Ma skunks (lat. Merhitidae) - nyama za banja Zinyama Mamiliyoni komanso gulu lakale kwambiri laizilombo. Mpaka posachedwapa, ma skunks nthawi zambiri amachokera ku banja la a Kunya ndi a Merhitinae subfamily, koma chifukwa cha kafukufuku wama molekyulu, zinali zotheka kutsimikizira kulondola kwa magawidwe awo ku banja logawikana, lomwe, malinga ndi deta ina, likugwirizana kwambiri ndi banja la Pandov, ndipo osati Raccoon.
Mawonekedwe
Ma skunk onse amadziwika ndi mtundu wokhala ndi mikwingwirima kapena mawanga oyera oyera pamiyeso yakuda. Mwachitsanzo, zingwe zazingwe zimakhala ndi mikwaso yoyera kwambiri kumbuyo kwawo komwe kumachokera kumutu mpaka kumapeto kwa mchira. Njira yowoneka bwino yotereyi imakhala chenjezo lotchedwa chenjezo, ndipo imatha kupewa zolepheretsa zomwe zimayambana ndi adani.
Ndizosangalatsa! Oyimira ochepa kwambiri m'banjali ndi ma skunks (Spilogale), omwe thupi lake limasiyana pakati pa 0,2-1.0 kg. Chachikulu kwambiri - Pig Skunk (Conneratus) ali ndi kulemera kwa makilogalamu 4.0-4,5.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino za skunk ndi kupezeka kwa ma tezi onunkhira bwino, omwe amapanga chinthu chowonongeka chomwe chili ndi fungo losasinthika komanso losasangalatsa. Nyama zam'madzi za Skunk zimatha kupopera mwachinsinsi mpaka kukafika pa mita isanu ndi umodzi. Ma skunks onse amadziwika ndi mtundu wamphamvu kwambiri, wamatumbo otetemera, mchira wofewa komanso miyendo yofupikitsa yokhala ndi zikhadabo zamphamvu komanso zopangidwa bwino zomwe zimasinthidwa bwino kuti kukumba mabowo.
Makhalidwe ndi machitidwe
Ma skunks ndiofala m'malo osiyanasiyana monga mapiri a udzu komanso malo amtchire, komanso mapiri ambiri. Nyama zoyamwitsa zimayesetsa kupewetsa kukhala pamalo opanda matope kapena odera. Skunks ndi nyama zomwe sizikugona ndipo zili m'gulu la zilombo zodabwitsa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, nyamayo imakumba dzenje palokha, koma ngati pakufunika kutero, ikhoza kukhalanso ndi zomata zopangidwa ndi nyama zina. Anthu ena am'banjamo amadziwa kukwera mitengo bwino.
Nyama zomwe zimakhala kumpoto kwa masanjidwewo kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira zimayamba kudziunjikira mafuta osungirako. M'nyengo yozizira, ma skunk ambiri sachita hibernate, koma amakhala otopa ndipo sasiya nyumba zawo kukafunafuna chakudya. Nyama nthawi yozizira mosalekeza, kumalumikizana m'magulu aimuna ndi akazi ambiri nthawi imodzi.
Ndizosangalatsa! Ma Skunks amadziwika ndi fungo labwino komanso kumva makutu, koma nyama yotereyi imakhala ndi maso osawoneka bwino, kotero kuti mamiliyoni satha kusiyanitsa zinthu zomwe zili mamita atatu kapena kupitilira pamenepo.
M'nyengo yotentha, nyama zoyamwitsa zimakonda kusungulumwa, sizikhala ndi malo enieni ndipo sizikhala ndi malire a ziwembu zake. Chiwembu chokhazikika, monga lamulo, chimatenga munthu wamkazi wachikulire 2-4 km, ndipo osapitirira 20 km² kwa amuna.
