Pamakhala 6% yokha ya nthaka, nkhalangoyo ndi nyumba 50% ya mitundu ya zinthu zamoyo. Ambiri a iwo ndi akale, akale. Kutentha kosatha ndi chinyezi cha nkhalangoyo kunawalola kukhalabe mpaka lero.

Korona za malo otentha zatsekedwa kwambiri kotero kuti zipembere, ma turaco ndi ma turcans omwe akukhala pano atayiwaliratu momwe amauluka. Koma amalumpha bwino ndikukwera nthambi. Mu zovuta zamtundu ndi mizu ndizosavuta kutayika. Kutuluka kwa 2007 kupita pachilumba cha Borneo kokha kunapatsa nyama 123 zachilengedwe zotentha zomwe zinali zisadziwika kale.

Zinyalala za m'nkhalango

Zinyalala ndiye gawo lam'malo otentha kwambiri. Apa pali masamba omwe agwa, nthambi. Nthambi zapamwamba zimatchinga kuwala. Chifukwa chake, 2% yokha ya kuchuluka kwathunthu kwa kuwala komwe kumawunikira nyali. Izi zimachepetsa mbewu. Oimira maluwa okhawo omwe amakhala ndi zinyalala okha ndi omwe amapulumuka zinyalala. Zomera zina zimakopeka ndi kuwala, kukwera mitengo yamitengo, monga mipesa.

Pali zina zokwawa pakati pa zinyalala za nyama. Zambiri mwa izo ndi zazikulu komanso zazitali. Izi zimapangitsa kuti, kutulutsa, kutuluka pamithunzi. Okhala otsalira a m'munsi mwa malo otentha safunikira kuunikira, koma zimangotengera kutentha. Tikulankhula za njoka, achule, tizilombo ndi okhala m'nthaka.

Tapir

Chimawoneka ngati nkhumba yokhala ndi thunthu lalitali. M'malo mwake, tapir ndi wachibale wa ndende ndi mahatchi. Pamodzi ndi thunthu, kutalika kwa thupi la nyama ndi pafupifupi mamitala awiri. Masipuni olemera pafupifupi ma centner atatu, amapezeka ku Asia ndi America.

Potsogola ndi moyo wamadzulo, zolengedwa zofanana ndi nkhumba zimadzisintha. Mtundu wakuda ndi woyera umapangitsa ma tepi kuti asawonekere mu zinyalala zakuda za nkhalango, yowunikira mwezi.

Nyama munyengo yamvula anapeza mphuno yayitali kuti abisire kutentha ndi nyama zomwe zimakonda kudya pamadzi. Mukukwera, ma tepi amasiya nsonga ya "thunthu" pamwamba. Imakhala ngati chubu chopumira.

Tapir ndi nyama yakale yomwe imawoneka ngati zaka chikwi zapitazo lero, zomwe ndizosowa kwa nyama.

Chikumbutso cha Cuba

Inalengezedwa kuti yatayika kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 21, nyamayo idapezekanso. Insectivore ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kunja, oimira ake ndi mtanda pakati pa hedgehog, khonje ndi shrew.

Pokhala kumapiri ku Cuba, nkhanuzi ndizazikulu kwambiri. Kutalika kwa thupi la nyama ndi wofanana ndi ma sentimita 35. Sabo imalemera pafupifupi kilogalamu.

Cassowary

Izi ndi mbalame zopanda ndege. Adalipira zowopsa padziko lapansi. Ku Australia, anthu 1-2 amafa pachaka chifukwa cha zibwano zamphamvu ndi mapiko otsekemera a cassowary. Kodi mapiko okhala ndi minyewa amatha kuvekedwa bwanji?

Chowonadi ndi chakuti "magalimoto" owuluka mu cassowary amasinthidwa kukhala mtundu wamwano. Pamanja awo apakati pali chovala chakuthwa. Kukula kwake ndi mphamvu zake zimakhala zowopsa mukamaganizira za kulemera kwa mbalamezo kwamakumi 500 ndi kutalika kwa mita 2.

Pamutu pa cassowary pali malo owoneka achikuda. Cholinga chake sichidziwika bwino kwa asayansi. Kunja, kunja kuli ngati chisoti. Pali lingaliro kuti limathyola nthambi pamene mbalame imathamanga mumalo otentha.

Cassowary ndi mbalame yosakwiya kwambiri, imakwiya popanda chifukwa, ikumenya anthu

Okapi

Imapezeka m'malo otentha aku Africa. Kunja kwa nyamayo, zizindikilo za twiga ndi mbidzi zimalumikizana. Kapangidwe ka thupi ndi kukongola kwake ndi kobwereranso. Malamba akuda ndi oyera amakongoletsa miyendo ya okapi. Thupi lonse limakhala lofiirira. Mutu ndi khosi, ngati kuti ndikuchokera mu njira. Malinga ndi genome, okapi ndi m'bale wake. Kupanda kutero, oimira mitundu amtunduwu amatchedwa kuti miliri ya m'nkhalango.

Khosi la Okapi ndi lalifupi kwambiri kuposa mapira a savannah. Koma nyamayi ili ndi lilime lalitali. Imafutukuka ndi masentimita 35, amtundu wobiriwira. Chiwalocho chimalola okapi kuti afike masamba ndikuyeretsa maso, makutu.

Gorilla Akumadzulo

Pakati pa anyani akale, ndiye wamkulu kwambiri, amakhala m'nkhalango yapakati pa Africa. DNA ya nyamayi ili pafupifupi 96% yofanana ndi anthu. Izi zikugwiranso ntchito pa gorilla komanso mapiri.Malo otentha amakhala anthu omaliza. Ndi ochepa. Mwachilengedwe, ochepera 700 ndi omwe atsalira.

Ma gorilla am'chigwa ali pafupifupi 100,000. Enanso 4000 amasungidwa m'malo osungira nyama. Palibe ma gorilla am'mapiri omwe ali mu ukapolo.

Popeza amatha kuyenda ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo, gorilla amakonda kuyenda nthawi imodzimodzi pa 4. Potere, nyama zimayika mabisiketi awo mbali, kupuma kumbuyo kwa zala zawo. Nyani ayenera kusunga khungu la manja awo owonda komanso ofatsa. Izi ndizofunikira pakumvetsetsa kwamabrashi, kuwonekera kochenjera nawo.

Chipembere cha Sumatran

Pakati paziphuphu, iye ndiocheperako. Nthawi zambiri nkhalangoyi ilipo zochepa. Choyamba, ndikosavuta kuti zolengedwa zazing'ono zimayendayenda m'nkhokwe. Kachiwiri, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu yotentha iyenera kukhala m'malo abwino, koma ochepa.

Pakati pa maulaza, Sumatran ndi yakale kwambiri komanso yosowa kwambiri. Moyo wa Zinyama M'nkhalango Yamvula okha kumadera azilumba za Borneo ndi Sumatra. Apa ma rhinos amafika mita imodzi ndi theka kutalika ndi 2.5 kutalika. Munthu m'modzi amalemera pafupifupi kilogalamu 1300.

Rhinoceros imatenga zipatso ndi zipatso zomwe zinagwa kuchokera kwa mbalame zosawoneka bwino

Zinyama zopondera pansi

Phula lomwe limangokhala pamwamba pa zinyalala, limalandira kale 5% ya kuwala kwa dzuwa. Pofuna kuzigwira, mbewu zimamera masamba ambiri. Dera lawo limakupatsani mwayi wolanda kuwala kokwanira. Omwe akuimira maluwa osapendekeka samapitilira 3 metres kutalika. Mofananamo, nyalugwewo ndi mphindi imodzi ya mita kuchokera pansi.

Amagwera pamtengo. Zinyama zamvula zamvula m'malo apansi, nthawi yayitali, nthawi yayitali. Nyalugwe umakhala ndi zinyama, zokwawa, mbalame.

Jaguar

Amakhala m'malo otentha aku America. Kulemera kwa nyamayi ndi ma kilogalamu 80-130. Ku America, ndiye mphaka wamkulu kwambiri. Mtundu wa aliyense ndi wapadera, ngati zala zaumunthu. Malo omwe amakhala zikopa za nyama zolusa amafanizidwa nawo.

Nyama zosambira ndi zazikulu kusambira. Pamadzi, amphaka amakonda kuyendayenda, akugwira mitengo. Pamtunda, mbawala zimalumikizananso ndi mitengo. Pa iwo, amphaka amakokolola nyama, kubisala munthambi za anthu ena omwe amafunsira nyama.

Jaguar ndiye wachitatu kwambiri pakati pa amphaka akuluakulu pambuyo pa mikango ndi akambuku

Amayi

Nyani yopanda mbewa

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Nyani zazitali

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M'madambo a mvula, nyama zolusa monga nyalugwe ndi miyala ya mamba zimakhala.

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Chikopa

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Cougar

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Mtundu wosangalatsa ndi mtundu wa tapir waku America, zomwe zimandikumbutsa kavalo ndi ndodo.

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Tapir

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Mumadziwe mutha kupeza nutria. Anthu amasaka makoswe akuluakulu amtunduwu, chifukwa amakhala ndi ubweya wofunikira.

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Nutria

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M'mvula yamvula yaku South America, mutha kupeza ma sloth omwe amafanana ndi nyani pakuwoneka. Ali ndi miyendo yayitali komanso yosunthika yomwe imamatirira mitengo. Izi ndi nyama zosakwiya, zimayenda pang'onopang'ono kudutsa nthambi.

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Chigoba

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Armadillos yokhala ndi carapace yamphamvu imakhala m'nkhalango. Masana agona m'mizenje yawo, ndipo kutuluka kwamdima kumachita kuwonekera pansi ndikukhala ndi moyo wamadzulo.

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Armadillo

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Wokhala m'nkhalango yamvula ndiye wakudya. Amasunthira pansi, ndikukwera mitengo, kudya nyerere ndi tizilombo tina tosiyanasiyana.

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Pakati pa okhala ndi malo okhala, momwe mungapezere pano.

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Possums

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Malo okhala mvula ku Africa kumene amakhala ndi njovu ndi ma okapis, omwe ndi abale a mbawala.

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Njovu

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Okapi

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Girafi

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Ku Madagascar amakhala mandimu, omwe amadziwika kuti ndi anyani.

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Lemurs

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M'madziwe ena mumapezeka ng’ona, pomwe mamba a Nile ndiodziwika kwambiri. Ku Asia, ng'ona zazitali zazitali zimadziwika, zomwe zimakonda kusambira ku Ganges. Kutalika kwa thupi lake kumafika mita 7.

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Rhinos amapezeka m'nkhalango zotentha, ndipo mvuu zimapezeka m'madziwe.

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Rhinoceros

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m'chiuno

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Ku Asia, mutha kukumana ndi nyalugwe, chimbalangondo cha gubach ndi chimbalangondo cha ku Malawi.

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Gubach Bear

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Moto salamander

Salamander wamoto, yemwe amatchedwa wamawonekedwe kapena wamba, ndiye wachibale wapafupi kwambiri wa chule, ngakhale kuti limafanana ndi buluzi momwe limapangira thupi lake. Ili ndi dongosolo la ophibians a caudate, kumtundu wa salamanders.

Ichi ndi nyama wamba yamphongo, yomwe nthawi yonse ya moyo wake imakhala m'malo awiri nthawi imodzi - madzi ndi mpweya. Mbali yofunika kwambiri yinyama iyi ndi mitundu. Palibe zodabwitsa kuti salamander uyu adatchulanso dzina lachiwiri - buluzi wamoto. Kupatula apo, thupi la nyamayi limapakidwa utoto wokulika kwambiri komanso wosiyanitsa. Mtundu wakuda kwambiri umaphatikizidwa ndi mitundu yocheperako yachikasu kapena ya lalanje, yomwe imatha kutchedwa mawanga ndi mikwingwirima ya mawonekedwe osakhazikika omwe amakhala ndi mbali zosalala. Pa ma paws, mawonekedwe amtundu nthawi zambiri amakhala amisili, ndipo m'thupi lokha mawonekedwe sawoneka.

Thupi lotsika limakonda kupakidwa utoto wamdima. M'mimba nthawi zambiri mumakhala zakuda kapena zofiirira, koma mawanga oyera amathanso kukhalapo. Masamba a mulibate wachipatiyu, ngakhale amafupika, ndi amphamvu kwambiri. Pali zinayi kutsogolo kwa zala, ndi zisanu pamiyendo yakumbuyo. Miyendo idapangidwa kuti iziyenda, koma osasambira. Izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi kusapezeka kwa nembanemba akusambira. Mutu wa salamander uyu ndi wozungulira. M'mawonekedwe, zimakhala ngati kupitiliza kwa thupi.

