King Penguin (lat.Aptenodytes patagonicus) ndi wa banja la a Penguin (Spheniscidae). Kukula kwake ndi kwachiwiri pokhapokha kwa Emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri), koma amakweza kuposa chovala chowala. Woimira wotchuka kwambiri pamtunduwu anali wamwamuna dzina lake Nils Ulaf wochokera ku Edinburgh Zoo ku Scotland. Mu 1972, adavomerezedwa kuti azigwira ntchito yolemekezeka kwa Royal Norwegian Guard ndi udindo wazamalonda ndipo adakhala chizindikiro cha Royal Edinburgh Mil Army Orchestra Parade.
Chifukwa cha changu chake pantchito ya penguin, pa Ogasiti 15, 2008, paulendo wa King Harald V waku Norway kupita ku Edinburgh, adalandira ulemu wa knight, ndipo chifanizo chake chamkuwa chidawonekera pakhomo lolowera kumalo osungira nyama. Kuyambira lero ndi Sir Niels Olaf III okha omwe angalumikizidwe.
Pa Ogasiti 22, 2016, mfumu penguin adakwezedwa mwamphamvu kukhala wamkulu wa ankhondo ndipo adakhala mbalame yoyamba mu mbiri yaku Norway kufikira malo apamwamba chotere.
Kugawa
Mtunduwu umakhala pazisumbu zazing'ono zapakati pa 45 ° mpaka 55 ° kumwera. Pali mitundu iwiri: A.p. patagonicus ndi A.p. halli. Nthawi zambiri ma penguins amapewera madzi oundana omwe amapendekeka ndipo amapanga mizere pamwamba pa malire awo. Zilumba zikuluzikulu kwambiri kuzilumba za South Georgia, Macquarie, Hurd, MacDonald, Kerguelen ndi Prince Edward.
Mu Zilumba za Falkland, mbalame penguins chisa ndi Papuan (Pygoscelis papua). Ku Patagonia, mbalame zambiri zimawonedwa nthawi yosungunuka, nthawi zambiri pachilumba cha Estados, Tierra del Fuego. Dera laling'ono limapezeka ku Strait of Magellan. Madera ambiri amakhala pagombe komanso pachilumba cha Crozet zokha, 1300-1500 m kuchokera kumadzi a m'mphepete mwa nyanja.
Malire omwe ali kunja kwa nthawi yochezerako sakudziwika bwinobwino. Nthawi zambiri, zongoyerekeza zimafika pagombe la South Africa, Australia, New Zealand ndi Penarula ya Antarctic. Chiwerengerochi chikuyembekezeka pafupifupi anthu pafupifupi mamiliyoni 3-4, omwe oposa 200,000 amakhala ku South Georgia kokha.
Khalidwe
Ma penguins a King amatha nthawi yawo yambiri m'madzi. Pofunafuna chakudya, zimayenda pang'onopang'ono m'malo am'madzi othamanga pafupifupi 6-10 km / h. Pamtunda, mbalame zimayendayenda mosiyana ndi mitundu yofananira, yomwe nthawi zambiri imadumphira mozungulira.
Pafupifupi 30% ya mbalamezi zimayambiranso zibwenzi ndi anzawo chaka chamawa, enawo amakonda kupanga awiriawiri. Amazindikira mzake pogwiritsa ntchito kufuula kwamfupi kwa monosyllabic kuyambira 0,4 mpaka 0.8 masekondi. Mbalizi zikufuulira pamtunda, ndikukweza milomo yawo.
Pa nthawi yakukonzekera, mawuwo amapangidwa kukhala polysyllabic. Kumayambiriro kwa nyengoyi, amakhala afupiafupi, ndipo atapangidwa maukwati, amatalikirana.
Chifukwa chake, ndikosavuta kwa okwatirana kupeza anzawo mumphokoso saphokoso lalikulu. Kutalika kwa kulira kwa anapiye sikudutsa theka. Kungoti makolo awo amawalandira, enawo samachita nawo chidwi.
Ma penguins a King sadziwa kuuluka, koma asambira bwino kwambiri. Amatha kulowa pansi mpaka pansi mpaka mamita 300 ndi kukhala pansi pa madzi kwa mphindi zingapo, pafupifupi pafupifupi asanu. Mitundu yobadwa mwachilengedwe imapanga ma dives opitilira 150 masana. Oposa theka la iwo amachitika mozama kupitirira 50. Masana, ma dives amakhala mozama, ndipo nthawi zambiri usiku samaposa mamitala 30. Thupi limadzazidwa ndi mpweya chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa myoglobin m'misempha ndi mtima.
Chakudyacho chimakhala ndi nsomba zazing'ono, Antarctic krill (Euphusia superba) ndi ma cephalopods awiri a branchial (Coleoidea).
