Nthawi inayake zapitazo, nkhani yokhudza kulowa kwa akangaude kunyumba ya anthu aku Missouri (USA) idachita phokoso kwambiri. Mnansi wosasangalatsa anali kangaude wa bulauni - cholengedwa chodzikweza komanso chakufa. Zomwe zinachitika asanafike kuzilonda zazing'ono pafupifupi 6,000 sizidadziwikebe, koma adapambana pankhondo iyi pothamangitsa munthu kunyumba kwake. Tikukuuzani zambiri zamomwe mungadziwire woimira poyizoni wa arachnids komanso zomwe zimawopseza msonkhano ndi iye.
Chifukwa chiyani?
Amadziwika kuti ndi phwando chifukwa chofunitsitsa kukhala payekha komanso kukhala ndi moyo wosangalatsa. Simudzaona matchero ake padenga kapena pakati pa mbewu. Amamanga chisa m'malo obisika osawadziwa, amakonda kuti ndikhale kwamdima komanso kouma. Awa ndi kangaude m'modzi yemwe amatha kukhala m'magulu, koma osakufuna konse. Kuphatikiza apo, samalumikizidwa ndi Putin wake, kupita kukadya nyama, amapita kutali ndi chisa.
Zovuta za "chithunzi"
Kangaude wamtundu wa bulauni ndiosavuta kuzindikira pooneka, ngakhale chithunzicho chimafanana ndi wopanga hays m'njira inayake - cholengedwa chopanda manyazi komanso chamanyazi.
Arthropod imakhala ndi utoto wonyezimira kapena wakuda, pafupifupi yunifolomu pa cephalothorax, pamimba, miyendo. Chochititsa chidwi ndi chojambula kunja kwa cephalothorax, chofanana ndi vayol. Kangaudeyu ndi miyendo yayitali, yopingasa. Thupi limakutidwa ndi tsitsi lalifupi.
Pali zinthu zina zingapo zomwe zimasiyanitsa kangaude wa bulauni wazaka zambiri kuchokera ku dongosolo la arachnid.
- Kuphatikiza pa mawonekedwe omwe amadziwika, ali ndi awiri awiri amaso, osati 4, ngati abale ena.
- Ngati mukuyang'anitsitsa, mawanga opepuka amawoneka pamiyendo yolumikizana.
- Tsamba lake limakhala losasangalatsa, loyera, loyera, lopanda mtundu wamba.
- Ngati matendawa asokonezeka, mwadzidzidzi amatenga malo owopseza - atapumira miyendo yakumbuyo, kutsogolo - amakokera, gulu lachiwiri (pedipalps) - limadzutsa.
Zimapezeka kuti?
Kanyumba komanso kakhalidwe ka kangaude ka bulauni ndi madera akum'mawa a United States, kuyambira pano amasamukira kumwera komanso kumwera chakumadzulo kwa chigwa. Pali umboni kuti Loxosceles reclusa idalowetsedwa ku Australia. Malinga ndi nyengo yachilengedwe, madera oyenera ndi Mediterranean, dera lotentha la Eurasia. Mwamwayi, arthropod yoopsa sichinadziwike pano.
Kusaka?
Mtsitsiwo ndiwocheperako kukula, samakoka maukonde osaka, motero amagwiritsa ntchito njira yokhayo yosakira - amapha wozunzayo mothandizidwa ndi poyizoni. Amapita kukafunafuna nyama usiku. Kupeza kachilombo kapena kangaude wina, amamuwombera ndi kuvulaza mwachangu poizoni, ndikukulitsa wolakwayo. Imfa imachitika nthawi yomweyo, popeza kuti poizoni wake ndi imodzi mwazinthu zapoizoni kwambiri, zomwe sizimamveka bwino.
Zindikirani! Poizoni wa kangaude Loxosceles reclusa ndi wowonekera komanso wowoneka bwino. Ili ndi ma enzyme owopsa omwe, kulowa pakhungu, kuwononga ma cellular, ndikuyamba kufa minofu yofewa, kuyambitsa kutupikika kambiri.
Kuzungulira kwa moyo
Akangaude a brown ochokera ku genus Loxosceles ndi a zaka zana limodzi. Nthawi yayitali yokhala ndi moyo ndi zaka 2 - 4; zitsanzo zina zimakhala ndi zaka 6. Yaikaziyo, isanayike mazira, imaluka coco wandiweyani. Chiwerengero cha mazira mu clutch ndi 40-50 ma PC. Ana a kangaude mtsogolo amateteza modzitchinjiriza, osachoka mchisa, mpaka kangaude wina ataonekera. Mpaka mawonekedwe akakhwima afikire, ana amatulutsa maulendo 8, ndikuponyera membrane wonenepa.
Kutheka kokumana ndi munthu
Osangokhala anthu omwe amawononga chilengedwe, koma abale athu ocheperako amasintha kukhala ndi moyo wachitukuko. Chifukwa chake, kangaude wa bulauni wokondweretsa amakwera m'chipinda chouma, chotentha komanso chabwino. Malo omwe mungakumanirane ndi arthropod yowopsa ndi ma shets, ma attic, nyumba zopanda chilimwe, zipinda zapansi, ndi mitengo. Amalowa m'nyumba kudzera pazenera, zitseko. Apa, kubisala kuchokera m'maso a munthu kumbuyo kwa mabatire, kudumphadumpha, zojambula, pakati pa khoma ndi mipando yosunthidwa.
Arthropod imawukira, ikamva kuwopsa - kuphwanyidwa, kuponderezedwa. Akuwonetsa chiwawa, ngati muwononga chisa, amadzalowa mwadzidzidzi pogona.
Zindikirani! Ku America, kuluma kwa kangaudeyu siachilendo. Kuchokera kwa oimira genus Loxosceles reclusa, mpaka anthu 7,000 amavutika pachaka. Mu gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatuwo, kuluma kumabweretsa zotsatirapo zoyipa kwambiri. Pakakhala zovuta, zotsatira zakupha zimakhala zotheka.
Zotsatira za kuluma
Omwe alibe chidwi amalongosola kuluma kwa kangaude ngati jekeseni lakuthwa mwadzidzidzi, ululu womwe umadutsa mwachangu. Malinga ndikumverera koyambirira, ndikosavuta kusokoneza ndikuluma kwa udzudzu. Nthawi zambiri, pomwe wozunzidwayo amafunafuna thandizo, chifukwa zotsatira zake zimachitika pokhapokha maola 6-8. Kodi ndimawonekedwe otani?
- Poyamba, mopweteka, patatha maola ochepa, kuluma kumayamba kugwidwa ndi ululu waukulu.
- Malo owonongera amatupa, amasandulika ofiira, amawotcha.
- Pang'onopang'ono, kufupika ndi kutupa kumakulirakulira, kufalikira - kumathandizidwa ndi poizoni wotsekemera amakula.
- Mutu umayamba kupweteka, kufooka, nseru kumawonekera, kutentha kumatha kutuluka - zizindikiro za kuledzera.