Zochitika zilizonse zachilengedwe zimakhala ndi chifukwa chake. Kujambula chinyama chilichonse kumapulumutsa munthu kwa adani. Salamander ndi cholengedwa chochepa, chofatsa komanso chosateteza. Amayenera kudzisintha ngati zofunikira zachilengedwe. Komabe, salamander wamoto amachita zonse kuti zidziwike. Mwanjira imeneyi, imafanana ndi njuchi, mavu ndi ma bumblebe, omwe ali ndi mtundu wowoneka bwino.

Mbalame zamvula zamvula

Mbalame zambiri zimawulukira m'nkhalango. Mbidzi, agulugufe, ndi mitundu yopitilira 160 ya mbalame zamtchire zimakhala ku South America.

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Goacin

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Hummingbird

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Pali mitundu yambiri yamalawi mu Africa ndi America. Amakhala pafupi ndi nyanja zamchere komanso m'mphepete mwa nyanja, amadyetsa miyala, nyongolotsi, ndi tizilombo tina.

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Flamingo

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Ku Asia ndi zilumba zozungulira, pali mapikisano.

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Pikoko

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Ku India ndi ku Sunda Islands nkhuku zamtchire zimapezeka.

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Shrub nkhuku

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Chiwombankhanga

Mbidzi ya Crowned Eagle ndi mbalame yayikulu kwambiri komanso yoopsa kwambiri yochokera ku banja la agw, komwe kumakhala ku Africa. Uwu ndiwotchi yolimba mtima komanso yamphamvu kwambiri, - nthawi zambiri mphamvu ya chiwombankhanga imakulirapo nthawi 4-5 kuposa izo: anyani akuluakulu, antelopes, amadamu ndi nyama zina.

Chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi akambuku kumakhala kumapeto kwa Central Africa: kuchokera ku South Africa mpaka Gulf of Guinea. Zoyipa zimapezeka kwambiri m'nkhalango, nthawi zambiri m'mapululu komanso m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Kupatula ku Zaire ndi Kenya, komwe kuli ambiri komanso ochulukirapo, ndi osowa.

Okhala ovala, monga chiwombankhanga china, samalekerera oyandikana ndi oyimira ena amtundu wawo. Dera lomwe lakhazikitsidwa ndi chiwombankhanga chimodzi limatha kutalikirana makilomita 50. Mbalameyi idzaona gawo lonselo kuti ndi lake ndipo silingalole kulowerera ndi ena omwe ali ndi utoto wokhala nawo mbali. Mbalamezi zimatha kukhala gawo limodzi m'moyo wawo, koma atatha kupanga banja sizimasiyana.

Mtundu wa mbalameyi ndiwokongola modabwitsa: msana wakuda wakuda wokhala ndi graphite tint imagwirizana bwino ndi mimba yopotedwa, mathunzi achikasu owoneka bwino okhala ndi zikhadabo zakuda komanso mulomo wakuda ndi wachikaso. Kuphatikiza apo, mtundu wa nyama yolusa umam'loleza kuti azitha kubisala pakati pa mitengo ya Africa.

Mbali yayikulu yosiyanitsa Stephanoaetus coronatus - Ichi, ndiye chisoti cha nthenga chokwera kumbuyo kwa mutu. Mbalameyi imapangitsa kuti iyandikire zowopsa kapena kuipidwa, limodzi ndi kusakhutira ndi kufuula kowonetsa kwambiri.Ndizofunikiranso kudziwa kuti chisoti chachiwombankhanga sichimayenda bwino - kuteteza chisa, chiwombankhanga chimakonda kuukira nyama zazikulu komanso ngakhale anthu.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso zokwawa

Pali njoka zambiri (ma pythons, anacondas) ndi abuluzi (iguanas) m'malo amvula.

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Anaconda

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Iguana

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Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya anyani am'madzi ndi nsomba zimapezeka m'malo osungira, pakati pawo ndi ma piranhas odziwika kwambiri ku South America.

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Piranha

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Anthu ofunikira kwambiri m'nkhalangoyi ndi nyerere.

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Nyerere

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Spider, agulugufe, udzudzu ndi tizilombo tina amakhalanso kuno.

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Kangaude

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Gulugufe

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Udzudzu

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Tizilombo

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Malaya

Malaya ndi mtundu wa anyani omwe miyoyo yawo imayendera gawo la South America, komanso Central America.

Amatha kupezeka ku French Guiana, Suriname, Brazil, Guyana ndi Peru. Asayansi amatcha anyaniwa ngati nyani wa arachnid. Chimodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka m'banjali koata wakuda. Thupi la ma arachnid anyaniwa limakula kutalika kuyambira 38 mpaka 63 sentimita. Mchirawo umakhala wotalikirapo kuposa thupi ndipo umafikira masentimita 50 mpaka 90.

Zolimba za anyaniwa ndizochepa, miyendo yake ndi yayitali ndi zala zooneka ngati mbedza. Chophimbachi chimakhala chachitali komanso chonyezimira, pamapewa ndichopendekera pang'ono kuposa pamimba. Mchira wautali wa koata wakuda umagwira ntchito mochititsa chidwi, mothandizidwa ndi iwo umamatirira mochenjera ku nthambi zamitengo ikafuna chakudya.

Mutu wa nyama ndi wochepa. Pa mphumi, tsitsilo limapanga china chake ngati chisa. Mtundu wa ubweya umapezeka kuchokera ku imvi zachikaso mpaka zakuda. Chizindikiro chosiyana ndi chingwe chachikaso chagolide pamphumi.

Nyaniyu waku South America amasankha nkhalango zotentha kuti azikhalamo, komanso nkhalango zomwe zili m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Malaya ndi nyama zamasiku. Anyaniwa amakhala pafupifupi nthawi yawo yonse pamitengo.

Ngati koata amva kuti mdani ayandikira, amathawa ndi liwiro lalikulu. Usiku, anyaniwa amagona, atakhala korona wamitengo yayitali.

Toucan

Ma Toucans amatha ku South ndi Central America pansi pa mitengo yamvula. Pamagona, ma toucans amapindika mitu yawo ndikuyika milomo yawo pansi pamapiko ndi mchira wawo.

Toucans ndikofunika kwambiri kwa nkhalango yamvula chifukwa imathandizira kufalitsa mbewu kuchokera ku zipatso ndi zipatso zomwe amadya. Amasiyana kukula kuchokera pafupifupi masentimita 15 kupita pang'ono kupitirira mamita awiri. Milomo yayikulu, yokongola, yowala ndizizindikiro za ma toucans. Izi ndi mbalame zamkokomo zokhala ndi mawu okweza ndi otulutsa mawu.

Pali mitundu 40 ya ma toucans, koma mwatsoka mitundu ina ili pachiwopsezo. Zomwe zikuwopseza kwambiri kukhalapo kwa ma toucans ndi kutha kwa malo awo okhala ndi kuchuluka kwakukula mumsika wam pet pet.

Porcupine

Thupi lonseli limakutidwa ndi singano zazitali zomwe ndi zakuda, zofiirira kapena zoyera. Akatswiri a moyo ndi zizolowezi porcupine, m'malipoti awo, akuti kuchuluka kwa singano pa nyama ndi pafupifupi 30,000! Kulemera kwawo sikumakakamira pang'onopang'ono pansi kokha chifukwa singano zonse zophimba thupi la porcupine ndizopanda tanthauzo. Nyama ikakhala m'madzi, singano zimamuthandizira. Ndipo pomenya nkhondo ndi nyama zolusa - nyalugwe, kambuku, singano ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yodzitetezera. Amadziphatika m'thupi la mdani ndipo nthawi zambiri amayambitsa kutupa m'mabala. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono sikumavutika konse chifukwa cha kutaya kwa singano, chifukwa atsopano amabwera msanga m'malo mwa akale.

Banja la porcupine ndilambiri. Mitundu ina yamtunduwu imapezeka ku Asia Minor, South, Central ndi East. Ena ndi ku Africa, South ndi North America, Middle East ndi Europe. Nyumba yawo imatha kukhala yopondera komanso yopanda mapiri, yamtchire ndi yamapululu, yamvula. Nyama zikhalidwe zilizonse zimamva bwino. Amakhala tsiku lonse m'makola ndi m'mapanga. Ndipo madzulo amabwera kudzadya.

Maziko a chakudya cha makoswe ndi chakudya chomera - malo obiriwira komanso mizu ya mbewu, tubers ndi mababu, mavwende, maungu, nkhaka, zigawo zam'mera ndi makungwa.Nyama izi zimakhala ndi zofunikira zamphamvu zomwe nthawi zonse zimakula ndikukula. Ngati mano a porcupine analibe katunduyu, nyamayo imafa ndi njala. Pakufufuza zakudya zamtchire, nyama imayenera kuchita maulendo akuluakulu ndikusunthira kutali ndi malo okhala kwotalikirana makilomita angapo,. Ndipo pokhapokha nyengo yozizira ikamatha porcupine imataya chilimwe ntchito. Amakonda kusiya kabowo, kenako amabisala mpaka masika.

Dolphin ya Mtsinje

Ma dolphin ndi amodzi mwa banja la zinsomba zokhala ndi zosefukira. Banja la dolphin la mitsinje limakhala ndi ma dolphin aku mtsinje wa Amazonia, China, Gange ndi Lapland. Tsoka ilo, ma dolphin aku mtsinje wa China sakanakhoza kupulumutsidwa: mu 2012, nyama zidapatsidwa mkhalidwe wa "kuzimiririka".

Akatswiri ofufuza zinthu zakale amakhulupirira kuti chifukwa cha kutha kwawo chagona pa kupha nsomba, zotulutsa zamagetsi zomwe zimachokera m'madzi am'madzi, komanso kuphwanya chilengedwe zachilengedwe (kupanga madamu, madamu). Nyama sizingakhale muzolengedwa, choncho sayansi sidziwa zambiri zazomwe zimakhalapo.

Dolphin yaku mtsinje wa Amazon ndi mbiri yeniyeni pakati pa mamembala amtsinje wa dolphin: kulemera kwa anthu okhala mumtsinje kuchokera pa 98,5 mpaka 207 kg, ndipo kutalika kwa thupi ndi pafupifupi mamilimita 2.5. Chifukwa chakuti nyama zitha kupakidwa utoto wowoneka bwino komanso wamdima wakuda, wakumwamba kapena pinki, amatchedwanso ma dolphin oyera a mitsinje ndi dolphins zapinki za pinki.

Ma dolphin a mumtsinje sakhala ndi maso owoneka bwino, koma, ngakhale izi, zimayang'ana mosungiramo chifukwa chosunga bwino komanso kumva. M'madzi okhala mumtsinje, ma cervical vertebrae samalumikizana, zomwe zimawathandiza kuti atembenuzire mitu yawo kumanja. Ma dolphins amatha kufikira kuthamanga mpaka 18 km / h, malinga ndi nthawi zonse amakhala akusambira mothamanga kwa 3-4 km / h.

Akambuku a Bengal

Akambuku a Bengal amakhala kumadera a Sundarbana ku India, Bangladesh, China, Siberia ndi Indonesia, ndipo akuwopsezedwa kuti atha.

Tiger, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Royal Bengal Tiger, yomwe ndi mtundu wa tiger, imatha kupezeka ku Indian subcontinent. Akambalawa ndi nyama ya ku Bangladesh ndipo imadziwika kuti ndi mtundu wachiwiri kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.

Masiku ano, anthu pafupifupi 4,000 amakhalabe kuthengo, pomwe kumapeto kwa zaka za 1900 panali oposa 50,000. Kuwopseza ndikuwonongeka kwa malo okhala ndi zina mwazifukwa zazikulu zakuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha akambuku a Bengal. Sakanatha kuzolowera nyengo yovuta, ngakhale anali amtundu wotchuka.

South America Harpies

Imodzi mwa mitundu ikuluikulu komanso yamphamvu kwambiri pa mitundu 50 ya chiwombankhanga padziko lapansi, mahule aku South America amakhala m'malo otentha a Central ndi South America: kuchokera kumwera kwa Mexico kupita kumwera mpaka kummawa kwa Bolivia, ndi kumwera kwa Brazil kupita kumadera akumpoto kwa Argentina. Izi ndi nyama zomwe zili pangozi. Choopsa chachikulu pa kukhalapo kwake ndikuwonongeka kwa malo chifukwa cha kudula mitengo mwachisawawa, kuwononga malo okhala ndi malo osaka nyama.

Tetra Congo

Congo tetra ndi nsomba yokongola modabwitsa, yogwira ntchito, yamtendere, yophunzirira nsomba, yotchedwa utawaleza kapena buluu wa Congo. Nsomba iyi ndi nthumwi ya mitundu ya Africa Kharatsin, yomwe anafotokozeredwa ndi wasayansi wazomera Boulanger chakumapeto kwa 1899.

