Aulonocara Bensha (lat.Aulonocara baenschi) ndi cichlid wowala kwambiri komanso wopanda kwambiri ku Africa, amakula mpaka 13 cm. Imasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wake wonyezimira wachikaso wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yowoneka bwino pamwamba pa thupi komanso malo owala amtambo pachikuto cha gill, chomwe chimadutsa pamilomo.

Aulonocar a Bensh amakhala ku Nyanja ya Malawi, komanso m'malo ochepa, omwe anakhudza mtundu wake ndipo ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yosiyana ndi anthu ena aku Africa.

Monga maulonocars ena, Benshi amangofikira mu aquarium. Zowona, nthawi zambiri izi zimapangitsa kuti nsomba zikhale zochulukirapo komanso kuti zizisintha.

Mwachilengedwe, nsomba zimakhala zopanda nkhanza kuposa anthu ena aku Africa, ndipo ngakhale zikutuluka, zimakhala zochepa kapena zochepa. Onjezani kusasamala ku zabwino zonse, ndipo mumvetsetsa chifukwa chake ndizotchuka kwambiri pakati pa asodzi am'madzi. Chowala, chosanyalanyaza, malo okhalamo, imatha kukhala chokongoletsera chanu chazisamba.

Kukhala mwachilengedwe

Kwa nthawi yoyamba, a Bensh aulonocar adafotokozedwa mu 1985 posachedwapa. Imatchedwa baenschi pambuyo pa Dr. Ulrich Bensch, woyambitsa Tetra.

Mphepete mwa Nyanja ya Malawi, amapezeka pafupi ndi chilumba cha Maleri, ku Chipoka, pafupi ndi reef Nkohomo pafupi ndi Beng. Pazonse, pali mitundu 23 ya aulonocars, ngakhale pali mitundu yambiri.

Imakhala pakuya kwa mamita 4-6, koma imapezekanso kuzama kwakukulu, nthawi zambiri 10-16 metres. Amatha kukhala m'mapanga awiri ndikupanga zoweta zambiri. Monga lamulo, wamwamuna aliyense amakhala ndi gawo lake ndi pobisalira, ndipo akazi amapanga zoweta.

Amadyetsa tizilombo tosiyanasiyana tomwe timayang'ana ndikukakumba pansi pamchenga. Pofufuza chakudya, adapanga pores zapadera pa nsagwada. Amakhala ngati ana obadwa nawo omwe amathandiza kudziwa phokoso la mphutsi zozikika.

Akazunzika akapezeka, amamugwira limodzi ndi mchenga. Kenako mchenga umalowerera m'matumba, ndipo kachilombako kamatsalira pakamwa.

Kufotokozera

Amakula mpaka 13 cm, ngakhale amphongo amatha kukhala akulu, mpaka 15 cm ndi zina. Kuti mumve bwino utoto wake, wamphongo adzafunika zaka ziwiri. Komabe, amakhala ndi moyo wautali, mpaka zaka 10.

Amuna ambiri amakhala achikasu owoneka bwino, okhala ndi mikwaso ya buluu pamwamba pa thupi ndi malo amtambo pachikuto cha gill, chomwe chimafikira milomo. Nsombayo ili ndi mutu woterera wokhala ndi maso akulu. Akazi ndi imvi yopepuka kapena siliva wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yofiirira.

Popeza nsomba zimangophatikizana ndi ma cichlids ena, tsopano pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosiyanasiyana.

Kudyetsa

Ngakhale Benshee ndi yopatsa chidwi, m'chilengedwe imadyanso tizilombo. Nthawi zambiri pali mphutsi zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakhala pansi, koma zimadya tizilombo tina. Amakhala opanda chidwi ndi mbewu ndipo samawakhudza.

Mu aquarium, amafunikira chakudya chama protein: chakudya chodziwika bwino cha ma cichlids a ku Africa, daphnia, magazi, brimp shrimp, shrimp nyama, ndi tubule. Pomaliza muyenera kusamala ndikuwadyetsa osati pafupipafupi, koma nthawi ndi nthawi.

Muyenera kudyetsa achichepere kamodzi patsiku, mu nsomba zokhwima pakugonana 5-6 pa sabata. Yesetsani kuti musamwe mopitirira muyeso, chifukwa amatha kudya kwambiri.

