Mphaka aliyense amakhala ndi mkaka payokha, chifukwa chake sungaperekedwe, osafunikiranso kukana nthawi yomweyo. Omwe amakhala ndi mwayi wofufuzira momwe ziweto zimachitira. Phindu ndi chitetezo zimatengera mtundu wa malonda, njira zopangira ndi kuchuluka kwa magwiritsidwe.

Kodi mphaka angapatse mkaka wamtundu wanji?

Kukayikira zamkaka zabwino zamkaka kumabuka pazifukwa ziwiri: kusalolera kwa lactose ndi nyama imodzi ndi ziwengo zowonjezera mapuloteni amkaka. Zotsatira zam'mbuyomu ndizosowa mumphaka, koma ngati zizindikirika ndikutsimikizika, zinthu zonse zamkaka siziphatikizidwa. Casein samawonongeka chifukwa chowiritsa, kuwotcha, kupesa, ndi ziwengo sikugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Komanso, simungapereke mkaka limodzi ndi chakudya chouma, izi zimapangitsa kuti chimbudzi chichepetse komanso kuperewera kwa mayamwidwe.

Kusalolera wa lactose kumakhala kofala, koma osati amphaka zonse. Enzyme ya lactase imayambitsa kuthana kwa zotulutsa. Amapangidwa ndimatumbo kuyambira pobadwa. Ndikusintha kwa chakudya cholimba, mapangidwe a enzyme amachepa kapena amathera.

Amphaka akuluakulu, kupanga lactase ndi kosiyana, kotero ena amamwa mkaka popanda zotsatira, ena amakula ndi dysbiosis, ena amalekerera mkaka ngati adya pafupipafupi komanso pang'ono.

Momwe nyamayo imatsimikiziridwira mwamphamvu. Choyamba, yesani kuyeserera kuposa kung'ung'udza. Pakusanza, kudzimbidwa, ndi kutsegula m'mimba, mkaka umapatula. Pokhapokha pakuyipa, gawo limakulitsidwa pang'onopang'ono, onetsetsani kuti mungapatse bwanji nyama popanda kuvulaza.

Mukamadyetsa, sungani zoletsa:

• Mulingo watsiku ndi tsiku ndi 10-15 ml pa 1 kg wolemera.
• Mafuta oyenera ndi 2.5%.
• Asanadye, mkaka amabweretsedwa firiji.
• Saphika mafuta nkudziwa kuti ng'ombeyo siidwala.
• Alumali kuwira sikufunika, imapita kumashelefu pambuyo pa chithandizo cha kutentha.
• Mbuzi kapena nkhosa ndizosavuta kugaya, ndizoyenera amphaka omwe ali ndi chifuwa cha mkaka wa ng'ombe. Palibe casein mmenemo.

Mwa magawo 200, calcium, amino acid, omega mafuta acids, ndi mavitamini ndizofunikira amphaka. Ngati chiweto sichilola mkaka mu mawonekedwe ake oyenera, yesetsani kudyetsa mkaka wokhazikika. Siwotsika pophatikizika, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zochepa chifukwa cha mabakiteriya amkaka amkaka, omwe pang'ono ndi pang'ono amatulutsa lactose.

Izi ndi zinthu zamkaka zomwe amphaka angapereke:

Mapuloteni amkaka sadzalowa m'malo mwa mapuloteni a nyama, kotero zakudya siziyenera kupangidwa ndizopanga mkaka zokha.

Kodi amphaka amafunikira zamkaka?

Kufunika kophatikiza mkaka wokaka ndi mkaka (pafupipafupi) m'zakudya za mphaka zimalamulidwa ndi zina zake zofunikira, monga:

• lactose,
• ma amino acid apadera
• nyama mapuloteni
• kufufuza zinthu
• mafuta acid.

Lactose - glucose ndi mamolekyulu a galactose amatenga nawo mbali pakubadwa kwa chakudya chachilengedwe ichi. Shuga wachilengedwe amapezeka muzinthu zonse za mkaka, kuphatikiza kefir, kanyumba tchizi, Whey ndi mkaka womwe. Ngati lactose singatengeredwe ndi thupi, ili ndi vuto la mphaka, koma si onse omwe amafunika kulimba.

Ma Amino acid - alipo 20 okha, ndipo 8 mwa iwo sangasinthidwe ndi zowonjezera kapena mankhwala azitsamba.

Mapuloteni anyama - sangathenso kupanga kapangidwe kanyumba kapena kupeza mawonekedwe ofanana ndi mbewu.

Tsatani zinthu - mu zinthu zamkaka ndizoyenera momwe mungathere. Potaziyamu ndi calcium amafunika kuthandizidwa ndi phosphorous, ndipo sodium "wokonzeka" kuwola pokhapokha mwa kukakamizidwa kwa zinthu zina. Kuchepetsa chilengedwe, kuwonjezera kukonzekera kwa mankhwala ndi sodium / calcium ku chakudya sikugwira ntchito: mwa mawonekedwe awo oyera adzakwiyitsa kuyika kwa miyala ya impso.

Mafuta acids - amapatsa mkaka (ndi zotumphukira zake) kukoma kosangalatsa, kumakhala mavitamini A ndi D, lecithin ndi cholesterol, popanda thupi sangakhale moyo. Cholesterol imathandizira pa "kumasulidwa" kwa vitamini D ndipo imakhudzidwa ndi njira zambiri zamahomoni.

Zinthu mkaka wowawasa

Amayambitsidwa muzakudya zomwe zimapangitsa kuti m'mimba mwa mphaka musakhale mkaka wowerengeka, ndikupatsa chikho ku kefir ndi tchizi chinyumba. Yotsirizirayi ili ndi calcium yambiri, yomwe imayang'anira thanzi la malaya ndi minofu yamafupa, kuphatikizapo mano ndi zibwano.

Zinthu zamkaka zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri:

• zopezeka ndi njira ya lactic nayonso mphamvu - yogati, bifidok, kanyumba tchizi, mkaka wowotchera, yogati, wowawasa zonona,
• opangidwa ndi kuphatikiza Fermentation (lactic acid + mowa) - kousoci ndi kefir.

"Mkaka wowawasa" wa gulu loyambalo utha kuwukhira patebulo la mphaka nthawi yomweyo, ngati uli ndi tsiku lotha ntchito.

Musanagwire mphaka ndi kefir, yang'anani tsiku lakapangidwe: masiku ochulukirachulukirapo omwe malonda ali nawo, mphamvu yake ndi kuchuluka kwake kwa mpweya woipa. Mu kefir wachinyamata, osapitirira 0,07% ethyl mowa, wopsa - pafupifupi 0.88%.

Zofunika! Mitundu yonse iwiri ya kefir imasiyana pakachitidwe kokhudza thupi la mphaka: achichepere (osapitirira masiku 2) amayamba kufooka, kukhwima (kupitirira masiku awiri) - kumalimbikira. Ngati chiweto chikufuna kudzimbidwa, mpatseni kefir watsopano. Ngati m'mimba muli ofooka, wakale umalimbikitsidwa, pokhapokha mphaka atatembenukira madzi amadzimadzi ambiri.

Pankhaniyi, biokefir yofewa imapulumutsa, momwe mabakiteriya achilengedwe (nthawi zambiri acidophilus bacillus) amawonjezeredwa. Ma probiotic usawa microflora ndi kutsekula m'mimba / kudzimbidwa ndi zinthu zakale.

Zamkaka mafuta okhutira

Mphaka umadyetsedwa ndi zinthu zamafuta, osapitirira kuchuluka kwamafuta:

• tchizi tchizi - mpaka 9%,
• yogati, kefir, mkaka wowotchera, yogurt yachilengedwe - mpaka 3.5%,
• kirimu wowawasa - 10%, koma ayenera kuchepetsedwa (1/1) ndi madzi ofunda.

Tchizi zonse nthawi zambiri zimakhala zamafuta, ndichifukwa chake amphaka amatsutsana. Kupatulako ndi mitundu yopanda mtundu wa Adyghe, koma amapatsidwanso mozama m'magawo ang'onoang'ono.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti amphaka, monga anthu, ali ndi thanzi losiyanasiyana, ndipo zomwezi zimapangitsa kuti zisamachitike. Nthawi zina ngakhale zakudya zopanda mkaka wowawasa zambiri zimayambitsa matenda otsegula m'mimba, komabe, siziyenera m'malo mwa zina zopanda mafuta. Ingochotsani malonda, omwe amabweretsa m'mimba.

Zofunika! Amphaka sayenera kudyetsedwa ndi zinthu zilizonse zotsekemera zamkaka, kuphatikiza tchizi cha curd ndi yogurts yodzaza. Ma Enzoni omwe amapezeka m chinyama sichitha kugaya chakudya.

