Thupi la chikalatachi limakhala lokwera, lopakidwa mozungulira, loponderezedwa pambuyo pake. Mtundu wakumbuyo waimvi ndi wamtambo, mbali ndi m'mimba zake ndi zoyera. Zipsepse zamkati ndi ma anal zimakhala zachikasu. Kuchokera muzzle kudzera m'maso mpaka kutsinde la caudal kudutsa mzere wofiirira. Makala pamzere wapaini palibe. M'mphepete mwa nyumbayo pamakhala kiyala imodzi yachikopa. Mutu umakhala wozungulira, wowongoka pang'ono. Pakamwa pa nsomba ndi lalikulu. Maluso oyamba omaliza amakhala ndi cheza chofiyira zisanu chomwe chimalumikizidwa ndi nembanemba. Ziphuphu zachiwiri ndi ma dorsal ndi zazitali. Amakhala ndi cheza chofewa. Makina awiri odulira kutsogolo kwa anal fin mu nsomba zazikulu amakodzana ndi khungu.

Mukasamukira kumpoto, ma chikasu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nsomba za sardine, mackerel ndi anchovy, zomwe zimasakidwa mwachangu. M'dzinja, ndikayamba nyengo yozizira, amasamukira kumwera kupita kumalo achisanu. Zomera mu chirimwe, zopatika padera. Caviar ndi mphutsi ndi pelagic. Imakula mwachangu kwambiri. Anthu ochulukirapo ndi omwe amadyera nsomba. Nsomba zazing'ono zimadalira nsomba zazing'ono ndi plankton.

Mtengo

Yellowtail ndi nsomba yamtengo wapatali yamalonda. Ku Japan, ndi nkhani ya nyama zam'madzi, zopangidwa mwaukadaulo m'malo otetezeka a nyanja. Achijapani amagwiritsa ntchito nsomba za Sushi, sashimi ndi kuphika zakudya zamzitini.

Amayamikiridwa kwambiri muzakudya za ku Japan, komwe zimatchedwa hamachi kapena mikuntho (鰤). Nyama yanthete yachikale kwambiri imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazinthu zokoma kwambiri za sashimi ndi sushi.

Zolemba

1. ↑ 123Reshetnikov Yu.S., Kotlyar A.N., Russian T.S., Shatunovsky M.I. Mtanthauzira wamagulu awiri wa mayina a nyama. Nsomba. Latin, Russian, English, Germany, French. / kusinthidwa ndi Acad. V. E. Sokolova. - M: Rus. Yaz., 1989 .-- S. 259. - 12,500. - ISBN 5-200-00237-0

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Onani zomwe Yellowtail ili mu mabuku otanthauzira ena:

chikasu - noun, nambala yolumikizana: 2 • perch-like (107) • nsomba (773) ASIS Synonyms Dictionary. V.N. Trishin. 2013 ... Mtanthauzira mawu ofanana

chikasu - japoninė seriolė statusas T sritis zoologija | vardynas taksono rangas rūšis atitikmenys: zambiri. Seriola quinqueradiata angl. Ambasser aku Japan amathawa. chikasu-chala, choko-chala lacedra, Japan lacedra ryšiai: platesnis terminas - geltonuodegės ... Žuvų pavadinimų žodynas

meachingan chikasu - meksikinė geltonuodegė statusas T sritis zoologija | vardynas taksono rangas rūšis atitikmenys: zambiri. Seriola Mazatlana Angl. Mazatlan chikasu. mexican yellowtail, peruvian yellowtail ryšiai: platesnis terminas - geltonuodegės ... Žuvų pavadinimų žodynas

peruvian chikasu - meksikinė geltonuodegė statusas T sritis zoologija | vardynas taksono rangas rūšis atitikmenys: zambiri. Seriola Mazatlana Angl. Mazatlan chikasu. mexican yellowtail, peruvian yellowtail ryšiai: platesnis terminas - geltonuodegės ... Žuvų pavadinimų žodynas

californian chikasu - kalindowsinė seriolė statusas T sritis zoologija | vardynas taksono rangas rūšis atitikmenys: zambiri. Seriola lalandi angl. Golide wamtengo wachikaso wamtengo wapatali waku California, wakuwala wachikasu wamtundu wachikasu, wakugolide wagolide wachikaso ... Cape Žuvų pavadinimų žodynas

cuban chikasu - Kubos rabirubija maudindo T sritis zoologija | vardynas taksono rangas rūšis atitikmenys: zambiri. Ocyurus chrysurus angl. chikasu, njoka yamanjano yachikasu. njoka yachikasu, Cuban chikasu-chomera, rabirubia ryšiai: platesnis terminas - ... ... Žuvų pavadinimų žodynas

australia chikasu - australinė geltonuodegė maudindo T sritis zoologija | vardynas taksono rangas rūšis atitikmenys: zambiri. Seriola grandis angl. manfish tailed kingfish, kumpoto kwa kingfish kuthawa. Ryšiai waku Australia wamasamba: ma platesnis terminas - geltonuodegės ... Žuvų pavadinimų žodynas

Stavridovye (Carangidae) - Stavridovye ali ndi zipsepse ziwiri zobiriwira: zoyambirira zonunkhira, zazing'ono, zokhala ndi zowondera kapena zazifupi zazifupi, lachiwiri lotalika. Anal kumapeto. Mitundu ina kuseri kwa mapisi achifwamba ndi ma anal ... ... Biological Encyclopedia

Mazatlan chikasu - meksikinė geltonuodegė statusas T sritis zoologija | vardynas taksono rangas rūšis atitikmenys: zambiri. Seriola Mazatlana Angl. Mazatlan chikasu. mexican yellowtail, peruvian yellowtail ryšiai: platesnis terminas - geltonuodegės ... Žuvų pavadinimų žodynas

