. Komabe, posankha mtundu wina wa nsomba zamtchire, onetsetsani kuti muwerenga za sayansi yake, chifukwa mitundu yambiri ya nsomba zam'madzi imatha kukula mpaka kukula ndikusaka nsomba zing'onozing'ono. Nsomba zazikulu zodya nyama zizisungidwa mokhazikika, magulu awiri kapena ochepa.

Choyenererana kwambiri m'madzi amodzi chitha kuwoneka ngati mitundu ya nsomba yomwe imakhala mwanjira ndi mbali. Ma Aquariums amawoneka okongola kwambiri, momwe malo amodzi mwa nkhokwe zachilengedwe amabwezeretsedwera (mwachitsanzo, malo a mtsinje wa Amazon kapena umodzi mwa mitsinje ya ku Africa yotentha). Mutha kubzala m'madzi momwemo “zopangika” ndi zomera zamtundu wina, ndikuzaza ndi mitundu yosankhidwa ya nsomba ndikupanga ngodya ya nyama zenizeni kunyumba.

Malangizo ena posankha nsomba zam'madzi

Kuti muwonetsetse kuti malo anu okhala amakhala okongola nthawi zonse ndipo okhalamo ali athanzi komanso atcheru, muyenera kukumbukira malangizo ena amomwe mungasankhire nsomba zoyenera kuzisunga m'nyumba yanu.

Mukamasankha nsomba zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, onetsetsani kuti kutentha kwa madzi kumafunika bwanji kuti musunge mtundu umodzi kapena umodzi. Pali mitundu yambiri yokonda kutentha komanso yozizira kwambiri, ndipo kuyang'anira kwawo palimodzi m'madzi amodzi kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, khalani m'madzi amodzi momwe mumakhala nsomba zomwe kutentha kwawo kumakhala kofanana. Zomwezi zitha kunenedwa za kapangidwe ka madzi, kuuma kwake ndi acidity.

Nsomba zogulidwa m'sitolo siziyenera kubzala nthawi yomweyo m'madzi wamba. Nsomba zatsopano zimakhazikitsidwa kwakanthawi kwakanthawi m'malo okhala kuti asamalire bwino.

Mtundu uliwonse wa nsomba umakonda kukhala mumadzi ena. Chifukwa chake, kuti malo anu asamalidwe azitha kuwoneka okongola, sankhani mitundu ya nsomba kuti ikukhazikike, iliyonse yomwe imakhala ndi madzi. Kenako mu aquarium sipadzakhala malo opanda kanthu komanso malo okhala anthu ambiri, ndipo mikhalidwe yoyang'ana mtundu uliwonse wamtunduwu ndiyabwino kwambiri.

Kumbukirani kuti nsomba zazing'ono zilizonse zimamera msanga, choncho ndi bwino kuti musagule achinyamata ambiri ngati kukula kwa malo anu samaloleza izi. Ngati ndizofunikira, nthawi zonse mudzakhala ndi nthawi yogula nsomba.

Ganizirani zamtsogolo

Zambiri mwa nsomba zomwe mumagula mtsogolo zimakula, kusintha zochita zawo, kapena mtundu. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kudziwa bwino lomwe nsomba yaying'ono yokongola yomwe isinthidwe ndi nthawi, komanso ngati padzakhale malo okwanira.

Osagula nsomba zomwe zingakulitse nsomba zanu, ngakhale mutakhala otsimikiza kuti aquarium iyi ndiyosakhalitsa ndipo mudzawonongeratu yayikulu. Kuganizira zam'tsogolo kudzakuthandizaninso kutengera malingaliro omwe simunawone okongola.

Mwachitsanzo, iris mu unyamata ndi nsomba yooneka bwino. Koma akakula imakhala nsomba yowala komanso yokongola kwambiri yomwe imakongoletsa nsomba za m'madzi zilizonse.

Musamale ndi malingaliro osokonekera

Kuwerenga mofatsa za nsomba zomwe mumakonda poyamba kumatha kukudabwitsani pang'ono. Mwachitsanzo, pogula kaphindu kamtundu watatu koyamba, anthu owerengeka amadziwa kuti izi ndi chifukwa cha kusankha kwa mitundu isanu ya nsomba. Ndi kuti mawonekedwe ake osazolowereka ndi chifukwa cha kusinthika kwa mafupa ndi ziwalo zamkati. Akadadziwa, mwina akanakana kugula.

Tsopano pali nsomba zambiri zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Koma, nthawi zambiri, izi ndizotsatira zonse zakusankhidwa ndi kusokoneza mwachilengedwe. Mafupa opunduka, ziwalo ndi chitetezo chochepa ndizo zotsatira za kulowererapo. Pewani nsomba zamtunduwu poyamba.

Nsomba zimakula monga momwe aquarium amalola, koma nthawi imodzimodziyo yaipitsa ziwalo zamkati, mavuto azaumoyo.

Nsomba zambiri zimakula mpaka kugawa kwawo kokwanira, mwina pang'ono pochepera pamadzi otambalala. Mwachitsanzo, balu shark, yomwe imakula mpaka 30 cm, pang'ono pang'ono imatha kukula mpaka 25 cm.

Malangizo posankha nsomba yoyamba

Pewani nsomba zomwe zili ndi zakudya zinazake - zomwe zimakonda chakudya, zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto m'madzi. Miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yoyambirira mumafunika nsomba zomwe zidzakhale zokwanira kuzolowera chakudya wamba - mwachitsanzo, njere. Pakatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, chakudyacho chitha kupititsidwa bwino ndikuchekanitsidwa ndi mitundu yambiri yazakudya.

Yang'anani wodziwa bwino za pamadzi kuti akupatseni malangizo
Zokhudza nsomba musanagule
Osagula kumvera zokopa
Nthawi zonse dziwani ndendende momwe nsomba zimakulira.
Lembani mndandanda wa nsomba zomwe mukufuna pano komanso zamtsogolo
Dziwani magawo amadzi mu thanki yanu
Kumbukirani, nsomba zazikuluzikulu zimatha kusintha kwambiri
Pewani nsomba zowonongeka komanso zodziwika bwino
Onetsetsani kuti zomwe zili m'madzimo ndizoyenera ziweto zanu zamtsogolo
Osagula nsomba zochuluka kwambiri

Nsomba zodziwika bwino, monga ma guppies kapena neons, zimakhala kutali ndi njira yokhayo yoyambira. Kuti musankhe nsomba zoyenera zam'madzi, ndikofunikira kuti mumvetsetse kusiyana pakati pa omwe adzazike mizu mu aquarium yatsopano ndi zomwe zingapweteke.

Dyetsani mavuto

Catfish, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala m'misewu, nthawi zambiri zimagulidwa mu aquarium yatsopano. Chifukwa chiyani sakukwanira? Kupatula apo, ndi nsomba yamtendere komanso yolola yomwe imagwirizira nyengo zosiyanasiyana bwino.

Vuto ndilakuti amafunika kusungidwa pagulu, ndikuzidyetsa modyetsa zosiyanasiyana. Ndipo mu aquarium yatsopano, kudyetsa gulu la anthu okhala ndi zakudya zama protein ambiri kumatha kuyambitsa kumwa mopitirira muyeso, komanso kuwonjezeka kwakuthwa kwa zinthu zakupha - ammonia ndi nitrate.

Ena a nsomba zam'madzi zomwe zimadya algae ndi anticycrus, loricaria, otocinclus. Adzakhala operewera chakudya.

Mitundu ingapo ya nsomba zomwe zimakhala zovuta:

Zophatikiza - nsomba zopezeka chifukwa cha kusankha, monga lamulo, zachepetsa chitetezo chokwanira ndipo zikufuna zinthu. Mwachitsanzo, ma discus disc (musawatenge konse ngati mukubwera kumene ku aquarium), mitundu yowala yamatumbo.