- Chotupacho chimapezeka pamalo opaka khungu, pomwe amaphulika, ndikupanga zilonda.
Ndi nthawi imeneyi kuti omwe akuzunzidwayo, monga lamulo, apite kuchipatala. Ngati yachedwa, minofu ya m'deralo necrosis (imfa) ikhoza kuchitika. Malo olumidwawo amasintha kwambiri, amasintha kukhala chilonda, patatha masiku awiri.
Zindikirani! Necrosis ndi bala lakuthwa, loyipa lakunja pamene, mothandizidwa ndi poyizoni, mnofu umazungulira. Moyenerera, poizoniyo amakhumudwitsanso matenda ena, kutupa kambiri komwe kumalepheretsa machitidwe ofunikira a thupi. Mankhwalawa atakumana ndi kuluma kwa kangaude amatengera miyezi isanu ndi umodzi mpaka itatu. Vala lowoneka latsala pamalo owonongeka.
Malinga ndi madotolo, poizoniyu ndi wamphamvu kwambiri kotero kuti kufa sikumangobwera kokha chifukwa cha poizoni wocheperako. Koma ngati alowa mthupi la munthu yemwe sakonda, mwana, munthu wofooka chitetezo, zotsatira zake sizimadziwika.
Kusamalira mwadzidzidzi
- Chilondacho chizitsukidwa ndi sopo ndi madzi ozizira, ophera tizirombo toyambitsa matenda.
- Yesetsani kufinya poyizoni kuchotsera pakhungu.
- Kuti muchepetse kufalikira kwa poizoni, gwiritsani ntchito ayezi kuluma nthawi ndi nthawi.
- Pamwamba pa malo okhudzidwa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyika bandeji yolimba kapena malo osendera.
- Mutha kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kumwa anti-anti-allergic.
Awa ndi njira zadzidzidzi zomwe sizikuletsa kupita kwa dokotala. Osachepera chitetezo.
Habitat
Akangaude a Hermit amakhala mdera lotentha ku Old and New Worlds, ngakhale lingaliro ili ndilofanana. Madera okhala ndi mamembala amtundu wa Loxosceles amaphatikizapo zigawo zomwe zili ndi nyengo yotentha. Mitengo yozizira kwambiri ya kangaude wa brown hermit imatha kufika -38 ° C.
Loxosceles Reclusa idayambitsidwa ndi anthu ku kontinenti ya Africa ndi ku South America. Chifukwa chake, masiku ano oimira amtunduwu amatha kupezeka pamakampani atatu.
Mwachilengedwe, akangaude amabisala pansi pa miyala ndi mabatani. Koma m'malo okhala, amakwawira m'nyumba za munthu, pomwe amamanga zisa m'zipinda zapansi. Mutha kukumana ndi kangaude wa mbewa ngati mu bedi pansi pa pilo ngati atasakasa pamenepo. Kangaude wakuda wotchedwa Loxosceles reclusa amangokuluma munthu kuti adziteteze, ngati mungayese kumugwira kapena kumuphwanya.
Mawonekedwe
Itanani Loxosceles reclusa kangaude wamkulu kwambiri padziko lapansi sagwira ntchito, makamaka poyerekeza ndi tarantula. Kutalika kwa kangaude wa ma brown a hermit omwe amakhala m'malo otentha ku United States ndi 7-12 mm. Kutakataka kutalika mpaka 20 mm. Monga tikuwonera pachithunzi cha kangaude, kumtunda kwa cephalothorax ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi vayol. Chifukwa chajambulachi, ma arthropod adatenga dzina lawo lina: kangaude wa violin. Koma chithunzicho sichingakhale chizindikiritso chodalirika cha mtunduwu wa arthropods, chifukwa chimapezekanso kwa oimira mabanja ena ndi mtundu. Ndipo pamapangidwe ena palibe mawonekedwe a "vayin".
Otsuka a brown hermit
Mu genus Loxosceles, pali mitundu iwiri yokha ya maso, m'malo mwa "anagona" 4. Maso agawika m'magulu awiri mwa atatu aliwonse. Chelicerae ndi ochepa komanso ofooka. Oimira ambiri sangalole konse kuluma pakhungu la munthu. Mapapu ndiwotalika, koma osasokoneza ntchito yogwira, kuchuluka kwa miyendo ndi 8, zomwe zimadziwika ndi mitundu yonse ya akangaude.
Mitundu imatha kusiyanasiyana mkati mwa mitundu yomweyi ndipo zimatengera madera ozungulira. Mtundu umachitika:
Ngakhale anthu obiriwira amdima amabwera.
Kangaude wa bulauni wokhala ndi miyendo yayitali ndi mtundu wa hermit waku Chile.
Ndi kuopsa kwake, ku Chile ndiwotsika kwambiri kuposa mtundu wa bulauni. Nthawi zambiri, kuluma kwa ku Chile kudanenedwa molakwika, monga kangaude wina kapena kachilombo kamaoneka ngati "wolakwa". Koma pali zonena kuti kuluma kwa "Chilean" kumatsogolera kuphedwa mu milandu itatu mwa khumi.
Mwa azitsamba "aku America" pali kangaude wofiirira (loxosceles rufescens) wokhala ku Hawaii. Ndiwosakhazikika mu poizoni ku bulauni.
Ndani adazindikira kangaude wa bulawuni wakuda?
Mbiri yakupeza kwa kangaude iyi ndiyopanda tanthauzo ndipo ndizochepa kwambiri zomwe zimadziwika pazomwe zidapezeka. Kulongosola kwachilengedwe kwa mitundu yotchedwa Loxosceles reclusa kunapezeka mu 1940. Kupezeka kwa mtundu watsopano wa hermit kunaperekedwa kwa asayansi awiri Willis John Gerch ndi Stanley Mulayku.
Willis John Gerch ndi waku Arachnologist waku America waku Montpelier, Vermont. Ali ndi kutulukidwa kwa mitundu yoposa chikwi ya akangaude, zinkhanira ndi mitundu ina ya arachnids, kuphatikiza kangaude wakuda.
Stanley Mulike ndi katswiri wazowona zachilengedwe, wochokera ku Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. Stanley ali ndi Lithuanian ndipo mpaka 1939 adagwira ntchito yophunzitsa. Pambuyo pake adapitiliza ntchito yake yakufufuza monga womaliza maphunziro ku Yunivesite ya Utah (USA).
Nyanja ya Mediterranean
Ku Russia, nsidze zimabweranso monga zipatso ndi mayiko ofunda, kupatula mitundu ya ku Mediterranean ya Loxosceles rufescens. Hermit hermit imapezeka kumadera otentha a Russia, ndipo idakhazikika padziko lonse lapansi mothandizidwa ndi anthu. Arthropod yaying'ono. Imakhala ndi mtundu wofiirira. Nthawi zina mtundu wamtunduwu umatha kukhala wonyezimira. Poizoni sichitsimikizidwa.
Otsuka a brown hermit
Kangaude wa bulauni nthawi zambiri amatchedwa mtundu wina wa amtundu wa Coelotes ochokera ku banja la antchito.
