Mustangs ndi akavalo omwe amakhala ku North America kuthengo. Nyama izi zinakhalanso zaulere ndipo zinayambitsidwa kudziko lonselo ndi anthu ochokera ku Europe. Chiwerengero cha maimutu posachedwa kwawo chinafika mamiliyoni 4, zomwe zidawopseza kwambiri zachilengedwe komanso ntchito za anthu. Pakadali pano, kuchuluka kwa ming'alu kumayendetsedwa ndi maboma ndi mabungwe odzipereka, amakhala m'mapaki ndi malo osungirako nyama, mwa ambiri akusaka ndikusaka nyama izi kuloledwa.
Mbiri ya mahatchi onyenga
Malo oyamba owoneka ngati kavalo amadziwika kuti America. Zinali pamiyeso yomwe zaka mamiliyoni zapitazo makolo akale a mahatchi amakono anabadwa. Iwo anali otsika kwambiri pakukula, anali ndi zala zingapo ndipo amakhala makamaka m'mitsinje ndi m'madzi. Koma m'mene nyengo ikusinthira, kuchuluka kwa malo a steppes kofanana. Izi zidawathandiza kuti azolowere kukhala moyo wosasunthika, womwe udawathandiza kuti agwiritsidwenso ntchito. Chifukwa cha kusamuka kamodzi, akavalo adalowa ku Eurasia kudutsa Bering Strait, yomwe panthawiyo idalumikizidwa ndi chisumbu.
Koma patapita nthawi mahatchi ku America anazimiririka. Kaya izi zinali zochita za anthu kapena nyengo sizimadziwika. Chodziwika chokha ndichakuti anthu amtunduwu analibe akavalo, ndipo msonkhano ndi nyama izi sizinayembekezere. Mtundu wokha wa kavalo wamtchire lero ndi kavalo wa Przhevalsky, yemwe amakhala ku malo otchedwa Mongolia.
Chifukwa chiyani dzina
Aspaniani amatchedwa Ma Mustangs Akavalo. Omasuliridwa kuchokera mchilankhulo chawo, "mesteno" amatanthauza "wamtchire", "osati wa aliyense". Akavalo adalandira dzina laulere chifukwa chaulere, kupsa mtima komanso kutentha, komanso chifukwa ndizovuta kuzisintha.
Kutanthauziridwa kuchokera ku Chilatini, "Equus ferus caballus" amatanthauza kavalo wakale koma wapamwamba. Iwo ali nalo dzina chifukwa cha mbiri yakale ndi mawonekedwe awo mu kukula kwa America.
Nkhani yamahatchi atchire
Mustangs adawoneka mdziko lino ku North America, koma zaka zikwi khumi zapitazo anthu awo anasiya kukhalako. M'zaka za XYI, akavalo adabwera ku New World ndi Spain atsamunda.
Achizungu aku America adawagwiritsa ntchito pokhapokha chakudya kapena kumasulidwa, chifukwa sadziwa zoyenera kuchita ndi mahatchi. Pambuyo pazaka zambiri, a Redskins adaphunzira kuyendayenda akavalo, kuwasinthanitsa ndi ulimi.
Pakulimbana pakati pawo, opambana adadzitengera nyama zamphamvu. Anakhaladi paubwenzi ndi nyama zokongola'zi. Mahatchi osasamala amayenda mofulumira.
Atasiyidwa ng'ombe, adayamba kuchuluka kuchuluka kwawo. Anzathu obadwira, omwe sanalawirepo zingwe zopangidwa ndi munthu, amakula kukhala malo okongola, omasuka komanso osagwirizana.
Kodi Mustang amawoneka bwanji?
Mahatchi amtchire ali ndi thupi labwino kwambiri komanso lopanda mphamvu. Chowonjezera chawo ndichakuti matupi awo ndi afupikitsa kuposa mahatchi apakhomo, miyendo yawo ndi yamphamvu kwambiri komanso yayitali. Chifukwa cha izi, akavalo amatha kukhala othamanga kwambiri.