Seriola mazatlana - meksikinė geltonuodegė statusas T sritis zoologija | vardynas taksono rangas rūšis atitikmenys: zambiri. Seriola Mazatlana Angl. Mazatlan chikasu. mexican yellowtail, peruvian yellowtail ryšiai: platesnis terminas - geltonuodegės ... Žuvų pavadinimų žodynas

Kufotokozera kwachikasu

Seriola quinqueradiata yemwe amadyetsa kunyanja amawoneka bwino kwambiri ndi anthu ku Japan, pomwe anthu okhala m'madzimo amatchedwa namondwe kapena hamachi. Kutalika kwa nthawi yomwe munthu amakhala ndi chidwi chogonana nthawi zambiri kumakhala mita imodzi ndi theka wokhala ndi thupi lolemera pafupifupi 40 kg. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ichthyologists amakono adalekanitsa chikasu ndi lacedra.

Malinga ndi asayansi, michira ya lacedras ndi michira yachikasu ndi nsomba ziwiri zosiyana. Mchira wachikasu ndi wocheperako kukula, kotero kutalika kwawo sikumaposa mita imodzi ndi kulemera kwa kilogalamu khumi ndi umodzi. Kuphatikiza apo, michira yachikaso imatakata kwambiri, monga mchere wa pinki, ndipo pakamwa pa nsomba yotereyi imasunthidwa mowonekera. Ku lachedra, kamwa imakhala pakatikati, ndipo mzere wa pamphumi umawoneka bwino, chifukwa cha zomwe zimadya.

Ichthyologists amalimbikitsa kuti lacedra imakula mwachangu kwambiri kuposa chikasu, ndipo ndibwino kuti nsomba yotere ikhale yagolide, osati yodetsedwa wachikasu.

Maonekedwe, miyeso

Oimira a Stavridobrazovye, banja la Stavridov ndi mtundu Seriola ali ndi thupi lalitali, looneka ngati thupi lomwe limapanikizika pang'ono pambuyo pake. Pamaso pa thupi paphimbidwa ndi mamba ang'onoang'ono. Pafupi mizere mazana awiri yomwe ili pamzere wotsatira. Nthawi yomweyo, pa mzere wotsatira, zolakwika sizikupezeka. M'mphepete mwa mchira wa zilombo zam'madzi zodziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa keel wachikuda. Mutu wa nsomba Seriola quinqueradiata uli ndi mawonekedwe ofanana komanso owola pang'ono.

Finors oyamba achikasu a chikasu, kapena lacedra yaku Japan, amapatsidwa mphezi zisanu kapena zisanu ndi chimodzi zachidule komanso zolumikizika zolumikizidwa ndi nembanemba yofotokozedwa bwino. Pamaso pa finors yoyamba, pali msana, womwe umatsogozedwa. Gawo lachiwiri la nsomba limachokera ku 29 mpaka 36 mozungulira zofewa. Malonda autali a anal amakhala ndi kukhalapo kwa ma ray atatu olimba ndi ma rage 17-22. Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti mitundu iwiri yoyambirira ya ma spiny akuluakulu Seriola quinqueradiata yakula ndi khungu.

Mtundu wachikasu umakhala ndi mtundu wosangalatsa: Thupi lake limakhala ndi mtundu wa siliva wamtambo wokhala ndi malo amdima akumbuyo ndi ziphuphu zachikaso, komanso laling'ono, koma lowoneka bwino wachikaso limayenderera m'maso mwa nsomba, kuyambira kumanzere mpaka kumayambiriro kwa tsinde la caudal.

Njanji: Kufotokozera

Seriola quinqueradiata ndi nyama yam'madzi yomwe imayang'aniridwa kwambiri ndi anthu a Land of the Rising Sun. Amawatcha nkhwangwa ngati "mkuntho" kapena "hamachi". Kukula kwa anthu azitali kwambiri kumakhala kosangalatsa: kutalika kwa mita imodzi ndi theka, ndi kulemera pafupifupi 40 kg. M'malo mwake, akatswiri amakono amasiyanitsa chikasu ndi lacquer. Amakhulupilira kuti lacedras ndi michira yachikaso ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsomba. Mchira wachikaso umasiyana mosiyanasiyana, chifukwa umakula motalika mpaka mita imodzi, ndipo kulemera kwake kopitilira 10,5 kg. Kuphatikiza apo, chikasu chimakhala ndi pamphumi yokulirapo, ngati salimoni yapinki, ndipo pakamwa pake pamatsika modabwitsa. Ponena za lachedra, kamwa yake imakhala pakati. Komanso, pamphumi siukulu kwambiri. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kadyedwe.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa! Akatswiri amati liredra imakula kwambiri kuposa chikasu. Amakhulupirira kuti nsomba izi zimayenera kutchedwa kuti zagolide, koma osati zomata wachikasu.

Ndani lacedra?

Japan Lacedra ndi nsomba yamadzi ofunda yomwe imabadwira ku East China Sea komanso m'madzi am'mphepete mwa kumpoto kwa chilumba cha Kyushu. Mwachangu yemwe amangidwa kumene ku Lacendra amatchedwa mojako. Pokonzekera kukhala nsomba yayikulu, amapita maulendo angapo kuchokera kunyanja zakum'mwera kupita kumpoto, komwe kuli chakudya chochuluka - ku Hokkaido. Thupi la lachedra lili ndi mawonekedwe okongola okongola, kumbuyo ndikobiriwira, m'mimba ndi zoyera ngati siliva, mzere wachikaso wotambalala kuchokera kumaso kupita kumchira. Kwa zaka 4-5, liredra imakula kukhala nsomba yayikulu yamalonda yopanga masentimita 80.

