Buluzi wokhala ndi mawonekedwe akadaumba, mwina ndi njira imodzi yotetezeka kwambiri. Uku ndi "kuthambalala" kwa mdani wokhala ndi magazi otulutsidwa m'maso. Mumakonda bwanji? Malingaliro anga, kotenga pang'ono.

Lizard kapena Phrynosoma (Chilatini: Buluzi wokhala ndi nyanga, Lizard yamagazi)

Mokwanira pali mitundu 16 ya abuluziwa a fuko la iguanas, ndipo osachepera anayi aiwo amatha "kuwombera" motero.

Mabuluzi okhala ndi mawonekedwe. Kodi simukuganiza kuti dzina loti "amphibian" mwanjira ina silimagwirizana bwino ndi chithunzi cha cholengedwa ichi. Chifukwa chomwe adatchulidwira, mudzaphunzira pambuyo pake.

Frinosomes ndi abuluzi ang'onoang'ono (mpaka 13 masentimita m'litali) ndi thupi looneka ngati disc, mchira wamfupi komanso mutu wammbali, wotetezedwa ndi omwe atuluka kale - "nyanga".

Thupi lawo lonse limakutidwa ndi miyeso yolimba yamiyeso yosiyanasiyana. Pazina mwa izo, ma tubercles kapena ma pointic apafupi amapezeka. Mapulogalamu atali kwambiri komanso owala kwambiri ali pamchira. Mano owombana motsatizana amathanso kudutsa malire onse pakati pamsana ndi m'mimba. Zovala zoterezi zimapatsa buluzi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino.

Mano mmbali mwa thupi

Mtundu wawo umatengera malo ndipo nthawi zambiri umatsimikiziridwa ndi mtundu wa dothi. Chifukwa chake, mitundu ina imakhala ndi mtundu wowala, ina - yakuda, bulauni, etc.

Mtundu wowala Mtundu wonyezimira

Kwa nthawi yonse yomwe adakhalapo, abuluzi owoneka ngati manja apanga njira zingapo zotetezera - kuyambira pazovuta mpaka zapamwamba kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, pakakhala vuto, amatha kuwuma mwadzidzidzi ndikuyesera kuphatikizana ndi chilengedwe. Njira imeneyi ikagwira ntchito, pomweponso abuluzi amayamba kuyenda pang'ono posakhalitsa. Ngati izi sizikugwira, ndiye kuti ma phinososomes amatuluka pamiyendo ndikulowetsa matupi awo, ndikukulira pafupifupi kawiri. Monga ngati zovala kapena achule. Chifukwa chake dzina lawo linapita - chule.

Buluzi wamagazi

Wowukira akakhala kuti sakawopa kuti buluzi akutenga mbali kwambiri, amayamba kuwombera magazi m'maso mwake. "Kuwombera" koteroko kumatheka chifukwa chotseka magazi kuchokera kumutu. Chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mutu, capillaries amaphulika kuzungulira eyel. Kenako buluzi amafinya minofu inayake, ndipo magazi ake akamakakamizidwa, amatuluka m'maso. Kutembenuka koteroko kumasokoneza kwa womenyayo ndipo pozindikira zomwe zachitika, buluziyo imathawa mwachangu kunkhondo.

Frinosomes amafalikira kudera lalikulu - kuchokera kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Canada kupita ku Guatemala, ndipo ambiri a iwo amakhala kumwera chakumadzulo kwa United States ndi Mexico. Awa ndi anthu okhala m'mphepete mwa mapiri komanso mapiri. Zimapezeka pathanthwe komanso pamiyala. Mitundu ina imakhala m'mapiri, pamalo okwera mamitala 3500 pamwamba pa nyanja.

Amadyetsa tizilombo komanso akangaude. Nyerere ndi kukoma kwawo.

Panthawi yobereketsa - Epulo-Juni - achimayi amaikira mazira mpaka 37 pama foni angapo. Pakatha mwezi umodzi, abuluzi 3-5 masentimita amawoneka, omwe ali odziimira kale. Samataya nthawi pachabe, kutsatira nzeru zam'kati, amayamba kudzigoneka mumchenga wopanda pake kuti abisike kwa omwe amadana nawo.