Mitundu ya 190 ya ma genel Coelotes amagawidwa pafupifupi ku Europe, koma kuluma kwawo sikumabweretsa ngozi kwa anthu. Ma Arthropod amabisala m'malo otetezeka achilengedwe, ndipo ndizovuta kuti munthu awoloke pokhapokha mutagwira nyama.
Kufotokozera kwachilengedwe
Akangaude a brown hermit nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kutalika kwa 6 mpaka 20 mamilimita (0.24 ndi 0.79 mainchesi), koma akuyenera kukhala ndi zazikulu zokulirapo. Mitundu ya kangaude nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mtundu wa bulauni, koma utoto wamtundu ungasiyane. Mtundu umasiyanasiyana kuyambira yoyera mpaka ya bulauni kapena yakuda, ndi cephalothorax ndi pamimba sikuti ndi mtundu womwewo. Kumbuyo kwa cephalothorax nthawi zambiri pamakhala chizindikiritso chofanana ndi vayolini. Chizindikiro pa cephalothorax ndi chizindikiro chimodzi chokha cha mtunduwu, koma chizindikiro ichi chimapezekanso m'mitundu ina ya akangaude. Chomwe chimasiyanitsa mitunduyo ndi awiriawiri maso, osati 4 ngati oyimira ena.
Monga mukuwonera pachithunzi pamwambapa, maso amodzi ali pakati, ndipo awiri ali ofananira nawo. Mawonekedwe awa ali ndi akangaude ochepa, kotero maso ndiye gawo lalikulu lodziwikiratu. Mimba imakutidwa ndi tsitsi lalifupi. Ngati mukuyang'ana popanda kukweza, imafanana ndi ubweya.
Moyo wa Hermit
Kangaude wakuda amakonda kukhazikika m'makona otetezeka, pomwe amawomba tsamba losokoneza kuti agwire tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Koma amakonda kusaka mwachangu. Pazifukwa izi, nthawi zambiri zimapezeka m'nyumba za anthu. Amuna amakhala nthawi yayitali akusaka, kusiya masamba. Akazi amakonda kusaka pafupi ndi chisa. Muzikhala ndi moyo wachisangalalo.
Nthawi yayitali kwambiri yazamoyo zambiri ndi zaka 1.5-2. Mchitsi wa bulauni amakhala zaka 7.
Habitat
Komwe kangaude wakuda amakhala pomwepo ku United States of America. Malo okhala amayambira pafupifupi kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Nebraska, ndipo amapezeka m'chigawo cha Iowa, Illinois, Indiana ndipo amathera ndi gawo lakumwera chakumadzulo kwa Ohio. Kumwera kwa United States, magawo amayambira ku Texas kupita kumpoto kwa Virginia. Kukhazikika kwa zinthu zamtunduwu kulinso ku zilumba za Hawaii, komwe mitunduyi imakhala paliponse.
Zakuti ambiri mwa anthu akum'mawa kwa USA sizitanthauza kuti mtunduwu ulibe mbali yakumadzulo. Mwambiri, ku United States of America, zochitika zambiri za kulumidwa kwa zinthuzi zidalembedwa. Zachidziwikire, 70% ya kulumidwa kumapezeka ndi zolakwika, chifukwa akatswiri osagwirizana ndi otheka amatha, ndipo mwina amangobwezeretsedwanso, popeza munthuyu Chisiti yomwe nthawi zambiri imasokonezedwa ndi kangaude wa bulauni wopanda vuto.
Komabe, kusunthidwa kwa Loxosceles reclusa kumachitika chifukwa kangaude wa bulauzi wamtunduwu amatha kuzolowera kukhala m'malo a anthu. Nthawi zambiri, makinawa amasuntha pakati pa mayiko komanso ngakhale makontinenti munyumba ya anthu kapena kunyamula katundu ndi katundu. Mwachitsanzo, mu 2014, lipoti lochokera ku Thailand lidawonetsa kuti munthu adamwalira atalumidwa ndi kangaude wofiirira. Kukhazikika kwa kangaude sikusintha chifukwa chakupezeka, chifukwa Loxosceles reclusa sikhala mizu m'malo ena ndipo nthawi zambiri amafa. Chifukwa chake ku Russia kunkadziwika zochitika zakuluma kwa ma brown, koma izi zidali zochitika zokha pomwe kangaude atathawa m'manja.
Kuswana
Arthropods amtundu wa Loxosceles zimatulutsa kuyambira Meyi mpaka Julayi. Kwa miyezi iwiri, wamkazi amapanga cocoon angapo ndi mazira 5 aliwonse. Amaziyika patsamba lake. Kukhalapo kwa cocoons ndi mazira ndi chifukwa chomwe wamkazi amadzibweretsera yekha.
Akangaude atabadwa masiku 30 pambuyo pazomangamanga. Kukula kwachichepere kumatha kutha pambuyo pa chaka chimodzi chamoyo.
Ma hermits a brown amatha kukhala popanda madzi ndi chakudya kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Ku labotale, cholembedwa cha mtunduwu chinakhala zaka 5.
Chifukwa cha kutentha kwadziko, asayansi afotokoza nkhawa zawo pakukula kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Loxosceles Reclusa. Koma akangaude amtunduwu sagwiritsa ntchito ma kabuzu kuti azikhazikika pamlengalenga mtunda wautali. Chifukwa chake, dziko lapansi likuwopsezedwa kokha ndi kuchuluka kwakuchuluka kwa akangaude m'gawo lawo loyambirira.
Moyo ndi Kubereka
Ponena za moyo, uyu ndi mlenje yemwe amasankha tizilombo ndi akangaude ena ang'ono. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, kangaude wa bulauni wophatikizika bwino amasinthika kukhala moyo wamunthu. Itha kupezeka pansi pa miyala ndi nthambi zowuma. Panyumba yake, Loxosceles reclusa imakonda malo owuma ndi otentha, chifukwa chake imatha kupezeka mu garage, pansi komanso ku attic. Makatoni amakalata ndiwo malo osankhidwa koposa, mwina chifukwa chofanana ndi khungwa lakale la mtengo. Imasaka usiku wokha, ndipo sizichita ngati oyimira ena. Ndiko kuti, samakhala mu intaneti yake ndikudikirira wozunzidwa, koma amasaka. Khalidwe ili limadziwika kwambiri ndi amuna, chifukwa zazikazi zimasaka, koma osachoka kutali ndi intaneti.
Ponena za kayendedwe ka moyo ndi kubereka, ndiye kuti zonse zadziwika. Nthawi yayitali yokhala ndi kangaude wa bulauni imapangidwa kuyambira chaka chimodzi ndi theka mpaka zaka ziwiri. Nyengo ya kuswana imatha makamaka kuyambira Meyi mpaka kumapeto kwa June. Kangaude mmodzi wamkazi amapanga cocoon awiri mpaka atatu ndi mazira pafupifupi mamilimita 8 pakamodzi. Chikoko chilichonse chimakhala ndi mazira 40-50 omwe amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali. Nthawi zambiri kangaude wofiirira amabisala cocoon m'malo obisika.