Kwa zaka 4-5 zosamuka kudutsa Nyanja ya Japan kuchokera kumpoto kupita kumwera, lacedra imasandulika kukhala wamkulu wamkulu woposa 80 cm

Masiku ano, lacedra imakhala makamaka ku Nyanja ya Japan - kuchokera ku dera la Hokuriku kumwera, komabe, mpaka Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, madoko a Pacific Ocean, kuphatikiza Sagami Bay mumzinda wa Odawara (Kanagawa Prefecture) ndi Kumano Bay mumzinda wa Ovase (Mie Prefecture) amatengedwa ngati mecca kwa . Nkhondo itatha, kulera kwa Lakendra wachinyamata kunayambiranso - hamatikuyimitsidwa panthawi yankhondo chifukwa chosowa chakudya, nsomba zosalamulira mwachangu zinayamba, ndipo nsomba zochepa zotsalazo zinaima mpaka kunja kwa mzinda wa Odawara ku mbali ya Pacific.

Lacedra imakula mwachangu, patatha chaka chimodzi thupi lake limafika masentimita 30, pambuyo pa zaka 2 - 50 cm, pambuyo zaka 3 cm 60, pambuyo zaka 4-5 - kuchokera 70 mpaka 80 cm. M'chaka chachitatu cha moyo, imayamba kusuntha kukafunafuna chakudya ndi kutentha madzi (16-17 ℃), nthawi ya kasupe ndi chilimwe imapita kumpoto kudzera m'madzi am'mphepete mwa zisumbu, ndipo nthawi yophukira komanso nthawi yozizira amabwerera kumwera kuti akaponye mazira. Buku la Shogakukan Z WEB, lolemba ndi pulofesa waulemu ku Yunivesite ya Kyoto, Nakabo Tetsuji, likuti a Japan lacedra amakhala m'madzi am'madzi aku Japan. Pamodzi ndi mitundu iwiri ya liredra - kampati ndi hiramasa - Japan lacedra ndi imodzi mw mitundu itatu yabwino yamtundu wake.

Mascot pantchito yopambana

Lachedra waku Japan ali ndi mayina angapo omwe amasiyanasiyana ndi zaka. Pakati pa nthawi ya Sengoku ("Nthawi ya zigawo zankhondo", 1467-1568) ndi nthawi ya Edo (1603-1868), samurai ndi asayansi adachita nawo mwambo wapadera wosintha dzina la mwana kukhala wamkulu pachikondwerero chakubadwa. Oda Nobunaga eyali ayitiddwa Kipposi, era Tokugawa Ieyasu ayitibwa Taketiyo mu buto. Amakhulupirira kuti lacedra, dzina lomwe limasintha kangapo, limabweretsa zabwino pantchitoyo, nthawi zambiri imaphatikizidwa maphwando, kuperekeza anzawo omwe achoka. Kudera lakummawa kwa Japan, Kanto adayamba kutchedwa kuti lacedra. wakashindiye inada, varasa ndi mikuntho, ndi ku Kansai, kumadzulo kwa dzikolo, - Tsubasu, hamati, mejiro ndi mikuntho. Chochititsa chidwi, nsomba yayikulu yayitali masentimita 80 imatchedwa yomweyo kulikonse - mikuntho. Kumadzulo akumadzulo hamati - iyi ndi lidedra yochita kupanga, yosafikira masentimita 50. Kukhalapo kwa maina angapo ndikungopezeka ku Japan, m'maiko ena, mosasamala za msinkhu ndi kukula kwake, nsombayi imadziwika kuti "yellowtail lacedra" (Yellowtail).

Mu nthawi yozizira ku Japan, liredra ili ndi dzina lina - "dzinja" (Mkuntho), malinga ndi nthano, kukoma kwake kumakhala bwino ndi chipale chofewa chilichonse. Nyama zakutchire zomwe zimakhala m'malo ovuta a Nyanja ya Japan ndizodabwitsa kwambiri chifukwa cha zabwino zake. Chikhalidwe cha usodzi lacedra mothandizidwa ndi seine yokhazikika ku Toyama Bay chakhalapo kwa zaka zopitilira 4. Msodzi amapita ku msika wa nsomba ku doko la Khimi, komwe amakagulitsa ngati "brand lachedra Khimi" wachisanu.

Anapanga lacedra kumsika wa nsomba ku doko la Khimi (chithunzi cha oyang'anira alendo amzinda wa Khimi)

Khimi Zima Lacedra mtundu wa Khimi zimatsimikiziridwa ndi Khimi Fish Brand Society. Nsomba zodulidwa kwa nthawi yayitali pogwiritsa ntchito ukonde wokhazikika ku Toyama Bay ziyenera kulemera osachepera 7 kg ndikugulitsidwa pamsika pa doko la Khimi (chithunzi cha oyang'anira mumzinda wa Khimi)

Mu nyuzipepala ya 1916 pamanenedwapo kuti tsiku lina mvula yamkuntho tsiku lililonse ku Khimi idakwaniritsidwa zikwi makumi 50. Nkhanizi zinatsagana ndi kufotokoza kwa ndakatulo - m'mwamba mabingu anali kugunda pa ngoma, chimphepo chamkuntho chikuwomba m'mapiri, ndipo lidedra idalowa munyanja. Amakhulupirira kuti asodzi anali ndi ngongole yayikulu pakubwera kwa mvula yamabingu, yomwe inadzutsanso anthu omwe anali m'tulo. Nsomba zodzuka, kuyesa kupewa bingu, zinayamba kufunafuna chipulumutso munyumba yachilengedwe - dziwe, ndipo zinagwera mu ukonde wokhazikika. Masiku ano, mvula yamkuntho yozizira ku Toyama Bay imadziwikanso kuti "yambitsa Lacedra." Nyama yokhazikika ndi mafuta ndichakudya chachikulu.

