Catfish ndi nsomba yabwino komanso yokoma ya banja la dzuwa, lomwe ndi lumo. Chimakhala chakuya kwa mamita 300 mpaka 1700. Nsomba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika zakudya zotsekemera komanso zopatsa thanzi. M'mawonekedwe, zimawoneka ngati moray eel kapena eel. Thupi limakhala lokwera ndipo limakhala ndi mutu wosalala komanso chibwano cholimba. Kulemera kwa munthu wamkulu ndi kilogalamu 30. Imapezeka munyanja zam'madzi za Arctic, Pacific, Atlantic, kuphatikizapo nyanja za Baltic ndi Barents.
Malangizo a nsomba
Zimapitilira kugulitsa mawonekedwe achisanu. Mikhalidwe Yosankha Zogulitsa:
- Nyama imagulitsidwa m'mitundu yayikulu, imakhala ndi utoto woyera,
- kuyimbira sikuyenera kukhala kopyapyala komanso kusweka mukamata,
- Ngati matalala oundana ali ndi pang'onopang'ono kapena chikasu, ndiye kuti mtengo walephereka, ndibwino kukana,
- yang'anani ma CD kuti mudziwe komwe adzagwidwe ndi kupangidwa (nyama yozizira imasungidwa kwa masiku osaposa 60).
Kalori
Zambiri zopatsa mphamvu za nsomba yaiwisi ya Atlantic yaiwisi ndi 96 kcal pa 100 g yazinthu zonse. Ndiwopatsa thanzi chifukwa cha mapuloteni ambiri. Mbedza yophika imakhala ndi 114 kcal pa 100 g, ndipo nsomba yophika yomwe ili ndi 137 kcal. Osamagwiritsa ntchito nsomba yokazinga, 100 g yomwe ili ndi 209 kcal, chifukwa izi zingapangitse kuti muwoneke mapaundi owonjezera.
Zopindulitsa
Nyama ya nsomba iyi imadziwika ngati chakudya. Ili ndi mapuloteni komanso mafuta ambiri. Mu 100 magalamu atsopano a zinthu - 126 Kcal. Nsomba zimakhala ndi mafuta osakwaniritsidwa, ma amino acid, mavitamini A, magulu B, C, D, E, PP, mchere (calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, potaziyamu). Pali zinthu zambiri zosowa mmenemo. Muli cobalt, sulufu, chromium, ayodini, fluorine, chitsulo, zinc, ndi zina zambiri. Phindu lalikulu la mphaka ndizakuti michere ndi zinthu zofunika zimatengedwa mwachangu komanso zochuluka. Ngakhale atasenda, zinthu zambiri zofunika zimakhalabe.
Kukhazikika kwa zakudya munthawi zonse kumachepetsa cholesterol m'magazi, kusintha mulingo wamchere, kumapangitsanso thupi kukhala ndi mavitamini, kusintha magwiridwe amthupi, komanso kuthetsa kunenepa kwambiri. Nsomba ndizofunikira kwambiri ku atherosulinosis, matenda oopsa, matenda a shuga, kapamba ndi cholecystitis.
Ochita masewera amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito mbale pazakudya zawo. Amabwezeretsa mphamvu mwachangu ndi kukweza thupi.
Izi ndizabwino komanso zopatsa thanzi zomwe sizisiya aliyense wopanda chidwi. Nyamayi imakhala ndi kukoma komanso kosangalatsa. Nsomba zimatha kuthira mchere, kuwaza, kuwiritsa, kuphika, kuwotedwa. M'njira zonse, ndi wathanzi komanso chokoma.
Zambiri za kuphika mphaka - kuwulula zinsinsi
Pali maphikidwe ambiri opanga mbale ndi mphaka. Izi zitha kukhala zosiyanasiyana komanso zazikulu kwambiri. Nsombazo zimasungunuka (osati kwathunthu), zimatsukidwa m'madzi ozizira. Mamba ndiosavuta kuchotsa mukanyowa, motsutsana ndi kukula. Zipsepizo zimadulidwa ndi lumo kapena mpeni. Wopereka amachotsedwa. Filimu yakuda pamakoma am'mimba iyeneranso kutsukidwa. Nyama siigawika nkomwe ndi mbuna. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kudula nyamayi m'njira yopanda theka, mwinanso imafalikira ku ulusi.
Anthu ambiri amakonda kudya nsomba yokazinga. Poterepa, nyama yakufa ndiyotsuka mamba ndi zipsepse. Kenako, imagawidwa kukhala ntewe. Kotero kuti mukaphika zidutswa za mphaka siziwonongeka, tikulimbikitsidwa kukonkha nsapato ndi mchere ndikuwasiya kuti akhalebe mwamtunduwu kwa mphindi 30. Kenako, mcherewo umachotsedwa. Chidutswa chilichonse chimviikidwa mu batter (chilichonse, mwanzeru) ndikuwaphika pamoto wochepa mumafuta a masamba mpaka kutumphuka kutapezeka. Osagwiritsa ntchito chivundikiro.
Mbale yophikidwa mu zojambulazo ndi yokoma kwambiri. Asanaphike, mtembo uyenera kutsukidwa ndi kufinya, ndikuchotsa chinyezi. Kenako mwachangu zamasamba amakonzedwa kuchokera ku kaloti ndi anyezi. Nsombazi zimasinthidwa kukhala zojambulazo, masamba ndi tchizi zophika (ngati zingafunike) zimayikidwa pamwamba. Zakudya zophika kwa mphindi 20 pa madigiri a 180.
Kodi nsomba za mphaka zimawoneka bwanji ndipo zimakhala kuti?
Mphaka wamtunduwu amafanana ndi matendawa am'mimba, ofanana ndi njoka. Ndi ya percussion ndipo ili ndi kukula kwakukulu, nthawi zina kutalika kwa nsomba yotere imatha kufika pafupifupi mamita 1.6. Sili wokongola kwambiri, titha kunena kuti mawonekedwe ake ndi owopsa. Mutu waukulu, nsagwada zamphamvu, ma fangs otulutsa - ndichifukwa chake asodzi ankakonda kuopa nsomba za amphaka. Ngati agwidwa, ndiye kuti mutu wake udawuma ndikuyika mnyumba zawo kudabwitsa alendo awo ndi cholengedwa chachilendo.
Koma izi siziri choncho. Nsagwada zoyipa zam'madzi zimagwira nawo ntchito, koma zimapangidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mozama pamiyala ndi pansi pa miyala. Umu ndi m'mene nsomba za nsomba zimadyera. Chakudya chake chachikulu ndi nsomba zazing'ono, ma bollus, crustaceans, jellyfish. Chifukwa chake, sizosadabwitsa kuti mano amakumbukira komanso kuwonongeka, ayi. M'nyengo yatsopano, zatsopano zimawonekera pamalo a mano otaika.
Catfish ili ndi dzina lachiwiri mwa anthu - "nkhandwe ya panyanja". Koma mkwiyo wake ndi wodekha komanso wofatsa. Amabisala mozama ndipo imangotuluka pokhapokha akafuna kugwirira. Amatsogolera pang'onopang'ono kokasaka, osabisalira.
Osiyanasiyana aku Scuba omwe adachezera kuya akuwonera momwe adakhalira bata. Sanawagonjetse ndipo sanakhudze nsomba yaying'ono yomwe inasambira pafupi, kudikirira zotsalazo za chakudya chake. Koma ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti panthawi yangozi nsomba ndizokonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito nsagwada zake zoyipa. Pakadali pano, muyenera kumuopa. Amadziwika kuti ndi ma fangala ake amatha kuluma mwakachetechete kapena buti wakuda wachikopa.
Habitat
Malo okhala kwakukulu ndi nyanja zamchere. Mutha kukumana ndi nsomba kumpoto, Atlantic ndi Arctic. M'dziko lathu, nsomba zamtchire zimapezeka ku Baltic, Kumpoto, Nyanja za Barents; zidawoneka m'malo oyera. Mphaka wamtundu wamtchire amakhala pamtunda wa mamita pafupifupi 500. Amakonda pansi pamatope kapena pamchenga, zokumba ndi malo amphanga.
Pali mitundu ingapo ya "nkhandwe yam'madzi".