Kuluma kangaude
Kuluma kwa kangaude wa bulawuni kumatha kupha. Ndizodziwikiratu kuti munthu aliyense ali ndi zomwe ali nazo, ndipo zizindikiro za kuluma zimawonekera mwa aliyense m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Zonse zimatengera muyeso wa poizoni yemwe hermit adzapereke. Nthawi zambiri, nthawi yakuluma munthu siyimakhudzidwa, chifukwa kuluma kwa mawu opweteka kumakhala kofanana ndi kulimba kwa singano. Koma vuto lonse limakhala m'zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi malangizowo, chifukwa zimakhala ndi poizoni wa hemotoxic ndipo zimayambitsa necrosis ya pakhungu komanso minofu yolowerera.
Chithunzichi pamwambapa chikuwonetsa zilonda pakatha miyezi iwiri kuluma kwa kangaude. Zizindikiro zimayamba kuwonekera patatha maola awiri kapena asanu ndi atatu kuchokera pakuluma; kupweteka ndikumayamwa kumatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi zizindikiro zazikulu. Asayansi adachita kafukufuku anapeza kuti ndi hermit bite, khungu necrosis (ngati sichichiritsidwa) imayang'aniridwa mu 37% ya milandu, ndipo m'malo osowa kwambiri (ochepera 1%) adayambitsa hemolysis - kupindika kwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi.
M'malo mwake, prefix "hermit" mdzina la kangaude imalongosola kuti kangaude wa bulauni yekha samakhala wankhanza. Amaluma munthu nthawi zambiri. Pambuyo poyeserera, zinaonekeratu kuti kangaudeyu amagwiritsa ntchito poizoni wake kwa anthu pokhapokha ngati alibe chiyembekezo chilichonse ndipo atakula. Zotsatira za mayeserowa, zinaonekeratu kuti ngati m'busayo ali ndi mwayi wothawa, ndiye kuti amayamba kuthamanga, kenako ndikaluma.
Kuthandiza ndi kuluma
Choyamba, muyenera kuyesa kugwira chinthucho kuti madotolo azachipatala azitha kudziwa kuti ndi seramu iti yoti adzagwiritse ntchito. Ngati sizingatheke kugwira, ayezi amayikidwa pamalo olumidwa kuti achepetse kufalikira. Pambuyo pake, kapena nthawi yomweyo ndikusaka ayezi, amatcha chisamaliro chadzidzidzi. Koma nthawi zambiri, kuluma kumadutsa popanda zotsatira, kapena osazindikira.
Njira zopewera
Njira yayikulu yoyeserera ndi chidwi ndi chidwi, ndipo koposa zonse, kukhala mwamtendere m'nyumba. Zachidziwikire, ziribe kanthu momwe munthu angakhalire wamakhalidwe komanso womvera, amakhalabe munthu ndipo ndizosatheka kuneneratu chilichonse. Ndiye muyenera kuchita chiyani mukamalumidwa ndi kangaude?
Choyamba, muyenera kudzikoka nokha osachita mantha - gwiritsani kangaude womwe wakung'onongani kapena osachitapo chithunzi. Mutha kuchigwira ndikuphimba ndi mtsuko kapena bokosi. Izi ndizofunikira kuti adokotala azitha kuzindikira kangaude ndikusankha mankhwala oyenera.
Gawo lotsatira, ndikuyitanitsa dokotala, ndipo izi zikachitika, ndibwino kwa inu. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuyamba mwachangu chithandizo choyenera.
Dokotala ali panjira, mwina adzakuwuzani zomwe zikufunika kuchitika mwanjira inayake, ndipo muyenera kutsatira malangizo a akatswiri.
Ngati palibe malangizo omwe adalandilidwa, ndikofunikira, kuti musatayike, koma kuwunikira mozama momwe zinthu ziliri. Ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti poizoni sufalikira mthupi lonse m'magazi.
Amawoneka bwanji
Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri m'banjamo mawonekedwe amdima kumbuyo, mawonekedwe ofanana ndi violin ("Nkhosi" yawongoleredwa pansi). Ngakhale mawonekedwe oterewa amatha kupezekanso m'mitundu yomwe imagwirizana kwambiri ndipo ngakhale mwa ena oimira kangaude, ndimabowo a bulauni omwe nthawi zina amatchedwa Violin Spider - violin kangaude.
Koma momwe nyama yapoizoniyi imasiyanirana ndi abale ake ndi kuchuluka kwa maso. Akangaude ambiri ali ndi 8, ndipo hermit ali ndi 6: awiri awiri pakati ndi mbali ziwiri.
Nthawi zambiri miyendo ya Fiddleback Spider imasanjidwa pambiri, koma ngozi ikayandikira, imatenga chitetezo nthawi yomweyo: imakoka mbali zamkati, ikweza miyendo yachiwiri (miyendo yachiwiri) ndikukweza miyendo yakumbuyo kuti idumphe.
Amadya chiyani
Mosiyana ndi akangaude ena, zitsamba zofiirira sizimapanga maukonde osakira okhala ngati zingwe. Amadyetsa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timene timagwera mumisampha, chifukwa chake, kupanga zakudya sikovuta kwa hermits. Sizinadziwikebe kuti chifukwa chiyani chilengedwe chimafunikira kupatsa tizilombo tomwe timayamwa.
Kusaka
Kangaudeyu samalira ndikusaka kuti agwire kapena mwadzidzidzi awukire wothawirayo. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timakhala ngati nyama. Amawafunafuna usiku wokha. Atazindikira nyama, nyama yolusa imachepetsa kwambiri mtunda womwewo ndipo mwachangu imayambitsa sumu, ndikuziziritsa.
Ma sumu a kangaude ndi oopsa kwambiri, motero kufa kwa kachilombo kumachitika nthawi yomweyo. Kenako mtengowo umadyanso tinthu tinatake touluka, ndipo ngati ndi kotheka, timakoka zotsalazo. Usiku umodzi wokha, amatha kusaka katatu.
Zowopsa kwa anthu
Nyamayi imazolowera moyo wamunthu. Ma hermits a brown nthawi zambiri amatha kuwoneka m'malo owuma, ofunda komanso osowa kuchezeredwa ndi anthu: nyumba za chilimwe, nyumba zapaofesi, zipinda zapansi komanso zotchingira.
Kangaude amalowa m'nyumba kudzera pazenera, zitseko, ndi ming'alu pakati pa khoma. Panyumba yanyumba, amabisala pansi pa mipando, mipando, mabatire ndi zinthu zina zapakatikati. Ziwonetsero zokha sizomwe zimakhala zankhanza ndipo zimangogwira munthu pokhapokha mwadzidzidzi, pomwe adaphwanyidwa mwangozi kapena kulowa.
Mtsitsiyo amakhala ndi mbola yaying'ono ndipo sangadutse zovala zake. Nthawi zambiri, munthu samazindikira kuti adagwidwa ndi kangaude. Kuluma kwake kumamvanso chimodzimodzi ndi udzudzu, ndipo zotsatira zake zimadza patatha maola ochepa. Dera lomwe limavutikali limayamba kutupa komanso kusokonekera.