Moyo, machitidwe

Khalidwe la lachedra wachikasu wachikasu ndikutikumbutsa kufunika kwa mullet. Mtunduwu umasiyanitsidwa ndikuwona kuti umatha kuyenda mwachangu komanso mwachangu mu khola lamadzi chifukwa cha mawonekedwe owoneka ngati thupi la torpedo. Kupezeka kwa chikhodzodzo kumapangitsa kuti nsombayo imve bwino m'maso osiyanasiyana.

Potsatira kusuntha kwakuthupi kwachilengedwe, nsomba zimakonda kuyenda pafupi ndi nsomba za sardine, anchovies ndi ma mackerel, omwe ndi chakudya cha nyama yomwe imadya. Ndi nyengo yozizira, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yophukira, anthu achikulire a lachedra achikasu achikasu amayandikira pafupi ndi madera akumwera kumadzi, komwe nthawi yachisanu amalizira.

Lacedra imasiyananso ndi chikasu chifukwa michira yachikasu imasamuka kuchokera kumadzi ofunda kupita kumadzi ozizira nthawi yachilimwe, yomwe imayamba kuyambira Julayi mpaka Okutobala, ndipo imatha kufikira Sakhalin ndi Primorye. Munthawi imeneyi, michira yachikasu imadyetsa, kudyetsa michere.

Zokoma za Chaka Chatsopano

M'mbuyomu, ku Japan, anthu sanali kukalamba patsiku lawo lobadwa, koma pa Chaka Chatsopano. Patebulo la chikondwerero, ikani chofufumitsa chotchedwa "nsomba zokulira" (Tositoridzakan), komwe kumadzulo kwa dzikolo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito lachedra, komanso kum'mawa - nsomba. Zakudya za Chaka Chatsopanozi ndizodziwika bwino masiku ano.

Ophunzira ena amakhulupirira kuti malire pakati pa zigawo amayenda molumikizana ndi Itoigawa-Shizuoka cholakwika chachikulu chodutsa chisumbu cha Japan kuchokera kumpoto kupita kumwera. Kumpoto (kum'mawa kwa dzikolo), nsomba zimakonda, kumwera (kumadzulo) - lakedra. Ku Toyama Prefecture, yomwe ili ndi nsomba zambiri zam'madzi am'madzi, nsomba zamchere zinkasungidwa kuti zizisungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo zimatumizidwa kumadera akutali monga Hida (Takayama) ndi Matsumoto (Shinshu). Misewu yonyamula misewu ya nsomba imatchedwa "njira za lachedra" (mkuntho kaido).

Mwambo wogwiritsa ntchito lacquer mu mphatso za Chaka Chatsopanoo-seibo»Komanso adapulumuka mpaka nthawi yathu. M'madera a m'mphepete mwa Toyama ndi Ishikawa, banja lomwe linakwatirana ndi mwana wamkazi limatumiza zithandizire kumapeto kwa chaka, kuti akufuna mwamuna wake azichita bwino komanso mwana wake wamkazi kuti akhale mkazi wabwino. Mu Boma la Fukuoka, kumbali inayi, makolo a mkwatiyo amapatsa makolo a mkwatibwi nsalu.

Mu Kamo Shinto Shrine ku Izumi (Toyama Prefecture), lacedra yamchereyi imayikidwa patsogolo pa guwa ngati chopereka, kenako pamwambo wapadera amaduladulidwa ndikugawika kumpingo. Iye amene adadya nsomba yomwe amathandizira milungu amachotsa matenda ndi zovuta. Kachisiyu nthawi ina ankatsogozedwa ndi Shinto temple ya Shimokamo ku Kyoto.

Pali zikondwerero zambiri zokhudzana ndi lachedra. Mu malo ophunzitsira a Shinto a Saga (mzinda wa Saga), komanso m'mizinda ya Ovase (Mie Prefecture) ndi Joetsu (dera la Niigata), tchuthi cha lacedra chimachitika, omwe amatenga nawo mbali popemphera kuti apeze olemera.

Malo okhala zachilengedwe

Oimira genus "Seriola" makamaka amakhala m'madzi apakati komanso kumadzulo kwa Pacific. Amakhulupirira kuti lacedra ndi nthumwi ya madzi aku East Asia, ndipo chikasu ndi nthumwi za madzi akumalire ndi Korea ndi Japan. Ndi kuyamba kwa chilimwe, liredra wamkulu amayamba kuwonekera m'mphepete mwa Russia. Pamenepa, mtunduwu umapezeka mu Primorsky Territory, komanso kugombe la Sakhalin. Zambiri za nsomba zamtengo wapatalizi zimagawidwa m'mphepete mwa nyanja yam'mphepete mwa Taiwan komanso njira yonse mpaka ku South Kuril Islands.

Zakudya zam'madzi

Maziko azakudya za achikulire a chikasu ndi nsomba, chifukwa chake mtunduwu umadziwika kuti ndiwopeza. Ngakhale anthu omwe sanakwanitse kukhwima amadya nsomba zazing'ono, komanso zooplankton. Amphaka amtundu wamtchire amasaka m'matumba, amatola nsomba mu "cauldron" wotchedwa. Zakudya izi zikuphatikiza mitundu isodzi ya nsomba:

• Sardinella
• Sardinops.
• Sardines.
• Anchov.
• Toothy Hering.
• Ulusi wamaluwa.
• Dobar.

Nsomba zikamakula muzochita zovomerezeka, zimadyedwa ndi nyama yoboola, yomwe mitundu yake ndi yamtengo wapatali. Nthawi zambiri chakudya chapadera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kutengera nsomba. Amakhulupirira kuti ngakhale chakudya chotere sichabwino, kotero nyama ya nsomba ngati imeneyi siikhala yathanzi komanso yokoma. Ngakhale izi, nsomba zomwe zidalimidwa munjira zosafunikira ndizosafunanso kwenikweni pamsika wapadziko lonse.