Kuikidwa Bulu wamng'ono Lizard kapena Phrynosoma (Chilatini: Buluzi wokhala ndi nyanga, Lizard yamagazi)

Kufotokozera

"Misozi yamagazi", mawonekedwe osazolowereka - amawonetsa zomwe abuluzi a mitundu ya Phrynosoma asio adasandulika nyenyezi zenizeni za zoo zilizonse kapena chiwonetsero cha nyama zosowa. Kuphatikiza pa mawonekedwe ake odabwitsa, abuluzi okhala ndi mawonekedwe sakhala ovuta kuwasamalira. Amalekeredwa mosavuta, osakonda achibale awo, omwe amalola kuti azisungidwa m'magulu.

Mbiri ya ubale wapakati pa anthu ndi abuluzi a mtundu wa Phrynosoma idayamba kale. Mitundu ya Phrynosoma asio idayamba kufotokozedwera mu 1864. Komabe, akatswiri ofukula za m'mabwinja apeza umboni wa zikhalidwe zakale za Amereka zaku America zamasiku anthawi yakale Columbian America monga Anasazi, Hohokam, Mogollon ndi Mimbreno (amapezeka makamaka kumwera chakumadzulo kwa gawo lamakono la USA ndi Mexico) zokhala ndi zithunzi za anthu a mtundu wa Phrynosoma pamatope, zojambula za mphanga komanso ndalama. Masiku ano, zikhalidwe zambiri ku Mexico zimaganiza kuti abuluzi ndi opatulika ndipo amakhulupirira kuti akhoza kuchira. Ku Mexico, anthu okhala komweko adapereka mphutsi yawo ngati "torito de la Virgen", yomwe m'Chisipanishi imatanthawuza "gule wa Namwali".

Kunja, abuluzi opanga mawonekedwe amakhosi amasiyana ndi omwe amapanga. Pakati pa anthu amtundu wa Phrynosoma, abuluzi amtundu wa P. Asio ndiakulu kwambiri. Ndiye chifukwa chake amatchedwanso abuluzi akuluakulu oliza ndi nyanga. Kuphatikiza apo, anthu amtunduwu ali ndi thupi loonda kwambiri ndipo ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi abuluzi wamba kuposa abale awo. M'mphepete mwa m'mimba mwake mumakongoletsedwa ndi mizere iwiri ya spikes, yomwe ndi yopanda mbali. Komanso, mizere itatu yamiyala ikuluikulu yowoneka ngati kakhazikika ili paliponse pa thupi la buluzi, masikelo 30-30 olimba kwambiri amakhala m'chigawo cha gawo lalikulu kwambiri la buluzi, koma "nyanga" pamutu pa buluzi ndizopangira mafupa.

Mtundu wa buluzi wamkulu yemwe ali ndi nyanga zimadalira malo omwe akukhalako ndipo amatengera mtundu wa malo, chifukwa mitunduyi imabisala kuti iteteze kwa adani. Anthu ena omwe amakhala m'malo amchenga amatha kukhala ndi mtundu wowala, pomwe anthu omwe amakhala pakati pa dothi lakuda kapena lofiirira amakhala ndi mithunzi imodzimodzi.

Kukula kwa buluzi kuyambira pamphuno ya mphuno mpaka kumchira kwa mchira kuli pafupifupi 202 mm, pomwe kutalika kwa thupi lopanda mchira kuli pafupifupi 115 mm. Mtunduwu umakhala ndi mchira wamfupi kwambiri kuposa abuluzi amtundu wina.
Nthawi yayitali yomwe munthu amakhala ku ukapolo ndi zaka 12 mpaka 13.

Chiyambi ndi malo okhala zachilengedwe

Mitundu Phrynosoma asio adapatsidwa mtundu wa Phrynosoma (buluzi wooneka ngati wamkati) wa banja Phrynosomatidae wa gawo loyambirira la Iguania (iguanaceae). Mu 1828, a genus adalandira dzina lasayansi Phrynosoma, lotanthauza kuchokera ku Greek kuti "phrynos" amatanthauza "toad" ndi "soma" amatanthauza "thupi".

Kukhazikika kwamtunduwu kumafikira ku gombe lakumwera kwa Pacific Ocean of Mexico kuchokera ku Colima kudzera pagombe la Michoacan, Guerrero, Oaxaca kupita ku Chiapas, komanso m'mbali mwa mtsinje wa Balsas. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa zolengedwa zakujambulidwa ku Guatemala. Mitunduyi imakhala nthawi zonse panyanja komanso pamalo okwera mpaka 750 m pamwamba pa nyanja.