Madzi mu Nyanja ya Malawi ali ndi mchere wambiri ndipo ndi wovuta. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizodziwika chifukwa chaukhondo komanso kukhazikika kwake pachaka.

Chifukwa chake zomwe zili mu ma cichlids aku Malawi, muyenera kusunga ukhondo wamadzi pamalo okwera ndikuwunikira magawo.

Kuti musunge pawiri muyenera kusungira ma lita 150, ndipo ngati mukufuna kusunga paketi, ndiye kuchokera pa malita 400 kapena kupitilira apo. Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito fyuluta yakunja yamphamvu, ndipo sabata iliyonse tengani madzi ndi madzi atsopano.

Kuphatikiza apo, yang'anirani kuchuluka kwa ammonia ndi nitrate m'madzi. Ma paramu okhutira: ph: 7.8-8.6, 10 - 18 dGH, kutentha 23-28C.

Kukongoletsa aquarium ndi nkhani ya kukoma kwanu, koma kapangidwe kake ndi miyala ndi mchenga. Miyala, kapena mwala wamchenga, amathandizira kupanga malo okhala ambiri omwe ma cichlids aku Africa amafunikira.

Ndipo amafunika mchenga, popeza m'chilengedwe ndi iye amene amagona pansi m'malo mwa nsomba.

Anthu a kuno ku Africa alibe chidwi ndi mbewu, kapena amangowadyera pamizu, ndiye kuti Anubias yekha amakhala nawo. Komabe, Aulonocars a Bensh sakhala akugwira mbewu.

Kugwirizana

Itha kusungidwa yokha komanso mu paketi. Wamphongo mmodzi ndi akazi asanu kapena asanu ndi mmodzi nthawi zambiri amakhala m'gulu.

Amuna awiri amatha kusungidwa pokhapokha ngati ma aquarium ndi ochuluka kwambiri ndipo m'makomo mwake muli malo ambiri, momwe aliyense wamwamuna amapeza gawo lake.

Lumikizanani bwino ndi ma cichlids ena amtendere, ofanana kukula kwake. Ngati ikusungidwa ndi nsomba yayikulu kwambiri, ndiye kuti aulonocar amathanso kudyedwa kapena kupukusa, ndipo ang'onoang'ono amatha kuyidya.

Monga lamulo, m'madzimo ndi anthu aku Africa mulibe nsomba zamtundu wina. Koma, pakatikati pamadzi, mutha kukhala ndi nsomba zothamanga, mwachitsanzo neon irises, ndi catfish yotsika, othandizira omwewo.

Yesetsani kuti musayanjane ndi maululofoni ena, chifukwa nsomba zimasamba mosavuta ndikupanga ma hybrids.

Kuswana

Njira yabwino kwambiri yoberekera ndikusunga wamphongo wamwamuna ndi wamkazi zisanu ndi imodzi kumalo amodzi am'madzi. Amuna amakhala ankhanza kwambiri kwa akazi, ndipo wotere amalolera kufalitsa zankhanza.

Asanakhazikike, yamphongo imapakidwa utoto wowala, ndipo ndibwino nthawi ino kubzala nsomba zina, chifukwa azidzazitsatira.

Ndikosavuta kuwona kubadwanso kwa aulonokara, popeza chilichonse chimadutsa m'phanga lopanda kanthu.

Makolo amatenga caviar mkamwa mwawo, akangotuluka, wamkazi amatola kaphikidwe kamkamwa mwake, ndipo mwamunayo amakhathamiritsa.

Amabereka mazira 20 mpaka 40 mpaka atasambira ndikudya yekha.

Izi nthawi zambiri zimatha mpaka milungu itatu.

Chakudya chopatsa thanzi

Mwachilengedwe, zimadyera pansi, ndikumasefa magawo ndi milomo, ndikuyika zosefera, makungwa, zina ndi zina. Mu malo osungirako zanyumba, zakudya zapamadzi zaku Malawi zokhala ndi zofunikira zonse za mbewu ndi mapuloteni ziyenera kukondedwa. Ngati ndi kotheka, ma flakes akulu kapena mphete zitha kuponderezedwa kuti zitheke kumeza nsomba. Zakudya zakunyumba sizolandilidwa. Dyetsani ochepa magawo 3-4 patsiku.