Ngati tizingolankhula za kukula, ndiye kuti kukula kwake kufota kwa mustang, monga lamulo, sikupitirira mita imodzi ndi theka, ndipo kulemera sikupitirira ma kilogalamu mazana anayi.
Chifukwa chakuti mitundu yambiri yosakanikirana imasakanikirana ndi magazi a Mustangs, amapatsidwa mitundu yodabwitsa yamitundu. Mtundu wa ubweya wawo umatha kukhala wakuda mpaka woyera, kuchokera palomino kupita ku bay, kuchokera pamphumi mpaka piebald, kuchokera ku savras mpaka kufinya.
Komwe kumakhala
Chifukwa choti a Mustangs adasiyidwa pazida zawo, adabalalika ku America konse - kuchokera ku Paraguay kupita ku Canada. Pofufuza chakudya kapena kuthawa zoopsa, akavalo anachulukitsa malo awo okhala. Chaka chilichonse kuchuluka kwa ziweto kumachulukirachulukira.
Malo omwe amakonda ma mustangs ndi maponda a Central ndi South America. Chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kuthamanga, akavalo akuthengo amatha kuphimba maulendo atali munthawi yochepa.
Mwa mwayi uwu, adakali amtengo wapatali ndi amwenye ndi steppe. Mothandizidwa ndi mustang, munthu amatha kupita kumene Galimoto siyitha kuyendetsa, ndipo kusunga hatchi ndikotsika mtengo kuposa galimoto.
Kodi kavalo wakuthengo amadya chiyani?
Gawo lalikulu la maanganga ndi msipu. Muli udzu ndi masamba a zitsamba zazing'ono. Kuthengo, akavalo ayenera kupulumuka. Kupeza chakudya chokwanira kumawatengera nthawi yambiri komanso khama. Ma Mustangs amatenga ma kilomita mazana angapo patsiku kuti apeze msipu wabwino ndi kupatsa chakudya anthu onse oweta.
M'nyengo yozizira, akavalo akuthambo ndizovuta kwambiri. Kuti apeze chakudya, akavalo amafufuza mizu ndi zotsalira za udzu kuchokera pansi pa chisanu ndi ayezi. Munthawi imeneyi, mahatchi amachepetsa thupi kwambiri ndipo amalowa m'boma la kuteteza mphamvu kwambiri komanso michere.
Kuswana
Khosali limakhala ndi mtsogoleri, yemwe amakhala wolimba kwambiri, wolimba mtima kwambiri komanso wowonda. Woyamba akaika moyo wake pachiswe amakhala wokonzeka kuteteza mayadi ake. Lachiwiri limatenga gulu lonse kuti lisaopsezedwe.
Zachilengedwe zinasamalira kupulumuka kwa Mustangs. Nthawi yakubzala imayamba nthawi kuyambira Epulo mpaka Julayi. Izi zimathandizira kuti pofika nthawi yachisanu anyaniwa amakhala olimba kale. Mayi amavala miyezi 11 pansi pa mtima wa mwana. Nthawi zina amatha kubereka ndi ana awiri. Kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, makanda amamwa mkaka wa amayi wokha. Pambuyo pake, ana amasintha mosamala ku zomwe zotsalazo zimadyedwa ndi gulu lonse la ziweto. Pazaka zitatu, agulu ang'onoang'ono amasiya ng'ombe kapena kutenga mtsogoleri, atamugonjetsa kale kunkhondo.
Ma mustangs omwe adachoka amayamba kupanga ng'ombe zawo, kuwonetsa mahatchi ena osungulumwa mphamvu zawo, kupirira ndi kulimba mtima.
