Somik Ototsinkljus ndi amodzi a nsomba zamatcheni, amadya algae bwino m'malo osiyanasiyana. Adzatsuka magalasi, zokongoletsera za aquarium ndikuyika zida. Ototsinkljus sikuti amakongoletsa pakukonzanso. Kukula kwa nsomba yachikulire sikokulira konse. Nthawi zambiri muma aquariums mutha kupeza anthu awiri kapena awiri mpaka 5.5 cm. Somik amadya zopitilira muyeso mu kanema kuchokera kumadera onse ngati nsomba sizikwanira, motero palibe chifukwa chodyetsa kwambiri. Nsombayi imakhala m'madzimo kwa zaka 4-6.
Kusamalira Ototsinklus kunyumba
Kutentha kwamadzi kwa nsomba zamtundu wa bwino ndi madigiri 22-25. Gawo ph 5-7,5, kuvutika kwamadzi 2-15.
Kwa Ototsinklusa, ndikofunikira kuti aquarium ikhale ndi mphamvu komanso kusefera. Ndipo madzi amasintha, 25% yamavuto kamodzi pa sabata. Ngakhale mphaka imatha kudzidyetsa ndi nsomba zam'nyanja, komabe simuyenera kuiwaliratu izi ndipo muyenera kuyilola kudya pamasamba oyaka. Mutha kupereka saladi, nkhaka, sipinachi.
Ototsinkllyus amagwirizana ndi nsomba pafupifupi zonse, samachita ukali. Apa ma cichlids okha ndi omwe amatha kuyendetsa nsomba zam'madzi komanso kudya. Popeza ili ndi nsomba yophunzitsira, ndikofunika kuti anthu azikhala atatu okha. Mpaka 7 nsomba zambiri zimatha kukhala ndi malita 50.
Nsomba zopanda mamba
Somik woyamwa, momwe am'madzi amutchulira chifukwa amamatira chilichonse ndi kamwa yake ngati woyamwa. Antsitrus amakula mpaka 10-14cm. Nthawi zambiri, amphaka amtundu wakuda ndimtambo wakuda ndi madontho oyera thupi lonse. Amuna pankhope, khungu limatha kuwoneka. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera cha nsomba zamkati, amatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 10.
Kukonza ndi kusamalira antsistrus
Kutentha koyenera kwa ansitrus catfish ndi madigiri 20-28. Popeza nsomba za mphaka zimakhala m'mitsinje ndi m'mitsinje momwe zimakhalira, zimakonda pakakhala mpweya wabwino wokwanira m'madzi. Chifukwa chake, madzi othandizira amafunika. Catfish imadyera zotsalira za chakudya zomwe nsomba sizinadye ndikusonkha kapu yonyowa kuchokera pansi, komanso kudya zokomeranso kuchokera kumakoma a aquarium, zokongoletsera. Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti simufunikira kumudyetsa. Muyenera kuti mumupatse ntchito yabwino 🙂 Mutha kupatsa nkhaka yoluka, zukini, saladi.
Antsitrus amakumana ndi pafupifupi nsomba zonse. Koma osazikhazikitsa limodzi ndi nsomba za golide ndi zina zomwe zimachedwa. Munthu m'modzi amafunikira pafupifupi malita 50 kuti akhale bwino m'madzi.
Pterigoplicht kapena bulange catfish
Brocade catfish ndi yoyenera ku aquarium yopitilira malita 400, chifukwa imakula kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, m'misika yaying'ono malingaliro oterewa sakukwanira ndipo mu herbalists nawonso sakukwanira.
Pterigoplicht amakula mpaka masentimita 50 mu aquarium. Ichi ndi nsomba yayikulu yokhala ndi zipsepse zazikulu ndi mphuno, zomwe mosamalitsa zimakhala ndi zaka 15.
