Dzina lachi Latin: | Limicola falcinellus |
Gulu: | Charadriiformes |
Banja: | Snipe |
Maonekedwe ndi machitidwe. Sandpiper ndi yaying'ono pang'ono kuposa nyenyezi. Kutalika kwa thupi masentimita 15, mapiko 32 cm 32. Mwa physique, iyi ndi bokosi lamchenga, koma, lomwe lili ndi korona wamizeremizere (mikwingwirima yayitali yayitali) ndi lamba lothyoledwa komanso lopindika.
Kufotokozera. Mbalame yachikulire mu kasupe ndi chilimwe imawoneka yakuda kuchokera kumwamba ndi yoyera kuyambira pansipa chifukwa nthenga za kumbali yakumbuyo zimakhala ndi malo achikuda akuda omwe amakhala ndi mbali zopyapyala, khosi, khosi kutsogolo ndipo mbali zina mbali zake zimapangidwa ndi timiyala tating'ono komanso timaso tating'ono. Kuwala kumawonekera msanga, ndipo mbali yakumtunda ya mbalameyo imayamba kuwonekera kwambiri, kuwala kwa nthenga za phewa kumakhala kukuzungulira V—Kuwonetsedwa patani kumbuyo. Amuna ndi akazi ali pafupifupi osadziwika (akazi ndi okulirapo pang'ono). Miyendo ndi imvi yakuda, yobiriwira kapena chikaso. Mlomo wake ndi wakuda wokhala ndi maolive tint komanso maziko a bulauni. Kuwala kwa mbalame yachinyamata kumapeto kwa chilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira kumayendera, nthenga zatsopano, osati zoterera, zomwe zimawonekera kwambiri pamapindikira komanso nthenga zazitali chifukwa cha malire olimba pakati pamalire ndi malo amdima a nthenga. Pali mitsinje yotuwa yofiirira pakhosi ndi m'mbali. Nthenga zoyambirira za zovala zam'nyengo yozizira zimapezeka pakatentha kwa mbalame zina, koma kusungunula kumamalizidwa nthawi yozizira yokha.
Povala nyengo yozizira, mbalameyo imachita imvi m'maso ndi yoyera pansipa; Mwana wankhukuyo pamtunda ndi wakuda bii wokhala ndi madontho akulu akuda ndi kansalu kakang'ono koyera, yoyera pansipa ndi pachimake pang'onopang'ono pachifuwa. Ku Europe, maudindo osankhidwa okha (L.f falcinellus) Ndizosiyana ndi zofanana kukula kwake komanso mawonekedwe a dunlin ndi nsidze yophatikizira, mawonekedwe a mulomo, mtundu wa miyendo, maziko a mulomo, kusapezeka kwa malo akuda pamimba ya mbalame zachikulire komanso malo amdima ambiri pachifuwa mwa mbalame zazing'ono. Kukula, mtundu wakuda ndi momwe mungakhalire padothi laudzu ndizofanana ndi mtengo wa zinyalala, koma umasiyana ndi machitidwe, mulomo wopindika, kusapezeka kwa mtundu wamtambo wonyezimira kumbuyo ndi kupezeka kwa mizere yambiri yowoneka ndi nthenga kumapiko, kudutsa pakati pa mapiko, osati m'mbali mwake kumbuyo.
Voterani. Zimapanga mawu ofanana kwambiri, ena amafuula motikumbutsa za owombera, koma akung'ung'udza. Nthawi zambiri ndimamva kuitana "crr". Nkhani zotulutsidwa, zopangidwa ndi silabwino yobwereza "dzhir", Ndi zizindikilo zina zingapo.
Mkhalidwe Wogawa. Pa nesting, imagawidwa pang'onopang'ono m'malo oyenera a kumpoto kwa taiga ndi tundra kumapeto kwa Kola ndi Kanin. Nyanja m'mphepete mwa Nyanja ya India. Ndiwosowa konsekonse, koma m'malo ena akumalo okhala chisa ndi pagombe la Black Sea ndizofala. Chapakatikati chimayenda pakati pa Europe Russia kuyambira pakati pa Epulo mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Juni. Pakadutsa chakudya chambiri, kuthawa kwa mbalame zachikulire kumatha pakati pa Julayi mpaka kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, kwa mbalame zazing'ono mu Ogasiti kapena Seputembala.
