Mukapeza chitsime chatsopano chogwiritsira ntchito nyumbayo, kusunga nsomba kumayamba bwino pakudyetsa osapezekanso kamodzi patsiku. Zachidziwikire, ndiye kuti zidzatha kumudyetsa pafupipafupi, koma pang'ono ndi pang'ono. Kupatula apo, m'madzi a aquarium, choyambirira, malo okhala otsekeka. Ngati pali zakudya zambiri, sizidyedwa ndi nsomba, kenako zimalowa pansi ndikuyamba kuvunda. Kuyambira kuledzera, nsomba zimayamba kupweteka, kenako zimafa. Mungamve bwanji ngati nsomba yamizidwa kapena ayi? Ndi zophweka. Chakudya, mutalowa mu aquarium iyenera kudyedwa nthawi yomweyo, osamira mpaka pansi. Zowona, pali nsomba monga nsomba. Ndi omwe amadya chakudya chomwe chagona pansi. Komanso, nsomba zimayenera kukonzekera masiku osala, koma kamodzi pa sabata.

Lamulo Lachiwiri - Chisamaliro cha Aquarium

Sayansi ya Aquarium ndichinthu chovuta kwambiri. Ngati mumagula ma aquarium oyamba kumene, ndibwino kungoyang'ana pa zida zawo kenako ndikuganiza zoyamba. Kupatula apo, chilichonse chimafunikira kukonza ndikusamalidwa, ndipo aquarium sichimaperekanso lamulo. Mu aquarium yatsopano, madzi sayenera kusinthidwa nthawi yomweyo, koma kokha miyezi ingapo. Ndipo malamulo oyambira posamalira dziwe lochita kupanga ndi malo obwezeretsa madzi, koma pang'ono. Muyeneranso kuyang'anira algae. Musaiwale kusintha fyuluta, yeretsani dothi. Kumbukiraninso kuti mupenyetse kutentha. Ndipo kumbukirani, muyenera kusokoneza anthu okhala m'madzi pang'ono momwe mungathere. Nsomba sizimakonda izi.

Lamulo lachitatu ndi momwe nsomba: zikuyenera kukhala chiyani?

Kuti anthu okhala kunyumba yakwawo azikhala mwadongosolo nthawi zonse, ndikofunikira kuwasamalira moyenerera. Choyamba, ayenera kupanga malo oyenera okhala. Ndipo chifukwa cha ichi, musanagule nsomba mu malo ogulitsa ziweto, phunzirani mosamala za mtundu wina wa nsomba. Inde, sing'anga mmodzi sangakhale woyenera kuderali, kapena kukongoletsa komwe chombo chimakhala nacho.

Mkhalidwe wachinayi ndi zida zoyenera

Kumbukirani lamulo lalikulu. Choyamba muyenera:

1. Aquarium ndi zida zochepa za izo.
2. Kudulira.
3. Zomera.

Ndipo mutatha kupeza zonse pamwambapa, mutha kuganiza zosankha nsomba. Dziwe lochita kupanga lisanasankhidwe laling'ono kwambiri. Kodi chofunikira ndi chiyani kuchokera pazida? Chifukwa chake amakhudzana ndi izi:

• sefa,
• matenthedhi,
• chotenthetsera chotentha kwambiri,
• kuyatsa.

Ndipo zonsezi mutazipeza, mutha kuyamba kukhazikitsa chotengera m'malo anu. Izi zimachitika pabwino pang'onopang'ono, mutayala chiphaso cha alendo pansi pa pansi pa aquarium. Muyeneranso kusamba dothi ndi mchenga, kuthira mu aquarium ndikudzaza ndi madzi ozizira kuchokera pampopi. Ikani fyuluta ndi chotenthetsa (ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kutentha kwa madzi nthawi yozizira). Chifukwa nsomba zimatha kufa ndi kuzizira.

Kenako, timathira madzi mpaka madigiri 20 ndikuyamba kubzala mbewu. Kuti mubzale panyumba panyumba muyenera kukhala ndiomera. Ndi zofunikira. Ngakhale pali nsomba zam'madzi zomwe zimakonda kudya mbewu, ndibwino kungowadyetsa zina. Madziwo amakhala opanda mitambo poyamba. Ndipo apa ndi pomwe simuyenera kuthamangira kwambiri. Ndikofunika kudikirira pafupifupi masiku 7. Ndipo madzi atayamba kuwonekera, mutha kuyambitsa nsomba.

