Angolan Colobus (Colobus angolensis) ogawidwa ku equatorial Africa: kumpoto kwa Congo, kum'mawa kwa Gabon, ku Cameroon, kum'mawa kwa Nigeria, ku Central African Republic, kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Democratic Republic of the Congo, kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Rwanda, ku Uganda, South Sudan, Ethiopia, kumadzulo Kenya ndi loyandikana ndi Tanzania. Mitundu isanu ndi umodzi ya Colobus angolensis ndiofala kuyambira kumwera kwa Sahara kupita ku Tanzania. Ma colobuses a Angolan amapezeka m'nkhalango zachiwiri m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, komanso m'nkhalango zowuma ndi zotentha mpaka mamita 3300 pamwamba pa nyanja.
Mawonekedwe
Angolan colobus Ali ndi thupi lolemera, khungu lake limakhala lakuda kwambiri ndi tsitsi loyera pamapewa ake komanso ndevu zoyera. Tsitsi pamapewa amtundu wosiyanasiyana limakhala lalitali. Dzina lina lachi Angolan colobus ndi boti wakuda yemwe amathamangitsa yoyera. Nyani zazikazi zimakhala ndi michira yayitali kwambiri - zazimuna kutalika kwake kumafika 83 masentimita, zazikazi - 70 cm zazitali ndi masentimita 68 ndi 49 cm, motsatana. Amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala akulu kuposa akazi ndipo amatha kulemera mpaka 11 kg (zazikazi pafupifupi 6 kg).
Zochita Pachikhalidwe ndi Kubereka
Angolan colobus amakhala m'magulu amitala okwanira 25 nyama. Nthawi zambiri pagululi mumakhala abambo akulu akulu amodzi ndipo kuchokera ku azimayi awiri mpaka 6 okhala ndi ana. Nthawi zina ma colobuses amasonkhana m'magulu akulu a anthu 300, ndipo, zoona, mumakhala amuna ambiri m'magulu otere, koma mawonekedwe awo sakhala okhazikika. Ngombe za ku Angolan zilibe nyengo yodziwika yobala, ana amabadwa chaka chonse. Mimba imatenga pafupifupi masiku 160. Ng'ombe zimabadwa zoyera kwathunthu ndipo zimayamba kuda pazaka pafupifupi miyezi itatu. Amayi amasamalira khandalo pafupifupi miyezi 15. Amuna amakhala atatha msinkhu wazaka zinayi, zazikazi pazaka ziwiri. Nthawi zambiri anyamata achichepere amakakamizidwa kuchoka m'gulululi asanakwane kubereka, koma nthawi zina amatha kutsutsa wamwamuna wamkulu. Kutalika kwa colobus m'chilengedwe kumafika zaka 20, ali mu ukapolo - zaka 30.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Angolan colobus - anyani amitengo, samakonda kugwera pansi. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, pomwe ma colobus amasangalala ndi udzu watsopano wamasamba. Amadyanso mphukira, makungwa, maluwa, masamba, zipatso, zipatso, zina zam'madzi ndi tizilombo. Amadya kwambiri - mpaka ma kilogalamu awiri kapena atatu a masamba patsiku.
(Colobus guereza)
Kugawidwa ku Central Africa: ku Central African Republic, kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Democratic Republic of the Congo, ku Congo, kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Gabon, kumpoto kwa Rwanda, kumwera kwa Chad, ku Uganda, South Sudan, Ethiopia, kumadzulo kwa Kenya komanso moyandikana ndi mbali za Tanzania.
Kulemera kwa amuna ndi 9,3-13,5 kg, ndipo kwa akazi ndi 7.8-9.2 kg. Kutalika kwa thupi la amuna ndi pafupifupi masentimita 61.5, achikazi ndi masentimita 57.6 Kutalika kwa mchirawo ndi masentimita 52- 90. Malaya: akuda amaso, nkhope ndi ma semi asayansi ozunguliridwa ndi tsitsi loyera. M'mphepete ndi kumbuyo kumbuyo, tsitsi loyera lalitali limapanga chovala chokhala ngati U. Mbali yakunja ya ntchafu ndi yoyera, mchirawo ndi wamitundu yosiyanasiyana yosinthika ndipo umakhala utoto utoto ndi mitundu yachikasu kuyambira pachiseko mpaka kumapeto.
Colobuses amadya kwambiri masamba, koma kutengera nyengo, amakonda kudya maluwa, zipatso, mizu, mbewu, masamba akutulutsa. Chinyezi chimapezeka pachakudya, komanso amamwa mame ndi madzi amvula omwe amapezeka m'maenje a mitengo. Kapangidwe kapadera ka m'mimba ndi colobus. Imagawidwa m'magawo apamwamba komanso otsika, otsika omwe ali ndi madzi am'mimba, ndipo am'mwambamwamba amakhala ndi mabakiteriya oyimira omwe amachititsa kuti chomera chizipanga mankhwala osavuta. Pakakumba chakudya, zinthu zambiri zapoizoni zomwe zimapezeka m'masamba achomera zimawombanso ndikusintha. Izi zimathandizira colobus kudya zakudya zomwe zili ndi poyizoni kwa mitundu ina ya anyani. Popeza chakudya chazomera chimakhala ndi chakudya chochepa kwambiri, chamoyo cha colobus chimatha kukonza kuchuluka kwa chakudya chotere, ndipo zomwe zili m'mimba zimatha kupitirira theka la kulemera kwa nyama yachikulire.