Chiyambi
Mustang - mahatchi akutchire omwe amapezeka mwachilengedwe posakaniza magazi aku Spain, Chingerezi ndi French. Amwenyewo adayamba kugwira nyama izi chifukwa chodya nyama ndi khungu. Pambuyo pake, mafuko achilengedwe adaphunzira kuyendayenda mozungulira ma Mustangs, kuwagwiritsa ntchito pakusamuka kwakutali, komanso ngakhale kuwamenya. Ku North America, kumene malo okhala anali abwino kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa akavalo owonjezereka kunachuluka mwachangu.
M'madera omwe nyama zimakonda kwambiri, kuchuluka kwake kudakwera mpaka 2 miliyoni. Zotsatira zotsatira za kubereka zidadzafika kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18, pamene akavalo atchire olandidwa ndiwo adakhala maziko opangira mbewu zoswana.
Kodi mikango yamtchire imakhala kuti?
Panthawi yopanga mtunduwu, ma mustangs adafalikira mwachangu kumadera akutali kwambiri a North America, ndipo unyinji wawo amakhala kumapiri a South America. Malo ogawikirako nyamazo anachepa kwambiri atayamba kulima.
Olima minda adakhazikitsa ma hed lalikulu kuti mahatchi amtchire asapondereze ndikudya mbewu zomwe zidalimidwa. Izi zidabweretsa mavuto pakusunthika kwa akavalo, omwe adalephera kupeza chakudya ndi madzi okwanira. Tsopano magawo amtundu wamtchire amangokhala malo otetezedwa komanso malo osungirako ku India. Makamaka ma mangawa ambiri amapezeka ku Nevada.
Zojambula zakunja ndi moyo wawo
Zina mwazida zakunja za mahatchiwa ndi chifukwa chosakanikirana zoweta zapakhomo ndikusinthidwa kwa nyamayi kuti ikhale m'malo otentha. Maimuna onse ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha minofu, koma kumbuyo kochepa. Khosi la zolengedwa izi silitali kwambiri. Miyendo ya ma Mustangs ndi yayitali komanso yopanda minofu. Ma Hooves amadziwika ndi mphamvu yowonjezereka, kotero mahatchi amatha kuyenda ngakhale pamiyala.
Thunthu loterolo ndi miyendo imaloleza nyama kukula kwambiri ndikuthamanga kwanthawi yayitali. Kutalika kwa munthu wamkulu kumakhala pafupifupi mamita 1.5. Kulemera kumatha kuyambira 320 mpaka 400 kg. Dera la kufota kwa Mustangs silifotokozeredwe kwenikweni. Manjawo amatha kutalika mosiyanasiyana. Chovala cha mahatchiwa chimasiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Pali tricolor, wakuda, oyera, ofiira, piebald ndi bay. Khungu la mahatchi amtchire amakhala oyera nthawi zonse.
Zilombozi, monga makolo awo akutali, zimakhala m'gulu lankhosa, zomwe zimaloleza kutetezedwa ku nkhosazo. Gulu la mahatchi akutchire lingathe kufikira anthu 18. Ili ndi malo otsogola. Zazikulu zikuluzikulu ndi khola. Kuphatikiza apo, pagulu la mahatchi atchire pali akazi ambiri, nyama zazing'ono ndi anyani.
Mkati mwa gulu la ng'ombe, yamphongo imangosonyeza ukulu wake. Izi ndichifukwa choti anyani amitundu yosiyanasiyana amakhala m khola, ndipo abambo omwe akukula mtsogolomo atha kupanga mpikisano wothamanga. Mares omwe akukhala mu gulu lomwelo samatsutsana. Pamafika pagulu la amuna ochokera kumayiko ena, mbalame yayikulu yamphongo imatsalira ndikuopsezedwa, ndipo yaikazi ya alpha imatsogolera gululo kumalo otetezeka.