Mitundu yayikulu ya nsomba nthawi zambiri imakhala yolusa, iyenso iyenera kubweretsedwa.

Chotsalira ndi chiyani? Inde, mitundu yambiri. Mwachitsanzo:

Amphaka amtundu wosavuta ndi chitsanzo chodabwitsa cha kusagwira ntchito.
Mollinesia ndi makala okongola oyala ndipo safuna chilichonse.

Gourami wamkulu, monga ngati marble. Zimatha kukhala popanda mpweya m'madzi, koma ndizoyenera kwambiri m'mizinda yam'madzi momwe muli zomera ndi malo ambiri okhala.

Amuna, okongola kwambiri komanso osasangalatsa. Osangowabzala ndi mtundu wanu!

Swordsmen ndi Pecilia amagwira ntchito, amakhala otakataka komanso okhalamo.

Danio - chisomo komanso kakang'ono.

Kusankha kwabwino ndi nsomba za banja la iris, izi ndi nsomba zamtendere komanso zopanda chidwi, ngakhale zimakonda madzi olimba komanso oyandikana nawo.

Maluwa ambiri a iris amawonetsa kuthekera kwawo kokhala utoto miyezi ingapo atayikidwa mu aquarium, ndipo poyamba akhoza kuwoneka osawoneka bwino.

Momwe mungasankhire mitundu yogwirizana ya nsomba zam'madzi

Malo otetezedwa a aquarium aliwonse amaletsa kwambiri kuchuluka ndi mitundu ya nsomba zomwe zimatha kukhalamo. Kuphatikiza apo, Mtundu uliwonse umakhala ndi zomwe umachita ndi zomwe umafunikira. Pali zinthu zingapo zofunika kuziganizira posankha nsomba:

akulu akulu
machitidwe
hydrochemical zikuchokera madzi

Pali zitsanzo zambiri zofananira, ndipo pothandiza wasodzi wa nsomba wam'madzi kuti asankhe bwino, tsamba lathu limapereka zida zingapo zosavuta posankha mitundu ya nsomba - "Fyulirani" ndi Fananizani

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito

Gawo "nsomba ya Aquarium" kumanzere ndi Fyuluta (Sankhani nsomba), lofanana ndi omwe ali. Popeza pali nsomba zambiri zomwe zimatha kukhala m'madzimo, pogwiritsa ntchito fayiloyi mutha kudula chiwerengero chawo malinga ndi zomwe mukufuna. Mwachitsanzo, onetsani nsomba zamtambo zokha zosaposa 10cm kutalika, osazindikira mawonekedwe a chakudya.

Pansi pa chithunzi cha mawonekedwe aliwonse ndi chithunzi Fananizani. Simungasankhe nsomba zinayi kuposa zomwe mukufuna. Mukadina pazithunzi kapena batani "Kugwirizana" kumanzere pansi pa zosefera, tsamba loyerekeza limatseguka ndi magawo otsatirawa: kukula kwa nsomba, pH ndi malingaliro a dGH, chikhalidwe. Kutengera ndi zomwe zawonetsedwa, titha kudziwa ngati nsomba zomwe zasankhidwa zikugwirizana kapena ayi.

Momwe mungasankhire nsomba zoyenera mu aquarium?

Oyamba oyambira pansi nthawi zambiri amalakwitsa zambiri. Chachikulu ndi chikhumbo chosaletseka chopeza pafupifupi nsomba iliyonse yomwe mumakonda. Zotsatira zake sizolimbikitsa kwambiri: pali zochulukitsa zam'madzi, ndipo ambiri mwa anthu ake mwachilengedwe sangakhale mwamtendere wina ndi mnzake, amakangana nthawi zonse, olimba amadya ofooka. Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsomba zam'madzi imafunika malo omwe amatha kusiyanasiyana kwambiri. Ngati nsomba zoterezi zikaikidwa m'malo amodzi, zambiri zimatha kudwala ndikufa. Chifukwa chake, musanagule nsomba muyenera kuphunzira malamulo angapo oyambira.

Malamulo posankha nsomba za m'madzi:

1. Ngati mulibe nthawi yambiri yosamalira nsomba za m'madzi, muyenera kusankha mitundu ya nsomba za ku aquarium zokha. Chimodzi mwa zovuta kwambiri komanso chosasunthika kukonza chimawonedwa ngati nsomba zagolide. Amamva bwino m'madzi popanda Kutentha; kutentha kwapakati kwakukwanira. Panali nthawi zina pamene nsomba za golide zimakhala ngakhale m'madziwe ozizira kunja ndipo zimamva bwino pambuyo pakupuma. Kuuma, pH yamadzi, mitundu yazakudya kwa iwo ndizofunikira. Zofunikira zokhazokha ndikupereka nsomba yanu yagolide ndi malo otumphukira okwanira (malita 20 ofunikira pamunthu aliyense) ndikusintha pafupifupi 1/4 ya kuchuluka kwa madzi mkati mwake kamodzi pa sabata.

2. Nsomba zosasamala zimaphatikizanso onyamula amoyo. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazing'ono kukula komanso zowala. Mitundu yambiri ya nsomba ili m'gululi: kuyambira m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono okongola kupita kwa malupanga ofunika kwambiri, otalika kuposa masentimita 10. Nsomba zokhala ndi moyo zimakhala zomasuka kwambiri kutentha kwa madzi aku aquarium kukhala kofanana mpaka madigiri 20 mpaka 28 Celsius. Amayanjana mosavuta ndi nsomba zina mu aquarium, ndikuchulukana mwachangu. Koma ali ndi imodzi. Iwo popanda kudandaula kwapadera amadya alendo ndi alendo awo. Koma ngati Aquarium wabzalidwa kwambiri ndi udzu, ndiye kuti zina mwachanguwo adzapulumuka, chifukwa chake, chifukwa algae imakhala malo othawirako pakamwa panjala. Zachidziwikire, njira yoyenera ikhoza kukhala kuti ayike wobadwa kumene mu madzi ena mpaka atafika pamlingo wina, pomwe makolo awo sangadye nawo chakudya chamadzulo.

4. Ngati mukufuna kukhazikitsa Aquarium yayikulu (yoposa 50 l), mutha kupeza nsomba zazikulu: cichlids, chess bots, gourami, angelfish, golide yemweyo. Mwakutero, muyenera kusankha nsomba, nthawi zonse poganizira kuchuluka kwa m'madzi anu, chifukwa chinsomba chachikulu chimadzimva bwino m'malo opsinjika. Kuwona ziweto zanu zikagwera “momasuka” m'madzi othamanga, kukhala ndi malo okwanira, zimakondweretsa.

5. Mutha kusankha nsomba zamtundu wachilendo. Mmodzi mwa oimirira kwambiri pagululi ndi piranha. Nthawi zonse mumatha kudabwitsa alendo anu ndi zozizwitsa zokongola izi. Koma khalani okonzeka kupirira zovuta zina zomwe zingachitike mukamamsamalira. Pakudulira masamba kapena kuyeretsa m'madzi, chinsomba chodekha komanso chodekha sichingazengereze kusisita posachedwa. Kuphatikiza apo, sizingatheke kubzala mitundu ina ya nsomba zamadzimadzi, chifukwa ma piranhas amawononga chilichonse chokhala m'njira, komanso m'malo okhala. Amadyanso abale awo ochepera kapena ofooka.

6. Popeza mwasankha mtundu wa nsomba kapena mtundu wina, yang'anani mosamala aliyense amene wakopa. Thupi lake siliyenera kuwonongeka, kuvunda, kusuntha kwambiri ndi zina zotero. Nsombazo zizichita zinthu zamtunduwu. Ngati ayenda mopanda nzeru, ndikudikirira pansi, amagwera mbali imodzi, ndibwino kuti asagule nsomba ngati imeneyi.

