Mukayang'ana pa constituor ya boa, mawonekedwe amadzuka, chifukwa mawonekedwe ake otsitsimula, okhathamira, amtunduwu amathandizika komanso amasangalatsa maso. Pamagalimoto ambiri galu wokhala ndi mutu wa galu - kungopeza, pafupifupi aliyense wa iwo amalota kukhala ndi wozungulirapo woyerekeza zosunga zake. Tiyeni tiwone zonse zofunikira pamoyo wamtunduwu, kuyambira kuchokera kunja ndikumaliza ndi momwe nzika zake ziliri.

Kufotokozera kwa Galu Mutu Boa

Corallus caninus - dzina lachi Latin lodzitchinjiriza kuchokera ku mtundu wa boas woonda wamiyendo, lomwe ndi gawo la banja la pseudopods (Boidae). Mitundu yamakono Corallus imakhala ndi mitundu itatu ya mitundu, umodzi womwe umakhala ndi mitu yokhala ndi agalu a Corallus caninus ndi C. batesii. Yoyamba mu 1758 idafotokozedwa ndikudziwonetsa kudziko lapansi ndi Karl Linnaeus. Pambuyo pake, chifukwa cha kukongola kwa matanthwe atsopano, nyamazo zidapatsidwa mtundu wa Corallus, ndikuwonjezera adjito "caninus" (canine), poganizira mawonekedwe a mutu wa njokayo ndi mano ake aatali.

Mawonekedwe

Woyang'anira mitu, ngati nthumwi zina zamtunduwu, amakhala ndi mutu waukulu, wowungika pang'ono pambuyo pake, thunthu ndi mutu waukulu wokhala ndi maso ozungulira, komwe ana owonekera mowonekera.

Zofunika. Minofu imakhala yolimba kwambiri, yomwe imalongosoleredwa ndi njira yakuphera munthu womenyedwayo - chingwe chimamuvuta, ndikufinya mwamphamvu.

Zosefera zonsezo zinangokhala zotumphukira ndi miyendo yakumbuyo ngati ziguduli zozungulira m'mbali mwa anus, pomwe njoka zidatchedwa. Komanso, ma pseudopods amawonetsa kuzungulira kwa mafupa / m'chiuno patatu ndipo pali mapapu, pomwe kumanja nthawi zambiri kumakhala kutalika kuposa kumanzere.

Nsagwada zonse zimakhala ndi mano olimba, okuthwa kumbuyo omwe amakula palatine ndi mafupa a pterygoid. Nsagwada ya kumtunda ndi yam'manja, ndipo mano ake akuluakulu amatuluka m'njira yoti amatha kugwira zolimba, ngakhale zokutidwa ndi nthenga.

Woyang'anira wa galu wokhala ndi mutu samakhala wobiriwira nthawi zonse, pamakhala anthu amdima kapena opepuka, nthawi zambiri mtundu wa masikelo amakhala pafupi ndi maolivi. Kutchire, utoto uli ndi ntchito yolankhula, yomwe singapewe kusaka nyama yobisalira.

Kapangidwe ka "udzu" kanyumbako kamadzinjiritsidwa ndi mawanga oyera oyera, koma osati ndi lingwe loyera paphiri, monga mu C. batesii. Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu yokhudzana ndi mitunduyi imasiyana pakakulidwe kwamiyeso pamutu (ndi yayikulu mu Corallus caninus) ndi mawonekedwe a muzzle (mu C. caninus imakhala yofiyira pang'ono).

Njoka zina zimakhala zoyera kwambiri, pomwe zina ndi zopanda banga (izi ndizosowa komanso zodula) kapena kuwonetsa mawanga am'mbuyo. Anthu apadera kwambiri amawonetsa kuphatikiza kwa zidutswa zakuda ndi zoyera. Mimba ya boya yokhala ndi galu imapakidwa utoto wosinthira kuchokera pa yoyera kupita pa chikaso chopepuka. Boas obadwa kumene ndi ofiira ofiira kapena ofiira owala.

KHALIDWE

Re: Amazonia Galu Wotsogolera Boa (Corallus batesii, ex. Corallus caninus) Buku Lotsogola

Uthenga Elena »Aprili 20, 2011 1: 31 am

Amodzi a mimbulu ya Amazon ndi omwe amakonda kwambiri kubera. Izi ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali yachilengedwe, ndipo ngati ikusungidwa molondola, imatha kukhala mphotho yeniyeni kwa eni ake.
Nyama izi sizilekerera zolakwika za obereketsa, ndipo kugula kwawo sikuyenera kukhala kokakamiza - kokha woganiza bwino, wogula.

Zomwe zili pansipa ndi chidule cha zomwe zidachitika zaka zambiri za kusungidwa bwino ndi kuwerengera kwamabwato opangidwa ndi agalu a Amazonia a Amazon Basins, LLC (www.amazonbasins.com).

Koma wosonkhetsa amayenerabe kupitiliza kuyesa ndikusanthula mosamala momwe malo ophunzitsidwa ndi agalu a ku Amazon amasungidwira kuti athe kudziwa bwino zomwe zili zabwino kwa nyamayo.