Nyama izi zimamva bwino za oimira ena abusa. Pausiku wozizira, komanso m'malo omwe chipale chofewa chimagwera nthawi yozizira, mahatchiwa adaphunzira kutentha. Kuti muchite izi, amapanikizana kwambiri. Pakuwopseza zilombo, mamembala amawo amamanga mphete, yomwe mkati mwake mumakhalabe achinyamata komanso odwala. Mahatchi amphamvu komanso athanzi akumenya ziboda zawo ndikugwedezeka mwamphamvu, ndikuthamangitsa olusa.
Madera ambiri momwe mapaini amakhala ndipo ndi ouma, chifukwa chake akavalo amayesa kukhala pafupi ndi dzenjelo makamaka masiku otentha. Pothana ndi majeremusi ku ubweya, nthawi zambiri amasamba ndikusamba matope.
Kodi mangawa amadya chiyani?
Mizere yomwe imakula pamitengo yayikulu ya ku America ndi yoperewera chifukwa cha michere, kotero ma mustang amayenera kusunthira pafupipafupi kuti akhale ndi chakudya chokwanira. Pankhani yazakudya, mahatchi atchirewa ndi osazindikira. Chapakatikati, ma harang amudya udzu wobiriwira komanso maluwa. Munthawi imeneyi, akuluakulu amatha kudya mpaka 6 kg zamasamba patsiku.
Pambuyo pake, mbewu zikauma chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri, akavalo amapitiliranso kuzidya. Nyengo yachilala ndi nthawi yabwino kwambiri nyama zamtchirezi. Palibe udzu wouma womwe watsala, ndipo akavalo amakakamizidwa kudya:
M'madera omwe chipale chofewa chimagwa nthawi yozizira, mahatchi atha kuyeretsa ndi ziboda zawo kuti azichotsa zinyalala zazomera zofunikira. Akavalo atchire nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mchere wambiri. Kuti apange izo, amatha kubowola mafupa omwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka kumtunda. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zambiri amadya dongo kuti apeze mchere wofunikira. M'miyezi yotentha kwambiri, mahatchi amakhala pamalo othirira kawiri pa tsiku, akumamwa madzi okwanira malita 50-60. Mu nyengo yozizira, malita 30-30 amadzimadzi patsiku ndizokwanira iwo.
Adani
Zoyambitsa zowopsa zazoyipa zaangongole zimaphatikizapo mmbulu ndi puma. Nyama izi ndi zokulirapo kupha hatchi. Nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi anthu wamba, okalamba komanso odwala, potero amasula oweta kuchokera kwa ofooka kwambiri. Zowopsa kwambiri pamtunduwu ndi nkhandwe ndi nkhandwe. Nyama zolusa izi zimangoyenda ndi zibwenzi zangobadwa kumene zomwe zatsala osasamalidwa ndi amayi awo.
Komabe, mdani woopsa kwambiri wa Mustangs ndi anthu. Kusaka kwa anthu osapembedza kumeneku kunali kofala m'zaka za zana la 19 ndi kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, zomwe pafupifupi zinapangitsa kuti anthu onse atheretu. Tsopano kavalo wamtunduwu ndiotetezedwa ndi malamulo.
Mustang kufalikira kwa kavalo
Pofika theka lachiwiri la XIX century. kuchuluka kwa mahatchi atchire kukwera mpaka mamiliyoni 2. Adawononga kwambiri ulimi womwe udayamba chifukwa adadya ndikuponda mbewu zazikulu. Kuphatikiza apo, akatswiri ambiri azachilengedwe a nthawi imeneyo adanena kuti mahatchi ochulukawo amavulaza chilengedwe, popeza adadya udzu ndikuwononga sod. Pofuna kuchepetsa kuchuluka kulikonse komwe nyama zimapezeka (kupatula malo otetezedwa), kuwombera kwawo kunayamba.