Ndikwabwino kutenga nsomba kumisika yogulitsa, monga m'masitolo azinyama kapena ma hema okhazikika pamsika. Samalani ndi mikhalidwe yomwe akumangidwa. Ngati sakhutira, ingodutsani. Musaiwale kuti mupeze kuchokera kwa ogulitsa zonse zosamveka pazomwe nsomba zidayitanidwa. Ngati ndi kotheka, pezani nambala yolumikizira foni kuti mupeze mafunso ena. Ndipo musaiwale kugula buku pa aquarium, ilibwino.

Tip 1: Momwe mungasankhire nsomba zam'madzi

Momwe mungasankhire nsomba zam'madzi
Zomwe mukusowa aquarium
Momwe mungasankhire zakudya zama nsomba

Chinyengo chofala kwambiri chomwe oyambira asodzi am'madzi chimapanga ndikusunga nsomba zowononga komanso zopanda vuto palimodzi, komanso kusungira nsomba zomwe sizinapangidwe kunyumba. Ngati nsomba siyikudyera, koma yayikulu, imatha kumeza nsomba zazing'ono.

Chifukwa chake, chinthu choyambirira chomwe mwini wa nsomba wam'tsogolo akuyenera kuchita ndikuphunzira mitundu yayikulu, yotheka ya anthu okhala m'madzimo.Kusankha kophweka, kukhalabe mukusankhidwa kwa nsomba zazing'onoting'ono, makamaka, sizibweretsa mavuto (zosavuta kwambiri za guppies kuti azisamalira ndi nsomba zokongola zokhala ndi mamba agolide).

Kuti musankhe nsomba zam'madzi, muyenera kudziwa malo omwe mugule. Tsopano, ndizosavuta kugula ku malo ogulitsa nyama, koma, monga kwina kulikonse, kuli atsogoleri ndi akunja m'derali. Ubwino wa malonda omwewo m'malo osiyanasiyana akhoza kukhala osiyana kwambiri. Werengani ndemanga zakusitolo, kucheza ndi akatswiri asodzi anzeru, ndipo kenako ingomaliza. Popeza kuti mwapita m'masitolo angapo, inunso mutha kudziwa bwino nsomba zathanzi kuchokera kwa odwala, kudziwa zomwe zingakhalepo pazinthu za aquarium, kukambirana ndi ogulitsa. Izi zikuthandizani kuti mukhale ndi mwayi wopeza zambiri zofunikira.

Onani mitundu ingapo yogulitsa bwino. Choyamba ndi ukhondo komanso makonzedwe azosankha osati malo okhala pansi pamadzi, komanso malo ogulitsira. Ngati muwona kuti chizindikirochi “K” chilipo pamadzipo, izi zikutanthauza kuti nsomba zomwe zili mu aquarium zili ndi kachilombo ndipo sizogulitsidwa. Funsani wogulitsa kuti izi zidachitika chifukwa chiyani, komanso ngati nthenda yokhala okhaokha ikhoza kusokoneza thanzi la "oyandikana". Chowonadi ndi chakuti m'masitolo ambiri, nsomba zimagwidwa ndi ukonde umodzi, ngakhale molingana ndi malamulo, ziyenera kudwala.

Mwa zina, aquarium iliyonse iyenera kukhala ndi zidziwitso zonse zokhudza okhalamo, ngati zilipo, ndiye kuti sitolo ikhoza kuonedwa ngati yoyenera.

momwe mungasankhire nsomba zam'madzi

Tip 4: Ndi m'madzi ati momwe mumayika nsomba zagolide?

Goldfish imabwera m'mitundu ingapo, koma nsomba zophimba zowoneka bwino ndizodziwika bwino. Mukangothira madzi mu aquarium yozungulira-lita-10 ndikuyendetsa mchira pamenepo, nsomba zimafa, osakhala ndi nthawi yopumira pokhapokha. Kwa nsomba, zozungulira mozungulira m'madzi ndizosasangalatsa kwambiri; zimasanjidwa mu aquarium yotere. Goldfish sakonda malo okhala. Nsomba imasowa ngodya, ndipo poyenda imasuntha pang'ono kenako, imayamba kunenepa. Mwa njira, kupeza mafuta a nsomba ya golide silinali vuto, mwachilengedwe chake ndiwowonekera bwino, kotero muyenera kumadyetsa mwachangu ndikukonzekera masiku akusala kudya.

Kuti veiltail ikondweretse eni ake kwa nthawi yayitali, ndibwino kuti muzisankhira nyanja yakumanzere yokhala ndi voliyumu yosachepera malita 50, kutsanulira dothi, kubzala mbewu, ndipo mutha kuperekanso aquarium ndi fyuluta yakunja ndi yamkati. Zomera sizingopereka mpweya m'madzi a m'madzimo, zimatha kukhala pothawirapo kwa nsomba kuchokera ku dzuwa komanso wopatsira chakudya masiku osala kudya, nsomba, monga lamulo, imatulutsa masamba a algae ndikusonkhanitsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatulutsa kale. Kuti mukhale ndi moyo wabwino, kutentha kwa madzi kuyenera kusungidwa osachepera madigiri 22, apo ayi nsomba imatha kuwundana.

Maonekedwe ndi kukula kwake

Mwinanso chinthu choyambirira chomwe akatswiri azam'madzi amaganiza ndi kukula kwa aquarium yamtsogolo. Ngati mudakali atsopano kuulimi wa nsomba, ndibwino kuti muyambe, mwachidziwitso, ndi sariamu yayitali. Komabe, muyenera kudziwa kuti kusamalira malo ocheperako, momwe zimamvekera, ndizovuta kwambiri kuposa kusamalira lalikulu. Chifukwa chiyani? Chowonadi ndi chakuti kukula kwam'madzi komanso kutonthoza kwa okhalamo kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe umasungunuka m'madzi. Mukamapuma, nsomba zimatulutsa kaboni dayokisaidi, yomwe imalowanso m'madzi. Kuphatikiza apo, madzi amadetsedwa ndi zinthu zonyansa. Chifukwa chake, chocheperako dera la m'madzimo, madziwo amadzadetsedwa ndipo nthawi zambiri amayenera kusintha. Ndipo zokulirapo, momwemonso nsomba zimamverera bwino.

Mawonekedwe a malo am'madzi nawonso amasiyanasiyana kwambiri masiku ano. Mutha kuyitanitsa kapangidwe ka zovuta zilizonse ndikupereka kwaulere pazoganiza zanu. Koma, poganizira kapangidwe kovuta kamakina kam'madzi ka mtsogolo, musaiwale kuti ziyenera kulowa mkati mwanu ndikukhala kosavuta kuzisamalira. Njira yosavuta kwambiri yoyeretsera timadzi tokhala ngati tchuthi lero ndiwotchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwake: nyumba yanyanjayi imakongoletsa chilichonse chamkati ndikupanga malo ochepa.

Njira yothandizira ndi kupanga

Tsatanetsatane wofunikira ndi zinthu zomwe Aquarium imapangidwa. Itha kukhala galasi, plexiglass kapena simenti ya asbesto. Ma aquariums agalasi amapangidwa ndi mitundu iwiri: chimango komanso chopanda mawonekedwe. Poyambirira, pakuphatikizana kwa mapepala agalasi, kapangidwe ka malo am'madzi kamalimbikitsidwa mothandizidwa ndi ngodya zachitsulo. Ma aquariamu azithunzi ndi olemera, komanso amphamvu kuposa ma aquariums osaluka. Ngati simukufuna ndalama zowonjezera, ndipo mphamvu zochulukirapo sizofunikira, mutha kudutsa ndi njira yapamwamba - aquarium wopanda cholakwika. Ziwalo zake zimalumikizidwa ndi silicone. Mitundu yopanda mafelemu nthawi zambiri imakondedwa ndi amateur aquarists.