Moyo. Imasungidwa munkhokwe zam'madzi am'madzi oyandikira kapena kumatseguka m'mphepete mwa miyala yopanda mchere komanso m'madzi osaya m'mphepete mwa malo osungirako mitengo. Amadzigwirizanitsa modzipereka pagululo, nthawi zina amakhala wandiweyani, wokhala ndi ake komanso mitundu ina. Pamalo osungira amabisala, kubisala patali mu malo osungiramo miyala okhala ndi peat yamadzimadzi amadzimadzi, ndipo imawonekera kwambiri pakadali pano. Amadyetsedwa amapezeka makamaka ndikumenya nthaka, komanso kutolera kuchokera panthaka komanso pamadzi. Pakudya, amasuntha pang'onopang'ono, ndipo nthawi zina amayenda modutsa.
M'madambo a taiga, imatha kukhala pamitengo. Zimayenda bwino. Imapanga dzenje lapa fossa pakati pa madzi onyansa, nthawi zambiri imakweza pamwamba pamadzi osaya, ndikuiyika ndi masamba owuma, matalala obiriwira ndi zitsamba zina. Mazira anayi ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi timiyendo tating'onoting'ono timaphatikizidwa ndi amuna ndi akazi, koma amuna okha ndi omwe amakhala ndi ana. Pafupi ndi chisa, ali ndi nkhawa, amachita ziwonetsero zosokoneza, limodzi ndi kufinya. Zakudyazi zimaphatikizapo zakudya zingapo - tizilombo, crustaceans, mphutsi, ma mollusks, mbewu zamitundu yambiri yamadzi ndi yamadzi yamadzi.
Fist-Grazewik (kale - Grazewik)
Kulembetsa kuyambira 2000:
Dera la Brest - Kamenetsky, Kobrinsky, Madera a Maloritsky
Dera la Gomel - Zhitkovichi, Loevsky, zigawo za Rechitsa
Dera la Minsk - Chigawo cha Chervensky
Banja la Snipe - Scolopacidae.
Mtundu wachilendo kwambiri womwe umawuluka mwangozi nthawi yosamuka. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, zitsanzo ziwiri za matope zidapezeka pa Seputembara 29, 1925 m'boma la Dobrush la dera la Gomel. Mitunduyi idalembetsedwanso kachiwiri pa Julayi 27-28, 2001 pamtsinje. Pripyat m'chigawo cha Zhitkovichi cha dera la Gomel, ndipo chaka chotsatira (2002), mbalame zidalembedwa mobwerezabwereza mu June ndi August. Imodzi mwa olembetsa omaliza mu Meyi 2009 (ulimi "Volma", chigawo cha Chervensky, dera la Minsk).
Sangweji yaying'ono, yofanana ndi kukula kwake ndikuwoneka ngati ma sandboxes amtundu wa Kalidris, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe ndi mitundu yowoneka ngati -. Mbali ya dorsal ndi ya bulauni (imaso kunja kwa nyengo yakuswana) ndi mawonekedwe amalo akuda ndi mikwingwirima. Nthenga za msana komanso zakuda zofiirira zokhala ndi zoyera kapena zofiirira zachikaso. Vertex pambuyo pake imalumikizidwa ndi loyera loyera komanso loyandikana ndi lakuda lakunja. Mphumi ndi yoyera. Nsidze yoyera pamwamba pa diso. Chingwe chake ndi chofiirira. Chibwano, pakhosi, kutsogolo kwa khosi komanso goli ndi loyera ndi timitsitsi tamdima. M'mimba mwayera. Mapiko okutira akumtambo ndi akuda okhala ndi mbali zomata ndi zopepuka. Nthenga za mchira wake ndi zofiirira komanso zamtambo zofiirira. Mlomo ndi wakuda. Miyendo yakuda. Utawaleza ndi wakuda. Kulemera kwa mbalameyo (amuna ndi akazi onse) ndi 33-45 g, kutalika kwa thupi ndi 8-10 cm, mapiko 32 32 cm. Kutalika kwa mapiko amuna ndi 10-11 cm, mchira 3-4 cm, tarsus 2-2.5 cm, mlomo 2, 7-3.3 masentimita. Kutalika kwa mapiko a akazi ndi 10-11 cm, tarsus 2-2.5 cm, mulomo 3-3.5 cm.
