Nsomba zodzipatula zimatchedwa nsomba zomwe sizimayikira mazira pomwe zimatulutsa, koma zimabereka kuti ziziphika mwachangu, zogwirizana kale ndi chilengedwe.

Koma njirayi sitha kutchedwa kubadwa kwamoyo, monga nyama zapamwamba. Mwachangu chimodzimodzi kwa nthawi yayitali amapangidwa ndikukula m'mazira omwe amakhala m'mimba mwa amayi. Pambuyo pokhapo iwo amabadwa. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zina nsomba sizimatchedwa viviparous, ngati nyama zapamwamba, koma ovoviviparous. Ziweto zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kupirira komanso kusasamala mu chisamaliro.

Goody

Banja la Gundeev ndi gawo losinthika pakati pa nsomba kumayikira mazira ndi zolengedwa zamoyo. Amakhala m'mitsinje yamapiri ku Mexico. Dzinali limaperekedwa polemekeza ichthyologist D. Goode.

Mu ma Gudievs, thupi limakhala lalitali, lokakamizidwa pambuyo pake. Akazi ndi okulirapo kuposa amuna ndi masentimita angapo ndipo amakhala amtundu wowala. Chiyembekezo cha moyo ndi zaka 3-4.

Oimira banja la a Gudiev amafuna tanki ya malita 50 kapena kuposerapo. Kusintha kwamadzi pafupipafupi, kuthandizira ndi kusefera kumafunika.

Guppy

Izi nsomba amadziwika kuti ndi anthu ambiri okhala m'madzi am'madzi komanso akasinja okhala ndi ziweto zam'madzi. Mawonedwewo amasiyana ndi ena mu mawonekedwe ake owala. Obereketsa adapanga mitundu kuyambira yoyera mpaka yakuda. Chochititsa chidwi ndichazitali zazitali zophimbira, zotsekemera zamkati mwa abambo.

Kutalika kwa nsomba ya guppy aquarium ndi 2-6 cm. Akazi ndi akulu kwambiri kuposa amuna ndipo amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ochepera, obisala kwa adani.

Oyenera kusunga m'malo opsinjika - padzakhala malo okwanira a nsomba kuchokera ku banja lokhala ndi moyo wamtali wa malita 15-17 ndi zida zochepa. Ana agalu amakhululuka zolakwa za oyamba kumene pakukonzekera, chifukwa chake amalimbikitsidwa ngati chiweto choyambirira cha munthu wopanda nzeru m'madzi.

Swordsman

Mu chilengedwe mumakhala nyanja ndi mitsinje ya Central America. Guppy siwotsika kwambiri potchuka.

Mtundu wa nsomba zachilengedwe ndi utoto wofiirira kapena wobiriwira, koma chifukwa cha kusankhaku, mitundu yowala mosiyana ndi chikasu mpaka chakuda idatulutsa. Koma mitundu yambiri yamtunduwu imadziwika chifukwa cha thupi lalanje ndi lalanje ndi mkondo wautali wokhala ndi chingwe chakuda pa amuna pachimera, ndichifukwa chake idatchedwa dzina.

Komanso abwino kwa oyamba kumene. Osasankha za magawo a chakudya ndi madzi, nsomba za ku aquarium Swordfish imatha kulekerera kugwidwa ndi njala yayitali ndikudya zakudya zamasamba.

Mollinsia

Mitunduyi imakhala yodziwika pakatikati komanso kumwera kwa America, ku Yutakan, Texas ndi Colombia. Zokhudza banja la a Petsiliev.

Mwachilengedwe, mtundu wa nsomba umachokera ku mchenga wachikaso mpaka malo amaso. M'zaka za zana la XIX, mtunduwu udapezeka ndipo udafalikira. Mtundu wachilengedwe anali wotchuka, koma patapita nthawi, mollies adayamba kudziwika ngati nsomba yokhala ndi khungu lamoto wakuda. Ma Mollies amawonekeranso chifukwa cha zipsepse zake zomwe zikupanga. Zambiri zazikazi zimakula kukula mpaka 9cm, ndipo kutalika kwa thupi laimuna ndi 6 cm.

Molliesia sakhala ankhanza komanso amakhalanso mwamtendere ndi mitundu ina, koma zolimba pakati pa amuna ndizotheka, makamaka pakubala.

Pecilia

Maganizo a Pecilia ndi gawo la banja la a Peciliev. Malo omwe amagawikidwira zachilengedwe ndi kumpoto komanso likulu la America, lomwe limapezeka ku Guatemala. Zoyambitsidwa kuchokera ku America m'zaka za m'ma 1900, atchuka kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndi kukonda asitima.

Mwachilengedwe, imakhala ndi mtundu wochepetsetsa - wachikasu imvi ndi malo amdima pafupi ndi mchira. Koma oweta atulutsa mitundu ingapo ya pecilia.

Kutalika kwa ziwalo zonse ziwiri ndi 5-6 cm. Thupi la nsomba limafupikitsidwa, ndipo pamimba pamimba ndipo kupukutira kwokweza m'mwamba.

Pecilia safuna malo akulu. Tanki ya malita 5-6 ikhale yokwanira kuzilumba ziwiri, ndipo gulu la nsomba 7-8 lifunika malita 40-50. Iyenera kukonzekeretsa bwino ndikuwala.

Ameka

Mtunduwu ndi umodzi wokha wamtundu wa Ameka. M'malo achilengedwe adachotsedweratu mu 1996, amakhala m'mitsinje ya Mexico. Koma nsomba'yi imadulidwa mu ukapolo.

Thupi limasungunuka pambuyo pake, limakula mpaka 5-12 cm. Mtundu wa thupi ndi siliva-siliva wokhala ndi mawanga akuda thupi lonse. Chomwe chimasiyanitsa mitunduyo ndi mtundu wachikaso wowoneka bwino wa mchira wake ndi ma anal. Mumdima, msewu wakuda umakhala wowala, komanso wowoneka bwino masana.

Ameka ndi sukulu ya nsomba yokhala ndi maulamuliro okhwima komanso kugawa nsanamira. Kulimbana ndi zolimba pakati pa amuna ndizotheka.

Girardinus

Koyambirira kuchokera ku South America, ndikofunikira kukhala m'madzi okhala ndi nyanja, mitsinje, komanso madambo.

Kukula kwa akazi ndi 6 masentimita, ndipo amuna amuna 3 cm. Akazi ndi akulu kwambiri komanso akuluakulu, ndipo amuna ndi ochepa komanso owoneka bwino. Mtundu umakhala wachikasu mpaka siliva, thupi lonse limakutidwa ndi timiyala tating'ono takuda.

Girardinus azithandizira bwino pophunzira za m'madzi. Nsomba sizikufuna, paketiyo ndiyoyenera kuchuluka kwa malita 40.

Fomu

Ziwetozi zimakopa chidwi ndi mawonekedwe achilendo. Ngakhale ena samamuwona ngati wokongola, koma mafani amtunduwu amasangalala kukhala ndi cholengedwa chotere kunyumba.

Dera logawa - Southeast Asia: Thailand, Java, Singapore. Amakhala m'nkhalango za mitengo yaminga pafupi ndi madzi a m'mphepete mwa nyanja.

Formosa ali ndi thupi lalitali komanso lalitali. Zipsepsezo ndizotsalira. Nsagwada ya m'munsi ndi yapamwamba imasiyana pakapangidwe: nsagwada yakumtunda ndiyifupi kwambiri kuposa m'munsi. Kapangidwe kam kam kamamwa kameneka kamathandiza kuti chakudya chizikhala paphiripo. Thupi lopakidwa utoto wamchenga wa sulfure, ndipo zipsepse zimakhala ndimtambo wofiirira.