Kodi mkaka wamphaka

Ngati mukuyenera kudyetsa ana amphaka akhanda, yesani kuwateteza ku mkaka wa ng'ombe yonse.

Inde, kupukusa kwa makanda kwa ana (poyerekeza ndi amphaka akuluakulu) ndikoyenera kwambiri kwa mayamwidwe a lactose, koma pali zinthu zina zomwe ziyenera kukumbukiridwa:

• cham'mimba yanyini, mkakawu umakhala ndi ma calorie ambiri komanso "wolemera",
• mu mkaka kuchokera kwa ng'ombe yokhala ndi pakati pali zotumphukira zambiri (zotupa za akazi) zomwe zimavulaza thupi losalimba.
• ngati mphaka wamkati sutha kuthana ndi lactose, ziyembekezerani kutsekula m'mimba kapena chifuwa,
• Ng ombe ikalandira maantibayotiki (kapena mankhwalawa), imayenera kuyamwa, kuyamwa, ngakhale pang'ono kwambiri, dysbiosis,
• pamodzi ndi mkaka, mankhwala ophera udzu / chakudya chomwe chidadyetsa ng'ombe imalowe mthupi,
• shopu mkaka, makamaka wosakhwima komanso wowonda kwambiri, osavomerezeka chifukwa chothandiza.

Kodi mkaka ungakhale mphaka wachikulire?

Ndibwino kuti ambiri opaka mkaka, mwakachetechete, samvetsetsa zolankhula za anthu (kapena kunamizira kuti sakumvetsa). Angadabwe kwambiri kudziwa kuti madzi oyera oyera ngati amenewa ndi ovulaza thanzi lawo, koma mwina sangasiye kumwa.

M'malo mwake, palibe choletsa chotsimikizika pamkaka pa amphaka, chifukwa nyama iliyonse yachikulire imasunga enzyme yomwe imayambitsa kuphwanya kwa lactose. Ndipo zosagwirizana ndi mkaka (makamaka, zimbudzi zotayidwa) zimawonedwa mumphaka zomwe zili ndi zotsika za enzyme iyi, mosemphanitsa.

Ngati chiweto chanu chagaya mkaka bwino, osam'lepheretsa chisangalalochi, koma kuwerengera izi motere: 10-15 ml pa 1 kg yolemera.

Iwo omwe amalangizira kuti achotse mkaka pamakina aziweto, amapereka chitsimikizo chimodzi - kuthengo, amphaka samamwa.

Koma tisaiwale kuti kudya nyama zomwezomwe zimasinthidwa zimadalira malo omwe amakhalamo: muzoyambitsa zochitika, amadya mosiyanasiyana kuposa kuthengo.

Zofunika! Upangiri wopatsa mphaka, m'malo mwa mkaka wa ng'ombe, nkhosa kapena mbuzi sikuti ndizomveka. Mkaka wa mbuzi / wa nkhosa suchepa, ndipo ngati mphaka silivomereza mapuloteni amkaka, iyi ndi njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli. Ponena za shuga la mkaka, silochepa kwambiri mkaka wa mbuzi - 4.5%. Poyerekeza: ng'ombe - 4,6%, mu nkhosa - 4,8%.

Ngati mukufuna kupatsa katemera mkaka osagaya bwino, tengani chinthu china chapadera: mkaka wokhala ndi gawo lactose, wopangidwa molingana ndi maphikidwe apadera. Mutha kupezanso m'malo mwa mkaka, pomwe shuga wa mkaka kulibe, koma izi sizofunika kupatsidwa pafupipafupi.

Ngati mukukhumba ndi nthawi, konzekerani mkaka wako wa mohito mojito posakaniza 100 ml ya yogati, mailosi anayi a zinziri, ndi 80 ml ya madzi ndikulimbitsa mkaka uliwonse.

Zotsutsana zonse za ndi mkaka

Pafupifupi, chamoyo china chomwe chimakana lactose chimatha kukhala mdani wa mkaka. Ngati palibe ziwopsezo ndi matenda otsekula m'mimba, mphaka wochokera mkaka wa ng'ombe ndiwosangalatsa komanso phindu: mavitamini, mapuloteni, amino acid, lecithin, ofunikira,, koposa zonse, amafufuza zinthu.

Inde, ndibwino kudyetsa mphaka ndi mkaka wam'mudzi (famu), koma, chifukwa chosowa, mugule zinthu zomwe mumadalira.

Ubwino wa mkaka wa ma kittens

Zachidziwikire, m'maganizo a ambiri, chithunzi chokhazikitsidwa chidakhazikika: kitten ikuboweka mkaka kuchokera ku sosi. Pankhaniyi, chilichonse ndicholondola kuchokera ku lingaliro lasayansi - ma kittens kuyambira pobadwa mpaka mwezi amafunikira mkaka, koma amayi okha, amphaka.

Silingafanane ndi ng'ombe kapena phukusi lomwe limapangidwa, chifukwa kapangidwe kazakudya komweko ndizosiyana kotheratu. Mochulukitsa, ma kittens amatha kupatsidwa cholowa m'malo mwa mkaka wa pakat - amamugulitsa m'masitolo azamanyama.

Ndi mkaka wa ng'ombe, zonse ndizophweka - ndizoyenera kudyetsa ana a ng'ombe, osati ana. Ndipo anthu samadyetsa ana awo mkaka wa ng'ombe kuyambira pakubadwa pazifukwa zomwezo.

Makanda achichepere amatha kuyamba kuphunzira mkaka ndikusinthira ku zakudya za "wamkulu" pofika chaka chimodzi. Komanso, mkaka ukhoza kutha pachakudya chawo, monga chinthu chofunikira.

Zoti amphaka akuluakulu safuna mkaka

Kukula kuchokera ku m'badwo wa "makanda", thupi la mphaka limataya mphamvu kuti ligwetse mkaka kukhala mashupi osavuta, chifukwa amasiya kutulutsa enzyme yotchedwa lactase, yomwe imayamwa mayamwidwe amkaka (ndipo makamaka lactose mmenemo).

Mashupi oyeretsedwa a lactose mumatimu amapakidwa m'mitsempha mwakachetechete, pomwe nyama zapamwamba zimakhalabe m'mimba.

Zomwe zimachitika motere sizosangalatsa kwambiri kwa mphaka - nayonso mphamvu ya zinthu zopanda mafuta imayamba, kupangidwa kwamphamvu kwa mpweya, kutulutsa, ndipo chifukwa chake, kutsegula m'mimba.

Mwachidule, mutamwa mkaka, pakapita kanthawi, chiweto chofiyacho sichingafikire kuchimbudzi ndipo sichikhala ndi mlandu. Simungathe kumulipira mphaka chifukwa cha zinthu zotere, muyenera kungokumbukira kuti mkaka umaperekedwa chifukwa cha thupi.

"Ngati simungathe, koma mufunadi ku ..."

Inde, sikuti mphaka aliyense akamamwa mkaka amene angamve motero. Nyama zina zimamwa mkaka modekha, ndipo sizimawoneka. Zowona, kutsimikiza bwino lomwe zomwe zikuchitika mkati mwa mphaka ndizosathekabe. Mosazindikira, titha kunena kuti casein ndi mapuloteni osungidwamo omwe amapezeka zimatha kuyambitsa mavuto.

Njira yabwino kwambiri ndiyogula mkaka wopanda lactose. Koma, ngati mphaka wadzipangira kale kuti ndi “zosagwirizana ndi mkaka”, mutha kuwononga ndi mkaka kokha nthawi ndi nthawi, osasinthira kukhala mwambo watsiku ndi tsiku.

Kuphatikiza apo, mulibe madzi amkaka, koma pali zopatsa mphamvu zambiri, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo pafupipafupi kumatha kubweretsa kunenepa kwambiri. Koma kupezeka kwa madzi akumwa, makamaka mukamwa mkaka, ndikofunikira pa thanzi la chiweto.

Osayiwala kukonda, lembani ndemanga zanu ndikulembetsa panjira yathu. Kwa ife izi zitha kukhala zabwino kwambiri kutulutsidwa kwa zida zatsopano!

Komanso werengani zathutsamba! Pali zolemba zosangalatsa komanso zothandiza!

Kodi amphaka angafunike mkaka?

Palibe amene akutsutsana ndi mkaka wa ng ombe chifukwa cha thupi la munthu. Koma mozungulira ngati amphaka akufunika mkaka, pamakhala kutsutsana pakati pa veterinarians ndi eni mphaka. Palibe yankho limodzi ku funso ili.