Zoweta ku tundra zone Europe ndi Asia. Paulendo wa pandege imapezeka m'magulu ang'onoang'ono m'mphepete mwa matupi amadzi.
Zaka zoyambira kwambiri zolembedwa ku Europe ndi zaka 6 miyezi 10.
Kufotokozera
Kukula kwake, mbalamezi ndizochepa pang'ono kuposa kufa ndi nyenyezi. Thupi lawo limakhala lalitali masentimita 15, ndipo mapiko awo ali pafupifupi masentimita 31. Oyimira amtunduwu mu thupi lawo amakhala mabokosi amchenga. Koma zimasiyana ndi zina zonse chifukwa pali mikwingwirima pamutu wamutu. Mlomo wake ndi wautali komanso wopambana. Ndipo pamwamba pake papendekeka pang'ono ndikugwada.
Mu kasupe ndi chilimwe, akuluakulu amawoneka akuda pamwamba. Pansipa akuwoneka ngati oyera. Mbalameyi imawoneka chonchi chifukwa mapiko ake akunja pakati amapaka utoto wonyezimira. Pamphepete, ali ndi malire. Khosi, kutsogolo kwa khosi, mbali zam'mbali ndizakutidwa ndi mawanga ndi mivi yamtundu wakuda. Popita nthawi, malire kumapiko amakhala amdima, pomwe amatha.
Ndikosavuta kusiyanitsa wamwamuna ndi wamkazi. Mtundu wa oimira akazi kapena amuna osiyanasiyana ndiwofanana. Kusiyana kokhako ndikuti zazikazi ndizokulirapo pang'ono. Miyendo ya mbalamezi imatha kukhala yachikasu, yofiirira kapena imvi. Mlomo ndi wakuda, uli ndi mtundu wa azitona pang'ono. Pansi pake ndi zofiirira. Mwa nyama zazing'ono, makulidwe amtunduwo ndimadutsa nyengo yoyambilira. Zoyala zowoneka bwino m'mapulamu ndizatsopanobe ndipo sizikukuta. Pali makanga pakhosi komanso m'mbali, koma ndikuboweka. Mukugwa, anthu ena amayamba kupanga chovala cha nthawi yozizira, koma molt amatha kwathunthu nthawi yozizira.
M'nyengo yake yozizira, makoko ake amajambulidwa imvi pamwamba komanso oyera pansi. Choyera choyera chatsala. Anapiye omwe sanakhalepo ndi nthawi yoti adziphimba okha ndi nthenga amakhala odera akuda kumtunda. Thupi limakutidwa ndi mawanga akulu akuda ndi mawanga oyera. Kuchokera pansi pansipo pali mtundu wakuda woyera.
Ku Europe, ndi mbalame zokha zomwe zimapezeka m'mabungwe osankhidwa omwe zimatha kuwoneka.
Khalidwe
Mudindwa nthawi zambiri amakhala moyo wobisalira. Pa kuthawa amadzipezera yekha chakudya. Nthawi zina imatha kupanga gulu limodzi ndi anthu ena m'banjamo. M'malo okhala, ndizovuta kwambiri kuwona. Amayenda m'madzi osaya m'mitsinje, m'mphepete mwa nyanja kapena m'makonde, kufunafuna chakudya mumatope ndi mlomo wawo.
Maluwa amataya nthawi yambiri m'mitengo yamitengo yomwe imamera pafupi ndi madambo, m'mphepete mwa matope.
Nthawi zambiri zophatikizidwa pagulu ndi mitundu yofananira.
Panyengo yachisanu, makoswewo amakhala achinsinsi. Amabisa m'madambo m'nkhalango za sedge. Mutha kuwona mbalame nthawi yakukhwima. Mbalameyo imapeza chakudya poyang'ana m'nthaka kapena kuisunga m'madzi. Wachule akafunafuna chakudya, amayenda pang'onopang'ono. Kuyendetsa malo ndi malo nthawi ndi nthawi.
Kuswana
M'malo odyera, mbalamezi nthawi zambiri zimakhala m'midzi. Iliyonse ya mbalamezi imakhala ndi awiriawiri mbalame. Amakonda kumanga zisa pamtunda pouma. Amasankha malo mu udzu wautali, komanso zitsamba zowirira. Chisa chimakhala ndi birch ndi masamba a msondodzi.
