Boar (Nguluwe) - Nyama yokhala pakati pakatikati, ndi gawo la zolengedwa zoyamwitsa. Pakati pa anthu, "nkhumba yamtchire" ndi mbadwa yakutali ya nkhumba yosungidwa.
Mwachilengedwe, nkhumba zimakhala zowopsa. Amatha kumva ngati mlendo pamtunda wautali kwambiri. Kuteteza gawo lake ndi udindo wa nkhumba.
Kusaka nyama zakale mtundu woyesa tchuthi. Osaka amakhulupirira kuti mu chikondwererochi payenera kukhala nkhumba zakufa. Monga lamulo, zikopa zimasonkhanitsidwa, ndipo nyama imaphika.
Makina otchuka kwambiri ndi nkhanu zomwe zimasungidwa bwino, nthawi zambiri zimatha kuwoneka pamakoma a osaka otchuka. Chithunzi zolinga nguluwe zakuthengo adalemba pazambiri zakale.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a nkhumba zakuthengo
Nguluwe zamatchire zamatchire - Gulu ili ndi artiodactyls, gawo lomwe silikuyenda bwino ndi banja la nkhumba. Nyama iyi ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndi nkhumba zoweta. Thupi limakhala lakuthwa, kugwada pansi komanso lalifupi.
Miyendo yake ndi yayitali komanso yopyapyala, yomwe imamupangitsa kuti aziyenda mtunda wautali. Mutu wamphamvu, wokhala ndi mphuno yayitali, makutu amakhala omasuka komanso owongoka. Ubwino wake nguluwe zakuthengo - awa ndi mafangidwe ake omwe amakhala akukulira.
Madontho akuthimbilira ndikuphimba thupi lonse. M'mphepete mwenimweni, tsitsilo limapanga china chake ngati chingwe pamene boar ili tcheru kapena mantha.
Mtundu wa nyama ukhoza kukhala wa bulauni-bulauni mpaka wakuda - zimatengera pakukhala. Nthawi yozizira, pansi pa chovala chambiri, chosanjikiza chimamera. Mtundu nguluwe zakuthengo zitha kukhala zosiyanasiyana komanso zimatengera malo.
Thupi lopindika bwino limasandulika mchira wofupikirako, ndi burashi wofiyira. mbali yakutsogolo nguluwe zakuthengo anakula kwambiri, zomwe zimamupangitsa kuti asamuke kumadera akutali. Kutalika kwa thupi kumafika mpaka 175 cm, kulemera kwake kuchokera pa 100 mpaka 200 kg, kutalika kufota mpaka 1 mita. Akazi ndi ocheperako poyerekeza ndi amuna, mutu umasiyanasiyana kukula kwake.
Khalidwe la boar ndi malo okhala
Malo okhala odziwika kale nguluwe zakuthengo a Southeast Asia. Kenako adakhazikika kuma kontinenti ambiri. Kawonedwe ka nguluwe zakuthengo pakapita nthawi kwasintha mtundu, kukula kwa mutu ndi thupi.
Malo okhala ndiwopambana kwambiri pakati pa zinyama zonse. Gawo lalikulu lafalikira kudzera m'nkhalango zowuma ndi zosakanikirana, kumadera a taiga ndi zone.
Kale, malo nguluwe zakuthengo zinali zambiri, tsopano m'malo ena nkhumba zakuthengo zatha. Ku Russia, nyamayi imagawidwa kwambiri ku Tien Shan, South Siberia, Caucasus, Transbaikalia. Nguluwe zakuthengo ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu anayi (kuchokera pagawo logawidwa):
* Azungu
* Mmwenye,
* Kum'mawa,
* Indonesia.
Cholinga chomwe nyama imaberekera mwachangu ndikuyenda kwayo mosinthasintha ndi mphamvu zake. Nguluwe zakuthengo - Ichi ndi nyama yokhazikika, kwa iwo nchachilendo kusonkhanitsa ng'ombe.
Pafupifupi wamkazi mmodzi mpaka 3 wamkazi wamwamuna aliyense. Kukula kwachichepere, zazikazi ndi nkhumba zimasonkhana ng'ombe zambiri, zachikulire zimasiyana. Zachikazi zimatha kukhala ndi ana kuyambira 6 mpaka 12 mu ana. Utoto nthawi zambiri umakulungidwa kuti utayike pakati pa masamba ndi nthambi.
Kudyetsa Boar Boar
Amadya nguluwe zakuthengo makamaka masamba, omwe tubers, mizu, mtedza, zipatso, ma acorns, bowa amaphatikizidwa muzakudya. Mu nthawi yozizira, nyamayi imakakamizidwa kudyetsa mphutsi, makungwa a mitengo, mazira a mbalame, kaloti.