Palibenso mgwirizano pakati pa veterinarians ndi eni eni amphaka za ngati ziweto zawo zikufuna mkaka

Kodi kumwa mkaka kumakhudza bwanji mphaka wamkulu?

Mbali imodzi, izi zili ndi zothandiza zambiri:

• lactose ndi casein,
• mafuta acid,
• michere
• mapuloteni otsika kwambiri
• mavitamini (A, D, E, K, C, B1, B2),
• mchere (Ca, K, Cl, Na, Mg, F, etc.),
• ma amino acid, etc.

Zinthu zonsezi ndizothandiza komanso zopanda pake. Popanda cholesterol yabwino, lecithin, komanso mavitamini D ndi A, palibe chamoyo chomwe chitha kugwira ntchito bwino, chifukwa amatenga nawo mbali pakapangidwe ka mahomoni, zimakhudza mkhalidwe wa malaya ndi khungu.

Mkaka umakhala ndi michere yambiri

Koma mbali inayi, kuthengo, amphaka amadzimva kuti ali ndi chakudya chopanda mkaka mu chakudya chawo, kupatula, mkaka wa amayi-amphaka masabata oyamba amoyo wawo. Osati zokhazo, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi amphaka akuluakulu ambiri ndi amphaka, lactose (yomwe nthawi zina imatchedwa shuga mkaka), yomwe imapangidwa kuchokera ku burenki, sikuti imangolekeredwa ndi dongosolo logaya chakudya.

Mumphaka zazing'ono, mpaka pafupifupi milungu 11 mpaka 12 ya moyo, thupi limatulutsa lactase, enzyme yomwe imaphwanya shuga mkaka. Akamakula, kupanga enzymeyo kumachepa (ndipo mwa anthu ena kumaimiriratu), kumapangitsa kuti pakhale vuto lactose (hypolactosia). Nthawi zambiri izi zimawonetsedwa mchakudya cham'mimba cha chiweto, kutsekula m'mimba, kutulutsa magazi, kuchuluka kwa kapangidwe ka gasi ndi zizindikiro zina zosasangalatsa.

Amphaka ambiri amatenga m'mimba kuchokera mkaka

M'masitolo ogulitsa nyama, komanso m'masitolo akuluakulu, mutha kupeza zinthu zamkaka zokhala ndi lactose yocheperako kapena popanda iyo. Mkaka wotere umasunga zakudya zonse zachilengedwe, koma sizimayambitsa zotsatira zosasangalatsa mu zinyama pakugwiritsa ntchito.

Mkaka wopanda lactose ukhoza kupezeka wogulitsa.

Kuphatikiza apo, mkaka umakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo (kuyambira 62 kcal pa 100 g), omwe ndi osavomerezeka kwa amphaka. Chifukwa chakudya chopanda thanzi, nyama yokhala pansi, makamaka yozunguliridwa kapena yofiyidwa, imatha kulemera.

Kumwa mkaka kwambiri kumatha kuyambitsa kulemera.

Mutha kudziwa kuti chiweto chanu chimalekerera mkaka chifukwa cha chopondapo chake. Ngati ndi madzi, ndiye kuti lactose samayamwa nawo. Kuchulukitsa kwa enzyme yonyansa kumatha kuyambitsa kupangika kwa gasi kwambiri ndikufalikira mumphaka, zomwe zimamupangitsa kukhala osasangalala mphindi zambiri komanso kuvutika.

Kuchokera pakukhathamira mkaka, mphaka amayamba kutulutsa, zomwe zimamupangitsa kuti azivutika kwambiri

Mu chipatala cha Chowona Zanyama, mutha kudutsa kusintha kwapadera pa kulekerera ndi kusowa kwa ziwengo pazinthu zamkaka.

Chifukwa chiyani amphaka ena amamwa mkaka mu kuchuluka kulikonse

Zamoyo zonse ndizosiyana ndi amphaka ndizosiyana ndi izi. Ena a iwo mwakachetechete komanso mosangalala kwambiri amatenga madzi oyera a kalori yambiri, osakumana ndi zovuta zilizonse komanso amakhala ndi vuto la kunenepa kwambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti lactase mthupi lawo imapangidwa nthawi zonse moyenera, ndikuthandizira kuyamwa mokwanira mkaka wa mkaka.

Amphaka ena amamwa mkaka wopanda malire.

Zimangodalira nzeru za chibadwidwe cha amayi: ngati mphaka wanu amamwa mkaka popanda kusokoneza thanzi lake komanso thanzi, ndiye kuti thupi lake lanzeru limatulutsa china chothandiza kuchokera kwa iye.

Mphaka wathu samamwa mkaka kuyambira ali mwana kwambiri. Tinayesetsa kumpatsa mitundu yambiri. Poyamba, iye ankangomwa mkaka wokhazikika wokhazikika kwa osungika kwa nthawi yayitali. Koma kenako anakana. Zikuwoneka kuti, nyamayo imadzimvera yokha zomwe ikusowa, ndipo popanda izi ndizosavuta kuchita.

Mkaka wa Kitten

Mwana wakhanda wamphaka wakhanda amafuna mkaka. Chilengedwe chimapereka mitundu yake yabwino monga mkaka wa mayi. Koma pali zochitika zina zosayembekezereka pamene mwana amutaya chifukwa cha kumwalira kwadzidzidzi kwa mayiyo kapena chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa matenda aliwonse am'mimbamo amphaka amwino. Mwina mphaka anangotola mumsewu, ndipo sanaphunzirebe kudya payekha.

Zitha kuchitika kuti ana agalu amasiyidwa popanda mkaka wa m'mawere

Ngati simupeza gwero lina la mkaka (namwino), muyenera kuyang'ana m'malo mwake. Mkaka wa Cow ndiwotsika mtengo kwambiri, koma umapangira ana a ng'ombe. Izi sizoyenera kwambiri ma kittens, chifukwa ndizambiri zonenepa komanso zolemera. Mkaka wa ng'ombe umalowetsedwa ndi chinthu chochepa kwambiri cha feline, motero zimamuchepetsa.

Motere, mkaka wa mbuzi ndikofunikira, chifukwa mafuta ake ndi mapuloteni amavomerezedwa ndi makina am'mimba a kittens bwino kwambiri. Koma chifukwa cha mafuta ake ambiri, amayenera kuchepetsedwa pakati ndi madzi owiritsa.

Mkaka wonse ndi wosiyana pakapangidwe

Ng'ombe yokhala ndi pakati (yoyembekezera), kuchuluka kwa mahomoni achikazi (estrogens) kumachulukitsa, zomwe zimatulutsidwa nthawi yayitali. Kuphatikiza apo, ng'ombe zambiri zimadyetsedwa m'mafakitale ophatikizidwa ndi maantibayotiki ndi zina zowonjezera. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo kuulimi kumayambitsa kuonekera kwa zinthu zopanda chitetezo izi mkaka la ng'ombe zomwe zimadya udzu wouma.

Ngati zidachitika kuti mwana wamphaka sangathe kudya kuchokera kwa mayi, ndiye kuti ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mkaka wamkaka. Ngakhale izi sizinthu zachilengedwe, ndizoyandikira kwambiri mkaka wa mphaka momwe zimapangidwira ndipo zimapangidwa bwino ndimayimidwe ang'onoang'ono.

Ma Kittens amatha kudyetsedwa m'malo mwa mkaka wa mphaka, yemwe mawonekedwe ake ali pafupi kwambiri mwachilengedwe

Mphaka wathu woyamba sanali wokonda kwambiri. Ananyalanyaza mbadwa zake zonse. Mu chisa chomwe anam'konzera, sankafuna kukhala ndi ana amphaka, kumene, sanadye. Kudya tating'onoting'ono tamadwala tambiri kunandipatsa chidwi, ndipo ndinayesera kuthiririra mkaka wa ng'ombe kuchokera paipi (panthawiyo mphaka zamkati ndi mabotolo zinali zisanapangidwe). Koma lingaliro silinayende bwino, chifukwa ana nawonso samadziwa kumwa, amafunika kuyamwa. Ndinagwira mayi wonyalanyaza ndikumusunga pafupi ndi ana ake. Poyamba adakana, kenako adadzichepetsa ndikukhala mayi wangwiro. Osachepera, pankhani yobisa ana ake, iye analibe wofanana.

Kanema: kefir ndiyothandiza chiyani amphaka

Mukamadyetsa mphaka ndi mkaka wokhathamira, kuyang'anira ndi kusamala ziyenera kuonedwa. Ngakhale kefir imalandira chithandizo kwa omwe sawakonda osapitilira katatu pa sabata.