Congo tetra ndizofala ku Africa. Kuchuluka kwa nyama zamtchire kuli m'mbali mwa mitsinje ya Congo Basin ku Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Izi nsomba zimakhala m'masukulu mu madzi amtsinje. Kuphatikiza apo, zachilengedwe zimadya makamaka oimira crustaceans, tizilombo ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zoo ndi phytoplankton. Nsomba zambiri zimagulitsidwa ku Asia ndi Eastern Europe.

Thupi la nsombalo limakhala lokwera komanso lathyathyathya kuchokera kumbali. Ziphuphu zimatambasulidwa ndi mafani onyentchera m'mbali za thupi polimbitsa thupi.Amuna nawonso amasiyana m'njira zazitali, zofanana ndi chophimba, zomwe zimakhala mchira, komanso ziphuphu ndi ma fins. Kuphatikiza apo, yamphongo imakhala ndi mchira wokhala ndi mbali zitatu, pomwe lobe wapakatikati imatsogola pang'ono kutsogolo.

Tetra Congo mu aquarium imawonetsa mtundu wokongola womwe umawoneka bwino m'madzi. Imayimiriridwa ndimtambo wabuluu, wofiira-lalanje komanso wamtambo wachikaso. Zipsepse zimakhala ndi matani otakasuka; awa ndi ma translucent, imvi-violet mithunzi. Congo imatchulidwa ngati nsomba zazikulu. Akuluakulu amafika pamtunda wa masentimita 8 akafika amuna. Akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala ocheperako - pafupi masentimita 6.

Jaco, kapena phukusi laimvi ndi la banja la parrot, ndipo lero ndi mtundu wokhawo wa mbalame zotchedwa genus blired. Mbalame yotereyi ndiyovuta kwambiri mwachilengedwe, kotero musanagule muyenera kudziwa zovuta zomwe zikubwera, komanso mawonekedwe a zomwe zilimo.

Kutalika kwa mbalame yachikulire ndi masentimita 30 mpaka 35. Mapiko ambiri amapezeka ndi 65 cm komanso kutalika kwa masentimita 22. Mapiko aatali amakhala ndi malekezero opangidwa bwino. Kutalika kwa mchira, monga lamulo, sizidutsa 8 cm.

Akuluakulu Jaco ali ndi mlomo wakuda wopindika ndi iris wachikasu. Mapazi amatsogolera madontho. Mphuno za chikopa ndi sera ndi mawonekedwe, komanso frenulum komanso malo ozungulira maso. Zowonjezera za Jacot zimayimiridwa ndi mitundu iwiri yoyambirira: phulusa laimvi ndi kufiyira kufiyira.

Jaco ndi amodzi mwa mbalame zanzeru kwambiri, ndipo kuchuluka kwake kwa nzeru kumafanana ndi kukula kwa mwana wazaka zitatu mpaka zinayi.

Chomwe chimapanga mtundu wamtunduwu ndi kuthekera osati kungotulutsa mawu ambiri, komanso kubwereza molondola tanthauzo. Malinga ndi ofufuzawo, a Jacquot amatha kudziwa zomwe zimachitika, chifukwa mawu omwe amalankhulidwa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi katundu wamisala.

Monga malo ogona usiku, a Jacques amagwiritsa ntchito mitengo yayitali kwambiri, yomwe mbalame zimakhalapo dzuwa litalowa. M'mawa, mbalame zotchedwa zinkhanira zimawuluka mozungulira zikufuna chakudya. Jaco amadya makamaka zipatso za mitengo ya kanjedza, komanso mbewu kapena masamba osiyanasiyana, zipatso. Nthawi zambiri amawona "abusa" a nkhosalo m'minda yama nthochi.

Masewera

Ma sloth ndi banja la zinyama zomwe sizili choncho. Mutha kukumana nawo m'malo ocheperako, ku Brazil ndi Patagonia.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba sloths adafotokozedwa ndi zigonjetso zaku Europe m'zaka za zana la chisanu ndi chimodzi. Ripoti la a Pedro Siesta de Leon anali ndi mawonekedwe a nyamazo ngati "oyipa." Zinadziwika nthawi yomweyo kuti amayenda pang'onopang'ono komanso "aulesi," motero dzina lawo. Amayenda pang'onopang'ono, motero amakhala osatetezeka kwambiri kwa adani. Komabe, chifukwa cha kupendekera kosasunthika komanso kusuntha pang'onopang'ono, ma sloth sawoneka posachedwa pamiyeso yamitengo.

Kukhazikika kwa nyama izi ndi nkhalango yamvula. Amakhala m'mitengo, nthawi zambiri samatsikira pansi. Cub amamatirira tsitsi la amayi awo mpaka ataphunzira kukwera mitengo okha. Kutentha kwamasiku onse kwa sloths kungokhala pamwamba pa madigiri 30 Celsius. Amatha kuyenda komanso kusambira, komanso pang'onopang'ono kwambiri. Ambiri patsiku - pafupifupi maola 15 - malo ogona, omwe amayambiranso dzina lawo.

Nyama izi ndizochulukitsa. Amadyetsa maluwa ndi masamba a chomera chotchedwa cecropia. Nthawi zina amatha kudya abuluzi kapena tizilombo tating'ono. Dziwani kuti ma sloth nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chakudya chokwanira kudya mwezi umodzi, ndipo m'mimba mwawo mumakhala chakudya chochuluka kwambiri kotero kuti kulemera kwa sloth yoyamwa bwino kumachulukitsa kapena kuwirikiza katatu poyerekeza ndi zomwe zidalipo kale.

Kusunga malo ogona ndikovuta. Amadya chakudya mwachangu, motero ndizosatheka kudyetsa ngati zilusa. Kuti akwaniritse moyo wa sloths mu ukapolo, akatswiri azowona zachilengedwe padziko lapansi akupanga njira zapadera.

Ma capybaras

Capybara amatha nthawi yayitali m'madzi ndipo ndiwosambira komanso wopota kwambiri. Amakhala ndi nembanemba pakati pa zala zake zakumaso ndi kumbuyo. Akasambira, maso okha, makutu ndi mphuno zake zimawoneka pamwamba pamadzi. Ma capybaras amadya zakudya zam'mera, kuphatikiza mbewu zam'madzi, ndi maelechi mwa nyama izi zimakula moyo wonse kuti athane ndi kutafuna. Ma capybaras amakhala m'mabanja; amakhala okangalika m'bandakucha. M'malo omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mavuto, capybaras imatha kukhala usiku. Amphongo ndi zazikazi zimawoneka chimodzimodzi, koma zazimuna zimakhala ndi mphuno pamphuno zawo, zomwe ndi zokulirapo kuposa zazikazi. Amakwatirana mchilimwe, ndipo patatha milungu 15-18 ya bere, pamatha kukhala ana awiri mu zinyalala. Ana pobadwa amakula bwino.

Royal colobus

Royal colobus kapena nyama yakuda ndi yoyera, komanso colobus yakuda ndi yoyera yakumadzulo. Royal colobus - anyani - ang'ono kukula ndi thupi lochepera.

Royal colobus ikhoza kusiyanitsidwa mosavuta ndi mitundu ina yamtundu wa Colobus mwa malo oyera pa ubweya wonyezimira, wakuda. Mu nyani wamtunduwu, ndevu, chifuwa, mchira ndi zoyera. Nthanga zimapangidwa pamtunda wapakati. Matumba a cheek kulibe. Chala chamanthu chakumaso chikuyimiridwa ndi kabuluta wosavuta.

Pakadali pano, ambiri mwa ine amabzalidwa ndi mpunga ndi mbewu zina. Pankhaniyi, ma colobuses amakhazikika m'nkhalango zochulukirapo zamitengo yachiwiri. Nkhalango zakale zachiwiri zimakhala 60% zokha.

Royal colobuses amapanga magulu ang'onoang'ono a anthu 5-20. M'banjali muli amuna achimuna 1-3, zazikazi 3 - 4 ndi anyani ang'ono. Onse amapuma limodzi pamtengo umodzi. Nthawi zambiri kuthengo komweko kumakhala anyamata achichepere opanda banja. Pakati pa mapaketi osiyanasiyana nthawi zina malo amasiyana. Zikatero, amphwayi amateteza dera lawo kuti lisatengeke ndi mabombe ena, atetezere nkhosazo ngati zitagwidwa ndi adani.

Kuti mukhale ndi moyo, gulu lafumu lachifumu likufunika mahekitala 22 a nkhalango yamvula yokhala ndi malo aufulu pakati pamalo a gulu lina la nyama. Mukasuntha, gwiritsani ntchito zonse zinayi, koma nthawi zambiri zimangamira kutsogolo, zigwiritsika nthambi ndi maburashi, zala zochepetsera zoyamba. Akazi amakondana kwambiri, amakongoletsa tsitsi lawo, komanso amafunafuna tiziromboti. Akuluakulu achimuna amapezeka kuti ali ndi ulamuliro pa anthu ena. Nyengo ikulankhulana pakati pawo pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe: nkhope, mawonekedwe a thupi, mawu, manja.

African marabou

Ngakhale anthu oyera ali ndi ufulu wosankha. Ndipo apa pali marabou aku Africa - mbalame, njira, yochokera ku banja la agulu, samabala ana, koma amakonda kutsogolera njira ya moyo wamtchire, yomwe imawonekera pakuwoneka.

Marabou alibe zodetsa kumutu ndi khosi, chifukwa ndizosavuta kuti azikhala oyera. Ndipo popeza nthawi zambiri amayenera kuthyola zinyalala kapena kuwotchera nyama zakufa zidutswa, nthenga zimangosokoneza, kukhala malo abwino kwambiri operekera mabakiteriya.

Ntchito ngati izi zimafuna mlomo wolimba, ndiye kuti mulomo wautali komanso wowonda wasinthika kukhala gulu lamphamvu, lomwe maraboux sangafune kumenya mpikisano wopanda chiyembekezo nthawi zina.

Ngakhale nyama zazikuluzikulu zimachita mantha kuti ziwombedwe ndi mbalameyi, ndipo mafisi, ankhandwe ndi mimbulu zimagwiranso ntchito yake popanda kumenya. Komabe, kutsata koteroko kulinso ndi kufotokozera kwinanso: marabou amatha kusenda mosamala khungu kuchokera ku mtembo watsopano, pambuyo pake ndizosavuta kuthana ndi zotsalazo. Tsiku lililonse, mbalameyi, yomwe imalemera makilogalamu 6-9, imafunikira kilogalamu imodzi ya nyama. Khwangwala wanjala mwa sekondi imodzi amabalalitsa otsutsa ndikuyamba kudya mwadyera.

Iyi ndi mbalame yayikulu kwambiri - kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi mita imodzi ndi theka, ndipo kutalika kwa mapiko ndi oposa masentimita 70. Ngakhale sizipanga chidwi kwambiri chifukwa chogwada komanso mfuti yakale pamutu.

M'chiuno

Hippopotamusamu ndi chinyama chachikulu chomera pachitsime chomwe chimakhala nthawi yambiri m'madzi.Nyama zimakhala m'madzi oyera, nthawi zina mvuu zimapezeka m'madzi amchere.

Dzina lina la mvuu ndi mvuu. Nyama, limodzi ndi ma rhinos, amatenga malo achiwiri pambuyo poti kulemera kwa njovu: anthu ena amatha kufikira matani anayi kapena kuposerapo. Pakadali pano, mvuu zimangokhala ku Africa kokha.

Mvuu ndi imodzi mwazinyama zazikulu kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri kulemera kwawo ndi matani 2-3, koma kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa matani anayi. Komanso kutalika kwa mvuu zachikulire kumatha kupitirira 5 metres! Mchira wa m'chiuno pawokha umakhala ndi kutalika pafupifupi masentimita 60. Mvuu zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe ake: phokoso lalikulu kwambiri lokhala ndi maso ndi makutu ang'ono, komanso mphuno zazikulu, thupi looneka ngati mbiya komanso miyendo yayifupi kwambiri. Khungu la mvuu ndi loyera kwambiri, loduwa komanso lopanda tsitsi.

Nthawi zambiri mvuu imakhala m'magulu a anthu khumi ndi awiri. Nthawi zina pamakhala ziweto zina zambiri. Mvuu zachimwemwe zimagona m'madzi. Pankhaniyi, gawo lokhalo la nkhope ndi kumbuyo kwake ndi lomwe likuwoneka. Hippos amatha kusambira kapena kuyenda pansi pa malo osungira. Nyama zimatha kupuma kwakanthawi - nthawi zina mpaka mphindi 10. Mvuu ndizomera, koma sizimakonda madzi am'madzi ndipo zimadya kumtunda makamaka usiku.

Mvuu imatha kukhala zaka 40, ndipo mu ukapolo, zoo - yopitilira zaka 50. Pakati pa mvuu, komanso pakati pa anthu, pali zodutsa zazitali: sayansi imadziwa nthawi yomwe mvuu yayikazi imakhala zaka pafupifupi 60.