Chofunikira! Pamene lachedra akusaka, anchovies, hering'i kapena sardine mwachisawawa amatuluka m'madzi. Madziwo akuwoneka kuti akuwoneka, akufanana ndi kolifulawa wowoneka bwino.

Kubala ndi kubereka

Izi nsombazi zimafika pachaka zikakhala zokonzeka kuyikira mazira patatha chaka ndi theka la moyo. Njira yobereka imasiyana m'njira zina. Monga lamulo, njirayi palokha imatenga nthawi yayitali ndikuyamba kwa miyezi ingapo. Uwu ndi mtundu wa nsomba zamtundu wa thermophilic, chifukwa chake kuwaza kumachitika kokha munthawi yotentha, pomwe nyengo yotentha kwambiri, yomwe imalola mwachangu kubadwa munthawi yake.

Pambuyo pobadwa, mwachangu amayamba kukhala m'mphepete mwa madzi, omwe amalumikizidwa ndi mawonekedwe amtunduwu. Anthu omwe akukula amadya kaye pa zooplankton, kenako nkuyamba kusaka anchovies, mackerels, herring, etc. M'mawonekedwe, mwachangu a lacedra wachikasu-achikasu ndi chithunzi cha akulu, koma mawonekedwe ochepetsedwa. Mosasamala kanthu kuti ndi malo achibadwa kapena achilengedwe, mwachangu lachedra amakula ndikukula msanga.

Anthu akakula m'malo ochita kupanga, kale pofika chaka ndizotheka kupeza kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kulemera kwa thupi, komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wopanga phindu. Anthu omwe amakula ndikukula m'malo achilengedwe amatengedwa ngati wopambana pokhapokha zaka ziwiri za moyo, kapena kupitilira apo. Lacedra wokonda chikasu wokonda kutentha amadziwika kwambiri ku Japan motero amakhala ndi zinthu zodabwitsa kwambiri. Kwa nthawi yayitali amakhulupirira kuti nsomba izi zimatha kubweretsa zabwino kwa munthu.

Chosangalatsa kudziwa! Kupanga nsomba kwakapangidwe kumalumikizidwa ndikuti nsomba zamadzimadzi zimasanjidwa ndi zaka ndikubzala mosiyana kosiyanasiyana zopangidwa ndi nayiloni kapena nayiloni. Izi zimalepheretsa kuukiridwa kwa mwachangu mwachangu kwa ofooka. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikosavuta kuthana ndi mavuto chifukwa chosowa mpweya.

Adani achilengedwe

Ngakhale kuti lacedra yokhala ndi chikasu ndi nsomba yolusa, ilinso ndi adani ochulukirapo omwe amatha kusambira mwachangu, akugwira ndi lidedra. Ndipo komabe, mdani wamkulu (ndipo izi sizosadabwitsa) ndi munthu amene amagwira nsomba mwachangu kwambiri. Izi makamaka chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kwapadera.

Ku South Korea, ayamba kugwira nsomba mwachangu mwezi wa Seputembala ndipo akupitilirabe mpaka chakumayambiriro kwa Disembala. Pambuyo pa izi, yopuma imapangidwa mpaka mwezi wa February, pomwe kusaka kwa lacedra kumayambiranso mpaka kumapeto kwa Meyi. Izi nsomba zimakonda kukhala mozama kuchokera pa 40 mpaka 150 metres ndipo zimagwidwa moyenera pa oyendetsa ndege, komanso pazowonda pakubaya. Kuti mugwire chikasu, malingaliro ambiri safunikira, kotero, ngakhale anthu osadziwa zambiri, omwe amatha kudziwa zinthu zambiri, amatha kugwira anthu olemera mpaka 10 kg.

Nsomba zikasungidwa m'malo ochita kupanga, anthu ambiri amafa ndi majeremusi ndi matenda, omwe mitundu yonse ya "seriol" imavutika. Choopsa chachikulu ndi nthenda yayikulu kwambiri yochokera ku bakiteriya, monga vibriosis, yodziwika ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi kolera.

Mtengo wosodza

Lacedra-yokhala ndi michira yoyera imadziwika kuti ndi nsomba yamtengo wapatali yamalonda. Nsomba ndizomwe zimayamikiridwa makamaka ndi Ajapani, chifukwa chake ndizofunikira kwambiri pakusodza. Kuphatikiza apo, nsomba zimalimidwa m'malo opanga ma famu osiyanasiyana kapena m'malo a madzi achilengedwe, koma ndizotsekeredwa.

Nthawi zambiri, nsomba zimagwidwa m'miyezi yozizira pomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo. Nyama zamtchire zimakhala ndi nyama yowonda ndi fungo labwino. Nthawi yomweyo, nyama sataya mikhalidwe yake pakuphika kulikonse.

Nyama imawerengedwa ngati chakudya chenicheni, pomwe imakhala yofiyira, ndipo imakoma ngati nyama ya tuna. Nyama ya nsomba imakhala ndi mulu wonse wazakudya zopatsa thanzi monga mchere ndi mavitamini. Chifukwa chophikira, nyama ya lachedra imawala, koma osataya mikhalidwe yake yayikulu. Sushi ndi sashimi amakonzedwa kuchokera ku nyama yaiwisi ya nsomba iyi. M'malo mwake, pali maphikidwe ambiri ophika kachikaso, koma njira zodziwika kwambiri kuphika ndikuphika.

Nsomba zamtchire: kufotokoza, kukonzekera, kapangidwe, phindu ndi zopweteka

Yellowtail (Japan Lacedra, Yellowtail Lacedra) (lat. Seriola quinqueradiata) - nsomba zam'madzi za m'madzi za banja la Stavridovye. Amakhala nthawi yayitali kwambiri pamoyo wake wamadzi (mitundu ya pelagic). Imakhala munyanja pagombe la East Asia (Japan ndi Korea, makamaka ku Nyanja ya Japan), koma nthawi yotentha imapezeka kugombe la Russia Far East, kuphatikiza Sakhalin.