Zinyama sizoyenera kugaya sucrose, chifukwa chake, ndizosatheka kudyetsa mkaka wa feline wokoma ndi wowawasa, monga tchizi cha curd, yoghurts yazipatso ndi zakudya zina zotsekemera. Zabwino zotere zimakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa chiwindi ndi kapamba.

Amphaka ambiri amapembedza ayisikilimu ndi zotsekemera zotsekemera, koma simungathe kuwapatsa maswiti.

Kodi mkaka umagwirizana ndi chakudya cha mphaka?

Zakudya zamafuta opangidwa kale ndi amphaka, zonyowa komanso zowuma, ndi njira yokhazikika yopatsa thanzi komanso yokhala ndi zinthu zonse zofunikira pamoyo wonse wa ziweto. Mphaka akamadya chakudya champhaka chokha, ndiye kuti amalandira calcium yokwanira, komanso zinthu zonse zofunika kufufuza ndi mavitamini.

Kuphatikiza pa chakudya cha mphaka, madzi okha ndi omwe angakhale

Zowonjezera zofunikira pa chakudya chotere ndi madzi oyera okha.

Amasanjidwa mosamalitsa kudyetsa ziweto zapakhonde pamodzi ndi zakudya zopangidwa ndi mkaka, popeza izi zimakhala zowala ndimatenda a chiwindi komanso mawonekedwe amitundu yambiri yolimba mu impso ndi chikhodzodzo (urolithiasis).

Ndemanga za veterinarians ndi eni eni amphaka pankhani yodyetsa mkaka ndi mkaka

Ambuye adapanga mkaka wa ana aang'ono, ana, ana agalu, ndi zina zambiri. Kuti mupeze mkaka, muyenera kukhala ndi mabakiteriya apadera m'matumbo ndi m'mimba omwe amagwira ntchito iyi! Ndinadabwitsidwa kwambiri nditawerenga kamodzi kuti anthu 70. mwa akulu 100 satha kumwa mkaka pano! Ndipo siyamtundu wa matenda, koma chizolowezi, mabakiteriya, monga momwe zilili, ziyenera kutha ndi zaka .. Koma izi sizikuyenera kuchitika KUTI ziyenera kuchitika, kuti aliyense amene angazigaye, amumwetse thanzi. Pali phiri la calcium komanso zinthu zina zofunikira! Ndipo amene sakudya, amatha kumwa zinthu za mkaka, yogati, kefir, etc. Izi zikugwira ntchito kwa anthu komanso nyama !! Ngati mphaka sukudwala matenda am'mimba kuchokera mkaka, uledzeretse !! Ndipo pamper ndi kefir! Thupi laling'ono limafunikiradi calcium kuti likule ndikukhala ndi mafupa olimba !!

Amayi a Loshakoshkina

http://www.catgallery.ru/forums/index.php?showtopic=8478

Ndimapereka mkaka wophika wanga kwa amphaka anga kuchokera ku mkaka, zonona 10% "Village House" ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi mkaka wa mbuzi 2.5%.

Asia

http://mauforum.ru/viewtopic.php?p=605779

Amphaka amafunika zakudya zachilengedwe zamkaka. Koma sikuyenera kukhala mkaka. Tchizi chabwino cha kanyumba, kefir wopanda mafuta, yogati. Mphaka wachikulire amatha kudwala m'mkaka. Ngati izi sizinawonedwe, ndiye kuti kulanda mphaka wa m'mkaka sikuyenera. Panokha, mphaka wanga amakonda mkaka kefir - ndipo simungathe kutsutsana nawo. Patsani zinthu zina mkaka, asiyeni asankhe. Koma izi ndi pokhapokha ngati simukuganiza zosamutsa kupita ku prom. chakudya, komwe chowonjezera mu mkaka kungayambitse kusowa kwa michere.

Dona

http://forum.33cats.ru/index.php?topic=44.0

Zopangira mkaka siziyenera kusakanikirana ndi nyama, zoperekedwa ngati chakudya chodziyimira payekha, tikulimbikitsidwa kuphatikiza ndi masamba, chimanga, mazira. Zotsatira zake, timalandira malingaliro ovomerezeka a kudyetsa ILC: chizolowezi cha mafuta ophika mkaka kwa munthu wamkulu ndi 40-80 g mafuta osaposa 9%; nthawi pakati pakudya nyama ndi maola pafupifupi 4

Cupid

http://www.britishcat.ru/forumnew/printthread.php?t=11049&pp=40

Zochitikazi ndizabwino, koma nthawi zambiri timagwiritsa ntchito mkaka wa 3.5% HYLA UHT, osachepera 1.5% ndipo nthawi zina popempha mphaka (ndife Siberians) Mkaka wopanda lactose wa Valio Zero Lactose 1.5%. Kulawa kumakhala kokoma pang'ono, koma izi ndi mtengo chifukwa "Lactase enzyme yowonjezeredwa mkaka, shuga ya mkaka (lactose) imasweka ndi 80%, i.e. Amapukusidwa kuti azisintha mosavuta shuga - glucose ndi galactose mosavuta. " Timadzigwiritsa ntchito tokha ngati chakudya tili ndi "digestibility ya mkaka wamba." Nthawi ndi nthawi ndimapereka mphaka Yogurt acidophilic zachilengedwe HYLA ndi Curd HYLA 0.3% komanso Valio yonse yopanga. Phukusi lamadzi lazopanga zamkaka izi ndikupanga mtundu wa mphaka. Izi zisanachitike, adazunzidwa kwambiri ndi mkaka wa mbuzi, ndipo adakana kumwa momwe ankakhalira mpaka anaganiza zogawana naye HYLA yomwe adagula.

Mirri_Mi

http://mauforum.ru/viewtopic.php?f=133&t=15549&sid=76b351ad89172528700fa9fc5fab35cf&start=10

Mphaka wong'ambika kuchokera kwa amayi ake (ndipo ayenera kuyamwa kuti achitike bwino mpaka miyezi iwiri, ndipo mkaka wa ng'ombe suziloza mkaka wa pakatalo), ndibwino kusapatsa mkaka, koma zinthu zopaka mkaka wopanda shuga ndi zina zonse zowonjezera: kefir, natur. yogati, tchizi chimbudzi (makamaka chofewa, kuti chikanyambite), mutha kuwonjezera yolk kapena yophika nkhuku, kapena dzira lonse la zinziri (3-6 pa sabata) ku zinthu izi kawiri pa sabata

Jasmine

http://forum.bolen-kot.net.ru/index.php?showtopic=12824

Nayi mndandanda wa mkaka wa mphaka. Osati analogue kumene, koma zabwino zimagwiritsa ntchito kuphatikiza kwa mphaka izi. 100 g ya kirimu 1 dzira la nkhuku, uchi pamsonga pa mpeni kapena shuga 5%. Kusakaniza kumeneku kumaperekedwa kwa ana amphaka ndi mphaka, ngati pakufunika. Ndidagwiritsa ntchito ndipo sindinawone zovuta. Analogue wina ndi mkaka wa mbuzi. Zokwanira zokha osati zonenepa kwambiri. Palinso njira ina: Royal Kanin - msuzi wowuma wa mkaka. Zogwirizana bwino komanso zakudya zabwino kwambiri za kittens mpaka mwezi usanawone. Kukangana konseku ndikwabwino pomwe amphaka alibe mayi ndi mkaka wake. ndipo kotero, chabwino, kupatula kuti ine ndikufuna kuchepa. kapena pali mbuzi pabwalo. M'malo mwake, amafunikira kuphunzirapo kanthu. osati pamadzi 🙂 Ndili ndi amodzi mwa ana amasiye asanu ndi amodzi kotero kuti sanaphunzire kuyamwa. imayamwa m'mphepete mwa msuzi ndipo ndi zomwe.

valiko

https://forums.zooclub.ru/archive/index.php?t-96653.html

Nditha kuonjezeranso kuti mphaka ili ndi madzi a m'mimba a caustic, imasungunula mafupa ang'onoang'ono (ngati tambala, mwachitsanzo, tinadya mbewa yonse) ndi mkaka, kulowa m'mimba, nthawi yomweyo amasintha kukhala zidutswa zolimba za tchizi cha kanyumba, chomwe chimakhala chachitali komanso chovuta kugaya. Chifukwa chake kudzala kwam'mimba. Amphaka ena, makamaka okalamba, matumbo sangathe kupatula shuga mkaka kuchokera mkaka komanso chifukwa cha kutsegulanso m'mimba. Mwambiri, mkaka wa ng'ombe umasiyana mosiyanasiyana mkaka wa mphaka, chifukwa chake ana amphaka amakhala ndi m'mimba.

naida

https://www.zoovet.ru/forum/?tid=35&tem=286893

Kanema: amphaka amafunikira mkaka

Sizoletsedwa kupereka mkaka kwa amphaka, bola ngati palibe zovuta zoyipa mwanjira yamavuto akudya. Koma palibe munthu amene angatenge nawo mkaka wa mkaka ndi mkaka wowawasa, popeza chakudya chotere sichitha kusintha zakudya zokhala ndi mapuloteni wamba. Musaiwale kuti amphaka adakali zidyera, ngakhale atabedwa.