Mfundo yomwe ikuwongolera pamenepa ndikuwonetsetsa kuti nyamazo zimawunikira, zochita zawo, machitidwe awo, momwe amachitiridwira zochitika zosiyanasiyana. Kusamalidwa koyenera kwa chonde chilichonse kumadalira pakusintha kwachikhalidwe chawo malinga ndi zosowa za nyama, pamene zimakula ndikukula.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti gulu lotetezedwa ndi agalu agwiritsidwe ntchito (komanso zenizeni zina) ndikupereka malo osasunthika, aukhondo a nyama. Maonekedwe okongola komanso kusamalidwa bwino ndizofunikira kwambiri kuposa thanzi la chiweto.

Tikukhulupirira kuti kuchepetsa kapena kuthetsa nkhawa ndi njira yofunikira kwambiri pakukonzekera bwino komanso kubereka mu ukapolo wa mitu yokhala agalu. Kupsinjika kumatha kuyambitsa kupatuka panjira yoyenera yomwe nyama ili. Izi zikuphatikiza kuchuluka kwa malo ogwiritsira ntchito magetsi, kusowa kwa chitetezo, kuphwanya kwamphamvu kutentha, kupezeka kwa mawonekedwe, chinyezi komanso kusowa kwa ukhondo. Kukula kwake komanso pafupipafupi ndizodyetsanso ndikofunikira, kuphatikiza ndikuwonetsetsa kuti nyama zanu zikuchita mokwanira.

Njira zathu zina ndizosiyana ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati obereketsa ku US. Timalankhula poyera za njirazi ndikuwasintha mosalekeza m'chiyembekezo chofuna kupititsa patsogolo malingaliro othandizira kuti pakhale mitu yabwino kwambiri yosungira nyama zopangidwa ndi agalu. Ndiponso kuti chiwerengero cha anthu omwe amapanga zolengedwa zokongola izi chikukwera.

Mosasamala mtundu wamtundu womwe mukuyesa kubwezeretsanso kumalo owonjezera, ndikofunikira kuti dongosololi likugwira ntchito mokwanira komanso lisasinthe nyama isanayikidwemo. Kudumpha mumunyontho ndi kutentha kumatha kuyambitsa matenda opumira kapena mavuto oyipa m'mutu mwanu wa galu.
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Amazoa Wopanda Galu wa Amonia (Corallus batesii)

Pakalembera, anthu ambiri osonkhetsa mitu yokhala ndi agalu amawasunga malo oyera okhala ndi ma dziwe omangidwa pansi kuti azikhala ndi chinyezi chambiri. Izi zimachitika ndi lingaliro latsanzi lachilengedwe lomwe mitu yokhala agalu amakhalamo, mwachitsanzo, pamtengo ku Amazon.
M'bwalo loterolo, nyama zopangidwa ndi agalu zimakakamizidwa kuti zizikhala pagulu lawo nthawi zonse ndikumwa madzi omwe zimadetsa. Tikuganiza kuti mapangidwe oterewa sakhala chisankho chabwino pazifukwa izi:

1. Galu wokhala ndi mutu wa galu - nyama zobisika zomwe zili ndi maonekedwe abwino obiriwira okhala ndi matani oyera. Kukakamiza kukhala m'malo otseguka m'malo owoneka bwino kumayambitsa kupsinjika kwakukulu mu nyama.

2. Kufunika kokhala pamtanda wopingasa, chifukwa pansi ponse ponsepo pali dziwe lamadzi - chinthu china chodetsa nkhawa. Nyama zathu zonse nthawi ndi nthawi zimatsika kuchokera kunthambi mpaka pansi pa malo achitetezo, makamaka zikagwira usiku. Akazi oyembekezera nthawi zambiri amakhala masiku onse, ndipo nthawi zina nthawi yonse yokhala ndi pakati pansi.

3. Mfundo yoti woyesererana wa boa amakakamizidwa kumwa madzi pachitsime chomwe adachinjiramo ndi njira ya tsoka. Izi ndizowona makamaka m'madziwe am'madzi obwezera kumbuyo, okhala ndi ngodya zomwe nthawi zambiri sangatsukidwe.

Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi mafotokozedwe

Chithunzi: Galu wokhala ndi mutu

Galu wotsogozedwa ndi agalu amatchedwanso nkhuni zobiriwira. Fotokozerani izi ndi epithet monga emerald. Chizimba ichi sichiri poizoni ndipo ndi cha banja la ma pseudopods, amtundu wa boas woonda-woonda. Utotowu umayang'aniridwa ndi kamvekedwe wamba, kakang'ono kwambiri, kowoneka bwino, kamene kamapatsa chiwonetsero cha boitor ndi kukopa kwambiri. Mu Chilatini, wachi constituor amatchedwa Corallus caninus. Mitundu ya Corallus imakhala ndi mitundu itatu yomwe imasiyana mosiyanasiyana. Pa imodzi mwamagulu amenewa galu wokhala ndi mutu wagalu amakhala.

Kodi galu wokhala ndi mutu wagalu amakhala kuti?

Chithunzi: Galu wokhala ndi mutu

Galu wokhala ndi mutu wotsogola ndi munthu wokonda kwambiri zachilengedwe, wokhala ndi nyumba zokhazikika ku gawo la South America.

Imapezeka m'malo akulu:

Nyamayi imakonda madera otentha, otsika kwambiri, okhala ndi nkhalango zambiri, momwe imakhazikika, ponse pa mitengo yoyamba komanso yachiwiri. Boas ndi mars amakhala. Amakonda kuti asakwere pamwamba pamtunda wamamita 200 kuchokera pamwamba pa nyanja, ngakhale zoyerekeza zimapezeka pamtunda wa kilomita imodzi. Mitengo ya masamba obiriwira inafalikira kwambiri ku Kanaima National Park, yomwe ili kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Venezuela.

