Chovala chowoneka bwinochi ndi kumwetulira kokongola ndi tiger salamander (Latin Ambystoma mavortium), wokhala m'gawolo kuchokera kum'mwera chakumadzulo kwa Canada mpaka kumadera akum'mawa a Mexico.
Tiger salamanders ndi nyama zausiku, malo omwe amakonda kwambiri ndi mabowo onyowa omwe amakumbira okha (pomwe adalandira dzina loti "salamander mole"), kapena omwe alibe. Apa amatha kusunga khungu lawo labwino kwambiri.
Kukula mpaka pafupifupi masentimita 35, tiger salamander ndi imodzi mwazikulu kwambiri pakati pa salamanders onse kuthengo.
Tiger salamanders ndi otchuka kwambiri pakati pa okonda ma amphibian. Amakhala osazindikira chakudya, amalekerera kusintha kwa kutentha, amakhala ndi umunthu ndipo amatha kuzindikira omwe ali nawo.
Okhala ku United States ku Kansas adasankha tiger salamander ngati wamkulu wa boma lawo.
18.01.2019
Tiger ambistoma, kapena tiger salamander (lat. Ambystoma tigrinum) ndi banja la Ambistomatidae (Ambystomatidae). Mpweya wambiri wamtunduwu nthawi zambiri umasungidwa ngati nyama ku North America.
Mu 2005, pakuvota pa intaneti, adasankhidwa kukhala chizindikiro cha dziko la America ku Illinois, ndikumenya osewera ake apamtima - the frog Tree frog (Hyla versicolor) ndi American toad (Anaxyrus americanus).
Nyama sikuyambitsa mavuto ambiri, koma imafunikira ulemu kwa munthu. Ili ndi makina owonera bwino ndipo amatha kukumbukira omwe ali nawo. Ndi chizolowezi chodziwika bwino, chimatulutsa poizoni, chomwe chitha kuyambitsa thupi ndikusokonekera kwa nembanemba ya mucous. Zimakhala zosasangalatsa makamaka akakumana ndi maso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale nthawi yayitali komanso yosasangalatsa.
Amphibian adatchulidwa koyamba mu 1799 ngati Siren operculata wolemba zachilengedwe waku France Ambroise Paliso de Beauvois. Ili ndi dzina lomwe lipezekanso mu 1828 mu ntchito za katswiri wazowona zanyama waku America Jacob Green.
Kufalitsa
Malo amenewa amakhala pafupifupi kumpoto kwa America kuchokera kumadera akumwera kwa Canada kupita kumpoto kwa Mexico. Malire a kumpoto kwa magawo amayenda kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Alaska ndi madera akumwera a Labrador.
Tiger ambistoma imakhala makamaka m'malo otentha. Anthu ambiri amakhala pafupi ndi dziwe losaya pafupi ndi gombe la Pacific.
Ma Amphibian amapezeka mu mabotolo osiyanasiyana m'malo otsika komanso m'mapiri pamtunda wa 3000 m pamwamba pa nyanja, koma sapezeka m'mapiri a Rocky ndi Mapiri a Appalachian. Kummwera, anthu ochepa akutali amakhala ambiri.
A Amphibians amakhala m'madambo onyowa, m'nkhalango zopanda phokoso ndi m'matanthwe, momwe mumapezeka nyanja, matamu komanso mitsinje yocheperako ndi madzi ozizira. Osawonedwa kawirikawiri m'malo omwe amakhala ndi nyengo yotsika pakati pa shrubbery.
Khalidwe
Tiger salamanders palibe usiku. Sakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa, kupewa malo otseguka ndipo samapita kutali kwambiri ndi matupi amadzi. Masana, amabisala m'malo awo okhala pansi pa snags, mitengo yakugwa kapena milu yamiyala.
Nthawi zambiri maboti otayidwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo obisika. Osakhala nawo, amphibians amawakumba okha.
M'dzinja, ambisoma imagwera pansi ndipo nthawi yotentha kwambiri, imayikidwa pansi. Mvula ikamagwa, imadziwikanso padziko lapansi.