Arachnids

Arachnids ndi akulu. Nyani wamkulu amatha kukula pafupifupi masentimita 60, osawerengera mchira. Mchira wake ndi wamphamvu kwambiri. Nyani amazigwiritsa ntchito ngati nthambi yowonjezera. Ma arachnids amakonda kupachikidwa mozondoka, kumamatirira kunthambi ndi mchira wawo ndi miyendo, zomwe zimawapangitsa kuti aziwoneka ngati akangaude, komwe amapeza dzina lawo. Komanso anyaniwa amatha kudumpha kuchokera kunthambi kupita ku nthambi mothamanga kwambiri. Mtundu wawo wamalasi umatha kukhala wakuda, bulauni, golide, wofiira kapena bronze.

Arachnids ndi chinthu choyenera kusamalidwa kwambiri pakati pa asaka, chifukwa chomwe atsala pang'ono kutha.

Golide-Helmet Calao

Chisoti chachifumu chagolide ndi choyera - imodzi yamitundu ya kalao. Mitunduyi imakhala m'nkhalango ya West Africa, makamaka ku Ghana ndi Côte d'Iireire. Chisoti chagolide ndi choyera chakale - chimodzi mwa mbalame zazikulu kwambiri zamatchire ku Africa, unyinji wake umatha kufika 2 kg. Nthawi zambiri amakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, koma amathanso kusankhidwa m'magulu akuluakulu. Maziko azakudya ndi nyerere ndi chiswe. Choopsa chachikulu ndi chiwombankhanga chovekedwa korona. Chakudya chokhala ndi mutu.

Herbivorous Dracula

Herbivorous Dracula ndi chinyama chochokera kubanja la mileme yokhala ndi Leaf. Ngakhale dzina lake loipali, cholengedwa chilibe vuto lililonse. Mukumwa magazi a anthu sanazindikiridwe, amadya kokha zamkati zokhazokha za zipatso zachilengedwe komanso kucha. Izi ndizosowa kwambiri. Imapezeka m'nkhalango zotentha za ku South America. Amapezeka ku Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela ndi Colombia, makamaka m'mphepete mwa kum'mawa kwa Andes.

Anthu ochepa amapezeka m'nkhalango zowuma za malo ouma. Amatha kukhala paphiri komanso m'mapiri mpaka 2250 m pamwamba pa nyanja. Nthawi zina khalani m'mafamu komanso mkati mwa mzinda. Herbivorous Dracula amakhala awiriawiri kapena mosilira. Muzikhala ndi moyo wachisangalalo. Masana, nyama zimabisala m'mapanga, m'mphepete mwa pansi kapena m'makona akuthwa amitengo ya ficus.

Mutu ndi thupi m'litali pafupifupi 53-57 mm, kutsogolo mpaka 40-42 mm. Mtundu wa ubweya umakhala wonyezimira pamwamba komanso wa bulauni pansi. Tsitsi loyera limodzi limamera pakati kumbuyo. Kulemera sikupitirira 15-18 g. Zotsalira za mchira sizowonekera.

Pamapeto pa chisa chake pali tsamba lotchedwa chikopa. Amuna, amakula kwambiri kuposa akazi.Makutu ndi akulu komanso amakono patatu.

Amuna pa nape ali ndi khola lalikulu la khungu. Masana kugona tulo, amatseka maso ake ngati chophimba kuti kuwala kowala kusasokoneze kupumula kwabwino. Akazi alibe khola lotere.

Nkhumba yokhala ndi ndevu

M'mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mitundu ya nkhumba ya Bearded imagawidwa m'magulu awiri kapena atatu. Ichi ndi nkhumba yokhala ndi ndevu yokhota yomwe imakhala ku Malacca Peninsula ndi Sumatra, nkhumba ya ndevu ya Bornean ndi nkhumba ya ndevu ya Palawan, yemwe amakhala, kuweruza ndi dzina, kuzilumba za Borneo ndi Palawan, komanso ku Java, Kalimantan ndi zilumba zazing'ono za zilumba zaku Indonesia kumwera. East Asia.

Nkhumba zokhala ndi ndevu zimakhala m'nkhalango zotentha ndi mitengo yamangati mwa magulu. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zamtunduwu ndi machitidwe osamukira, pomwe anthu masauzande ambiri amayenda maulendo ataliatali kukafunafuna chakudya. Nthawi zambiri amayenda motsatira njira zomwezo.

Nkhumba zokhala ndi ndevu ndi nyama zopatsa chidwi ndipo zimadya zipatso zonse, mizu, mphukira zazing'ono za kanjedza, ndi tizilombo, mphutsi, tating'ono tating'ono, carrion. Pokhala nyama zamasana, nkhumba zokhala ndi ndevu zimasinthira kukhala moyo wamadzulo nthawi yayitali, kuthana ndi mtunda wautali ndi zotchingira madzi osatsala pang'ono kudyetsa. Nthawi zambiri gulu la nkhumba limabera m'minda yamwala ndi chinangwa, likuwononga minda ya anthu wamba, kapena limatsata timagulu tambiri ndi ma macaques, kutola zipatso zomwe adaponya.

Kunja, nkhumba zokhala ndi ndevu zimakhala zowonda kwambiri, zazing'ono komanso zazitali kuyerekeza ndi achibale wamba. Amatha kutalika masentimita 100-160, kutalika kufota kwa 70-85 masentimita ndi kulemera mpaka 150 makilogalamu. Nkhumba zokhala ndi ndevu zakhala ndi dzina chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa mabulangete owaluka omwe amapukuta pakamwa mpaka pafupi makutu, pomwe mtundu waukulu wa nkhumba ndi imvi kapena bulauni.

Kangaude wa Tarantula

Ptarantulas ndi a banja la kangaude. Akuluakulu amafika pamlingo wokulirapo, nthawi zina wopitilira 20 cm kutalika kwa matumbo awo. Ma spider awa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ziweto.

Pali tarantulas ku kontinenti iliyonse kupatula Antarctica. Zowona, ku Europe ndizosowa, koma nkhalango yotentha komanso chipululu chotentha kwa akangaude awa momwe angafunire. Zoyipa kwambiri - tarantulas samatenga chakudya cha nyama, koma tizilombo: ntchentche, akangaude ang'ono ndi maphemwe. Amatha kudya achule ndi makoswe ang'onoang'ono. Okhazikika amayang'anira kuwononga kwawo akubisalira, popanda misempha ya ukonde. Komabe, amagwiritsa ntchito njira yawo ya kangaude kulimbitsa nyumba zawo.

Ma arthropod amenewa amakhala pamitengo, pamtunda, komanso pamtunda. Amadziwika ndi chikhalidwe chodekha, sakonda kusokonezedwa, ndipo amatha kufa ndi njala kwa nthawi yayitali, kuti asasokoneze mtendere wawo. Akangaude amabadwa kuchokera mazira, atapulumuka molt awiri, kusintha kukhala mphutsi, kenako ndikukula.

Spider lifanpan imayesedwa molt. Kugwetsa chipolopolo chakalecho, zimawonjezeka mpaka kamodzi ndi theka. Njira yokhala ndi kangaude komanso kukula zimadalira kutentha komanso kupezeka kwa chakudya. Nthawi zina akayamba kusungunuka, akangaude sangatambasule miyendo chifukwa cha “thupi” lakale. Ayenera kusiya miyendo yawo pakhungu lakale ndikudikirira kuti atukuke. Izi nthawi zambiri zimafuna molt ina.

Agologolo achikwapu

Spiky-tailed agologolo (ma spike-michira) - makoko ang'onoang'ono kakulidwe. Kutalika kwa thupi 6.3-43 masentimita. Mchira kutalika 75-46 cm. Kulemera mpaka 2 kg. Maso ndi makutu akulu. Mawonekedwe ake amakumbukira gologolo kapena gologolo wouluka. Kusinthidwa kukhala moyo wamtundu. Kupatula oyimilira amtundu womwewo, mchira wonse wammbuyo pakati pa manja ndi miyendo yakumbuyo, komanso pakati pa miyendo yakumbuyo ndi mchira komanso pakati pa kutsogolo ndi khosi, umakhala ndi khungu lotuluka. Mtengo wa cartilaginous wothandizila kuphatikizira uku ndikuyenda kutali ndi kumbuyo kwa mbali. Zala zam'mphepete zimapangidwa bwino ndipo zimakhala ndi zikhadabo zakuthwa komanso zolimba.

M'nkhalango zamatchire mumakhala mitengo ndi mitengo yambiri. Khalani ndi moyo wamitengo.Zochitikazo sizikuchitika masana, ndipo kwa squirrel ya tenortail, amathanso kukhala masana. Masana nthawi zambiri amakhala m'maenje.

Nthawi zambiri limasungidwa awiriawiri, nthawi zina m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Amapanga nthawi yayitali, akukonzekera kulumpha, ngati agologolo owuluka. Amadyetsa zipatso, njere, mtedza, masamba, makungwa a mitengo yosiyanasiyana, komanso tizilombo. Akazi oyembekezera amapezeka ku Cameroon mu Juni - Julayi, ndi ku Republic of Zaire mu February ndi June. Zikuoneka kuti, aliyense wamkazi amakhala ndi malita awiri pachaka, mu litsi lililonse kuchokera pa 1 mpaka 4 cubs. Anthu am'deralo amadya mabanja.

Chameleon

Chameleon ndi amodzi mwa gulu la zodzikongoletsera zamadongosolo oyipa kwambiri. Gulu la ma chameleon pano lili ndi mitundu 11, yomwe imapangidwa ndi mitundu yoposa 193 ya mitundu yawo. Mwa mitundu iyi, mitundu yopitilira 60 imakhala ku Madagascar.

Nyama zodabwitsazi, pamodzi ndi abale awo, amakhala ndi moyo wodekha komanso wozama. Kuthera nthawi yayitali m'mitengo yake, kutsika pansi nthawi yakukhwima ndi kuyikira mazira.

Malo awo amakhala ochulukirapo: kuchokera ku Africa kuno ndi Magadascar, India ndi Sri Lanka mpaka ku Middle East, ngakhale mayiko ena akumwera kwa Europe. Nthawi zambiri zimapezeka ku nkhalango, savannah, ndipo nthawi zambiri, kumapiri, kumapiri ndi kumapiri.

Katundu wodabwitsa kwambiri yemwe ma chameleons ali nawo ndikutha kudzipanga ngati maziko, ndiko kuti asinthe mtundu wa thupi kutengera mawonekedwe omwe adakhalapo. Kutha kumeneku kumachitika chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa ma chromatophores pakhungu lawo pakhungu, momwe mumakhala utoto wa utoto. Kuphatikiza pa kugwiritsa ntchito kuthekera kopanda zolinga, ma chameleon amasintha mtundu m'moyo wina - pakuwopsa, pamasewera, komanso kutengera mitundu yankhanza kuwopa adani.

Ma Chameleon ndi asodzi aluso. Amadyetsa makamaka tizilombo, koma mitundu ikuluikulu imadyanso abuluzi ang'onoang'ono, makoswe ndi njoka. Komanso, ma chameleon samasamala ndikusangalala ndi masamba ndi zipatso za mitengo ina. Pakupezeka chakudya, iwo, potengera zomwe zakhala pafupi ndi malo ozungulira, amatha kukhalabe osayenda kwa maola ambiri. Chida chachikulu cha kusaka kwawo ndi lilime lalitali lokhala ndi kapu yachilendo kumapeto. Kuponyera lilime kwa amene angakhudzidwe ndi liwiro la 1/20 lachiwiri, kamphaka kamatha kugwira tizilombo tofanizira masekondi atatu.

Ngati nyama yolemera kwambiri komanso yamphamvu, kamilonga imatha kugwira pakamwa pake kuti igwire. Kuchita chidwi kwambiri ndi kaminidwe kam'madzi ndikuti ikapuma kapena kugona, "imasunga" lilime lake lalitali m'njira yolunjikana nokha.

Kinkaju

Nyama zambiri zam'mvula zamvula zam'mphepete mwa Amazon zimakwera mitengo bwino kwambiri, ndipo pogwiritsa ntchito mchira wawo ngati nthambi yachisanu, zimawuluka kuchoka pamtengo kupita pamtengo. Izi zimaphatikizidwa ndi anyani amisala yayitali - akulira ndi maphokoso, komanso abale a kinkaju - oimira banja la raccoon yokutidwa ndi tsitsi la chikasu. Monga raccoons, kinkajou, yomwe thupi lake limakhala pafupifupi mita imodzi, nthawi zambiri imakhala usiku. Nyama izi zimadya tizilombo ndi zipatso, ndimakondanso kudya uchi, womwe umawathandiza lilime lalitali. Kinkaju ali ndi lilime lalitali, 10-sentimita, mothandizidwa nalo limagwira zipatso ndikunyambita maluwa.

Chimbalangondo cha dzuwa

Biruang kapena chimbalangondo cha dzuwa chidatchedwa dzina chifukwa cha loyera kapena lalanje lalifupi lomwe lili pachifuwa.