Koma plexiglass imakupatsani mwayi kuti mumakola makoma a zida kumakona kosiyanasiyana ndikupanga iwo ozungulira ndi asymmetric. Ma Aquarium oterowo nthawi zambiri amapangidwira maofesi kapena ma studio, koma amawononga ndalama zambiri kuposa ena. Malo okhala maasbestos-simenti simenti samagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi amateurs, monga lamulo, amapangidwira madzi ambiri mu malo osungirako zinyama kapena malo okhala pansi pamadzi.

Momwe mungasankhire nsomba zam'madzi

Kuti aquarium yanu iwoneke yokongola nthawi zonse, simuyenera kungoyendetsa bwino ndikuyiyendetsa. Kugwirizana padziwe lochita kupanga kumadalira nsomba zoyenera, zomwe siziyenera kukhala zathanzi zokha, komanso kukhalanso bwino komanso kukhala ndi mtundu wina wa aquarium palokha. Oyambitsa nsomba ambiri oyamba, mwatsoka, samalabadira chisankho cha nsomba, nthawi zambiri amapeza makope oyamba omwe amakonda m'masitolo azinyama ndipo alibe chidwi ndi zosowa zawo ndikugwirizana ndi mitundu ina. Zomwe muyenera kuganizira musanagule nsomba zam'madzi?

Momwe mungasankhire nsomba zam'madzi zam'madzi atsopano

Ngati mungaganize zokhala wokonda nkhondo yamadzi ndipo mukupeza chilichonse chomwe mungafune pa izi, zambiri zidzakugwirani kuti mupange chisankho. Muyenera kusankha mtundu wa aquarium omwe mumagula, kuchuluka kwake, momwe ndi momwe mungachiyikire, kaya m'tsogolo momwe muli nsomba zamchere kapena madzi oyera, zomera zam'madzi kapena zokongoletsa pulasitiki zidzakhala momwemo. Muyenera kusankha fayilo ya aquarium, chotenthetsera, kuyatsa, chakudya ndikumasinthanso zovuta zina zambiri zaluso kuti machitidwe anu azitha kugwira ntchito moyenera. Tsoka ilo, mtundu ndi chiwerengero cha nsomba zam'madzi zomwe zimakhala m'madzimo ndizomaliza kusankha. Mwiniyo akaganiza zogula nsomba, izi zimachitika kutengera mtundu ndi mawonekedwe. Zotsatira zake, choyambitsa ma scuba diver sichitha: madzi am'madzi samakhazikika ndipo nsomba zimafa posachedwa. Chifukwa chake musanagule nsomba ndi chida choyenera, sankhani kaye nsomba zomwe mukufuna kulowa mu aquarium.

Kodi muyenera kudzifunsa mafunso ati musanagule nsomba?

Mitundu yoposa 2,000 ya nsomba zam'madzi ndi

mwa mitundu 25,000 yodziwika. Kuti muchepetse mindandanda yanu, yambani muyankhe mafunso ochepa omwe angakuthandizeni kudziwa omwe mukufuna kukhala m'mizinda yanu.

1. Kodi nsomba zomwe mukufuna kukhazikika m'madzimo zimamera kukula kotani?

2. Kodi nsomba zikamakula zochuluka, kodi zimasaka nsomba zing'onozing'ono ndikuziwopseza?

3. Kodi malo osankhidwa a nsomba akufuna malo akulu?

4.insomba zomwe zasankhidwa ndi nyama ndipo zimasaka nsomba zina zing'onozing'ono? Nsomba zambiri zam'malo otentha ndizovuta kudya.

5. Kodi nsomba iyi iluma ndi zipsepse ndi mchira wa nsomba zina?

6. Kodi nyamazo zimakhala zamtopola kapena zamanyazi kwambiri kuti sizikhala ndi mitundu ina?

7. Kodi zamtundu wamtunduwu zimadya zamoyo zam'madzi?

8. Kodi nsomba izi zidzakumba pansi?

9. Kodi ndi zofunikira zanji zamadzi zomwe nsomba zamtunduwu zimayenera kukhala (kutentha, pH, kuuma, ndi zina).

10. Kodi nsomba zotsika mtengo ndizogulitsa bwanji mumzinda wanu?

11. Kodi zimawononga ndalama zingati?

12. Kodi nyamazo zidabzala kunyumba kapena kugwidwa kuthengo?

13. Kodi nsomba zamtunduwu zimakhala m'magulu kapena zimangokhala zokha?

Mukasankha mtundu wa nsomba zomwe mukufuna kuyamba, kusankha chida cham'madzi ndi zida zina zonse za icho kudzakhala kosavuta. Ndikofunikira kwambiri komanso ndikulondola poyamba kudziwa mtundu wa nsomba zomwe mukufuna, pokhapokha ndi zida zonse zofunika. Kukhala kosavuta kwa inu kuti mupange zofunikira zamtunduwu wa nsomba zam'madzi, kudziwa zosowa zake, kenako ndikukula kwake, kwamphamvu komanso kokongola.

Mtundu, kukula ndi malo am'madzi ndizosankhidwa bwino malinga ndi mtundu wa nsomba. Komanso kusefedwa ndi chotenthetsa, mbewu, kuyatsa, chakudya, nthaka zimasankhidwa kuti zitsimikizire zaumoyo ndi chilengedwe chochuluka kwa anthu am'madzi.

Magawo asanu ndi awiri a nsomba zam'madzi

Ndibwerezanso kuti pafupifupi mitundu 2000 ya nsomba zam'madzi zimapezeka kwa asitikali am'madzi, ndipo zambiri mwa izo ndi mitundu yotentha. Kuti zitheke, nsomba zam'madzi zidagawika m'magulu 7 akuluakulu. Gawo lililonse limaphatikiza nsomba zofanana, koma izi ndizongowonjezera. Pali mitundu yomwe ili yapadera, chifukwa chake musanagule, muyenera kuzolowera mitundu iliyonse payokha musanapange chisankho.

Soma. Mitundu yonse yamtunduwu ilibe mamba ndipo imakutidwa ndi zikopa kapena zoteteza. Nthawi zambiri, nsomba zamkati ndimazisamba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mbano, kunyamula zotsala pansi. Izi ndichifukwa choti ambiri a iwo ndi omnivores. Pafupifupi nsomba zamitundu iliyonse, mutha kupeza mtundu woyenerera wa nsomba za m'madzi, zomwe zimachita ntchito zake molondola. Mukamasankha nsomba yam'madzi mu aquarium, zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa:

Mitundu ina ya nsomba za m'madzi imatha kukula kwambiri (kupitirira 2 metres),
Mitundu ina imakhala usiku, muyenera kuwadyetsa usiku,
Mitundu ina ya nsomba za m'madzi sizoyika mkaka, zimafunikira zakudya zapadera,
Dothi lakuthwa, lakuthwa limatha kubweretsa mkwiyo ndi kuwonongeka pamimba ya mphaka,
Ena a nsomba za m'mimba amakonda kukhala m'magulu.

Characiform (characins, tetras, piranhas, neons, vana). Ili ndi gulu lalikulu kwambiri la nsomba, zomwe zimaphatikizapo mitundu yomwe imapezeka ku Africa ndi South America. Mitundu yaying'ono ya haracin nthawi zambiri imabzalidwa m'mizinda yamchere yamadzi. Mitundu ina ya nsomba zazikulu (ma piranhas) ndizovuta kuzisamalira ndipo ndizoyenera kuzisunga akatswiri. Mitundu ina ya nsombazi imagulitsa kuthengo.