Pakusaka kamodzi, anyani am'madzi amatha kudya mpaka 20 kg ya chakudya. Anthu achizungu amapeza chakudya chawo kunyanja zikuluzikulu. Mu nthawi yogona, malo omwe amakhala nthawi zambiri amakhala pamtunda wa 200 km kuchokera koloni. Kuti adye, nthawi zambiri amakhala akusambira pafupifupi 30 km njira imodzi. Amphona am'madzi odyetsa anapiye amasaka timagulu tomwe timakhala ndi mbalame mazana kapena masauzande.
Padziko lapansi, alibe adani achilengedwe. Ndi mazira ndi anapiye ang'ono okha omwe amatha kukhala nyama yazodyedwa. Zomwe zimawopseza kwambiri ndi phula wakummwera (Macronectes giganteus). Orcas (Orsinus orca) ndi nyalugwe wanyanja (Hydrurga leptonyx) amabisalira kunyanja.
Kuswana
Ma penguins amafikira kutha mchaka chachitatu cha moyo, koma maanja nthawi zambiri amapanga zaka 6. Chifukwa cha nyengo yovuta kwambiri ya kubereka, amakakamizidwa kukhala ndi moyo wosakhazikika. Kukhazikika ndi kudyetsa anapiye kumatenga pafupifupi miyezi 14, kotero kuti mbalame zimatha kukula ana awiri mkati mwa zaka zitatu.
Ma penguin amenewa nthawi zambiri amakhala m'malo oyandama kwambiri pafupi ndi nyanja. Nthawi yakukhwima imayamba mu Novembala. M'mwezi wa Disembala, yaikazi imayikira dzira limodzi lalikulu loyera pafupifupi 310. Pa nthawi ya makulitsidwe, makolowo amataya zina pamiyendo yawo kuti izitha kugwira ndikuphimba dzira ndi kutentha kwa matupi awo. Amasintha pakadutsa milungu iwiri kapena itatu kuti mnzawo womasuka azitha kudya.
Makulitsidwe amatenga pafupifupi masiku 55. M'miyezi isanu ndi inayi yotsatira, mwana wa nkhuku yoswitswayo amafunikira chisamaliro cha makolo ndi chisamaliro chake.
Masiku 30 mpaka 30 amoyo wake woyamba, ali pakati pa miyendo ya m'modzi mwa makolo, mpaka atakutidwa kwathunthu ndiotentha lotuwa lofiirira ndipo samatha kuwongolera kutentha kwake kwa thupi. Pakupita pafupifupi sabata limodzi ndi theka, anapiye olimba amasokera m'magulu a ana, ndipo makolo awo anjala amasambira kuti akasaka. Makanda amakhala ndi nthawi yovuta, nthawi zina amakhala opanda chakudya kwa miyezi iwiri ndipo amataya mpaka 70% ya unyinji wawo.
Pazaka 13 zakubadwa, anapiye amayamba kusintha mankhwalawo kukhala mazamba akuluakulu. Mapeto atatha kusungunuka, amasiyana ndi makolo awo ndikupitilira kudziyimira pawokha. Tsopano chachikazi chomwe chinalekana ndi mwana pambuyo pakupuma nthawi yayitali chikhazikanso dzira, tsopano mu February. Mbadwo wotsatira udabadwa mu Epulo.
Kufotokozera
Kutalika kwa thupi la achikulire ndi masentimita 85-95. Kulemera kumachokera ku 10 mpaka 16 kg. Kugonana kutchulidwa kuti kulibe. Akazi ndi ocheperako pang'ono, opepuka komanso ochepa thupi kuposa amuna. Zowawa pamutu, pakhosi ndi pachifuwa zakuda. Mukangopaka molting, imakhala ndi mtundu wonyezimira. Kumbuyo kwa mutu kuli mawanga achikaso kapena malalanje, omwe mzere woonda umadutsa m'khosi mpaka pachifuwa chapamwamba.
Kumbuyo kuchokera kumutu kupita kumchira kulijambulidwa ndi utoto wamtambo wonyezimira. Nthenga zake sizisungunuka. Chingwe chakuda chotalika pafupifupi 1 cm chimayambira kuchokera pakhosi kukafika kumapiko.
Chifuwa chapamwamba ndi chikasu cha lalanje ndipo pang'onopang'ono chowala molowera mbali yoyera. Thupi lonse limakhala loyera. Kunja kwa mapikowo ndi koyera komwe kali ndi malire. Kutalika kwa mulomo wautali komanso wopyapyala ndi 13 mpaka 13 cm. Miyendo ndi ma thunzi amtundu wakuda. Iris ndi yofiirira.
Kutalika kwa moyo kwa ma penguin kumatha zaka 20.