Chisamaliro cha Pterigoplicht
Kutentha kwanyengo ya bulosha la catade ndi 23-27 madigiri. Kusintha ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi kumafunikira, komanso kusintha kwa 25% kwama voliyumu pa sabata.
Amadyanso chimodzimodzi ngati Antsitrus. Bzalani zakudya kwambiri. Monga tanenera pamwambapa, nsomba yotere imafunika nsomba yayikulu. M'malo okhala ndi malita 400, anthu awiri akhoza kukhazikitsidwa.
Mphaka wolumikizana ndi nsomba zonse, nthawi zina zimangofunika kudyetsedwa.
Sturisoma
Sturisoma amatanthauza mtundu wamatcheni amtambo. Sturisoma idzakongoletsa malo anu am'madzi ndi mawonekedwe ake achilendo. Mphaka wamtundu wamtundu wamtambo ndi mchira wautali womwe umafanana ndi kupindika. Nsomba zamtchire izi siziumirira ndipo zili zoyenera poyambira. Wachikulire amakula mpaka 15 mpaka 20 cm.
Kusamalira Sturisoma
Kutentha kwabwino kwa sturisoma ndi madigiri 24-28.
Sturisoma m'malo ake achilengedwe imakhala m'mitsinje othamanga, motero imafunikira kusefedwa bwino komanso kuzizira. Muthanso kupanga kutuluka.
Nsomba zimadyera makamaka pazakudya zam'mera, koma nthawi zina mumatha kupatsa chakudya chamoyo. Muyenera kudyetsa nsomba usiku musanayime.
Sturisoma ndi nsomba yamtendere ndipo imakumana ndi nsomba zamitundu mitundu. Amalandira nsomba izi awiriawiri. Kwa awiri amodzi, malita 150 adzakhala okwanira.
Loricaria
Loricaria ndi yofanana ndi sturisoma, thupi ndi mchira wautali sizolumikizika. Monga nsomba zamakalata onse amtunduwu, zomwe siziwona zokomera.
Kukula kwa nsomba kumatha kukula mpaka masentimita 15 mpaka 18. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, nsomba zimatha kukhala zaka 8-10.
Chisamaliro cha Loricaria
Kutentha kwamadzi kosangalatsa mu aquarium ya loricaria ndi madigiri 8-10. Nsomba zimakhala m'mitsinje, motero zimafunikira madzi oyera, aeration, ndi kusefera. Nsomba zimadya chimodzimodzi ngati sturisoma. Nsombayo ndi yamtendere ndipo imakhala limodzi ndi aliyense. Munthu m'modzi amafuna malita 100.
Ili ndi dzina la mphaka yemwe amayeretsa nsomba m'madzi.
Kufotokozera kwa Antsistrus
Maonekedwe a thupi amapindika. Kuchokera kumwamba imakutidwa ndi chipolopolo cha mbale za keratinized.
Advocendius achikulire amakula mpaka 10cm mu aquarium.Ulitali wamthupi umatengera kutentha kwa zomwe zalembedwa, kuposa momwe zimakhalirakukwera kocheperako kukula kwa othandizira.
Blue catfish-antsistr (Ancistrus dolichopterus).
Mukasungidwa m'masitomala am'madzi, mitundu ingapo yatsopano ya analitrus idapezeka.
Kuphatikiza pa antiscistrus wamba, pali mawonekedwe ophimbidwa, mawonekedwe ake omwe ndi mchira wautali ndi ziphuphu zokulitsidwa. Monga nthawi zonse kumakhala maalubino. Komanso, ogwirizana ndi okhazikika okhala ndi madontho oyera oyera pamtambo wakuda amadzala.
Monga lamulo, Antsistruses mulibe m'modzimmodzi, iwo amawokedwa anthu angapo mu aquarium ngati oyeretsa. Kusunga nsomba za mphaka ndizosavuta. Izi ndi nsomba zamtendere zomwe zimayenda bwino ndi pafupifupi nsomba zonse zomwe zimapezeka m'madzi otentha am'madzi otentha.