Mazira amaikidwa pafupi ndi Julayi. Mu zomanga m'modzi nthawi zambiri pamakhala zidutswa zinayi. Ali ndi bulauni wowoneka bwino wokhala ndi madontho ofiira. Makolo amasinthana makulitsana. Pakatha milungu itatu, anapiye amatuluka.
Kuchuluka kwa mitundu iyi m'chilengedwe sikudziwikiratu. Malinga ndi malipoti ena, anthu pafupifupi 5,000 amakhala ku Finland. Kudera la Murmansk kuli anthu mazana angapo.
Mbalame ikaona zoopsa pafupi ndi chisa, imayamba kusunthasuntha ndikusuntha. Amadyera tizilombo, mphutsi. Nthawi zina amadya crustaceans ndi mollusks. Mwina pali mbewu za algae ndi zomera zomwe zikumera pafupi ndi madzi.
Kufalitsa
Malo ogawikirawa ndi akulu kwambiri; amapezeka kumwera kwa gawo la tundra komanso kumpoto kwenikweni kwa dera la taiga pakati pa Arctic Circle ndi 80 ° kumpoto chakumapeto pafupifupi dziko lonse la Eurasia, kuchokera ku Scandinavia Peninsula kupita kumagombe a East Siberian Sea, malinga ndi magwero ena, komanso ku Greenland ndi pa Svalbard. Nyengo zam'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Arabia Arabia, Africa, Southeast Asia ndi Australia.
Malo okhala chithaphwi ndi chinyontho, malo okhala madambo komanso mabwawa otsetsereka, magombe a mitsinje ndi zonyanja, nyanja zopanda miyala komanso magombe amtsinje pakati pa madambo, mitengo ndi mitengo.
Mawonekedwe
Ndi kandwe kakang'ono kofanana ndi mpheta. Kukula kwa thupi - masentimita 16, kulemera kwake - pafupifupi 50 magalamu. Wautali, wokongoletsedwa pang'ono komanso mulomo wopindika pang'ono. Miyendo yake ndiyifupi, yachikasu. M'nyengo yotentha, thupi lam'mwamba limakhala lofiirira komanso nthenga m'mphepete mwa nthenga, pamimba pamayera, pamwamba pa chifuwa ndi m'mbali mwake muli timapaso tofiirira. M'nyengo yozizira, gawo lam'mwamba la thupi limakhala lofewa, mawanga omwe amapezeka pakatikati ndi pachifuwa amatha. Pamutu pali mikwingwirima yoyera yayitali, yomwe bowa ndi yosavuta kuzindikira. Mlomo ndi wakuda. Palibe kusiyana pakati pa mtundu pakati pa wamwamuna ndi wamkazi.
Ecology
Mudfish ndi mbalame yosamveka komanso yodabwitsa. Imadya osaya popanda madzi, m'malo osaya matope, nyanja, mitsinje ndi nyanja zamchere. Pang'onopang'ono, pang'ono, amayenda m'madzi osaya, nthawi ndi nthawi kumiza mulomo wake mu siltali. Chakudya chachikulu cha njenjete ndimtundu waung'ono, tizilombo ndi mphutsi zake. Yogwira ntchito pa mafunde ochepa nthawi iliyonse yamasana.
Imapanga zisa pansi panthaka youma pakati pa udzu wautali kapena tchire ndi zinyalala za masamba a birch kapena masamba osaya. Mazira amaikidwa ndikusamba kwa kutentha koyambirira kwa Juni. M'mawonekedwe, mazira anayi nthawi zambiri amakhala a beige kapena achikasu achikasu okhala ndi timadontho tating'ono tambiri. Wamkazi ndi wamwamuna amakhala pachiwonetsero kwa masiku 22. Amatha kukhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, mpaka 20, magulu.
Pakati pa Ogasiti, anyaniwa amapita kukazizira, pomwe mbalame zimatha kusokera m'gulu la anthu ochulukirapo. Kuthamanga kwakukulu komwe rover imatha kukulitsa nthawi ya ndege ndi 80-85 km / h.
Chiwerengero ndi chitetezo
Kukula kwake kwa wosamukira sikudziwika. Malinga ndi malipoti ena, pafupifupi chikwi cha mbalamezi zimakhala kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Finland, ndipo pafupifupi anthu mazana angapo amakhala m'chigawo cha Murmansk.