Sailing Molliesia

Mtundu wochokera kubanja la Peciliev komanso gulu la nsomba zokhala ndi ray. Imakhala pachilumba cha Yutakan m'matupi amadzi akhungu.

Kukula kwa akazi kumafika masentimita 15, ndi amuna 17 cm. Mu molliesia wooneka ngati bwato, zithunzi za kugonana zimatchulidwa. Thupi limapakidwa imvi ndi madontho onyezimira. Gawo lakumunsi lili ndi mtundu wagolide.

Cyprinids

Carp -somwe umaphatikizidwa mu gulu la nsomba zolocha ray. Gululi limaphatikizapo mitundu yoposa 400 ya nsomba zamadzi oyera ku Africa, America ndi Asia.

Dzinalo Karpozuboobraznye lidayamba chifukwa cha kufananako kwakunja kwa lamulolo ndi mitundu yochokera ku dongosolo la Karpov. Koma kusiyana kwake kunali kusapezeka kwa mano a Carp, omwe amapezeka ngati mano a Carp.

Mitundu yambiri.

Xenotoka

Habitat zachilengedwe - mitsinje yam'mapiri ndi nyanja za Mexico. Idapezeka mu 1974 ndipo yatchuka kwambiri pakati pa asitikali am'madzi.

Thupi limapakidwa pambuyo pake, amuna amakhala ndi chiuno pamwamba pa mitu yawo, chifukwa mutu umawoneka wocheperako poyerekeza ndi thupi. Maonekedwe akhungu laimuna amakhala amtundu wonyezimira mpaka waimvi. Pamapeto oyambika, malo achikaso amayamba, kutsika kwawokha ndi kwamtundu womwewo. Kukula kwa thupi nthawi zambiri kupitirira 8 cm.

Mukadzala xenotoc, mudzala zokwanira zomerazo.

Limia

Inapezeka koyamba ku Caribbean, pafupi ndi chilumba cha Haiti. Chimakhala m'madziwe ang'onoang'ono komanso m'madzi osaya okhala ndi mbewu zambiri. Limia - kusukulu nsomba ndikusiyira lokha mumadzi zimabweretsa nkhawa kapena kufa kwa nsomba.

Limia amakula mpaka 6-7 cm, koma kukula kwa amuna ndi kocheperako ndipo amawoneka okongola komanso okongola. Mtundu wowoneka bwino ndi siliva, pamutu ndi pamimba pali malo omwe amapaka chikaso. Malire amasiyana ndi ena pamikwingwirima yopindika. Malawi a caudal amathanso kukhala achikasu nthawi zambiri. Maluso a dorsal amazunguliridwa ndikujambulidwa akuda ndi achikaso ndi mikwaso ya nsangalabwi.

Limia ndi mtundu wosasinthika komanso wosavuta kusintha, motero umabweretsa oyamba kumene. Phukusi la limi lidzamvekedwa bwino mu thanki 35- 40 lita ndi masamba.

Theka

Half-furrow, kapena mwanjira ina Dermogenis, ndi a banja la Half-furrow. Maina achilendo ndi mawonekedwe odabwitsa amakopa chidwi. Chiweto chonyentchera chimakhala chowonjezerapo muchikhalidwe cha aquarium.

Malo okhala amakhala ku South ndi East Asia, ku Malaysia ndi Singapore. Imapezeka m'matupi amadzi okhala ndi mphamvu yofooka pakadali pano komanso yambiri ya silika ndi mabatani pansi.

Thupi ndi lalitali komanso locheperako, mtundu wake umayamba kuchokera ku imvi mpaka buluu. Zipsepse zimakhala ndi malire amtambo. Pakamwa pakamwa pali kapangidwe kachilendo kamkati kamkamwa: chibwano chapamwamba ndichoperewera kuposa cham'munsi. Izi ndichifukwa cha zopatsa thanzi zamtunduwu. Ma Halflings amapeza tizilombo komanso ma invertebrates omwe amapezeka pamwamba pamadzi. Pali "mbeza" patsaya lamunsi.

Iliodon

Amakhala m'mitsinje ndi m'madzi a Mexico. Thupi limakwezedwa ndi kusungunuka pambuyo pake. Ma dorsal fin sakhala pakati pa msana, monga nsomba zambiri, koma pafupi ndi mchira. Utoto wonyezimira ndi ma tenti amtengo wobiriwira. Zingwe zowala ndi malo akuda zimawoneka m'mbali. Pamimba chikasu. Kutalika kwa thupi ndi 8-10 cm, ndipo akazi ndi okulirapo.

Iliodons amadziwika ndi kupsa mtima komanso chikhalidwe. Bola kukhala ndi gulu. Malo otsogola okhazikika amasungidwa ndi kusamalidwa mgululi, ndipo nsomba iliyonse imakhala ndi malo ake. Amakhala m'mtunda wamadzi wapamwamba komanso wapakati.

Mu aquarium yomwe ili ndi anthu 8-10, ma 40-50 malita amadzi omwe ali ndi mpweya wambiri wosungunuka akukwana.

Zosamalidwa

Malo osungira ma Viviparous ndiosavuta kuwasamalira komanso osafuna kuumirira kwambiri. Ma Vivipod amatha kusintha momwe akukhalira ndipo amatha kulekerera kusintha kwa kutentha, kuchepa kwa mpweya, kuwonongeka kwa madzi kapena kuwunika kosakwanira.

Mndandanda wazinthu zosamalira:

• Kuti ziweto zizikhala bwino komanso thanzi, amafunika kuyatsa koyenera. Imatha kukhala kuwala kwausana kapena kuwala kopanga. Ngati musankha masana masana, ndiye kuti Aquarium iyenera kuyikidwa pafupi ndi zenera ndikutchingira kukonzekera. Komanso ngati maola ochepa masana sakwanira, ndiye gwiritsani ntchito kuwunikira kowonjezera. Kuunikira kwabwino kumathandizira kuti nsombayo imve bwino komanso kuti iwulule bwino mtundu wake, womwe umasinthika ndi kusowa kwa nyali.
• Zinyama zimakhala pamitundu yonse yazomera ndi nyama zomwe zinachokera ku chakudya: youma, mazira, amoyo. Pazakudya, zofunikira zamasamba, masamba, zipatso ziyenera kukhalapo. Chiwerengero chawo chimatha kufikira theka la mabuku onse odyetsa. Mukamadyetsa masamba ndi zipatso, zimayikidwa kaye ndi madzi otentha ndipo kenako nsomba zimadyetsedwa. Anthu okhwima amadyetsedwa kamodzi patsiku, ndipo mwachangu amafunikira zakudya zinayi patsiku. The mwachangu pansi. Munthawi yanjala, amangodya mbewu zokha.
• Nthawi zambiri nsomba zam'madzi zophunzirira zimakhala nyama zophunzitsidwa, chifukwa chake kuzisunga zokhazokha ndizovuta kwa psyche yama nsomba. Kupewa zolimba ndikulimbana ndi anthu ambiri am'madzimo, ndikofunikira kuti tisalole amuna ambiri. Kwa amuna onse amtundu wamtundu wa 4 wachikazi. Kenako mwayi wolimbana umachepa.
• Ngakhale onyamula amoyo atha kukhalabe ndi moyo pamavuto, ndibwino kusungabe madzi oyera mumadzi osinthika gawo lamadzi sabata iliyonse.
• Kutentha kwamadzi kumachokera madigiri 20 mpaka 30 Celsius, ndipo zizindikiro za kuuma ndi acidity ndizambiri.
• Zoyenera ziyenera kukhala pafupi ndi zachilengedwe. Bzalani zomerazo zokwanira.
• Ndikulimbikitsidwa kupangira tangiyo mothandizidwa ndi zida zosefera.