Antsistruses amagwira mafunde olimba ndipo amatha kukhala m'madzi othamanga, kumamatira miyala ndi mabatani.
Mu aquarium yokhala ndi catfish, makapu oyamwa amasunga kutentha kwa madigiri 22-26. Koma amatha kupirira kusinthasintha kwa kutentha kwa 18 mpaka 33 madigiri. Asamomiki adasinthidwa kuti azikhala m'madzi okhala ndi madzi pafupifupi chilichonse, ngakhale m'malo mwachilengedwe amakonda madzi achilengedwe pang'ono. Antsistruses amakonda madzi oyera ndi mpweya wambiri, motero amalimbikitsidwa kwambiri.
Zomera zikuyenera kumera kwambiri mu Aquarium. Ndikofunikanso kuti othandizira amakonzekeretsa malo okhala momwe amakabisa chikondi kubisala. Ndikofunikira kukhala ndi miyala ndi driftwood, zomwe ma Antcistruses angasangalale kupukusa.
Pa chikho chomamwa pakamwa pali ma tuber a keratinous, ofanana ndi grater, omwe amapangidwira kuti azikanda ndikudya zipatso ndi "zophuka" za nyama pamitundu yazinthu zosiyanasiyana.
Amuna akuwonetsa chikhalidwe chakumtunda ndipo amateteza mwamphamvu malo omwe amakonda. Zochita zapamwamba ku Antsistrus zimawonedwa madzulo. Amadyanso mosiyanasiyana kuchokera m'malo osiyanasiyana am'madzi. Ngati chakudya sichikwanira, nsomba zamtchire zimatha kuyamba kuwononga mbewuzo, makamaka mphukira zazing'ono. Mwa zina, iwo amadya zotsalazo zomwe zimatsalira kuchokera kwa anthu ena okhala m'madzimo.
Ngati pali gulu la akambuku, kapena akukhala m'matanthwe ang'onoang'ono, ziweto zimafunikira zakudya zina zowonjezera zakudya zam'mera. Zakudya zoterezi, zimatha kupatsidwa kabichi yoyatsidwa ndi madzi otentha kapena saladi. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zikhale za mchere wambiri ngati mapiritsi.
Kuswana ancistrus
Kubala makapu amodzi a catfish ndizosavuta. Amuna amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi kukhalapo kwa nyanga pamitu yawo - njira zachikopa. Zachikazi sizikhala ndi nyanga zotere kapena sizinakhazikike bwino.
Akazi, monga lamulo, ndi okulirapo, wautali komanso wocheperapo kuposa amuna, matupi awo ndiwokwera, zipsepa ndizitali komanso zazifupi.
Kuphatikiza apo, thupi la abambo limacheperachepera. M'malo abwino, othandizira amatuluka ngakhale m'midzi wamba, m'malo obisika. Koma mwachangu mu aquarium wamba sangakhale moyo. Ngati pali ntchito inayake - kubereketsa Antsistruses, ndiye kuti gulu kapena awiriwo amawagwiritsa ntchito.
Ngati nsomba za mphaka zimasungidwa mgulu, payenera kukhala amuna awiri ndi akazi anayi. The aquarium imatengedwa mu kuchuluka kwa malita oposa 40. Onetsetsani kuti mwakhala ndi malo othawirako. Pachifukwa ichi, machubu a bamboo kapena ceramic ndioyenereradi, koma mutha kuyikanso mitengo ya driftwood ndi miyala mu aquarium.
Kuwonongeka kwa daladala kumapangitsidwa ndikusinthidwa kwa gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu amadzi, kutsitsa kutentha ndi kuwonjezera mphamvu. Akaziwo akakonzekera kutuluka, amakhala wonenepa. Ngati kupangika sikumachitika, ndiye kuti pamalo pomwe pang'onopang'ono mumakhala chakudya cham'mera. Onetsetsani kuti mukuchotsa zotsalira za chakudya, chifukwa zidzawola.