Pofuna kukonzanso bwino kagulu ka nsomba zazikulire, pamafunika madzi okwanira 200 malita. Chojambulachi chimagwiritsa ntchito miyala ikuluikulu / miyala kapena zinthu zina zokongoletsa, mchenga wamchenga komanso mbewu zopanda ulemu, mwachitsanzo, Anubias, Vallisneria, Arrow-leaved ndi zina.
Mikhalidwe yamadzi ili ndi mapangidwe apamwamba a pH komanso dGH. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa kosefera kopindulitsa pamodzi ndi kusintha kwakanthawi kwamlungu ndi madzi mwatsopano (15-20% ya voliyumu) ​​kulola kukhalabe ndi hydrochemical mamiriro pamlingo woyenera. Ndikofunika kugula zosefera zokhala ndi zosefera zomwe zimakulitsa kuuma kwa madzi kuti mupewe kusinthasintha kwamphamvu kwa dGH.

Khalidwe ndi Kugwirizana

Amphongo amakhala amwano kwa wina ndi mzake ndipo ali ndi malo osungika am'madzi amtundu wina ndipo azimayi ndi osagonjetseka, kuphatikiza, amatha kuwombera nsomba zomwe zimakhala ndi mtundu wofanana nawo. Enawo ndi ochezeka kwambiri kwa oimira mitundu ina. Kusankha kwabwino kwambiri ndi chikazi chimodzi chachikasu chachimuna limodzi ndi akazi angapo oyandikana ndi nsomba zazitali zazitali.

Matenda a nsomba

Chomwe chimayambitsa matenda ambiri m'Malawi cichlids ndi malo osayenera komanso chakudya chosakwanira, chomwe chimayambitsa matenda monga kufalikira ku Malawi. Ngati zizindikiro zoyambirira zapezeka, muyenera kuwunika magawo am'madzi ndi kupezeka kwa zinthu zoopsa (ammonia, nitrites, nitrate, ndi zina), ngati kuli kofunikira, bweretsani zonsezo ndikuzindikira pokhapokha pokhapokha potsatira chithandizo. Kuti mumve zambiri pazizindikiro ndi chithandizo, onani gawo la Aquarium Fish Diseases.

Nyasa kapena Mfumukazi Nyasa

Imodzi mwamagulu osangalatsa kwambiri ndi ofunidwa pambuyo panu m'madzi am'madzi.

Pali amuna a mitundu yosiyanasiyana, achikasu, am'mlengalenga komanso amitundu yamakorali. Mtundu wofala kwambiri ndi thupi ndi maolivi akuda mumtundu, zipse za buluu komanso chingwe chofiira. Pachifukwa ichi amatchedwa Peacock wofiirira. Mukatulutsa, mtundu wa amuna umakhala wowonekera kwambiri. Akazi ndi ofatsa, otuwa komanso amtundu wakuda.

Uku ndiye kutha kwa labotale yapansi panthaka ku Malawi, ndizosatheka kuwona nsomba iyi m'matupi ena amadzi mwachilengedwe. Amakonda madzi oyera komanso kuthekera koyenda momasuka. Mu aquarium, amazindikira ndikupereka moni kwa mwini wawo pamene akuyandikira. Amalumikizana wina ndi mnzake ndi mayendedwe ake ndi mawu ake.

Amakonda kufufuza zolengedwa, kusefa dothi, chifukwa chake pansi ndikofunikira kwambiri. Munthu m'modzi amatenga malita pafupifupi 50. Kutengera izi, simukuyenera kusankha Aquarium yayitali, koma yayitali komanso yayitali. Ndikofunika kusunga zazimuna ndi zazikazi zingapo limodzi. Pa chikhalidwe ichi, ma morphs adapezeka: marble, albino, bluu neon.

Makhalidwe akunja

Kunja, nsomba ndi muyezo wa ma cichlids. Mphamvu yolimba, yolimba pambuyo pake, yokhala ndi milomo yodzaza ndi milomo yodzaza ndi maso akulu, zipsepse zomveka bwino. Aulonokaras ali ndi msana wautali, womwe umayamba pafupifupi kuchokera kumutu ndikuyenda kumchira. Mizere yoopsa ndiyitali pang'ono, yomwe imapereka mawonekedwe. An anal fin amayamba pakati pa thupi ndipo amalozedwanso. Zipsepse zamkati zimapangidwa bwino. Chinthu chosiyanitsa - mawonekedwe ang'ono pamutu.