Nsomba zam'madzi za Viviparous zimakhala zolimba komanso zozindikira:

• Ulamuliro wa kutentha sikofunika kwambiri ndipo kufalikira kwake ndikwakukulu.
• Ziweto sizisamala za kukula kwa malo am'madzi - ambiri aiwo amatha kukhala omasuka m'malo otetezedwa a aquarium ochepera.
• Kuuma kwamadzi kulibe kanthu, ndipo madziwo amatha kukhala ofewa kapena otsika kwambiri.
• Kuberekera ziweto sikovuta.

Kuswana

Zosiyanitsa ndi nyama za viviparous ndizakuti zimatha kubereka mosavuta m'madzi am'madzi ndipo zimakhala ndi fecundity yayitali.

Kutha kwa nsomba kumachitika pakatha miyezi 4 mwana wabadwa.

Mwa mkazi, mawonekedwe a caviar pamimba, ndipo amphongo amadzaza ndi umuna wamadzimadzi pogwiritsa ntchito gonopodia. Pakati pathupi, pamimba limakhala lozungulira, ndipo pakubwera, malo amdima amawoneka pafupi ndi anal fa. Mazira amawaswa pakatha mwezi ndi theka ndipo amabadwa. Pambuyo pa umuna umodzi ndi wamwamuna, wamkazi amatha kuperekanso katatu. Nthawi imodzi, wamkazi amatha kubereka mpaka 170 fry.

Pambuyo pobadwa, mwachangu amayandama pamwamba pamadzi, amawongola chikhodzodzo chake ndi mpweya ndipo amatha kale kukhala payokha. Yambani kudya patsiku lachiwiri la moyo.

Kuti mukhale malo abwino, mbewu zimafunikira momwe mwachangu atabadwa angabisike, mwachitsanzo, riccia. Nsomba zazikulu ndi mwachangu zimasungidwa m'matanki osiyana, chifukwa nsomba nthawi zambiri zimadya ana awo. Tikasungidwa pamodzi, okhalamo amapatsidwa chakudya chokwanira, ndiye kuti mwachangu adzapulumuka.

Kusiyana pakati pa akazi ndi amuna

Akazi okhalamo amuna ndi amuna amakhala ndi mwayi pakati pawo. Pafupifupi mitundu yonse, zazikazi ndizokulirapo komanso zazikulu, ndipo zazimayi ndizochepa komanso zapamwamba. Akazi amakhala ndi mtundu wanzeru komanso wotuwa, pomwe amphongo amakhala owala, ali ndi ziphuphu zazitali zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Koma kusiyana kwakukulu kudzakhala mawonekedwe a anal fin: mwa amuna okhwima amakula ndikusintha kukhala chiwalo chokwanira kuphatikiza mazira mkati mwa mkazi - gonopodia. Mwa akazi, anal fin imakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozunguliridwa komanso ochepa.

Zopeza

Nsomba zodzipatula ndizomwe zimapezeka kwambiri ngati ziweto zoyambira kunyanja. Zolengedwa izi ndizochulukirapo pochoka, ndipo zimakopa chidwi ndi mtundu wowala ndi machitidwe.

Tizilombo tamoyo tosiyanasiyana tomwe timakhala tosiyanasiyana ndipo timatha kukhala m'madzi am'madzi abwino komanso m'madzi am'madzi. Izi zimapangitsa nsomba zokhala ndi moyo kukhala chisankho chabwino kugula mu aquarium. Ndi chithandizo chawo, thanki iliyonse imakhala yokongola, ndipo imakondwera ndi chilengedwe cha nyumba.

Kutanthauzira Kwansomba

Kutchuka kwa nsomba za viviparous kukufotokozedwa ndikuti nsomba wamba zomwe zimatulutsa pakubala zimafunanso zinthu zina zapadera: muyenera malo osyanasiyana kuti ana azituluka, mikhalidwe yapadera yomwe ingalimbikitse kutulutsa, etc. Maubweya amoyo amatha kubereka bwino ana mu malo amodzi popanda kupangika malo apadera. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikosavuta kudyetsa mwachangu kale, chifukwa amatha kusinthana ndi chakudya chouma nthawi yomweyo.

Kuti nsombazo zizikhala moyenera kukhalamo, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ena pokonzekera nsomba:

• Kuunikira: chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika. Usiku, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti pang'ono pang'ono muzimitsa kuyatsa kuti mupewe kuwala kofanana ndi komwe kumapezeka m'madzi achilengedwe. Zowunikira zimatha kukhala zowoneka bwino kapena masana, koma pamapeto pake, aquarium iyenera kusunthidwa pazenera (ndiye muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti palibe zojambula).
• Kutentha kwa madzi: magawo ake azikhala mulingo kuchokera +20 mpaka +29 ° C. Kuti musunge kuchuluka komwe mukufuna, ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito heater yapadera ya aquarium.
• Kusakhazikika: zilibe kanthu, chifukwa chake madzi amatha kukhala okhwima, komanso ofewa.
• Chinyezi: ziyenera kukhala m'mitundu 6.5-8.5 pH.
• Kuchuluka kwa aquarium: popeza ziweto zimakhala, monga lamulo, zimakhala m'mabusa mu aquarium, thankiyo iyenera kukhala yayifupi. Amasankhidwa kutengera munthu m'modzi malita 1.5-2 amadzi.
• Madzi: m'malo achilengedwe, nsomba zimakonda kukhala m'madzi opanda madzi kapena osayenda bwino, motero ndikofunikira kubwezeretsanso zinthu zachilengedwe ndikupereka malo okhala pansi pamadzi mokwanira. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti m'malo mwa 1/3 a madzi akuda ndi madzi abwino sabata iliyonse.
• Zosefera: kupezeka kwake mu malo am'madzi ndikovomerezeka, chifukwa kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa kuyeretsa kwa thanki ndikulepheretsa kuipitsidwa kwamadzi.
• Zomera ndi zokongoletsa: mutha kukongoletsa pansi pa thankiyo ndi miyala yothina, miyala kapena shoti zadothi, kuti nsomba za m'madzi zokhala ndi malo okhala ndi kuthekera kubisala kuti zitheke. Zomera zimafunika kubzalidwe zochuluka.

Mndandanda wamitundu yotchuka ya nsomba zam'madzi zokhala ndi moyo

Pansipa pali mndandanda wa nsomba zodziwika bwino kwambiri za m'madzi zam'madzi:

• Guppy. Nsomba zamtunduwu zimafikira mpaka 3 cm (zazimuna) ndi mpaka 6 cm (zazikazi). Thupi limakhala lokwera, pang'ono pang'onopang'ono mbali. Ili ndi mchira wokongola modabwitsa komanso mtundu wowala. Zabwino pazinthu zatsopano. Kukhala m'chilengedwe: South America (gawo lake kumpoto).

• Guppy Endler. Kutalika kwakukulu kwambiri kwa nsomba yotereku kumafikira zazikazi zinayi ndi masentimita 2,5 mwaimuna. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi chikhalidwe chawo chamtendere. Mukamachoka, kusefa madzi koyenera ndikofunikira kwa iwo.

