Maonekedwe ndi machitidwe. Chiwombankhanga chachikulu kwambiri m'chigawo chathu chachiwiri ndi chachiwiri kwa mimbulu ndi chiwombankhanga choyera. Kutalika kwa thupi 75-93 masentimita, mapiko ndi masentimita 180-240. Mwamuna akulemera makilogalamu 2.8-4.6, wamkazi - 3.6-6.7 makilogalamu. Zolimbitsa thupi ndi zamphamvu, koma osati zazikulu. Mchirawo ndi wowongoka pang'ono - malekezero a mapiko opindidwa a mbalame yokhalamo sofika m'mphepete mwa mchira. "Mathalauza" m'miyendo amapangika bwino, miyendo ndi yamphamvu kwambiri. Mlomo ndi waukulu, wokwera. Utawaleza ndi wakuda bii m'madzi ndi mbalame zazing'ono ndi bulauni wagolide wamwamuna.

Kufotokozera. Mbalame yachikulire, kumtunda kwa mutu, nape ndi khosi kumakhala kovutirapo kapena golide; zimawoneka kuti "nthenga" wagolide wa nthenga zopindika amaponyedwera mbalameyo. Mphumi, chifuwa, pakhosi lakuda. Mchira wake ndi imvi ndi pamwamba pamdima komanso mikwingwirima yopumira, undercoat ndiyopweteketsa. Zina mwa plumageyo ndi zofiirira, zina zopepuka, zimakhala ndi dongo pamapewa ndi mapiko apamwamba. Mbalame zazing'ono, mosiyana ndi chiwombankhanga china chaching'ono, ndizofanana ndi achikulire amtundu, koma zowala komanso zosiyana - zofiirira zakuda ndi "mane" wofiyira, mchira woyera wokhala ndi pamwamba wakuda, "mipata" yoyera pamapiko. Nthawi zina pamakhala timitanda yoyera pamimba.

Mukuvala kwapakatikati, mchirawo umayamba kuduwa, khosi ndi mapiko apamwamba amawala, minda yoyera pamapiko imasowa. Chiwombankhanga chagolide chovala chomaliza cha zaka 6 za moyo. Kuchokera ku chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi mbewa yoyera pamtundu uliwonse, chiwombankhanga chagolide chimasiyanitsidwa ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono kwambiri, mbalame zopanga utoto, mulomo wamtali kwambiri, osati mchira wozungulira, komanso kuchokera ku chiwombankhanga chokulirapo - maziko akuda kwambiri, mulomo wakuda, mutu wamkhosi ndi khosi (pansi pamdima).

Kuphatikiza pa manda akuluwo, chiwombankhanga chachikulire chimasiyanitsidwa ndi kusiyanasiyana kwapadera, kuchokera ku chiwombankhanga china chachikuru, m'malo mwake, ndi mitundu yosiyanitsa. Imakwera m'mwamba kwambiri, mosiyana ndi chiwombankhanga china chachikulu pakuuluka ndi mapiko ataliitali, yomwe imakwezedwa pang'ono pamwamba pa khwangwala ndikugugudika kutsogolo, ndi mchira wotalikirapo. Mbali yakumapeto kwa mapikoyo imakhala yozungulira, “zala” za nthenga 1 zouluka nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazifupi kuposa zazomwe zimadya ena, kupatula mphungu ndi mimbulu.

Akuluakulu, mawanga odabwitsa a diagonal okhala pamapiko apamwamba komanso kukokomeza kwakung'ono kwa ntchentche ndi nthenga zawo kumawonekera mosiyanasiyana. Mbalame yaing'onoyo ili ndi minda yoyera m'munsi mwa nthenga, zowoneka pamwambapa ndi pansi, komanso mchira wosiyana. Kuphatikizika uku sikufanana ndi ziwombankhanga zina zazikulire ndi zazing'ono zaku Europe Russia.

Voterani. Kufuula kwakukulu "kyak-kyak-kyak", Melodic okwera kwambiri.

Mkhalidwe Wogawa. Mitundu yoswanayi imakhala yambiri ku Eurasia - kuyambira m'nkhalango-tundra mpaka ku Himalaya ndi Arabia, komanso North Africa ndi North America. Kulikonse komwe amagawidwa kwambiri. Ku Russia, amakhala kumalire akumadzulo kupita ku Kamchatka, m'malo ambiri a ku Europe ochepa chisa, amapezeka ku Caucasus. Chiwerengero chikuchepa chifukwa cha nkhawa, kusowa kwa chakudya, komanso kusinthika kwa malo okhala makolo. Kuphatikizidwa ndi Red Red of Russia ndi mayiko ambiri aku Europe.