- Kumpoto Kakutali. Ili ndi dzina lake chifukwa cha malo okhala. Nsomba zotere zimapezeka ku Kamchatka, Nyanja ya Chukchi yasankha. Ili ndi thupi lalitali, losambira mosavuta pakati pa miyala ya zisumbu. Maonekedwe ake odabwitsa akufanana ndi nyengoyi. Asodzi am'deralo adadzitcha kuti galu. Phunziroli silinaphunziridwe pang'ono, koma zimadziwika kuti limapezeka pamalo akuya osaposa 15 m, limakonda nthaka yamiyala ndi yamiyala. Nsomba sizogulitsa, mwamwayi zimatha kukhala mu ukonde.
- Zosemedwa Ndili ndi dzina chifukwa cha mtundu wake. Imakhala ndi mikwingwirima yakuda m'thupi lonse. Kutalika kumatha kufika 1.5 m, kulemera - mpaka 20 kg.
- Ziphuphu. Nsomba zazikuluzitali kuposa 2m. Ngakhale izi, kulemera kwake ndizochepa. Amadyetsa makamaka ma crustaceans, zipolopolo ndi zipolopolo, zomwe zimaluma mosavuta ndi mafangidwe ake.
- Sandy. Ili ndi dzina lachiwiri - nsomba wamba. Izi ndiye zamtundu wa banja kwambiri.
- Buluu Ndili ndi dzina chifukwa cha mtundu wake. Pali mitundu yomwe imakhala ndi utoto wochokera ku imvi kupita ku buluu wowala.
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa nsomba zamtambo ndi motley
Poyamba, tiwunikanso zinthu zomwe mitundu iyi imakonda:
- nsagwada zazikulu, zamphamvu, zowopsa
- Onsewa amakonda kumpoto kwa Nyanja ya Atlantic,
- dyetsani nsomba za jellyfish, crustaceans, mollusks, echinoderms, etc.,
- ali ndi mikhalidwe imodzimodzi: amakonda kukhala kwakanthawi ndikukhala mozama,
- kusaka chabe, kudikirira kulanda kwawo,
- khalani ndi kukoma komweko komanso kupatsa thanzi.
- Maonekedwe abuluu ndi okulirapo pang'ono kuposa motley.
- Mtundu wosiyanasiyana.
- Blue catfish imakonda kuya, ndiwokhazikika kuposa okongola, owala amakonda kusaya.
- Mphaka wamtchire ndi waconde kwambiri kuposa mtundu wabuluu.
- Blue catfish imakhala ndi mafuta ochepa kuposa ma mottled.
- Maonekedwe a motelo ali ndi ulusi wokhala ndi minofu yambiri.
- Nyama yamatumbo a motley ndi yovuta kwambiri komanso yolemera, chifukwa chake mtengo pamsika ndiwokwera.
- Woimira mitundu ya buluu ali ndi vitamini A.
- Mbedza zamtundu wa Motley ndizofunikira kwambiri chifukwa cha mphamvu zake komanso kukoma kwake.
Kuphatikizika ndi zopatsa mphamvu
Catfish imayimira nyanja zam'madzi ndi nyanja zam'madzi. Izi zimakhudza kakomedwe kake ndi kapangidwe ka mafuta. Asayansi atsimikizira kuti kutentha kochepa kumakulolani kuti musunge asidi ndi mafuta m'thupi. Ndipo mu mphaka ndizokwanira za iwo, zomwe omega-3 ayenera kusiyanitsidwa. Ngati tizingolankhula za mankhwala apuloteni, ndiye ndi kuchuluka kwake mwa nsomba, sakhala otsika ngakhale kwa tiger shrimp.
Poyerekeza ndi nsomba monga cod, catfish imakhala ndi ma calories ambiri. Kwa 100 g ya mankhwala - 126 kcal, kwa motley pang'ono - 105 kcal. Mulibe chakudya m'madzi, koma okwanira ndi mapuloteni ndi mafuta.
Zofunika! Zopatsa mphamvu za kalori zimatha kukhala zosiyanasiyana ndipo zimatengera njira yake yokonzekera. Nsomba yokazinga imakhala ndi caloric yochuluka kuposa nthunzi kapena yophika.
Kuphatikizika kwa "nkhandwe ya panyanja" kumakhala ndizinthu zofunikira zotsatirazi:
Zinthu zonse zofunikira zomwe zili mu nsomba sizitha kulembedwa patsamba limodzi. Titha kunena kuti mu mphaka wa nsomba mumapezeka zinthu zina zonse kuchokera patebulo la nthawi. Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi, ndiye kuti simungawononge ndalama pamavitamini okwera mtengo. Nsombazi zimapereka zinthu zonse zofunikira komanso zofunika, ma macro- ndi ma microelements omwe angalole machitidwe onse amthupi kugwira ntchito mokwanira.
Mwa mavitamini, magulu B, E, A, C, D, PP ayenera kusiyanitsidwa.
Zofunika kudziwa! Ubwino wa fillet ya nsomba ndimakudya wawo mosavuta.
Phindu lonse
Catfish imakhala ndi ayodini wambiri, chifukwa cha ichi tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la chithokomiro. Muli zinthu zambiri zamapuloteni zomwe zimafunikira ana, okalamba, amayi oyembekezera komanso oyembekezera. Ili ndi kapangidwe ka omega-3 otsitsa cholesterol.
Catfish fillet, chifukwa cha zinthu zamtengo wapatali mmenemo, imalimbikitsidwa kwa anthu omwe akudwala matenda a mtima. Catfish imakhala ndi phindu pa kufalikira kwa ziwalo, imalepheretsa chitukuko cha atherosulinosis ndi malo opatsirana, imalimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi.
Chifukwa cha potaziyamu, catfish imachotsa mchere wambiri ndikuwonjezera kutupa. Vitamini D imakhala yothandiza pakuphatikizika kwa magazi, imalimbitsa minofu ya mafupa ndi minofu, komanso dongosolo lamanjenje. Ndipo vitamini PP imalepheretsa kukula kwa atherosulinosis.
Kudya pafupipafupi kwa catfish kumathandiza:
- ndi chimbudzi,
- matenda oopsa
- kusakhazikika kwa kagayidwe m'thupi,
- ischemia.
Nyama ya Catfish imalimbikitsidwa kwa anthu onse, kupatula, kuyambira ndi ana ndikutha ndi okalamba. Ndiwothandiza makamaka kwa azimayi panthawi yoyembekezera komanso pakubala.
Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake komanso nyama yochepa yam'makola, "nkhandwe ya panyanja" imatha kuwerengedwa gulu la zakudya. Mothandizidwa ndi fillet ya nsomba sikovuta kusungitsa mphamvu yogwira ntchito ya thupi pamlingo woyenera. Nyama ya Catfish imathandizira minofu ya minofu ndikuletsa ulusiwo kuti usakomoke, ndipo makamaka sizikuthandizira kuchepa kwawo. Mukamapangira zakudya ndi mphaka, kulemera kwake kumachepera pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kosavuta kwa zigawo zamafuta. Komanso, kuchepa kwa mchere komanso zinthu zina zofunikira sizimachitika.
Zofunika kudziwa! Mphaka sangathe kusinthidwa ndi zinthu zina. Zimatha kupanga zinthu zomwe zikusowa mthupi. Ndikokwanira kumwa nyama kawiri m'masiku 7 kuti muchepetse calorie kudya tsiku lililonse.
Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chojambulira cha "nkhandwe yapanyanja" m'masiku osala kudya. Koma osazunza, zokwanira 2 pa sabata.
Kwa akazi
Seabass fillet imathandiza azimayi, makamaka kwa iwo omwe amatsatira mawonekedwe awo. Ndi iyo, mutha kuchepa thupi kapena kukhala ndi masiku osala kudya. Idzazitsa thupi ndi mchere wofunikira, mavitamini ndi michere, kotero sipadzakhala kuchepa kwa michere pakudya.
Kuphatikiza apo, catfish imachulukitsa unyamata, popeza imakhala ndi phindu pa ntchito ya thupi lonse. Kuti mukhale ndi khungu latsopano, tsitsi labwino ndi misomali, muyenera kuphatikiza mu fillet yanu yazakudya kuchokera "nkhandwe yam'madzi".