Hafu yabwino ya okhudzidwawo safunikira thandizo la kuchipatala, chifukwa chitetezo cha mthupi chimasankha mderalo momenyera. Mwambiri zovuta, necrosis imayamba. Awa ndi matenda osasangalatsa komanso oyipa, mukamayang'aniridwa ndi poizoni woopsa thupi amathamangitsa, nthawi yomweyo nkusokoneza magwiridwe antchito amanjenje.
Zimatenga nthawi yambiri kuchiza necrosis - kuyambira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi mpaka zaka zitatu. Muzovuta, nthenda yachiwiri imawonekera, ndipo mantha am'deralo adatha. Necrosis amasiya chilonda chakuya kwambiri.
Maola angapo mutalumidwa ndi kangaude, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zingaoneke:
- malungo
- arthralgia
- kuzizira
- kupweteka mutu kwambiri
- zotupa
- myalgia
- chizungulire
- mseru ndi kusanza,
- kufooka.
Zida Zangaude
Kuphatikiza pa njira zodzitetezera polimbana ndi nsungu ya bulawuni, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zina zowonjezera - mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Zotsalazo ndizokwanira m'masitolo apadera. Gulu limodzi limapangidwa kuti lizigwiritsidwa ntchito zapakhomo, ndipo linalo - malinga ndi zilolezo - pazosowa za mafakitale.
Njira yabwino ndikutembenukira kwa akatswiri: ntchito zaumoyo za anthu ndi makampani azinsinsi omwe amapereka ntchito zotere. Ngati izi sizingatheke, ndiye kuti mutha kukonzekera zokonzekera banja lanu.
Mankhwala othandiza kwambiri pakati pa ena, omwe akatswiri amalimbikitsa mwamphamvu, ndi Ciflutrin ndi Zipermetrin. Mankhwalawa onse ali m'gulu la ma pyrethroids (mankhwala ophera tizilombo) ndipo adziwonetsa okha polimbana ndi hermit ya bulauni. Iwo, mosiyana ndi zolengedwa zam'mbuyomu zam'mbuyomu, zimakhala ndi poizoni ndipo sizivulaza anthu.
Mankhwala amabwera mumtundu wa ufa ndi kupopera. Poyambirira, mapangidwe ake ayenera kuyikidwa mozungulira kuzungulira kwa chipindacho, komanso m'malo onse omwe mdani amawoneka. Ochulukitsa amapereka ntchito yayitali ya mankhwalawa. Utoto umagwiritsidwa ntchito mosasuntha kapena mwachindunji pa kangaude.
Chithandizo cha mankhwala ophera tizilombo chikuyenera kuchitika m'njira yoti mankhwalawa amakumana ndi tizirombo tambiri komanso maukonde awo momwe angathere. Mphukira zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupopera malo ozungulira a nyumba yogona: ma ebbs, ma cornices, zikhulupiriro zokongoletsera ndi zinthu zina zomwe kangaude angabisike.
Zinyalala zimayenera kumbalalika paming'alu, pansi pa plinths, mipando ndi zinthu zina zosunthika komanso zosasunthika zamkati. Muzovuta, kuteteza matenda oyamba kubwereza kuyenera kubwerezedwa kangapo.
Kodi amakhala kuti?
Ma hermits a Brown amakhala ku United States: kuyambira chapakati mpaka Gulf of Mexico, kudzera mzere kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Nebraska, kudutsa Iowa, Illinois, Indiana mpaka kumwera kwa Ohio, komanso kuchokera ku Texas kudutsa kumadzulo kwa Georgia ndi kumpoto kwa namwali. Mosiyana ndi zikhulupiriro zodziwika bwino ku California, kangaudeyu sanawonepo - abale ake okha ochokera ku banja la loxosceles amapezeka kumeneko, ndipo kuzilumba za Hawaii - the red loxosceles rufescens. Mu 70s ya zaka zapitazi, Loxosceles reclusa wochokera ku United States adawonetsedwa ku Australia.
Kwa moyo wake wonse, kangaude wa bulauni amabisala ngodya zobisika: pakati pa mizu yamitengo, pansi pa miyala, m'miyala ya nyama. Koma pankhani yachitukuko cha anthu okhala malo okhala okhazikika, akangaude awa adayenera kusintha moyo wawo. Pang'onopang'ono, adazolowera ndipo adayamba kumverera ngati anthu oyandikana ndi anthu, kukhazikika m'zipinda zapansi, garage, ma shes, anticulo ndi zimbudzi, komanso mobisa - m'malo oyesa zinyalala. Nthawi zambiri mafinya amayandikira kwa munthu: amalowa m'zipinda ndi nyumba, amathawira m'mabokosi az nsapato, pansi pa mipando, kumbuyo kwa mabatani. Amakonda malo omwe kuli nthawi yamadzulo komanso mtengo.
Zithandizo za anthu
Monga njira ina yopangira mankhwala, wowerengeka azitsamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Koma apa muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti kuphatikiza kwa njira zotere ndi dongosolo la kukula. Zoterezi zimatchedwa m'malo zopewera. Koma mosiyana ndi umagwirira waukali, mankhwala azitsamba ndi otetezeka kwathunthu kwa anthu.
Polimbana ndi akangaude, adakhala abwino Zipatso za malalanje. Ndikokwanira kufalitsa masamba a lalanje kapena mandimu m'makona, pafupi ndi mabedi ndi malo omwe amakhala ndi mizukwa ndi akangaude azitha kuwadutsa. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito buluzi ndi mtengo wa tiyi mafuta ofunikirawokhala ndi sosi.
Zatsopano komanso zouma zimathandiza kwambiri. peppermint. Akangaude sangalekerere fungo la ma hazelnuts ndi ma chestnut amahatchi. Pukuta pansi mutha kuwonjezeredwa ndi sopo wa viniga. Fungo lamanyazi liziwopseza osati olimbana ndi arthropod okha, komanso ntchentche, nyerere ndi tizilombo tina zovulaza.
Chomwe chikuwopseza munthu kukumana ndi Loxosceles reclusa ndi chiyani?
Poyerekeza ndi anthu, kangaude wa hermit sakhala wankhanza. Tizilombo timeneti nthawi zambiri siziwononga chinthu chachikulu kuposa iwo, ndipo zimaluma kamodzi podziteteza. Nthawi zambiri, kachilombo koyambitsa matenda kameneka kamapatsira anthu omwe ananyalanyaza ndi kusokoneza kangaude mu "mink" wake, mwachitsanzo, pakama, pachipinda, nsapato, kapena kwinakwake. Kangaudeyu amawona zakudutsazo ngati njira yoyeserera gawo lake ndikuukira. Monga lamulo, mikono, khosi kapena m'mimba pang'ono zimalumidwa.
Zochita kuluma?