Moyo. Mitundu yokhazikika, imasamukira kumwera nthawi yachisanu kokha kuchokera kumapeto kwa kumpoto kwa mtunduwo. Amatsata malo opingasa, mapiri (olembedwa pamtunda wa mamita 5,500 pamwamba pa nyanja), mapiri, m'dera la taiga - kunja kwa nsapato zapamwamba. Zimapezekanso poyendayenda m'malo owuma. Amapewa kupezeka kwa anthu.

Maziko azakudya ndi ma hares, agologolo pansi, pansi, mbalame zazikulu. Kuukira bwino kwa nkhandwe, agwape, capercaillie, atsekwe kunadziwika. Nthawi zambiri amadya zovalazo, makamaka nthawi yozizira. Gawo losakira la awiriwa litha kukhala ndi malo opitilira 100 km 2. Imayamba kubereka usanakwanitse zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi, nthawi zina osapeza chovala chomaliza. Chiwombankhanga chagolide chikuyamba kuswana kudera losatha malinga ndi kutalikirana kwa malowa kuyambira mwezi wa February mpaka Epulo, masewera okongola a mlengalenga omwe ali ndi ma take-offs ndi ma dives ndi chikhalidwe.

Pawiri pali chisa pamitu ya mitengo yakale, pamagetsi ndi m'miyala yamiyala, pamiyala yosinthira mphamvu kapena pa nsanja zazitali. Zisa zamuyaya za nthambi zamtundu wautali zimatha kulowa mpaka mita 1-2, kutalika komweku mu zinyalala - ubweya, nthenga, manyowa, nthambi zobiriwira. Mu clutch nthawi zambiri mumakhala mazira awiri oyera omwe ali ndi mawanga amdima, achikazi amadzitchinjiriza (wamwamuna - nthawi zina) kwa masiku 38-45, mavalidwe onse oyamba ali oyera, mbalame zazing'ono zimatuluka mu chisa pakatha zaka 10 mpaka 11. Nthawi zambiri, mwana wakhanda m'modzi yekha ndi amene amatsala asananyamuke. Pa chisa, makolo amakhala osamala kwambiri ndipo, monga lamulo, samawonetsa mkwiyo kwa munthu.

Komwe mphungu zagolide zimakhala

Golden Eagles amakhala m'malo ambiri ku Asia, Africa, Europe ndi ku America konse. Madera ambiri okhala ndi mapiri amasankhidwa monga malo okhala, ngakhale amapezekanso kumapeto. Popeza chiwombankhanga chagolide chikufunafuna nyama kuthambo, chimakonda mwayi wotseguka. Miyoyo yakutali ndi anthu, m'maiko ambiri chiwombankhanga chagolide chimalembedwa mu Red Book ngati mtundu womwe uli pangozi.

Zomwe zimadya chiwombankhanga chagolide

Chiwombankhanga chagolide ndi mbalame yodya nyama ndipo motero chakudya chachikulu chomwe chimadya ndicho nyama zingapo zazing'ono, nthawi zambiri izi zimakhala makoswe osiyanasiyana: mbewa zam'munda, makoswe, agologolo pansi, zitseko, mavu, martens, agologolo. Nthawi zina chiwombankhanga chachikulu chagolide chimagwira ngakhale nyama zazikulu ngati nkhandwe, agwape, ana amphongo ngakhale nkhosa. Osadandaula kuti amasangalala ndi mbalame zina zazing'ono, monga nkhunda, abakha, heron, mapale, owala, atsekwe.

Ndizosangalatsa kuti zofuna za tsiku ndi tsiku za chiwombankhanga chagolide ndi 1.5 makilogalamu. Komabe, amatha kukhala ndi njala mpaka masabata asanu.