Cichlids. Gululi ndilambiri komanso osiyanasiyana ndipo ali ndi nsomba zopezeka ku Africa, South ndi North America komanso Asia. Mitundu yokhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi malo osiyanasiyana ndizomwe zimagwirizanitsa mitunduyi ndikuzipangitsa kuti zizitchuka m'mizinda yambiri yam'madzi. Ma cichlids onse amawonetsa chisamaliro cha makolo, chifukwa chake ndi malo. Akateteza mazira awo ndi mwachangu, amatha kukhala ankhanza kwambiri kwa nsomba zina zilizonse m'deralo ndipo, nthawi zina, amateteza zisa zawo. Chifukwa chaukali, nsomba zamtunduwu zimasungidwa bwino m'malo am'madzi amitundu. Komabe, mitundu ina (yaing'ono ma cichlids ndi ma scalars) imatha kukhala m'matanthwe wamba pansi pazoyenera.

Cyprinids (barb, zebrafish, parsing, m'chiuno, nsomba zagolide, koi). Izi nsomba zimapezeka m'malo ambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndipo zimaphatikizapo mitundu yonse ya mitundu yotentha komanso yamagazi ozizira monga nsomba zagolide. Mitundu yambiri yamtunduwu imakhala yotchuka kwambiri mu malo am'madzi, chifukwa cha kuuma kwawo nyengo yachisanu, kumasuka kosamalira komanso kukonzekera kubereka. Mitundu yambiri imakhala yochezeka ndipo imakhala bwino m'malo amodzi wamba.

Cyprinids (cyprinids, kallifish). Nsomba izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazing'ono ndipo zimakhala ndi chakudya ndipo zimadyetsa pafupi ndi pamwamba. Ma cyprinids ena ndi ovuta kuwasamalira oyamba kumene. Ena, viviparous, monga ma guppies, malupanga, mollies, ndi malupanga, ndi otchuka kwambiri komanso osavuta kuwasamalira.

Labyrinth nsomba (gourami, mitundu yomenyera, amuna, macropods). Gulu la nsomba limatchuka kwambiri pakati pa asodzi am'madzi. Amakhala aang'ono, olimba, amtendere oyenererana ndi am'madzi wamba, kupatulapo azimuna ena amenya nkhondo mwamphamvu, mapira akuluakulu ndi amuna akuluakulu amuna.

Utawaleza. Amachokera kumalo osiyanasiyana ndipo muyenera kuzolowera zosowa zamtundu uliwonse. Izi nsomba, monga lamulo, zimakhala ndi khungu losakhazikika pamaso, zomwe zimawalola kuti asinthe mitundu pansi pa kuyatsa. Mitundu yambiri ndi yaying'ono, yamtendere, komanso yokongola, ndipo idzakhala yowonjezera bwino ku aquarium yonse.

Momwe mungasankhire nsomba zam'madzi

Pakakhala kuti palibe nyama yowongolera zanyama pazomwe zimapangidwira kusitolo ndi kumsika, ndikofunikira kudziwa nsomba zamtunduwu ndi zizindikilo zakunja. M'm nsomba zathanzi, zipsepse zonse zimayenera kukhala zoyera komanso zowongoka komanso zokhala ndi mbali zonse, osati zopindika.

Sikulimbikitsidwa kugula nsomba ndi zizindikiro za kutayika kwa magazi m'mitsempha ndi thupi. Pasakhale kuwonongeka kwa thupi la nsomba. Nsomba zimasambira popanda kuponyedwa mwadzidzidzi, ndikuyenda mozungulira ndikugwedeza khwangwala. Ndikofunikira kusankha nsomba zazing'ono zokha; zimatha kulekerera kusintha kosinthika kwa aquarium yatsopano ndi kupsinjika pakuyenda.

Momwe mungasankhire nsomba zam'madzi kuti zikugwirizana

Popewa kuwonekera kwa nsomba mu nsomba, munthu sangathe kugula mitundu yayikulu ndi yaying'ono kuti asungire pamodzi. Pali ana ang'onoang'ono komanso nsomba zazikulu za mtundu womwewo. Ndikofunikanso kuti nsomba ndizofanana posankha chakudya ndi kutentha kwa madzi.

Kapangidwe ka madzi ka hydrochemical sikofunikira kwambiri pakusunga nsomba ndipo ndikofunikira panthawi yakubzala kwawo. Nthawi zambiri, mumsika wa nkhuku, mosiyana ndi malo ogulitsa ziweto, momwe nsomba zamitundu yodziwika zimatha kutumizidwa kunja, nsomba zofanana zofanizira zomwe amakonda ndi zomwe zidapangidwapo kale zidapangidwa kale chifukwa zimagulitsidwa kuchokera kumadzi am'madzi omwewo.

Kuyendetsa nsomba

Kuphatikiza pakutha kusankha nsomba, muyenera kuziperekanso kunyumba kwanu. Ponyamula nsomba, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito: matumba apulasitiki, zotengera zapulasitiki zotheka, zidebe, mitsuko yagalasi, matenthedwe okhala ndi khosi lalikulu, etc. Chofunikira mukamayendetsa nsomba ndikupewa kuperewera kwa mpweya ndi kusiyanasiyana kwa kutentha.

Ngati mukuyembekeza ulendo wautali wobwerera kunyumba, onetsetsani kuti mwabweretsa aerator ndi thermometer kuti muyeze kutentha kwa madzi. Osagula nsomba zochuluka kwambiri kuti aziwanyamula mumtsuko yaying'ono. Poganizira za aerator, mtsuko wa lita sayenera kuwerengetsa nsomba zopitilira ziwiri zotalika kuposa 3 cm.

Amakhulupirira kuti nthawi yomwe nsomba zimasandutsidwa, kusiyana kwa kutentha sikuyenera kufika 1 ... 2 ° madigiri, ndipo panthawi ya mayendedwe, kuziziritsa pang'onopang'ono kapena kutentha kwa madzi sikuyenera kupitirira 3 ... 4 ° madigiri. Koma zinthu ngati izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kuzitsatira ndipo nthawi zambiri sizitsatiridwa.

M'nyengo yozizira, chisamaliro chimayenera kutetezedwa kuti kutentha kusungidwe muzotengera. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kukulunga botolo ndi thonje kapena thonje lofunda ndikutenga thermos ndi madzi ofunda limodzi ndi inu ngati mungafunike kutentha. M'chilimwe, kupewa kupsa mtima, thanki yomwe ili ndi nsomba iyenera kusungidwa mumthunzi wokha.

Pa kayendedwe ka nsomba ndikofunikira kuwayang'anira nthawi zonse. Ngati nsombayo ikafika pamtunda, ndiye kuti yayamba kufa ndi njala, ndipo pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa madzi posachedwa pogwiritsa ntchito buku lazoyang'anira kapena zozungulira.

Nthawi yabwino yogula nsomba ndi theka lachiwiri la chilimwe kapena chiyambi cha nthawi yophukira. Monga lamulo, nsomba pakadali pano zimagulitsa zathanzi komanso zokhwima pa chakudya chamoyo.Komanso, kunyamula nsomba nthawi iyi ya chaka ndikosavuta komanso kotetezeka.

Kugawa nsomba zam'madzi

Ngati munagulanso madzi okhala m'madzi anu, nsomba izi zimangofunika kuti muzikhala mokha. Kuti mupewe kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha, komwe kumapita kumalo omwe nsomba ikupezeka sitha kumasulidwa nthawi yomweyo mu aquarium.

Ndikofunikira kuyambira pachiyambi kuti ndikwaniritse kutentha kwa madzi mu thanki yoyendetsedwa pamiyeso yofananira ndi kutentha kwa madzi mu malo okhala. Izi zitha kuchitika pang'onopang'ono powonjezera madzi pachidebe chonyamulidwa kuchokera ku malo okhala pansi pamadzi. Chifukwa chokhala kwaokha kuti nsomba za aquarium ndizofunikira komanso momwe zingapangidwire, werengani mwatsatanetsatane mu buku langa loti "Quarantine for aquarium nsomba".