Mukangoluma, ndikofunikira kupewa msanga kufalikira: chiritsani bala ndi antiseptic, ikani madzi oundana ndipo nthawi yomweyo pitani kuchipatala. Ngati dzanja likukhudzidwa, liyenera kupatsidwa malo okwezeka. Ndikofunika kugwira kangaude, kuyiyika mu chidebe chotsekedwa mwamphamvu ndikuwonetsa kwa dokotala kuti adziwe.
M'mbuyomu, madokotala adachotsa minofu yowonongeka ndi kuluma, koma tsopano mankhwalawa amachitika m'njira zofatsa: kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya mahomoni othandizira komanso maantibayotiki.
Ndi chithandizo chakanthawi, ma anti-sumu amamu amagwiritsidwanso ntchito.
Pali njira zambiri zochiritsira kuluma kosiyanasiyana kosiyanasiyana: dapsone, antihistamines, nitroglycerin, vasodilators, heparin, komanso ngakhale magetsi. Palibe njira iliyonse yomwe idachitidwire maphunziro apadera kuti idziwe kuti ikuyenda bwino. Nthawi zambiri, zotsatira za kuluma kwa kangaude wa bulawuni amathanso kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala achikhalidwe.
Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi mafotokozedwe
Chithunzi: Brown Hermit Spider
Maonekedwe a arachnids oyambirawa adachokera ku nthawi ya Dyoneya - komabe, sanali mitundu yonse yomwe ili padziko lapansi pano. Arachnids amasintha mwachangu, chifukwa chake, mitundu yakale imafa, koma osati monga choncho, koma kusintha ndikupereka zina.
Ma arachnids akale kwambiri adakhala zolengedwa zoyenda panyanja zoyandikira, kukhazikika pamenepo, ndipo nyama zina zikafikira, adayamba kukhala ndi moyo wofuna kusangalala. Kusiyana kwakukulu kuchokera kwa zolengedwa zina zamtundu wawo kunali tsamba lawo, lopangidwa ndi tiziwiti tomwe timatsika kuchokera m'modzi mwa miyendo.
Ndi kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti pomwe zimatsimikizika pomwe makolo a kangaude adachitika: zazing'ono kwambiri, zimangogwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira cocoon, pomwe omwe akutukuka amapeza njira zina - mwachitsanzo, amapanga ma network kapena kupanga zisa. Kangaude wa bulauni wamtundu wa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ukonde wokha wa coco.
Vidiyo: Brown Hermit Spider
Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti mitunduyiyo ndi yakalekale - monga mitundu yonse ya arachnids, sinawonekeke kale kwambiri, zaka makumi mamiliyoni zapitazo, zochepa chabe zasintha poyerekeza ndi makolo ake akale. Mwambiri, kusinthika kwa akangaude sikunaphunzire pang'ono ndipo kufufuza kwina ndikofunikira.
Asayansi sanakhazikitse modalirika momwe unyolo wawo ambiri amapangira, kuphatikiza akangaude. Ndizodziwikiratu kuti moyo wa kangaude wa bulauni ndi wofanana ndi makolo ake akale - ndizotheka kuti adafunikira poyizoni wamphamvu motsutsana ndi zolengedwa zina zomwe zidasowa kale, chifukwa chake wadalipobe mpaka pano. Mtunduwu wafotokozedwa mu 1940 ndi V. Gerch ndi S. Mulayk. Analandira dzina lasayansi Loxosceles reclusa, lomwe limaperekedwa ku banja la Sicariidae.
Kodi kangaude wa bulawuni amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Kangaude wa brown hermit ku Turkey
Malo okhalamo makulu kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa United States kuchokera ku Illinois ndi Nebraska kupita ku Texas ndi Virginia. Ku California, mutha kumakumana nthawi ndi nthawi komanso m'nyumba zokha. M'magawo omwe ali pamtundu wotchulidwa, zimachitika nthawi zambiri.
M'malo ena nthawi zambiri - nthawi zina kuchitika kwa kangaude kumachitika. Amatha kupezeka kunja kwa malo osankhidwa, koma nthawi zambiri, kokha ngati atamulowetsa mwangozi. Amatha kukhala m'malo osiyanasiyana achilengedwe, kotero kuti ngakhale akamayendera amapezeka m'malo akutali, mwachitsanzo, ku Europe, amapulumuka.
Pali umboni kuti adatenga mizu ku Africa ndi South America. Kuphatikiza apo, m'zaka zaposachedwa kwadziwika kwambiri ku Australia, ndizotheka kuti lathandizira padziko lonse lapansi. Malinga ndi momwe malo okhala akangaude awa kunja kwa North America sanakhazikitsidwe modalirika, zambiri zokhudzana ndi iwo ndizopezeka.
Monga malo okhalamo, imakonda chipinda, chabwino ngati chili chotentha komanso chowuma. Nthawi yomweyo, sanamuyitane iye kuti azingogwiritsa ntchito pachabe, koma chifukwa sakonda kampani ndipo amakonda kukhala mzipinda zongotayidwa, kapena osangokhala, monga nyumba zanyengo, zipinda zapansi kapena nyumba zapamwamba.
Sichikhala chopinga ngakhale chipinda sichinaphunzitsidwe: kangaude wofatsa amatha kupulumuka nyengo yozizira kwambiri yozizira m'malo ake. Komabe, samakonda kuzizira, chifukwa chake m'malo okhala nthawi yozizira amathanso kuyenda kudzera pazitseko kapena pazenera.
Amakonzekera kubisala kwa anthu ndikukhala m'malo obisika: kuseri kwa matabwa olumphira, mipando, mabatire. Imatha kukhala patali ndi nyumba, m'malo osiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, pathanthwe kapena pansi pa mitengo.
Tsopano mukudziwa komwe kangaude wakuda amakhala. Tiyeni tiwone chomwe iye ali.
Kodi kangaude wa bulauzi amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Brown Hermit Spider
Kusaka kumayambitsa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tating'ono, tating'ono kwambiri kuposa iye, nthawi zambiri kwambiri. Izi ndichifukwa choti samakhazikitsa maukonde osakira, koma osaka popanda iwo: iye amalondera nyama, ndipo pambuyo pake amalimbana nayo ndikuluma, ndi kubaya poizoni. Popanda kuthandizidwa ndi maukonde, zimamuvuta kuthana ndi ziweto zazikulu - zimatha kukhala zowopsa.
Pazakudya zake:
- midges yaying'ono
- udzudzu
- mole
- akangaude ang'onoang'ono, kuphatikiza amitundu,
- ndi zolengedwa zofananira.
Pakuluma, wozunzidwayo amalumala nthawi yomweyo, ndipo sangathenso kukaniza - ndipo nthawi zambiri amafa pang'onopang'ono, popeza poizoni mu kangaudeyu ndi wamphamvu kwambiri. Njira yosaka iyi sigwirabe ntchito kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti, chifukwa chake kangaude wa hermit nthawi zina amayenera kukhala wopanda chakudya kwa nthawi yayitali.