Kuphatikiza apo, nyama nthawi zambiri zimatengedwa kumakiseche apadera ndikupititsidwa kumalo ophera nyama. Pofika pofika 70s m'zaka za zana la XIX, kuchuluka kwa osakhulupirira kunatsika mpaka 17-18,000. Panali zoyeserera poteteza ma Mustang kuti asatulutsidwe. Ndi 1971 pokha pomwe panali lamulo lokhudza kutetemera kwa mashonje, koma izi sizinathetse vutoli, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa mahatchi akutchire kunayamba kukulanso mwachangu. Njira zinatengedwa kuti ziwongolere manambala. Pakuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero cha akavalo m'gawolo, ena mwa iwo amalandidwa ndikugulitsidwa kumsika.
Ma Mustangs aku Spain
Nyamazi zinali ponseponse ku Spain asanafike ku America. Tsopano mtunduwu watsala pang'ono kutha. Ma mustangs aku Spain amakhala ndi zosiyana zambiri kuchokera ku American. Hatchi yakutchire yomwe imakhala kudera la Spain, idachokera ku sorraia ndi mtundu wa Andalusian. Matsenga a ku Spain amasiyanitsidwa ndi kupirira komanso kukongola kwachilendo. Ndi ochepa. Pofota amafikira 110-120 cm zokha.
Pali mahatchi amizere yosiyanasiyana, koma ochulukirapo ndi khwangwala ndi mtundu wa mgoza. Chovala chanyama chimakhala chachifupi komanso chofiirira. Anthu ambiri amakhala ndi chingwe choluka ndi mchira. Mahatchi amenewa amatha kuthamanga mpaka mailo 250 ndikuchita bwino, zomwe amayamikiridwa kwambiri ndi okonda masewera olimbirana.
Kupirira kwa mahatchiwa kumatsimikiziridwa ndi minofu yolimba, mphamvu yayikulu yamapapo komanso kayendetsedwe ka mtima wogwira ntchito bwino. Nyama ndizosavomerezeka pankhani yazakudya. Popeza mtundu womwe umapangidwa mu vivo, umatha kulimbana ndi matenda ambiri opatsirana akavalo. Ma mangange a ku Spain tsopano amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamafamu ena a studio kuti apititse patsogolo mitundu yatsopano yokwera.
Don Mustang
Kwa zaka zopitilira 50, anthu a Don Mustang akhala pachilumba cha Vodnoye. Gawoli lili pakati pa Nyanja ya Manych-Gudilo, yokhala ndi mchere wambiri. Kuyambira 1995, chilumbachi chakhala mbali ya Rostovsky Natural Reserve. Pali malingaliro ambiri ofotokoza chiyambi cha akavalo awa.
Ofufuzawo ambiri amavomereza kuti maimangawa amachokera kwa oimira mtundu wa Don, omwe sanali oyenera kubereka ena ndipo adamasulidwa ndi anthu. Pang'onopang'ono, chiwerengero cha akavalo chinakwera. Anapita kutchire, kutayiratu kucheza ndi anthu. Tsopano kuchuluka kwa a Don Mustangs ndi anthu pafupifupi 200.
Nyama izi sizofanana ndi zomwe zimatha kubala. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi thupi lamphamvu. Pazifota zimafika pafupifupi masentimita 140. Msana wake ndi wolimba. Miyendo ndiyifupi, ndi ziboda zolimba. Mwambiri, ma stallion amabadwa ndi mtundu wofiira. Zinadziwika kuti m'chiwerengero cha Don Mustang mtundu wa alubino ndi wamphamvu. Izi zimabweretsa kuwoneka kwa anyani ndi khungu loyera, koma anthu otere nthawi zambiri sapulumuka. Don Mustangs amakhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira kwambiri, motero amalimbana ndi matenda onse.
