Malo osungirako zachilengedwe a Elk Island akupezeka ku Moscow ndi Dera la Moscow. Chilumba cha Elk chili ndi malo awiri okhala nkhalango - Yauzsky ndi Losinoostrovsky - mkati mwa likulu ndi mapaki anayi a nkhalango omwe ali m'chigawo cha Moscow.
Kudzala mitengo yaini kukhala komwe kwachitika m'chipaka cha Losinoostrovsky kwazaka zopitilira 115, kuyambira pamenepo malo osangalatsawa asintha kukhala mtundu weniweni wa coniferous.
Malingaliro opanga malo osungiramo dziko lino adaganiziridwa zaka zoposa 100 zapitazo, pakiyo idangopangidwa kokha mu 1983. Chilumba cha Elk chinaphatikizaponso malo osakira omwe kale anali omaliza a a Romanovs.
Elk Island National Park, yomwe ili kumapiri.
Ichi ndi chimodzi mwamaphunziro oyamba adziko lathu komanso nkhalango yayikulu kwambiri ku likulu la Russia.
Zomera ndi nyama za Losinoostrovsky National Park
Malo achilengedwe ochulukirapo, nkhalango za birch, nkhalango zotambalala, malo akuluakulu ndi malo okwanira akukhalamo malo okulirapo. Mtundu wa pristine wamtunduwu m'malo ake osungirako malo osungirako paki umathandizidwa ndi kubzala mitengo, zotchingira ndi maiwe. Chinthu chapadera kwambiri ku gawo la Elk Island ndi Alekseevskaya Grove. Ndi gawo la nkhalango, momwe mitengo yambiri yambiri, imakhala ndi zaka 250. Gawo la gawo la Alekseevskaya ndi mbiri yakale komanso yosaka zakale yotchedwa Tsar's Hunt.
Zomera ndi zinyama za Elk Island ndizosiyanasiyana.
Zinyama za kona yosungika iyi ndizodabwitsanso. Zinyama zosawerengeka zimakhala pano: tsekwe, agwape, nkhumba zamtchire, mavuwa, okongoletsa ndi ena ambiri. Mbalame zokhala pachilumba cha Elk Island zimadziwika kuti ndizosowa kwambiri ku Moscow.
Maonekedwe
National Park sikuti malo otetezedwa komanso malo achisangalalo okha. Malowa ali ndi chidutswa cha moyo wakumidzi wa ku Russia. Chipilala chokongola kwambiri cha Russian Life Museum, chomwe chili ndi zinthu zakale zokumbidwa pansi zakale ndi zinthu za m'nyumba za anthu omwe amakhala m'zaka za m'ma 1800 mpaka 1900. Kuwonetsedwa kwa malo osungiramo zinthu zakale a Tsar's Hunt amapeza alendo omwe ali ndi mbiri yakaleyi ndi moyo komanso mawonekedwe amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kusaka kwa Russia: galu, fisi, etc.
Pali njira zingapo zoyendera paphwandopo.
Kuti muphunzire mtundu wa chilumba cha Elk chinali chosangalatsa komanso chosangalatsa, njira zingapo zoyendera zidayikidwa pakiyo, kutsatira zomwe mudzathetsa zinsinsi zonse zachilengedwe, komanso kudziwa mbiri ya Muscovy. Njira yodziwika kwambiri pakati pa ena ndi njira yotere ya "Dera Lodziwika bwino". Chipatso chakudyacho chimapanga nkhalango yowirira kwambiri ndipo sizingatheke kukhulupirira kuti chitukuko chikuyandikira kwambiri. Zachidziwikire, kuchokera apa - makilomita awiri okha kupita ku msewu waukulu wa Moscow (msewu waukulu wa Yaroslavl).
Elk ndiye chinthu chachikulu chokopa paki.
Elk biostation ili pafupi ndi gawo la ndende la Elk Island. Apa mutha kukumana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphalapala.
Mapu ndi malo a Elk Island.
Pali china chosangalatsa kwa ana ku Moscow gawo la paki: Red Pine Center ikudikirira alendo achichepere. Pa magawo ake mitengo yakale yaiwisi yosowa ku Moscow ipulumuka. Nayi "Korona wa Zakutchire", ndipo pafupi naye adayika njira "Lowani M'dziko Lobiriwira."
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.
Ili kuti Elk Island National Park ndi malire ake
Chilumba cha Elk chili kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Moscow, pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mzindawo. M'chigawochi, nkhalangoyi imakhala m'chigawo cha Korolev m'tawuni, komanso zigawo za Mytishchi, Pushkin, Shchelkovo ndi Balashikha.
Pakiyo ili pakati pa 55 ° 47 'ndi 55 ° 55' N ndi 37 ° 40 'ndi 38 ° 01' E, pakati pa Klinsko-Dmitrov Ridge ndi Meshchera Lowland.
Mu 1983, chilumba cha Elk chidakhala chimodzi mwa malo oyamba azikhala ku Russia. Gawo la park limagawika m'magawo atatu - yoyamba ili pansi pa chitetezo chapadera, chachiwiri chimaloledwa kuyenda ndi masewera, koma panjira zina zokha. Ndipo lachitatu likupezeka maulendo ambiri ndipo cholinga chake ndi kusangalatsa anthu okhala ku Moscow.
Jiyo
Malo okhalamo okhalamo mu 2001 anali 116.215 km². Nkhalangoyi imakhala pamtunda wa 96.04 km² (83% ya dera), pomwe ma 3077 km² (27%) ali mkati mwa mzinda wa Moscow. Gawo lotsalalo limakhala ndi matupi amadzi - 1.69 km² (2%) ndi chithaphwi - 5.74 km² (5%). Makina ena owonjezera a 66.45 km akonzedwa kuti awonjezere pakiyo [ gwero silinatchulidwe masiku 813 ] .