Chimbalangondo cha Chimalawi chimakhala ku Thailand, Indonesia, kumwera kwa China ndi India. A Biruang amakhala m'malo otsetsereka komanso m'nkhalango za madera otentha okhaokha. Komanso, chimbalangondo cha dzuwa chimapezeka m'nkhalango zowirira komanso m'mapiri ambiri. Popeza zimasinthidwa kukwera mitengo, zimbalangondo za Chimalawi zimatha kukhala tsiku lonse zikuyenda pakatikati pa dzuwa pamitengo, nthawi yomweyo kudya masamba abwino. Kuti zitheke, amapinda nthambi, ndikupanga china chofanana ndi chisa.

Wamphongo wamwamuna wamkulu amalemera mpaka 65 kg, ndipo kutalika kwa thupi lake kufika pa 1.6 m. Mchirawo ndi waufupi, 3-7 cm, makutu ndi ochepa, ozunguliridwa. Kutalika kwambiri kwa chigaza ndi masentimita 23.2. Mimba yaikazi imatenga masiku 95. Nthawi zambiri ana obadwa 1-2 amakhala ndi amayi awo mpaka zaka zitatu. Chiwerengero chotalika kwambiri chokhala ndi moyo chimbalangondo padzuwa ndi zaka 24.

Chochititsa chidwi pakati pa chimbalangondo cha dzuwa ndi lilime lake lalitali, lomwe limapangitsa kuti asamavutike kupeza chakudya, chomwe amakonda kusangalala nacho. Komanso chimbalangondo chimamadya mbalame zazing'ono, makoswe, abuluzi ndi zovunda. Nyumba zokhala pafupi ndi anthu, izi zimawononga malo okhala ndi malo. Nsagwada zamphamvu ngakhale zimakulolani kuti mushe coconuts.

Ngakhale kukula kwake, ma biruang ndi andewu kwambiri, ngakhale akambuku amawapewa. Chochititsa chidwi: pali khungu lotayika kwambiri pakhosi la biruang, chifukwa chake, litagwidwa ndi khosi, limatha kutembenuka ndikuluma wolakwayo.

Ndege zowuluka

Mabuluzi a mitengo, omwe amati ndi akhungu akuuluka, nthawi zambiri amayenda pamtengo kupita pa mitengo “pakhungu” lomwe limawoneka ngati mapiko. Mbali mbali zonse za thupi, pakati pa miyendo yakumaso ndi kumbuyo, pali chifuwa chachikulu chakhungu lomwe limathandizidwa ndi nthiti zokulitsidwa. Nthawi zambiri "mapiko" awa amapindidwa m'mbali mwa torso, koma amatha kutseguka kotero kuti buluzi amatha kutsetsereka mamita ambiri pamalo oyandikira. Chinjoka chouluka chimadya tizilombo, makamaka nyerere. Kukuswana, chinjoka chouluka chimatsikira pansi ndikugona m'dothi kuyambira mazira 1 mpaka 4.

South America nosha

Rhinoceros imatha kupezeka m'nkhalango zotsika, malo amtsinje wokhala ndi mitengo, zitsamba zowirira ndi m'malo a miyala. Chifukwa cha kutengera kwa umunthu, pakadali pano amakonda mitundu yachiwiri ndi nkhalango zowirira. M'malo otsetsereka a kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo kwa Andes, amapezeka mpaka 2500 mita pamwamba pamadzi.

Dzinalo coati kapena coatimundi limachokera ku chilankhulo cha Tupian. Mawu akuti “coati” amatanthauza “lamba,” ndipo "nthawi" amatanthauza "mphuno."

Mutuwu ndi wopapatiza ndi mphuno yoluka pang'ono komanso yosinthika kwambiri. Makutu ndi ang'ono komanso ozungulira, okhala ndi zingwe zoyera mkati. Ubweya ndi wamfupi, wakuda komanso wowonda. Mchirawo ndi wautali, wogwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera mukamasuntha. Pa mchira pali mphete zopepuka zachikasu, zikusinthana ndi mphete zakuda kapena zofiirira.

Mphuno zaku South America zili ndi mawotchi amfupi komanso amphamvu. Mapewa athu ndi amtambo kwambiri, kotero nyama zimatha kutsika pamtengo, kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kumbuyo kwa thupi. Zala zazitali ndizitali, matendawa alibe. Chifukwa cha nkhono zolimba za mbewa, amazigwiritsa ntchito bwino kuti akumbule mphutsi zapansi paz mitengo zovunda.

South America nosoha makamaka nyama zopatsa chidwi; nthawi zambiri zimafunafuna zipatso ndi ma invertebrates. Amadya mazira, mphutsi za kachilomboka ndi tizilombo tina, ndipo ngakhale carrion, ikapezeka kwa iwo.

Amatha kupezeka pamalo otayidwa, pomwe amafufuza zinyalala za anthu ndikusankha chilichonse chomwe chingakhalepo. Nthawi zina nosoha waku South America amadya nkhuku kuchokera kwa alimi wamba.

Nthawi zambiri amagwira masana. Nyama zimagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yawo yambiri kutola chakudya, ndikugona usiku m'mitengo, zomwe zimathandizanso kukhola khomalo ndikubereka ana. Mphuno zili pachiwopsezo pansi, zimathawira kumitengo, zilombo zikaopseza pamtengo, zimathamangira kumapeto kwa nthambi imodzi yamtengo, kenako zimadumphira kunthambi yomweyo kapena mtengo wina.

Zoyimira

Quesal ndi mbalame yosowa kwambiri yomwe imakhala m'nkhalango zowirira za Central America. Amwenye a Aztec ndi Mayans amawaona kuti ndi opatulika. Nkhuku yachimuna ikulingana ndi kukula kwa nkhunda imakongoletsedwa ndi mchira wowala wobiriwira, kutalika kwake mpaka 90 cm.Ichi mwina ndi mbalame yabwino kwambiri kuposa onse okhala m'nkhalango zotentha, ngakhale mbalame zambiri zamtchirezi zili ndi maonekedwe owala kwambiri, mwina kuti zitha kuwoneka mosavuta m'nkhalango yamdima.

Eel yamagetsi

Kukhala m'madzi amatope amtsinje wa Amazon, ma eel amagetsi amatha kupha munthu modzidzimutsa. Nthawi zambiri, wogwiridwayo yemwe akumenyedwa ndi eel akumira chifukwa satha kusuntha atagonja. Nsomba zodya ziwazi zimagwiritsa ntchito magetsi ake kupha nyama ndikuyenda mozungulira osawoneka bwino. Ngakhale dzina, ma eel zamagetsi sakukhudzana kwenikweni ndi ma eels wamba ndipo ndi a banja lina - magetsi a eels.

Adathandizira Cassowary

Cassowary wothandizirana umafika kutalika kwa 1.5 m ndi kulemera pafupifupi 80 kg. Pamutu, cassowary ali ndi gawo lautali lotchedwa "chisoti", lomwe limakulirapo mwaimuna kuposa zazikazi. Miyendo yayikulu-yozungulira ya mbalame yatsopanoyi ya ku Guinea yokhala ndi zikhadabo zazikulu, bulangeti la chala chapakati ndilitali kwambiri. Ndi chida ichi, cassowary imatha kuvulaza mabala akulu, chifukwa, podziteteza, imayamba kugunda ndi mapazi ake. Ma Cassowaries amathamanga kwambiri ndikudumpha bwino.

Amakhala m'nkhalango zachilengedwe za New Guinea, kuzilumba za Indonesia ku Seram ndi Aru, komanso kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Australia. Chakudya chachikulu cha kassass wokhala ndi chisoti ndi zipatso zomwe zidagwa pamtengowo, komanso nyama zazing'ono.

Cassowary ndi mbalame yodontha. Nthawi yoyamba kuswana kwa cassowary imagwera mu Julayi-August. Chisa chokhala ngati cassowary ndi malo oyera pansi. Wamphongo amamanga chisa kuchokera m'mbewu ndi masamba. Mazira a cassowary obiriwira amalemera oposa 500. Ng ombe yayikulu ya mazira atatu mpaka asanu ndi awiri, amuna ndi akazi obisalira, pomwe wina woimira banja losadukiza muruka Wamphongo yekha ndi amene amafika. Chingwe chikuwonekera mu Seputembala, nthawi zina pambuyo pake.

Chipolopolo

Nyerere yayikulu padziko lapansi imatha kukula mpaka kukula ngati chala chanu chaching'ono ndipo imaluma kwambiri ngati mavu. Mosiyana ndi mitundu yambiri ya nyerere, nyerere za bullet zimakhala ndi moyo wokha masana, koma usiku zimakonda kusonkhana m'magulu. Nkhondo nthawi zambiri zimamangidwa m'munsi mwa mitengo.

Nyerere izi zimatchedwa "zipolopolo", zikuwoneka kuti chifukwa kuluma kwawo ndizopweteka kwambiri ndipo zimatha kupweteka masiku angapo. Mafuko am'deralo adagwiritsa ntchito nyererezi pokonzekera kuyambitsidwa kwa anyamatawa, kuwakonzekeretsa akadzakula. Wachinyamatayo adakomedwa ndi nyerere, ndipo sayenera kulankhula.

Wodyetsa

Malo ochepera, kapena ma anteat - awa ndi dzina la banja la zinyama, zomwe ndi za dongosolo la osakhala nawo. Mulinso ma genera atatu: amtali, amphona komanso anteeta anayi.

Nyamayi imakhala ndi mphuno yayitali yokhala ndi mphuno yooneka ngati chubu komanso kamwa yopapatiza, maso ang'ono ndi makutu. Kutsogolo kwa miyendo - zala zisanu, mosiyana ndi miyendo yakumbuyo, ndi pazala zazitali zoluka. Miyendo yakumiyendo nthawi zambiri imakhala yopindika mikono isanu, nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mphindi zinayi.

Masomphenya ndi makutu a anteat sizikulira bwino, mosiyana ndi fungo, lomwe limapangidwa bwino. Amanunkhiza zilombo zolusa ndipo ngati ngozi zitha kuyimirira chifukwa cha ziphuphu. Amakhala okha, akazi nthawi ina atabereka mwana wamwamuna kumunyamula kumusana. Amabereka kamodzi pachaka.

Mogwirizana ndi dzina lake, nyamayo imadyadi nyerere makamaka. Pachifukwa ichi, kuphatikiza pa chopukutira chachitali, ali ndi lilime lalitali. Tizilombo tamadontho toterera timene timagwira, ndipo lilime lokha limafanana ndi kutalika kwa thupi. Mwachitsanzo, mu phula lalikulu kwambiri, limaposa theka la mita kutalika.

Nyama izi zilibe mano, ndipo nsagwada yake yapansi sichimapangidwa. Komabe, safunikira. Kuti apeze nyama, antchire amaphulitsa timiyala ta ndulu ndipo kenako amatola tizirombo ndi lilime lawo lalitali. Nthawi zina, anteti amadyanso njuchi ndi tizilombo tina. Mano osasowa, antete amapera chakudya ndi minofu yam'mimba yopezeka bwino.

Forest Mbuzi

Masana, mbalamezi zimapuma pa nthambi za mitengo yakufa, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ndi mawonekedwe awo zimatsata malo awo opumulirawo kuti mbalamezo sizitha kuwoneka. Amakhala ndi moyo wamadzulo, kugwira tizilombo, ndipo masana amabisala mwaluso, monga momwe akunenera, m'malo owoneka kwambiri. Chichewa kuyambira paukhanda amaphunzitsa sayansi ya kubisala ndipo, ngakhale ali ndi mtundu wosiyana, amabisala pamtambo womwewo, mwa mawonekedwe abowa okha.

Achule

Omwe am'madzi ochepa kwambiri amadabwitsidwa osati ndi mtundu wawo wowala, komanso ndi kawopsedwe awo owopsa. Kugawidwa kwapadera kwa achule kumawonedwa ku Central ndi South America, komwe nkhalango zamvula zimakhalapo. Tsopano akatswiri akudziwa za mitundu pafupifupi zana limodzi ya achule.

Mwa zonse zazing'ono, kupusitsika kumeneku sikuchitika. Thupi lochepa la masentimita atatu limasungidwa pamtunda pogwiritsa ntchito disks zomata, zomwe zimakhala ndi zala zake zazitali zomata.

Aliyense amene akuwawona chule ali moyo, ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa zovala zake zokongola. Komabe, ndipamene ngozi ili pomwe: ndizoletsedwa kotheratu kukhudza chule ili ndi manja osatetezedwa, chifukwa zotupa zapadera za pakhungu lake zimatulutsa chakupha chakupha. Kuyambira pobadwa, nyama iliyonse yochokera kumalo achule amene amakhala achule imadziwa kuopsa kwake kukhudza mwana wokongola uyu.