Gryazovik amatetezedwa m'magawo angapo ku Russia, kuphatikiza Buku Lofiyira la Murmansk Region ndi Buku Lofiyira la Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District. Kuphatikiza apo, mu 1984 adaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wa Mgwirizano wa Soviet-Indian on the Protection of Migratory birds.
MALO
Mu buku buku
Gawo 8. Moscow, 2007, p. 101
Pangani ulalo wa zolembedwa:
GREAS (Limicola falcinellus), mbalame ya banja lino. snipe suborder waders neg. Charadriiformes. Mtundu wokha mu umodzi. mtundu. Kutalika kwa 15-18 masentimita, kulemera kwa 30-50 g. Akazi ndi akulu kuposa amuna. Mlomo ndi wautali, wowerama pamwamba. Mphumi ndi korona ndi zofiirira zakuda ndi mikwaso iwiri yopyapyala yoyera, mtambo wokulirapo wopepuka. Pamwamba pali mtundu wa bulauni wokhala ndi makaso ofiira ndi oyera opanga mawonekedwe otetemera, chovala ndi pansi ndi choyera, mawanga amizere patali pakhosi, pachifuwa ndi m'mbali mwa thupi. G. zisa kumwera. Mzere wa tundra, nkhalango-tundra ndi kufesa. taiga waku Eurasia, nyengo yam'mphepete mwa Vost. Africa, South Asia, Indonesia ndi Australia. Nkhondo pakati pa madambo achithaphwi komanso madzi osefukira, kumapiri mpaka m'mwamba. 1000 m. Zimadyanso ma invertebrates ang'ono ndi mbewu zamadzi am'madzi. Wamphongo wapano yemwe amakhala pamwamba pamalowo amakhala pamwamba. 10-20 m, kutulutsa kochepetsa kung'ung'udza kutulutsa mawu. G. chisa chimakhala pachilumba kapena pachitsamba chozunguliridwa ndi madzi. Mazira anayi (nthawi zina 3) amafikira (masabata atatu) ndikusamalira anapiye, mwachidziwikire amakhala amphongo okha.
Zizindikiro zakunja
Gryazovik ndi mbalame yachilendo kumpoto kwa Europe. Kukula kwa thupi masentimita 16, mapiko kutalika 10 -11.5 cm.Ukulemera kumafika 30-50 g. Mtundu wa manambala ndi wakuda. Nthenga kumbuyo ndi mapiko okhala ndi malire ofiira kapena owoneka ngati ming'onoting'ono.
Mudinda (Limicola falcinellus).
Pamwamba pamutu pali zofiirira zakuda ndi mikwiro iwiri yoyera yautali. Khungu lowoneka bwino limapezeka pafupi ndi diso. Kakhosi koyera komwe kali ndimtambo wakuda. Pachifuwa ndi tsekwe zimakutidwa ndi mitsitsi yakuda yomwe ikuyenda mosatalikirana. Gawo lakumunsi la chifuwa ndi loyera, pansi ndilofanana. Mlomo wautali ndi wakuda, kutalika kwake kuli pafupifupi ma 1.5 kutalika kwa metatarsus. Mawonekedwe a mulomo ndi lathyathyathya, lopindika pansi.
Amuna ndi akazi mawonekedwe samasiyana, koma kukula kwake kwa akazi ndi okulirapo.
Miyendo yayifupi ndiuwisi wobiriwira. M'nyengo yachilimwe, maula a phupulapo amakhala oderapo, ndipo nthawi yozizira nthenga zophimba kumaso zimawalira, mawonekedwe okongola pachifuwa amatha. Maguguards amatha kuzindikiridwa ndi mikwingwirima yayitali yotalika, yoyera, yomwe imawoneka bwino pamutu.
Malo otetezeka
Mudfish imapezeka kumpoto chakumwera kwa tundra ndi kumpoto kwa dera la taiga.
Amasankha nyanja zamatope, mitsinje, mitsinje yokutidwa ndi zitsamba.
Zoyeserera pa udzu wokhala ngati msipu ndi mabampu a sphagnum okhala ndi ma hummocks.
Pouluka, chovalacho chimayima m'mphepete mwa nyanja, m'mphepete mwa nyanja, m'madambo
ndi masamba osauka, omwe nthawi zina amaponderezedwa ndi ziweto.