Adani akuluakulu achilengedwe ndi ma badger (Melinae), kadzidzi (Strigiformes), njoka (Serpentes) ndi lynxes ofiira (Lynx rufus). Mphutsi zamtundu wofuna kutchuka zimadyetsedwa mwachangu ndi mitundu yambiri ya nsomba ndi tizilombo ta m'madzi.
Pakakhala zoopsa, nyamayo nthawi zambiri m'malo mothawa imakonzekera kubwezeretsa kuukira. Imawerama ndikunyamula mchira, ndikuyigwirizira kumbali ndikutchingira madontho amkaka kuchokera pamenepo. Kamodzi pakamwa kapena m'maso a yemwe akukuvutitsani, wolimba mtima amatha kumukhumudwitsa kuti asamuukire.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Tiger salamander ali ndi chidwi chachikulu. Mu mpando umodzi, amatha kudya nyama, kukula kwake kuli kofanana ndi gawo limodzi la zisanu la thupi lake.
Wosusuka amalimbana ndi zamoyo zonse zomwe zimatha kupirira. Dziwitsa wovutikayo mothandizidwa ndi fungo. Pofikira pafupi naye momwe zingathere, wolusa amagwira lilime lake ndi kuwameza.
Maziko a chakudyacho ndi nyongolotsi, nkhono ndi tizilombo. Kuphatikiza apo, amphibians, mbewa zatsopano, komanso njoka zazing'ono zimadyedwa.
Mphutsi zimadya nkhono ndi nsomba. Mwa iwo, kubala nyama ndi kudya mphutsi zamitundu yofananira ndizofala.
Kuswana
Nyengo yakukhwima imayamba kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, ndipo kumwera kwa gawo kale theka lachiwiri la Disembala, pamene matupi osaya amadzaza madzi amvula. M'madera okwera, imakhala mpaka Juni.
A Amphibians okonzekera kubereka amasiya kukhala maiwe ndikupanga madzi osaya m'magulu akulu, momwe anthu oposa 50 amapezeka nthawi zambiri. Zimayandama mozungulira mzake, zimakankhira ndi kutulutsa mpweya m'madzi mwamphamvu kwambiri kotero kuti imakutidwa ndi thovu. Masewera ophatikizana oterowo amakondweretsa akazi ndikuwakakamiza kuti atenge zikwatu zamphongo zazimuna ndi masiseche awo.
Matching amapezeka nthawi zonse m'madzi ndimdima wamdima.
M'malo ena owuma pomwe tiger salamanders samatha kupeza madzi, amayikira mazira awo mumakumba oyala. Kukula kwawo kumayamba mvula yamvula ikayamba.
Yaikazi nthawi zambiri imayikira mazira pamiyala, pamtunda kapena pamasamba azomera zam'madzi zopezeka pansi. Kusaka kwawo kumachitika masiku angapo pambuyo pa umuna m'magulu a mpaka 200 mpaka 1000 zidutswa.
Mphutsi zamkaka pakatha masabata awiri. Kutalika kwa metamorphosis awo amasiyana kwambiri ndi zochitika zachilengedwe ndipo kumatenga milungu 10 mukukhala ofunda komanso mpaka chaka m'madzi ozizira. Pofika kutalika kwa pafupifupi 8-9 masentimita, ma ambisiti amadutsa padziko lapansi.
Mphutsi zina zimatsalira mu gawo lazachitukuko, kusunga zolemba zawo ndipo sapita kumtunda. Nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa m'madzi akuya komanso ozizira. Nyama yotsalira pachimake cha mphutsi zamkati zimatchedwa axolotl.
Ma amphibians amatha kusungidwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono mu aquaterrarium. Kwa anthu atatu, voliyumu yocheperako ya 100x40x40 cm ndiyofunikira.
Sakanizo la dothi la m'munda ndi peat kapena gawo lapansi la coconut limayikidwa pansi, ndipo sphagnum moss imayikidwa pamwamba. Kukula kocheperako kumayenera kukhala osachepera 10 cm. Ma salamanders amakonda kukumba pansi kapena kubisala m'malo osungirako, chifukwa chake, zoumba zouma kapena za pulasitiki zimayikidwa ngati masheya awo.