• Swordsman. Mwachilengedwe, amakhala m'mitsinje ndi nyanja za Central America. Mtundu wawo wachilengedwe ndi wobiriwira komanso wofiyira, koma mitundu yamitundu yowala idasinthidwa ndi obereketsa. Nsombazi ndizodzikongoletsa pokonza, zonenepa mu chakudya, ngakhale kupilira kwa nthawi yayitali popanda chakudya, chifukwa chake zimayenererana bwino ndi am'madzi opanda nzeru.

• Mollinesia. Kukhala zachilengedwe: kumwera ndi pakati America, Columbia ndi Texas. Nsomba ndi oimira banja la Petsiliev. Mwachilengedwe, amapaka utoto wamtundu wamtambo komanso wachikasu. Popita nthawi, mitundu yokhala ndi mtundu wakuda idasanjidwa. Kutalika, molliesia amafikira 9 cm (wamkazi) ndi 6 cm (wamwamuna).

• Pecilia. Mwachilengedwe, amapaka utoto wachikasu ndi mawanga amdima kuzungulira mchira. Komabe, obereketsa amabweretsa mitundu ina ya nsomba. Kutalika kwa thupi la pecilia kumafika masentimita 5-6, kumafupikitsidwa ndipo kumakhala ndi kuzungulira pamimba. Sakufuna malo ambiri, koma amafunikira zowunikira zowoneka bwino komanso chowongolera chabwino.

• Ameka. Kumbali zonse, thupi la nsombalo limakutidwa, limatalika pafupifupi masentimita 5 mpaka 6. Nsombayi imapakidwa utoto wamtundu wa siliva ndipo imakongoletsedwa ndi mawanga akuda omwazikira thupi lonse. Mtunduwu umasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe owala achikaso a anal fin ndi mchira.

• Girardinus. M'malo okhala zachilengedwe, amakonda kukhala m'malo obisika, m'madziwe, komanso m'madambo. Kutalika, zazimuna zimafika 6 cm, ndipo amuna - 3 cm. Akazi ndi okulirapo komanso ochulukirapo, ndipo amuna amakhala achisomo komanso ang'ono. Mtundu wa nsombowu umasiyanasiyana kuchokera wachikasu mpaka siliva, pomwe thupi lonse limakhala ndi mawanga ang'onoang'ono akuda.

• Fomu. Ili ndi mawonekedwe achilendo. Thupi la nsombalo limakhala lokwera komanso lalitali. Zipsepsezi zimapezeka kumbuyo kwake. Nsagwada ya m'munsiyi ya nsomba ndi yayitali kuposa kumtunda, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizitulutsa chakudya kuchokera kumtunda. Nsombayo payokha imapakidwa utoto wamchenga, ndipo zipsepse zimakhala ndi utoto wofiira.

• Carp-ngati. Asodziwo adalandira dzinali chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo akunja kwa oyimira gulu la Karpov. Komabe, a Karpovs alibe mano, zomwe sizinganenedwe za mtundu wamtunduwu wa nsomba. Obeleka abweretsa mitundu yambiri.

• Xenotoka. Thupi la nsomba'li lang'ambika m'mbali, mpaka kutalika kwa 8 cm. Amuna amakhala ndi chotsekera pamitu yawo, zomwe zimapangitsa mutuwo kuwoneka wocheperako poyerekeza ndi thupi. Nsombazo zimakongoletsedwa ndi mithunzi kuchokera pa bulauni mpaka imvi. Maluso a caudal ndi madera ozungulira amakhala achikasu.

• Limia (Limia amakhala wopanda gulu). Uwu ndi gulu lowerengera, kotero sungathe kulisungitsa mu nyanja yokha, apo ayi kukhalapo kamodzi kumabweretsa mavuto, ndipo nthawi zina kumwalira. Imafika kutalika kwa 6-7 masentimita, koma amuna ndi ochepa pang'ono poyerekeza ndi achikazi, chifukwa chake ali ndi mawonekedwe okongola komanso okongola. Mikwingwirima yopingasa imatengera thupi, komwe maziko ake ndi a siliva. Mutu ndi m'mimba mwa nsomba ndizakaso zachikaso. Ichi ndi nsomba yosasinthika yosavuta kusinthika.

• Hafu-kamwa (kapena Dwarf Dermogenis). Nsomba zimakopa chidwi ndi mawonekedwe ndi thupi lachilendo. Ichi ndi chosasinthika pansi pamadzi, chimakhala m'malo achilengedwe, momwe mulibe magetsi. Thupi linali loonda pang'ono komanso lalitali (limakula mpaka 7 cm), limatha kujambulidwa muzithunzi za imvi mpaka buluu. Zipsepse zimakhala ndi malire amtambo. Makhalidwe opatsa thanzi a nsombayi amafotokozera mawonekedwe osazolowereka pakamwa: chibwano cham'munsi ndizitali kwambiri kuposa chapamwamba.

• Gambusia. Kukula kwa nsomba sikupitirira 7 cm mwa akazi ndi 4 cm mwa amuna. Maonekedwewo amafanana ndi nsomba za guppy, koma gambusia ali ndi mtundu wocheperako: thupi limapakidwa utoto wonyezimira, ndipo zipsepsezi zimawonekera. Izi ndi nsomba zophunzitsira, zomwe zimadziwika ndi kupirira kwambiri.

• Alfaro. Thupi lomwe limapangidwa limafanana ndi mtedza wa almond, womwe umathinitsidwa pang'ono, umakhala ndi utoto wonyezimira. Nsombazo zimakhala ndi masikelo ang'onoang'ono, owonda, kumbuyo kumakhala kwakuda kuposa pamimba. Chimakula kutalika mpaka 10 cm.

• Belonesox. Chimawoneka ngati pike yaying'ono. Thupi lake limakhala lozungulira, "mphuno" yayitali ndipo maso akulu amakongoletsa mutu wake. Nsombazo zimapakidwa utoto wonyezimira wonyezimira komanso wonyewa wamkuwa, ndipo pamtambo pali tamba. Amasiyana muukali, makamaka achikazi.

• Golomyanka. Nsombazi sizitchedwa kuti aquarium, chifukwa zimakhala mu Nyanja ya Baikal. Komabe, ngati mupanga malo oyenerera, nsomba zimatha kukhala mu ukapolo. Maonekedwe ndi achilendo: thupi laling'ono, lalitali (pafupifupi 25 cm) lopaka utoto wotumbululuka wa pinki, lili ndi kamwa yayikulu ndi maso akulu akuda.

Zoyenera kumangidwa

Kuswana nsomba za m'madzi ndi njira yovuta, yomwe imafunikira ndalama zochulukirapo komanso ndalama.

Zolengedwa zotchuka pakati pamadzi am'madzi ndi nsomba za viviparous.

Mndandanda wawo umangokhala m'mabanja atatu okha:

1. Gudeevs. Ili ndi mitundu 16 ya mitundu ndi mitundu 35 ya okhala m'madzimo.
2. Nsomba zamaso anayi. Mwa okonda ziweto zamadzi, ndi mitundu inayi yokha yamitundu yawo yomwe imadziwika.
3. Pecilian. Izi ndi nyama zofala kwambiri zomwe zimamera mosavuta komanso kubereka mwachangu.

Kuthengo, nsomba izi zimakhala m'madzi abwino ku South ndi Central America konse. Nthawi zina nthumwi ngati izi zam'madzi zimapezeka kumwera kwa USA ndi Asia.

Zofunikira pa zida

Monga lamulo, nsomba zonse zowoneka bwino za m'madzi zimakonda kukhala ndi moyo wopambana. Chifukwa cha izi, ziyenera kukhala m'matanki akuluakulu.