Kwa amuna
Kwa ogonana olimba, amphaka amphaka sakhala othandiza kwambiri kuposa azimayi. Mapuloteni omwe ndi gawo la nyama amachotsa poizoni ndikuchepetsa cholesterol, amatulutsa kagayidwe kachakudya.
Chifukwa cha vitamini D wopezeka mu nsomba, minofu yam'mafupa imalimba. Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse mphaka kumalimbitsa minofu.
Mukamayamwitsa
"Nyanja Wolf" akuvomerezedwa kuti aziphatikiza muzakudya zawo azimayi panthawi yoyamwa. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti nyama imatha kuwonjezera kapena kufulumizitsa kupanga mkaka, koma nsomba zimakweza mkaka wabwino. Chifukwa cha izi, mwana azitha kupeza zinthu zofunikira komanso zofunika kwambiri kuti azikula. Inde, ndipo mkaziyo adzachira msanga atabereka mwana.
Kwa ana
Thupi la ana limafunikira mavitamini, michere, michere ndi michere yambiri. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mphaka kwaana ndikulandiridwa. Kuphatikiza apo, zimatsimikiziridwa kuti nyama ya nsomba imasintha kukumbukira, imakhala ndi phindu ku ubongo. Chifukwa cha zomwe zili zofunikira mmenemo, mwana amalimbitsa minofu ya mafupa ndi minofu.
Mfundo ina yofunika pakuphatikizidwa kwa nsomba zam'madzi pazakudya za mwana ndikuti kudya nyama yam'madzi nthawi zonse kumalimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi, kusintha moyo wonse, kumakhutiritsa maselo ndi minyewa ya thupi ndi zinthu zofunika.
Kodi nsomba za Catfish ndizothandiza kwa matenda ashuga
Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti odwala matenda ashuga aphatikizirenso nsomba zamkati mwa zakudya zawo. Nyama ya "nkhandwe yam'madzi" idzachepetsa cholesterol, ichotsa mchere, imapangitsa metabolism m'thupi. Ndipo izi ndizofunikira kwambiri ku matenda monga matenda a shuga.
Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti nyama ya mphaka imachepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi matenda amtima komanso matenda ashuga, imachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, imalimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi, komanso imachepetsa nkhawa.
Kuvulaza ndi zotsutsana
Mphaka sakhala nazo zotsutsana. Choipa chokhacho chitha kukhala kusalolera kapena chizolowezi chokhala ndi chifuwa. Mwachitsanzo, sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi iwo omwe ali ndi hypersensitive ku nsomba.
Pali mfundo zina:
- Mukamapangira zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mapuloteni otsika muzakudya, ndibwino osaphatikiza nsomba muzakudya.
- Nthawi zina madokotala samalangiza "nkhandwe" panyanja kwa ana omwe sanakwanitse zaka 6.
- Ma carcinogen amapezeka mu nyama yokazinga nsomba, chifukwa chake samalani mukamagwiritsa ntchito.
- Iwo ali osavomerezeka kudya nyama yam'madzi mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a kapamba komanso matenda amisempha ya endocrine.
Koma musaiwale za kusinthasintha. Nthawi zonse nkhanza zimabweretsa zotsatirapo zosayembekezereka. Ndikokwanira kuphika nsomba kawiri kawiri m'masiku 14. Ndipo anthu omwe akudwala matenda oyamba ayenera kufunsa kaye ndi dokotala wawo ndikugwirizanitsa zakudya zawo ndi iye.
Momwe mungasankhire ndikusunga
M'masitolo, catfish imagulitsidwa mazira kapena kozizira. Pokonza nsomba yabwino, ndikofunikira kutsatira mfundo zina posankha:
- Maso. Ayenera kukhala ndi mtundu wowala, akhale waukhondo komanso wopepuka. “Maso” a nsomba ndi m'maenje awo mumakhala chinsalu. Ngati nsombayi imagulitsidwa popanda mutu, ndipo palibe njira yodziwitsira kuyera kwa maso, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuti musagule chinthu choterocho.
- Nyama. Fillet ya catfish yatsopano imakhala yotakata nthawi zonse ndi mthunzi wosangalatsa. Ndikwabwino kusankha chinthu chokole, chifukwa filimu yozizira singamve kukoma. Nsombazo zimatha kusungunulidwa kuposa kamodzi ndikuwundanso, zomwe zimakhudza kukoma kwake.
- Maphiri. "Nkhandwe" yatsopano imakhala yapinki kapena yofiyira. Ayenera kukhala opanda ntchofu. Ngati ma gilawo amanunkhira kosasangalatsa, khalani ndi bulauni kapena mtundu wa beige, ndiye kuti nsombayo siatsopano. Zoterezi siziyenera kutengedwa.
- Mitembo. Zosefera zabwino sizikhala zomata, ziyenera kusewerera. Ngati mulimbikira nyama yatsopano ndi manja anu, iyenera kubwerera momwe idalili.
- Belly. Ngati mucous ndikukulitsidwa, zikutanthauza kuti nsombazo zimasungidwa molakwika, malamulo osungirako anaphwanyidwa.Zoterezi siziyenera kutengedwa.
- Makala. Khungu la nkhandwe yapamadzi yatsopano imakhala yosalala, ndipo mamba ake amakhala omangika.
Zofunika! Sungani nyama yophika mufiriji osapitilira tsiku limodzi. Panthawi imeneyi, kukoma kwake sikunawonongeke. Ngati nsombayi yazizira mufiriji, ndiye osapitilira miyezi iwiri.
Mbatizi zilibe mafupa, motero ndizosavuta kudula ndi kuyeretsa.
Kusunga
Sungani nyama ya mphaka mufiriji osapitirira tsiku limodzi. Ndikwabwino kuphika nsombayo nthawi yomweyo kuti isakhale ndi nthawi yoti ithe. Ngati idagulidwa yachisanu, ndiye kuti itha kutumizidwa mufiriji ndikuigwiritsa ntchito ngati pakufunika.
Fillet ya "nkhandwe ya panyanja" ndiyothandiza kwambiri, chifukwa chake, ikasungidwa bwino, sizitaya "zozizwitsa" zake. Kudya nsomba moyenera kumadwalitsa thanzi la anthu, kudzazitsa thupi ndi zinthu zofunika komanso zopatsa thanzi.
Momwe mungaphikire zokoma za catfish: maphikidwe
Nyama ya seabass imakhala yonenepa kwambiri komanso yokongola pang'ono. Chifukwa chake, kuti chisasweke, muyenera kutsatira malangizo ochepa:
- Zidutswa za nyama ya nsomba ziyenera kukhala zazikulu.
- Ndikofunika kumawilowetsa m'madzi amchere ndi mandimu kuti ulusiwo uzilimbitsa, ndipo nyamayo siyigwa pokhapokha yokazinga.
- Ndikofunika kuti muziwaza kaye zidutswazo pamoto wambiri, kenako ndikuphika pang'onopang'ono, kuti zinthu zonse zofunikira zizikhala mu nsomba.
- Osagwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa zokometsera, tsabola wokwanira ndi mchere.
Mu uvuni
Pophika, tifunika:
- Mphaka Wam'madzi amtundu wina -
- mandimu - 1 pc.,
- mchere, tsabola - kulawa.
- Timatsuka zidutswa za nsomba, koma osatsuka khungu kuti nyama isawonongeke.
- Timapanga timadontho tating'onoting'ono pamtunda wa.
- Mchere, tsabola, kuwaza ndi mandimu.
- Pukutani zidutswa mu zojambulazo ndikutumiza ku uvuni kwa theka la ola. Kuphika sikuyenera.
- Kutentha kwa kuphika kwa nsomba ndi madigiri 180.
Sangalalani ndi nyama yotsekemera ndipo mukhale athanzi!
Mu poto
Gwiritsani ntchito skillet yachitsulo kuphika nsomba. Tidzafunika:
- fillet ya "nkhandwe yam'madzi" - zidutswa zingapo zazikulu,
- mafuta a masamba - popaka mafuta poto,
- ufa - wowedza nsomba
- mchere, tsabola - mwakufuna kwa mlendo.