Chinyezi chimagwira gawo lofunikira m'miyoyo yobiriwira yobiriwira, kotero m'malo awo okhazikika nthawi zambiri amasankha mitsinje ikuluikulu (mwachitsanzo, Amazon). Koma kukhalapo kwa posungira ndi njira yosankha kukhalapo kwawo, izi ndizongokonda. Boazi amapeza chinyontho chomwe amafunikira mvula, yomwe m'malo omwe amakhala amakhala mpaka masentimita 150 pachaka.

Korona za mitengo imakhala nyumba ya boas, momwe amakhala nthawi yayitali ya njoka, ndichifukwa chake amatchedwa arboreal. Ndipo utali wa moyo, woyesedwa ndi boas kuthengo, sunakhazikitsidwe, ngakhale ali mu ukapolo amapitilira zaka khumi ndi zisanu.

Tsopano mukudziwa komwe boa-mitu yozungulira imakhala, tiyeni tiwone zomwe amadya?

Kodi galu wokhala ndi mutu wagalu amadya chiyani?

Chithunzi: Njoka yamutu wagalu

Funso lokhudza zakudya za boac za sabacodont ndilotsutsana kwambiri. Olemba ambiri amati amadya mbalame zokha zomwe zimuluka pafupi ndi zokwawa. Akatswiri a herpetologists amati izi sizotsimikiziridwa mwasayansi, asayansi akuti zotsalira za zolengedwa zomwe zimayamwa nthawi zambiri zimapezeka m'matumbo a nyama zakufa. Pali lingaliro linanso lokhuzana ndi menyu womwe umatsogozedwa ndi agalu ogulitsa agalu, womwe umatsimikizira kusiyana kwake; njokayo, malingana ndi malingaliro awa, imanyamula nyama zosiyanasiyana:

Chosangalatsa: Boazi amatsogolera kusaka kwa obisalira, obisala korona wa mitengo, napachika nthambi. Munthuyo akangozindikira, zobiriwira zimanyamula pansi mwachangu kuti zigwire pansi. Mothandizidwa ndi mano ataliatali, boa amabwera mosavuta wogwidwa munyengo, pogwiritsa ntchito korona wake. Nthawi zina zimatenga nthawi yoposa ola limodzi kumeza nyama.

Zakhala zikuwoneka kuti ana a njoka amakhala nthawi yayitali kuposa anzawo okhwima kwambiri, abuluzi ndi achule nthawi zambiri amakhala chakudya chake.

Boazi otsogozedwa agalu, omwe amakhala mu ukapolo, nthawi zambiri amakhala ovuta, akana kupereka chakudya, motero amayenera kudyetsedwa mozizwitsa. Momwe malo obiriwira obiriwira amasinthidwa kukhala makoswe kuti adye. Munthu wokhwima amadya kamodzi masabata atatu, ndipo achinyamata amadya kwambiri - pakatha masiku 10 kapena 14. Makulidwe a nyama yonyamula nyama yoperekedwa ku boya sayenera kukhala yayikulupo kuposa gawo lokwanira lam'madzi, poti njokayo imaluka. Kuzolowera kudya makoswe, boas okhala kunyumba akhala akudya kwa moyo wawo wonse.

Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo

Chithunzi: Maso a ntundu wotsatira wa mbwa

Wokhala mitu yotsogola ndiwosangalatsa kwambiri kwazomwe zimachitika kwambiri. Amakhala tsiku lonse panthambi, akusaka, kupumula, kudya, kufunafuna wokondana naye, kuchulukana ngakhale kubereka ana. Chokwiracho chimakutira kuzungulira nthambi ngati chakudyera chobiriwira, mutu wake umagona mfundo, ndipo mphete za theka la thupi lake zimapachika mbali zonse ziwiri za mbali. Pafupifupi tsiku lonse, mawonekedwe a thupi amakhalabe osasinthika. Mchira wa wozimira wotsatira wa boa ndi wokhazikika komanso wolimba, kotero kuti siziwopseza kugwa, imatha kubisala modzitchinjiriza komanso mopepuka kuyang'ana korona.

Zoyala zamitengo zimayamba kugwira ntchito nthawi yamadzulo, ndipo zimatha tsiku lonse korona wamtambo. Nthawi zina amadzigwetsera pansi, akuchita izi kuti asambe dzuwa. Njoka yomwe ingagwire njoka imapezeka chifukwa cha masomphenya akuthwa komanso ma fossa olamulira kutentha omwe amakhala pamwamba pa milomo yapamwamba. Zodzikongoletsera zimagwiritsa ntchito chilankhulo chawo ngati chosinira, kuyang'ana malo mozungulira. Othandizira a Boa amagwiritsa ntchito zida zonsezi, monga Sankhani mawu modandaula, popanda kutseguka kotseguka kunja ndi kukhala ndi khutu losakhazikika pakati, komabe, izi ndizodziwika kwa njoka zonse.

Bungwe la boa kuchokera ku terariamu limapezekanso panthambi zokhala ndi zida zapadera ndipo limayamba kudya likayamba kuda. Njira yosungunulira ma emeralds imachitika chaka chilichonse kawiri kapena katatu. Nthawi yoyamba, ma Boas ang'onoang'ono amangokhalira sabata yokha pambuyo pobadwa.