Kittens mkaka

Kwa miyezi iwiri kapena itatu, chakudya chachikulu cha mkaka ndi mkaka wa amayi. Ili ndi zinthu zonse zofunika pakukula komanso kukulitsa, imateteza chitetezo cha mthupi la mwana.

Ngati pazifukwa zina mphaka umasiyidwa popanda mkaka wa amayi, gwero lokhala ndi zonse zokhazokha lingathe kukhala zosakaniza zowuma zokha zogulitsidwa mu salon zapadera. Mwachitsanzo, Beaphar Kitty-Mkaka kapena Royal Canin Babycat Mkaka.

Pokhapokha ngati pali zina zapadera za mkaka wa mayi, mutha kupatsa ana mkaka wa mkaka kapena mkaka wa mbuzi. Mkaka wonse wa ng'ombe siwokhazikika komanso koyenera ndipo ungavulaze mwana.

Zakumwa izi poyambirira zidapangidwa mwachilengedwe kudyetsa ana a ng'ombe. Ngakhale kuti ili ndi zinthu zambiri zofunikira ndi ma amino acid, ilinso ndi zinthu zomwe sizapangidwira thupi la gule.

Mapuloteni amkaka wa ng'ombe samakonda kuyamwa ndi ana amphaka. Kuphatikiza apo, mkaka wama sitolo umapezeka kuchokera ku ng'ombe, zomwe zimadyetsa zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa kuzakudya zamafuta azakudya, chifukwa chake mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi maantibayotiki omwe akumwa mu zakumwa azikhala kwambiri.

Zapamwamba kwambiri kuposa zikhalidwe zovomerezeka za thupi la mphaka mu mkaka wa ng'ombe ndi casein ndi lactose. Sizidyetsedwa bwino ndi tiana tating'ono.

Mkaka wa mbuzi, ngakhale siwofikira kumene, monga mkaka wa amayi, umayandikira kwambiri pakapangidwe. Ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse ndi madzi owiritsa kuti muchepetse mafuta.

Pogula malo apadera amkaka wamkaka wogulitsa ku malo ogulitsa ziweto, zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa:

• Mtundu wa wopanga. Ndikofunika kusankha okhawo omwe ali ndi ndemanga zabwino za veterinarians ndi akatswiri azakudya za mphaka.
• Zoswana zazikazi. Mwachitsanzo, Maine Coons, Pixibob, mitundu ina imafunikira chakudya chamafuta kwambiri.
• Zambiri zamafuta osakaniza. Zoyenera, siziyenera kupitirira 9%.

Ngati mphaka ali pa chakudya chongopeka, pakatha mwezi umodzi mutha kuyambitsa mafuta kuyeretsa pang'onopang'ono pa zakudya zake, pakatha miyezi 2-3, mkaka suyenera kukhalanso njira yayikulu pamadyerero a mwana tsiku lililonse.

Ndipo pofika miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, chakumwa ichi chimayenera kusasiyidwa kwathunthu kuchokera ku chakudya cha kittens kapena kusinthidwa ndi chinthu china, mwachitsanzo, kefir, amphaka akamakalamba ndikulephera kuyamwa shuga mkaka.

Mitundu ya mkaka mu chakudya cha mphaka

Mitundu yotchuka ya mkaka yomwe eni ake amatha kupatsa ziweto zawo ndi ng'ombe ndi mbuzi.

Kupanga kwawo kofananirana kumaperekedwa pagome.

Ngakhale kuti mafuta mkaka wa mbuzi ndiwambiri, kapangidwe kake ndizofanana kwambiri ndi mkaka waumunthu ndi mphaka, mumakhala mapuloteni ochulukirapo, zinthu zazing'ono ndi zazikulu, komanso zopatsa mphamvu zambiri zopatsa mphamvu. Pankhaniyi, palibe alpha lipase, yomwe imayambitsa mapangidwe a mafuta.

Chifukwa chake, mkaka wa mbuzi umakonda mu zakudya za ziweto kuposa ng'ombe:

• zosavuta kugaya
• Muli mitundu yambiri ya lactobacilli ndi bifidobacteria yomwe imasintha chimbudzi ndi kugaya chakudya cham'mimba ntchito,
• hypoongegenic, popeza mulibe mapuloteni mkati mwake,
• zosachepera lactose,
• mavitamini ndi michere yambiri.

Kodi mkaka ndizovomerezeka pakudya kwa mphaka wamkulu - mupindule kapena kuvulaza

Akatswiri azachipatala komanso akatswiri azaumoyo amalimbikitsa kuti asatenge mkaka kuchakudya cha mphaka kuyambira miyezi 6, ndipo akatswiri ena amati izi zisanachitike - miyezi 4.

Izi ndichifukwa choti izi zimapangidwira mu ndende yayikulu zimakhala ndi chinthu chapadera - shuga mkaka. Kuwala kwake kumachitika mthupi la mphaka mothandizidwa ndi enactme lactose.

Thupi la nyama iliyonse yam'madzi imatulutsa kwambiri kuyambira ukhanda ndi ubwana ndipo sizipanga kuti ikule.

Zotsatira zodyetsa mphaka wachikulire ndi mkaka, makamaka mkaka wa ng'ombe, ndi vuto la m'mimba, kumachitika kwa zizindikiro zam'mimba - kusanza, kusanza, kutsekula m'mimba.

Lingaliro ili limatsimikiziridwa ndi akatswiri onse - kukanidwa kwazinthu kumachitika mwa anthu ambiri, koma pali zosankha zina.

Ziweto zina, mutakula komanso ukalamba, zimakonda kumwa mkaka popanda zotsatirapo zake zogwira ntchito bwino kwa thupi. Izi ndichifukwa cha machitidwe a anthu apadera. Chifukwa chake m'thupi lawo kuti lactose yambiri imapangidwabe ndipo kuwonongeka kwa shuga mkaka kumayenda bwino.

Nyama zonse zachikulire zimakonda kukoma kwa mkaka, koma kafukufuku wambiri watsimikizira kuti sizibweretsa phindu lililonse kwa chiweto.Amphaka ena, ngakhale pakalibe zizindikiro za dyspeptic, amatha kuyamba kudwala mukawadyetsa mkaka.

Chifukwa chake, ngakhale atanena asayansi ena za kufunika kwa mkaka wa ng'ombe mu chakudya champhaka, akatswiri ambiri azindikira kuti mankhwalawa ndi ovuta komanso osavomerezeka pakudya kwa ziweto zachikulire:

• Mkaka wa kalori wokwera kwambiri ungayambitse kusalinganika bwino m'thupi ndipo pamapeto pake kunenepa kwambiri.
• Zomwe zili zapamwamba za kesiin ndi lactose sizimalola kuti malonda azikhala otanganidwa.
• Kuchuluka kwambiri kwa zinthu zosavomerezeka m'zakudya za munthu wamkulu kumathandizira kukulitsa ziwengo.
• Mphaka chifukwa chotsutsa mkaka wa mkaka umabweretsa chimbudzi, kugona, kufinya, kudzimbidwa, kutsekula m'mimba komanso kusowa madzi m'thupi.

Kuyanika mkaka

Vuto linanso lomwe limakhudza eni nyama zomwe zimadya mkaka ndikugwirizana kwake ndi zosakaniza zowuma.

Chakudya chopangidwa ndi mafakitale okonzeka ndi chopezeka mokwanira chomwe chili ndi zonse zofunika, ndipo palibe chifukwa chotsukira ndi mkaka kupita ku mphaka.

Ndi kudya mkaka pamodzi ndi mkaka wowuma, zinthu zophatikiza ndi michere yambiri zimapezeka m'thupi la amphaka, omwe amakhala ngati makhoma a chikhodzodzo, impso zimayambitsa kukula kwa urolithiasis. Chiwindi chimavutikanso, chifukwa chotchinga chotchingira m'thupi chimadzala ndi slag. Izi ndizowopsa ku amphaka amphaka ndi akazi osawilitsidwa.

Ziweto ziyenera kutsukidwa ndi madzi oyera oyenda okha.