Lacedra

Nsomba imodzi yosangalatsa imakhala m'madzi athu. Adayimbira chikasuiye phokoso kapena lachedra wachikasuZomwe zimamvekera nthawi zambiri zimangotcha lacedrod.

01. Lacedra (lat. Seriola quinqueradiata) - nsomba zam'madzi zam'madzi zam'banja lakhazikika (Carangidae), womwe ndi nsomba zamitundu yamtengo wapatali zamalonda. Lacedra ndi gulu la nsomba za pelagic, zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri m'madzi otseguka komanso a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Pacific komanso kumadzulo. Malo omwe amakhala ndi madzi aku East Asia, kuphatikiza madzi amphepete mwa nyanja kuchokera ku Taiwan, Japan ndi Korea kupita ku Primorye, Sakhalin ndi zilumba zakumwera kwa Kuril. Imafika kutalika kwa 1.5 m ndikulemera 40 kg. Imafika m'madzi athu mu Julayi ndipo imagwidwa mpaka pakati pa Ogasiti.

02. Nyama yachikasu ya njuchi imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazakudya zabwino kwambiri zopanga sashimi ndi sushi. Kuphatikiza apo, nyamayi ndiwaphindu kwambiri komanso yothandiza, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Japan ndi ku Korea kuphika zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Ndipo lacedra imatha kukhala chinthu chachilengedwe cham'madzi ku Japan ndipo imawombedwa mwachangu. Komabe, lacedra wamtchire ndi nsomba zam'madzi zabwino komanso zopatsa thanzi.

Nyama ya lacedra ndi yofewa, yamafuta pang'ono, ofiira. Pa chithandizo cha kutentha, imawala, koma nthawi zambiri, monga ku Japan, ambiri oyang'anira amawagwiritsa ntchito mwanjira imeneyi, "amoyo." Ndizokoma makamaka pamtundu wake waiwisi ndi mandimu.

03. Osati kale kwambiri pomwe ndidazindikira kuti timagulitsa lacedros ngakhale m'masitolo, koma pamtengo wamtchire.

Pamitengo yazithunzi za 2014. Tsopano (akuti) mtengo wamtengo ndiwokwera kwambiri, koma kwa nthawi yayitali sindinawone lacedra ikugulitsidwa. Mwina chifukwa choti sindimakonda kupita kumisika yama nsomba.

04. Lacedra ndi malo osangalatsa osangalatsa. Ngakhale pagulu lanyumba, mawu akuti "watsopano" adawonekera "podzikongoletsa", i.e. kusaka lacedra.

05. Nthawi zambiri, malalanje amakhudzidwa ndi njira yopondaponda, koma posachedwa atero, ayamba kugwiritsa ntchito sipikitoni yokhala ndi zozungulira (zosaya kapena zozama), ndodo, woyendetsa (pilker) posodza "pakuponya" kapena jig-octopus (jig- mutu wokhala ndi nyambo mu mawonekedwe a octopus yaying'ono, i.e. squid kapena octopus).

06. Ndodo yosangalala.

07. Kulemera 10,900 kg. Kutalika pafupifupi mita.

10. Tsoka ilo, lacedra siliyandikira gombe. Kuti mugwire, muyenera kupitanso kunyanja.

11. M'mawa kusanachitike komanso kutacha kwambiri (maora 1-2) ma "rubs" a lachedra pafupi ndi zisumbu, pamatumba okhala ndi mafunde ndi mapala. Pakadali pano, samakonda kupanga ma boiler, kufunafuna chakudya pafupi ndi gombe.

12. Koma kupita kunyanja ndikofunika.

13. Omwe ena anganene molakwika kuti amati lfishra ndi nsomba zam'madzi, koma kuchokera pa lingaliro la ichthyology izi sizowona, chifukwa Lacedra ndi wa banja la stavrid (Carangidae), ndi tuna kuchokera ku banja la mackerel (Scombridae).

14. Koma lingaliro lolakwika ili silimasokoneza kusangalala ndi kupha nsomba ndi zamkati zokoma za lacedra.

Makhalidwe achikasu

Mtundu wamtchire umatsogolera moyo wopatsa chidwi. Panthawi yosamukasamuka kwakanthawi, nthawi zambiri pamakhala mahatchi a anchovy, sardine ndi mackerel, omwe amakhala chakudya chake.

Pakazizira nyengo yophukira, imasamukira kumwera, komwe imakhala nthawi yozizira.

Zimamera mchilimwe m'magawo angapo. Caviar ndi mphutsi zomwe zimapezeka mgulu la madzi.

Chikalachi chimakula mwachangu, chifukwa chimatsogolera moyo wachiwerewere. Nsomba zazing'ono zimadalira nsomba zazing'ono ndi plankton.

Kusankha kwakukulu kwa maphikidwe

Lacedra yaku Japan imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana. Imadyedwa yaiwisi - sushi ndi sashimi, yokazinga ndi msuzi teriyaki kapena ndi mchere, daikon amaphika ndi radish. Zosasinthika pakutchuka ndi sashimi kuchokera ku lacedra yozizira ndi mafuta, komanso mbale mkuntho shabunsomba zikawonda m'madzi otentha, ndikuchotsa mafuta ochulukirapo, kenako ndikudya ndi msuzi wowawasa wa ponzu. M'nyengo yotentha mkuntho shabu Idyani ozizira.