Ngati tizingolankhula zamtundu wankhalawu, ndiye kuti sizokongola monga mawonekedwe ake. Zinaonedwa kuti nyama zodzikongoletsera zomwe zimakhala m'malo otetezekawa zimakhala ndi chikhalidwe chosasangalatsa, ndizosankha komanso zosankha kwambiri, ndipo zimatha kuluma ndi mano awo aatali kwambiri kuti nthawi zina zimakhudza mitsempha. Kuukira kumachitika pa liwiro la mphezi ndipo kumachitika mobwerezabwereza. Chifukwa chake, ndikwabwino kwa akatswiri osadziwa zachilengedwe kuti asatenge mutu wovekera galu, chifukwa muyenera kudziwa momwe ungachigwirire molondola.

Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka

Chithunzi: Galu wokhala ndi mutu

Nyama zazimuna zokhala ndi agalu samayala ndi kuwaswa mazira, chifukwa ali ovoviviparous. Amuna amakhala pafupi zaka zitatu kapena zinayi za moyo wawo, ndipo zazimayi patapita nthawi pang'ono - mpaka zinayi kapena zisanu. Ukwati wa nthawi ya njoka ukuyambira mu Disembala, ndipo umatha mpaka Marichi.

Maukwati onse, masiku ndi kukopera kumachitika mu korona wa mitengo. Munthawi imeneyi, boas sakudya, njonda zimazungulirazungulira mzimayi wamtima, kuyesera kuyika iye moyenera. Nthawi zambiri pakati pawo pamakhala maphwando pomwe mkwati wopambana amawululidwa, ndipo iye amalowetsa mtima wa namwaliyo.

Chosangalatsa: Ma Duelists amatsutsana, ndikugwiritsa ntchito kulumidwa kokhazikika ndi kuwuma, kuwulula wolimbana wamphamvu yemwe angakondweretse mzimayi wamtima ndi kukangana pa thupi lake ndikuwunika pang'ono ndi mathandizo am'mbuyo.

Chachikazi pamalo ake sichidya chilichonse mpaka kubadwa kwa mbewu. Amatha kuluma pokhapokha milungu iwiri yoyambirira kuyambira nthawi yomwe mayi ali ndi pakati. Mazimba amakula mu utero, ophatikizidwa ndi mazira a mazira. Amasiya mazira akadakhala mkati mwa thupi la mayi, ndipo panthawi yakubadwa amakutidwa ndi filimu yopyapyala, yomwe imang'ambika nthawi yomweyo. Njoka yatsopano yokhala ndi yolk sac imalumikizidwa ndi chingwe cholumikizira, chomwe chimang'ambika tsiku lachiwiri kapena lachisanu pambuyo pobadwa.

Nthawi ya bere imatenga masiku 240 mpaka 260. Mwa mkazi m'modzi, amphaka asanu mpaka 20 amabereka (nthawi zambiri palibe kupitilira 12). Kulemera kwa makanda kumachokera ku magalamu 20 mpaka 50, ndipo kutalika kwawo kumatha kufika theka la mita. Anawo akangobadwa, mayi nthawi yomweyo amawasiya, osasamalira anawo. Masiku oyambilira a njoka amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu ndipo atha kukhala osavuta kunyama iliyonse, chifukwa si aliyense amene angapulumuke.

Monga tawonera kale, m'makanda ambiri mtundu umakhala wofiyira kapena wowoneka ngati wofiirira, koma palinso zitsanzo zowoneka bwino - mandimu achikasu ndi mbawala, wopentedwa ndi malo oyera owoneka bwino pansi. Kukula, makanda amasintha mawonekedwe awo amtundu, kukhala wobiriwira, monga makolo awo.

Malo oopseza amayamba kukondana ndi nkhuni ali ndi zaka ziwiri, koma ana awo nthawi zambiri amakhala ofooka. Ana abwinobwino komanso athanzi amabadwira mu boas okalamba. Kuti mubereke mwachangu, kutentha kwa usiku m'mabwalo kumatsika mpaka madigiri 22 ndi chikwangwani chowonjezera. Kuphatikiza apo, izi zisanachitike, zazikazi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi wamwamuna. Bizinesiyi ndi yovuta komanso yovuta, chifukwa chake muyenera kukhala ndi luso komanso luso.

Adani achilengedwe a boams opangidwa ndi agalu

Chithunzi: Galu yotsogozedwa ndi agalu m'chilengedwe

Woyimitsa mutu wotsogoza wa agalu alibe miyeso yayikulu kwambiri, monga mtundu wina wamkati, komanso poyizoni, koma mano ake ndi ochulukitsa, ndipo minyewa yamthupi imakhala yolimba kwambiri, kotero imatha kukhala yolimba kuti ikulume wotsutsana nayo, ndipo sikutheka kutuluka mukutumphukira kwa reptile. Moyo wokhala pansi pa nthambi ndi masamba obiriwira umathandizira boa kuti asayang'anitsidwe, chifukwa mawonekedwe ake okongola ndi, choyambirira, chinsinsi chodziwika bwino chomwe chimathandiza pakasaka komanso pofuna kubisala kwa mdani.

Ngakhale ntchito zonse zoteteza pamtengowo zomwe zalembedwa pamwambapa, ali ndi adani okwanira mwachilengedwe. Nyama zosiyanasiyana zimatha kuthana ndi munthu wokhazikika wokhala ndi agalu.