Mahatchi abweranso
Paulendo wake wachiwiri, Columbus adatengera mahatchi ochepa kuchokera ku Spain. Koma chiyambi cha kubereka mahatchi ku New World chikugwirizana ndi dzina la Cortes, yemwe mu 1519 ndi 1525 adabweretsa akavalo ambiri ndikupanga maziko oswana ku Mexico. Mahatchi ambiri aku Spain (Andalusian) anaitanitsidwa, koma panali mitundu ina yokwanira, kuchuluka kwake komwe kunasiyana kwakanthawi, komwe kunalola kuti pakhale gulu la mbewa zazing'onoting'ono.
Mangengwe ndi mahatchi amtchire omwe amabwerera ku moyo wawo atabadwa ku America kuchokera ku Europe.
Pakutha kwa zaka za zana la 16, kuchuluka kwa akavalo anali kukula kwambiri, ku Florida kokha kuchuluka kwa zolinga kudaposa 1000.Anthu akumaloko adagwira nawo gawo lalikulu pantchito yoweta mahatchi - amwenye mwachangu adatenga kavaloyo ngati njira yayikulu yoyendera, ngakhale ambiri amangowasaka pogwiritsa ntchito chakudya. Kugwiritsa ntchito akavalo nyama kunachitidwa ndi amwenye osazolowera chikhalidwe cha ku Europe. Koma ambiri mwa nzika za m'derali adagwidwa, komwe amamugwirira ntchito zapakhomo. Ngakhale kuti malamulo aku Spain azaka zapitazo amaletsa amwenye kukwera, ambiri osamukira kudzikolo adaphwanya lamulo loletsa kuti akhale akapolo. Zotsatira zake, amwenye othawa omwe adaphunzitsidwa kukwera pamahatchi amatha kuphunzitsa anthu amtundu wawo.
Kuyambira heyday mpaka kutsika
Amwenye ambiri adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mahatchi, omwe adalandidwa kapena kugula ambiri (zimadziwika kuti fuko la Apache ndi Navaja lidagula akavalo opitilira 2000 kuchokera ku Spaniards kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 17). Anthu am'dzikolo adadziwonetsa kuswana, motero adabala mtundu woyamba waku America - Appaloosa, womwe wadziwika kuyambira 1750.
Nthawi yomweyo, kulowetsa mahatchi kuchokera kudera la Old World kukupitilizabe. Chifukwa chake, mu 1769, munthu wokhala ku Spain adakhazikitsa malo ku California, chiwerengero cha akavalo omwe adakwaniritsa zolinga 24,000. Chiwerengerochi chinakula mwachangu kwambiri kotero kuti gawo lina limangobalalikirana, komanso kuphedwa chifukwa cha nyama.
Chiwerengero cha akavalo chinali kukula kwambiri. Pofika kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 19, kuchuluka kwa nyama zakutchire, malinga ndi kuyerekezera kosiyanasiyana, amafikira anthu 2-6 miliyoni. Nthawi yomweyo, ndizosatheka kuweruza kuchuluka kwa ziweto, chifukwa sipanayesedwe kulembetsa mpaka 1971 (lamulo pa kulembetsa kwa abulu amtchire ndi osochera adatulutsidwa). Malinga ndi zofalitsa zina, kuchuluka kwambiri kwa anthu kumayambiriro kwa nkhondozi kunali pakati pa America ndi Mexico (mu 1848) ndi Spain (mu 1898). Pazochitika izi komanso pambuyo pake, chiwerengerocho chidatsika kwambiri. Choyamba, chifukwa cholanda mahatchi pazosowa zankhondo, ndipo chachiwiri, chifukwa chakuwombera kwa akavalo komwe kudavulaza ulimi.