Bensha (Hansbensha)

Adatchulidwa pambuyo pa Dr. Ulrich Bensch, woyambitsa Tetra. Dzina lake lina limadziwikanso kuti - Mfumukazi ya Golide, yomwe idalandiridwa ndi mtundu wa dzuwa wa thupi ndi milozo yamtambo. Zipsepse zamtambo wabuluu ndi mkombero woyera kuzungulira m'mphepete. Gawo lamutu ndi kamwa limakhala lotuwa. Iris ndi maluwa achikasu. Kukula kwakukulu kwa nsomba ndi cm cm.

Mitundu yaukali kwambiri, udani pakati pa amuna imangowoneka pakubala. Anthu oyandikana nawo adekha.

Pali ma subspecies a Benshi - Maleri, omwe nthawi zina amatchedwa dzuwa kapena pikoko yachikasu.

Stuartgranti Ngara

Kuphatikiza pa dzina lake la sayansi, amadziwika kuti Grant Peacock kapena Royal Peacock. Amuna amapaka utoto mitundu yonse yodziwika. Kuwala kwawo kwakukulu kumawonekera ndi zaka 2. Kukula 12 cm cm. Wamkazi wopatsa chidwi, imvi. Kutengera mtundu, ma morphs ambiri adapangidwa:

• Multicolor. Ili ndi utoto wowala: mawanga owala kapena amtambo wabuluu amapezeka mwadzidzidzi pa golide kapena maziko ofiira. Izi ndi zotsatira za kusankha kwakanthawi komanso kowawa. Sakhala m'malo achilengedwe. Thupi masentimita 15. Zikopa za ma Dorsal: amuna ndi akuthwa, zazikazi zozungulira, zotuwa.

• Orchid wofiira kapena Strawberry. Amapangidwa pamaziko a mitundu ingapo. Nsomba zazing'ono 10-13 masentimita okhala ndi mutu waukulu, thupi lolemekezeka, kumbuyo kwenikweni. Ana ndi akazi ali ndi imvi ndi zokometsera zasiliva. Amuna - ofiira, agolide, lalanje. Amakhala ndi utoto pakatha miyezi 10. Chilengedwe. Mukatulutsa, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya 8 imapezeka. Kuti tisunge mawonekedwe oyamba, ndibwino kusakanikirana ma sitiroberi ndi oimira ena.

• Rubin Wofiyira. Thupi la 12 mpaka 15 cm. Akazi ndi a bulauni kapena ofiira. Amphongo achikuda amoto wamutu wokhala ndi mutu wabuluu ndi mikwaso yoyera.

• Rose. Dzinali limachokera chifukwa cha mithunzi yapinki. Kutalika kwa 12-15 cm. Thupi limakhala lokwera, lathyathyathya kumbali. Pakamwa yaying'ono yokhala ndi milomo yopapatiza.

• Marmalade kapena motley. Nsomba zazing'ono 5-7 cm kutalika. Mtundu wosangalatsa, koma pakati pawo palinso wopanda utoto.

Munthawi zachilengedwe amatha kukhala akuya kwa 15-20 m, ndikofunikira kuti pansi ndikamchenga ndi mulu wamiyala. Pa nyengo yakuswana, abambo amateteza gawo lawo mwachangu.

Mayland

Utoto wamdima wakuda bii. Imakhala m'mitundu iwiri yosiyanasiyana, yosiyana kwambiri ndi mzere wamkulu kumbuyo: yoyera kapena yachikaso. Kukula kwa 8-10 masentimita .. Kuchulukitsa kosunga pakhomo ndikwabwino kuposa 100 l, komwe wamwamuna wokhala ndi akazi aakazi amakhala ndi moyo.

Mitundu ya Aulonocar

Ma cichlids aku Malawi amadziwika ndi kusiyanasiyana kotchulidwa pakugonana: Amuna okha ndi owala komanso okongola. Zachikazi zimazimiririka nthawi zonse, ndipo ndi utoto waimuna, mutha kumvetsetsa mtundu womwe uli. Kufotokozera za mitundu ya mitundu iliyonse si ntchito yophweka. Chodziwika bwino pakati pa mitundu yonseyi ndi kukhalapo kwa miyeso yambiri yowala, yowala ngakhale yowala.