Momwe ungasakira chiwombankhanga chagolide

Chikhalidwe chakusaka chiwombankhondo chagolide chimatengera nyengo. Chifukwa chake nyengo yodziwikiratu, chiwombankhanga chagona m'mwamba, chikufunafuna nyama yake ndi maso ake abwino, ndipo ikaonekera m'masomphenyawo, chiwombankhanga chagolide chimathamanga mwachangu, ndikugwira wolakwayo ndi zala zake khumi, kuthyoka msana kapena kumenya ndi mulomo wakuthwa, kuthyoka mitsempha yamagazi, ndi kunyamula wakufayo kale. ku chisa chanu. Nyengo ikakhala yotentha, chiwombankhanga chagolide chimadikirira kudya kwawo pomabisalira atakhala pamwamba pa mitengo. Ndiponso, nyama yabwino ikawoneka pafupi, imagwirira ntchito limodzi - kutaya mwachangu, kunyamula, ndi zina ...

Adani a Chiwombankhanga Chagolide

Popeza chiwombankhanga chagolide chimakhala chamtundu wanthawi yayitali kwambiri, m'malo a chilengedwe sichikhala ndi mdani, mumkhola wa chakudya mumakhala gawo lolumikizana kwambiri. Choopseza chokha kwa iye, ndizachidziwikire, munthu, ndipo osati chifukwa choti amatha kusaka chiwombankhanga chagolide, koma chifukwa choti chiwombankhanga chagolide sichikhala malo amtundu wa anthu ndipo, ngakhale atasokonezeka, amatha kusiya chisa ndi anapiye.

Kubwezeretsedwanso kwa Golden Eagles

Ziwombankhanga zagolide ndi mbalame zodziwika bwino; zimakhalabe zokhulupirika pa moyo wawo wonse, pakadali kuti nzawo akwatirana. Ndikosangalatsa kuti chiwombankhanga chilichonse chagolide chimakhala ndi zisa ziwiri m'malo osiyanasiyana momwe zimawulukira mosiyanasiyana pachaka.

Nthawi yakukhwima kwa chiwombankhanga chagolide imayamba nthawi yoyambira mwezi wa February mpaka Epulo, pomwe abulu amapanga ndege zapadera kutsogolo kwa akazi: kuti akagwere osankhidwa awo, amachita ma aerobatics osiyanasiyana. Izi zikhoza kukhala, mwachitsanzo, kuwuluka ngati mafunde, pomwe chiwombankhanga chagolide wayamba kutalika, kenako nkugwera pansi, pansi kenako nkutalikiranso motero.

Yaikazi imayikira mazira mkati mwa Epulo, pachimake chimodzi pafupifupi mazira 1-3. Wamphongo ndi wamkazi amawaswa iwo mosinthana kwa masiku 45. Kenako anapiye amabadwa ali mayi pang'ono kuwadyetsa, ndipo abambo amabweretsa nyama. Ana amphongo amtundu wagolide amakula ndikukula mwachangu, ndipo pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi amalekanitsidwa ndi makolo awo.

Kuyambira kale, anthu ankaweta mbalame zamtunduwu ngati zothandizira kusaka. Ndipo ngakhale kukonza ma chiwombankhanga agolide ali mu ukapolo sikophweka, komabe, kusaka kosasangalatsa ndi kutengapo gawo kumalipirira mavuto. Mbalame zazing'ono nthawi zambiri zimasankhidwa kuti ziphunzitsidwe, pang'onopang'ono zimazunza. Chifukwa chake, mlenjeyo wavala chikopa cha pakhungu, amaika chiwombankhanga chagolide ndikukwera mozungulira mzinda ndi iye, izi zimachitika kuti mbalame imazolowera mawu komanso kuyang'ana anthu.

Nthawi yomweyo, chiwombankhanga chagolide chimakhala chochepa mu chakudya, amachidyetsa tsiku lililonse, nthawi yomweyo amachipha chiweto chokhazikika.

Zosangalatsa zokhudza chiwombankhanga chagolide

• Chiwombankhanga chagolide chimakhala ndi masomphenya amtundu, chimatha kusiyanitsa mitundu, monganso munthu, kwenikweni, mtundu woterewu ndi kupezeka kwanyama.
• Pakati pa chiwombankhanga chagolide pali zinthu monga kudya nyama, nthawi zambiri ndikusowa chakudya, mwana wamkuluyo amapha ndikudya wamng'ono.
• Chithunzi cha chiwombankhanga chagolide chimawonekera pamachinjiro ambiri adziko lapansi (ngakhale kwa ife, akuUkraine, mwatsoka, mawu oti "chiwombankhanga chagolide" amatengera tanthauzo loipa pokhudzana ndi zochitika zodziwika bwino zaposachedwa).