Yophika Lacedra ndi daikon radish

The lidedra yachinyamata yomwe idadziwika ku Japan dzina lake inada ndi varasaIli ndi kukoma konsekonse komanso nyama yopanda tanthauzo. Imakonzedwa ndi zonunkhira ndi mafuta a maolivi, kugwiritsa ntchito ng'ombe carpaccio ndikuwotcheredwa ndi masamba mu batala, komanso imagwiritsidwa ntchito muzakudya zina za zakudya zaku Italy ndi ku France.

Lacquer yaku Japan imakhala ndi mafuta achilengedwe ambiri osapangidwa m'thupi la munthu - docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) komanso eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), komanso vitamini-osungunuka wamafuta E. Kudya lachedra kungachepetse kuchuluka kwa mafuta osalowerera komanso cholesterol "yoyipa" (LDL) , kupereka kupewa kwa arteriosulinosis ndi matenda oopsa. Lacedra ili ndi mavitamini B ambiri, mavitamini D, omwe amathandiza kuyamwa calcium, yomwe imafunika popewa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, komanso taurine, yomwe imapangitsa bwino ntchito ya chiwindi.

Zima Lacedra Sashimi

Kuphika kachikaso

Izi ndi imodzi mwazamalonda zamtengo wapatali. Ku Japan, imagawidwa mwapadera mu nyama zam'madzi, zomwe zigawo zina za nyanja zimatsekedwa mwapadera. Achijapanizi amagwiritsa ntchito chikasu kupanga sushi, sashimi ndi zakudya zamzitini.

Ku Japan, chikasu chimatchedwa nsomba yamtengo wapatali kwambiri. Izi sizongochitika zokha, chifukwa nyama yake ndi yokoma kwambiri, yowutsa mudyo komanso yofatsa. Kumeneko amakonzera chakudya chamayiko, chomwe chimatchedwa hamati kapena mikuntho.

Kuti muchotse zinthu zofunikira kwambiri kuchokera ku lachedra, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muziphika zophika kapena mu uvuni. Asanaphike nsomba, amawaza m'matumbo, kutsukidwa bwino, kuwonjezeredwa, ndi kuwaza ndi tsabola mbali zonse ndikuyika mwanjira yamafuta (makamaka azitona). Pambuyo pake, amapaka kuwaza ndi basil wosenda, kutsanulira kirimu wowawasa kapena zonona mafuta, kenako kuwaza ndi tchizi chophika.

Kutentha kwa 220 ° C, nsomba imaphikidwa kwa mphindi 15-20.

Monga njira - lakedra mu amamenya, yomwe inakonzedwa kuchokera ku tchizi ndi sesame.

Zachidziwikire, kuchokera ku chikasu mumatha kuphika khutu kapena msuzi wina wa nsomba. Palibe kusiyana pakuphika nsomba zamasiku onse pano.

Ma chikasu amatha kupita kukakonza saladi, kuphatikizapo nsomba zam'madzi, zimatha kukazinga, kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kudzazidwa kwa ma pie (kulebaki ndi asodzi a nsomba), ndi zina zambiri.

Habitat, malo okhala

Oimira mtundu wa Seriola quinqueradiata amakhala makamaka pakati komanso kumadzulo kwa Pacific Ocean. Kwachilengedwe, lacedra ndi nsomba yaku East Asia, ndipo michira yachikasu imapezeka m'madzi a Korea ndi Japan. Nthawi yomweyo, nyengo yotentha, ma lachala akuluakulu nthawi zambiri amakhala akusambira kuchokera kumadzi aku Japan kupita kudera la Russia, chifukwa chake amapezeka mu Primorsky Territory, komanso m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Sakhalin. Nsomba zambiri zam'madzi zomwe zimakonda kutentha zimapezeka m'madzi am'mphepete mwa nyanja kuchokera ku Taiwan kupita ku zilumba zakumwera kwa Kuril.

Ulimi wa nsomba ndiye gwero la nyengo zatsopano za lacedra zokoma

Kuphatikiza kwa nsomba ku Japan pang'onopang'ono kukuyamba kutchuka, ndipo gawo lamagulu ogwidwa omwe ali mu ukapolo limafika pafupifupi 60%. Mu 1928, mtundu woyamba padziko lonse hamati idayesedwa pamsika, ndipo ngakhale kuyimitsidwa kwakanthawi kwa zinthu kumadzulo kwa Japan, kukukulira lero. Pambuyo pake, chifukwa cha zotheka monga kusamutsidwa kwa zipatso zamasiku ochepa a lachedra kuchokera kumapeto kwa nyengo yophukira kwa chaka cham'mbuyomu (bungwe lofufuza zamtundu wa FRA, Nagasaki), ulimi wa nsomba watenga maziko odalirika aukadaulo ku Japan.

Kurose Suisan, wogwirizira wa NISSUI 100% ku Kushima City (Kagoshima Preformure), wapanga ukadaulo wofufuta mwachangu wa mazira ochokera ku mazira omwe amapezeka kuchokera kwa anthu athanzi, kuthetsa kufunika kokagwira mwachangu kuchokera ku nazale. Kubwezeretsedwako kwa madeti omwe anali atakhazikitsidwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yapitayo kunapangitsa kuti zitheke kupanga lachedra ndi mafuta chilimwe. Zakudya zatsopanozi zidagulitsidwa mu June 2009. Pofika kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2016, kugulitsa "super-lachedra" kuyambika, kupanga komwe kunapangidwa chifukwa cha mgwirizano wa makampani awiri asodzi omwe ali pa Goto archipelago (Pulogalamu ya Kagoshima) - Hashiguchi Suisan ndi Hosei Suisan, wopanga chakudya Apro Japan (Osaka).