Pakiyo imagawidwa m'magawo asanu ogwirira ntchito:
- Malo otetezedwa, mwayi woletsedwa ndiwoletsedwa ndipo zochitika zilizonse zachuma - 1.8 km² (1.5% ya gawo),
- Dera lotetezedwa makamaka, kupezeka kwawo kumaloledwa ndi mgwirizano ndi oyang'anira kapena operekezedwa ndi ogwira ntchito park - 42.9 km² (34.6%),
- Malo otetezera zipilala zakale ndi zachikhalidwe ndi otseguka kwa alendo, zochitika zomwe zimasintha mawonekedwe a malo ndizoletsedwa - 0.9 km² (0.7%),
- Malo achisangalalo, otsegulidwa ndi anthu - 65.6 km² (52.8%),
- Dera lokhala ndi zachuma limaphatikizapo malo ofunikira kuti pakhale ntchito zofunika polojekiti ndi malo oyandikana nawo - 12.9 km² (10.4%).
Mulinso mapaki 6 a nkhalango: Yauzsky ndi Losinoostrovsky (omwe ali mkati mwa Moscow), komanso Moscow Region Mytishchi, Losinopogonny, Alekseevsky ndi Shchelkovsky. Malinga ndi malo, malo osungirako malo ali m'malire a Meshchera Lowland ndi madera akumwera kwa Klinsko-Dmitrov Ridge, womwe ndi madzi pakati pa mtsinje wa Moscow ndi Klyazma. Malo omwe ali ndi mapiri pang'ono. Kutalika kumayambira ku 146 m (chigwa cha kusefukira kwa Mtsinje wa Yauza) mpaka mamita 175. Pakati penipeni pa ulendowu, mpumulo ndiwosalala kwambiri. Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi gawo lakumwera chakumadzulo kwa paki, pomwe malo omwe panali phirilo la Yauza ndi malo otsetsereka.
Pa gawo la pakiyo pali magwero a mitsinje ya Yauza ndi Pekhorka. Njira yachilengedwe ya Yauza idawonongedwa kwambiri mu peat mu 1950-1970, njira ya Pekhorka idasintha kwambiri pomanga station ya Akulovskaya hydroelectric. Gawo la Elk Island, mitsinje ing'onoing'ono ingapo ndi mitsinje yambiri imalowa ku Yauza, kuphatikiza Ichka ndi Budaika.
Malo okongola kwambiri
- Chigwa cha mtsinje Yauzy m'boma la Bogorodskoye (Moscow)
- Moscow Taiga (nkhalango zakale zophatikizika ndi Losinoostrovsky Forest Park, ku Moscow)
- Alekseevskaya grove ndi dziwe la Alekseevsky (Bulganinsky) (Balashikha)
- Dambo la Yauzsky madambo komanso malo opezekamo madzi a Mytishchi (Mytishchi)
- Korzhevsky landmark (mapangidwe nkhalango yopangidwa ndi anthu kupatula malire ndi mzinda wa Korolev)
- Quarry pafupi ndi mseu Bizinesi yamtendere (mzinda wa Korolev)
Malo osangalatsa omwe mungachezere
- Elk Biostation. Zakhala zikugwira ntchito kuyambira 2002. Yotsegulidwa mu Disembala 2015 atamanganso. Apa ndikotheka kukhudza ndikudyetsa tsekwe, phunzirani zonse za moyo wake.
- Arboretum . Yotsegulidwa mu 2014. Mitu itatu ilumikizidwa mu mutu wankhaniyi - kusiyanasiyana kwa nkhalango za ku Russia, nyama zamtchire za ku Moscow Region, ndi ntchito ya ogwira ntchito m'nkhalango. Arboretum ili pafupi ndi nkhokwe ya Alekseevskaya (tsamba la 200 zaka za paini ndi nkhalango za linden). M'malo otchingidwa ndi nkhalangoyi, zojambula zake za dziko zomwe zidayamba chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1700 - 1800 komanso zithunzithunzi za m'zaka za zana la 12 zikuwonekerabe.
- Museum "Russian Life". Ilipo kuyambira 1998, mu 2015 idapangidwanso. Moyo wa anthu wamba komanso wakunja kwatawuni kwamzaka za XIX - XX zaka zambiri komanso chuma cha nthawi ya Vyatichi nyengo ya koloni ya chigwa chikuwonetsedwa. Moscow (X m'ma).
- Mbalame ya Watch Tower pa Cast Iron Bridge (Mytishchi). Madzi osaya ndi mabedi abango akuwonekera bwino kuchokera munsanjayo. Ndizosangalatsa kuchezera mu kasupe ndi nthawi yophukira, nthawi yomwe amathawa.
Nkhani
Moose Island adadziwika kuyambira 1406. C XV mpaka XVIIΙ zaka mazana ambiri. Madera anali gawo la nyumba yachifumu ya Taininskaya, omwe minda yawo kuyambira kale anali malo osakira a akalonga aku Russia komanso zigawo. Chifukwa chake, mu 1564, Ivan IV anali akusaka zimbalangondo pano. Mwambiri, chilumba cha Moose chinasungiratu boma lotetezedwa. Mu 1799, nkhalango zidasinthidwa kupita ku dipatimenti yosungirako zachuma ndipo kafukufuku woyamba woyang'anira wamkulu anachitika, nkhalangoyi inagawika pawiri, dera lililonse limafanana. Kudula mitengo koyambirira kudakhazikitsidwa mu 1842, nthawi yomweyo kutengera kuthekera koyamba kudatsirizidwa ndi taxi taxi wamkulu Yegor Grimme ndi junior taxi taxi Nikolai Shelgunov. Malinga ndi zotsatira zake, spruce amalamulira ndalama kuthengo (67%), yomwe pambuyo pake idapereka pine ndi birch.
Mu 1844, nkhoswe Vasily Gershner adayala maziko a kukhazikitsidwa kwa nkhalango zopangidwa ndi anthu ku Elk Island. Ntchito yogwira ntchito yankhalango, makamaka kufesa ndi kubzala paini, idachitika kwa zaka 115. Izi landings akadali kugonjetsedwa ndi chidwi anthropogenic.