Mabuku Awonjezedwa Posachedwa
ISBN: | 978-5-389-11204-9 |
Chaka chofalitsa: | 2019 |
Wofalitsa: | ABC, ABC Atticus |
Mndandanda: | Worlds of Maria Semenova |
Lilime: | Russian |
Mabungwe azolimbikitsa chitetezo komanso olakwira dziko la St. Petersburg nawonso ali ndi mantha ndi nkhani zowopsa: wakupha wodabwitsa yemwe dzina lake Skuns afika kuchokera kunja. Palibe amene adamuwona, palibe amene amadziwa dzina lake. Zonse zomwe zimadziwika ndikuti samalakwitsa kapena kusiya kutsatira. Ndipo bungwe la Aegis Plus - ntchito yachinsinsi yochotsa zipani zosafunikira makamaka aupandu olusa - iyenera kuyangana ndi mdani uyu!
Mabungwe azolimbikitsa chitetezo komanso olakwira dziko la St. Petersburg nawonso ali ndi mantha ndi nkhani zowopsa: wakupha wodabwitsa yemwe dzina lake Skuns afika kuchokera kunja. Palibe…
ISBN: | 978-5-389-15779-8 |
Chaka chofalitsa: | 2019 |
Wofalitsa: | ABC |
Mndandanda: | Worlds of Maria Semenova |
Lilime: | Russian |
Ubale pakati pa wakuphayo Skunks ndi ntchito yachinsinsi Aegis Plus ndi abwana ake Plescheev akupitiliza kukulira. Kumbali imodzi, Aegidists ali ndi malamulo okhwima: kutsatira Skunk ndikuwononga thupi. Komabe, amamva chisoni kwambiri ndi munthuyu.
Ubale pakati pa wakuphayo Skunks ndi ntchito yachinsinsi Aegis Plus ndi abwana ake Plescheev akupitiliza kukulira. Kumbali imodzi, Aegidists ali ndi malamulo okhwima: kutsata Skunk ndi ...
ISBN: | 978-5-91181-846-3 |
Chaka chofalitsa: | 2008 |
Wofalitsa: | Zilembo zamakedzana |
Mndandanda: | Security kampani "Aegis" |
Lilime: | Russian |
Ndi buku ili, a Sem Semvava, m'modzi wolemba wotchuka kwambiri, yemwe amalemba mabuku ogulitsa bwino kwambiri monga Wolfhound, Valkyrie, Kudeyar, ndi Lupanga la Akufa, akupitilizabe kuzungulira kwa mabuku onena za omwe anapha a Skuns ndi antchito a bungwe la Aegis Plus - Ntchito Yobisalira pakuchotsa kosavomerezeka kwa olamulira ankhanza oopsa ("Yemweyo ndi Skunks", "Yemweyo ndi Skunks-2").
Mu mzinda wakummwera wa Saisk, kavalo wamtengo wapatali adabedwa, kupatula kukhala onyamula katundu wamtundu wapadera. Zolinga za achifwamba zimaphwanyidwa ndikulowerera kwa woyendetsa ndege yemwe mwangozi adazindikira kavalo. Akuluakulu sangathe kuthana ndi nkhaniyi, ndipo ogwira ntchito ku bungwe la Aegis Plus amachita. Pakati pa anthu omwe akufuna kuti abuluwo abwererenso, palinso wakupha wina wotchedwa Skunk.
Ndi buku ili, a Maria Semenova, m'modzi wolemba wotchuka kwambiri ku Russia, yemwe adapanga mabuku ogulitsa bwino kwambiri monga Wolfhound, Valkyrie, Kudeyar ndi Lupanga la Akufa, akupitiliza kuzungulira kwa mabuku ...
Zingati ma skunk amakhala
Moyo wonse wa skunk umakhala modekha, ngakhale pang'ono pang'ono pang'ono, komanso kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa nyama zachilengedwe chotere kumasiyana mosiyanasiyana kutengera mitundu ya zinthu. Monga momwe zowonera zikusonyezera, kuthengo nyama imatha kukhala zaka pafupifupi ziwiri kapena zitatu, ndipo mu ukapolo imatha kukhala zaka khumi.
Mitundu ya Skunks
Akatswiri pakadali pano amasiyanitsa mitundu inayi yokha ya genera ndi mitundu khumi ndi iwiri ya ma skunks.