Malangizo abwino posankha aquarium malinga ndi kukula kwake, mawonekedwe ake ndi zida zake

Kukhala ndi chikhumbo choyaka choyambitsa nsomba za ku aquarium, muyenera kuyandikira mosamala masankhidwe am'madzi, zida zake kapenanso kusankha nsomba. Udindo wofunikira pakusankhidwa kwake umaseweredwa ndi mawonekedwe, kusamuka, kuchuluka ndi kuchuluka kwa okhalamo. Munkhaniyi, tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane momwe mungasankhire moyenera malo am'madzi, zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana mukamagula nsomba ndi zina.

Zomwe zili bwino kusankha kwa oyamba kumene

Musanasankhe nyumba yam'mawa yopanga nsomba zinthu zambiri zofunika kuziganizira:

Musaiwale za malo oyenerera am'madzi. Sichiyenera kuyikidwa dzuwa.

Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu pakusankha aquarium:

ikasankhidwa ngati zokongoletsera. Apa, nthawi zambiri, zimakopeka ndi mawonekedwe a chinthucho, zida zomwe amapanga, kusankha kwa okongola komanso okongola. Oyambitsa pankhaniyi nthawi zambiri amakhala opanda zolakwika. Popeza amasankha nyumba yokhala nsomba, zomwe zingagwirizane kwambiri ndi mkati mwachipindacho. Ndipo samalingalira nthawi zonse momwe zingakhalire zabwino kukhalamo anthu okhalamo,
pamene akasinja a nsomba amasankhidwa molingana ndi maluwa ndi nyama, pamenepa, ndikofunikira kuganizira kuchuluka kwa nsomba, mitundu yawo, malo okhala, masamba, komanso kufanana kwa zinthu. Imaganiza mopitirira kuchuluka kwa thanki, zida, zofunikira pakugwirizana kwa zinthu zam'madzi.

Palibe lingaliro linalake pakusankha kampani. Makampani onse ndi oyenera ndipo khalidwe limatsimikizika mwamaonekedwe.

Voliyumu ndi kukula kwake zimasankhidwa molondola

Za kukula ndi kuchuluka kwake, ndikofunikira kuganizira:

malo nsomba ndi zomela
kuchuluka kwakakonzedwa,
ntchito yogwira aquarium.

Mukamasankha kuchuluka kwa chidebe cha nsomba, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana m'lifupi, kutalika ndi kuya kwake. Kupatula apo, Aquarium imatha kukhala yayitali, yopapatiza komanso yopanda. Kenako nsomba imakhala yosasangalatsidwa nawo. Mukamasankha kukula kwa malonda, muziganizira kaye zofunikira zanu zonse. Ndikofunika kupatsa chidwi pazinthu zakuya kwambiri.

Ponena za kuchuluka, zimatengera ndi kuchuluka kwa nsomba zomwe mungathamangiremo.

Chidwi: yokulirapo yam'madzi, yosavuta yosamalira.

Koma obwera kumene mu bizinesi iyi, pazifukwa zina, amakonda zinthu zazing'ono kwambiri, zomwe ndi zolakwika zawo zazikulu.

Aquarium malita 10-20 ndi okhalamo

Oyamba sayenera kusankha zida zing'onozing'ono za nsomba. Popeza ndizovuta kwambiri kusamalira okhala mmenemo. Ndi voliyumu yotere, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala momwe kupangira kwa oxygen kumapangidwira. The compressor m'matumba ang'onoang'ono azigwira ntchito nthawi yonseyo. Komanso, ndalamazi, ndizoyenera kutsatira kwambiri kuchuluka kwa okhalamo. Payenera kukhala ochepa a iwo.

Chidwi: ocheperako kuchuluka kwa madzi am'madzi, kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kukhazikitsa njira yoyeretsera madzi mwa iyo.

Kwa oyamba kumene, asitikali am'madzi amalangizidwa kuti azigula makontena okhala ndi malita osachepera 30.

Ngati munagula pasadakhale kapena kukupatsani mankhwala opangira malita 10-20 amadzi, ndiye muyenera kuyandikira mosamala. Mutha kuthamangitsa nsomba zingapo zing'onozing'ono:

ma kardini angapo. Siwosangalatsa kuti asamalire komanso akhale ndi utoto wowala,
zebrafish Ali ndi mitundu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Anthu okhala pamadziyi ndi mafoni, oseketsa komanso oseketsa,
neon. Pali mitundu pafupifupi 150 ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ambiri omwe ndi nsomba zofiira komanso zamtambo.

Pansomba yaying'ono mutha kuwonjezera shirimpu zingapo.

Guppy

Msodzi wosasamala kwambiri komanso wokometsetsa nsomba yaying'ono. Kwa ambiri, chidwi chokhala m'madzi chimayamba ndi ma guppies. Pulumuka mu aquarium popanda chosungira ndi kusefa. Nsomba zazing'ono zimasungidwa m'gulu la anthu osakwana 5. Zosagwirizana komanso zopanda mawonekedwe.

Neons

Nsomba yachiwiri yotchuka kwambiri ndi neon. Zodabwitsa, zokongola nsomba, koma amanyazi pang'ono komanso amasamala kusinthasintha kwa madzi, komanso matenda. Mu aquarium yokhazikika, gulu la neon limatha kukhala zaka zingapo popanda mavuto, koma mwatsopano limatha kusungunuka m'miyezi yochepa. Ma tetras ena ang'onoang'ono, amanyazi omwewo, ngati sawasunga m'gulu la anthu khumi, ndipo ndibwino kuti mugule pambuyo pake.

Barbus

Kukula kwa ma barbs sikupita masentimita 10. Mwachangu nsomba zophunzitsira zimakhala zowopsa kwa anansi ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi ziphuphu zazitali. Amakhala m'malo otetemera okhala ndi oyandikana nawo. Nsomba zodziwika bwino kwambiri zam'madzi - Sumatransky barbus ndi barbus wokhala ndi chitumbuwa.

Macropod

Nsomba za Aquarium mpaka 10cm kutalika ndi mawonekedwe osaiwalika. Amadziwika kuti ndi paradiso. Ma macro fin caudal fin amasiyanitsidwa ndi kukula kwake kwakukulu ndi mawonekedwe ake. Mamba amawala m'kuwala, opepuka. Wovuta komanso wankhanza, ndi makolo osamala.

Cockerels

Mitundu yokhala ndi zipsepse zamtambo zokhala ndi mitundu yambiri. Kutalika kwa thupi masentimita 6. Kufunafuna madzi oyera, osatinyo. Samalirani kuyanjana ndi oyandikana nawo. Nsomba zolimbana ndizovuta kuzimitsa pang'ono, cichlids, ndi zina zomwe zimadyanso. Mikangano yapakati pa abambo sichachilendo.

Acanththalmus

Nsomba zokhala ndi thupi la njoka mpaka 10c kutalika. Kukhala wa banja la matumba. Patulani nthawi pofunafuna chakudya pakati pa dothi, othandizira kuyeretsa m'madzi. Kuzindikirika ndi mtundu wachikaso chofiirira ngati ma mphete ozungulira thupi. Kusakhalako kwa masikelo kumapangitsa acanthophthalmus kukhala pachiwopsezo cha mankhwala. Mitundu ya kul ndi ma geners ndiyotchuka.

Lyalius

Mwamtendere eni ake a labu la kupumulira kwa labyrinth. Zimafunikira kukonzedwa pafupipafupi kwa aquarium ndi madzi ambiri. Kuyeretsa panthaka ndi kusintha kwa madzi kwa nthaka kuonetsetsa kuti a Lalius akukhala bwino. Amakula mpaka 8 cm, wopentedwa ndi mitundu yamtambo wamtambo wobiriwira ndi lalanje.