Mkati mwa zaka za XIX zidakonzedwa Losinoostrovskaya kanyumba (Pogon-Losino-Ostrovsky Forestry), nthawi yankhalango mwadongosolo inayamba.
Lingaliro lopanga malo osungirako zachilengedwe mu 1912 lidayikidwa patsogolo ndi wamkulu wa mlangizi wa zamaphunziro a nkhalango Sergei Vasilievich Dyakov. Mu 1934, Elk Island adaphatikizidwa ndi "lamba wobiriwira wamakilomita 50" mozungulira Moscow.
Ambiri mwa nkhalangoyi adadulidwa panthawi ya Nkhondo Yaikulu ya Patriotic. Mu 1943, anaganiza zobwezeretsanso thumba la ku Elk Island. Kukwaniritsidwa kwa dongosololi kunayamba mu 1944. Mu 1979, mwa chisankho cholumikizidwa ndi Moscow City ndi Regional C Council of People's Deplication, a Losiny Ostrov adasinthidwa kukhala paki yachilengedwe, ndipo pa Ogasiti 24, 1983, mwa lingaliro la Council of Ministers of RSFSR, park National.
Mu Seputembara 2006, Meya wa Moscow Yuri Luzhkov adatumiza kalata ku Boma la Russia yopempha kuti achepetse gawo la malo osungirako zachilengedwe ku Moscow ndi mahekitala 150 (adakonzekera kuti amange msewu wawukulu wa Mainth Ring Road m'derali, komanso kuti amange mudzi wanyumba - Posolsky Gorodok). Adapangana kuti alipire madera awa pothirira malo osungirako nkhalango a Gorensky a Balashikha apadera oyang'anira nkhalango (dera la Moscow). Mu Januware 2007, Boma la Russia lakana meya wa Moscow kuti asinthe malire a Elk Island.
Mu Seputembala 2016, siteshoni ya Belokamennaya yokhala pakati mphete ya ku Moscow idatsegulidwa mwachindunji kudera la pakiyo.
Mu Marichi 2019, Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev adalengeza kuti adzalimbikitsa Unduna wa Zachilengedwe kuti usinthe malire a paki ya Losiny Ostrov m'chigawo cha Moscow kuti asinthe njira yayikulu ya Schelkovo. Adalinganiza kupatula mahekitala 140 kuchokera ku malo osungirako zachilengedwe, pomwe ma 54 awo ndi malo oyimapo nkhalango. Kubwezerako, "Elk Island" adzapatsidwa pafupifupi mahekitala 2000 a nkhalango zina pafupi ndi Moscow. Greenpeace Russia idapempha a Prosecutor General kuti aletse kuchotsa malo paki ya Losiny Ostrov. Woyimira TV komanso katswiri wazachilengedwe Nikolai Drozdov adapempha kazembe wa Moscow Region Andrei Vorobyov poyitanitsa kuti apulumutse Elk Island.
Njira yachitetezo ndi malo achitetezo
Pa Marichi 29, 2000, Prime Minister Vladimir V. Putin adasayina lamulo lopereka Federal Forestry Service la Russia, pamodzi ndi Boma la Moscow, Moscow Region Administration ndi State Committee for Environmental Protection, ndi ntchito yopanga ndi kuvomereza lamulo lapa Losiny Ostrov National Park ndi kuonetsetsa kuti zikutsatilidwa ndi gawo lake.
Malamulo a National Park pa National Park, ovomerezedwa pa June 30, 2010 ndi Unduna wa Zachilengedwe, amakhazikitsa boma loziteteza lomwe limaganizira zachilengedwe, mbiri yakale, chikhalidwe ndi zina pazigawo zagawoli, zomwe zimaphatikizapo:
- dera lotetezedwa makamaka, yomwe imapereka mwayi woteteza ndi kubwezeretsa zachilengedwe zamtengo wapatali ndizofunikira ndi maulendo owongoleredwa mosamalitsa,
- dera lokopa maphunzirolotseguka kuti bungwe lothandizira maphunziro azachilengedwe lizidziwa bwino za paki yadziko,
- malo achisangalaloadapangira bungwe la alendo omasuka
- malire achitetezo cha zinthu zakale ndi zikhalidwe - zipilala zamtengo wapatali kwambiri (zapadera) zakale, mbiriyakale, chikhalidwe,
- gawo lazachumaCholinga chofuna kukhazikitsa ntchito zachuma zofunikira poonetsetsa kuti pakiyo ikugwira ntchito.
Kuti achepetse kuwononga zachilengedwe za anthropogenic pazimera ndi zinyama zadzalo, boma la Losiny Island lidalongosola momveka bwino malo omwe achitetezo, momwe momwe zitsime zodetsa mpweya ndi maiwe am'madzi ziyenera kuthetsedwera komanso kumanga malo omwe angavulaze chilengedwe kuyenera kuletsedwa.
Malire a madera otetezedwa adakhazikitsidwa ndi chigwirizano cha Maofesi a Anthu a ku Moscow ndi ku Moscow City C Council of People's Deplication ndipo kufotokozera kwawo kwathunthu kunaphatikizidwa ndi Regulation on the National Park ya Juni 30, 2010.
Kulongosola kwathunthu malinga ndi Zakumapeto 3 pamaganizidwe a komiti yayikulu ya Moscow Regional and Moscow City C Council of People's Depomes of May 4, 1979 N 1190-543 and Appendix 1 to the Regulation on federal state institution "Losiny Ostrov National Park", lovomerezedwa ndi Unduna wa Zachilengedwe ku Russian Federation kuchokera Juni 30, 2010 N 232.