Mitundu ya biotopu imakhala ndi ma savannah, nkhalango zowuma, nthawi zina mmbali mwa msewu, komanso malo azaulimi.

Moyo

Phrynosoma asio amakhala moyo wapadziko lapansi. M'masiku otentha, abuluzi amagwira ntchito nthawi yamadzulo, nthawi yochepa kwambiri, komanso nthawi yophukira komanso nthawi yophukira amatsogoza nthawi yamasana.
Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti abuluzi onga maula amakonda kudya ngati gulu, pomwe zidadziwika kuti m'chilengedwe amakhala m'magulu.

Izi zokwawa zilibe njira yeniyeni yosakira, zimangokhala pafupi ndi zisa zachisawawa ndi mitundu ina ya nyerere, popeza ndizo gawo lalikulu la abuluzi wooneka ngati mano. Amakhala alibe poizoni wa nyerere zambiri, chifukwa, zimadziunjikira mu plasma ya zokwawa.

Phrynosoma asio amagwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo zodzitetezera kwa adani: choyambirira, buluzi limazizira pamalo osasunthika kuti uphatikizane ndi mtunda. Ngati izi sizingathandize, zimayamba kuyenda mwachangu pamtunda waufupi, kenako mwadzidzidzi zimayimitsa chisokonezo chomangoyendayenda. Komanso, mtunduwu umatha kutupira pafupifupi kawiri, kuwoneka wowopsa komanso kukankhira pansi, kotero kuti nyama zomwe zimadya sizimatha kugwira buluzi ndi nsagwada zawo.

Ndipo zikafika poti palibe chimodzi mwanjirazi chimasowetsa mdani, buluzi wooneka ngati mkombowo amatha kugwiritsa ntchito kulumikizidwa kwa minyewa m'maso mopanikizika kuti asweze magazi kuchokera m'makutu a eyelids akuphulika kwambiri. Njira zotchinjiriza zotere sizimangosokoneza zilombo, komanso poizoni, yemwe wazunguliridwa m'mwazi wamagazi a zokwawa, zimagwira ena mwa iwo (makamaka zimbudzi) ndikuwawopsa.

M'nyengo yozizira, anthu a mtundu wa Phrynosoma asio hibernate (brumacia), amadzikwirira pansi pamasamba kapena pansi. Panthawi yozizira, abuluzi samadya chilichonse, ntchito zawo zimakhala zochepa, amangomwa madzi nthawi zina. Pa hibernation (pafupifupi miyezi 4 kuyambira Novembala mpaka Epulo), anthu amachepetsa pafupifupi 10% ya kulemera kwawo.

Zoyenera kumangidwa

Buluzi wokhala ndi mawonekedwe amiyendo amakhala m'magulu awiri mwa akazi amodzi ndi amuna awiri.

Terrarium: posunga munthu m'modzi kapena awiri akulu, ndikofunikira kusankha terarium yopingasa yopanda 70cm x 50cm x 50cm (kutalika x m'lifupi x kutalika). Pakuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero cha anthu, kukula kwa malo ogwiritsidwira ntchito kuyenera kukwezedwa ndi 10% m'litali ndi m'lifupi kwa aliyense wowonjezera. Nthawi yomweyo, kutalika sikofunika kwambiri, chinthu chachikulu ndikuti mtunda kuchokera pakatikati mpaka pazinthu zotenthetsera sizidutsa 30 cm.

Gawo laling'ono: kukula kwa gawo lapansi kuyenera kukhala masentimita 10-15. Kusakaniza kwa mchenga ndi dothi powerengera 70% mpaka 30% ndichisankho chabwino ngati dothi lamabuluzi ooneka ngati mano. Komabe, mchenga sukulangizidwa kuti musankhe bwino kwambiri kuti isafumbi komanso osakhumudwitsa mucous membrane wa reptile.

Kutentha kwa Zinthu: Kutentha kwa masana masana kumayenera kukhala 23-25 ​​° C, ndipo usiku kutsikira mpaka 20-21 ° C. Pakutentha, mpweya uyenera kutenthedwa mpaka 32 ° C. Kuti magetsi azikhala otentha amafunika kuti abuluzi wooneka ngati chala kuti azitha kupanga zinthu zachilengedwe.