- Mafuta pansi poto ndi mafuta. Muyenera kukhala achuma kwambiri ndi mafuta. Kuti muchotse "nkhandwe yam'madzi" ndizokwanira kukhetsa madontho ochepa.
- Sakanizani ufa ndi mchere ndi zigawo za nsomba mkati mwake. Timaziyika mu poto yokazinga ndikuyika mafuta.
- Choyamba, kuphika kutentha kwakukulu ndikuwaza magawo mbali zonse, ndiye kuti muchepetse mpweya, kuphimba ndi chivindikirocho ndikuvindikira kuti chikukonzeka. Nthawi yophika - mphindi 15. Pamaso kutentha mafuta sikoyenera, apo ayi nsomba zidzawotchedwa.
Mu poto mukumenya
Tidzafunika:
- nyama ya nsomba - ½ kg,
- mchere, tsabola - kulawa,
- mafuta a masamba - yokazinga,
- mandimu - ½ ma PC.
Kupanga kumenya:
- dzira - 1 pc.,
- ufa - supuni zingapo,
- madzi - theka chikho,
- vodika - 50 g.
- Timatsuka zidutswa za nsomba kuchokera pakhungu, zipsepse ndi mafupa. Mu Chinsinsi ichi, zidutswa za catfish ziyenera kukhala zazing'ono. Zingakhale bwino ngati nsomba itadulidwa mutizidutswa tating'ono.
- Ikani zithunzizo m'mbale ina, tsabola ndi mchere.
- Finyani nyamayi ndi mandimu ndikusiyira momwemo kwa mphindi 20 kuti nsombazo zitha kuyamwa zonunkhira ndi mandimu.
- Timakonzera batter: timalekanitsa yolk ndi dzira, kusakaniza ndi vodka ndi madzi. Onjezani ndi supuni yamafuta amchere, mchere ndi kusakaniza bwino (kumenya ndi whisk kapena foloko).
- Amenya mapuloteni otsala ndikuwonjezera pang'ono pang'onopang'ono. Sakanizani.
- Tizilombo tambiri timamizidwa m'matumba ndipo timatumizidwa kuti timayang'aniridwe ndi mafuta.
- Finyani zigawo mbali zonse ziwiri, kenako ndikuyika pa thaulo la pepala.
- Lolani kukhetsa mafuta ndi mafuta.
Wophika pang'onopang'ono
Kuphika nyama pophika pang'onopang'ono, timafunikira zinthu monga:
- chinsalu cha catfish - zidutswa zingapo zazikulu,
- mpunga - theka lagalasi (pophika ndibwino kutenga mpunga wofiira),
- anyezi - anyezi sing'anga,
- kaloti - 1 pc. kukula,
- rosemary - 1 sprig,
- msuzi wamasamba - 1 chikho,
- mchere, tsabola, zonunkhira - kulawa.
- Timatsuka nyama kwathunthu. Timachotsa mafupa, khungu ndi zipsepse.
- Tidula anyezi m'mphete za theka ndikuziyika pansi pa multicooker.
- Dulani kaloti kukhala m'mphepete ndikuyika anyezi.
- Kuyambira pamwamba mpaka pansi timatumiza nthambi ya rosemary. Simungathe kugwiritsa ntchito. Izi ndi nzeru za wolowetsa alendo.
- Timatsuka mpunga ndikuthira pamasamba.
- Timakonza msuzi wamasamba ndikuwathira masamba ndi mpunga, kuti aphimbidwe ndi madzi.
- Timayambitsa zidutswa za nsomba pamwamba.
- Mchere, tsabola, onjezerani zonunkhira kuti mulawe.
- Timatseka chivundikiro, ndikukhazikitsa njira yozimitsa mphindi 40. Makina a pilaf nawonso ndi oyenera.
Pa grill
Pophika, tifunika:
- nyama ya nsomba - 1 kg,
- anyezi - 250 g
- mayonesi - 300 g
- viniga (ndi bwino kumwa apulo) - supuni ziwiri,
- shuga - supuni 1 imodzi,
- mpiru, adyo wowuma, mchere, tsabola - kulawa.
- Dulani mphete za anyezi.
- Timatsuka nsomba zam'madzi kuchokera pakhungu, mafupa ndi zipsepse.
- Timayika nyama yam'madzi mu mbale ina ndikuyika mabedi anyezi pakati pawo. Zidutswa za nsomba ziyenera kukhala zazikulu.
- Kuphika marinade: kusakaniza mayonesi ndi viniga, kuwonjezera shuga ndi zonunkhira. Mchere msuzi ndikusakaniza bwino.
- Thirani marinade yomalizidwa ndi nsomba ndi anyezi. Simungasakanize zidutswa. Nyama ya nsomba ndiyachifundo kwambiri, ndiye musawakhudze.
- Timatumiza nsomba kwa maola awiri mufiriji.
- Timalandila nyamayo, ndikuyimangirira pa skewing.
- Timayatsa barbecue ndikuwedza nsomba kwa mphindi 20, ndikutembenuza ma skewing.
- Catfish shish kebab imatha kuthiriridwa ndi mbatata yokazinga kapena yophika.
Khutu la Catfish
Pophika, tifunika:
- mbatata - 4 ma PC. kukula,
- nyama yamkaka - 5-6 zazikulu,
- kaloti - 1 pc. kukula,
- balere - supuni 1,
- tsamba la Bay - tsamba 1,
- mchere, tsabola - kulawa,
- amadyera - mwakufuna kwa alendo.
- Timayika madzi pamoto ndikubweretsa chithupsa, mchere, tsabola.
- Tizilomboti timatenthedwa m'madzi otentha ndikuphika kwa theka la ola.
- Pamene nsomba ikuphika, kudula mbatata ndi kaloti kukhala ma cubes kapena maudzu.
- Timachotsa nsomba mumsuzi ndikuyiyika pambali ina. Timatsuka nyama kuchokera pakhungu, mafupa, zipsepse.
- Sulani msuzi ndikuuwotanso pamoto.
- Onjezani balere wa pearl ku msuzi ndikuphika kwa mphindi 10.
- Timatumiza masamba otsalawo m'madzi otentha ndikupitiliza kuphika kwa mphindi zina 15.
- Amadyera odulidwa.
- Musanatumikire, onjezani fillet ya nsomba ndi masamba ku msuzi.
Zosangalatsa
- Catfish imakhala ndi moyo pafupifupi zaka 20.
- Nsombazo zimakhala ndi nsagwada zamphamvu, zomwe zimatha kuluma phesi kuchokera pafosholo popanda kuchita khama kwambiri.
- Mphaka wamtchire amang'amba pansi pake ndi ma fang.
- Nsomba idalandira dzina chifukwa cha mano. Makungu ake amatuluka kutsogolo ndikuwoneka ngati khwangwala. Chifukwa chake, dzina lake lachiwiri ndi "nkhandwe yapanyanja".
«Zofunika: Zambiri patsamba lino zimaperekedwa pazachidziwitso chokha. Musanagwiritse ntchito malingaliro aliwonse, funsani katswiri. Sikuti olemba kapena olemba ndi omwe amabweretsa vuto lililonse pazinthuzi. ”
Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Catfish
Nsomba za Catfish (zomasuliridwa mu Chilatini - Anarhichadidae) ndi am'banja la radius. Oyimira oyamba a gululi amadziwika kuti ndi nthawi ya Silurian. Nsomba zakale kwambiri zomwe adapeza m'gululi ndi zaka pafupifupi 420 miliyoni. Nthawi yomweyo, nsomba za ray-fin zokhala ndi miyeso ya ganoid zinali zofala kwambiri. Pafupifupi 200 Ma, adasinthidwa ndi anthu a bony (omwe akuphatikizapo nsomba zamakono - pafupifupi 95%).
Kanema: Nsomba za Catfish
Chomwe chimasiyanitsa ndi anthu okhala ndi ma ray ndi kupezeka kwa msana. Khungu limatha kukhala lopanda kanthu kapena lophimbidwa (ndi mamba kapena mafupa). Kapangidwe ka thupi ndichopanda malire. Mukuyenda komwe adachitika, oyimira ma ray adagawidwa m'magulu ambiri. Tsopano akukhala m'madzi onse apadziko lapansi (mwatsopano komanso m'madzi). Catfish imaphatikizidwa m'gulu la zinkhanira-ngati (malangizowa akuphatikiza mitundu 2,000).
Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za gululi ndi:
- malo - madzi osaya / nyanja (oyimira madzi oyera okha 60),
- chakudya - makamaka mayamwidwe a crustaceans (kudyetsa nsomba zazing'ono sikofala kwambiri),
- mawonekedwe achilendo - ziphuphu zozungulira (zamkati ndi zowala), mitu yamkono,
- kukula kwake - kuchokera 2 mpaka 150 cm.
Dongosolo laling'ono la scoropodiformes, lomwe nsomba zamtundu wa catfish, umatchedwa zoyera-dzina (dzina lapadziko lonse - Zoarcoidei). Oimira ake onse amawasiyanitsa ndi thupi lalitali ngati nthiti, ziphuphu zazitali komanso kupezeka kwa anal fin. Nsomba za Catfish nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa "Nyanja Wolf" kapena "Galu Wam'madzi". Izi zimayambitsidwa ndi mtundu ndi nsagwada, zomwe tikukambirana pansipa.
Agawidwa m'magulu otsatirawa:
- wamba (wamizere). Chochititsa chidwi ndi kupezeka kwa mafambo owoneka ngati timachubu tating'ono ndi kakang'ono kakang'ono,
- mawanga. Oyimira gulu lino malinga ndi kukula ali pakati pa buluu wamtambo wamtambo ndi wamamba. Mphamvu zawo zimakhala m'mano osakhazikika,
- abuluu. Mtundu wa nsomba zotere umakhala pafupifupi monophonic, wakuda. Amakhala ndi mano owoneka bwino kwambiri kuposa ena,
- Kumpoto Kakutali. Chochititsa chidwi ndi kuchuluka kwa ma vertebrae ndi mano amphamvu,
- chakudya. Amasiyana ndi oimira ena ndi thupi lalitali komanso mitundu ingapo yamalaya m'mipimo.
Chosangalatsa: Nthawi zambiri nsomba za kaboni wa Carbonate zimakhala m'gulu la anthu okhala m'madzi. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha maonekedwe ena a nsomba zina zamtchire.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake
Chithunzi: Catfish nsomba m'madzi
Ndizosatheka kunena kuti nsomba zamkati mwa njira inayake zimachita zinthu mwapadera kapena zimadyera kwambiri. Chojambula chawo chachikulu, chomwe chiri chododometsa komanso chodabwitsa, ndi mawonekedwe. Zachilengedwe zinapatsa nsomba izi ndi mtundu wosazolowereka komanso chibwano chosakhala chazizindikiro.
Mitundu yayikulu ya thupi la nsomba zam'madzi imatha kuwerengedwa kuti:
- thupi: Thupi la nsomba zamtchire limakhala lalitali ndipo limapanikizika mbali. Kumutu, kumakulitsidwa. Thupi limagwera kumchira. Mimba ndiyenda. Choyimira chimayamba pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo kuchokera kumutu. Ndiwokwera kwambiri ndipo umafikira pafupifupi kumapeto. Zikopa zonse ndizazunguliridwa,
- Mtundu: Mtundu wa nsomba wamba ndi wachikaso komanso imaso. Imathandizidwa ndi mikwingwirima yosunthika (mu kuchuluka kwa zidutswa 15), kudutsa bwino mpaka kumapeto. Zidutswa zazing'onoting'ono zakuda
- nsagwada: Ndi mano omwe amasiyanitsa nsomba izi. Pakamwa pa anthu awa pali mano amphamvu komanso amphamvu. Kutsogolo kwa nsagwada kuli maukosi owoneka bwino - magawo owopsa kwambiri a nsagwada. Izi ndizotikumbutsa ma fungo a agalu. Kumbuyo kwawo kuli mano opera ozungulira, osawopsa. Zinali zinthu zamtaya izi zomwe zidakhala chifukwa cha dzinali.
Chowoneka Chosangalatsa: Makina akuluakulu amkhaka samapangidwira kusaka nsomba. Cholinga chawo chachikulu ndikuchepetsa kubera kwa miyala kuchokera pamiyala. Mano amasinthidwa nyengo iliyonse. Pakusintha kwawo, nsomba zam'madzi zimadya njala kapena kudya zakudya zazing'ono (zopanda zipolopolo) zomwe zimatha kumeza kwathunthu.
Kukula kwa mphaka kumadalira zaka zake komanso malo omwe amakhala. Kutalika kwa nsomba kumakhala kuyambira masentimita 30 mpaka 70. Komabe, kulemera kwawo sikawonjezerapo 4,8 kg. Komabe, m'mphepete mwa Canada, panalinso nthumwi za kalasi ya catfish 1.5 mita kutalika. Anthu okhala m'madzi momwemo anali kulemera pafupifupi 14 kg. Kuchuluka kwa nsomba zakale kumatha kufika pamitengo yayikulu (mpaka 30 makilogalamu). Koma ndi miyeso yotere, catfish nthawi zambiri imasambira pafupi ndi gombe. Kutalika kwa moyo wa mphaka ndi zaka 20.
Kodi nsomba zamkati zimakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: nsomba za Catfish ku Russia
Nsomba za Catfish zimakonda kukhala m'madzi otentha komanso otsika. Kwambiri amapezeka m'madzi am'madzi. Zimapezeka padziko lonse lapansi. Nthawi zambiri, nsomba za mphaka zimakonda "kukhala kunja" pansi pa nyanja / nyanja.
Chiwerengero chokwanira cha oimira gululi chinapezeka m'malo otsatirawa:
- Nyanja yakumpoto
- Kola Peninsula (kumpoto kwa madzi ake),
- Kola ndi Motovskaya bays,
- Svalbard (mbali yakumadzulo kwa gombe lake),
- North America (makamaka gawo la Atlantic la madzi),
- Zilumba za Faroe,
- Chilumba,
- Nyanja Yoyera ndi ya Barents (madera awo ozama kwambiri).
Makonda amphaka zam'madzi amapatsa nsomba zosowa. Amabisalira mwala, momwe kumakhala kokwanira kuti angodzibisalira (chifukwa cha mtundu wawo). Nthawi yomweyo, ndizovuta kwambiri kukumana ndi nsomba pagombe. Kuzama kocheperako komwe amakhala komwe kuli pafupifupi mamilimita 150-200. M'nyengo yozizira, nthumwi za catfish zimakonda kupumula mozama mpaka 1 km. Nthawi yomweyo, mtundu wa munthu umasinthanso - umawala.
Malo okhala amatinso mitundu ya nsomba. Chifukwa chake, nsomba zamkati zimatha kupezeka pagombe la North America (mkati mwa gombe la Pacific). Ndipo Far East - ku Norton Bay kapena pachilumba cha Pribylova.
Tsopano mukudziwa komwe nsomba zam'madzi zimakhala. Tiwone zomwe amadya.
Kodi nsomba zamkati zimadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Catfish
Zakudya za nsomba za mphaka ndizosiyanasiyana (zomwe zimatheka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa moyo wam'madzi).
Zakudya za omwe akutsatira a nyama zam'madzi zotsatirazi amadya:
- nkhono (zolumikizira za gastropods, zomwe zimakhala makamaka m'malo osanjika),
- nkhanu ndi nkhanu zing'onozing'ono (nsomba zazinkhanira, akhwangwala, shrimps ndi ena oimira arthropod masiku a nyanja),
- nyama zodyedwa (zokhala ndi mafelemu oyamba ndi ozungulira, momwe mulibe gawo lamtsempha),
- hedgehogs (okhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja omwe ali mgulu la echinoderms),
- nyenyezi (nthumwi za nyama zapamadzi za gulu la zolembera zam'madzi zam'madzi),
- jellyfish (nyama zam'madzi zam'mimba zomwe zimakhala zokha m'madzi amchere),
- nsomba (makamaka nsomba zamitundu yosiyanasiyana).
Pambuyo pa “nkhomaliro” wamtambo, miyalayi imangokhala mapiri opanda zipolopolo. Nthawi zambiri, pamakhala kuti malo omwe oyimilira ng'ombe amakhazikika m'derali.