Kufotokozera kwamalire amalo otetezedwa a Losiny Ostrov National Park
Moscow: kuchokera kumphepete mwa msewu wa Moscow Ring Road (MKAD) yokhala ndi Schelkovo Highway pamalire amkati mwa ukadaulo wa tekinolo wa MKAD (200 m kuchokera ku nkhwangwa) kupita ku Baikalskaya Street, motsatira Baikalskaya St., Biryusinka St. ndi Amurskaya St. kupita ku mphete yaying'ono ya Moscow District Railway, njanji yopita ku Open Highway, kudutsa Open Highway kupita ku Podbelsky St., kenako m'misewu ya 1 Podbelsky, Myasnikov, Millionnaya kupita ku Mtsinje wa Yauza, mumtsinje wa Yauza kupita ku Oleniy Val St., pa Oleniy Val St. ndi Sokolnichesky Val kupita ku Kuwongolera kwa Yaroslavl kwa njanji yaku Moscow, ndi sitima th Road kumpoto kwa Boris Galushkin St., B. Galushkin St. kupita Yaroslavskaya St., Yaroslavskaya St. kupita ku Mtsinje wa Yauza, m'mbali mwa Mtsinje wa Yauza chakummaŵa kupita ku Yaroslavl njira yopita ku Moscow Railway, kudzera pa msewu wopita ku msewu wa Yaroslavl Highway, mumsewu wa Yaroslavl Highway kulowera pamsewu ndi Moscow Ring Road.
Dera la Moscow: kuchokera pachipata cha MKAD ndi msewu waukulu wa Yaroslavl kulowera kumpoto-kummawa kudzera mumsewu waukulu wa Yaroslavl kupita ku Dzerzhinsky St. (Mytishchi), kudutsa Dzerzhinsky St. kupita ku Yaroslavl kulowera kwa Moscow Railway, kudutsa njira ya Yaroslavl yopita ku Moscow Railway kupita ku Mytishchi Station, kuchokera ku Mytishchi Station kupita ku Yaroslavl msewu waukulu wa Kolontsov, Abramov ndi Karl Marx (omwe kale anali Sportivnaya ndi Profsoyuznaya), mumsewu waukulu wa Yaroslavl kupita kumpoto-kummawa kupita ku Pionerskaya st. (Mzinda wa Korolev), m'misewu ya Pionerskaya, Kaliningrad, Gorky, Nakhimov, m'malire am'mphepete mwa nkhalango ya Quarter 2-7 Schelkovo, malire akum'mawa kwa Quarter 7, malire akum'mwera a mudzi wa Serkovo ndi Zhegalovo (Zhigalovo) ndi Shchelkovo mpaka kotala. 14 ya malo osungirako nkhalango a Shchelkovo, m'mbali mwa kumpoto ndi kum'mawa kwa mabwalo 14 ndi 15 kupita ku mseu waukulu wa Shchelkovsky, mphepete mwa kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa msewu waukadaulo wa msewu waukulu wa Shchelkovsky (400 m kuchokera ku nkhwangwa) kupita ku Moscow Ring Road.
Pa 9 February 2011, mgwirizano udasainidwa pamgwirizano pakati pa Unduna wa Zachilengedwe ku Russia Federation ndi Boma la Moscow kuti uonetsetse kayendetsedwe ka malo a Losiny Ostrov National Park kuti akwaniritse ufulu wa Muscovites wokhala ndi malo abwino komanso kusunga malo achilengedwe. Panganoli lidakakamiza Unduna wa Zachilengedwe kuti ugwirizane ndi Boma la Moscow malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito malo omwe akuphatikizidwa m'malire a paki ya dzikolo komanso omwe ali m'mbali mwa malo osungirako zachilengedwe, "popanda kuwachotsa pantchito zachuma».
Pa Marichi 26, 2012, Unduna wa Zachilengedwe ku Russia udavomereza lamulo latsopanoli ku malo osungirako zachilengedwe a Elk Island. Malamulowo adafotokoza momwe gawo la pakiyo lidzagwiridwire ntchito, momwe zidatsimikizidwira:
- malo osungira, kusamalira zachilengedwe zachilengedwe mwanjira yachilengedwe komanso mkati mwa malire, zomwe zidaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito kwachuma chilichonse.
- dera lotetezedwa makamakaM'malo mwake, pakusunga chilengedwe mwachilengedwe, maulendo ndi maulendo oyendera maphunziro amapatsa mwayi,
- malo achisangalaloZogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zikhalidwe ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuyika zinthu za ntchito zokopa alendo, malo owonera zakale ndi malo achidziwitso,
- malo osungira zachilengedwe (zolemba zakale ndi zachikhalidwe) za anthu aku Russia Federation, momwe zosangalatsa ndizololedwa.
- gawo lazachuma.
Gawo lolongosola malire a malo otetezedwerako pakiyo lidachotsedwa mu lamulo latsopanolo, koma zidadziwika kuti malinga ndi malamulo a Russian Federation "Nkhani zokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi mabungwe azachuma, komanso ntchito zachitukuko zakhazikitso za malo osungirako zachilengedwe ndi chitetezo chake zimayanjanitsidwa ndi Unduna wa Zachilengedwe ku Russia».
Kufunika kwa boma pakukakamizidwa kwa madera otetezedwa makamaka m'malo achitetezo chotsimikizidwa ndi Lamulo la Boma la Russian Federation la febru 19, 2015, lomwe linakhazikitsa kuti kutalika kwa malo otetezedwa ndi pakiyo kuyenera kukhala kilomita imodzi. Komanso, Malamulowa adatsindika kuti malo otetezedwa a mapaki adziko "sangapezeke mkati mwa malire ndinateteza magawo azachuma chofunikira kwambiri. ” Ponena ndi zoyesayesa zomwe zikuchitika pakugwiritsa ntchito chilumba cha Losiny komanso poteteza, mosiyana ndi malamulo omwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito, Khothi Lalikulu la Russian Federation pa Disembala 26, 2016 lidatsimikiza kuti "malire a paki ya dzikolo ndi malo ake otetezedwa akufotokozedwa ndi ziwonetsero 2 ndi 3 malinga ndi chigamulo cha 05/04/1979 No. 1190-543» .