• aulonokara orchid, sitiroberi wamtchire - wosanjidwa mosiyanasiyana, ali ndi utoto wowala wokhala ndi mawonekedwe ofiira ofiira. Mutu mpaka gill umaphimba miyala yamtengo wapatali ndi miyala yofiira. Mtambo wamtambo umapezeka pamiyendo ya dorsal mu mawonekedwe a mikwingwirima yopyapyala komanso pa caudal fin momwe amawonekera mawalo ozungulira,

• Aulonocara multicolor ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka ya kuswana. Mtundu waukulu wa thupi ndi lalanje kuchokera ku chikasu mpaka kufiyira. Pafupifupi mchira, miyeso imakongoletsedwa ndi buluu m'malo ena, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kusintha kwa utoto kuwonekere bwino. Pa ngodya ina yowunikira, mikwingwirima imawala pang'ono. Mawanga akuda a mawonekedwe osasamba amapezeka thupi lonse, kuphatikiza zipsepse. M ziphuphu zomwezo zimatha kupakidwa utoto wamtundu kapena mawonekedwe owoneka amtambo,

• aulonokara nyasa, aulonokara mfumukazi nyasa - nsomba zamtambo zofiirira zofiirira. Amuna amakhala ndi masinthidwe amtundu wofiirira-wamtambo ndi wachikasu, kufupi ndi anal fin amatha kumakhala pafupifupi akuda, zazikazi zimakhala zofananira buluu ndi mikwingwirima yakuda ndi mawonekedwe opepuka a mawonekedwe osasangalatsa. Mikwingwirima yopingasa imasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu kuchoka pamtambo wakuda mpaka wakuda, ndipo imatha kuzimiririka ngati nsomba ili ndi mantha. Ma anal amatha kukhala ndi malire amawu ofiira ofiira, msana womaliza nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi malire, pafupifupi loyera,

• aulonokara bensha, mfumukazi wagolide - mtundu wa mandimu-chikasu ukupambana. Pakhoza kukhala malo owoneka abuluu mthupi lonse. Mbali yakumunsi ya mutu ndi yowoneka bwino. Zingwe zopingasa zimakhala ndi mthunzi wopepuka kuyerekeza ndi thupi lonse.

• aulonocara red flash ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yofanana ndi nyasa, koma mtundu wake suyenda wakuda, ndipo kusintha kwa red kumawonekera bwino kumbuyo kwa gill. M zipsepse zamtchire mulinso zofiirira zonyezimira, zokhala ndi ray ray kutsogolo. Mikwingwirima yoima ndi yakuda ndi utoto wofiirira. Malire omaliza a dorsal ndi oyera oyera,

• aulonocara wofiira ruby ​​- mawonekedwe osokoneza. Mitundu yayikulu ya thupi ndi iwiri - yofiyira komanso yamtambo. Thupi la nsombali ndi lofiira ndikusintha kwa malaya ofiirira komanso amtambo wakuda. Mutu ndi wa buluu, ndipo zipsepse zimaphatikiza mithunzi iwiri iyi chimodzimodzi.

• aulonocara maylanda ndi nsomba ya buluu yokhala ndi mikwingwirima yakuda ndi chingwe chowala chachikaso kuchokera pamilomo yapamwamba mpaka kumapeto kwa msana. Mwa zina, chikasu chimapita kumapeto, ndikupanga m'mphepete. Akazi nawonso ndi amtambo, oyenda pang'ono komanso ocheperako,

• Freiberg aulonocara, gulugufe waku Malawi - woyimira wamkulu kwambiri wamtunduwu (amatha kukula mpaka 17 cm). Mtunduwu ndi wofanana ndi ruby ​​wofiira. Kusiyanako kuli m'mipasa yapamwamba. Dorsal ndiwokwera kuposa nsomba zina, wokhala ndi utoto wokhotakhota wopaka pafupifupi yoyera. Mtambo wopindika umakhala wofalikira: Tizilombo tambiri timakhala tambiri m'mbali, timafupika bwino mpaka pakati,