Chowoneka Chosangalatsa: Ngakhale atakhala mwamphamvu bwanji zigamba / zipolopolo pamtunda uliwonse, silingaime kutsogolo kwa catfish. Chifukwa cha nsomba zamphamvu za nsombazo, mphindi zochepa zimatsegula chakudya chomwe chimatha ndikuchiphwanya.
Zokonda zake zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mitundu ya nsomba. Chifukwa chake, nsomba zamamba amodzi zimadyedwa makamaka ndi nsomba. Sakonda kuterera kukuntha ndi ma crustaceans. Nsomba zowazidwa zimakonda echinoderms pa nkhomaliro. "Chakudya" ichi chimasankhidwa ndi oyimira Far East. Amadyetsanso ma crustaceans ndi mollusks. Ndipo nsomba zamtundu wamtambo “monga” jellyfish ndi tinsomba tating'ono (ndichifukwa chake mano amakhala nthawi yayitali kuposa mitundu ina).
Chosangalatsa: Ngati mukufuna kugwira catfish pa ndodo yosodza, gwiritsani ntchito chipolopolo ngati nyambo. Ndi chithandizo chake ndikotheka kugwira anthu okhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Kuti muwonjezere mwayi wopeza bwino nsomba, muyenera kuchotsa nsomba kuti zisasakanike. Nthawi zambiri, kugunda pamiyala ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kumaliza ntchitoyi. Mafunde amawu amachititsa kuti nsomba zamtchire ziuke. Kupeza nsomba zamtundu wina ndizovuta kwambiri (zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndendende ndi zomwe amakonda).
Kufotokozera
Catfish imatchedwanso nkhandwe yapanyanja kapena mdierekezi wapanyanja chifukwa chakuti ilibe mawonekedwe osangalatsa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, mano ake ali ngati agalu: patsogolo pawo pali malupanga omwe amayang'ana patsogolo pang'ono, palinso mano ena olimba kwambiri opezeka pa nsagwada ndi pakamwa.Chochititsa chidwi ndichakuti, nsomba za mphaka zimakhala ndi zipsepse zam'maso zokha, koma zipsepse zamkati.
Pansipa mutha kudziwa nokha momwe nsomba zimakhalira, mitundu yake, zofunikira, komanso zosankha kuphika nsomba zamtundu kunyumba komanso momwe mumatha kugwiritsa ntchito nsomba izi.
Mbali ndi Mbali
Mphaka wamtchire ndi wa banja la nthenga za ray kuchokera ku gulu la percform. Imapezeka m'madzi ofunda komanso ozizira, omwe amapezeka kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi. Imayandama mosazama kosakwana mamitala 600. Amamadya pa jellyfish, nsomba zazing'ono ndi nkhono.
Mitundu ya nsomba zamkati:
- kulemera - mpaka 33 kilogalamu,
- Khungu lowumbidwa, lomwe lili ndi miyeso yaying'ono,
- thupi mpaka masentimita 240,
- chachikulu, nsagwada zamphamvu ndi mano akulu.
Catfish siili ndi poizoni, choncho imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika pokonza mbale zosiyanasiyana popanda mantha.
Ku Russia, mutha kukumana ndi nsomba mu White and Barents Sea. M'madzi abwino mulibe moyo.
Mitundu ya mphaka
Potengera utoto, thupi ndi malo okhala, nsomba za m'matchigawa zimagawidwa kukhala zotsatirazi (zomwe zikuwonetsedwa ndi mayina ndi zithunzi):
Komanso pali mitundu yamtundu wa mphaka ngati mchenga ndi nthenga.
Mitundu yonse ya nsomba zamtunduwu imakhala ndi nyama yowonda, yokhala ndi yowonda komanso yofewa, komanso ndi mafupa ochepa, omwe amachotsedwa mosavuta munyama.
Mtengo wazakudya ndi zopatsa mphamvu
Nyama ya nsombayi imawonedwa ngati yazakudya, ngakhale ilinso ndi mapuloteni komanso mafuta ochulukirapo.
- mapuloteni - 20 g
- mafuta - 5.8 g,
- chakudya - 8 g.
Kufunika kwa mphamvu ya malonda ake zimadalira momwe nsomba zamatchi zimaphikidwira.
Pafupifupi 126 kilocalories pa 100 magalamu aiwisi yaiwisi. Nyama yophika m'madzi ndipo nthunzi imakhala pafupifupi 114 kcal, yophika mu uvuni - 137 kcal, yokazinga - 209 kcal, kusuta 130-134 kcal (kutengera njira yokonzekera).
Kuphatikizika kwa mankhwala amtundu wa catfish kuphatikiza:
- ma amino acid
- mavitamini (A, B, C, D, E, PP),
- mkuwa, molybdenum, cobalt, zinc, chromium ndi chitsulo,
- zinthu za mchere
- mafuta acid osakwaniritsidwa.
Zakudya zonse komanso michere yomwe imapezeka m'mimba mwa chinsomba ndizosavuta ndikuyigaya mwachangu. Komabe, sizimatha ngakhale kutentha pakakhala mankhwala.
Tambala yokhathamira imathandizanso, koma ndibwino kuyiyika osati poto, koma pa grill.
Mukamachepetsa thupi
Kuchuluka kwa mafuta ndi zopatsa mphamvu zimasiyana malinga ndi momwe nsombayo idapangidwira. Kuti muchepetse kunenepa, ndikofunikira kuphika nsomba mu uvuni kapena zojambulazo mu poto, koma ndikuphatikiza ndi mafuta ochepa a mpendadzuwa.
Zambiri zofunikira, komanso nsomba zochepa za kalori zimapangitsa kuti zitheke, popanda kupeza mapaundi owonjezera. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mphaka, minyewa yamtunduwu imasungabe kuchuluka kwawo ndi kamvekedwe kake. Kulemera kumachepetsedwa ndikuchepetsa mafuta m'thupi. Nthawi yomweyo, kusowa kwa michere ndi mavitamini okhala ndi zakudya zotere sizimachitika.
M'malo ndi mphaka zina siziyenera. Muyenera kudya nsomba mpaka katatu pakadutsa masiku asanu ndi awiri.
Katundu wam'madzi wamtunduwu atha kuphatikizidwa mumenyu pamasiku osala, kutanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zokha. Komabe, zakudya zotere siziyenera kukonzedwa mopitilira kawiri m'masiku asanu ndi awiri.
Ntchito yophika
Catfish imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuphika. Nyama ya nsomba imakhala yofiyira komanso yofewa, yopakidwa utoto woyera, wopanda mafuta kwambiri, pafupifupi wopanda miyala.
Kukoma kwa mphaka kumafanana ndi nyama ya halibut kapena ya cod, koma pali zolemba zokoma. Chifukwa chofanana ndi maphikidwe, halibut ndi cod imaloledwa m'malo mwake ndi catfish.
Nsomba zomwe zafotokozedwazo ndi zabwino kusoka komanso kupaka poto, kuphika mu poto, kuphika mu uvuni ndi kuphika kwa grill air, grill yamagetsi kapena pa grill yokhala ndi makala, komanso kuwotchera mafuta owiritsa kawiri, microwave ndi multicooker.
Ngati mupotoza chidutswa cha nsomba kukhala nyama yoboola (nthawi zina yosakanizika ndi nyama ya pollock, nsomba ya salmon, nsomba ya pinki, flounder, nsomba), mutha kuwaza nyama yokoma komanso yowutsa mudyo. Mphaka wamtchire sangafanane ndi zinthu monga phwetekere, tsabola, belu, msuzi, anyezi, parsley, mafuta a azitona. Madzi a mandimu adzagogomezera kukoma ndi kununkhira kwa mbale yomaliza.
Mphaka wamtundu wophika mu batter ya mazira kapena mkate pamatope amatchuka. Ziyenera kufotokozedwanso kuti fillet ya nsomba siyiyenera kutumikiridwa limodzi ndi chimanga, popeza mapuloteni omwe amapezeka mu nsomba amadzayamba kuyamwa pang'onopang'ono. Monga mbale yam'mbali, ndikofunikira kumwa masamba (kabichi, mbatata, zukini, kaloti), komanso mitundu ya mpunga.
Nthawi zambiri, nsomba za mphaka zimaphikidwa mu uvuni m'miphika, zojambulazo, malaya kapena pepala lophika, komanso tchizi kapena bowa, zimathandizira ndi mayonesi, kirimu kapena mkaka.