Mu Ogasiti 2017, wamkulu wa atolankhani a Unduna wa Zachilengedwe ku Russia Federation poyankhulana Nkhani za RIA adatsimikiza kuti "palibe zochitika zachuma pagulu lazachitetezo zomwe zimakhudza malo osungira zachilengedwe, kuphatikizapo nyumba» .
Malire oteteza dera la Losiny Island amawonetsedwa pamapiritsi azidziwitso ndipo amalembedwera pansi ndi zizindikiro zapadera zakuchenjeza.
Kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2019, Unduna wa Zachilengedwe, mu gawo latsopano la Regulation on Otetezedwa Malo Otetezedwa Mwapadera, adaganiza zongolola kusintha ndi kusiya kukhalapo kwa malo ogumulirako, komanso kuloleza kumanga malo okhala ndi nyumba zosakhalamo zomwe sizipereka "kusokoneza kwachilengedwe» .
Malire ndi chitukuko chovomerezeka
Pa Disembala 14, 2009, atapemphedwa ndi ofesi yoweruza milandu ku khothi, khothi la Arbitration la Moscow linapereka chigamulo choti nyumba igwe. Khothi Lalikulu Loona za Chigawo ku Moscow linavomereza chigamulochi.
Dongosolo laling'ono la mzinda wa Balashikha, lovomerezedwa ndi Council of Deperior komanso mtsogoleri wa chigawo cha mzinda V. G. Samodelov mu Disembala 2005, lili ndi chidziwitso cholondola pamalire a National Park ndipo likuyembekeza pang'ono kukula. Malo osungirako malo osungirako malo omwe akuwonetsedwa pa mapulani adachoka pamalire okhazikitsidwa m'magawo ena mpaka 400 metres.
Chifukwa chake, kuphwanya malamulo apano, chikalata sichinaperekedwe ku Dipatimenti ya Rosprirodnadzor ku Central Federal District ndipo sichinavomerezedwe ndipo adalandiridwa ndikuphwanya lamulo la Federal Law on Special Otetezedwa Natural Territories. Lamuloli limapereka kuti nkhani zachitukuko chachuma cha mabungwe azachuma, komanso ntchito zachitukuko chakhazikitso zomwe zili m'madera omwe ali ndi malo osungirako mayiko ndi malo awo otetezedwa, zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi akuluakulu aboma.
"Pakumanga kwa Shchitnikovo microdistrict mu Ogasiti 2008, wopanga kampani ya Kifo-N Construction Company mosazungulira anaika pulawo pamtunda wa 49 wa Alekseevsky Forest Park ndikugwira ntchito yokonzekeretsa dzenje ndi ngalande. Zotsatira zake, nthaka idawonongeka pamalo a 3764 m² ndipo mbewu za m'nkhalango pamalo a 1 ha zidawonongeka. Zowonongekazo zidaposa ma ruble 62 miliyoni 792,000, "ofesi ya Prosecutor General idatero.
Mlandu wachitetezo udatsegulidwa chifukwa chodula mitengo mosaloledwa mosaloledwa m'deralo, womwe udafufuzidwa ndi dipatimenti yofufuza ku Internal Affairs Directorate m'boma la Balashikha. Komabe, ndiye kuti mlandu wamilandu udatsekedwa. Ntchito yomanga mu 2009 idayimitsidwa, koma gawo lomwe linali litakhazikitsidwa kale silinabwerenso ku paki yadzikolo. Pofika chaka cha 2017, panali ma microdistricts awiri atsopano a Balashikha. Kuphatikiza apo, kwa okhalamo, akuluakulu aku Moscow adalola kudula mahekitala ena 0,3.
Kupha nyama ndi agalu osochera
Kuyambira kuchiyambiyambi kwa zaka za m'ma 2000 zino, nyama zamtchire zathandizidwa ndi miyulu ya agalu osochera omwe akukhalamo. Malinga ndi nyuzipepala ya Izvestia, gulu la agalu a 10-15 pagombe lodyera nkhumba zazing'ono ndi agwape, kuwathamangitsa kwa makolo awo, kuwononga zisa za mbalame, kugwira agologolo, ma gule, zimbudzi ndi nyama zina. Malinga ndi mkonzi wamkulu wa Red Book of Moscow Boris Samoilov, agalu osochera adatsala pang'ono kuwononga agwape osungirako paki.
Wachiwiri kwa Director wa National Park Vladimir Sobolev mu 2009 adati nyengo yozizira yapitayi panali zochitika 5 zokhudzana ndi kufa kwa nyama chifukwa chakuwombedwa ndi mapaketi agalu: abulu, elk ndi nkhumba zamtchire adaphedwa.
Malinga ndi nyuzipepala ya Moskovsky Komsomolets, yomwe imanenanso ogwira ntchito ku paki ya dzikolo, agulu 17 aku Far East adabweretsedwa kumalo osungirako a Elk Island mu 1960s. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za XXI, gulu la ziweto lidali pafupifupi 200. Komabe, kuyambira 2005, ogwira ntchito adayamba kupeza mafupa amiyala yonyansa omwe adachitidwa chipongwe ndi agalu osochera. M'nyengo yozizira imodzi yokha ya 2008-2009, agwape 17 adamwalira, zomwe ndi pafupifupi 10% ya ng'ombe, chifukwa chogwidwa ndi galu, bukulo likuti.
Zolemba
- ↑ Dongosolo la malo otetezeka
- ↑ Malamulowa pa Elk Island National Park(osatchulidwa) . Nyuzipepala yaku Russia. Tsiku lachipatala pa Epulo 19, 2016.
- Bi Kuphulika kwa Losinoostrovskaya kutulutsidwa pambuyo pomanganso (Russian). TV Center - Webusayiti yovomerezeka ya kampani yakanema. Tsiku lachipatala pa Epulo 19, 2016.