Amphibian amagwira ntchito masana ndipo amakhala nthawi yayitali akugwira tizilombo, makamaka, tizilombo tating'ono tomwe timakonda nyerere, chiswe ndi makhola. Malinga ndi asayansi, kukula kwa poizoni mu chule kumachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito formic acid.

Nyerere Yodzidulira

Munkhalango za ku Central ndi South America, nyerere zomwe zimadula masamba zimakhala. Iliyonse mwa zigawo zazikuluzikulu za pansi pa nyererezi imapanga bowa wapadera kwambiri womwe ndi chakudya chake. Nyerere "kuphatikiza" nkhalango kufunafuna masamba abwino, zidutswa zomwe amadula ndi kunyamula zisa zawo. Pali nyerere zina zomwe zimazipera ndikukhazikitsa "minda" momwe bowa amakulira pazomera zambiri. Nyerere zimasamalira minda yawo ndikukutola bowa ukamakula. Masamba eni ake samadya nyerere.

Anaconda

Anaconda wamkulu wopezeka mumitsinje ya South America ndi imodzi mwa njoka zazitali kwambiri padziko lapansi. Anaconda ali ndi mtundu wobiriwira wakuda wokhala ndi mawanga akulu akuda, zomwe zimamupangitsa kuti azitha kuyenda bwino m'nkhalango ndikudikirira omwe akuwatsatsa m'mphepete mwa mtsinje, pomwe nyama zimabwera kudzathetsa ludzu lawo. Njokayo imaphimba wovulalayo ndi thupi lake lalitali, pang'onopang'ono kufinya mpheteyo.

Agiboni

Agiboni amakhala pamitengo yopanda mvula ku Southeast Asia. Awa ndi anyani ang'onoang'ono, kutalika kwawo kumafika masentimita 50. Zomwe zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri siamangiKutalika kwake ndi 90 cm. Agiboni ndi odabwitsa, amadya zipatso, mphukira zazing'ono, komanso zolengedwa zazing'ono, mbalame, tizilombo ndi zina zopanda nyama.

Nyengo zanyengo zimayenda pamitengo ndi manja. Nthawi zambiri amatsikira pansi ndikuyenda molunjika, pansi mikono, ndi mkono umodzi wotambasuka ndi wina kumbuyo.

Ma Giboni amakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Gulu lirilonse limasamala madera awo ndi phokoso lofuula mokweza ndipo potero amachenjeza abale awo ochokera m'magulu ena kuti gawo ndilalimo. Ma Giboni amakhala nthawi yayitali pamoyo wawo. Amakhala ndi mikono yayitali kwambiri, yolumikizana kwambiri mapewa, zala zazitali ndi manja, momwe amamangirira mwamphamvu panthambi za mitengo. Zonsezi zimathandizira kuti ma gibboni aziuluka mosavuta kuchokera ku nthambi kupita ku nthambi ndikulendewera pamitengo.

Wallaby

M'mayiko ambiri olankhula Chingerezi, Wallaby amatchedwa "Wallaby-wochepa thupi" chifukwa cha mchira wake wautali, woonda komanso wozungulira. Mchira wa Wallaby ndi wautali pang'ono kuposa thupi lake.

Wallaby amadya otchedwa "kangaroo udzu", nthawi zina amadya ma fern osiyanasiyana. Khoma lamtunduwu nthawi zambiri limadyedwa ndi kangaroo imvi, komabe, nyama zimadya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya udzu ndipo sizipikisana. Wallaby amakonda mitundu ya zitsamba, ina yodutsa. Wallaby msipu zing'onozing'ono 2 wanyama. Pakudya, amakhala "osasunthika" ndikupereka chakudya mkamwa mwawo ndi mawalo awo akutsogolo. Ngakhale masiku amene kutentha kumafika pachimake, nyama sizipita kukaphikira kumtsinje, popeza zimalandira chinyezi chofunikira ndi chakudya.

Ma Wallabies nthawi zambiri amadya masana, pomwe mitundu ina ya kangaroos imagwira madzulo kapena usiku. Masana, ma wallabies amapumula pamthunzi. Madzulo, iwo anayambanso kukafunafuna chakudya. Pofufuza zoterezi, nyama zimayenda pang'onopang'ono, kusangalala kotereku kumabwera chifukwa cha kutentha.

Mapiri okhala ku mapiri okhala m'mapiri, okhala ndi nkhalango za bulugamu, magulu amtunduwu amatuluka akusaka chakudya. Kudula mitengo mwachisawawa kwa malo akuluakulu a nkhalango sikunachititse chidwi chachikulu cha kuchuluka kwa zipupa.

Madambo omwe ali ndi udzu, wokutidwa ndi masamba owuma, amapatsa nyama chakudya ndi pogona. Chifukwa cha malo osungirako zachilengedwe kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Queensland ndi kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa New South Wales, anthu okhala ndi khoma ali ochulukirapo.

Gorilla

Gorillas ndi anyani akuluakulu kwambiri, omwe amagawidwa m'magulu atatu: mapiri akum'mawa, mapiri akum'mawa ndi chigwa chakumadzulo.

Kukula kwa amuna kumasiyana kuyambira 165 mpaka 190 cm, kulemera kwa pafupifupi 200 kg. Kuchuluka kwa akazi ndi theka. Nyama zimakhala ndi mphamvu yokhala ndi minofu yolimba kwambiri. Chovala cha gorilla chimakhala chakuda, ndipo pang'onopang'ono mzere wa siliva umapangika kumbuyo kwa amuna akuluakulu. Miyendo yakumaso ndi yochepa ndipo mafelemuwo ndi aatali, mapazi ndi amphamvu. Mutuwu ndi wokulirapo komanso pamphumi pake. Amayenda miyendo inayi, atatsamira nkhonya poyenda.

A gorillas amadya kwambiri zakudya zam'mera, ngakhale nthawi zina amadyanso nyama. Ma celery amtchire, nettle, mphukira za nsungwi ndi bedstraw amakonda kwambiri.

Akazi amakhala okhwima pofika zaka 10, zaka zitatu zilizonse zimabereka mwana wamwamuna mmodzi, yemwe amakhala ndi mayi mpaka kubadwa kwotsatira. A gorillas amakhala ndi moyo zaka 30-60.

Malo okhala gorilla am'madera otentha ndi nkhalango zachilengedwe za ku Africa, ndipo nthumwi za mapiriwo zimakhala m'malo otsetsereka a mapiri.

Malinga ndi ofufuza, gorilla amasungidwa m'magulu (anthu 7-30), omwe amapanga amuna amodzi, akazi angapo ndi ana awo. A gorillas, ngakhale abodza ali ponseponse, amakhala mwamtendere, samawombera nyama zina ndi mtundu wawo popanda chifukwa, ngakhale amakhala wokonzeka nthawi zonse kudziteteza. Mtsogoleri wachimuna ndi wamwamuna mmodzi akakumana, yemwe amakonda akazi ena a anthu, sizimachitika pakulimbana, zonsezi zimatha ndikuwonetsa mphamvu.

Mamba

Mamba ndi nyama yanyama yam'madzi. Izi zikuluzikulu ndizowopsa. Nthawi zambiri mumatha kumva uthenga wonena za kuwukira kwa munthu. Ziweto zimatha kupitirira mainchesi 8, ndipo kulemera kwa ng'ona kumatha kufikira tani imodzi!

M'masiku amakono kuli mitundu yambiri yamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza apo, anthu ambiri owombolera anamwalira zaka masauzande zapitazo. Malinga ndi asayansi, ng'ona ndizomwe zimapanga kwambiri zamtundu wamakono zamtchire. Ndipo pafupi kwambiri ndi momwe masinthidwe amasinthidwe, zolengedwa zapamadzi ndi mbalame komanso mbalame.

Kutalika kwa nthawi zonse kwa ng'ona kumasiyana kuyambira 2 mpaka 5 metres kutengera mtundu, ngakhale pali nyama zazikulu. Ng'ona zambiri zimakhala m'madzi, kupuma kapena kusaka. Moyo wa nyama zam'madzi zomwe zidawakhudzazo zidakhudza mawonekedwe ake: thupi lathyathyathya, lathyathyathya, mutu wofupika, mchira wamfupi komanso mchira wamphamvu, wosunthika, womwe mamba amagwiritsa ntchito akamayenda m'madzi.

Chizindikiro cha mamba ndi nsagwada zamphamvu kwambiri m'chilengedwe komanso kuchuluka kwa mano (60 kapena kuposerapo). Mwanjira imeneyi, mano atsopano okhala m'matumbo amatha kuwonekera pafupifupi nthawi 3,000 m'moyo wawo wonse. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, mano a ng'ona ndi opanda kanthu, mkati mwake, ndipo mano atsopano amakula mkati wakale.

Mamba ndi nyama yamagazi ozizira, ndiye kuti matenthedwe a matupi awo amatengera kutentha komwe kumakhalako. Ndiye chifukwa chake zokwawa zimakonda nyengo yotentha, ndipo kutentha kwambiri (pansi pa 20 ° C) ndi kutentha kwambiri (38 ° C) kumakhala koopsa kwa iwo. Zikatero, ming'aluyo sikhala ndi moyo.

Ngwazi ndi zaka zana, zimatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka zana. Zimathandizira pa izi komanso kuti nyama sizikhala ndi adani achilengedwe mwachilengedwe. Chinanso chomwe chimagona mamba ndikuti amakula moyo wawo wonse.

Nyani kulira mofuula

A Howler ndi omwe akuyimira kwambiri banja la nyani-yamisala, yomwe imatchedwa capuchins. Ntchito zazikulu m'moyo zimachitika m'njira ziwiri: kudyetsa ndi kubangula. Usiku, anyaniwa amagona. Zowona, nthawi zina amabangula m'maloto.

Amuna a inveterate amafika pafupifupi mita kutalika. Mchira wawo ndi wofanana. Imakhala ndi mawonekedwe osazolowereka: kumunsi kwa mchira mkati momwe mumakhala chiwembu chopanda ubweya wokhala ndi mawonekedwe ndi makanikanda pakhungu. Chifukwa cha iwo, nyani wolira amayenda ndi mchira wawo, ngati kuti ndi mkono wowonjezera. Mothandizidwa ndi izi, iwo amagwira ndikukutula zipatsozo, masamba, pang'onopang'ono komanso mosamala "kuyang'ana" wachibaleyo, kutsanulira makanda. Mchira wake ndi wolimba kwambiri kotero kuti umatha kuchirikiza kulemera kwa thupi la nyama ikalendewera pansi.

M'malo am'munsi ndi kumtunda kwa owula omwe ali ndi zala khumi zosuntha khumi ndi misomali yosalala. Mukayang'ana anyani akulira, choyambirira, mumalabadira mutu ndi nkhope yopanda tsitsi komanso ndevu. Mtengo wokulirapo wa laryngeal ndiwofunikanso. "Zovala" zawo zimawoneka ngati wakuda, wabulawuni, wofiirira, wofiirira ngati mkuwa. Makungu akulu ndi zibwano zamphamvu zikuwonekera patsogolo, zimapangitsa munthuyo kukhala wowopsa.

Mtundu wa anyaniwa umapezeka m'nkhalango zachilengedwe za ku Central ndi Latin America. Amakhala m'matanthwe akulu. Nthawi zambiri amatha kuwoneka pamitengo yayitali. Kupatula apo, pali pomwepo kuti chakudya chochuluka kwambiri monga masamba, masamba abwino okongola, maluwa, mbewu, zomwe ndi maziko a zakudya zawo.

Zinyalala za m'nkhalango

Zinyalala m'nkhalango ndizotsika kwambiri mwa nkhalango yamvula, yomwe imangolandirira pafupifupi 2% ya dzuwa. Chifukwa chake, mbewu zomwe zikukula pano zimasinthidwa kuti zikhale zochepa. Chifukwa chake nyama zambiri zazikulu monga okapi, tapir, Sumatran rhinoceros, etc. zimakhala m'malo otsika a nkhalango zam'madera otetezekayi.) Zamoyo zochuluka kwambiri, tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, ndi ma amphibians zimapezekanso pamtunduwu. Zinthu (zomera ndi nyama) zoyambira zimasonkhanitsidwa munkhalango, pomwe zimawonongeka ndi zinthu monga mabakiteriya ndi bowa.

Kukula

Pansi pa nkhalango yamvula imapezeka pakati pa nkhalango ndi mitengo, ndipo imangolandira pafupifupi 5% ya kuwala kwa dzuwa. Pamlingo uwu, nyama zazikulu zazing'ono, mbalame, nyama zokwawa ndi zolengedwa monga anyaniwa zimakhala. Mitengo yaying'ono, zitsamba ndi udzu zimamera msipu. Monga lamulo, mbewu zokhala ndi mulingo wotere sizimafika pamtunda wa 3 mita ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi masamba ambiri kuti zipatse malo akuluakulu a photosynthesis.