Ngati nkhalangoyi ilibe chakudya chokwanira, amatha kupita kukalima mbatata, beets, turnips ndi mbewu. Nthawi zina zimabweretsa kuwononga kwambiri kubzala ndi mbewu.
Kudya zinyalala zam'mango, May kafadala, mbozi za paini ndi mphutsi zimadyedwa nthawi zambiri. Chifukwa chake, kupanga poyera zonyansa, kupatula kutulutsa kosalekeza kwa dziko lapansi kumathandizira kukula kwa mitengo ndi zitsamba.
Akuluakulu patsiku nguluwe zakuthengo imatha kudya makilogalamu atatu mpaka asanu ndi limodzi a chakudya. Nyama zomwe zimakhala pafupi ndi mitsinje zimatha kudya nsomba. Madzi ndiofunika kwambiri mu chakudya, ayenera kukhala ambiri.
Kubala komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali wa nkhumba zamtchire
Akuluakulu (avareji) nguluwe zakuthengo atha kukhala zaka 10 mpaka 14, ali mu ukapolo kumafika zaka 20. Ali ndi zaka 1.5 zakubadwa, kutha msinkhu kumayamba, akazi okwatirana kuyambira Novembala mpaka Januware.
Kuyika ana mwa mkazi kumatha kukhala kamodzi pachaka, komanso kumachitika kawiri. Amayi amateteza nkhumba mosamala kwambiri ndipo nthawi zonse amakhala ankhanza. Pakatha milungu itatu, achichepere amatha kusunthira pawokha, kuyamwitsa kumatenga miyezi itatu ndi itatu.
Kodi pali kusiyana kwanji pakati pa nkhumba ndi nkhumba?, mwapadera palibe kalikonse, popeza ndi imodzi ndi nyama yomweyo. Zokha nkhumba Ndi mutu wankhani, ndipo nguluwe zakuthengo, nkhumba kapena bilhook - colloquial. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakusaka mawu. Itha kuganiziridwa kuti zimatengera zaka za munthu.
Chilombocho chikathamanga, nguluwe imatha kukana mpaka mpweya womaliza. Nguluwe zakuthengo mwina wakuphakoma kwa osaka ambiri ichi sichingakhale chotchinga. Pofunafuna zokondweretsa, amatha kusamvana. Nguluwe imatha kuteteza mokwanira gawo lake.
Kodi Boar wamtchire amawoneka bwanji?
Nguluwe zakutchire ndi kholo la nkhumba zoweta, koma zikuwoneka mosiyana kwambiri ndi izo. Mayina ena a chilombo ichi - wochenjera, nkhumba zakuthengo, nkhumba zakuthengo. Nguluwe ndi nyama, nyama, ma artiodactyls, gulu lozungulira ngati nkhumba (zosapanga dzimbiri), nkhumba za pabanja ndi mtundu wa nkhumba zakuthengo.
Nguluwe ndi nyama yayikulu kwambiri, yotalika masentimita 175. Thupi lake ndi lalifupi kuposa la abale ake okhala pabanja. Ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu, cholemera komanso chocheperako. Mutuwo ndi wokulirapo komanso wocheperako kuposa wa nkhumba yoweta, woboola mphero, umatha ndi chigamba. Mafangasi otuluka pakamwa pa nyama amakula moyo wonse. Amuna amakhala ataliitali kuposa akazi. Maso ndi ochepa. Miyendo yake ndi yayitali kwambiri komanso yotalikirapo. Makutu ndi okulirapo, okhazikika ndi malangizo. Mchira suugwada, wowongoka, mpaka kutalika kwa 20-25 masentimita, umatha ndi bulashi la bristle hair.
Thupi lonse la nkhumba zakutchire lakutidwa ndi bristles, kupatula gawo lakumunsi kwa khosi ndi m'mimba. Pamodzi ndi msana, tsitsi la mabatani limapanga chingwe chomwe chimatuluka ndi burashi pomwe nyama imachita mantha kapena kukwiya. Mtundu wa mabulosiwo ndi wakuda, wokhala ndi chikasu. Pofika nthawi yachisanu, ma billholes amapitilira mtundu wa bulauni. Kunja, nkhumba zimawoneka zofiirira zakuda. Ziboda, m'chifuwa, ndi miyendo yotsika ndi utoto wakuda.
Mapira nthawi zonse amakhala ndi utoto wamitundu-yoyera-yakuda-yoyera. Sizitengera mtundu ndi mtundu wa akuluakulu. 
Popeza nkhumba zamtchire zimakhala m'dera lalikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi, mtundu wawo umatha kusiyanasiyana, kutengera dera la nyama. M'dera la Lake Balkhash, mutha kupeza anthu owoneka bwino kwambiri. Pa gawo la Belarus, makamaka nkhumba zamtchire zokhala ndi mtundu wakuda wa bristles zimapezeka.