Gourami

Zovomerezeka pamtunda wam'madzi okwanira 80 malita. Gourami amafunikira chisamaliro mosamala kuposa abale wamba wamba. Ziweto zomwe zimakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndizothandiza. Marble, ngale gourami, utawaleza ndi golide zimakonda kwambiri gourami. Kuchitidwa nkhanza kwa amuna.

Cichlids

M'mabanja acichlids mitundu yoposa 2,000. Nthawi zambiri zodyera komanso zam'madera, samalira ana. Ma cichlids amafunikira. Samalani ndikugwirizana kwa okhala m'derali ndikusungidwa kwaukhondo wa posungira. Zoyeserera zazing'ono kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, ma scalars ndi ma cichlases amtambo wakuda, ndizopadera.

Angelfish

Ma cichlids opanga ma diamondi ofika 15 cm. Zimayenda bwino komanso mwaulemu. Angelofish amakonda chakudya cham'mimba chomwe chili ndi mapuloteni ambiri. Kutentha ndi madigiri 22-26, kuyatsa kowala ndi madzi oyera afunikira.

Cichlazoma wakuda

Amatchedwanso kuti mikwingwirima ya cichloma. Yaikulu, khalani m'madzi kuchokera 100 malita. Mtundu wamizeremizere umakopa chidwi. Kusamalira kwawo kumaphatikizapo kudyetsa nthawi ndi nthawi, kubwezeretsa madzi ndikuwunika. Zosokoneza pa kutulutsa.

Somiki

Maonekedwe a mphaka ndiwodziwika, anthu ambiri amakonda mawonekedwe awo amtendere. Mopanda chidwi ndi chakudya komanso kukonza, nsomba za mphaka zimatha kupirira komanso kuchita zinthu mwamphamvu. Tengani nawo mbali yoyeretsa zakumadzi zopanda chakudya ndi zokhala pansi. Oyandikana ndi nsomba zambiri. Ma antcistruse akulu ndi makatoni ang'onoang'ono a catfish ndiofala. Mitundu yotchuka: mahatchi amangamawanga, amabanga ndi amphaka.

Kugwirizana

Khazikitsani anthu okhala ngati momwemo mumakhwala. Osamaika zilombo zolusa komanso zokhala ndi nsomba zazikulu zomwe zimakhala zazing'ono zamtendere. Ngakhale nzika zazikulu zokhazokha zimatha kudya zing'onozing'ono mosadziwa. Makamu osamukira kusukulu amakhala oyandikana nawo oyipa amtundu wodekha komanso wosachedwa.

Chiwerengero cha nsomba zakukhazikika

Malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi ofunikira kuchuluka:

Chiwerengero cha anthu am'madzimo chimasankhidwa polingalira kuchuluka kwa madzi. 10-15% ya malo omwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zokongoletsera, mbewu ndi dothi sizimayamwa.
Nsomba zazikuluzikulu zimakhazikika m'malo otetezeka. Pamagetsi ang'onoang'ono oyenda ndi osambira ochokera ku malita 40 amafunikira.
Kuwerengera kumachitika kuchokera pakusinthana kwa oksijeni. Ngati pali mbewu ndi zina zowonjezera za mpweya, ndiye kuchuluka kwa anthu okhala m'madzimo kumachuluka. Kusungunula oksijeni, kutentha kwa madzi kumatuluka. Kuchulukana kukuwonetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa nsomba pamwambapo ngakhale zitathandizidwa bwino.
Nsomba zikamakula, ndizowononga zochuluka. Kuti mudziwe chiwerengero chovomerezeka cha anthu okhala m'mizindayo, muyeze kuchuluka kwa mankhwala a nayitrogeni komanso zosafunika m'madzi. Ziyeso zamadzi zimagulidwa m'malo ogulitsa nyama.
Mu malo osungika am'madzi ambiri, kuchuluka kwa akazi ndiochulukirapo kawiri kuposa amuna.

Malangizowa sakutengera mawonekedwe a oyimira pawokha. Msodzi aliyense wamadzi asankhe kuchuluka kwa nsomba yekha, kuwunika momwe mayendedwewo ndikupangira iwo mulingo wabwino kwambiri.

Zitsanzo

Malo okwanira 10 litari okhala ndi ma guppies 4, makatoni kapena neon.
Kwa gulu la zebrafish 4, gourami kapena lalause, thanki yama lita 20 ndi yokwanira.
Gulu la zipatso zokhala ndi zotchingira zipatso kapena zingwe zinayi zitha kukhazikika mu dziwe la lita 40.
Pa cockerel imodzi - 2 malita a madzi.
Ma buluu a angelfish, ma cichlases akuda kapena gourami wamkulu adzafunika malo okhala ndi malita 100.
Ma gourami awiri ang'ono amaikidwa mchombo cha 20 lita.
Pakukhazikitsa thukuta, anansi enawo nthawi zambiri samaganiziridwa, popeza malo omwe amapezeka mosiyanasiyana: nkhanu zimakhala pansi, ndipo ena onse amakhala mumtunda wapakati komanso wapamwamba.

Ngakhale nsomba zam'madzi zosasamala kwambiri zimalandira chisamaliro chocheperako. Nsomba zosasamala - zolengedwa zowonda komanso zosalimba.

20-50 malita

Ngati munagula malo osungirako miyala yaying'ono ndi malita 20, mutha kutulutsa cockerel kamodzi. Ndi kapangidwe koyenera, mawonekedwe oterowo adzakongoletsa bwino chilengedwe. Komanso pazinthu zamagetsi zotere, mutha kutulutsa nsomba zazing'ono: zebrafish, neon, Cardinals. Musaiwale zamasamba. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, mutha kusilira okhala m'madzi kwa nthawi yayitali.

Zofunika: m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, makhadi a Hengel ndikuwunika azikhala ndi moyo mosangalala.

M'malo ocheperako, mpaka malita 50 amadzi, mutha kupeza nsomba zotsatirazi:

cockerel. Uku ndiye malingaliro omwe ambiri amayambira pomwe amayamba. Izi nsomba zimasiyana mitundu ndi mawonekedwe. Mmodzi wotere amafunika pafupifupi malita atatu amadzi. Zotsatira zake, abambo pafupifupi 5-7 amatha kukhala m'madzi okwanira 20 litre. Koma kumbukirani, nsomba izi ndizopisa kwambiri. Ndikwabwino kupatula abambo mosiyana wina ndi mzake, popeza siabwino kwenikweni. Ndikwabwino kupeza zachikazi, koma alibe mtundu wowala kwambiri. Bzalani amuna amodzi kwa iwo. Poterepa, kudandaula ndi kupezeka kwogona. Akaziwo akatopa ndi wamwamuna wokwiyitsa, azidzabisalira,
mabaji ofiira. Izi nsomba ndizosowa kwambiri m'masitolo azitsamba. Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kubzala wamwamuna mmodzi wamwamuna ndi wamkazi,
gourami wamtunda. Munthuyu ali ndi mtundu wowala komanso wosangalala. Kuchuluka kocheperako kwa aquarium pokonza ndi matanki ochokera malita 20.

Malita 50-100

Izi ndizabwino kwa oyamba kumene.. Kupatula apo, zokulirapo la aquarium dongosolo, silikhala lovuta nalo. Poterepa, ndikofunikira kupanga molondola momwe nsomba zokhazikika ndikuyang'anira mosamala momwe zikukonzera.

Pazogulitsa zotere, mutha kudutsa anthu osiyanasiyana:

golide. Ndizotchuka kwambiri, koma zimafuna madzi ambiri pamunthu payekha. Pachinthu chopangidwa ndi malita 100, mutha kuphatikiza nsomba zitatu zokha zagolide,
gourami. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi kuyenda, mtundu wowala komanso wosangalatsa, mawonekedwe owonetsa chidwi. Ndizosangalatsa ndi zosangalatsa kuziwona,
malupanga. Pali mitundu yoposa 25 ya iwo. Izi ndi nsomba zokongola kwambiri zomwe sizifunikira chisamaliro chapadera,
cichlid. Amachita zinthu mosasamala ndipo amawoneka bwino.