Wamba boa

Wamba bo constoror (Wophatikiza boma) ndi njoka yayikulu kwambiri yomwe imapezeka ku nkhalango ku America konse, komanso kuzilumba za Pacific. Ngakhale ma boa amakhala m'malo osiyanasiyana, amakonda nkhalango zamvula chifukwa chinyezi komanso kutentha kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, nkhalango zamvula zimapereka malo ogona okwanira ndi chakudya chochuluka kwa njoka'zi.

Nkhani yamalango

Khwalala la m'nkhalango ndi gawo lodziwika bwino kwambiri lamvula yamvula, ndikupanga denga pamwamba pa udzu komanso zinyalala za m'nkhalango.Dengali lili ndi mitengo yayikulu kwambiri yamvula yamvula, yomwe imakula mpaka 30-45 mita. Mitengo yobiriwira yotulutsa mitengo nthawi zonse imatulutsa thabwa, imapangitsa gawo lodetsa kwambiri lamvula. Mitundu yopitilira 20 miliyoni ya arthropod komanso mbalame zambiri zimakhala pano, komanso zolengedwa, zolengedwa, zolengedwa zam'madzi ndi zapamadzi.

Jaco, kapena African Grey Parrots (Psittacus erithacus) ndi mbalame zazing'ono zazing'ono komanso zazikuda zomwe zimagawidwa ku Africa. Pakadali pano, mbalame zimayesedwa pafupi ndi malo osatetezeka ndipo ziwerengero zake zikuchokera pa anthu 100 100 mpaka 259,000.

Utawaleza wamtunda

Utawaleza (Ramphastos sulfatus) yogawidwa m'nkhalango za Latin America. Mwanthawi imeneyi, imakhazikika m'mabowo amitengo, nthawi zambiri ndimakina ena. Malo omwe ali ndi usiku womwewo amakakamiza ochita kusakata milomo ndi michira yawo pansi pa matupi awo kuti asunge malo.

Malo atatu oyenda

Malo okhala ndi ma slor atatu ndi banja la nyama zoyamwitsa zomwe zimapezeka ku South ndi Central America. Nyama zamtchire zamvula zamtchirezi zimachedwa chifukwa cha kupendekera pang'onopang'ono, komwe ndi kusintha kwa mphamvu. Malo otsetsereka ndi kukula kwa thupi la galu kapena mphaka wamkulu, ndipo ali ndi zala zitatu zolimba pachendo chilichonse.

Chingwe chapamwamba

Kuttuku kwa nkhomaliro yamvula pali mitengo yayikulu ikuluikulu yomwe imatalika pafupifupi 45-55 m kapena kuposa. Chifukwa chake, mitengo imeneyi imakweza pamwamba pa denga. Amasinthidwa bwino kuti athe kupirira mphepo zamphamvu komanso kutentha kwambiri pamwamba pa denga. Mitengo yotere ikafa, mabowo amapangika mu denga, kuti kuwala kwa dzuwa kukafike pansi pa nkhalango yamvula.

Gix wouluka nkhandwe

Chimpho chachikulu chowuluka (Pteropus vampyrus) ndi imodzi mwamitundu yayikulu kwambiri ya mileme padziko lapansi. Amakhala m'nkhalango zotentha, kumene amadya yekha timadzi tokoma, zipatso ndi maluwa. Ngakhale mileme iyi siyokhoza kutulutsa mawu, imagwiritsa ntchito masomphenya ake akuthwa kuti apeze zakudya.

Kusinthidwa kwa Zomera Zachilengedwe kuti mupulumuke

Zomera zilizonse zimafuna chinyezi. M'nyengo yamvula mulibe madzi ambiri, koma nthawi zambiri pamakhala kuchuluka kwake. Zomera zamvula zimayenera kukhala m'malo omwe kumagwa mvula yambiri komanso kusefukira kwamadzi. Masamba a zomera zotentha amathandizira kulimbana ndi mvula yamkuntho, ndipo mitundu ina imakhala ndi nsonga ya dontho yopangira mvula yamvula.

Zomera zotentha zimafunikira kuwala kuti zikhale ndi moyo. Zomera zakunyanja zam'mwamba za m'nkhalangozi zimatulutsa dzuwa pang'ono kumapeto kwamtchire. Chifukwa chake, mbewu zamvula zam'malo otentha zimasinthasintha ndi moyo nthawi yamadzulo, kapena kuti zikule msanga kuti "tiwone" dzuwa.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti m'malo otentha mitengo imamera ndi khungwa loonda komanso losalala lomwe limatha kudziunjikira chinyezi. Mitundu ina ya mbewu yam'munsi mwa korona imakhala ndi masamba ambiri kuposa kumtunda. Izi zimathandiza kufalitsa kuwala kambiri padziko lapansi.

Zomera monga ficus-stranglers zimangokhala moyo wa parasitic. Zimamera nthawi yomweyo pamtundu wa mitengo ina ndipo zimalandira kuwala komwe kumafunikira nthawi yomweyo. Nthawi zambiri, mbewu za ficus semi-epiphytes zimanyamula ndi mbalame. Ndiye kuti, mbewuyo imayamba kukhala ndi moyo chimodzimodzi monga ma epiphytes: mbewu, ikugwera pakhungwa la mitengo, imakulanso pamenepo. Ma stracirs a Ficus amakula pang'onopang'ono, koma mizu yake pamapeto pake imafika panthaka.

Ponena za ma epiphytes okha, kapena mbewu za mlengalenga zomwe zimamera munkhalango yamvula, zimapeza michere kuchokera kumiyala ya zomera ndi ndowe za mbalame, zomwe zimakhala pamizu ndipo sizidalira dothi losauka la nkhalangoyi. M'madera amvula, pamakhala mbewu zam'mlengalenga, ma orchid, bromeliad, ferns, selenicereus wamkulu, ndi zina.

Monga tanenera, nthaka m'nkhalango zotentha kwambiri siili bwino ndipo ilibe michere. Kuti mugwire michere kumtunda, mitengo yamvula yambiri imazika mizu. Ena ndi akulu ndipo ndi amphamvu, chifukwa ayenera kugwira mtengo waukulu.

Kutha Kwachilengedwe

Matanda otentha akhala akugwirizana kwa nthawi yayitali ndi kubera komanso kuba. Mitengo yayikulu ndi cholinga cha amalonda omwe amawagwiritsa ntchito kuchita malonda. Kodi nkhalango zimadyedwa motani? Njira yodziwikiratu yogwiritsira ntchito mitengo yamvula yamvula ndiye msika wa mipando.

Malinga ndi European Commission, pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu aliwonse omwe amatumizidwa ku EU ndi zinthu zosaloledwa. Tsiku ndi tsiku, zikwizikwi za mafia amitengo yapadziko lonse amadutsa m'masitolo ogulitsa. Zinthu zamatentha otentha nthawi zambiri zimalembedwa kuti "mitengo yapamwamba", "mitengo yolimba", "nkhuni zachilengedwe" komanso "nkhuni yolimba". Nthawi zambiri, mawuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka matope otentha ochokera ku Asia, Africa ndi Latin America.

Mayiko akuluakulu omwe amatumiza mitengo yotentha ndi Cameroon, Brazil, Indonesia ndi Cambodia. Mitundu yotchuka komanso yodula kwambiri yamitengo yotentha yomwe imagulitsidwa ndi mahogany, teak ndi rosewood.

Meranti, ramin, ndi gabun zimatchulidwa kuti ndizotchipa zamitengo yotchipa.

Zotsatira za kudula mitengo

M'mayiko ambiri kumene nkhalango zamvula zimamera, kudula mitengo mosaloledwa kumachitika kawirikawiri komanso vuto lalikulu. Kuwonongeka kwachuma kumafikira madola mabiliyoni, ndipo kuwonongeka kwachilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe sikungatheke.

Kudula mitengo mwachisawawa kumapangitsa kuti kudula mitengo komanso kusintha kwachilengedwe. Zomera zamvula ndizazikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi zachilengedwe . Zotsatira zakusaka, mamiliyoni a mitundu ya zinyama ndi zomera amataya malo awo ndipo chifukwa chake zimasowa.

Malinga ndi Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Natural (IUCN), mitundu yoposa 41,000 yazomera ndi zinyama iri pachiwopsezo, kuphatikizapo anyani akuluakulu monga gorilla ndi orangutan. Ziwerengero zamasayansi zamitundu yotaika zimasiyana kwambiri: kuyambira 50 mpaka 500 mitundu patsiku.

Kuphatikiza apo, zida zamitengo zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndikuchotsa nkhuni zimawononga dothi lapamwamba, zimawononga mizu ndi makungwa a mitengo ina.

Kutulutsa kwanyumba zachitsulo, bauxite, golide, mafuta ndi mchere wina kumawonongeranso madera akuluakulu a nkhalango zotentha, mwachitsanzo, ku Amazon.

Mtengo wa nkhalango yamvula

Zomera zam'malo otentha zimachita mbali yofunika kwambiri m'chilengedwe chathu. Kuthamangitsidwa kwachilengedwe komweku kumabweretsa kupendekera kwanyengo ndipo, kenako, kukutentha kwadziko. Nkhalango yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi - nkhalango ya Amazon - ndiyofunika kwambiri pantchitoyi. 20 peresenti ya mpweya wochotsa chilengedwe padziko lonse lapansi akuti ndi wadutsowu. Nkhalango yamvula ya Amazon yokha imakhala ndi matani mabiliyoni 120 a kaboni.

Madera a mvula amakhalanso ndi madzi ambiri. Chifukwa chake, chotsatira china cha kudula mitengo mwachidule ndi kusokonezeka kwamadzi. Izi zimatha kubweretsa chilala cham'madera komanso kusintha kwa nyengo padziko lonse lapansi - zomwe zitha kukhala zowononga.

Nkhalango yamvula ndi kwawo komwe kumayimira zinyama ndi zinyama zapadera.

Kodi kuteteza nkhokwe zamvula?

Pofuna kupewa mavuto obwera chifukwa cha kudula mitengo mwachisawawa, ndikofunikira kukulitsa malo a nkhalango ndi kulimbikitsa kuwongolera nkhalango ku maboma ndi mayiko ena. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuti zidziwitse anthu za udindo womwe nkhalango imachita padzikoli. Malinga ndi akatswiri azachilengedwe, ndibwino kulimbikitsanso kuchepetsa, kukonza ndi kugwiritsanso ntchito zinthu zamtchire. Kusintha kumagwero amagetsi ena, monga mpweya wa zinthu zakale, kumatha kuchepetsa kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito mitengo kuti itenthe.

Kudula mitengo mwachisawawa, kuphatikiza nkhalango zotentha, kutha kuchitika popanda kuwononga chilengedwe. Ku Central ndi South America ndi Africa, kudula mitengo ndi njira yosankha. Mitengo yokha yomwe yakula msinkhu winawake ndipo thunthu la thunthu limadulidwa, pomwe ana ang'ono amakhalabe olimba. Njirayi imayambitsa kuvulaza kwakuthengo kwakuthengo, chifukwa imathandizira kuti ichitenso bwino.

Piranha thrombetas

Trombetas ndi amodzi mwa amilandu a Amazon. Nyama zamtundu wanji zamvula yamvula kuwopsa? Pamndandanda wazambiri, mwachidziwikire, padzikoli piranhas. Pali nthawi zina pamene amatafuna anthu.

Mabuku ambiri alembedwa pankhaniyi, mafilimu awomberedwa. Komabe, mtundu watsopano wa piranha umakonda nyama ndi udzu, algae. Pa chakudya chamagulu, nsomba zimadya mpaka ma kilogalamu 4. Kutalika kwake, matanthwe a Trambetas amafika theka la mita.

Trambetas piranha

Redbeard (mkuwa) jumper

Imaphatikizidwa nyama zosangalatsa zamvula zamvula zaka 3 zokha zapitazo. Mtundu watsopano wa mbewa wapezeka m'nkhalango ya Amazon mu 2014 paulendo wawo wokonzedwa ndi World Wildlife Fund.

Mu "mapapu a dziko lapansi" adapeza mitundu yatsopano-441. Pali nyama imodzi yokha yam'madzi mwa iwo - kudumpha kwa ndevu zofiira. Nyani imadziwika kuti ndi yofalikira. Mwakuwoneka, opumpha mdziko lapansi osaposa 250.

Nyama zimakhalira limodzi, zikapanga awiriwo, sizisintha ndi kukhala pambali ndi ana awo. Akamadumphadumpha amasangalala wina ndi mnzake, amakhala oyera kuposa anyani ena.

Chithunzi kujambulidwa zamkuwa

Mwinanso kutayika

Mu Latin, dzina lamtunduwu limamveka ngati Alabates amissibilis. Ili ndiye chule laling'ono kwambiri. Onani kumapeto. Kuphatikizika kwa kupezeka kwake kumalumikizidwanso ndi kukula. Alabati ndi achule omwe amakula ngati chala.