Zochita za anyaniwa tsiku lililonse. Colobuses zimakhala pamakona a mitengo yayitali. Nthawi yambiri masana amadya ndi kupuma, kusuntha pang'ono, ndipo masana gulu limangoyenda pafupifupi 500. Colobus nthawi zambiri amakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono aamuna wamkulu, akazi angapo achikulire ndi ana angapo achichepere ndi achinyamata. Ngati pali amuna achikulire ambiri, ndiye kuti kukula kwa gululi kumakulanso. Maubwenzi apakati pa mamembala agululi ndi okonda mtendere, amayi ndi mamembala ena a gululi amanyamula ana awo. Nthawi zina pamakhala magulu ophatikiza mpaka nyama 120. Yerekezani kuti awa ndi magulu angapo ogwirizana.
Colobuses timalumikizana pang'ono. Maonekedwe awo a nkhope, kuwonetsa mokweza komanso manja owoneka ndi ochepa kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amawonetsa kuti ndi ankhanza kapena cholinga chogonana. Nthawi zambiri machitidwe awo amadziwika kuti ndi "odekha komanso owopsa." Chimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe alamu yopanga bwino sakhala pamavuto azakudya zawo. Nyaniwa amakhala pamitengo, pomwe chakudya chili paliponse, amakhala nthawi yayitali akukhala malo amodzi ndikulimbikitsa. Kwa iwo sikofunikira kwambiri kugwirizanitsa zomwe onse ali mgululo. Kusunthira m'makona a mitengo, colobuses zimangowonetsetsa kuti siziyandikana kwambiri. Monkey akangolowa chakudyacho, samasokonezedwanso ndi kulumikizana ndi nyama zina. Nthawi zambiri colobus imadyedwa m'mawa komanso kumapeto kwa tsiku, koma nthawi zambiri pamakhala kufunika kokadyetsa masana - chifukwa, palibe nthawi yokwanira yolumikizirana.
Nyumbu za kum'mawa ndi nyani wakachetechete, koma nthawi zambiri mbandakucha komanso dzuwa litalowa, abambo amalankhula mokweza, gulu lonse limanyamula. Kwaya koteroko kumatenga mphindi zingapo. Kukula kwa mawu awa sikumveka bwino.
Kuberekanso sikwakanthawi. Wamkazi amabereka mwana wamwamuna mmodzi pafupifupi miyezi 20. Mimba imatenga masiku 140-220. Mwana wakhanda wolemera pafupifupi 800 g, mkaka wa m'mawindo umatenga miyezi 6. Akazi amatha kutha msinkhu azaka pafupifupi 4, amuna azaka 4-5. Ngakhale kukhwima sikumalumikizidwa ndi nyengo inayake, koma nthawi zambiri ana amapezeka munthawi yoti nthawi yoleka kuyamwa imagwirizana ndi nyengo yazakudya zambiri. Khanda limakhala lalitali pafupifupi 20 cm ndipo limalemera pafupifupi 0.4 kg. Amabadwa ndi maso otseguka ndipo nthawi yomweyo amatha kumangirira chovala chamayi ake kuti agwiritsitse. Mu ng'ombe, tsitsi lathanzi limakhala lofewa komanso lalifupi kuposa nyama zazikulu. Anthu ena pagululi amatenga khanda kuchokera kwa mayi wawo ndikumugwiritsa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali ndikumapita naye mtunda wa 25 metres. Mayi amatha kudyetsa iye ndi mwana wina nthawi yomweyo, ndipo akangoyang'ana wamkazi atatenga ana atatu nthawi imodzi. Kutalika kwa moyo wa colobus pafupifupi zaka 20, ali mu ukapolo - mpaka zaka 29.
Zizindikiro zakunja kwa colobus yachifumu
Royal colobus - anyani - ang'ono kukula ndi thupi lochepera. Amuna ambiri amalemera pafupifupi 9.90 kg, wolemera 14 kg, zazikazi zochepa - pafupifupi 8.30 kg. Kutalika kwa thupi kumasiyana kuchokera pa masentimita 45.0 mpaka 72.0. Mchirawo umakhala ndi kutalika kwa 0.52 cm mpaka 1 mita.
Royal colobus ndiosavuta kusiyanitsa ndi mitundu ina ya mtundu Colobus mwa malo oyera pa ubweya wonyezimira, wakuda. Mu nyani wamtunduwu, ndevu, chifuwa, mchira ndi zoyera. Nthanga zimapangidwa pamtunda wapakati. Matumba a cheek kulibe. Chala chamanthu chakumaso chikuyimiridwa ndi kabuluta wosavuta.
Royal colobus (Colobus polykomos).