Kuyeretsa ndi kukonza Aquarium ndi catfish kuyenera kukhala kokhazikika.
Monga lamulo, kufalikira mu suppistrus kumachitika mumdima. Wamphongo amasankha malo oyenera kumanga ndi kuyeretsa kwathunthu; osankhidwa ake amadzaza mazira 40-200. Zomangamanga zimawoneka ngati gulu la pinki. Akangotulutsa, mkaziyo azichotsedwa pakubzala, ndipo mwamunayo azisiyidwa kuti azisamalira ana. Iyeretsa mazira ndikupanga madzi oyenda.
Kucha kwa caviar kumachitika pakatha pafupifupi sabata, kutengera kutentha kwa madzi komwe kumakhalako. Munthawi imeneyi, mphaka samadya.
Ngati kuyikira mazira kudapangidwa m'madzi wamba, ndiye kuti mutha kuyesa kuti mumvetse. Caviar, pamodzi ndi chinthu chomwe adalumikiza, chimasamutsidwa ku aquarium yatsopano. Ngati caviar imayikidwa pagalasi, amayesa kudzipatula mosamala.
Catfish caviar amayikidwa pafupi ndi utsi womwe umapereka otaya madzi kuti mazira amalemeretsedwa ndi mpweya.
Mphutsi zimaswa ndikudyetsa zomwe zili pa yolk sac kwa nthawi yoyamba. Matumba atakonzeka, ndipo mphutsi zimayamba kusambira kuzungulira m'madzi, yamphongo imabzalidwa. Kuyambira pano, mwachangu amapatsidwa chakudya. Mutha kuwadyetsa zakudya zopangidwa mwachangu mwachangu. Mapiritsi a mphaka ndiwofunikira, mutha kuwapatsanso chakudya chabwino kapena fumbi lokhalokha.
Mphutsi zimadyetsedwa pafupipafupi katatu patsiku. Muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa ukhondo wa m'madzi ndi kusintha gawo lachisanu tsiku lililonse. Zikatero, mwachangu amakula msanga. Pazaka 10, achinyamata amatha kale kubereka.
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.
Mphaka wachilendo yemwe apangitsa kuti m'madzi anu azikhala oyera. Mawonekedwe a machitidwe, zambiri zopatsa thanzi komanso kuchuluka kwa kuthana ndi nsomba zamtundu wina.
Ngati muli ndi aquarium, ndiye kuti posapita nthawi mudzakumana ndi vuto ngati kuyeretsa makhoma ake a algae, omwe ali ndi chosasangalatsa chopangidwa mkati mwa aquarium.
Iwo omwe sakudziwa za kukhalapo kwa nsomba yodabwitsa ngati iyi ya Antsistrus amakhala okhutira ndi zida zapadera zoyeretsera kapangidwe kake kagalasi. Ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizochi, chifukwa chogwirira chake ndi chachitali, koma vuto ndilakuti ndi njirayi, makoma amadzimadzi amayeretsedwa mosayenera. Ndipo muyenera kubwerera kumalo omwe adayeretsedwa kale kuti muchotse matope otsalira. Ntchito yonseyi imangotaya nthawi, siyimasiyanasiyana, ndipo muyenera kuyang'anabe nthawi zonse ngati gawo ili kapena loyera lagalasi latsukidwa.
Ndidaphunzira za suppistruses kalekale. Mphaka yemwe akufunsidwa ndi wogwira ntchito kale pamadzi amene safuna kuti alipidwe pantchito yake, koma amagwirizana ndi ntchito yake bwino lomwe!
Catfish imayeretsa galasi la aquarium.
Antsistrus (lat. Ancistrus) - mtundu wa nsomba zamadzi oyerakatundu wamatcheni amphaka, kapena Loricariidae. Mwa anthu, mtunduwu umatchedwanso "catfish - sucker", "catfish - adekele".