• aulonokara red chinjoka - mawonekedwe wosakanizidwa, pamapangidwe ofiira pang'ono timitseko tambiri, timene timawala bwino. Maso achikasu

• Aulonocara Stuart Grant, Stuartgranti - ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana: ya buluu, yachikasu yobiriwira kapena yokhala ndi mithunzi iwiri - buluu ndi lalanje. Nsomba zamtambo zili ndi mikwingwirima yakuda, yomwe imakhala yoyera pakhungu. Orange imawoneka ndi mutu wakuda wabuluu ndi zipsepse zomwezo, zomwe zimawoneka ndi ulusi wabuluu kumala. Mtundu wosakanikirana: gawo lakumutu ndilabuluu, mbali yakumtambo ndi yabuluu, utoto uwu umafikira kumchira kumbuyo. Belly, thupi lotsika ndi mchira wake ndi lalanje, zipsepse zonse ndimtambo wabuluu,

• pinki aulonocara, rose aulonocara - mtundu woweta, wopaka utoto wamtundu wa pinki ndikusintha kuchokera ku utoto mpaka utoto wokhazikika ndi mawanga ozungulira pamipikisano.

Maulana

Anthu amtundu wabuluu wokhala ndi mtambo wachikaso thupi lonse. Kutalika kwa 10-15 masentimita .. Kuthengo, kumakonda mabanki amchenga okhala ndi kuya mpaka mamita 5. Chakudya - ma invertebrates ang'ono pansi. Mu aquarium, mchenga ndiwofunikira monga dothi komanso zokongoletsera zamiyala. Amakhala mpaka zaka 15.

Momwe mungakhalire ndi aulonocara

Maonekedwe a nsomba amakhudzidwa ndi momwe amamangidwira, makamaka kukula kwa pansi pamadzi. Ngati nsombayi yabzalidwa pang'ono, siyingafikire kukongola kwake ndipo sichitenga utoto wonse. Ndi ma aulonocars angati omwe amakhala mu aquarium yakunyumba - mpaka zaka 10 zokhala ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri komanso zochepa ngati chithandizo sichikwanira.

Aurika

Dzina lachi Latin loti Trematocranus kapena Aulonocara kapena Jacobfreibergi Eureka ogulitsa. Woimira mitundu yamiyala, yomwe imadziwika ndi mawonekedwe amizeremizere. Mbiri yayitali ya amuna ndi abuluu, ndipo mitundu yofiira, yachikaso kapena lalanje imakhalapo pa thupi, mutu ndi kumbuyo. Zipsepse zimakhala zoyera kumapeto. Kukula kwa 8-13 cm.

Chinjoka Chofiira

Mutha kupeza mayina ena a haibridi awa: Magazi a Chinjoka, Firefish kapena Strawberry. Inadziwitsidwa ndi kudutsa mitundu itatu. Mamba amapaka utoto wofiira kwambiri, kufupi ndi mchirawo. Kutalika kwa 13 cm.

Makonzedwe a Aquarium

• voliyumu ya aquarium - kwa gulu la nsomba 3-4 zidutswa - kuchokera 150 l. Mokulira, kuchuluka kwa nsomba kumatha kukhala. Ma aquarium okhala ndi ma cichlids amakhala amoyo nthawi zonse, odzaza ndi kuyendayenda, kotero voliyumu yaying'ono siyabwino,
• mchenga wabwino kapena mtsinje wa 3-5 mm udzakhala njira yabwino yothetsera, mtundu wake ulibe kanthu, mutha kuyang'ana pazopangidwazo,
• Zosefera zimakhala zakunja kokha, popeza voliyumu ndi yayikulu. Fyuluta yakunja imagwirizana ndi kuipitsa bwino, imasunga magawo a madzi ndikuyipangitsa kuti ikhale yothandiza
• aeration - kuzungulira wotchi, wogwira ntchito,
• zimatengera kuyatsa ngati aulonokara adzawoneka bwino. Kukongola kwa utoto kumaonekera kwambiri pakuwala kosasinthika, komanso m'mayilo amagetsi apadera okhala ndi mithunzi,
• Zomera zopangidwa mwaluso zimayenera kukumbidwa mwamphamvu pansi, popeza opanga ma cichlids amakonda kukonzanso chilichonse. Zomera zamoyo sizoyenera ma cichlids (kupatula Wallisneria ndi Echinodorus), popeza zambiri sizipirira kufufutidwa, zimakula bwino ndikufa. Zomera zoyandama pamwamba zingakhale zowonjezera bwino za mavitamini pazakudya za nsomba,
• zokongoletsera zimaphatikizapo miyala, matalala, matako.