Chigoba chimatuluka kutsogolo. Maso ake ali ndi mawonekedwe owongoka ndi kakhalidwe kakang'ono kabowoleka. Mphuno zimakulitsidwa ngati kukulitsa khungu la mphuno ndipo zimatha kupitilira mpaka pakamwa.
Royal Colobus Habitats
Mitengo yachifumu yotchedwa Royal colobus imakhala m'nkhalango zambiri zamvula yotentha (mapiri ndi mtundu wamphepete), momwe imakhazikitsidwa nyengo yayitali.
M'malo okhala nkhokwe, nkhalango zanyontho za mitengo yabwino kwambiri.
Pakadali pano, ambiri mwa ine amabzalidwa ndi mpunga ndi mbewu zina. Pankhaniyi, ma colobuses amakhazikika m'nkhalango zochulukirapo zamitengo yachiwiri. Nkhalango zakale zachiwiri zimakhala 60% zokha.
Royal colobus imasiyanitsidwa ndi malo omwe pali chizindikiro choyera pa ubweya: ndevu zoyera, chifuwa, mchira.
Zokhudza machitidwe a nyumba yachifumu
Royal colobuses amapanga magulu ang'onoang'ono a anthu 5-20. M'banjali muli amuna achimuna 1-3, zazikazi 3 - 4 ndi anyani ang'ono. Onse amapuma limodzi pamtengo umodzi. Nthawi zambiri kuthengo komweko kumakhala anyamata achichepere opanda banja. Pakati pa mapaketi osiyanasiyana nthawi zina malo amasiyana. Zikatero, amphwayi amateteza dera lawo kuti lisatengeke ndi mabombe ena, atetezere nkhosazo ngati zitagwidwa ndi adani.
Nthawi zonse pamakhala malo omasuka pakati pa magulu awiriwa, omwe samaphwanyidwa kawirikawiri.
Kukhala, gulu lachifumu lachifumu likufunika mahekitala 22 a nkhalango yamvula yokhala ndi gawo lalikulu laulere pakati pamalo a gulu lina la nyama. Mukasuntha, zonse zinayi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma nthawi zambiri zimangamira kumbuyo, ndikumamatira kumatamba ndi maburashi, zala zochepetsera zoyamba. Akazi amakondana kwambiri, amakongoletsa tsitsi lawo, komanso amafunafuna tiziromboti.
Akuluakulu achimuna amapezeka kuti ali ndi ulamuliro pa anthu ena. Nyengo ikulankhulana pakati pawo pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe: nkhope, mawonekedwe a thupi, mawu, manja.
Kuswana kwachifumu
Zambiri pazomwe zimaswana nthawi yanyumba yachifumu ndizotsutsana kwambiri. M'magulu ena, kubereka kumachitika chaka chonse, chaka chonse, koma ena, kubadwa kwa ana kumagwirizana ndi nyengo yamvula - Disembala-Meyi. Mulimonsemo, kuchuluka kwa kubereka kumatengera chakudya chochuluka.
Nthawi zambiri nyama zimabisala mumakona akuda amitengo yayitali, kawirikawiri komanso mopanda kutsika.
Royal colobus ndi nyama zamitala, amuna amphongo amodzi ndi akazi angapo, ndizothekanso kukwatirana ndi amuna angapo achikazi.
Mwanayo akuwonekera, wokutidwa ndi ubweya woyera, ndipo akamakula amakula, ndiye kuti pang'onopang'ono amapanga utoto wa ubweya wa nyani wamkulu.
Akazi okha ndi omwe amathandizidwa pakubala ndi kudyetsa ana, amasamaliranso malaya, amateteza. Poyamba, anyani aang'ono samatha kuyenda pawokha, ndikuyenda ndi achikazi. Udindo wa amuna polera ana sunadziwika.
Anyani aang'ono amatha kubereka ana azaka ziwiri zokha. Nthawi pakati pa kubadwa ndi miyezi 20-24. Royal colobus amakhala ku ukapolo kwa zaka 23,5. Kutalika kwa moyo m'chilengedwe sikudziwika, koma zikuwoneka zochepa.
Mbiri yosamalira bwino ya colobus
Chiwerengero chafumu colobus ndichotsika kwambiri. Nyani zamtunduwu zili pa mndandanda wofiira wa IUCN wokhala ndi mitundu yosavutikira. Akutetezedwa ndi Misonkhano ya ku Africa. Royal colobus yalembedwanso ku CITES (Zowonjezera II).
Chiwerengero cha nyama zatsika kupitirira 30% pazaka 30 zapitazi, poganizira kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe, kusaka, komanso kugawikana kwa magulu m'magulu.
Khungu lokongola la chifuwa chachifumu lidakhala ndi gawo loyipa m'miyoyo ya anyani. Ndiamene anachititsa kuti anyani achilendo achulukane.
Mitundu yokhala ngati nkhondo ku Itiyopiya kwanthawi yayitali idakutchira zishango zankhondo ndi ubweya wa nyani. Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma colobus achifumu kumachitika pazigawo zonse, makamaka m'malo omwe akukhudzidwa ndi kudula mitengo, komwe nkhalango zoyambirazi zasowa.
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.