Madzi okwanira theka ndi theka ayenera kuperekedwa kwa aliyense payekhapayekha. Kukwera kwazizindikiro kumeneku, kumakhala momasuka kwambiri ndi chiweto.

Sizoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito ma aquariamu ocheperako, popeza okhalamo adzavutika chifukwa chosowa malo, zomwe zingayambitse mikangano kapena kufa.

Tangiyo iyenera kuyatsidwa bwino, chifukwa nsomba zamoyo zimakhala zomasuka kwambiri pakuwala. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kuyesa kubwezeretsanso moyo wawo wachilengedwe ndikuzimitsa gawo la zida zowunikira usiku.

Mu aquarium muyenera kuyika miyala yambiri yamiyala, miyala ndi mitengo yobzala. Ndi chithandizo chawo, nsomba zimatha kubisala ndikupuma ku nkhawa za tsiku ndi tsiku.

Ndikofunika kupatsa nsomba za viviparous ndi kuwala

Anthu akulu amafuna malo ambiri, motero ayenera kukhazikitsidwa m'matanki a buku loyenderana. Kupanda kutero, abambo amatha kuyambitsa nkhondo yolimbana ndi dera lawo ndikuvulaza wina ndi mnzake.

Kutchire, nthumwi zoyimira nyanjazi zimakhala m'madzi osayenda kapena opanda madzi, choncho ndibwino kuti zitha kupanga zofanana mu aquarium ndikupatsa nzika zake kuyenda pang'onopang'ono. Ngati zonse zachitika molondola, ndiye kuti kukula ndi kubereka zitha kuthamangitsidwa kwambiri. Mothandizidwa bwino, nsomba zimatetezedwa momwe zingathere pamavuto osiyanasiyana azaumoyo.

Nsomba zambiri za viviparous zam'madzi zimakhala momasuka pa kutentha kwa madigiri 20 mpaka 29. Kuti muzisamalira muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zapadera za aquarium hita, mphamvu yomwe imasankhidwa potengera kuchuluka kwa thankiyo.

Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti kusefedwa kwamadzi nthawi zonse. Izi ziteteza aquarium kuti isadetsedwe ndikupanga mwayi kwa eni kuti ayeretse.

Kugwirizana ndi nsomba zina

Achibale omwe sachita ukali amatha kumangirizidwa kuti apange nsomba zam'madzi zokhala ndi moyo, zitha kukhala: neons, cockerels, bots, scalars, discus, labeo, barbs, zebrafish. Dera losakhala bwino likhala ndi ma zakuthambo, ma carps, golide ndi ma cichlids (onse aku South America ndi ku Africa).

Chakudya cha tsiku lililonse

Maziko a thanzi la mitundu yonse ya nsomba zokhala ndi moyo ndizoyenera komanso zamitundu mitundu. Tikuthokoza, anthu okhala m'madzi amalandila chilichonse chofunikira kuti chikule msanga komanso kubereka.

Mukamasankha chakudya muyenera kulabadira zatsopano ndi moyo wa alumali. Kuphatikiza apo, zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi utoto wambiri ziyenera kupewedwa. Ndi zoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zosafunikira chifukwa zimatha kuvulaza ziweto.

Chakudya cha nsomba chamoyo chizikhala chatsopano

Pafupifupi ziweto zonse zimakhala zopanda chakudya. Amatha kudya pafupifupi mtundu uliwonse wa chakudya, koma bwino kuwapatsa zoterezi:

1. Zakudya zapadera za nsomba zam'malo otentha. Imapezeka mtundu wa ma flakes ndipo itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakudya tsiku ndi tsiku. Mutha kuzigula pamalo ogulitsa nyama pamtengo wotsika mtengo.
2. Chakudya chamoyo. Pazakudya zotere, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito tubulo, cellworm ndi artemia. Nsomba sizingakane ku squid wosweka.
3. Bzalani zakudya. Ndibwino kuti ziweto zizipatsa nsomba zam'madzi, sipinachi ndi parsley. Mitundu yamtundu uliwonse imayenera kuyamba kupukutidwa ndi madzi otentha ndikumadulidwa.
4. Crump. Semolina yabwino yophika kapena oatmeal imatha kukhala chakudya chabwino.

Daphnia imatha kuwonjezera chakudya cha viviparous nsomba

Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kupatsa nsomba zamkaka zam'madzi zamtundu wina wamagulu osowa kamodzi masabata angapo. Izi zikuthandizira kuti musazolowere zakudya ndikuwonjezera mavitamini ofunikira oyimira madzi am'madzi. Zowonjezera zingatumikire:

• daphnia
• nyongolotsi zazing'ono
• shirimpi
• nkhuku yophika
• ng'ombe chiwindi ndi mtima,
• masamba letesi
• nandolo.

Zakudya zonse ziyenera kukhala pansi zokwanira. Chifukwa chake nsomba imatha kumeza chidutswa chilichonse.

Kudyetsa nsomba kwa Viviparous

Chakudya choyenera komanso chopatsa thanzi ndicho maziko a thanzi ndi thanzi la zinthu zonse zamoyo. Komanso, chifukwa cha chakudya choyenera, nsomba zimayamba kukula komanso kuchuluka. Mukamasankha zakudya zam'madzi, kuwonjezera pa mtengo wake, muyenera kuyang'anira chidwi chake, komanso kusapezeka kwa utoto wambiri.

Pafupifupi nsomba zonse za m'madzi za viviparous sizabwino kudya. Adzakhala osangalala kudya zakudya zonse zomwe adzapatsidwe, koma ndibwino kungokhala pazakudya izi:

1. Zakudya zopangidwa makamaka kwa nsomba zam'malo otentha. Imakhala ndi ma flakes, ndipo imatha kuperekedwa ngati chakudya chachikulu.
2. Chakudya chamoyo. Itha kukhala artemia, mamina a magazi kapena tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ndipo tinthu tating'onoting'ono timathanso kupatsidwa.
3. Crump. Imakhala zakudya zambiri zabwino: semolina yophika kapena oats ya porridge.
4. Chakudya cha zomwe mbewu zimachokera. Njira yabwino ikhoza kukhala parsley, sea kale kapena sipinachi. Komabe, amadyera asanalowe mu aquarium, ayenera kuthira madzi otentha ndikuwadula bwino.

Monga zowonjezera, letesi, mphutsi zazing'ono, mtima wamphongo kapena chiwindi, chidutswa cha nkhuku yophika, shrimp ingaperekedwe.

Ndi nsomba zingati zokhala m'madzi zomwe zimakhala ndi moyo? Kutalika kwa moyo wawo ndi pafupifupi zaka 3-5, malinga ngati nsomba zimapatsidwa chisamaliro choyenera.

Njira zoberekera

Nsomba zonse za viviparous zimadziwika ndi chonde chawo. Pakangodutsa kanthawi kalikonse, mkazi aliyense amatha kupanga mpaka 200, mwachangu, yemwe amakula mwachangu komanso kukhala wamkulu.

Pakuswana ndikofunikira kwambiri kubzala akazi angapo ndi amuna amodzi mu aquarium nthawi imodzi. Kugonana kwa munthu kumatha kutsimikiziridwa ndi izi::

1. Zachikazi ndizazikulu kwambiri kuposa zazimuna zazitali.
2. Amuna, zipsepse zamkati ndi zomatira zimayeretsedwa bwino.
3. Amuna ali ndi mtundu wowala komanso wowoneka bwino.