Mkaka wa Cow, ngakhale utasinthidwa ndi owopsa amphaka, mkaka wa mbuzi, ndi gawo lazakudya zachilengedwe, ndikusakaniza ndi zakudya zowuma za mafakitale, malinga ndi veterinarians, sizovomerezeka.

Kusintha mkaka ndi mkaka

Ngati mphaka ndi wokonda mkaka ndipo ali ndi chakudya chachilengedwe, ndibwino kuti pang'onopang'ono m'malo mwake mukapezeke mkaka wowira.

Kefir, mkaka wowotchera, ndi ma yoghurts achilengedwe samangokhala ndi shuga mkaka, komanso opangidwa ndi mabakiteriya a lactic acid, omwe ali ndi phindu pa chimbudzi ndikugwira ntchito konse kwamatumbo athunthu.

Palibe mankhwala a lactose m'maguluwa, ndiye kuti amasintha kukhala lactic acid panthawi yovunda.

Pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yambiri ya mkaka, mutha kuwongolera ndikuchotsa mavuto ndi matumbo a pet. Chifukwa chake, mwachitsanzo, pankhani ya kudzimbidwa nthawi zonse, zatsopano zimathandiza, ndipo ndi matenda am'mimba - "akale" (masiku awiri) kefir.

Mutha kupatsa mphaka ndi mkaka wopanda lactose kapena wopanda mankhwala, koma nthawi zambiri zinthu zotere sizimakondweretsa chiweto.

Kusankha kefir, makamaka biokefir kapena mkaka wophika wothira, muyenera kulabadira zomwe zili mafuta mkati mwawo. Sayenera kukhala yokwera. Ichi ndichifukwa chake simuyenera kupereka kawirikawiri tchati tchizi kapena tchizi, komanso wowawasa kwambiri.

Sizovomerezeka kudyetsa chiweto chanu ndi yogurts yotsekemera ndi tchizi chanyumba chokhala ndi sucrose yambiri. Shuga ndi chinthu chinanso chowopsa pa tebulo laanthu.

Ndemanga

• Palibe ndemanga zomwe zapezeka

Ankafuna kuti Marcel agone, koma odzipereka kumalo osungirako a Murkosh adamupulumutsa ndikumupeza nyumba yatsopano.

Kodi euthanasia ndi chiyani? Zikuyenda bwanji? Ndizabwino? Euthanasia ndiko kupha mwadala nyama mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala. Amachitcha kuti euthanasia, anthu amayesa kusuntha ngodya ndikusokeretsa chikumbumtima chawo.

Mphaka wapakhomo amakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zoti achite, koma zosangalatsa kwambiri, ndizogwirizana ndi Mwamuna wake: muyenera kukumana naye kuchokera kuntchito, kumukondweretsa pambuyo pa tsiku lovuta, kukambirana za nthawi yake yakusowa, kum'pukutira ndi chakudya chabwino, ndikumudzutsa m'mawa. Koma bwanji ngati mutadzuka, kukoka pa iwo ndi mkono wofewa, meow, ndikukhomerera mphuno yanu patsaya, Munthuyo osadzuka?

Ndine wodzipereka. Ndakhala ndikukumana ndi mavuto a nyama zopanda pokhala kwazaka zopitilira zitatu. Kudzipereka si wamba. Tsoka ilo, sinditha kukumana ndi gulu la anthu olimba mtima komanso olimba mtima omwe ndimagwada tsiku lililonse, omwe amagwira, kusinthana, kusamalira komanso kusamalira nyama. Ntchito yanga siyilola kuti ndikhale kwathupi komwe ndikufuna. Izi sizitanthauza kuti sindikudziwa kusamalira nyama, sizitanthauza kuti sindinawonepo odwala, osowa, osasangalala. Zowona ndikuwona pafupipafupi. Koma ndili ndi "ntchito" yosiyana pang'ono.

Mon-Sun: 09:00 - 21:00

wopanda masiku akuchotsera ndi yopumira

Moni

Katswiri wa LLC Vet, apa amatchedwa Wogwirizira, yoyimiriridwa ndi Director General Kanaeva Elena Sergeevnakuchita pamaziko a Za Mgwirizanowu, ikuyankha Mgwirizanowu (wapano - Mgwirizano) kwa munthu aliyense amene wasonyeza kuti akufuna kuchita mgwirizano wamalamulo omwe alembedwa (motere - Wogwiritsa ntchito).

Panganoli, mogwirizana ndi gawo 2 la Art. 437 ya Civil Code of the Russian Federation, ndiwoperekedwa pagulu, kuvomereza zofunikira (kuvomerezedwa) komwe ndiko kutumidwa kwa machitidwe operekedwa ndi Panganoli.

1. Tanthauzo

1.1. Zigawo za Panganoli zimayang'anira ubale pakati pa Wosunga Umwiniyo ndi Wosuta ndipo zili ndi matanthauzidwe otsatirawa:

1.1.1. Zopereka - chikalatachi (Chigwirizano) chomwe chinaikidwa pa intaneti pa adilesi ya intaneti.

1.1.2. Kuvomereza - Kuvomera kwathunthu kopanda zoperekazo kudzera pakukwaniritsa kwa zomwe zanenedwa m'ndime 3.1 ya Panganolo.

1.1.3. Wogwirizira - bungwe lovomerezeka (Dzina la Phwando) lomwe lidayika.

1.1.4. Wogwiritsa ntchito - munthu wovomerezeka kapena wodziwa bwino zachilengedwe yemwe walowa Mgwirizano povomera pazinthu zomwe zaperekedwa.

1.1.5. Webusayiti - masamba angapo omwe ali ndi seva yokhazikika ndikupanga mawonekedwe amodzi omwe amapezeka pa intaneti adilesi ya tsamba la intaneti (lomwe likutchulidwa kuti Tsambali).

1.1.6. Zambiri - zambiri zomwe zidawonetsedwa pamasamba, zojambula, zowonera (kanema) pa tsamba, ndizomwe zili. Zomwe zili patsamba latsambali zimagawidwa pa zofunikira - zogwiritsa ntchito, komanso zothandizira - zoyang'anira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti Copyright Holder azitsogolera kugwira ntchito kwa tsambalo, kuphatikizapo mawonekedwe a Tsambalo.

1.1.7. Chinsinsi (chosavomerezeka) - ufulu wosagwiritsa ntchito wosuta wogwiritsa ntchito luntha lotsogola 2.1 la Panganolo, wokhala ndi ufulu wopatsa ufulu wopereka zilolezo kwa anthu ena.

2. Mutu wa Mgwirizanowu

2.1. Panganoli limalongosola momwe zinthu ziyenera kugwiritsidwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito luntha, kuphatikiza zinthu zomwe zili patsamba la Webusayiti pa intaneti (pomwe amatchulidwa kuti Webusayiti), udindo wa Magulu ndi zina mwa magwiridwe antchito a tsamba ndi ubale wa Ogwiritsa Ntchito Tsamba ndi Wokhala ndi ufulu, komanso wina ndi mnzake.

2.2. Wopatsayo ufulu wamtunduwu akutsimikizira kuti iye ndi amene ali ndi ufulu wankhanza lililonse lomwe latsimikizidwa mu gawo 2.1 la Panganolo.

3. Kuvomereza malinga ndi mgwirizano

3.1. Kulandila (kuvomera zomwe mwapereka) ndi wogwiritsa ntchito ndikudina batani la "Thandizo".

3.2. Kuchita zoyenera kuvomereza zoperekedwa munjira yodziwika mgawo 3.1 la Panganolo, Wogwiritsa ntchitoyo akutsimikizira kuti akudziwa, akuvomereza, kuvomereza mokwanira komanso mosagwirizana ndi mikhalidwe yonse ya Panganolo, amavomereza kutsatira.

3.3. Wogwiritsa ntchito pano akutsimikizira kuti kuvomereza (kuchitapo kanthu kuti avomereze zomwe akupatsazo) kuli ngati kusaina ndikumaliza Mgwirizano wamalamulo ndi zikhalidwe zomwe zafotokozedwa mumgwirizanowu.

3.4. Malangizowo amayamba kuyambira pomwe adayikidwa pa intaneti pa adilesi ya intaneti ndipo ndi othandizira mpaka pomwe mphatsoyo ichotsedwa.

3.5. Mgwirizanowu ukhoza kuvomerezedwa pokhapokha (gawo 1 la nkhani 428 ya Code Code of the Russian Federation). Wosuta atavomereza magawo a Panganoli, limapeza mphamvu pamgwirizano womwe umamalizidwa pakati pa Wosunga Umwiniyo ndi Wogwiritsa, pomwe mgwirizano ngati chikalata cholembedwa ndi Magulu onsewo sichimaperekedwa.