Zofunika! Pogula nsomba, musaiwale kufotokozera ngati zikugwirizana.

I. Pezani zida zoyenera.

Kwenikweni aquarium palokha. Kwa woyambira m'madzi oyamba, ndibwino kuti mugule poyambira. Ikulu ikuluikulu ya m'madzi, ndizosavuta kukhazikitsa kufanana kwazinthu zachilengedwe. Kukula kwa malita 70-100 ndikofunikira bwino ngati aquarium yoyamba kwa oyambira: kufanana pamakhala kosavuta kukhazikitsa, ndikuyeretsa kumakhalabe kosavuta.

Fyuluta, chotenthetsera chowongolera kutentha, chosakanizira, zonsezi zimapezeka malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa aquarium.

Ndikwabwino kugula dothi lakuda (lokhala ndi utoto wamtopola) , ndiye kuti patapita nthawi dothi liziwonjezera kuuma kwamadzi.

Siphon yoyeretsa dothi, chopukutira kapena siponji yolimba yoyeretsa kapu ya aquarium, thermometer, maukonde nsomba.

Background wa aquarium, yokongoletsera. Poyerekeza ndi malo amdima, nsomba zimawoneka zachilengedwe kuposa mawonekedwe a wallpaper.

Kuyesa kwa magawo amadzi. Pali mayeso ambiri ogulitsa pano. Iwo ndi pepala ndi malovu. Mapepalawo amawonetsa zotsatira zoyeserera mwachangu, koma molondola, chifukwa chake, ngati mukukayika za kuyesedwa kwa pepala, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa ndi kukhetsa.

Mankhwala a nsomba za aquarium.

Samalirani kuyatsa bwino kwa aquarium. Ikaunikiridwa ndi nyali za fluorescent, mphamvu yonse ya nyali iyenera kukhala yofanana ndi theka la voliyumu ya aquarium. Zowunikira mu aquarium ziyenera kutsegulidwa kwa maola 8-10 patsiku.

Ndikofunika kwambiri kukhala ndi aquarium yokhayokha yokhayokha!

Quarantine - aquarium yopanda dothi ndi zomerazo zokwanira kuchuluka kwa nsomba zomwe timayikamo zokhazokha, zosefera ndi kuthandizira.

II. Sankhani malo azinyowa.

Osakhazikitsa aquarim pazenera. Dzuwa mwachindunji likugwera mumadzi nthawi zambiri limabweretsa madzi.

Mukamasankha malo, kumbukirani kuti kuyenda kosalekeza kwa anthu kumadzi kumawopa nsomba, zomwe zimawabweretsa kupsinjika - gwero la matenda.

Aquarium iyenera kukhazikitsidwa pazoyimira zomwe zitha kutsimikizira kukhazikika kwake kwa nthawi yayitali. Ngati ngalande pamadzi ikuyendayenda, posakhalitsa imayamba kudumphadumpha.

Chinyalala chofewa, chopanda madzi, chimayenera kuyikidwa pansi pa aquarium, popanda icho njere ya mchenga yomwe imagwera pansi pake imatha kukhala yovuta yaumakanidwe ndipo pamakhala mwayi kuti mutadzaza ndi madzi pansi pa aquarium imasweka.

Pafupi ndi aquarium payenera kukhala malo othimitsa magetsi opangira zida zamagetsi.

Malamulo Khumi a Woyambitsa Chikazi

IV. Osachulukitsa ma aquarium.

Kuchuluka kwa madzi am'madzi ndi imodzi mwazinthu zovuta kwambiri!

Mu malo osungirako nyama okhala ndi kusefa komanso zida zamoyo zazing'ono (makadinala, ma neon, zebrafish, masamba ...) muyenera malita 1.5 pa nsomba iliyonse, chifukwa nsomba zapakatikati (barba, guppies, pecilia, armfish, catfish yaying'ono, labyrinths ...) - Malita asanu, kwa nsomba zazikulu (ma cichlids ang'ono ndi apakati, catfish yayikulu, cyprinids ...) - malita 15 pa nsomba.

Ziwerengerozi ndizofanana kwambiri, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuchuluka kokwanira kwa nsomba iliyonse mu aquarium. Kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwakokwanira kwa nsomba iliyonse sikuyenera kupitilira kuchuluka kwa madzi mu aquarium.

V. Yendetsani malo oyendetsa bwino nyanja.

Mitsuko ya m'madzi yopanda zopopera, ikani ndi kuyimitsa pamtondo.