Zina mwa zomwe zalembedwa:

Ambiri mwa anthu obadwa ndi njoka zatsopano, chifukwa amayi awo amawasiya atangobadwa. Wamng'ono wachinyamata amakhalanso pachiwopsezo chachikulu, chifukwa alibe chidziwitso choyenera ndipo sanafike pa kukula koyenera. Njoka zazing'ono nthawi zambiri zimavulala chifukwa cha nkhanu, nkhanu, abuluzi, ankhandwe, ming'alu wamba, mongooses, akhwangwala. Chifukwa chake, sikophweka kuti boams opangidwa ndi agalu kuti azikhala movutikira, makamaka kwa iwo omwe akadali ochepa kwambiri ndipo sanapeze chidziwitso cha moyo mu njoka.

Emerald Boas Moyo

Njoka izi zimakhala nthawi yayitali m'mitengo yamvula yambiri; zimakhala kumapiri kwamitengo ndi mitengo. Masana, ma boasi sasuntha, amakhala atagona panthambi zokhotakhota. Maonekedwe awo ndi thupi lozunguliridwa, pomwe mutu umakhala pakati.

Mbidzi zokhala ndi agalu zimagwira wolakwayo, zimapachika nthambi, ndikuzinyamula pansi. Pakusaka, ma emerald boas amagwiritsa ntchito maso awo ndi ma thermoreceptors, omwe amakhala pamwamba pamlomo wapamwamba. Zomverera izi ndizothandiza kwambiri usiku. Monga njoka zina, nkhumba zokhala ndi agalu zimapeza nyama yokhala ndi lilime losamala.

Nthawi zambiri, emarodi amadyera mitengo.

Izi zimasaka imodzi ndi imodzi, ndipo ngati pali mnzake pafupi, ndiye kuti zizolowezi zake zimakhala zankhanza.

Zakudya za emerald constorateor zimakhala ndi zolengedwa zausiku: abuluzi, makoswe, marsupials. Amakhulupiriranso kuti mbalame zimadyanso mbalame, koma njoka izi sizinapezeke m'mimba, mbalame ndizotheka, boas zikukhala panthambi, poyang'anira, ndipo, ngati zingatheke, munyamule mtengo.

Emerald boas ndizowoneka bwino kwambiri, motero anthu ochulukirapo akuyesera kuti awatenge, monga chiweto.

Achichepere a boazi opangidwa ndi galu amakhala ofiira.

Ndizovuta kwambiri kukhala ndi mtundu uwu wa const constoror, chifukwa nyama zimafunikira mikhalidwe yapadera, kuphatikiza apo, zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mchitidwe wankhanza. Koma ikasamalidwa bwino, galu wokhala ndi mutu wamphongo amakhala chovala chokongoletsera chilichonse.

Njoka yamtunduwu ndiyosazungulira, ndipo imakhala pafupifupi nthawi yonse pamitengo, chifukwa kapangidwe ka malo opangira malo ogwiritsira ntchito malo angafunike njira yopangira. Ndikofunikira kuti m'nyumba ya amonke ya anyani azikhala ndi nthambi zambiri zopingasa, m'malo osiyanasiyana, ndi ngodya zosiyanasiyana. Ndipo, chifukwa chake, nyumba ya emerald boa ndiyofunika kwambiri. Akuluakulu amasungidwa m'mabwalo amtali okwanira malita 22.

The terarium imayenera kuti ipereke mpweya wabwino komanso chinyezi. Mlingo wotsiriza uyenera kukhala wokwera, koma mpweya suyenera kuyenda. Mwachilengedwe, ma boan opangidwa ndi agalu amakhala m'nkhalango zomwe zimagwa mvula yambiri. M'nyengo yozizira, chinyezi cha mpweya chimatha kufika 90%, ndipo nthawi yotentha imatsika pafupifupi 60%.

Emerald constrictor amatsogolera moyo wosangalatsa.

Kuti mukwaniritse chinyontho ichi chinyezi kunyumba, pali zinsinsi zingapo. Zomera zokhala ku terrarium zimathandizira kuwonjezera chinyezi, kuwonjezera, zimapanga mawonekedwe okongola. Dracaena ndi ivy ndizoyenera. Mlengalenga mu terarium uyenera kumalizidwa kawiri patsiku, ndipo mutha kukhazikitsa dongosolo lothira zokha.

Pamalo otentha, matenthedwe sayenera kupitirira 30 madigiri, ndipo ngodya yotsalira imasungidwa ndi madigiri 24. Usiku, mutha kuchepetsa kutentha mpaka madigiri 22. Kuti apange kutentha kotere, mababu ochepa mphamvu amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kutentha mu terarium kumayesedwa ndi thermometer ya digito.

Emerald boas imagwira usiku, motero safunikira kuwunikira kowonjezera. Nyali za UV zimayikidwa ngati pali mbewu zam'madzi mu terrarium.

Kudyetsa Nyama Za Emerald

Kuchuluka kwa chimbudzi cha emerald boas kumadalira momwe angamangidwire. Popeza amakhala m'malo ozizira, chifukwa chake, dinani chakudya chotalikirapo kuposa njoka zina, ndipo mumadya zochepa. Nthawi zina makulidwe omwe amapezeka pakati pa ma feed akuluakulu okalamba agalu amatha kupitilira milungu itatu. Nyama zazing'ono zimapatsidwa chakudya tsiku lililonse 10 mpaka 10.

Mwachilengedwe, ma boasiwa amadya zakudya zosiyanasiyana, koma ali mu ukapolo amakhala omasuka, akudya makoswe okha. Nthawi zina njoka zimatha kukhalauma ndipo sizidyetsa makoswe, ndiye kuti chakudya chimapakidwa ndi fungo la nalimata kapena zinziri.