Khalidwe la Mudinda
Mudinda ndi mbalame yobisalira. Pakuuluka, sandpiper yachilendo imadya yokha. Nthawi zina amapanga magulu ang'onoang'ono pamodzi ndi ma sandbox amitundu ina ya banja. M'malo omwe mumapeza tchenga wamchenga ndizovuta. Woteteza matope amayenda pang'onopang'ono m'malo opanda matope amitsinje, nyanja, mitsinje, mitsinje yamadzi, kumiza mulomo wake wokhotakhota pofunafuna chakudya.
Palibe kusiyana pakati pa mtundu pakati pa wamwamuna ndi wamkazi.
Njenjete zimadyera tizilombo komanso mphutsi zake.
Mudinda
Kuchulukitsa kwamadzi am'madzi mu chilengedwe sikumatsimikizika. Malinga ndi chidziwitso chosakwanira, pafupifupi awiri a mitundu iyi ya mbalamezi amakhala kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Finland. Kudera la Murmansk, kuwonekera kwa anthu mazana angapo kudadziwika.
Woyang'anira zofufuza malo amayang'ana ma bulugamu ang'onoang'ono pamagetsi otsika pagombe la nyanja.
Kusunthira Kutali
Mudguards amawonekera kumapeto kosunthira kumadera akumwera kwa Central Siberia mochedwa. Amayamba nesting kumapeto kwa Meyi - koyambirira kwa June. Kusunthira kwa Autumn kumatalikirana kwa nthawi yayitali.
Mbalame zazing'ono zimawuluka kuchokera theka lachiwiri la Ogasiti mpaka pakati pa Seputembara.
Malo okhala mbalame zazikulu amapanga timagulu tambiri ta mbalame masauzande angapo ndipo timapita kumalo achisanu. Mbalame zimawuluka mothamanga 80-85 km / h, kuima kuti zikadye m'mphepete mwa nyanja.
Biology
Imasungidwa munkhokwe zam'madzi am'madzi ocheperako ndipo imatseguka pama nyanja opanda mchere komanso madzi osaya m'mbali mwa matupi a madzi kutali ndi mitengo yobzala mitengo. Amadzigwirizanitsa modzipereka pagululo, nthawi zina amakhala wandiweyani, wokhala ndi ake komanso mitundu ina. Pamalo osungira imabisidwa, kubisala patali mu malo osungika am'madzi omwe ali ndi mitengo yamadzi amtundu wa peat, ndipo imadziwika makamaka pakuyenda kwakanthawi. Imadyetsa makamaka pamawu, komanso yokhotakhota kuchokera m'malo ndi madzi. Pakusonkhanitsa zakudya, zimayenda pang'onopang'ono, nthawi zina zimangodutsa mwachangu. M'madambo a taiga, imatha kukhala pamitengo. Zimayenda bwino.
Imapanga dzenje lapa fossa pakati pa madzi onyansa, nthawi zambiri imakweza pamwamba pamadzi osaya, ndikuiyika ndi masamba owuma, matalala obiriwira ndi zitsamba zina. Mazira anayi ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi timiyendo tating'onoting'ono timaphatikizidwa ndi amuna ndi akazi, koma amuna okha ndi omwe amakhala ndi ana. Pafupi ndi chisa, amachita ziwonetsero zosokoneza, limodzi ndi kufinya. Jekete la pansi ndi lofiirira wakuda ndi malo akulu akuda ndi kachidutswa kakang'ono koyera loyera; pansi pake ndi loyera ndi chovala chofiyira pang'ono pachifuwa.
Zakudya ndizosiyanasiyana - tizilombo, crustaceans, nyongolotsi, mapira, mbewu zamadzi am'madzi ndi pafupi ndi madzi.
Mudguards
Gryazovik ali m'manja mwa chitetezo cha Msonkhano waku Russia-India Woteteza Mbalame Zosamukira (1984). Mtundu wachilendo wa mbalame. Ku Russia, mtundu wamadzi amtunduwu walembedwa mu Red Book of Khakassia, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Murmansk Region, ndi Krasnoyarsk Territory. Kuti achulukitse kuchuluka kwa marshy, ndikofunikira kusungitsa malo akuluakulu omwe mbalame zimayima nthawi yosamuka.
Izi zikuphatikiza ndi nyanja zapadera za Siberia: Salbat, Beloye, Maly ndi Bolshoi Kosogol, Intikol.
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.