Kodi nguluwe zamtchire zimalemera zochuluka motani?
Wamphongo wamkulu wamphongo amatha kufota kuyambira masentimita 50 mpaka 1 mita, wamkazi - mpaka 90. Koma anthu akuluakulu amapezekanso. Kulemera kwa nkhumba zakutchire kumafikira 100 makilogalamu, koma anthu pawokha atha kulemera mpaka ma 150 - 200 kilogalamu. Ana obadwa kumene amalemera pakati pa 600 ndi 1000 magalamu, mwazambiri magawo 850 magalamu. Kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi amapeza kulemera kwama kilogalamu 30.
Ku Primorye ndi Manchuria, zida zopangira ma batire zimatha kufika pa theka la tani. Ku Eastern Europe, anthu mpaka ma kilogalamu 275 amapezeka nthawi zina.
KUMASULIRA! Pali nthawi zina pamene asaka anapha nkhumba zakutchire zazikulu zazikulu. Mwachitsanzo, mu 2015, nguluwe yokhala ndi kulemera kwama kilogalamu 550 ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 30 idagwidwa ku Russia.
Zochita ndi chikhalidwe
Nguluwe ndizofala ku gawo lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, zinyama zochepa chabe zapadziko lapansi zomwe zimakhala ndi nkhumba zakuthengo. Pokhala moyo, amasankha nkhalango zosakanizika ndi zozimitsa (zokhala ndi beech ndi thundu) zokhala ndi chinyezi chambiri. Kukhalapo kwa madzi amadzi pafupi naye, ngakhale atakhala madambo, ndikofunikira. Nkhumba zakutchire zimakhala m'mapiri komanso kum'mwera kwa South ndi North Europe, North America, ndizofala ku Far and Far East, kumadera otsetsereka a Eurasia, kumapiri kwa Hindustan ndi zilumba za Indonesia.
Nyama zankhumba zakutchire zimakhala malo okhala kuyambira kumapiri mpaka m'nkhalango zamvula zotentha, komanso nkhalango za mitengo yaminga. Madera okhala ndi mbewu zaulimi samanyalanyaza nkhumba zamtchire, zomwe zimabweretsa zowopsa kwa alimi.
Kuti achulukitse ziwongola dzanja, amabwera ku USA, South America ndi Australia. M'malo awa akuyesera kubereka mwangozi.
Ku Russia, nkhumba zakuthengo zimakhala m'nkhalango za Moscow, komanso m'chigawo cha Irkutsk, komanso ku Krasnoyarsk Territory.
Boar amakonda kukhala ndi moyo wachangu usiku. Madzulo, iwo amagona mu maenje a dothi. Nguluwe zimakonda kukhazikika m'matope, motero zimayang'anira kutentha kwa matupi awo ndikuchotsa majeremusi.
Nkhumba zakutchire ndizosowa. Amapeza chakudya chawo chachikulu mobisa, akuchiumba ndi chigamba ndi ma fang. Nguluwe zakutchire zimadyera pamizu ndi mizu ya mbewu, nthanga ndi zipatso za mitengo ndi zitsamba, mtedza, ndi mbali zam'mlengalenga zamasamba. Kuphatikiza pa kubzala zakudya, simuyenera kusamala kudya achule, mbewa ndi njoka zazing'ono.
Nguluwe zakutchire zimakonda anthu, akazi achikulire omwe ali ndi nyama zazing'ono komanso anyamata amuna ofooka amakhala m'gulu la anthu 30. Nthawi yakukhwima, kuyambira Novembala mpaka Januware, abambo akuluakulu amalumikizana ndi gulu la ng'ombe, omwe amakonda kukhala okha.
Makhalidwe
Khalidwe la nkhumba yachikulire silingafanane konse ndi nkhumba zoweta. Phokoso lililonse kapena chinthu chilichonse chosadziwika, mawonekedwe a munthu panjira yake, zimatha kupweteketsa chilombocho. Zokoleza za Bill ndizinyama zopangika pang'ono kuposa zimbalangondo. Kununkhira munthu, chimbalangondo amakonda kusiya. Nguluwe imangoyang'ana kwambiri zochitika zake, ndipo samalabadira zomwe zikuchitika kuzungulira. Kukumana ndi munthu kumatha kumuwopsa kapena kumukwiyitsa. Mulimonsemo, chilombo chokhala ndi mwayi wokwanira chidzaukira. Chilombo chovulala kapena chochita mantha chikuyesa kupha mdani ndi mphamvu zambiri. Choopsa chachikulu chachimuna ndi kwa amuna ndi chinsalu. Akazi amakonda kunyamula wotsutsa ndi miyendo yakutsogolo.