Thupi lake limazolowera izi - amatha kusunga zakudya zam'tsogolo kwa masabata angapo kapenanso mwezi ndi theka patsogolo. Imasaka usiku, nthawi zambiri imakhala m'malo obisala masana - sakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa ndipo amayesetsa kupewa.
Chosangalatsa: Ululu wa kangaude nthawi zambiri umakhala wowopsa mpaka chakudya chofunikira. Chifukwa chake, kangaude wadyera tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta ntchentche, ndikokwanira kuti tizithamangitsa. Kangaudeyu akayamba, mphamvu yake imakhala ndi poizoni.
Koma ndi mtunduwu, chilichonse ndi chosiyana kotheratu: chimapangira zolengedwa zochepa kwambiri, koma poizoni wake ndiwowopsa ngakhale kwa anthu - ndipo makamaka saopa poizoni wa kangaude wina aliyense. Kwa ochita kafukufuku, sizikudziwika kuti ndi zifukwa ziti panthawi ya chisinthiko, adayamba kupanga poyizoni wamphamvu.
Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo
Chithunzi: Kangaude wa brown hermit waku Russia
Nthawi zonse amayesetsa kukhala pawekha kuti asasokonezedwe. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale atakhala m'chipindacho, samapezeka kwinakwake pamalo owonekera, pokhapokha ngati akusaka. Munthawi yake, imatha kuchoka kutali ndi chisa, makamaka ngati sichikhala m'nyumba, koma zachilengedwe.
Ngati malo omwe akukhala akukhala pang'ono, amatha kupita kwina. Koma kuyenda kwakutali kosaka kwenikweni ndi kwamphongo, ndiosavuta kusuntha, koma zazikazi ndizosavuta kukwera ndikuwononga pafupifupi nthawi yonse mchisa, kuyesera kuti zisayandikire.
Popeza amakonda kubisala kwa anthu ndipo amagwira ntchito usiku, nthawi zambiri zimatha kukumana naye usiku, akafuna kusaka - kangaude nthawi zambiri amaluma anthu ndendende chifukwa amawasokoneza posazindikira mumdima. Kangaude amatha kupezeka m'bokosi lomwe lili ndi nsapato kapena mkabati, ndipo nthawi zina kusaka kumatha kumugoneka.
Ngati sakumana ndi anthu, ndiye kuti amakhala ndi moyo wa kangaude kwa nthawi yayitali - pafupifupi zaka 3-4, nthawi zina amatha kufikira zaka 6. Munthawi imeneyi, wamkazi amakwaniritsa kuyikira mazira nthawi zambiri, ndiye kuti mukangosiya kangaude wa hermit, nthawi ina mutha kupeza kuti ali kale banja lonse - chifukwa chake, ndibwino kumalimbana nawo nthawi yomweyo, osadikira mpaka alipo ambiri.
Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Poizoni Brown Hermit Spider
Pafupifupi nthawi zonse zimakhala zokhazokha, komabe, kuthekera kwapangidwe kwamagulu sikumasiyidwa. Zomwe zimakhalira kuti ma kangaudewa nthawi zambiri amapewa gulu la anthu obadwa kumene nthawi zina zimayamba kukhala m'magulu, komanso zazikulu, mpaka kukhazikika.
Koma mutha kungodandaula za eni malo omwe gulu loterolo lakhazikika: zimakhala zovuta kwambiri komanso zowopsa kulimbana nazo, pali zochitika zina zowukira, ndipo kwa eni ake nthawi zina zimatha mwachisoni, chifukwa mawanga awa ndi owopsa kwambiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zambiri samakonda kuukira anthu, ndipo zolengedwa zilizonse kupatula nyama: zimaluma pokhapokha ngati zikhulupirira kuti zinagwidwa. Vuto apa ndikuti chifukwa cha kangaude kakang'ono, anthu nthawi zina samazindikira - komanso chifukwa misonkhano nthawi zambiri imachitika mumdima.
Mwachitsanzo, kangaude amatha kulingalira ngati wavulala ndi mkono kapena mwendo. Kuphatikiza apo, zachikazi zimatha kukhala zankhanza kwambiri ngati munthu ali pafupi ndi chisa chawo ndi zomanga - amatha kuluma ngakhale atapanda kuchita nkhanza.
Kuberekanso kumatha kuchitika kangapo pachaka - ukamadzala, mkaziyo amaikira mazira mu cocoon, angapo, nthawi zina mpaka makumi asanu. Pambuyo pake, amakhala pafupi nthawi zonse ndikusunga omanga, ngakhale atasiya kusaka. Pambuyo pomaswa, akangaudewo amakula mwachangu, ndipo pafupifupi mwezi umodzi amayamba kukhala payokha. Amafika pachaka pafupifupi chaka chimodzi.
Adani achilengedwe a butha wa hermit
Chithunzi: Choyipa cha Brown Hermit Spider
Ngakhale izi ndizovuta kwambiri komanso zowopsa, pali otsutsa ena ochulukirapo, oopsa omwe saopa poizoni wake, akudya kale.
Izi zikuphatikiza:
Akakhala zachilengedwe, amakumana ndi zoopsa zambiri, ndichifukwa chake, ngakhale atabereka bwino, kuchuluka kwa kangaude wa sinamoni amakhalabe okhazikika - ambiri aiwo amaphedwa ndi adani.
Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa akangaude achichepere, nyama zosavuta kudya zimatha kusaka izi kuposa momwe zakhalira kale, zomwe zidaphunzira kubisala komanso kudzitchinjiriza, ndipo zomwe zakhala zikuluzikulu zowopsa za mberere. Kupatula apo, kusaka kosakwanira kwa kangaude wakuphayo kungachititse kuti mlenjeyo aphedwe!
Koma m'zipinda, ndizowopsa zochepa kwa iwo, chifukwa akangaude awa amatha kuchulukana mwachangu. Akangaude ena amakhala mdani woopsa kwambiri mwa iwo, chifukwa ngakhale gululi ndi kangaude wowopsa kwa munthu, mwa malingaliro a akangaude ena ambiri ndi ochepa kukula, otsika mu dexterity ndi mphamvu.
Chifukwa chake, kukhalapo kwa akangaude osavulaza m'nyumba kungakhale kothandiza. Mwachitsanzo, opanga nsipu ndi othandiza kwambiri polimbana ndi zitsamba, zopanda vuto lililonse kwa anthu. Komanso pakati pa adani a kangaude wa bulawuni wofiirira, mwachilengedwe, anthu omwe.
Popeza ndiowopsa, nthawi zambiri amamenyerana nawo, pogwiritsa ntchito poizoni kuti awachotsere m'nyumba kapena m'zipinda zothandizira. Kuchotsedwa kwawo mnyumba ku US akuti ndi gawo limodzi la kangaude uwu ndi imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu za akatswiri azolamulira tizilombo.
Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu
Chithunzi: Brown Hermit Spider
Ngakhale malowa siali ochulukirapo ndipo amangoyala zigawo zakumwera chakum'mawa kwa United States, zili ndi anthu ambiri amtunduwu, malinga ndi ambiri okhala m'mabomawa.