Ndi mano ake akutsogolo akutsogolo, wachibale wawo amatha kuugwira modzitchinjiriza wokhala ndi utoto ndi kupitilirabe kulemera.

Kukula kwa chakudyacho sikuyenera kupitilira gawo lonyentchera la thupi la boa constorateor. Ngati chakudyacho ndi chachikulu kwambiri, njoka zimang'amba.

Nthawi zambiri zimalimbikitsidwa kuyika akumwa mu terarium. Koma nthawi zambiri, ma Boas amamwa madzi kuchokera kumasamba ndikuyamwa.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu

Chithunzi: Galu wokhala ndi mutu

Mu 2019, International Union for Conservation of Nature idaganiza zopatula mitengo yobiriwira monga mtundu wochepa kwambiri wa nyama. Osamala zachilengedwe okwiya sanawone chilichonse chowopseza gulu lankhondo lodzala ndi agalu pafupi konse komwe akukhala, palibe chomwe chinawopseza malo.

Pali chinthu chimodzi chomwe chikukhudzanso mabungwe azachilengedwe - izi ndizakuwombera kwa sabokogolovye boas ndi cholinga choti agulitsenso, chifukwa malo okhala ndi zokongola ali okonzeka kupereka chiwongola dzanja cha ziweto zokongola zotere. Ngakhale anthu wamba, omwe amakumana ndi ma emerald boas, amaphedwa nthawi zambiri.

Tsopano kulanda zantchito zamalonda ndizokhazikitsidwa mokhazikika, malinga ndi Mgwirizano wapadziko lonse wamalonda. M'mayiko ambiri, chindapusa chogulitsa zinthuzi zapezekanso. Mwachitsanzo, ku Suriname, kutumizidwa kwa mitundu yoposa 900 pachaka kumavomerezedwa (awa ndi data a 2015). Komabe, mdera la Suriname, njira zoteteza izi sizikukwaniritsidwa bwino. boas amatumizidwa kuchokera kudzikoli mochulukirapo kuposa momwe zimakhalira, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri kuchuluka kwa ma pseudopod, koma pokhapokha dera lino, kuchuluka kwazomwe zimapatsa mitu yonse ya agalu sikuwonetsedwa.

Asayansi anachita kuwunikira madera a Brazil Guiana ndi Suriname, malinga ndi zotsatira zake zidapezeka kuti boas zobiriwira ndizosowa kwambiri kapena zotsekedwa mwaluso, kotero ndizovuta kwambiri kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa zokwawa padziko lonse lapansi. Komabe, pakadali pano, kuwonongeka sikuwopsezedwa ndi mitu yokhala ndi agalu, kuchuluka kwawo sikungatsike kwambiri, kumakhalabe kosasunthika, komwe sikungakondwere.

Mwachidule, ndikufuna kuwonjezera pamenepo galu wokhala ndi mutu wa galu - okongola kwenikweni, poyang'ana pomwe, sungakhale osayanjanitsika. Chovala chake chofiirira chamarimu chimawoneka cholemera komanso chowonjezera, chimalimba ndi mphamvu komanso chosalimbikitsa. Ngakhale zabwino zonse, ma mod awa ndiosankhika komanso amawuwa, koma obereketsa odziwa ntchitoyo samvera izi, poganizira izi wobiriwira wobiriwira wobiriwira maloto enieni ndi emerald kusonkha kwawo njoka!

Kuyesa Kwambiri Galu-Mutu

Ma boas amenewa ndi otchuka chifukwa cha nkhanza zawo. Njoka za mitengo ndizomwe zimakonda kukhala zolimba nthawi zonse.

Ali mu ukapolo, boa imakhala nthawi yopuma patsekeke, ndipo itatha idya.

Ndikosavuta kutenga njoka m'manja mwanu, okhawo omwe amadziwa zambiri ndi omwe amatha kuthana ndi izi.

Ambiri mwa emerald boas, makamaka anthu akuthengo, amamenya mwamphamvu kangapo. Komabe, zitha kuyambitsa mavuto akulu. Mwa njoka zapoizoni ma boazi omwe ali ndi mano akulu kwambiri, amamenya kwambiri. Kutalika kwa dzino la munthu wamkulu kumatha kufika masentimita 5. Mukalumidwa ndi emerald boa, mufunika kuyikapo zingwe zingapo. Kuluma kungakhale koopsa chifukwa cha matenda kapena kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha.

Boazi opangidwa ndi agalu ali ndi kaphokoso kosalala, chifukwa sayenera kumwedwa pansi pamutu. Nthawi zina atalumidwa ndi boa constrictor pawokha, imatha kuwonongeka mu mawonekedwe a kuphulika kwa mafupa am'mimba. Izi zimachitika ngati njoka singalole gawo lolumidwa la thupi, ndipo munthuyo ayesera kutaya.

Pofuna kuti musavutike nokha komanso kuti musavulaze boa, tikulimbikitsidwa kukoka njoka izi ndi mbedza. Poterepa, njoka yoyenera imasungidwa, ndipo imatha kuwongolera mutu wake.

Chifukwa cha mchira wake wolimba, njokayo ndiyolakwika kwambiri ndipo imayenda mwachangu pakati pa nthambi.

Njoka za mitengo zimakhala zotetezeka zikagwidwa ndi mwayi wogwira chinthu, ndiye kuti mbedza ndiyo njira yabwino koposa.