Wiritsani dothi kwa maola awiri kapena atatu, ndiye muzimutsuka bwino m'madzi.

Mizere ndi miyala yosonkhanitsidwa ndi mtsinje, nyanja, ndi zina, ziyenera kusungidwa kwa theka la ola mu yankho la "kuyera" (gawo 1 la "kuyera", magawo 30 mpaka 40 a madzi) ndikutsukidwa bwino madzi. Afufuzeni ndi viniga kuti muwonjezere kuuma kwamadzi.

Wiritsani driftwood kwa maola 8-10 mu mchere wosakanikirana (1 makilogalamu amchere pa malita 30 amadzi), zilowerere kwa masiku awiri mpaka atatu m'madzi angapo, yang'anani Driftwood kuti isinthe ngati nitrite (Driftwood yomwe imatulutsa ma nitrites m'madzi sayenera kuyikidwa mu aquarium )

Dzazani dothi lochapidwa mpaka masentimita 5-7 pansi pa aquarium ndikuyika miyala, grottoes, driftwood.

Ikani zida mu aquarium: fyuluta, compressor, kutentha controlator.

Thirani madzi pompopompo mu aquarium (mukayamba aquarium, ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito biostarter, mwachitsanzo, Sera nitrivec).

Yatsani ndikusintha zida zam'madzi.

Tsekani chivindikiro, musayatse nyali mu aquarium.

Pukutani pansi ndi chinsalu ndikusiya chokha kwa masiku 10, ingoyang'anani zida nthawi ndi nthawi.

Pakatha masiku 10, madzi am'madzi atha kukhala oyera.

Tsopano mutha kuyatsa kuyatsa kwa maola 8-10 patsiku (ngati kuli kotheka, ndiye kuti muyatse theka lokha lazowunikirazo).

Chongani zomwe zikuwonetsera ngati muli ndi mayeso, ngati zikumana ndi magawo, dzalani ochepa nsomba ndi zomera zomwe zimakhala mu aquarium.

Musaiwale kupatula nsomba ndi mbewu izi zisanachitike.

Osadyetsa nsomba kwa masiku awiri kapena atatu, yang'anani momwe aliri.

Pakatha sabata, muzichita kuyeretsa koyamba m'madzimo, m'malo mwa madzi ndi kubzala nsomba ndi mbewu zabwino.

Mwanjira imeneyi, phatikizani malo anu m'madzi mpaka nsomba ndi zomerazo zimakwaniritsidwa milungu inanso itatu, kutengera kuchuluka kwa madzi am'madzimo (kutalika kwake, kutalikirana kwanthawi yayitali).

Madzi akayamba kunyentchera, musadyetse nsomba ndipo musasinthe madziwo mpaka nyansi itazimiririka.

Lamulo lachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi kusonkhanitsa zambiri za nsomba

Kodi mukufuna kupewa mavuto omwe angabuke pambuyo pokhazikitsa nsomba ku aquarium? Musachite manyazi, funsani ogulitsa kumalo ogulitsa ziweto zam'madzi za nsomba ndi zomwe zili, werengani zambiri kenako zonse zikhala bwino. Kupatula apo, nsomba zonse ndizosiyana. Zina ndizochepa, zina ndi zokulirapo. Ena amakhala odekha, ena ndi ankhanza. Ndipo pali, mwachitsanzo, zodyera. Kumbukirani kuti kuchokera ku chisankho chanu chabwino kuti zonse nsomba zikhale bwino komanso kuti mkati mwazithunzithunzi muzikhala.

Zofunika! Oyamba oyambitsa nsomba asamaberekepo nsomba zambiri nthawi imodzi!

Lamulo lachisanu ndi chiwiri - yambani nsomba yatsopano pang'onopang'ono!

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, kuwulutsa kwa nsomba kuyenera kuchitika pokhapokha dziwe lochita kupanga litha kunyumba. Kumbukirani kuti ngati simutsatira malamulo onse, madzi am'madzi amadzala ndi mitambo ndipo nsomba zimafa.