3.6. Woyimitsa ufuluyo ali ndi ufulu wosintha mgwirizanowu popanda chizindikiritso chilichonse, mogwirizana ndi momwe Wogwiritsa ntchito amayang'anira kuwunika kwa Panganoli. Mtundu watsopano wa Mgwirizanowu umayamba kugwira ntchito kuyambira pomwe adalembedwa patsamba lino, pokhapokha mutaperekedwa ndi mtundu watsopano wa Mgwirizanowu. Mtundu wapano wa Mgwirizanowu nthawi zonse umapezeka patsamba lino adilesi: Tsamba la tsamba lawebusayiti.

4. Ufulu ndi zokakamiza zipani

4.1. Wokhala ndi ufulu wakeyo ndiwokakamizidwa:

4.1.1. Pakupita kwamasiku a kalendala kuchokera tsiku lomwe walandila chidziwitso cha Wogwiritsa ntchito pawokha komanso mwakuwononga kwawo, chotsani zolakwika za Webusayiti zomwe zimadziwika ndi wogwiritsa ntchito, zomwe ndi:

- zosagwirizana ndi zomwe zili mu Webusayiti ndi zomwe zafotokozedwa mu gawo 2.1 la Panganolo,

- kupezeka mu tsamba la zinthu zoletsedwa kuti zigawidwe ndi lamulo.

4.1.2. Pewani chilichonse chomwe chingasokoneze ufulu wa wogwiritsa ntchito tsamba lino malinga ndi mapanganowo.

4.1.3. Patsani zidziwitso pakugwira ntchito ndi tsamba kudzera pa imelo, forum, blog. Ma adilesi aposachedwa amaimelo ali mgawo la "Gawo la" dzina la tsamba pa tsambalo la webusayiti.

4.1.4. Kugwiritsa ntchito zidziwitso zonse zachinsinsi za Wogwiritsa ntchito pokhapokha popereka chithandizo malinga ndi Panganolo, osasamutsira anthu ena zomwe zalembedwazi komanso zidziwitso za Wogwiritsa.

4.1.5. Onetsetsani chinsinsi chachinsinsi chogwiritsa ntchito wosuta mukamagwiritsa ntchito tsamba la Webusayiti, pokhapokha ngati milanduyo itayikidwa pagawo la Tsambalo (mwachitsanzo, macheza).

4.1.6. Langizani Wosuta pazinthu zonse zokhudzana ndi Tsambalo. Kuvuta kwa nkhaniyo, kuchuluka kwake, komanso nthawi yolumikizirana zimatsimikiziridwa muzochitika zonse ndi Woyimitsa ufuluyo.

4.2. Wogwiritsa amavomereza:

4.2.1. Gwiritsani ntchito Tsambalo pokhapokha pamlingo womwewo komanso momwe mwaperekedwera mgwirizano.

4.2.2. Tsatirani mosamalitsa ndi kusaphwanya mawu a Panganolo, komanso onetsetsani chinsinsi cha zamalonda ndi zaluso zomwe zalandiridwa mogwirizana ndi Copyright.

4.2.3. Pewani kukopa mwanjira iliyonse, komanso kusintha, kuwonjezera, kugawa tsambalo, zomwe zili mu Webusayiti (kapena gawo lililonse), ndipo pewani kupanga zinthu zochokera pamalowo popanda chilolezo cholemba Mwini wa Copyright.

4.2.4. Osagwiritsa ntchito zida zilizonse kapena mapulogalamu apakompyuta kuti asokoneze kapena kuyesa kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito a Tsambalo.

4.2.5. Nthawi yomweyo dziwitsani Wosunga Umwini za zidziwitso zonse zakugwiritsidwa ntchito kosaloledwa kwa tsambalo ndi anthu ena.

4.2.6. Gwiritsani ntchito Tsambalo popanda kuphwanya malowa ndi / kapena ufulu wokhala wopanda katundu wa anthu ena, komanso zoletsa ndi zoletsa zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa ndi malamulo ogwira ntchito, kuphatikiza popanda malire: ufulu waumwini ndi ufulu wokhudzana ndi izi, ufulu wamalonda, zilembo zamasewera ndi mayitanidwe akumalo, ufulu wa mafakitale zitsanzo, ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito zithunzi za anthu.

4.2.7. Pewani kutumiza ndi kutumiza kwa zinthu zosaloledwa, zosayenera, zovomerezeka, zodetsa nkhawa, zoopseza, zolaula, zankhanza, komanso zokhala ndi kuzunza komanso zizindikilo za kusankhana mitundu kapena fuko, kufunsa kuti ntchito zomwe zitha kuonedwa ngati mlandu kapena kuphwanya lamulo lililonse, komanso yowonedwa ngati yosavomerezeka pazifukwa zina, zida zomwe zimalimbikitsa kupembedza kwachiwawa komanso nkhanza, zida zomwe zimakhala ndi mawu osayenera .

4.2.8. Musagawe zinthu zotsatsa mumauthenga anu kwa Ogwiritsa ntchito ena musanapange chilolezo chawo kuti mulandire zinthuzi (SPAM).

4.2.9. Gwirani ntchito zina zoperekedwa ndi Panganoli.

4.3. Woyimilira ali ndi ufulu:

4.3.1. Kuyimitsa kapena kuthetseratu kulembetsa ndi kufalitsa kwa Wosuta Tsambalo ngati Woyesererayo akukhulupirira kuti Wogwiritsa ntchitoyo akuchita zosemphana ndi malamulo.

4.3.2. Sungani zidziwitso pazakukonda kwa Ogwiritsa ntchito ndi momwe amagwiritsira ntchito Tsambalo (ntchito zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri, zoikika, nthawi yomwe akukonda ndi nthawi ya ntchitoyo ndi Tsambalo, ndi zina), chomwe sichiri chidziwitso chaumwini, kukonza magwiridwe antchito a Tsamba, kuzindikira ndi kupewa kulephera kwa tsamba.

4.3.3. Kusintha unilaterally Mgwirizanowu popereka zosintha zake zatsopano.

4.3.4. Chotsani zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito amapempha ngati bungwe lili lovomerezeka kapena anthu omwe ali ndi chidwi ngati izi zikuphwanya malamulo ogwira ntchito kapena ufulu wa anthu ena.

4.3.5. Kuletsa kwakanthawi tsambalo, komanso kuletsa pang'ono kapena kuthetsa kwathunthu kutsambali mpaka kutsiriza kukonzanso komanso (kapena) kusintha kwa malowa. Wosuta alibe ufulu wolamula kuti alandire ndalama zomwe zawonongeka kwakanthawi kochepa pantchitoyo kapena kuletsa kupezeka kwa Tsambalo.

4.4. Wogwiritsa ntchito ali ndi ufulu:

4.4.1. Gwiritsani ntchito Tsambalo mpaka pamlingo komanso momwe mwaperekera Panganoli.

4.5. Wogwiritsa ntchito alibe ufulu wovomereza kukhazikitsidwa kwa Panganoli pokhapokha iye alibe ufulu wovomerezeka ndi Tsambalo lomwe akukhala kapena akukhalamo, kapena ngati sanafikire zaka zomwe ali ndi ufulu wolowa nawo Panganoli.

5. Migwirizano ndi magwiritsidwe antchito

5.1. Pokhapokha ngati Wogwiritsa ntchito akwaniritsa Panganoli, Wogwiritsa ntchitoyo amapatsidwa chilolezo chosavuta (chosasankha) chogwiritsa ntchito Tsambalo pogwiritsa ntchito kompyuta, foni yam'manja kapena chida china, mulingo ndi momwe zakhazikitsidwa ndi Panganoli, popanda ufulu wopereka magawo ndi magawo ake.

5.2. Malinga ndi mawu a Panganolo, Wosunga Umwini wapatsa Wogwiritsa ufulu ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito tsambali m'njira zotsatirazi:

5.2.1. Gwiritsani ntchito Tsambali kuti muwone, kudziwa, kusiya ndemanga ndi zolemba zina ndikugwiritsa ntchito zina za tsambalo, kuphatikizapo kusewera pa polojekiti (pazenera) njira zoyenera zaogwiritsa ntchito,

5.2.2. Sanjani mwachidule makompyuta pamutu kuti mugwiritse ntchito Tsambalo ndi magwiridwe ake,

5.2.3. Kuwerenga zomwe zili patsamba la Webusayiti zomwe zikuwonetsa komwe kunachokera, kuphatikizapo ulalo wa ulalo wa Tsambalo.