Ndikofunika kuti pali chotengera chomwe chili ndi madzi mu terrarium kuti chiphatikize khungu ndikusamba. Ma ambistomes amayamba njira zamadzi pomwe chinyezi cha mpweya chimachepa. Kuti muzisamalira kawiri pa sabata, ndikofunikira kupopera makhoma ndi gawo lapansi.
Masana, matenthedwe amasungidwa pa 21 ° -24 ° C, ndikutsika mpaka 17 ° -20 ° C usiku. Zowunikira, nyali za fluorescent zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ziweto zimadyetsedwa ndi nyongolotsi, mavu, nsomba za ku aquarium, crickets ndi ma tadpoles. Magawo atatu akhungu kapena nkhuku zimadyetsedwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Zinyama zazing'ono zimadyetsedwa tsiku lililonse, ndipo akuluakulu pambuyo masiku awiri ndi atatu.
Kufotokozera
Kutalika kwa thupi la akulu kumayambira 17 mpaka 33 cm. Monga lamulo, amuna ndi akulu kuposa akazi. Ali ndi mchira wautali wopindika kumbali ndi miyendo yakumbuyo yakumbuyo. Akazi ali ndi miyendo yofupikitsa. Zoyimira zazikulu kwambiri adagwidwa ku Colorado.
Mutu waukulu umatha ndi chopindika chozungulira ndipo umasiyanitsidwa ndi khosi. Maso ndiwakuwirira, pakati.
Mtundu umasiyanasiyana kubiriwira maolivi kukhala ma brownish kapena mtundu wakuda ndi mawanga achikaso ndi mikwaso. Gawo lamkati nthawi zambiri limakhala chikasu kapena kubiriwira.
Mabuu ndi achikasu achikasu kapena obiriwira maolivi omwe amakhala ndi mawanga amdima komanso milozo yayitali. Mimba imayera. Mukamakula, mtunduwo umayamba kuda.
Kutalika kwa moyo kuthengo ndi zaka pafupifupi 16. Ali mu ukapolo, ndi chisamaliro chabwino, ambistoma ya tiger amakhala zaka 25.
Habitat for tiger hound
Tiger salamanders ndizofala paliponse: m'nkhalango zowoneka bwino, zipululu, zipululu, malo otsetsereka, minda, malo odyetserako mapiri, m'malo owoneka bwino komanso osowa kawirikawiri m'makomo amadzi. Ambistomes amabala m'madzi: madambo, nyanja ndi matupi enanso amadzi.
Tiger ambistoma (Ambystoma tigrinum).
Moyo wa Tiger Ambisto
Izi ndi nyama zopanda anthu, kupatula nyengo yakukhwima. Ma ambistomes amatha maola ambiri masana kumapeto kwa miyala, pansi pa miyala, m'makoko, ndi m'malo ena, ndipo usiku amayamba kusaka. Ngati palibe pabwino pobisalira, ndiye kuti tiger salamander amatha kukumba palokha.
Ma salamanders amakonda malo onyowa, chifukwa samayenda kutali ndi matupi amadzi. Mwezi wa Okutobala, hibernator imayamba nthawi yachisanu, yomwe amakhala nthawi yayitali.
Chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa pineal gland (pineal gland), yomwe imakhala kumbuyo kwa maso, tiger salamanders amakhala ndi malo oyambira.
Salamanders amayesa kupewa malo otseguka komanso dzuwa.
Adani a amphibians awa amatha, ankhandwe ndi mbalame, ndipo mphutsi zimadyedwa ndi achule ndi nsomba zodya nyama.