Mitundu ya Nkhumba-skunks imayimiridwa ndi:
- South Skunk (Concetus chinga),
- Humboldt Skunk (Conneus humboldtii),
- Eastern Mexico kapena White-Skunk (Coneratus leuconotus),
- Half-Striped Skunk (Conneratus semistriatus).
Genus Striped Skunks woperekedwa:
- Mexico skunk (Merhitis macroura),
- Striped Skunk (Merhitis merchitis).
Mitundu ya smelly Badger, nthawi ina kale ya banja la a Kunya komanso otchulidwa kuti skunk, ikuyimiridwa ndi:
- Sunda smelly badger (Mydaus javanensis),
- Palawan smelly badger (Mydaus marshei).
Mitundu ya Spotted Skunks imayimiridwa ndi:
- Wofalikira kum'mwera kwa skunk (Srilogale angustifrons),
- Skunk yaying'ono (Srilogale gracilis),
- Spotted Skunk (Srilogale Putoriu),
- Dwarf skunk (Srilogale Rygmaea).
Striped skunk ndi nyama yokhala ndi kulemera kwamtunda wa 1,2-5.3 kg. Mtunduwu ndiwofala kwambiri pabanja. Malo okhala mitunduyi akuimiridwa ndi dera la North America kuchokera ku Canada kupita ku Mexico, komwe limakonda dera lokhalo.
Mexico skunk - nyama yam'madzi yamtunduwu ndi wachibale wapafupi kwambiri wamtambo wopindika ndipo imafanana nayo. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu kumayimiriridwa ndi chovala chotalikirapo komanso chofewa. Pamalo am'mutu, nyamayo imakhalanso ndi tsitsi lalitali, chifukwa chomwe nyamayi imakhala ndi dzina loyambirira "Hood Skunk". Malo okhala amayimiridwa ndi dera la Mexico ndi mayiko ena akumwera kwa USA, kuphatikiza Arizona ndi Texas.
Spkun yomwe ili kum'mawa kwa Spkun ndi malo oyimira ochepa kwambiri pa banja la Skunk. Kusiyana kwina kwamtunduwu ndi mtundu wake. Chovala chimakhala ndi mikwingwirima yoyera, yomwe imapangitsa kuti anthu azinena. Malo okhala amayimiriridwa ndi gawo la America. Skunk waku South America - mawonekedwe ndi zizolowezi zonse ndi zofanana kwambiri ndi skunk. Malo okhala akuimiridwa ndi maiko ambiri ku South America, kuphatikiza Bolivia ndi Peru, Paraguay ndi Argentina, komanso Chile.
Habitat, malo okhala
Pafupifupi nthumwi zambiri za banja la nyama zoyamwitsa komanso gulu la zilombo pafupifupi pafupifupi m'madera onse a Dziko Latsopano. Nyama zochokera ku genus Striped skunks zafalikira kuchokera kumwera kwa Canada kupita ku Costa Rica, ndipo mtundu wa nkhumba-skunk umakhala m'madera kuchokera kumwera kwa America kupita ku Argentina.
Oimira mtundu wa Spotted skunks amatha kupezeka kuchokera kumayiko akumwera kwenikweni kwa Briteni ndi dera la Pennsylvania mpaka ku Costa Rica. Zikwangwani zonunkhira zotchedwa skunk ndi mitundu iwiri yomwe imakhala kunja kwa America, ndipo imapezekanso kuzilumba za Indonesia.
Zakudya za Skunk
Ma skunk ndi nyama zowoneka bwino zomwe zimadyetsa nyama komanso masamba.. Nyama zimadyera ntchentche zoimira zing'onozing'onozo, ndipo nyama zomwe zimadyera zingakhale mbewa, mbeza, agologolo, agalu achichepere ndi akakhanda, mitundu ina ya nsomba ndi crustaceans, komanso ziwala, mphutsi ndi mphutsi. Ndi chisangalalo, nyama zotere zimadya masamba ndi tirigu, mbewu zambiri zamasamba, zipatso ndi masamba, ndi mtedza osiyanasiyana. Ngati ndi kotheka, carrion amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu chakudya.