Kukula kwa mitu yokhala ndi agalu kumafikira 2 metres, ndipo ma radius oyandikira ali pafupi 2/3 a kutalika kwa thupi, chifukwa chake muyenera kukhala kutali.

Kubala Emerald Boas

Asanayambe kuweta boas, amatengedwa kupita kwa veterinarian kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa thanzi ndi kukhwima kwa nyama. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda nthawi zambiri timayamba pa masokogolovye boas, kuwonjezera apo, azimayiwo amapatsira ana, omwe ana amafa nthawi zambiri.

Boams opangidwa ndi agalu nthawi zambiri amadwala majeremusi oyenda mkati.

Nthawi yakukhwima kwa boazi imeneyi imayamba kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, ndipo imatha kumayambiriro kwamasika. M'matumba osiyana, patatsala mwezi umodzi kuti mubzale, kutentha kumatsitsidwa ndi madigiri 4-6, ndipo chinyezi chimakwezedwa mpaka 90%.

Boazi amabzalidwa, ndikusungidwa pamodzi kwa mwezi umodzi kuti umuna uchulukane kangapo, chifukwa chake ana akufunika kwambiri.

Nthawi yonse yomwe mayi ali ndi pakati, wamkazi amasungidwa kumalo osiyanasiyana. Amayenera kukwera pamwamba. Kutentha kwabwino kumafunika. Pambuyo pa masiku 240-260, wamkazi amabereka ana.

Pambuyo pobadwa, ana amakondana ndipo amayikidwa m'magulu osiyana. Nthawi zambiri, ana amayamba kudya mbewa zazing'ono itatha yolt yoyamba.

Pambuyo pa molt woyamba, ma boas ang'onoang'ono amatha kudyetsedwa ndi mbewa.

Mutha kuyesa kuwerengera boam emerald wazaka 2, koma ana okulirapo amakhala ndi ana ochulukirapo, ana amakhalanso athanzi. Mu chilengedwe, kutha msambo mwa amuna kumachitika zaka 3-4, ndipo mwa akazi chaka chotsatira. Mkazi m'modzi mu ana amatha kukhala ndi ana 5-5.

Matenda ofala kwambiri a boazi opangidwa ndi agalu

Ma boas awa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mavuto azaumoyo. Chodziwika kwambiri cha izo: kuchepa madzi m'thupi, kupuma pakamwa potseguka, kukomoka, kuwonda.

Emerald boas amatha kutha mphamvu - chikhalidwe chowawa chofanana ndi loto lomwe limadziwika ndi kusayenda bwino.

Chizindikiro cha kusowa kwamadzi ndi khungu lakhungu ndi maso owuma, motero muyenera kupopera mafuta nthawi zambiri ndikuyika akumwa. Ngati ulesi umachitika, njokayo imakumba kapena kupuma ndi pakamwa pake, ndiye kuti kwatentha kwambiri mu terarium. Ngati kutsika kutentha sikungathandize, ndiye kuti kupuma ndi kupuma kosayenera ndi chizindikiro cha matenda ena owopsa.

Mavuto ena owonjezereka amabwera ndi kuvunda mkamwa, stomatitis, matenda oyamba kupuma, mamba oola. Matenda onsewa amathandizidwa ndi veterinarians okha.

Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.

Kukula kwa njoka

Mtengo wobiriwira saloleza kudzitama kukula kwakukulu, chifukwa pafupifupi samakula kuposa 2-2.8, koma ali ndi mano atali kwambiri pakati pa njoka zopanda poizoni.

Kutalika kwa dzino la galu wokhala ndi mutu kumasiyana kuchokera 3.8-5 cm, omwe ali okwanira kuvulaza munthu.

Ndiyenera kunena kuti mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a boazi opangidwa ndi agalu amasiyana ndi mawonekedwe oyipa kwambiri, omwe amawonekera pakudya kwawo kosankhidwa ndi zoyipa zokhazokha (posunga njoka m'malo okwera).

Ziweto, makamaka zomwe zimatengedwa kuchokera ku chilengedwe, sizizengereza kugwiritsa ntchito mano awo aatali ngati munthu sakudziwa kutenga boa m'manja. Boas imagunda mwamphamvu komanso mobwerezabwereza (ndi radius yotsutsa mpaka 2/3 ya kutalika kwa thupi), ndikupangitsa mabala owoneka bwino, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mabala owononga.

Habitat, malo okhala

Bo-mutu wotsogola wopezeka ku South America kokha, m'malo a mayiko monga:

• Venezuela,
• Brazil (kumpoto chakum'mawa),
• Guyana,
• Suriname
• French Guiana.

Kukhazikika kwa Corallus caninus kumakhala chithaphwi, komanso nkhalango zamvula yam'mapiri (onse oyambira ndi achiwiri). Zambiri mwa zokwawa zimakhala pamalo okwera mpaka 200 m pamwamba pa nyanja, koma anthu ena amakwera kumtunda - mpaka 1 km kumtunda kwa nyanja. Mbidzi zopangidwa ndi agalu ndizofala ku Kanaima National Park kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Venezuela.

Mitengo yobiriwira ya mitengo yobiriwira imakhala malo otentha, chifukwa nthawi zambiri imakhazikika m'mphepete mwa mitsinje yayikulu, kuphatikiza Amazon, koma madzi achilengedwe siofunikira kuti njoka zizikhala. Amakhala ndi chinyezi chokwanira, chomwe chimagwera mu mpweya - kwa chaka ichi chiwerengerochi ndi pafupifupi 1500 mm.