Kugwira Autumn Super-Lacedra (chithunzi mwachilolezo cha Hashiguchi Suisan)

Zakudya zachikasu

Anthu akuluakulu a Seriola quinqueradiata ndi nyama monga nsomba zomwe zimakonda kudya nsomba. Ana ocheperako achikasu okhala ndi timiyala tating'ono timadyera tating'ono tating'ono, komanso wamba plankton. Nsomba zodya zam'madzi zimasakidwa ndi njira yochizira, pomwe gulu la michira yachikaso imazungulira nyama yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito ndikuwapanikiza kukhala mphete. Nthawi yomweyo, chakudya chochuluka cha oimira banja la Carangidae chimaphatikizapo:

• sardinella
• oyimba,
• sardine
• anchov
• Toothy hering
• mmbulu wamphongo
• zabwino.

Akapolo omwe adakulidwa muukapolo amadyera nyama yoboola yopangidwa kuchokera ku nsomba zamtengo wapatali zingapo. Nthawi zina pazifukwa izi chakudya chapadera, chomwe chimapangidwa pamaziko a chakudya cham'madzi, chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndizofunikira chifukwa chakudya chochepa kwambiri kotero kuti nyama yodziwika bwino yosakhala yokhala ndi thanzi komanso yosakoma, koma anthu "obiriwira" omwe ndi amtengo wapatali m'misika yakunyumba ndi yakunja.

M'malo osakira nyanjayi ndi malo osakira nyanjayi, mutha kuwona ma anchovie, hering'oma ndi sardine akudumphira mwamantha kuchokera m'madzi. Nthawi yomweyo, madziwo amatentha, akufanana ndi kolifulawa wowoneka.

Nsomba Monga Chuma Cha Dziko Lonse

Mzinda waukulu kwambiri ku Japan ndi Tokyo, ndi malo omwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito nsomba za nsomba, ndipo pochita izi, anthu ambiri okhala likulu amakonda nsomba zofiira pakudya. Pakutha kwa chaka cha 2016, chifukwa cha kukolola moipa kwa nsomba za m'dzinja, kuchotsedwako kunayenera kubwezeredwa mwakutayika kwa katundu wa matani 230,000. Kuchuluka kwa lidedra yochita kupanga kwakula mpaka matani 140,000 (kupanga liredra wamtchire ndi matani 105,000), koma ziwerengerozi sizingafanane ndi kuchuluka kwa nsomba zomwe zinaitanitsidwa. Zida zothandizira kupatsira lacedra zilipo - zingafunike. Titha kunena kuti tsogolo la nsomba zakomweko, lacedra yaku Japan, zimangotengera kuchuluka kwa kufunika.

Kuchokera pamenepa, Olimpiki ya Tokyo 2020 yomwe ikubwera ikhoza kukhala mwayi wabwino. Ngati lacedra yaku Japan imapezeka m'madzi aku Japan kokha, itha kupatsidwa "nsomba zamtundu". Izi zidzakopa chidwi cha alendo akunja, kuwapangitsa kuti ayese nsomba nthawi yomwe akukhala ku Japan, ndikubwerera kudziko lawo kukauza ena za zakudya zaku Japan.

Mtolankhani komanso wolembalemba wa ku Japan: Nagasawa Takaaki
Zojambula: Izuka Tsuyoshi

Chithunzi cha mutu: Zima Lacedra Sashimi

(Nkhani yaku Japan idatulutsidwa pa febulo 7, 2018)

Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu

Chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri cha nsomba zomwe zimakonda kutentha zomwe zimatchedwa yellowtail pakadali pano zili pagombe la Japan ndi Korea. Malinga ndi akatswiri, ngakhale akugwira moyenera, komanso ali ndi malonda kwambiri, mpaka pano, nthumwi za banja lalikulu la Stavridovye (Carangidae), dongosolo la Stavridovye ndi mtundu Seriola siziwopseza kutha konse.

Kuphika Hamachi Nigiri

Zakudya zamtunduwu zachi Japan zimatha kukonzedwa palokha, koma pokhapokha nsomba zikakhala zatsopano komanso zathanzi panthawi yogwidwa (osavomerezeka ndi majeremusi).

Kuti muziphika, mumafunika mpunga wokakamira, wofanana ndi womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa Sushi.

Zovala zazikasu zimadulidwa mutizidutswa tating'ono, timayambitsa mpunga wa wasabi, wofinyidwa pang'ono kuti upatse mawonekedwe. Zachitika!

Soya ndi msuzi wabwino, ndipo ginger wodula bwino ndiye zokometsera zabwino koposa.

Kuphatikizika Kwachikasu (pa 100 g)

Zabwino Pamiyala Yachira

Mtengo wamtchire umapatsa thanzi kwambiri, chifukwa ma calorie omwe amakhala ndi mafuta komanso okhutira ndi apamwamba kuposa nyama zambiri. Komabe, nsomba iyi imatha kuonedwa ngati yodya chifukwa ili ndi mafuta ochepa kwambiri. Zachidziwikire, kuchepa thupi pa chikanjachi sikungathandize, koma mwa kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kuti mukhale wathanzi. Kuphatikiza apo, kuphatikiza kwa chikalacho kumakhala ndi Omega-3 (mafuta acids) ambiri, omwe amathandiza kwambiri pa mtima

Kuphatikizika kwa nsomba kumakhala ndi mitundu yayikulu-zazikulu ndi yaying'ono. Monga nsomba ziyenera kukhalira, chikasu chimakhala ndi calcium yambiri ndi phosphorous, zomwe ndizofunikira kuti mafupa ndi mano azikhala athanzi.

Chikasu chimakhala choyenera mogwirizana ndi potaziyamu ndi sodium, kotero kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake sikungapangitse kukulira kwa edema, m'malo mwake, imaloleza kuchotsa madzi owonjezera m'thupi. Mwachilengedwe, malingaliro awa azikhala othandiza kokha kwa nsomba zopanda mafuta.

Nyama yamtundu wamtchire imakhala ndi mavitamini ambiri, makamaka gulu B ndi vitamini PP.