Chifukwa chake kuchuluka kwawo ndikwakukulu ndipo palibe chomwe chikuwopseza iwo - iwowo sangofa, ndipo sizivuta kuwatulutsa. Mankhwalawa amayamba chifukwa cha kubereka kwawo mopitilira muyeso: mwachitsanzo, pali umboni kuti kuchuluka kwa kangaude wa bulauni kakulidwe kumakula kwambiri m'malo omwe adayambitsidwapo.
Pali chiwopsezo kuti chithandizika kudera latsopanoli, komanso ngakhale m'maiko ena, ndikuyamba kuchulukana kumeneko. Poganizira zoopsa zake, chitukuko chotere ndi chosayenera kwambiri, chifukwa chimakhala chovuta kuthana nacho pamene chikufalikira.
Chosangalatsa: Ku USA, anthu pafupifupi 7,000 amavutika ndi kulumwa kwa kangaudeyu chaka chilichonse. Poizoni wake ndiowopsa, pomwe poyamba kuluma kumawoneka ngati kochepa - nthawi zambiri pamakhala kuti palibe zopweteka, ndipo amafananizidwa ndi udzudzu. Imayamba kupweteka pambuyo pa maola 3-4, ndipo zotsatira zoyipa zambiri zimachitika pambuyo pa maola 7-8.
Zizindikiro: nseru, kufooka ndi chizungulire, kupweteka kwa mutu - zonsezi zikuwonetsa poizoni. Ngati kangaude wolumayo akuwoneka ngati mbulu wa bulauni, simungathe kudikirira kuti mupeze zizindikiro - muyenera kupita kuchipatala, chifukwa pakakhala kuti palibe chithandizo chamanthawi yake, necrosis ndiyothekanso kuti zonse zitha kutha.
Zovuta kuswana komanso kuswana mwachangu kangaude wamahaki - Mmodzi mwa anthu osakhala owopsa osadziwika omwe amakhala m'deralo ndi anthu. Chifukwa chake, kukhala m'malo omwe mukukhalamo kuyenera kusamala, ndipo kuluma nthawi yomweyo funsani kwa dokotala - iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yoletsa kuyambika kwa zotsatira zosasangalatsa.
Zizindikiro zake komanso kuluma
Kuluma kwa kangaude wa bulauni kulibe vuto. Kuchokera kumayambiriro kwa zisonyezo zoyambirira, zimatha kutenga maola atatu mpaka 8 (nthawi yayitali - maola 6). Malowa amayamba kutupira, kuyamwa, kuwonda, kenako kupweteka ndi kuwotchedwa.
Mothandizidwa ndi poizoni, ziwiya zimapanikizika, kufa ndi njala kwa minyewa (ischemia) kumayamba. Malo olumidwa amasandulika buluu. Papule yaying'ono yokhala ndi mafinya imawoneka pansi pa khungu, kenako ina.
Amalumikizana, ndikupanga chikhodzodzo chimodzi chachikulu, chomwe kenako chimatsegula ndikuwonetsa minyewa yolowera.
Pambuyo pa maola 12 mpaka 24, mutha kuonekeranso zizindikilo za mu thupi (loxoscelism).:
- malungo
- nseru,
- kufooka
- kusanza
- kupweteka kwa minofu ndi minyewa.
Mpheta lomwe umakhala ndi poizoni kwambiri, limakhala ndi zotsatirapo zake zakuluma. Ngati mwana wosakwanitsa zaka 7, munthu wofooka thupi kapena wokalamba wavulala, ndiye kuti zotsatira zake zakupha.
Zoyambitsa zazikulu za kufa kuchokera kwa kangaude:
- kuchepa kwa magazi kwa hemolytic
- hemoglobinuria - chizindikiro chachikulu chifukwa cha kutulutsidwa kwa hemoglobin kunja kwa ziwiya. Zizindikiro: mkodzo wakuda, jaundice, kupweteka kwapawiri,
- kulephera kwa aimpso.
Nthawi zambiri, zonse zimatha m'masabata atatu, koma pali njira inanso yothandizira kukhazikitsidwa kwa zochitika - minofu necrosis (10% ya milandu). Katemera wakomweko sangathe kupirira, poizoni akupitilizabe kuwononga mawonekedwe a ma cell. Izi zikuchitika mwachangu. M'masiku ochepa chabe, chilondacho chimatha kufika mainchesi oposa 25 cm.
Zochita zoyipa kwambiri pakuluma kwa kangaude kumapezeka m'malo okhala ndi adipose minofu: matako, ntchafu, m'mimba. Ndikuluma m'khosi, kutsekeka (chotchinga, edema) cham'mapapo kupuma kotheka.
Woopsa zilonda zam'mimba (zilonda zam'magazi) zomwe sizichiritsa kwa miyezi ingapo. Kunja, chilondacho chikuwoneka ngati malo akuda okhala ndi malire achikasu oyera ndi m'mphepete.
Matendawa amatchedwa "necrotic arachnoidism." Zimatenga miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kuti muchiritsidwe, ndipo ngati minyewa yolumikizana imakhudzidwa, ndiye kuti chithandizo chitha kutenga mpaka zaka zitatu. Pambuyo pake, mabala okhumudwa amakhalabe.
Thandizo loyamba
Choyamba thandizo kuluma kwa kangaude:
- khazikitsani gawo lowonongeka la thupi,
- ikani phwando
- yesani kufinya sumu
- kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, madzi a mandimu.
Onetsetsani kuti mukuyitanitsa dokotala ndipo, ngati zingatheke, gwiritsani kangaude mum'chombo. Palibe zovuta, ma compress ndi makonzedwe a analgesics ofooka ndikokwanira.
Njira zopewera
Njira zingapo zodzitetezera ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti tisalowe ndi kangaude pa malo oopsa.:
- tulutsani zovala ndi nsapato musanadziveke, ndipo ndibwino kuzisunga mumavuto apadera,
- kunyamula nkhuni ndi kuphatikizira ngodya zamdima zokhazokha ndi magolovesi,
- osasungira mabokosi akale, samayang'ana zaukhondo m'malo opezeka anthu, atha kupezeka nthawi zonse pansi pa mabedi ndi kuseri kwa makabati,
- Nthawi zambiri gwiritsirani ntchito zipinda zapansi ndi ma garage,
- pamanja kupha akangaude kokha motalikirapo: nyuzipepala yosanjidwa, swatter ntchentche.
Kangaude (bulaya) wa bulangeti ndi kakang'ono, kotero sangathe kuluma zovala zake, koma khungu lopanda kanthu limawonongeka mosavuta.
Ma Hermits amalowa mosavuta m ming'alu yomwe ili pansi pazitseko, pazitseko zenera, kudzera pazitsulo zamagetsi, motero ndikofunika kuwateteza ndi ukonde wa udzudzu.
Spider zomwe zikupezeka muzowoneka bwino mnyumba zimayenera kuwonongedwa kuti zibereke, komanso kugundana ndi ana ndi ziweto.
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani. Tidzakonza, ndipo mudzakhala ndi + karma