Zowunikira: maola masana nthawi yotentha (Meyi mpaka Ogasiti) akuyenera kukhala maola 13, kumayambiriro kasupe (Marichi, Epulo) ndi kuyambilira yophukira (Seputembara, Okutobala) - maola 11, koma m'miyezi yotsala mpaka maola 10. Monga kuyatsa, nyali za fluorescent ndizoyenera. Kuphatikiza apo, nyali za UVB ziyenera kuyikidwa mu terarium.

Kusunga chinyezi: nthawi yamvula (kuyambira Meyi mpaka Okutobala), mulingo wanyontho uyenera kukhala 70-80%. Gawo lapansi panthawiyi liyenera kukhala lonyowa, koma osati lonyowa. Pa hibernation (kuyambira Novembala mpaka Epulo), mulingo winyezi suyenera kupitirira 40%, nthawi yonseyo pafupifupi akhale 50%. Kuphatikiza apo, mbale yomwera ndi madzi oyera iyenera kuyikidwa mu terarium, kutentha kwake komwe sikuyenera kugwa pansi pa 22-23 ° C.

Dongosolo: kupanga malo okhala bwino kwambiri pothawira, makhoma ake ayenera kutsekedwa ndi kapangidwe kapadera, onjezerani malo okhala. M'nyengo yotentha, mbewu zam'mlengalenga zitha kukhala zopanda chimbudzi, koma chisamaliro chikuyenera kuthandizidwa kuti chisawononge ubulu. Pa hibernation, ndikofunikira kuti chikhala chinyezi chochepa kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuchotsa mbewuzo kuchokera kumalo otetezedwa, chifukwa chake mbewu zobzalidwa mumiphika kapena amadyera ochita kupanga zinthu zimakhala yankho labwino.

Kudyetsa akapolo

Mwachilengedwe, ma frinosomes amadya nyerere, koma ngati kulibe, abuluzi amakana akangaude, komanso tizilombo tina tomwe timakumana nawo m'njira zawo.

Ali kundende, abuluzi owoneka ngati maofesi amafunika kudyetsedwa ndi nyerere, cickets ndi maphemwe, ndipo nyerere zimayenera kupezeka pakudya kwa Phrynosoma asio. Mitundu ya nyerere Pogonomyrmrex barbatus ndi Pogonomyrmrex rugosus ndiwo amakonda pakudya abuluzi. Ayenera kupezeka mu chakudya chake tsiku lililonse. Kusintha kwa zakudya, nthawi zina mungathe kuphatikiza ufa wa Khrushchak. Nyama siziyenera kupitirira kukula kwa mutu wa buluzi.

Ndikofunikira kudyetsa anthu amtundu wa Phrynosoma asio tsiku lililonse, munthawi yogwira kwambiri - iyi ndi nthawi yam'mawa kapena yamadzulo. Ndikwabwino ngati kudyetsa kumachitika m'mawa, pafupifupi ola lathunthu kuyamba kwa nthawi yamasana, buluzi itayamba kale kutentha.

Mavitamini komanso michere yama michere yopangidwira zinkhwewe zimayenera kuwonjezedwa ku chakudya kawiri pa sabata.

Kuswana

Nthawi yakukhwima m'mabuluzi ooneka ngati chikhomo imayamba nyengo yamvula ikadzayamba, anthu akamatuluka mosatentha, amatentha dzuwa ndikuwonda. Nyengo iyi igwera pa Meyi-Juni. Pambuyo pa kukhwima bwino, atatha masiku 60-70, mkaziyo amayikira mazira pafupifupi 20, omwe amawayika mu gawo lonyowa m'malo otentha mpaka mainchesi 3. Nthawi yodzilowetsa imatenga masiku 90-100 pa kutentha 27-27 ° C.

Pambuyo pogwirira, nyama zazing'ono ziyenera kusungidwa mgulu la anthu osapitilira anayi kuti njira yodyetserayo iyang'anitsidwe. Monga nyama, perekani nyerere zazing'ono, komanso mayendedwe ang'onoang'ono. Ndikofunikira kudyetsa achinyamata kukula kawiri pa tsiku.

Zilengezo.

Ogulitsa adawoneka akavalo achifumu kwa ma ruble 1900.