- ↑ Arboretum ku Elk Island National Park(osatchulidwa) (cholumikizika chosagwirizana). Arboretum mu Elk Island National Park. Tsiku lachipatala pa Epulo 19, 2016.Zosungidwa pa Epulo 13, 2016.
- Years Zaka makumi atatu ndi mazana atatu // Choonadi cha Kaliningrad. - Seputembara 5, 2013. - Na. 99.
- ↑ Pakakhazikitsidwa Los Angeles Ostrov State Natural National Park - Kusintha kwa Khonsolo ya Nduna za RSFSR pa Ogasiti 24, 1983 No. 401
- ↑ Vedomosti, Na. 15 (1789), Januware 30, 2007
- Kumangidwanso kwa msewu waukulu wa Shchelkovsky
- Moto mu "Chilumba cha Elk" udakulirapo ziphunzitso zabodza(osatchulidwa) . bfm.ru (Epulo 15, 2019).
- ↑Irina Rybnikova.Dinani(osatchulidwa) . Nyuzipepala yaku Russia (Marichi 19, 2019).
- ↑Igor Panarin.Othandizira chikhalidwe cha anthu adafunsa zamtunduwu ponena za kuphedwa kwa "Elk Island" polemekeza tsiku lobadwa la kazembe wa Moscow Region Andrei Vorobyov(osatchulidwa) (cholumikizika chosagwirizana). EcoGrad (Epulo 16, 2019). Tsiku loti apereke apilo pa 16 Apreli, 2019.Zosungidwa pa Epulo 16, 2019.
- ↑ Pa Elk Island National Park - Lamulo la Boma la Russia pa Marichi 29, 2000 N 280
- Kuvomerezedwa ndi bungwe la federal boma "Elk Island Island National Park" - Order of the Ministry of Natural Resources of the Russian Federation of June 30, 2010 N 232
- ↑ 12Povomerezedwa ndi Malamulo opanga madera otetezedwa a madera ena otetezedwa mwapadera, kukhazikitsidwa kwa malire awo, kutsimikiza kwa boma kuteteza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito matupi amtunda ndi madzi mkati mwa malire a zigawo zotere - Lamulo la Boma la Russian Federation la febulo 19, 2015 No. 138
- ↑ Mgwirizano pakati pa Unduna wa Zachilengedwe ndi Ecology ya Russian Federation ndi Boma la Moscow pa mgwirizano kuti ugwire bwino ntchito kwa Losiny Ostrov National Park
- Kuvomerezedwa ndi lamulo pa Elk Island National Park - Order of the Ministry of Natural Natural of Russian Russian of March 26, 2012 N 82
- ↑ 2017 - Chaka cha chilengedwe ku Elk Island: wankhondo m'munda umodzi?
- Khothi Lalikulu Kwambiri ku Russia Federation - Chisankho No. 305-KG16-15981 ya Disembala 26, 2016
- Ministry Unduna wa Zachilengedwe watsutsa mphekesera za mapulani oti amange papaki ya Elk Island
- Ministry Unduna wa Zachilengedwe wafooketsa boma la chitetezo // nyuzipepala ya Kommersant N. 193 pa 10/22/2019, - C. 5
- Kuvomerezedwa ndi General Plan ya distilikiti ya Balashikha
- Khotilo lidakhazikitsa malire a Elk Island National Park
- ↑ 1234Elk City m'malo mwa Elk Island. Momwe malo osungira zachilengedwe amawonongera mahekitala a nkhalango chaka ndi chaka(osatchulidwa) (cholumikizika chosagwirizana). Tsiku lomwe lafika pa Ogasiti 27, 2017.Zosungidwa pa Ogasiti 27, 2017.
- ↑Perezhogin EMoose saopa m'misewu. Amakhala ku Elk Island // Eastern District. - 2013. - Na. 2 pa Januware 31. - S. 11.
- ↑ Nkhani. Ru: Mzinda wa Galu(osatchulidwa) (cholumikizika chosagwirizana). Yolembedwa pa August 4, 2012.
- Dogs Agalu osowa pokhala adaseseratu nyama zosowa // KP.RU
- Galu wa canine? - Lamulo ndi kumanja, agalu akugwira - Rosbalt-Moscow(osatchulidwa) (cholumikizika chosagwirizana). Tsiku la chithandizo February 28, 2010.Wolemba June 12, 2009.
- Idents Nkhani za MK(osatchulidwa) (ulalo wosapezeka - nkhani ) .
- "Nkhani yolembedwa ndi Natalya Vedeneeva" Deer amakhala ku Elk Island. " Nyuzipepala ya Moskovia, yowonjezera nyuzipepala ya Moskovsky Komsomolets, Juni 10, 2009
Zolemba
- Bobrov V.V.Elk Island // Big Russian Encyclopedia. Mtundu wamagetsi (2017), Tsiku lofika: 12/30/2019
- Bobrov R.V. Zonse zokhudza mapaki amtundu. - M: Achinyamata Olondera, 1987 .-- 224 p. - (Eureka). - 100,000.
- Pavlova T.N. Mapaki achikhalidwe ndi malo opumulira, minda, malo osungirako nkhalango (Losinoostrovsky park park) // Zosangalatsa ku Moscow: Directory. 3 ed. / A.V. Anisimov, A.V. Lebedev, T.N. Pavlova, O.V. Chumakova, Painter I. Kapustyansky, Wolemba zithunzi zamapu A. Lebedev. - M: Wogwira Ntchito ku Moscow, 1989 .-- S. 377. - 384, p. - 100,000. - ISBN 5-239-00189-8.
- Malo osungirako dziko la Russia. Handbook / Ed. I.V. Chebakova. - M: DPC, 1996.