Nthawi zambiri, pamakhala vuto, atapeza nsomba, owerenga ambiri samadziwa zoyenera kuchita .. Kwa akatswiri odziwa zam'madzi, izi sizovuta popeza ayambitsa nsomba pamakina. Koma oyamba kumene amakhala ndi mavuto. Choyamba muyenera kuyika thumba la nsomba mu aquarium. Amusiyire pomwepo. Chifukwa chake, nsomba amazolowera chilengedwe. Inde, ndi nsomba zomwe zili kale m'madzi mu njira imeneyi kuti mumudziwe. Kenako mukuyenera kuyamba kutsitsa kachikwama pansipa, kuti madzi ochokera ku aquarium alowe m'thumba. Asiyeni ikhale kwakanthawi, kenako ndikutsegulira nsombawo m'madzimo kuchokera m'thumba.

Zofunika! Nsomba zodula kwambiri, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri!

Lamulo lachisanu ndi chitatu ndi mtundu wamadzi

Zomwe nsomba zimapezeka, zilizonse zimakhudzidwa ndimomwe madzi amapangira. Ndipo kudzazidwa kwa aquarium kuyenera kuyamba ndikuwunika mawonekedwe amadzi. Magawo onse amomwe amaphatikizidwira madzi amatha kuwunika pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso apadera amadzi a aquarium. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kugula kuyesa koteroko.

Kenako ikani madzi ofunikira mu chubu choyesera chowuma bwino, kapu, ndi galasi. Onjezani chizindikiro cha reagent kumadzi, gwedezani chubu choyesera ndi madzi. Pambuyo pa mphindi 5, yerekezerani zotsatirazi zomwe zikutchulidwa mu khadi lanu. Kutengera zotsatira zomwe muyenera kuchita. Ngati madziwo adakhala ovuta kwambiri, ndiye kuti amafunikira kuti afewe.

Lamulo lachisanu ndi chinayi ndi logulitsa labwino

Tsopano, pakati paukadaulo wamakompyuta, mutha kupeza yankho la funso lililonse kunyumba popita pa intaneti chifukwa cha ichi. Koma kulumikizana kwathunthu kuli bwino. Ndipo ngati muli ndi mwayi komanso tsogolo lingabweretse pamodzi ndi wosaka nsomba wa pamadzi, ndiye kuti wopeza poyambira amakhala wotsimikizika pakuswana nyumba ya nsomba. Zingakhalenso bwino kupanga zibwenzi ndi wogulitsa mu malo ogulitsa ziweto, kuti mupeze osati kukhala phungu wodziwa zambiri, komanso m'tsogolo, kuchotsera, kuthekera kwabwino komanso ufulu wakusankha nthawi yoyamba yomwe mukufuna.

Lamulo lakhumi - aquarium ndizosangalatsa zanga!

Chofunikira kwambiri m'madzi am'madzi ndikumachita nsomba mwamphamvu, koma osadzikakamiza. Chitani izi kuti zibweretse chisangalalo komanso zosangalatsa. Kupatula apo, ili ndi tchuthi chenicheni kunyumba. Pafupi ndi malo osungira, mungathe kukhala nthawi yambiri ndikuwona momwe nsomba zimagwirira ntchito.

Kuphatikiza apo, asayansi atsimikizira kuti kuyambitsa ndi kuyang'anira nsomba kumawongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso kumachepetsa dongosolo lamanjenje. Ndipo ngati pali ana kunyumba ang'ono, ndiye iyi ndi mphindi yabwino kwambiri yophunzirira. Kupatula apo, kuyambira paubwana, kusamalira nsomba kumawaphunzitsa kusamalira ndi kusamalira. Zowonadi, ndi anthu ochepa omwe angafune kuyesa koyambirira kwa nsomba kukhala kowawa ndikutha pamapeto pa nsomba. Zowonadi, nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti ma novice oyenda pansi, atalephera kuthana ndi mavuto, amathetsa maloto awo.

Osataya nthawi yomweyo, ndipo pakapita kanthawi zidzafika nthawi yomwe wodziwa ntchito zamasamba azikula kuchokera kwa woyambira wopanda nzeru yemwe angathandize oyambitsa omwewo ngati iye, kugula ma aquariums oyambira okha milungu ingapo kapena miyezi yapitayo. Ndikhulupirireni - sizovuta!

VI. Patani nsomba zatsopano komanso mbewu.

Kukhazikitsidwa kunja ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothanirana ndi matenda onse!

Musalole kuti nsomba zomwe mumangotenga mu aquarium wamba, ziyikeni mu malo okhala anthu okhawo masiku 7 - 10.

M'malo 10% yamadzi okhazikika kamodzi patsiku ndikutsuka fyuluta kamodzi patsiku.

Dyetsani nsomba panthawiyi pang'onopang'ono, osakhuta.