5.2.4. Njira yogwiritsira ntchito: Njira yogwiritsira ntchito.

5.3. Wosuta alibe ufulu kuchita izi zotsatirazi mukamagwiritsa ntchito Tsambalo, komanso chilichonse chomwe chili patsamba:

5.3.1. Sinthani kapena sinthani tsambalo, kuphatikiza kumasulira m'zilankhulo zina.

5.3.2. Koperani, gawani kapena pangani zida ndi zidziwitso zomwe zili patsamba lino, pokhapokha ngati zikufunika komanso chifukwa cha kukhazikitsa kwa magwiridwe antchito monga Wogwiritsa ntchito.

5.3.3. Kuphwanya umphumphu wa pulogalamu yoteteza kapena kuchita chilichonse chomwe chikufunikira kuti tidutse, tichotse kapena kusokoneza njira zachitetezo, gwiritsani ntchito malamulo aliwonse apulogalamu omwe anapangidwa kuti asokoneze, kuchotsa, kuwononga, kutsata kapena kuphwanya umphumphu wa Tsambalo, chidziwitso kapena ma protocol.

5.4. Ufulu uliwonse wosaperekedwa kwa wogwiritsa ntchito molingana ndi Panganoli umasungidwa ndi Wogwirizira.

5.5.Tsambali limaperekedwa ndi Roundolder m'boma la "As Is" ("AS IS"), popanda chitsimikizo cha Roundolder kapena kukakamiza kulikonse kuti athetse zolakwika, kuthandizira ndikuwongolera.

5.6. Ponena za zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito amagwiritsa ntchito, Wogwiritsa ntchito akutsimikizira kuti ndiye mwini wake kapena ali ndi zilolezo zoyenera, ufulu, chilolezo ndi chilolezo chogwiritsa ntchito ndikupatsa Roundolder ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito zonse zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito mogwirizana ndi Panganoli, adalemba chilolezo ndi (kapena) chilolezo cha munthu aliyense, chifukwa chake kapena ngati mulipo pazogwiritsa ntchito ogwiritsa ntchito, gwiritsani ntchito zomwe mukufuna (kuphatikizapo chithunzi ngati pakufunika) kwa munthu uyu kuti atumizire ndikugwiritsanso ntchito zomwe mwapangidwa muchigwirizanochi.

5.7. Pakuvomereza mfundo za Panganoli, Wogwiritsa ntchitoyo amapereka mwayi kwa Wopereka Ufulu wa Pamanja ndi Ogwiritsa ntchito ena ufulu wosagwiritsa ntchito ufulu (kugwiritsa ntchito layisensi) yosavuta yomwe Wogwiritsa ntchito amawonjezera (malo) ku Tsambali m'magawo omwe amafikira anthu onse kapena gawo la Ogwiritsa ntchito (zokambirana, zokambirana, ndemanga, ndi zina). Ufulu womwe wafotokozedwayo komanso / kapena chilolezo chogwiritsa ntchito amaperekedwa nthawi imodzi ndi Wogwiritsa ntchito amawonjezera zinthuzo pa Tsambalo nthawi yonse ya ufulu wokhakhala ndi chidziwitso kapena kuteteza ufulu wosakhala ndi nyumba pazinthu izi kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito m'maiko onse apadziko lapansi.

6. Dongosolo lanu laumwini ndi zachinsinsi

6.1. Kuti akwaniritse mawu a Panganolo, Wogwiritsa ntchitoyo avomera kupereka ndikuvomera kusanthula kwawanthu malinga ndi Federal Law ya Julayi 27, 2006 No. 152-ФЗ "Pa Dongosolo Lanu Lomwe" pazogwirizana ndi cholinga chogwiritsira ntchito Mgwirizanowu moyenera. Mwa "zambiri zanu" zimatanthawuzidwa zomwe munthu amagwiritsa ntchito payekha povomereza.

6.2. Copyright Holder imatsimikizira chinsinsi pokhudzana ndi chidziwitso cha Wogwiritsa ntchito ndipo imapatsa mwayi wodziwa zokhazokha kwa okhawo omwe akufunika kudziwa izi kuti akwaniritse zofunikira za Panganolo, kuwonetsetsa kuti anthu awa amasunga chinsinsi cha zomwe munthu akuchita payekha komanso chitetezo cha zomwe munthu akuchita pakukonzekera. Komanso, Wosunga Umwiniyo amakakamizika kusungira chinsinsi pa zidziwitso zonse zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa Ogwiritsa ntchito, mosasamala kanthu ndi zomwe zili muzolemba zake komanso momwe angazipezere.

6.3. Zomwe zalandilidwa ndi Copyright Holder (zambiri zaumwini) sizingafotokozedwe, pokhapokha ngati zili zofunikira malinga ndi malamulo a boma la Russia kapena zikufunika kuti achitepo tsambalo ndi ntchito zake (mwachitsanzo, posindikiza ndemanga mu gawo la "Ndemanga" la Webusayiti, pansi pa ndemanga yolembedwa ndi Wogwiritsa ntchito, dzinalo likuwonetsedwa , tsiku ndi nthawi pomwe ndemanga idatumizidwa).

7. Udindo wa maphwando

7.1. Maphwando ali ndiudindo wosachita kapena kusachita bwino zosowa zawo malinga ndi malamulo aku Russia.

7.2. Wogwiritsa ntchitoyo samavomereza udindo wotsatira malowa ndi cholinga chogwiritsa ntchito.

7.3. Wopatsayo ufulu waumwini sakhala ndi chifukwa chofuna kusokoneza pakugwiritsa ntchito Tsambali. Nthawi yomweyo, Wogwirizira Wokopera amayenera kuchita zonse zofunika kuti asasokonezedwe.

7.4. Wogwirizira Copyright samayankhira zochita za Wogwiritsa ntchito zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ufulu omwe wapatsidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito Tsambalo, kuwonongeka konse komwe kumachitika ndi Wogwiritsa ntchito chifukwa chotayika komanso / kapena kuwulula kwa deta yake kapena pogwiritsira ntchito tsambalo.

7.5. Pomwe kuti wachitatu akupanga mwayi kwa Wosunga Umwiniyo pakulakwira kwa Wogwiritsa ntchito Mgwirizanowu kapena malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito, kuphwanya kwa wogwiritsa ntchito ufulu wa anthu ena (kuphatikizapo ufulu wamalonda), wogwiritsa ntchitoyo amalipira wolipira ufulu pazotengera zonse komanso kutayika, kuphatikizapo kulipira malipiro aliwonse komanso ndalama zina zogwirizanitsidwa ndi zomwe mukufuna.

7.6. Wosungitsa ufulu sakhala ndiudindo pazomwe mauthenga kapena zida za Ogwiritsa Ntchito Tsamba (zili ndi ogwiritsa), malingaliro aliwonse, malingaliro kapena upangiri womwe ulimo. Woyimilira sachitapo kanthu poyambira zomwe zili, kutsimikizika ndi chitetezo cha zinthuzi kapena zinthu zake, komanso kutsatira kwawo zomwe malamulo akufuna, komanso kupezeka kwa ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito moyenera.

8. Kuthetsa Kusamvana

8.1. Njira yofunsira chisanachitike poyesa kuthetsa mikangano yochokera ku Mgwirizanowu ikugwirizana ndi magulu.

8.2. Makalata odzinenera amatumizidwa ndi Maguluwo potumiza makalata kapena makalata olembetsedwa ndi chitsimikizo cha kutumiza ku adilesi ya Phwandolo.

8.3. Kutumiza makalata opemphedwa ndi maguluwo mwanjira ina yosafotokozeredwa m'ndime 8.2 ya Panganoli sikuloledwa.

8.4. Tsiku lomaliza lofanizira kalata yofunsayo ndiye kuti tsiku lofananira kuti lilingalire masiku ogwirira ntchito kuyambira tsiku lolandila womaliza ndi wowonjezera.

8.5. Mikangano yomwe ili pansi pa Panganoli idzathetsedwa kukhothi molingana ndi lamulo.

9. Zabwino Zomaliza

9.1. Mgwirizanowu umayendetsedwa ndikuwonetsedwa malinga ndi malamulo a Russian Federation. Zovuta sizoyendetsedwa ndi Panganoli zidzathetsedwa malinga ndi malamulo a Russian Federation. Mikangano yonse yomwe ingachitike chifukwa cha ubale womwe udalamulidwa ndi Panganoli imathetsedwa malinga ndi malamulo apano a Russian Federation, malinga ndi malamulo a Russia. M'malemba onsewa mgwirizanowu, mawu oti "malamulo" amatanthauza lamulo la Russian Federation.