Komanso nsomba zimaphatikizidwa ndi sosi (soya, kirimu wowawasa, kirimu kapena phwetekere). Nthawi zina, chifukwa chofewa komanso thanzi kwambiri, nsomba za mphaka zimaphikidwa mkaka.
Kuphatikiza apo, nsomba zimawonjezeredwa ku saladi, ma pie (ophika ndi makeke ophika ndi masamba), ma omeled, casseroles, msuzi wa nsomba (msuzi wa nsomba), wokonzedwera kuchokera kwa iwo ophatikizika ndi nsomba zam'madzi.
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti nsomba zam'madzi zitha kudulidwa popanga barbecue pamoto wamoto, zouma, zamchere, ndikuzisuta ndi moto wosuta.
Kuphatikiza pa nyama, mutha kutenganso nsomba caviar. Izi zimatha kuthiridwa mchere komanso kutentha.
Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kofewa komanso kowoneka bwino (mumitundu ina ya nsomba, filimu imawoneka ngati yofewa), ophika ambiri amawopa kuphika nsomba za mphaka, chifukwa nyama ya nsomba imatha kusowa, makamaka ikamazinga.
Komabe, pali njira zingapo zoperekera nsomba kuti zisasunthike:
- Asanayambe kuphika nsomba, amayenera kuwiritsa m'madzi amchere ambiri. Komabe, mukasenda, simukuyenera kuphimba poto ndi chivindikiro, apo ayi, filletayo ikadagwa.
- Zimatenga nsomba kuti inyowe mu saline kwa mphindi makumi atatu. Pambuyo pa chidacho chitha kuthandizidwanso kuphika, koma makamaka ndi khungu (kusunga mawonekedwe a chidacho).
Monga mukuwonera, pali maphikidwe ambiri omwe amagwiritsa ntchito nsomba yokoma ngati nsomba.
Njira zophikira nsomba
Pali njira zopitilira makumi asanu zakukonzekera nsomba za nsomba. Komabe, zotsatirazi zimatengedwa kuti ndizotchuka komanso zofunikira kwambiri:
- Kuyanika poto. Pofuna kuwaza bwino nsomba, imayenera kuduladula zidutswa zikuluzikulu zomwe zimafunika kuzikoloweka ndi ufa, kenako ndi mafuta pang'ono masamba.
- Kukuwotcha mu uvuni. Mwanjira imeneyi, nsomba zimaphika, zomwe zimayenera kutsukidwa, koma osafunikira kusenda khungu, chifukwa zimatha kuwira nthawi yophika. Mbali ziwiri, kudula kocheperako kuyenera kupangidwa pa nyama, kenako kudzoza nsomba ndi zonunkhira ndikuwaza ndi mandimu. Pambuyo pa chidacho, kukulani zojambulazo ndikuyika mu uvuni kwa mphindi makumi anayi.
- Kusenda wophika pang'onopang'ono. Poyamba, nsomba zimayenera kutsukidwa bwino kuchokera ku mbewu, zipsepse ndi zikopa. Pambuyo pake, tumizani zidutswa za nsomba zamkati limodzi ndi zowonjezera zina pazotengera zamakono, ndikuyika "Kutentha" kwa mphindi 40.
Asanakonze nsomba zam'nyanja, ziyenera kutsukidwa bwino kuchokera mamba ndi offal.
Choyamba, muyenera kutsuka nsomba, chifukwa masikelo onyowa ndizosavuta kuchotsa. Ngati mphaka wauma, uyeneranso kumenyedwa pansi pa madzi kuti isaterera.
Nsombazo zikatsukidwa, zimatha kutsukidwa. Muyenera kuyamba kudula mutu ndi mchira ndi zipsepse. Kenako muyenera kuchotsa mamba. Kusunthaku kuyenera kukhala kwapafupi ndikuwongolera motsutsana ndi kukula kwa masikelo (kuyambira mchira mpaka kumutu). Komanso m'mimba, pangani zofufumitsa ndikuchotsa makutuwo. Muyeneranso kuchotsa kanema wakuda. Pambuyo pake, mtembo wotsukidwa uyenera kutsukidwa pansi pamadzi ndikuthira kuphikanso.
Ngakhale kuti nsomba za catfish ndizodziwika bwino za nsomba, zimayamikiridwa kwambiri kuphika chifukwa nyama yake ndi yofewa komanso yofewa ndipo imakhala ndi mavitamini ambiri omwe amakhala ndi zinthu zambiri. Mutha kuphika fillet ya nsomba kapena nyama yankhanira m'njira zosiyanasiyana, pogwiritsa ntchito masamba ndi mbewu monga mbale ya mbali.
Zothandiza pa mphaka
Nyama ya Catfish ndiyokoma kwambiri: yofewa, yokoma pang'ono, pafupifupi yopanda mafuta komanso mafuta ambiri. Nthawi zambiri amagulitsidwa popanda khungu komanso mutu. Mtengo wa thanzi la nsomba zam'madzi ndi zambiri.
Nyama yake ili ndi mavitamini A, D, B12, E, PP, Thiamine, Riboflavin, Nicotinic ndi pantothenic acid ndi pyridoxine. Catfish imakhala ndi ma amino acid - aspartic, glutamic, lysine ndi ena ambiri. Nyama ya nsomba ndiyosavuta kugaya ndipo ili ndi michere ndi michere yomwe sitingathe kusintha, monga sodium, potaziyamu, calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc, sulfure, phosphorous, ayodini, iron, mkuwa, manganese, fluorine, ndi cholesterol. Phatikizani nsomba mumenyu yanu, simudzafunika kugula mavitamini okwera mtengo, apa pali zonse zomwe zili zofunikira kwambiri kwa ife kuti zitsimikizire ntchito yofunika yathu.
Mutha kuphika nsomba za mphaka ndi mbatata. Kuti muchite izi, dulani chidutswa cha nsomba zamkati ndikuyika zigawo zophika ndi mafuta, ndikuyiyika mbatata yomwe idapangidwa mu cubes sentimenti ziwiri pa nsomba, nyengo ndi mchere, tsabola, kuyika pamwamba pa mbatata ya anyezi, kenako phala la mbatata ndi mchere komanso tsabola. Pamwamba ndi mayonesi ndi kuwaza ndi grated tchizi. Mbaleyi imaphikidwa mu uvuni pamtenthe wa madigiri mazana awiri kwa theka la ola. Zatsopano zamasamba ndizabwino monga mbale yam'mbali.
Catfish nyama ndiwothandiza kwambiri matenda a chithokomiro.
Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo
Chithunzi: Catfish nsomba
Mphaka zamtchire zimangokhala. Popeza amakhala m'madzi akuya kwambiri, nthawi zambiri samera pamwamba pamadzi. Izi ndizosafunika kwenikweni kwa iwo: pansi pali chiwerengero chachikulu cha okhalanso ndi chakudya chamtundu wa catfish. Masana, catfish, monga lamulo, "imakhala" m'misasa. M'malo mwa nyumba ndimapanga m'mapanga, pomwe nkhwala zamtchire zimangoyambira nsomba.
Moyo wakhama wa mphaka umayamba usiku. Dzuwa litalowa, nsomba zomwe zimafa ndi njala zimayamba kusaka. Usiku amadzaza nkhokwe zawo, ndipo atakhuta kale, amapitanso kwawo. Kuzama kwa malo okhala kumadalira mtundu wa nsomba. Chifukwa chake, amodzi a nsomba zam'chilimwe amasaka nyama zam'mwamba mwa nkhokwezi. Ndipo nthumwi za mphaka wamba zimakonda kupezeka m'matumba kapena m'magulu akuluakulu amtchire. Mosasamala kanthu za mtunduwu, nsomba zonse zamatchi zimapita nthawi yozizira. Izi ndichifukwa kutentha pamunsi kumakhala kokhazikika komanso kosangalatsa kwa moyo wam'madzi.
Chosangalatsa: Kuchulukitsa kwa thupi la nsomba zam'madzi mwachindunji kumadalira kuya kwake. Nsomba zikachuluka, zimakula msanga.