Mdani akafika, tiger salamander amatenga chitetezo: imapinda thupi ngati la arc, imakweza mchira wake, ndikuyamba kugwedezeka mbali ndi mbali. Salamander ikapanga mayendedwe oscillatory, poyizoni wamkaka amamasulidwa kuchokera mchira, womwe umalowa m'maso mwa mdani. Koma zilombo zina, ngakhale zili ndi poizoni, zimatsogolera kusaka bwino kwa tiger salamanders. Mwachitsanzo, ma fodya amaponyedwa ndi ambistu m'matope mpaka poizoni alibe.
Kutalika kwa moyo wa anthu oterewa ndi zaka pafupifupi 20.
Chakudya cha ambistos tiger
Tiger salamander amatha kudya nyama, yomwe ndi gawo la 5 kutalika kwake. Mimba ya ambistoma imakhala ndi masentimita 9-10, ndipo 30-60 omwe akhudzidwa akhoza kukhalamo.
Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa pineal gland (pineal gland), yomwe imakhala kumbuyo kwa maso, tiger salamanders amakhala ndi malo oyambira.
Ma salamanders amasaka mothandizidwa ndi olfaction, ndipo samangoyendetsa nyama zokha, komanso nyama yosagwedezeka. Wogwiridwayo akafika pafupi ndi wambisto, amakweza chibwano chake cham'mwamba ndikugwira nyama ndi lilime lake, ndikuyikoka mkamwa mwake. Akuluakulu ndi mphutsi amadya nyama iliyonse yomwe ili yaying'ono kuposa iwowo: maollamu, mphutsi, ndi ma invertebrates ena.
Ubwino ndi kuvulaza kwa ambger ambist
Mphutsi zikuluzikulu nthawi zina zimavulaza asodzi, chifukwa zimatha kudya nsomba zazing'ono, koma poyerekeza ndi mitundu yazinyama zam'madzi, zowonongeka kuchokera kwa iwo ndizochepa kwambiri. Tiger ambistomes ndi othandiza chifukwa amawononga tizilombo tina toyambitsa matenda.
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.
Habitat
Wochulukitsa woperekayo amakhala ku USA, Canada (kumwera kwa dzikolo) komanso kumpoto kwa Mexico. Sitger salamander si yoyera, imamveka bwino pafupifupi m'malo onse achilengedwe. Itha kupezeka mu zipululu ndi zipululu, m'nkhalango zowerengeka komanso zam'madzi, m'madambo ndi m'minda. Koma! Chofunika kwambiri kwa iye ndi kukhalapo kwa dziwe lapafupi. Zokonda zimaperekedwa pamadothi omasuka a mchenga.
Mawonekedwe
Kutalika kwa thupi ndi 27 - 33 cm, pomwe 14 - 17 masentimita amagwera mchira. Mtundu wa salamander ndi wa bulauni, wokhala ndi mikwaso yachikasu ndi mawanga omwazika thupi lonse. Mimba ndiyopepuka. Munthu aliyense ali ndi mtundu wake ndi mtundu wake. Thupi limakhala lakuthwa, mutu lonse. Zala zinayi pamphumi, zisanu pamphumi zakumaso. Alibiretu mphuno. Amatha kutsegula pakamwa pake, kwinaku akumamatira kwa wolakwirayo ndi lilime lomata.
Adani
Tiger salamander ali ndi mavuto ambiri, awa ndi ma raccoon ,amu, mbalame. Koma ngwazi yathu yosakanizidwa imatha kudziteteza mopanda mantha. Pakumuukira, amagwadira thupi mu arc, ndikukweza mchira wake ndikuwugwedeza mbali ndi mbali. Poizoni akutuluka. Pankhondo, poizoni amagwera wolakwayo. Mwachitsanzo, nyama yosaka fodya, nyama yanzeru, imakung'ung'uza pansi ndikuthira poizoni. Chule wamphongo ndi nsomba zimadya caviar ndi mphutsi za salamander.
Utali wamoyo
Kuthengo, nyalugwe wamtchire amakhala pafupifupi zaka 20.
Mayina ena: gawo lam'mawa la tiger salamander, ambgeroma ya tiger.
- Gulu - Amphibians
- Gulu - Lamalonda
- Banja - Ambistomy
- Ndodo - Tiger Salamander
- Onani - Tiger Salamander