Penyani masiku awa kuti mukhale ndi nsomba.

Popewa, mutha kuthira nsomba Sera Costapur malinga ndi malangizo.

Mukakhala kwaokha, gwiritsani ntchito malo okhala pansi ndi ziwiya zonse ndi yankho la "kuyera" (1:30) ndikumatsuka ndi madzi.

Zomera zatsopano ziyeneranso kukhala kwaokha.

Iwayikeni mu njira yothetsera “kuyera” kwa mphindi 3-5 (gawo limodzi la "kuyera", magawo 30 mpaka 40) ndi kutsuka bwino ndi mafuta ena otentha a chlorine.

Ziloweka zatsopano m'mbale yatsopano pawindo kwa masabata 3-4.

VII. Osasamutsa nsomba kuchokera kumadzi kupita ku ina nthawi yomweyo.

Kusintha kwakuthwa kwa magawo amadzi kumabweretsa kupsinjika kwa nsomba, ndipo, chifukwa chake, matenda.

Ziyenera kukhala pang'onopang'ono, mkati mwa maola 1.5 - 2, muzithira madzi mu thumba la mayendedwe (gombe) ndi madzi anu amadzimadzi, potero pang'onopang'ono magawo a madzi.

Ndikokwanira kuthirira madzi oyendetsa ndi kuchuluka kwa katatu konse madzi akulu momwe nsomba zimasungidwira.

Yesani kusungira madzi pang'ono kuchokera ku chikwama chotumizira (chitha) mu aquarium.

Viii. Musamamwe mowa.

Musamadye kwambiri, nsomba zamtundu wabwino - nsomba zanjala.

Dyetsani zakudya zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuti chilichonse chikadyedwe mphindi zisanu. Zakudya zosadyedwa zimawola ndipo zimawononga madzi mu aquarium.

Kamodzi pa sabata, konzekerani tsiku losala nsomba.

Gwiritsani ntchito zakudya zokha zokha, musamagwiritse ntchito zakudya zotsika mtengo ngati daphnia zouma, zitha kubweretsa zovuta zambiri mu aquarium.

Kumbukirani kuti ndi chakudya cham'mimba mutha kupatsira aquarium.

IX. Samalirani Aquarium.

Tsiku lililonse, yang'anani kuwonekera ndi kununkhira kwa madzi, kutentha, ntchito ya zida zam'madzi. Dyetsani nsomba.

Kamodzi pa sabata, yeretsani fayiloyo, pukuta galasi pa algae, chotsani masamba a mbewu zowonongeka ndi algae, sonkhanitsani zinyalala kuchokera panthaka komanso pamwamba pa madzi, sinthani madzi 20-30% (mungagwiritsenso ntchito madzi ampopi osayera, chinthu chachikulu ndikufanizira kutentha kwa madzi a aquarium ndikuwonjezera) .

Yang'anirani magawo am'madzi a aquarium (mayesero a pH acidity, gH yokhazikika, NO2 nitrites).

Kamodzi pa mwezi mosamala nthaka.

X. Nthawi zonse khalani ndi mankhwala otsimikiziridwa bwino a nsomba pafupi.

Sera Costapur ndi njira yokhazikitsidwa bwino ya ichthyophthyroidism (madontho oyera) ndi majeremusi ena a khungu, monga costia, chylodonella ndi trichodin, pamadzi abwino komanso nsomba zam'madzi.

Sera omnipur ikugwira ntchito pothana ndi matenda wamba am'madzi ammadzi am'madzi oyera: matenda a bakiteriya, zowola, matenda oyamba ndi mafangayi (Saprolegnia, Achlya), chikwangwani cha khungu (costia, Chilodonella), trichodiosis, oodiniosis, gill ndi mphutsi za pakhungu (Dactylogyrus kapena Gyrodactylus) .

Sera micopur ndi wothandizirana ndi bowa (Saprolegnia), khungu ndi mphutsi zam'madzi mu aquarium yamadzi oyera, komanso kupewa matenda oyamba ndi caviar.Kuphatikizira munthawi yomweyo kwa ectopur ya sera kumapangitsa kuti mankhwalawa azigwira bwino ntchito.

Sera baktopur amasamalira bwino matenda obwera chifukwa cha bakiteriya pakamwa ndi zipsepse ndi chinsalu chofiirira chakumaso pakhungu ndi zipsepse m'madzi ndi m'madziwe oyera.

Osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa anthu akamagwira nsomba.