Zodyetsa

Kwa nyama zodya nyama, zomwe zimapanga chakudya ndicho chakudya cham'mimba: magazi, chovunda cha pollock, shrimp. Mutha kupatsa onse atsopano komanso achisanu chakudya.

Kuphatikiza pazakudya zama protein, mankhwala othandizira azitsamba monga mawonekedwe a chakudya chouma, chimanga ndi granules ndi zofunika. Pali zosakanikirana zapadera kuti zisunge mtundu wa ma cichlids aku Malawi, omwe ndi abwino kwa aulonokaras.

Chakudya chitha kusinthidwa. Akuluakulu amadyetsedwa kamodzi patsiku, nyama zazing'ono zimatha kukhala ziwiri. Onetsetsani kuti mwamwetsa magawo: ngati chakudya (makamaka chouma) chikukhazikika pansi, nsomba sizingakutolere, ndipo izi zisokoneza magawo amadzi.

Freiberg

Mitundu yotchuka imachokera ku imvi-chikasu mpaka mtundu wa lalanje. Mikwingwirima yotsimikizika yooneka yooneka. Ndi chisamaliro chabwino chimakula mpaka masentimita 17. Kusiyana kwa mtundu uwu: mchira wake umapangidwa kwambiri, ndipo kumbuyo kwa zipsezizo zina kumakhala timiyala tokhala ndi spiky.

Zoyambira Aquarium

Aulonokara akufuna kwambiri pazikhalidwe zomwe akumangidwa. Amafunikira madzi oyera, malo abata, anthu osachepera 6-10 (akazi ambiri). Kuchuluka kwa madzi kwa nsomba imodzi kumakhala pafupifupi malita 80, ndipo kwa gulu - osachepera 300 malita. Pakuchita bwino, zotsatirazi ziyenera:

• Zosefera zabwino ndi compressor. Sinthani madzi sabata iliyonse ndi kotala.
• Kutentha + 24 ... + 27 ° С. Kusintha kwa madigiri angapo ndikovomerezeka, koma pokhapokha nthawi yakuswana.
• Kuunikira kovuta, bwino kwambiri ndi nyali zapadera. Kuwala kolunjika kumatsutsana.
• Kuuma 8-16 °.
• Acidity 7-8 pH. Malo osakhazikika kapena pang'ono amchere.
• Mchenga wowuma kapena miyala yaying'ono imagwiritsidwa ntchito panthaka. 5c cm.
• Zomera zam'madzi ndizosankha zokha. Ngati mukubzala, siyani malo oti nsomba ziziyenda.
• Ndikofunika kuyika malo ena okhala (mainsail, miyala), koma osati zochuluka.

Matenda ndi Kuteteza

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ambiri ndi kusakhala bwino komanso zakudya zoyenera. Ngati magawo azachilengedwe sakugwirizana ndi zofunikira, ndiye kuti chitetezo chokwanira chimachepetsedwa, ndipo nsomba imayamba kugwidwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana owazungulira.

Pakukayikira koyamba kwa matenda, madzi, kapangidwe kake ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu za nayitrogeni ziyenera kufufuzidwa. Kubwezeretsa zikhalidwe zonse, nsomba zimabwereranso momwe zimakhalira, koma nthawi zina zimafunikira chithandizo chapadera. Kenako, ma anti-wodziwikiratu maantibayomiki amagwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka chizindikiro cha matendawa chitha.

Chakudya chopatsa thanzi chokwanira chimayambitsa matendawa - Bloating Malawi. Zovuta pamayendedwe othamanga ndi zotsatira zoyipa. Zizindikiro zakunja: Kutha kwa chilakolako chakufa, kuyenda kwa ulesi, kupupuluma kwamaso komanso kupuma movutikira.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kupezeka zimatha kukhala zosiyana, koma ziyenera kuwonedwa zovuta. Ndikofunika kutsatira zonse zofunika kuti nsomba zizisungidwa m'madzi.