Amakhala ndi beige komanso bulauni ndi mikwingwirima m'mbali. Ngakhale kuti chule ndi kakang'ono kakang'ono, nyamayi imakhala ndi poizoni, ndiye kuti sioyenera kudya zakudya za ku France, ngakhale sizinali za chitetezo.

Chule chaching'ono kwambiri Chimakhala ndi maissibilis

Baleska shrew

Zimatengera shrews, amakhala kum'mawa kwa Africa. Mtunda ndi makilomita 500 apakati. Zilonda zamtundu wa nyama sizimapezeka kutalika konse, koma m'malo asanu okha. Onsewo awonongedwa ndi munthu.

Nyama imakhala ndi mphuno yooneka ngati mawonekedwe, thupi lalitali, mchira wopanda, ubweya waifupi. Mwambiri, kwa ambiri, mbewa ndi mbewa. Vuto la kupulumuka kwake ndikuti popanda chakudya, nyama sizikhala motalika kuposa maola 11. M'malo owopsa komanso njala, omaliza amapambana. Wochenjera umagwira tizilombo, pomwe ena amagwira.

Mbewa Baleska shrew

Binturong

Zokhudza banja la Wyverre. Kunja, Binturong ndichinthu pakati pa mphaka ndi raccoon. Achibale a nyama ndi amtundu komanso lysanges. Monga iwowo, Binturong ndi wadyera. Komabe, mawonekedwe okhudzawo akuwoneka kuti akupewera mantha a nyama.

A Binturong amakhala kumadera otentha a Asia. Kwambiri, ambiri Indian. Mukugawa gawo, ma binturongs amalemera katundu wawo ndi madzi ofanana ndi chimanga chokazinga ndi fungo.

Chule chule

Mwa zouluka zomwe zilipo, achule a poizoni ndi owala kwambiri. Pa chithunzi nyama zamvula zamvula zimawonekera mu mitundu ya indigo. Palinso mitundu ya utoto ndi utoto wamtambo. Palibe chifukwa kuti amapatula chule potengera zakumaso, monga duwa lotentha.

Chule chakudyacho sichiyenera kudzipatula. Pakati pazirombo, nyama imatulutsa poyizoni wamphamvu kwambiri. Samakhudza chule, ngakhale kuona kutsogolo kwa mphuno zawo. Nthawi zambiri, olusa komanso anthu amadana ndi kukongola kwa buluu, poopa poizoni. Jakisoni mmodzi wa achule ndi wokwanira kupha anthu 10. Palibe mankhwala.

Zinthu zakupha 100 zimadziunjikira mu poyizoni wa chule wa poizoni. Amakhulupirira kuti chule amawalandira pokonza nyerere zomwe zimadyetsa. Ngati achule a poizoni amawasunga mu chakudya china, amakhala opanda vuto, osakhala poyipa.

Kuyimba kwa achule sikumakumbukira konse za kubowola kwanthawi zonse, koma kofanana ndi kamvekedwe kamasewera.

Panda

Palibe mndandanda umodzi womwe umakhala popanda iwo "Zina zachilengedwe". Chigawo cha China chimakhala m'madambo a bamboo ndipo ndi chizindikiro cha dzikolo. Kumadzulo adazindikira za iye m'zaka za zana la 19 zokha.

Olemba malo ogulitsa ku Europe adatsutsana kwa nthawi yayitali, kuti amati panda ndi ma fodya, kapena zimbalangondo. Kuyesa kwa majini kunathandiza. Nyama imadziwika kuti ndi chimbalangondo. Amakhala moyo wobisalira zigawo zitatu za China. Ichi ndi Tibet, Sichuan, Ganshu.

Pali zala 6 pamtunda wa pandas. Chimodzi mwa izo ndi mawonekedwe okha. Awa ndi mafupa osinthika. Chiwerengero cha mano omwe akupera zakudya zamasamba nawonso chimadutsa.

Munthu amakhala wocheperako maulendo 7. Ndikutanthauza kuti, ma pandas ali ndi mano oposa 200. Amakhudzidwa pafupifupi maola 12 patsiku. Ndi 1/5 okha omwe amamwa masamba adyawo. Popeza kuti pandas sizikhala zobiriwira, nkhalango zam'malo otentha zimangopulumutsa msungwi wamba wa mamita angapo patsiku ndi zimbalangondo zochepa zokha.

Malizani ulendowu ndi Australia. Malamba ake otentha amakhudzanso. Kontinenti yasowa. Masoka a mvula amakula kokha m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Gawo lakummawa limaphatikizidwa ndi UNESCO World Heritage. Tidzapeza kuti ndi zodabwitsa zanji.

Chinjoka chowuluka

Awa ndi buluzi wokhala ndi zotuluka pakhungu m'mbali. Zimawululidwa pomwe nyamayo idumpha kuchokera pamtengo, yokhala ngati mapiko. Zosalumikizidwa ndi ma paws. Tsegulani zingwe zotseka, zolimba.

Chinjoka chouluka chimatsikira mu zinyalala za m'nkhalangoyi kuti chiziikira mazira. Nthawi zambiri amachokera ku 1 mpaka 4 ex. Mbidzi zimayikira mazira mu masamba kapena dothi.

Chinjokacho chimatha kudumphira m'mtunda wautali, kwinaku chikutera chete

Anthu okhala munthambi zamvula zamvula

Dongo lakutentha limatchulidwanso canopy. Ili ndi mitengo yayitali komanso yotakata. Korona wawo amapanga padenga pamwamba pa zinyalala ndi pansi. Kutalika kwa mphalapala kumakhala 3540 metres. Korona zamitengo zimabisala zambiri zokhala ndi ma whitropods. Otsiriza mu dambo la malo otentha 20 miliyoni. Zodzala, ma invertebrates ndi zolengedwa zoyamwitsa pazitali zochepa.

Koala

Popanda iye, monga ku Asia wopanda pandala, mndandanda sukanakhala wathunthu. Koala ndi chizindikiro cha Australia. Nyama ndi ya ma wombat. Awa ndi maukwati okhala ndi zofunikira ziwiri. Akoloni a kontinentiyi adatenga koalas kuti akhale zimbalangondo. Zotsatira zake, dzina lasayansi la mitundu ya phascolarctos limamasuliridwa kuchokera ku Greek kuti "chimbalangondo ndi thumba."

Monga pandas amadalira bamboo, koalas amangodya eucalyptus. Nyama zimafika masentimita 68 kutalika kwake ndi kilogalamu 13 za kulemera. Mabwinja a kholo la koalas, omwe anali okulirapo pafupifupi 30, anapezedwa.

Monga ma wombat amakono, akale anali ndi zala ziwiri pachilichonse. Zala zakuda pambali zimathandizira kunyamula ndi kuyala nthambi.

Kusanthula makolo akale a koalas, asayansi adazindikira kuti nyamazo ndizosochera. M'mutu wa anthu amakono, 40% ya madzi am'magazi. Nthawi yomweyo, kulemera kwaubongo sikupitilira 0.2% ya kuchuluka konse kwa ma marsupials.

Chiwalo sichimadzaza ngakhale chigaza. Makolo a koalas anali choncho. Akatswiri a zoology amakhulupirira kuti chifukwa chosankhira zakudya zamafuta ochepa. Ngakhale masamba amadya nyama zambiri zomwe zimafa msanga.

Ndikukumbukira koyambirira kwa nkhani ija, yomwe imati malo otentha sachepera 2% padziko lapansi. Zikuwoneka pang'ono, koma kuchuluka kwa moyo. Chifukwa chake ma koalas, ngakhale samasiyanitsidwa ndi luntha, amalimbikitsa mayiko onse.

Ndipo, zomwe gehena sichita nthabwala, pamaso pa nyama ndibwino kuti musalankhule za nzeru zawo, mwadzidzidzi kukhumudwitsa. Koalas ndi akhungu, chifukwa chake ali ndi makutu abwino.

Chimbalangondo cha Chimalay

Mwa zimbalangondo, iye ndi yekhayo amene pafupifupi sanatsikire pansi, amakhala pamitengo. Ngakhale Malaylubfoot ya Malail ndi yaying'ono kwambiri pagulu lake. Chovala cha chimbalangondo ndi chachifupi kuposa cha Potapycha china. Kupanda kutero, nthumwi za mitundu ya Chimaleya sizingakhale malo otentha ku Asia.

Mwa zimbalangondo, mtundu wamalawi wamtali ndimalomo atali kwambiri. Imafika masentimita 25. Zovala za nyama nazonso ndiz zazitali kwambiri. Njira ina yokwerera mitengo?

Imodzi mwa mbalame zanzeru kwambiri. Monga waluntha weniweni, a Jacques "amavala" modzichepetsa. Zambiri mwa mbalame ndi imvi. Mchira wokha womwe umakhala ndi nthenga zofiira. Mthunzi wawo suwotcha, koma chitumbuwa.Mutha kuwona mbalame m'nkhalango Africa. Zinyama zamvula zamvula Dziko ladziko lonse limasungidwa mu ukapolo ndipo nthawi zambiri limakhala ngwazi zankhani.

Chifukwa chake, Jacquot wotchedwa Baby wochokera ku USA adakumbukira mayina a achifwamba omwe adalowa mnyumba ya bwana wake. Mbalame zinapereka zidziwitso kwa akuba apolisi.

Mu Guinness Book of Records adalowa a Jaco, omwe amadziwa mawu pafupifupi 500 m'zilankhulo zosiyanasiyana. Mbalameyi idalankhula m'mawu ogwirizana.

Koata

Popanda kutchedwa kuti nyani wa arachnid. Nyama imakhala ndi mutu waching'ono, thupi lalikulu mosayang'ana kumbuyo kwake, komanso miyendo yayitali, yopyapyala. Pamene koata amatambasula pakati pa nthambi, zimawoneka ngati kangaude, kudikirira nyama. Ubweya wakuda, wonyezimira wa nyama umasokonezanso, ngati furu pamatupi a arthropods.

Coat amakhala ku South ndi Central America. Ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 60 kutalika kwa nyani, kutalika kwake mchira ndi masentimita 90.

Zovala sizimangotsika pansi, nthawi zina ma arachnids amagwa ndikuvulala omwe amachira msanga

Chisoti Chagolide

Chachikulu kwambiri pakati pa mbalame zam'malo otentha ku Africa. Mbalame imalemera pafupifupi ma kilogalamu awiri. Nyamayi imatchedwa golidi-helm chifukwa cha nthenga zokhala pamutu pake. Iwo ali, motere, amawukitsidwa, akupanga mtundu wina wa izi kuchokera nthawi za ufumu wa Roma. Mtundu wa nthenga ndi golide.

Pa khosi la kalao pali chigamba cha khungu lopanda kanthu. Amakhala wamisala pang'ono komanso wotakwinya, ngati khosi kapena nkhata. Yakaleo ina ili ndi mlomo waukulu. Nzosadabwitsa kuti wokhala ndi ziwonetserozo ndi wa banja la zipembere.

Ndikosavuta kuti mbalame zazitali zizitola zipatso pamitengo.

Kugona kwa mikono itatu

Nyama zamtundu wanji zamvula yamvula wodekha? Yankho lake n'lachidziwikire. Pamtunda, ma sloth amayenda mothamanga kwambiri kwamamita 16 pa ola limodzi. Nthawi zambiri nyama zimathera panthambi za mitengo yankhalango ya ku Africa. Pali malo oyika pansi. Nthawi zambiri nyama zimagona, ndipo zina zimayamba kutafuna masamba.

Sloth samangodya pazomera zokha, komanso amaphimbidwa ndi iwo. Tsitsi lanyama limaphimbidwa ndi ma microscopic algae. Chifukwa chake, mtundu wa sloths ndi wobiriwira. Algae ndi mbewu zamadzi zamadzi. Kuchoka pamenepo opusa adatenga "anyamatawo".

Zoyenda pang'onopang'ono zimasambira bwino. M'nyengo yamvula, malo okhala amayenera kusungunuka.

Chiwombankhanga

Pakati pa mbalame zodyedwa, ndiye wamkulu kwambiri. Kutalika kwa thupi la nyama kumaposa mita. Mapiko a chiwombankhanga chovekedwa korona akuposa masentimita 200. Mbali yodziwika bwino yamtunduwu ndi yomwe imapezeka pamutu. Mu nthawi zowopsa kapena mzimu wolimbana, nthenga zimatuluka, ndikupanga mawonekedwe amu korona.

Chiwombankhanga chomwe chovekedwa korona chimakhala m'nkhalango ya Africa. Simumawona mbalame zokha. Mbalame zokhazikika zimakhalira pawiri. Ngakhale nyama zawo zouluka limodzi. "Valani" chiwombankhanga, panjira, chiri pafupifupi mamailosi 16 miliyoni.