- Kiseleva V.V. Mkhalidwe ndi ntchito za nkhalango za Losiny Ostrov National Park // Mavuto ndi Zolinga zakukulitsa Ntchito Zankhondo M'mayiko Otetezedwa: Msonkhano Wapadziko Lonse wa Sayansi Yothandiza, June 18 - 20, 2013 - Pushkino: VNIILM, 2014. - P. 82-84. - 186 tsa. - ISBN 978-5-94219-195-5.
- Abaturov A.V., Nomad O.V., Yangutov A. I. Zaka 150 zokhala dacha m'nkhalango ya Losinoostrovsky: Kuchokera m'mbiri ya Losiny Ostrov National Park .- M .: Aslan, 1997. - 228 p. - ISBN 5-7756-0035-5
- Merzlenko M.D., Melnik P.G., Sukhorukov A.S. Maulendo opita ku nkhalango ku Elk Island. - M: MGUL, 2008 .-- 128 p.
- Elk Island: Zaka mazana ndi Milestones / Ed. F.N. Voronin, V.V. Kiseleva. - M: T-m'mabuku asayansi a KMK, 2010. - 116 p. - ISBN 978-5-87317-766-0.
- Zotsatira zoyambirira zakufufuza zamakedzana achilumba: Sat. Art. - M: Halk-kusindikiza, 2011 .-- 112 p.
- Ntchito zasayansi za Losiny Ostrov National Park. (patsiku lokumbukira zaka 20 zapitazo bungwe loteteza chilengedwe): Sat Art., Ed. V.V. Kiseleva. - M: "Kruk-Prestige", 2003. - Is. 1 - 224 s. - ISBN 5-901838-19-X.
- Ntchito zasayansi za Losiny Ostrov National Park: Sat. Art., Ed. V.V. Kiseleva. - M .: VNIILM, 2009. - Is. 2. - 194 p.
- Ntchito zasayansi za Losiny Ostrov National Park: Sat. Art., Ed. F.N. Voronin, V.V. Kiseleva. - M.: Nyumba yofalitsa "Gulu la APT la ABT", 2014. - 208 p. - ISBN 978-5-905385-16-2.
Malingaliro
- Wikimedia Commons Media Mafayilo
- Kuwongolera Maulendo ku Wikiguide
- Webusayiti yovomerezeka
- Otetezedwa Mwapadera Madera A zachilengedwe a Russia
- Ministry of Natural Natural and Ecology of the Russian Federation(osatchulidwa) (cholumikizika chosagwirizana). Wolemba pa 2 October, 2009.
- GIS NP "Elk Island"
- Chikhalidwe Padziko Lonse Lachikhalidwe(osatchulidwa) (cholumikizika chosagwirizana). Zosungidwa pa Epulo 13, 2018.
- Blog yosavomerezeka ya Elk Island Park
- "Treasure Island" - kanema wodzipereka wophunzirira zisa zapachilumba
- Kukongola kosasangalatsa
- Elk Island
- Mbawala ya Elk Island yovala “malaya achilimwe”
Kodi paki Elk Island ndiyabwino bwanji
Ma Connoisseurs a nyama zamtchire amapeza mbewu zambiri zosowa munkhalangomo, mutha kupezanso nyama zamitundu yosiyanasiyana pano. Moose Island amadziwika kuti mooses amakhalabe kuno, komwe nthawi zina amapita munjira zonyamula misewu yoyandikana ndi pakiyo.
Zaka makumi awiri zapitazo, mawanga owoneka amawoneka m'malo omwe amapangidwira masewera achisangalalo. Tsopano alowa pansi kwambiri m'chigawo chodulira nkhalangoyi kuti asawonongeke ndi nyama zosafunikirazi ndi akazitape.
Chosangalatsa china chokondedwa kwambiri cha mabanja omwe ali ndi ana ndicho magologolo ophatikiza manja. Mu paki, akuwoneka kuti sangaoneke, saopa anthu, ndipo amatenga mtedza ndi nthangala m'manja mwawo.
Chilumba cha Moose chinasankhidwa ndi okwera njinga. Apa ndiwowuluka - njira zambiri zazikulu ndi zosavuta zimapangitsa kudutsa m'nkhalango popanda zosokoneza.
Mwa njira, chimodzi mwazosangalatsa za pakiyo ndi Pepala la Glade. Idadulidwa munthawi yopangira nkhuni, yomwe imapita kukapanga pepala.
Tsopano ndi msewu wokhazikika bwino kudutsa m'nkhalango kuchokera kumpoto kupita kumwera, komwe nthawi yachilimwe mumatha kukwera njinga kapena skate yonyamula popanda kuwopa kulowa pansi pagalimoto. Kupatula apo, kulowa kwa magalimoto paki kumangokhala kochepa.
Ku Losiny Ostrov pali malo ena osewerera omwe adakongoletsedwa ndi ziwerengero zamatumbo a nyama kuchokera pa nthano zomwe ana amakonda. Mwakuchulukirapo, zithunzi za nyama zosema nkhuni zimapezeka kupaki nthawi zonse, m'malo osayembekezeka: zimayima m'njira, ndipo zina zimatuluka pansi pamtondo. Ana amasangalala kupeza chimbalangondo cha teddy kapena mtengo wopangidwa ndi matabwa pafupi ndi njira.
Usodzi Pachilumba cha Elk
Muli mitsinje ndi dziwe mu paki, koma kupha nsomba kumaloledwa m'malo osankhidwa okha.
"Malo ozizira" - malo omwe asodzi olipira amakhala pa 97 km. MKAD, kunjaku. M'madziwe awiri mutha kugwira udzu wa carp, trout, carp, catfish, tench, pike ndi sturgeon. Zambiri zitha kupezeka pa tsamba lawebusayiti kapena poyimba 7-495-582-1130.
Malo azachilengedwe ndi maulendo
Kumpoto kwa pakiyo (pafupi ndi Prokhodchikov Street) pali kalabu yokomera anthu komwe mungabwereke kavalo ndikudutsa m'nkhalango m'njira zotetezeka. Pafupi ndi Museum of Russian Life, malo osungirako mbalame osowa "mbalame zam'mlengalenga" ndi nyenyezi.