Chenjezo: mutha kuwonjezera nsomba zam'madzi ku saizi iliyonse. Adzafa zotsala kuchokera pansi ndikuyeretsa galasi.

Kuyambira 100 malita

Ponena za kuchuluka kwa ma aquariums ochokera ku malita 100, njirayi ndi yoyenera kwa onse oyamba komanso akatswiri ogwira ntchito pamadzi. Muli motere:

yosavuta kutentha
Onetsetsani kuti madzi abwino ndi otani,
mutha kusakaniza nsomba zingapo,
ikani zokongoletsera ndikumeretsa zomera.

Koma pali opanda kanthu poti ndikofunikira kuteteza madzi ambiri nthawi.

Otsatirawa amakhala omasuka mu nyanja yayikulu:

Mukamasankha mawonekedwe a chinthu, muyenera kumangapo pazofunikira kwa inu: mawonekedwe a malonda kapena zomwe zili. Mwa mafomu, ma aquariums amagawidwa kukhala:

Kuzungulira. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi aesthetics komanso chiyambi. Koma zoterezi ndizovuta kuzisamalira. Nkhani zawo, sizili zazikulu. Zotengera zotere nthawi zambiri zimakhala ngati zokongoletsera. Nsomba zimakhala m'makomalo,
Zosiyanasiyana Awa ndi achikale. Ndi yabwino posunga nsomba zamitundu mitundu. Pazinthu zotere, mutha kupanga mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Kuyeretsa zitini zotere ndikosavuta kuposa zina,
Ndi galasi lopindika. Njirayi imagwirizana bwino m'chipinda chilichonse ndipo chimakhala chokongoletsera chake chachikulu. Koma galasi lopindika limasokoneza mawonekedwe a nkhani aquarium, ndipo ndizovuta kusamalira zinthu zotere,
Ngodya Ndi ergonomic komanso angwiro malo ang'onoang'ono. Njirayi imakhala chokongoletsera chabwino ku ofesi, nyumba kapena nyumba.

Zinthu zopangidwa

M'masitolo azitsamba, zinthu zopangidwa ndi acrylic zimaperekedwa nthawi zambiri. Mapindu ake akuphatikizapo:

mtengo wotsika mtengo
mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana
mphamvu ndi kudalirika
kulemera kopepuka
chisamaliro.

Koma kumbukirani Zopangidwa ndi acrylic ndizosavuta kukwapula. Zinthu zotsika mtengo zimasanduka chikaso pakapita nthawi ndipo zimataya chidwi chake.

Ubwino wazinthu zamagalasi ndizophatikizira:

kukana nkhawa zamakina,
zokongoletsa
kukonda zachilengedwe
kuwonekera

Chifukwa chiyani kuyenera kusankha nsomba?

Musanagule aquarium, muyenera kuganizira zamtundu wanji wa nsomba zomwe mukufuna kupeza. Oyamba kumene akulimbikitsidwa kuti ayambe ndi mtundu umodzi wa anthu okhala m'madzi. Awa azikhala anthu osadzichepetsa.

Mukamasankha nsomba, lingalirani kukula kwawo ndi zomwe amakonda. Mukayika nsomba zazikuluzikulu komanso zazing'ono mumtundu umodzi, zimangodya. M'pofunikanso kuganizira za mkwiyo wawo. Anthu okhala ku Flocking sangathe kuyambitsa kope limodzi. Adzangotopetsedwa, ndikuvutitsa okhala.

Ngati simukudziwa kusankha nsomba zoyenera komanso momwe mungazisamalire, yambani ndi: agalu, opanga malupanga, veiltail ndi zebrafish. Ndipo sankhani nthaka yoyenera.

Pomaliza, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ziribe kanthu mtundu wamadzi omwe mungasankhe, onse amawoneka apamwamba mkati. Ngakhale ndizovuta kusamalira chaching'ono, chimakondwera ndi chuma komanso ergonomics. Izi ndizoyenera kukonzekera nyumba yachilimwe, ofesi, nyumba.

Zazinthu zazikulu kwambiri, ndiye kuti ndizofunikira kusankha malo pasadakhale. Mmenemo mutha kuyika nsomba zochuluka, zokongoletsera ndi algae.

Komanso samalani ndi komwe mukayiyike, munkhaniyi ndinafotokoza motere.

Momwe mungasankhire nsomba zam'madzi?

Mitundu ya nsomba zam'madzi ndiyodabwitsa modabwitsa. Chifukwa chake, zitha kukhala zovuta kwambiri kwa munthu wopanda nzeru yemwe akufuna kudzaza madzi ake ndi chisankho choyenera. Ngati pali zochepa kapena osadziwa pakusunga nsomba, ndibwino kuyamba ndi mitundu yamtunduwu ya nsomba yomwe sufuna chisamaliro chapadera ndipo ingathe kukhala m'malo osiyanasiyana.

Zosiyanasiyana nsomba zam'madzi

Anthu osadzitchinjiriza am'madzi amasiyana kwambiri. Ganizirani mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya iwo.

Viviparidae

Nsomba zam'madzi zamtunduwu ndizomwe zimakhala zowuma kwambiri komanso zopanda chidwi. Nsomba zamtundu wa guppy ndizodziwika kwambiri. Amakulitsa mabanja awo mwachangu, kubereka nthawi yomweyo amatha kusambira komanso kudya mwachangu. Koma kuti makolo asazunze ana awo, atangobereka ayenera kusamutsidwira kwina. Ngati sizingatheke kubzala mwachangu mu malo am'madzi ena, mutha kupanga zitseko zazitali za nsomba mu nsomba zazikuluzikulu zomwe nsomba zimatha kubisala.

Wina wotchuka m'madzi amtunduwu ndi Pecilia. Sangokhala osiyana ndi moyo wam'mbuyomu, koma mawonekedwe ake ndi akulu. Nsomba zokhala m'madzi kuchokera kumaonekedwe a Swordsmen zimawoneka zochititsa chidwi kwambiri. Ali ndi ndondomeko yabwino yowoneka ngati lupanga. Kukula kwa matupi awo ndiokulirapo pang'ono kuposa mtundu wa nsomba zam'mbuyo.

Mollinesia - awa ndi anthu okhala m'madzi omwe amafunikira chisamaliro chapadera, koma osati zochuluka. Kuphatikiza pa chakudya chowuma chokhazikika, amafunikira zakudya zamasamba. Amakhalanso ndi chizolowezi chodya nyama zamtchire, chifukwa chomwe chilengedwe cha aquarium chimayeretsedwa panthawi.

Ma bar

Nsomba zodziwika bwino zam'madzi za banja lino ndi Sumatran Barbus. Izi nsomba zimasambira m'matumba ndipo ndizokongola kwambiri. Kusamalira nkhosa zawo kumafunikira malo akuluakulu, chifukwa amakonda kusambira mtunda wautali. Nthawi zambiri nsomba zamtunduwu zimakhala ndi mitundu yopindika, ngakhale pali zosiyana. Amathanso kusungidwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, awiriawiri kapena mosawerengeka, ndiye kuti palibe chifukwa chokhalira chachikulu. M'masamba akuluakulu, shark barbus imva bwino kwambiri. Kwa malo omwe amakhala, pakufunika malita pafupifupi mazana awiri. Masamba a Cherry ndi amtali nawonso amadzimva kukhala abwino mu malo ocheperako am'madzi.

Muthanso kuwerengera zamtunduwu wa nsomba zopanda chidwi ku aquarium:

Muyeneranso kudziwa momwe mtundu kapena nsomba zingapo zimere pakati pawo.

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