Yemwe adatsogola adagulidwanso mu 2009, koma adangokhala zaka zitatu ndikupatsira bataniyo kwa mnzake, yemwe wakhala akugwira ntchito yake kwa zaka 5.
Zambiri zamphamvu, kutentha ndi kuchuluka kwa masinthidwe.
Munthawi imeneyi, mphaka za m'madzi zimakula mpaka masentimita 24. Ngakhale adazigula pamsika wapadera wa Solovki, pomwe zidali zochepa (mtengo - 22 p.). Njira iyi - kugula nsomba adakali aang'ono - ndizopindulitsa kwambiri kwa mwini wake wa aquarium. Choyamba, ndiotsika mtengo, ndipo chachiwiri, amasinthana ndi zochitika zatsopano mofulumira kuposa nsomba zazikulu.
Malo okhala ndi madzi okwanira lita 2000 amatsuka popanda zovuta - Sindinawonepo lingaliro la makoma agalasi la mwala wobiriwira wopanda mwala - chakudya chomwe amakonda kwambiri.
Zimamveka bwino pamtunda wosachepera madigiri makumi awiri, koma osapitirira makumi atatu. Ndiye mukuyenerabe kuwunikira kutentha kwa boma.
Wosazindikira chakudya - amadya nthawi yake yoyeretsa, amathanso kulowa phwando la nsomba kapena kuyesa zakudya zapadera, zomwe zimatulutsidwa ngati miyala yamtundu wobiriwira.
Ndazindikiranso kuti a Antsistrus nthawi zina amasenda masamba amadzimadzi, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti pakadali pano alibe mavitamini.
Ndi nsomba zina sizinawonekere mumikangano. Mollinesia imakhala ikamazungulira nthawi zina kuti ikufuna kudya, yomwe imafanana ndi asodzi komanso nsomba zazing'ono. Ingokumbukirani kuti nsomba zathu zam'madzi sizimangokhala magazi.
Chakudya chamasana ndi kampani.
Nthawi yonseyi, samapereka chidwi kwa anansi ake mu aquarium - angelfish, minga, gourami, mollies, etc. Zikuwoneka kuti akuganizira za mtsogolo ntchito yake yamtsogolo.
Ma anti-cystruses achimuna amakhala ndi machitidwe opangira ndevu zapakhomo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mozungulira pakatikati pamlomo, zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito osati pokhapokha pogwira ntchito (kuyeretsa ntchito), komanso, payekha, moyo - kukopa akazi. Ndipo kukongola kwambiri mashalubu, kumakhala kwabwino kwambiri kusiyana kwa amuna ndi akazi. Poyerekeza ndi magawidwe awa, tili ndi atsikana!
Mphaka wamtundu wachilendo samangopindula kukhala mu aquarium, komanso zosangalatsa kwambiri ponena za kumuwonera.
Ali ndi tsatanetsatane womveka: kupumula pantchito. Atatsuka makoma am'madzi, amapeza malo amdima kuti athe kupeza malo antchito kwakanthawi.
Pakusambira, amatenga maudindo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza kusambira, kutembenuzira mutu wake pang'ono kumbuyo.
Ntchito imamugwira kwambiri kotero kuti amatha kupachika kwa mphindi 10 pamalo amodzi. Kenako, popeza idasimidwa kuchoka kukhoma la aquarium, ngakhale idakula, imasambira mwachangu mpaka pansi, kenako imayandama pagalasi yotsatira.
Kutengera izi, titha kunena kuti nsomba yathu yam'madzi imakhala ndi moyo ndipo nthawi yomweyo imakhala yokhutira ndi zochepa ndikukhala ochezeka pazinthu zonse!
Zoti akugwirabe ntchito yabwino kwambiri ndi ntchito zake zikuwoneka kuchokera kuukhondo wamakoma a aquarium.
Wantchito wabwino komanso katswiri wabwino!