Akaziwo akangokhala ndi mazira, nthawi yomweyo yamphongo imamupatsa umuna. Pakupita masiku 30−50, mkazi wamkazi amasaka ana. Pamene mwachangu atakhala okonzekera moyo wodziyimira, amasiya thupi la amayi. Monga lamulo, ana amabadwa nthawi imodzi ndipo njira yonseyo imatha kutambasuka kwa masabata angapo, kapena ngakhale miyezi.

Posakhalitsa, nsomba yamkadzi yotulutsa chikazi imatha kubereka mpaka 200 mwachangu

Nsomba zobadwa m'miyezi inayi zimafika pa kutha ndipo zimatha kubereka.

Kuti mwachangu amakula bwino ndikukula msanga, amafunikira zakudya zabwino. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuwonjezera mavitamini osiyanasiyana muzakudya zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku. Makolo amafunikanso kudyetsedwa bwino panthawiyi, chifukwa akakhala wopanda chakudya amasangalala ndi ana awo mosangalala.

Malingaliro odziwika

Oyimira odziwika kwambiri am'madzi am'madzi ndi viviparous aquarium nsomba. Mndandanda wawo umapangidwa malinga ndi zomwe amakonda eni ake komanso zomwe alipo.

Mwambiri khalani anthu oterowo:

Mitundu yonseyi ndi yosasamala posamalira, kuchulukana mwachangu ndikuwoneka bwino.

Zingwe zamitundu yosiyanasiyana

Kwawo kwa woimira madzi amadzi am'madzi amadziwika kuti ndi gawo la South America. Mmenemo amakhala m'madzi opanda madzi ndipo amasinthasintha mawonekedwe awo.

Nsomba zamtundu wa guppy zimawoneka bwino komanso ndizosavuta kubereka

Zosiyanitsa zamtunduwu ndi zofunika zake:

1. Kukula kwa munthu wamkulu kumasiyana kuyambira 4.5 mpaka 5.5 cm.
2. Wamphongo amakhala ndi mtundu wowala, womwe umawasiyanitsa pakati pa akazi.
3. Ndikofunika kukhazikitsa kagulu ka anthu awiriawiri.
4. Amafuna malita 50 a madzi.
5. Ziphuphu sizofunikira kwambiri pakuuma kwa madzi, koma mumakonda kutentha pamadigiri 25-27.
6. Opanda chakudya komanso zosangalatsa adzadya youma, masamba, komanso nyama.
7. A guppy aquarium iyenera kukhala ndi masamba ndi malo ambiri osambira.

Anthu okhala m'madzimo amakhala mwamtundu wachilengedwe, motero amatha kuyanjana mosavuta ndi mitundu ina. Ana agalu amabala msanga kwambiri. Pakupita milungu ingapo, mwachangu amene amabadwa amakula ndi makolo awo ndipo nawonso amayamba kubereka. Kuti muwongolere njirayi, ndizotheka kukhazikitsa amuna ndi akazi omwe m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana.

Nsomba yokhala ndi moyo Pecilia imafika masentimita 6 kutalika

Pecilia Wamng'ono

Kuthengo, nsombayi imakhala m'mitsinje yaying'ono ndi mitsinje ku Mexico. Ali kumeneko, anasinthiratu ndi chilengedwe ndipo anakula msanga. Nsomba zazing'onozi zimatha kutalika kwa 6 cm. Amuna ndi ojambula, oonda komanso opaka utoto wowala.

Zinthu zofunikira:

1. Pecilia iyenera kukhazikika mu gulu la anthu 6-9. Potere, amuna azikhala theka kwambiri kuposa akazi.
2. Kwa anthu ambiri, thanki yama 80 malita ikwanira.
3. Mawonekedwe abwino otentha ndi madigiri 22-26.
4. Pecilia amatha kudyetsedwa zonse chakudya komanso chouma.
5. Kuti mukhale ndi moyo wabwino, nsomba zimasowa masamba ambiri am'madzi.

Mtunduwu umakhala bwino ndi nsomba zina zazing'ono ndipo mwamtheradi siziganizira za kukhalapo kwawo. Kuti zikubereke, zazikazi zimabzalidwa kumalo ena okhala ndi michere yambiri. M'masiku ochepa, amabereka ana osaposa 100, omwe amakula msanga ndikufika msinkhu wazaka 4.

Zabwino mollinsia

Mtunduwu wafalikira ku Central America konse. Amakhala m'madzi amphepete mwa mitsinje kapena nyanja zazing'ono.

Akuluakulu nthawi zambiri samakula kuposa 8 cm ndipo amakonda kukhala mwamtendere.Chifukwa cha izi, ma mollies nthawi zambiri amapezeka ndi ena oimira viviparous.

Zosamalidwa:

1. Ndikofunika kusunga zazikazi 5 ndi zazimuna zitatu mu aquarium.
2. Kwa nsomba, mumafunika madzi okwanira malita 100 kuti mukhale moyo wabwino ndikuwonjeza kuchulukana.
3. Oyimira anyaniwa amakonda mchere, choncho amathanso kuwonjezeranso 20% kwa malita 10 aliwonse a madzi.
4. Zowathandiza kwa iwo akhale kutentha kwa madigiri 24 mpaka 26.
5. Amakonda kudya zouma komanso zopatsa thanzi. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muwonjezere chakudya chambiri pachakudya chanu chatsiku ndi tsiku.

Nthawi imodzi, wamkazi amatha kubereka ana osakwana 150. Nthawi yomweyo, sikofunikira kubzala mu thanki yosiyana. Mwachangu samasankhanso zakudya ndipo amatha kumera msanga pazakudya zilizonse zazing'ono.

Amuna achibanga oyamba

Mtunduwu umapezeka m'madzi oyera a Mexico, Honduras ndi Guatemala. Kutalika kwa nsomba zachikulire kumatha kufika 15 masentimita, motero ndibwino kuti muzisunga m'malo am'madzi ambiri (osachepera 160 l). Mbali yodziwika bwino yam'madzi a nsombayi ndi mchira womalizira, womwe umakhala ngati lupanga.

Zofunikira Zofunikira:

1. Ndikofunikira kukhala ndi gulu la anthu awiri amitundu yosiyanasiyana.
2. Kutentha kuyenera kuchoka pa 22 mpaka 25 degrees.
3. Amadyanso chakudya chilichonse chansomba.
4. Amakhala otakataka, motero amafunika malo osambira osambira.

Amuna amatha kutsutsana wina ndi mnzake nthawi yakubala, kotero muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti pali akazi ambiri. Pakanthawi kochepa, mpaka 200 mwachangu amatha kubadwa, zomwe ndibwino kubzala kwa akulu.

Viviparous aquarium nsomba ndi chisankho chabwino poyambira. Ndi njira yoyenera yochitira bizinesi ndikutsatira zomwe akumangidwa, mutha kukwaniritsa kukula kwa anthu mwachangu komanso kubereka kwawo kovuta.

Alfaro

Mawonekedwe: thupi lili ngati mtedza wa amondi, wothinikizidwa pang'ono, wopaka utoto wabuluu. Mulingo wocheperako, wowonda, kumbuyo kumakhala wakuda kuposa pamimba. Nsomba zazing'ono - 8-10 8-10 cm.

Akaberekana, sasonyezanso nkhanza kwa ana ang'onoang'ono amtundu wawo. Komabe, pofuna kubereka kuti zitha kuchitika popanda kusamvana, alfaro ayenera kukhala ndi malo okhala ndi masamba, mwachitsanzo, mbewu monga Indian limnophila, nitella yanzeru ndi yabwino pazolinga izi. Akakhala kundende, nsomba zimatha kukhala ndi zaka zitatu.