Zakudya zachilengedwe

Olemba mabuku ambiri amati mbalame yotsogola ya agalu imadyera mbalame zokha, mosachedwa kuwuluka pafupi ndi mano ake aatali. Gawo lina la akatswiri odziwa za herpik ndiwotsimikiza kuti lingaliro lokhudza kusaka mbalame usiku limalimbikitsidwa mwasayansi, popeza zotsalira za zolengedwa, osati mbalame, zimapezeka m'mimba za boazi zakufa.

Akatswiri azolowera kwambiri zachilengedwe amalankhula za chidwi chapadera cha Corallus caninus, chomwe chimagwira nyama zosiyanasiyana:

• makoswe
• zotheka
• mbalame (ma passerines ndi mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe),
• anyani ang'ono
• mileme,
• abuluzi
• zazing'ono zazing'ono.

Zosangalatsa. Wofikira wachibale amakhala pakubisalira, atapachika nthambi, kenako amathamangira, ndikuzindikira kuti akumenya. Njokayo imagwira nyama yayitali ndi mano ataliitali ndikusuntha ndi thupi lolimba.

Popeza ana ocheperawa amakhala ochepa kuposa anzawo akale, nthawi zambiri amakhala achule ndi abuluzi.

Zakudya muukapolo

Boazi loyendetsedwa ndi agalu ndilosasangalatsa kwambiri pazomwe zili choncho chifukwa chake sizikulimbikitsidwa kwa oyamba kumene: makamaka, njoka nthawi zambiri zimakana chakudya, chifukwa chake zimasinthidwa kuti zidyetsedwe. Kuchulukitsa kwa nyama zokwawa, monga nyama za endothermic, zimatsimikiziridwa ndi malo awo, ndipo popeza Corallus caninus amapezeka m'malo abwino, amapukusa chakudya motalika kuposa njoka zambiri. Izi zimangotanthauza kuti mtengo wobiriwira boa umadya pang'ono kuposa ena.

Nthawi yayitali pakati pakudyetsa munthu wamkulu wa constrateor ndi milungu itatu, pamene nyama zazing'ono zimafunikira kudyetsedwa masiku 10 mpaka 10 aliwonse. M'mimba mwake, mtembo suyenera kupitilira gawo lonyentchera la const constoror, chifukwa imatha kuzimiririka ngati chakudyacho ndichachikulupo. Ma boya ambiri opangidwa ndi agalu popanda mavuto amadutsa mu ukapolo wa makoswe, amawadya kwa moyo wawo wonse.

Kubala ndi kubereka

Kubadwa kosavomerezeka - Umu ndi momwe mitu yojambulidwa ndi agalu imaberekera, mosiyana ndi njuchi zomwe zimayikira mazira. Kuti ziberekane zamtundu wamtundu woyambira zimayamba mochedwa: Amuna - azaka 3-4, akazi - azaka 4-5.

Nthawi yakukhwima imatenga mwezi wa Disembala mpaka mwezi wa Marichi, ndipo chibwenzi ndimagonana zimachitika mwachindunji panthambi. Pakadali pano, ma Boas samadya kwambiri, ndipo pafupi ndi mkaziyo wokonzekera umuna, abwenzi angapo amasambira nthawi imodzi, ndikupeza ufulu wamtima wake.

Zosangalatsa. Dengalo limakhala ndi maginito angapo ogwirizana. Pambuyo pake wopambana amayamba kukondweretsa mkaziyo, kutupira thupi lake ndikumenya miyendo yake ya kumbuyo.

Mkazi wothira feteleza akukana kudyetsa mpaka mwana: kusiyapo kukhala masabata awiri oyambilira atatenga pakati. Maula omwe samatengera mwachangu michere ya mayi m'mimba mwake, amalandila michere kuchokera ku mazira a mazira. Ana amatuluka mazira, akadali m'mimba mwa mayi, ndipo amabadwa pansi pa kanema wowonda, nthawi yomweyo amafalikira.

Makanda obadwa kumene amakhala olumikizidwa ndi chingwe cha umbilical ndi chopanda chopanda yolk ndikuswa kulumikizana kwa masiku pafupifupi 2-5. Kubereka kumachitika m'masiku 240-260. Mkazi m'modzi amatha kubereka kuchokera pakati pa 5 mpaka 20 cubs (pafupifupi osaposa khumi ndi awiri), iliyonse imalemera 20-50 g ndi kukula mpaka 0,4-0,5 m.

"Makanda" ambiri amapakidwa utoto wofiira wa carmine, koma pali zosiyana zina zamtundu - zofiirira, chikasu cha mandimu ngakhale fawn (yokhala ndi madontho oyera oyera pachikondwerero).

M'malo okhala ndi mitu yokhala ndi agalu mumatha kukwatirana ndi zaka ziwiri, koma ana abwinobwino amabadwa kuchokera kwa achikulire. Kubalana kumalimbikitsidwa chifukwa chochepetsa kutentha kwa usiku mpaka madigiri 2322 (+ osachepetsa kutentha kwa masana), komanso ndizosiyana ndi zomwe anzanu omwe angathe kuchita nawo.

Dziwani kuti kubereka kumabweretsa mavuto ambiri: m'malo otetezekawa padzakhala mazira osabereka, mazira osakhazikika komanso ma fecal misa omwe amayenera kuchotsedwa.

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