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Mwayi wopambana mipira, mothandizidwa ndi zomwe mutha kulipira patsamba lathu mukamagula nyama ndi katundu wawo *

* Kuti mupeze mfundo, muyenera kutitsatira pa Instagram ndikuyankha mafunso omwe timafunsa pazithunzi ndi makanema. Aliyense amene amayankha molondola woyamba amalandila mfundo 10, zomwe ndi zofanana ndi ma ruble 10. Mfundozi zakhala ndi nthawi yopanda malire. Mutha kuwawononga nthawi iliyonse patsamba lathu pogula zinthu zilizonse. Kuvomerezeka kuyambira 03/11/2020

Tisonkhanitsa zofunsira kukolola kwa chiberekero kwa ogulitsa mu Epulo.

Mukamagula famu ya nyerere patsamba lathu, aliyense amene akufuna, nyerere ngati mphatso.

Kugulitsa Acanthoscurria geniculata L7-8. Amuna ndi akazi ku 1000 rubles. Ogulitsa ruble 500.

Kugawa ndi zakudya

Mabuluzi okhala ndi mawonekedwe akunyumba ali ponseponse m'gawo lalikulu - kuchokera kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Canada kupita ku Guatemala, pomwe ambiri amakhala kumwera chakumadzulo kwa United States ndi Mexico. Amakhala m'mphepete mwa mapiri komanso paphiri, ndipo amapezeka pamchenga komanso pamiyala. Mitundu ina imakhala m'mapiri, pamalo okwera mamitala 3500 pamwamba pa nyanja. Buluzi uyu amadya tizilombo tosiyanasiyana ndi akangaude, makamaka ngati nyerere.

Khalidwe loopsa

Zovala zazingwe apanga njira zingapo zodzitetezera - kuyambira zosavuta mpaka zamakono. Chifukwa chake, akakhala pachiwopsezo chotheka, amadzidzimutsa mwadzidzidzi ndikuyesera kuphatikiza ndi chilengedwe, zomwe sizoyipa kwa iye chifukwa cha mtundu wawo woteteza. Njira imeneyi ikagwira ntchito, abuluzi amayamba kuyenda mwachidule mosakhalitsa. Ngati izi sizigwira ntchito, ma phrenosomes amatseguka pamiyendo, amalowetsa matupi awo ndikuwongolera mamba opanga dorsal, kukhala ochulukirapo kuwirikiza kawiri. Amadziwika kuti mtundu womwewo wamakhalidwe amakhalanso ndi mivi - chifukwa chake dzina la abuluzi awa - mawonekedwe achule. Wowukira akakhala kuti sakumuwopseza, buluzi amatenga njira zowonjezera - amayamba kuwombera magazi m'maso mwake. "Kuwombera" koteroko kumatheka chifukwa chotseka magazi kuchokera kumutu. Chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mutu, capillaries amaphulika kuzungulira eyel. Kenako buluzi amafinya minofu inayake, ndipo magazi ake akamakakamizidwa, amatuluka m'maso. Kwa wozunza, kutembenukira kotereku kumasokoneza mdani, komanso, kukoma kwa magazi a buluzi sikosangalatsa amphaka ndi agalu (ngakhale sizikhudza mbalame za nyama). Nyamayo ikazindikira zomwe zinachitika, buluziyo imathawa mwachangu kunkhondo. Ngati zilombozo zimagwira ndi kuyesera kuti chigwire, ndiye kuti mupewe kugwidwa ndi mutu kapena khosi, abuluzi ooneka ngati maondo agwada kapena, nawonso, kwezani mitu yawo m'njira yowongolera misana yawo kumbuyo kapena kumbuyo. Ngati wolusa amayesa kugwira buluziyo ndi thupi, limakanikizira pansi mogwirizana, osaloleza kubweretsa nsagwada pansi pake. Komabe, abuluzi ooneka ngati akholi amatha kuyikidwa pansi. Pa dothi lamchenga, iwo ... amapukusa mitu yawo mumchenga. Ngati dothi likhala lolimba, buluzi limapanikizidwa ndipo, likusunthasuntha mbali ina, limaboweka mbali ina ya dziko lapansi ndipo m'mphepete mwake limaponyera kumbuyo kwake. Ndipo patapita kanthawi amakwatirana kwathunthu.

Kuswana

Panthawi yobereketsa - Epulo-Juni - akazi abuluzi abuluzi kuyimbira pang'ono kuyikira mazira 40. Pakatha mwezi umodzi, abuluzi 3-5 masentimita amawoneka, omwe ali odziimira kale. Samataya nthawi pachabe, kutsatira nzeru zam'kati, amayamba kudzigoneka mumchenga wopanda pake kuti abisike kwa omwe amadana nawo.