Ndizosangalatsa! Ma skunks osungidwa monga ziweto zosowa kwambiri amatha kulemera pafupifupi kangapo anzawo, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chakudya chamafuta ambiri.
Pokonzekera kusaka usiku, ma skunki amagwiritsa ntchito kununkhira kwawo komanso kumva, ndipo atazindikira kuti ali ndi vuto la tizilombo kapena abuluzi, amayamba kukumba pansi mwachangu ndikusiya masamba kapena miyala ndi mphuno zawo. Makoswe ang'onoang'ono amakula mano awo pakadumpha. Kuchotsa khungu kapena spines ku nyama, nyama imakugudubuza pansi. Nyamayi imakonda kwambiri uchi, womwe umadyedwa pamodzi ndi uchi ndi uchi.
Adani achilengedwe
Ma skunk amodzi amadya masamba ambiri a udzu ndi nyama zovulaza, kuphatikizapo tizilombo ndi makoswe. Nthawi yomweyo, ma skunk onse sakhala m'gulu lazinthu zofunika kwambiri pazakudya zamtundu wina, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha fungo lakuthwa komanso lonyansa lomwe limapangidwa ndi tiziwisi tambiri.
Ma skunks samangokhala ndi magulu okhawo, komanso onyamula majeremusi ena owopsa komanso ma pathojeni, kuphatikiza matenda monga histoplasmosis. Komanso nyama zakuthengo nthawi zambiri zimadwala matenda a chiwewe. Komabe, adani akuluakulu a ma skunk ndi anthu omwe amawononga zinyama zotere chifukwa cha fungo lawo losasangalatsa komanso zochitika zaposachedwa za kuukira kwa nkhuku zazing'ono.
Ndizosangalatsa! Nyama zina zazing'ono zomwe zimadya nyama, kuphatikiza zinkhanira, nkhandwe, nkhanu, malamba amtundu waku Canada, komanso mbalame zikuluzikulu, zimatha kuukira achichepere osati okalamba.
Chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu obadwa kwa mibadwo yosiyanasiyana amafa chifukwa cha ngozi zapamsewu kapena akamadya nyambo zapadera.
Kubala ndi kubereka
Nthawi yogwira ma skunk imagwera nthawi yophukira, pafupifupi mu Seputembala. Kumayambiriro kwa Okutobala, kupanga umuna kwa amuna kutha. Akazi amakhala okhwima mokwanira chaka chimodzi atabadwa, ndipo estrus mu nyama yotero imangopezeka mu Seputembala. Skunk ndi a nyama zamtala, chifukwa chake amuna amatha kukwatirana ndi akazi angapo nthawi imodzi, koma osatenga nawo mbali posamalira ana.
Kutalika kwa nthawi ya bere ndi masiku 28-31. Nyama zam'mimba zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe - ngati kuli kotheka, wamkazi amakhala ndi chizengerezi chodzala ndi mwana wosabadwayo kumakhoma, komwe ndi kupukusa kwapadera kwa embryonic. Pankhaniyi, nthawi ya bere imatha kupitilizidwa mpaka miyezi iwiri, kenako nkubadwa ana atatu mpaka khumi omwe akulemera 22.0-22.5 g Ana amakanda amabadwa ali akhungu komanso ogontha, ophimbidwa ndi khungu lofanana ndi mawonekedwe ofewa.
Pakupita pafupifupi milungu ingapo, ana ake amatsegula maso awo, ndipo ali ndi zaka mwezi umodzi, anawo amatha kutengera njira yodzitetezera. Nyama imatha kuwombera fungo lamadzi amodzi mwezi umodzi ndi theka itabadwa. Akazi amadyetsa ana awo kwa miyezi yochepa kuposa miyezi iwiri, ndipo ma skunks ang'onoang'ono amasinthira pakudya pakatha miyezi ingapo. Banja limakhala nthawi yoyamba nthawi yachisanu limodzi, kenako achikulire achikulire amayamba kufunafuna malo odzifunira okha.