Belonesox

Nsomba yomwe imawoneka kwambiri ngati pike yaying'ono. Ili ndi thupi lopyapyala, "mphuno" yayitali, maso akulu owala. Mtundu wa masikelo ndi bulawuni wobiriwira, ndi kukhudza kwa mkuwa, pali malo amdima pamchira.

Akazi ndiakulu kuposa amuna, kutalika kwa thupi lawo kumafika masentimita 18-20, pomwe "anyamata" amakhala ndi masentimita 12 okha. Belonesoksi ndi nsomba zamtundu wankhanza, ndipo zazikazi ndizoyipa kwambiri: ikafika nthawi yakukhwima ndi kutchera, iwo amavutitsa ndi kuthamangitsa amuna, amathanso kuudya. Komabe, machitidwe akudya oterowo amatha kuyendetsedwa ndi chakudya chochuluka komanso chokhutiritsa, popeza pamenepa mkazi sangakhale ndi njala, ndipo chibwenzi chikhala ndi moyo, komanso achichepere.

Anangumi oyera amadya nsomba zochepa, nyongolotsi, ma tadpole, ma nyongolotsi amwazi. Zaka zomwe munthu amakhala nazo m'madzi am'madzi ndizaka zitatu.

Golomyanka

Kunena zowona, chilengedwe chodabwitsa ichi sichingatchedwe kuti nsomba ya aquarium - imakhala m'madzi a Nyanja ya Baikal pakuya kupitirira 100 metres. Komabe, popanga malo oyenera, makamaka, kusamalira kutentha kwa madzi pamtunda wa +6 C, imatha kuzika mizu m'malo opanga zinthu.

Golomyanka watchuka chifukwa choti nsomba iyi ilibe mamba komanso chikhodzodzo. Chimawoneka chachilendo kwambiri: thupi lalitali (mpaka 25 cm) lopyapyala lofiirira, kamwa lalikulu ndi maso akulu akuda. Golomyanki wachikazi, atabereka ana, amamwalira. Kuopsa kwadyedwa ndi abale awo.

Dermogenis, kapena theka-kumenyera

Mawonekedwe: thupi lotalikirapo, lopendekeka pang'ono kumbali, zipsepse zamkati ndi ma anal zimakhala pafupi ndi mchira. Mtundu wa nsombayi ndi imvi, imasinthika kukhala lilac ndi siliva pafupi ndi pamimba. Chikhalidwe cha champhongo ndi chofiyira chowala chakumaso ndi ma ziphuphu; mu akazi amakhala ndi utoto wachikasu. Mu aquarium, kukula kwa dermogenis amachokera ku 6 mpaka 8 cm, wamkazi amakhala wamkulu nthawi zonse.

Ngati mukufuna kusungitsa gulu la nsomba zolimbanazi, musaiwale kuti theka-lamphongo limakhala lolimbirana.

Wamphamvu kwambiri amakhumudwitsa ofooka, amatenga chakudya kwa iwo, motero, kuyang'anira kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa kuti kusapangitse nsomba kuti isafe ndi njala. Kutalika kwa moyo wa dermogenises ya aquarium ndi zaka 5.

Priapella

Wamng'ono (mpaka 5-7 cm) nsomba zachikasu zagolide ndi lilac shimmer. Akazi nthawi zonse amakhala akulu kuposa amuna. Maso a Priapella ndi okongola kwambiri, ali ndi mthunzi wamtambo, womwe umatchedwa kuti-eyed.

Izi nsomba zolengedwa zodekha komanso zamtendere, zokhala bwino zofanana mdera limodzi ndi mitundu yofanana kukula kwake komanso kutentha.

Komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti chimodzi mwazinthu zoyipa zomwe zimakhala pachimake ndi chinyontho - adumphira m'madzi ngakhale atatsegula pang'ono, ndiye kuti chotengeracho pamodzi nacho chimayenera kuphimbidwa ndi china chake.

Kodi mungasankhe bwanji?

Zachidziwikire, palibe amene angakuletseni kupeza nsomba zomwe "mzimu umagonera", koma pali malamulo ena osankha, Kutsatira momwe mungapangire malo abwino osungira ziweto zanu.

• Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuyika nsomba zazikulu kapena zochepa zazing'ono mu tank yaying'ono. Chifukwa chosowa mpweya komanso malo okwanira osunthira, nsomba zimayamba kufa.
• Mukamadzaza nsomba m'madzi amitundu yosiyanasiyana, dziwani zambiri ndi mtundu woterewu ngati mukufuna kukhala m'madzi ena. Ngati izi sizinachitike, mutha kupeza chiopsezo kupeza, mwachitsanzo, nsomba zam'munsi zokha, zomwe sizingakondweretse, ndikuyandama pansi.
• Chinanso chofunikira ndi kufanananso kwa nzika. Nsomba zochepetsetsa kwambiri zitha kukhala pachiwopsezo chongosiyidwa popanda chakudya chomwe chingadyedwe ndi "anansi" owopsa kwambiri.
• Zoyambitsa matenda ndi omwe angathe kuzunzidwa sizingasungidwe mu thanki yomweyo ngakhale ndi chakudya chochuluka. Chowonadi ndi chakuti nsomba zamtundu wachilengedwe zimapatsidwa mwanzeru zalenje ndipo zimathamangitsa ndikuwedza nsomba iliyonse m'munda wawo wamasomphenya.
• Oyamba oyambira asamayambe "ntchito" yawo ndi zomwe zimapezeka kawirikawiri. Monga lamulo, amafunikira chisamaliro chapadera: kukhalabe kutentha pang'ono, kuuma kwamadzi, chakudya chosazolowereka, kuyatsa kwabwino kapena, kotembenukira. Ngati mukuwona kuti muthana ndi ntchito yotere - pitani, ngati sichoncho - yambani ndi china chosavuta, mwachitsanzo, ndi ma guppies kapena malupanga.
• Mukamagula nsomba za aquarium, zifufuzeni mosamala: pasakhale zowonongeka zakunja monga zipse zakumwa, kuphwanya, malovu. Maso ndi miyeso zizikhala zonyezimira. Nsombayo iyenera kukhala mwamakhalidwe kwa woimira mtundu wake. Mwachitsanzo, ngati malongosoledwe amtunduwo akuwonetsa kuti akuyenera kusambira mozungulira m'madzi, ndipo nsomba'yo "imang'amba" kuchokera pakona mpaka ngodya, izi zikuwonetsa bwino thanzi lake, ndipo ndibwino kukana kugula chiweto.

Malamulo Okhatikiza

Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane malamulo oyambira posunga nsomba zamoyo.

• Nthawi zambiri, anthu okhala m'madzimo amakhala m'midzi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mawonekedwe awowo ayenera kukhala ochepa kwambiri. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kutuluka powerengera malita a 1.5-2 amadzi payekha.
• Ndikofunikira kwambiri kupatsa nsomba zowunikira zapamwamba. Usiku, uyenera kuyimitsidwa pang'ono, ndikupanga tchuthi chosangalatsa, chomwe chimachitika m'malo osungira zachilengedwe.
• Zomera za Aquarium ndi zinthu zina "zamkati" ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa mwapadera. Pansi pazikhala zokongoletsedwa ndi miyala, matalala, shards dothi kuti nsomba zitha kupanga m'misempha mwa iwo ndikupuma. Onetsetsani kuti mukubzala mitengo yamoyo.
• The wamkulu ndi wankhanza anthu, lalikulu malo omwe amafunika kukhala opanda nkhondo. Izi zimachitika makamaka kwa amuna. Nthawi zambiri akakumana mukuyenda ", amatha kuyambitsa ndewu komanso kulumala wina ndi mnzake.
• Malo okhala zachilengedwe zanyama zam'madzi ndi matupi amadzi okhala ndi madzi ofooka kapena osasunthika. Yesani kubwerezanso izi ndikupereka ziweto zapamwamba kwambiri.
• Kutentha kwa madzi ndikofunikira kwambiri. Zizindikiro zake zimachokera ku +20 mpaka +29 C. Kuti mukhale ndi gawo lomwe mukufuna, ndikofunikira kugula chotenthetsera cha aquarium, mphamvu yake yomwe imasiyana malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa thankiyo.
• Onetsetsani kuti mwayika fayilo yomwe ingathandize kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zoyeretsa komanso kupewa madzi.