Malo azachilengedwe ndi mbiri yakale ya pakiyo, omwe akuphatikizapo Russian Life, Red Pine, Abramtsevo, Tiyi Party ku Mytishchi, amakonza maulendo omwe angasangalatse ana ndi akulu. Mitu yayikulu ndi mbiri, maphunziro aku Moscow, ecology. Mwachitsanzo, ulendo wa ana wotchedwa "Tale Trail" umachitikira m'malo osangalatsa ngati a Bear Corner, Pine Mane ndi ena. Ana amazolowera zachilengedwe zosiyanasiyana, amaphunzira kumvetsetsa mbalame ndi njira za nyama, samayang'ana zomwe nyama zazing'ono zimachita. Paulendo, mutha kumasuka kumodzi mwa malo opanga zachilengedwe, pomwe nthawi zonse amakhala ndi tiyi kuchokera ku samovar, fotokozerani nkhani zambiri zosangalatsa za kusaka kwa Russia kalelo, zamakina oyambira omwe amapereka ndi ena ambiri.
Amakhulupirira kuti kwinakwake mu paki malo osaka a Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich adataika, kapena m'malo mwake, zomwe zidatsala. Olemba mbiri yakale amati nyumba imatha kukhala ya chikhalidwe komanso mbiri yakale. Palinso mphekesera zoti chuma chimabisidwa mmenemo. Koma zotheka, awa ndi miseche yopanda pake.
Elk Island ndi nkhalango yayikulu yomwe ili ndi mbiri yakale. Munthu wamba sadzakhala ndi zokwanira ngakhale milungu ingapo kuti athe kufufuza gawo lonse la paki. Mlendo aliyense apeza kena komwe amakonda apa. Mbiri ya buffs imatha kupitilira maulendo osangalatsa, othamanga amathamangitsa njinga nthawi yotentha, ndi kusewera nthawi yozizira, ana amasewera ndikuphunzira kuti amvetse bwino ndikuzindikira chilengedwe. Alendo odzaona malo amayenda kuchokera komwe mitsinje yotchuka ku Moscow idachokera. Nthawi iliyonse pachaka ndi bwino kupuma ndi banja lonse.
Momwe mungachotsere metro:
Mutha kufika paki m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Chimodzi mwa izo ndi khomo lochokera mumsewu. Rotherta, St. Kuyendetsa. Masiteshoni oyandikira metro ndi a Medvedkovo ndi Babushkinskaya; mutha kuyendanso kuchokera pa nsanja ya Los pa njanji ya Yaroslavl kapena kuchokera pasiteshoni ya metro.VDNH ndi mabasi No. 172, 136. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchokera ku malo opezeka metro Ulitsa Podbelsky mutha kupita ku gawo lina la paki ndi trams No. 36, 12, 29.
Maulendo
Pa gawo la Elk Island pali malo 8 okonzera zachilengedwe omwe amapanga maulendo atchuthi, ma tchuthi okonzekera (Chaka Chatsopano, Maslenitsa, Kupala, ndi zina), komanso kufunsa zachilengedwe ndi magulu osiyanasiyana apamwamba. Malo ambiri amatsegulidwa tsiku lililonse kuyambira 10:00 mpaka 18:00, nthawi ya maulendo ndi zochitika zapadera ziyenera kufotokozedwa. Mutha kusungitsa maulendo obwereza pafoni: +7 (495) 798-17-09. Mtengo wa kuloleza zimadalira mwambowu ndipo umasiyanasiyana kuchoka ku 70 mpaka 1200 rubles.
Njira Yoyera
Masewera awiri osangalatsa, pomwe otenga nawo mbali angayeserere ngati panjira komanso wochita zachilengedwe pophunzira njira za nyama.
Maulendo owongoleredwa pamagulu amakonzedwa ndi nthawi. Mtengo wa kutenga nawo gawo pamasewera:
- Masabata - ma ruble 850,
- Sabata - 900 rubles.
Kuchulukitsa
Kuthana, komwe amakhala pafupi ndi chiwembu cha jaeger, pokonzekera asanakonzekere kukonzekera maulendo omwe mungakumane ndi kukacheza ndi mphalapakati.
Mphalapala zimakhala mosamala kwambiri, kutchire kumakhala kovuta kukumana naye. Pakumera, nyambo zakutchire zimazolowera anthu, motero zimatha kudyetsedwa ndikukudulidwa.
Ulendo wa ola limodzi ndi theka umachitika tsiku lililonse nthawi ya 10:00, 12:00 komanso 14:00.
- masabata - ma ruble 400.,
- tsiku lopuma - ma ruble 450.
- masabata - 500 ma ruble.,
- tsiku lopuma - ma ruble 550.
Arboretum
Kudera lamalo azachilengedwe amenewa, munthu amatha kudziwa kusiyanasiyana kwa nkhalango zosiyanasiyana za Russia, poganiza zobzala m'minda yofananira.
Akalozera azikamba za kuteteza ndi kubwezeretsa nkhalango, komanso za anthu okhala m'nkhalango za ku Moscow. Pamalo omwe pali ziboliboli za nyama ndi mtundu waukulu wa dzenje loyipa, komwe mungapite.
Malo ojambulidwa ku Elk Island
Malo okhala ndi pikiniki okhala ndi mabenchi, malo odyera ndi zinthu zina zili pagawo la National Park. Mipando iyenera kusungidwa pasadakhale poyimba +7 (495) 798-17-09 kapena patsamba lovomerezeka la Elk Island National Park. Mtengo wobwereka umaphatikizapo nkhuni zamoto ndipo zimatengera mulingo wachitonthozo.
Mtengo wa kubwereka pikiniki, pamunthu aliyense
- wamkulu - ma ruble 100-200 pa ola limodzi,
- ana - ma ruble 70-150 pa ola limodzi.