Kwa anthu, nsomba za nsomba zam'nyanja sizikhala pachiswe. Chachikulu ndichakuti usawakhudze ... Catfish sakhala m'gulu la adani. Sizingachitike kwa iwo kudutsa munthu wodutsa. Kuphatikiza apo, masana, nthawi zambiri amabisala m'malo obisika. Komabe, nsomba zimatha kuluma munthu yemwe wasokoneza mtendere wawo. Asodzi omwe adakwanitsa kutulutsa woimira catfish achenjeza za chiwopsezo chomwe chingachitike pachiwopsezo chawo.
Kuphatikiza apo, iwo omwe amakumana ndi mwadzidzidzi nsomba imeneyi amakhala atanyansidwa kwambiri. Ndikosatheka kunena kuti nsomba za mphaka ndi oyimilira okongola panyanja. Mutu wawo ndi wokuinya, wokumbutsa za chilonda chakale chosasinthika. Makulu akulu ndi mtundu wakuda amachititsa mantha ndikukupangitsani kukumbukira makanema onse owopsa omwe mudawonapo kamodzi. Zomvekera mosiyanasiyana zimayambitsidwa ndi mano omwe amatha kupera zigamba za mollusk mumasekondi ...
Kutalika kwa nsomba zamtunduwu ndizitali. Ngati mphaka sikhala pa ukonde, izitha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 20-25. Samalumikizana m'matumba. Mwachilengedwe, nsomba zamtchire zimakhala zokha. Izi zimawathandiza kuti azitha kuyenda mozungulira panyanja popanda kuganizira za ena mwa gululi.
Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Northern catfish
Pakugonana, mphaka za m'mimba zimagawidwa mwa amuna ndi akazi. Zoyambirira zimadziwika ndi kukula kwamitunda. Mtundu wamwamuna umakhala wakuda kwambiri. Akazi a Catfish ndi okongola. Alibe zotupa kuzungulira maso, ndipo milomo yake ndi yaying'ono. Chibwenzi chachikazi sichimatchulidwanso. Mtundu wawo ndi wopepuka.
Chochititsa chidwi: Amphaka amphaka ndi amodzi okha. Kulimbana kwa akazi kumachitika kamodzi. Nthawi yomweyo, liwu loti "kulimbana" limagwiritsidwa ntchito munjira yeniyeni: nsomba zimamenya nkhondo yathunthu, kumenyana wina ndi mitu ndi mano (zipsera za nkhondoyi sizikhala pagulu la anthu okhala m'madzi). Atatha kudziwa bwino nsomba yamphaka, yamphongo imakhalabe yokhulupirika kwa iye mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo wake.
Madera akumpoto, kutchera kwa nsomba kumapezeka makamaka m'miyezi yotentha. Ndipo m'malo otentha, kubereka ndizothekanso nyengo yachisanu. Wamkazi mmodzi amatha kubereka mazira 40,000 okhala ndi mulifupi wa 5 mm. Atakulungidwa mu mpira, nyukiliya imamatirira kumtunda (miyala yambiri). Kukula kumatenga nthawi yambiri. M'madziwe ozizira, mwachangu amatha kubadwa patangotha miyezi yochepa. Asodzi a nsomba kumayambiriro kwa moyo wawo amakhala m'malo okwera. Mwa chimodzi, zimatumizidwa pokhapokha kutalika kwa masentimita 5-8. Ndi miyeso iyi, amatha kubisala ndikuyamba kusaka. Mwachangu chakudya pa zooplankton.
Chosangalatsa: Amuna a Catfish sikuti amangokhala amwano, komanso abambo achitsanzo. Ndi omwe amakhalabe ndi ana awo mpira utagundana pamwamba. Asodzi amateteza ana awo kwakanthawi, pambuyo pake amapitanso kukasambira. Akazi nthawi yomweyo amasambira kuchoka mazira akabadwa.
Adani achilengedwe a nsomba zamkati
Chithunzi: Catfish
Ali aang'ono, nsomba zam'madzi ndizakudya zomwe zimakonda kwambiri nsomba zazikulu (kuphatikizapo carnivores). Akuluakulu sangathe kutenga ziwopsezo zina zomwe zimachitika munyanja. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kukula kwawo kwakukulu komanso kukonda kwawo kubisala m'matumba.
Adani akuluakulu a nsomba zam'madzi ndi:
- shaki. Sikuti anthu onse achinsomba omwe amasaka nsomba za nsomba. Izi zimayamba chifukwa cha malo okhala nsomba. Odyera okhawo omwe amakhala pafupi ndi pansi amadya pa iwo. Izi ndi monga: goblin shark, laciferous, etmopterus ndi mitundu ina. Ngakhale pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama zomwe zimadya, kuopseza kwa mphaka ndizochepa. Nsomba zimasinthidwa m'malo ovuta pansi pamadzi ndikubisala kwa shaki m'malo obisika.
- zisindikizo. Adani oterewa ndi oopsa kwa okhawo omwe amakhala m'madzi ozizira (Nyanja ya Arctic, Nyanja Yoyera ndi Barents, ndi zina). Zisindikizo zimatha kulowa pansi mpaka pansi mpaka mamita 500 kuthamanga kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, amatha popanda mpweya kwa mphindi 15. Izi ndizokwanira kupitiriza kugwira nsomba za mphaka ndikuzigunda.
Koma mdani wamkulu wa nsomba zam'madzi amadziwikabe kuti ndi munthu yemwe amagwira nsomba ndikumazigulitsa mosasamala. Ngati sichoncho kwa anthu, nthumwi za catfish zomwe zimakhala m'madzi ozizira zikadakhala mwamtendere mpaka kukalamba ndi kufa chifukwa cha ukalamba wawo.
Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu
Chithunzi: Catfish munyanja
Chaka chilichonse, kuchuluka kwa nsomba zamitundu yonse kumachepa. Palinso nsomba zina. Kuchuluka kwawo m'madzi am'nyanja kumatsika kwambiri.
- kusodza. Nyama ya mphaka ndi chokoma kwambiri ndipo amadziwika kuti ndiwothandiza kwambiri m'maiko ambiri. Ndipo caviar ya oimirawa ndi mawonekedwe amakoma amafanana ndi caviar wa caviar. Chifukwa chake, asodzi amagwira nsomba zazikulu ndikuzigulitsa pamtengo wokwera mtengo. Kusodza kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi ndodo za usodzi komanso mothandizidwa ndi maukonde. Chojambula chachikulu kwambiri cha anthu am'kalasi ichi ndi Iceland ndi Russia,
- kuipitsa nyanja.Ngakhale maboma ambiri akuyesa kusintha zachilengedwe, madzi akuchepa chaka chilichonse. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha zinyalala zazikulu zoponyedwa munyanja. Nthawi yomweyo, mabotolo, matumba, zinyalala sizongowononga mawonekedwe am'mbali, komanso zimachotsa ambiri okhala m'madzi. Nsomba zimamwa zinthu zotere, zapoizoni kapena zokwanira chifukwa cha gawo lolakwika ndikufa.
Chochititsa chidwi: Nsomba zobedwa si chakudya chophikirako chokha. Zikwama ndi zowonjezera za iwo, nsapato zowala ndi zina zambiri zimapangidwa kuchokera ku chikopa cha catfish. Nyama zotere zosatayidwa ndizofunikira kwambiri.
Ngakhale kuti kuchuluka kwa nsomba zamkati ndikuchepa pang'onopang'ono, sikufika posachedwa chizindikiro chomwe chikufunikira kuti zilembedwe za Mitundu Yofiila. Kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa zolengedwa izi ndizosatheka chifukwa cha malo omwe amakhala. Pa chifukwa chomwechi, kutengera kwa anthu kumatsika. Nthawi yomweyo, boma la maiko ena likhazikitsa kale kuletsa kugwira nsomba kwa mafakitale. Izi zikuwonetsa tsogolo lowoneka bwino kwa oyimilira a nsomba zam'madzi.
Nsomba zopanda mamba - wokhala mwapadera panyanja (komanso nthawi yomweyo amakhala wosagwira). Samawoneka ngati abale ake osawoneka, osati m'makhalidwe, osawerengeka. Ngakhale zili ndi mawonekedwe owopsa akunja, nsomba siziopseza anthu.