Kwakukulukulu, nsikidzi za nsomba ndi zokongola zokongola zomwe zimatha kusintha moyo wawo mwachitsanzo:

• Kuchepa kwambiri / kuwonjezereka kwa kutentha kwa madzi,
• kutsitsa okosijeni,
• kuyatsa kosakwanira
• kusathandiza bwino
• kusintha kwa kuuma kwamadzi.

Zowonadi, mikhalidwe iyi siyenera kukhala yokhazikika, apo ayi, ngakhale anthu omwe amalimbikira kwambiri amadwala ndikufa.

Kuswana

Mukadzaza nsomba za viviparous mu malo okhala ndi zokhala ndi zokhala m'madzi, kumbukirani kuti abambo awiri akuyenera kukhala m'modzi wamphongo. Izi ndizofunikira kupatula nthawi yovuta yomwe ingachitike panthawi yakukhwima.

Obereketsa amoyo amakhala ndi ana omwe adabereka okhaokha. Izi ndichifukwa choti mazira amakhathamilidwa mu utero mothandizidwa ndi mautali wamphongo wamwamuna. Mwa chilichonse chaiwo ndi zakudya zomwe mluza umadya. Pambuyo pa masiku 25-50, kubereka mwana kumachitika, ndipo mwachangu amayamba moyo wodziyimira pawokha.

Njira yoperekera yokha ikhoza kukhala maola angapo mpaka masiku angapo. Nthawi yayitali isanayambe, wamkazi amatha kukhala wankhanza. Mfundo yoti njirayi yatha, mudzauzidwa mbali zosiyanasiyana za nsomba ndi mkhalidwe wopumira.

Artemia, cyclops, daphnia, microplankton imatha kukhala chakudya choyambirira cha nyama zazing'ono. Ndikofunikanso kuyesa kupera chakudya chouma chopangidwa ndi nsomba zachikulire ndikudyetsa mwachangu.

M'masabata oyamba amoyo, madzi oyera, kuthandizira bwino ndi kusefa kwa m'madzi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa makanda. Onetsetsani kuti mwasamalira izi.

Zina zambiri

Pafupifupi munthu aliyense wam'madzi mwina nthawi ina amaganiza za momwe angakhalire ndi ana awo omwe amakonda ziweto zawo. Kupatula apo, kusintha kumeneku kumapangidwanso kosangalatsa, ndikuphatikizidwa ndi "kuvina kovutitsa" mu nsomba zambiri, ndipo zotsatira zake, popeza kuwoloka kumatha kubweretsa mitundu yosangalatsa kwambiri mwa ana.

Kubala nsomba zodziwikiratu ndi njira yovuta kwambiri, yomwe nthawi zambiri imafunikira njira yodziyimira pang'onopang'ono, yopanga zinthu zina zomwe zimathandizira kutulutsa, etc. Ndi nsomba zokhala ndi moyo, zinthu zimakhala zosavuta. Amatha kutuluka mosavuta m'madzi wamba, pomwe kulengedwa kwapadera, monga lamulo, sikofunikira. Ndikosavuta kudyetsa mwachangu, chifukwa kuyambira kubadwa, ambiri aiwo amatha kudya chakudya chouma chopangidwa ndi ana.

Takudziwitsa za nsomba 10 zodziwika bwino zomwe mumatha kusunga m'madzi anu.

6. Gambusia

Ino si nsomba yowala kwambiri yomwe idatchuka kwambiri atakhazikitsidwa kwambiri m'malo otentha kuti athane ndi mphutsi za udzudzu, zomwe zimatchedwa gambusia kudya kwambiri. Izi zachepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa - malungo. Chifukwa cha ntchito yake kwa nsomba, zipilala zingapo adaikanso. Malo okhala zachilengedwe ndi Missouri River Basin.

Kukula kwa m'matumbo am'madzi simapitilira 4 cm (amuna) ndi 7 cm (akazi). Ziphuphu ndizofanana maonekedwe, koma ndizojambulidwa modzichepera: thupi lobiriwira khungu ndi zipsepere zowonekera.

Nsombayi yawonjezera kupirira ndipo imapulumuka mwanzeru m'madzi am'madzi. Bola kukhala ndi magulu a anthu asanu ndi limodzi. Sichimtendere, sizolumikizana ndi zipsepse kuchokera kwa anansi. Zimakhala bwino ndi makadinala, zebrafish ndi barba.

7. Dermogenis wamtali

Nsomba zosadziwika kuchokera ku banja la Half-Armed. Dzinali linaperekedwa kuti lipangidwe mwapadera zida zapakamwa: nsagwada yam'munsi yokhazikika imakhala yotalikirapo kuposa foni yam'manja, yomwe imalola "pike" kumeza ngakhale nyama yayikulu kwambiri kuchokera pamadzi.

Kupezeka zachilengedwe ku Southeast Asia. Amakonda madzi osayenda kapena oyenda pang'onopang'ono.

Kukula kwa nsomba sikupitirira masentimita 7. Thupi limakhala lotalika, lopentedwa ndi siliva ndi bint yolima. Zipsepazo ndizochepa, pafupifupi zowonekera. Dorsal ndi anal adasinthira kumchira.

Voliyumu yovomerezeka - kuchokera ku malita 50. Dermogenises imatha kusungidwa awiriawiri kapena magulu okhala ndi akazi. Nthawi zambiri amakhala pamadzi.

Zimakhala bwino ndi nsomba zambiri zofanana.

9. Brahirafis Rosen

Nsomba zowala komanso zowoneka bwino zochokera ku banja la Pecilieva. Osadziwika kwambiri ndi asodzi am'madzi chifukwa cha zovuta zina pakubereka, monga kudya mwachangu ana awo. Chifukwa chake, chachikazi chomwe chakonzeka kuti chibadwe chimayenera kukhazikitsidwanso mumtsuko wapadera, kumene mwachangu amatha kubisala.

Amakhala m'mitsinje yamapiri m'chigawo cha Panama ndi Costa Rica.

Akazi a brahirafis amakula mpaka 6 cm, amuna ochepa masentimita ochepa. Kupaka utoto pamtundu, ndi utoto wachikasu ndi tamba lamtambo lamtambo.

Ndikofunika kusungitsa zoweta (anthu 5-6) m'madzi am'madzi kuchokera 50 malita. Ndikofunikira kupereka malo ambiri okhalamo, chifukwa amuna a brahirafis amatha kukhala ankhanza kwa achibale awo, azimayi pa nthawi yopereka komanso oyandikana nawo ena mu aquarium. Popeza nsombazi zimangokhala m'madzi apamwamba ndi apakati, nsomba zamkati zambiri ndizoyenera kukhala cohabitants. Komanso, kampaniyo imatha kupanga ma tetras mwachangu, ma cichlids ang'onoang'ono aku America.