M'zaka za zana la 20, kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa chiŵerengero cha akavalo amtchire ku America kunayamba. Mu 1930, ziweto zambiri zinkakhala kumadzulo kwa magawo azigawo ndipo sizinadutse 100,000. Koma pofika 1950, anthu anali atatsika mpaka 25,000. Nyama zakuthengo zidadzaza ndi alimi, agalu agalu adagwidwa, adawomberedwa kuchokera ndege. Milandu yapoizoni ya mabowo othirira yapezeka mobwerezabwereza. Zonsezi zinathandizira kukhazikitsa kwa Mustang Protection Act mu 1959. Malinga ndi izi, kusaka nyama kunali kochepa, zoletsa paulimi zinayambitsidwa. Nthawi yomweyo, ntchito zamtchire zidayambitsidwa ndipo mapaki adzikolo adatsegulidwa.
Malinga ndi zomwe zachitika mu 2010, chiwerengero chonse cha akavalo akuthengo ndi anthu 34,000 ndi abulu pafupifupi 5,000. Nyama zambiri zimakhazikika ku Nevada, ndipo zochulukazo zimapezeka ku California, Oregon, ndi Utah.
Khalidwe la mahatchi onyenga
Anthu ambiri okhala ndi ma mustangs amakhala kudera louma la United States, pomwe alimi adawameza. Awa ndi madera osayenera kuweta ziweto momwe zimavuta kupeza chakudya komanso madzi abwino. Chifukwa chake, pali kusinthika pang'onopang'ono kwa nyama, komwe kumawonedwa m'mbiri yonse ya kukhalapo kwa ma mustangs.
Amawonetsedwa kuti ndi nyama zokongola komanso zachisomo, zofanana ndi mahatchi apamwamba kwambiri komanso aku Europe. Koma ichi ndi chithunzi chopangidwa ndi olemba ndi cinema. M'malo mwake, a Mustangs samadziwa kuswana ndipo ndi omwe amapanga mitundu yambiri yazoweta. Kuphatikiza apo, kutali ndi mahatchi abwino kwambiri adalowetsedwa ndi atsamunda a ku Europe, ndipo chifukwa chakusagwirizana kwawo, kusinthika kwa mtunduwo kunachitika.
Pakadali pano, American Horse Breeding Association yatulutsa mtundu womwe umaphatikizapo nyama zodziwika bwino kwambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi mitundu ina ya chikhalidwe:
- thupi lotupa,
- mutu wouma wokhala ndi mtanda wazizungulira,
- phokoso laling'ono
- mbiri yowongoka yamutu
- kutalika kochepa kufota - 140-150 cm,
- tsamba ndi lalitali, lili pakona
- kumbuyo kuli kochepa
- chifuwa ndichachikulu,
- minofu yakukula bwino,
- ozungulira croup
- kutsitsa kotsika
- molunjika miyendo
- mawonekedwe ozungulira owombedwa ndi nyanga yolimba.
Mutu wa Mustang ulibe kanthu. Pakati pa nyama izi, mutha kupeza anthu amtundu uliwonse - kuyambira wakuda mpaka woyera, koma nthawi zambiri pamakhala nyama za bay ndi savras zomwe zimakhala ndi zilembo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Chiwerengero cha nyama zowonedwa pakati pamitengo imaposa mtundu wina uliwonse. Izi ndichifukwa chakulowetsedwa ndi ma Spaniards mahatchi okhala ndi zikwangwani komanso kukonda kwa Amwenye kukongoletsa kotere. Chifukwa chake, pali mitundu ingapo ku America komwe kuwunika ndikofunika kwambiri. Zoyimira ndi miyeso yosiyanasiyana zimayendetsedwa ndi kusiyana kwa anthu - ma subtypes angapo amakhala ku United States, omwe amagawidwa ndi zolemba zapamwamba.
Kusaka ndi Kuthamangitsa Ma Mustang
M'mbuyomu, kusaka kwathunthu kudakonzedwa ndi a Mustangs. Izi zidachitika chifukwa mahatchi amakhala ndi khungu labwino kwambiri komanso supple khungu, komanso nyama yambiri. Chifukwa cha izi, kuchuluka kwa akavalo amtchire kudakhala ochepa komanso ochepa chaka chilichonse. Masiku ano ku America amatulutsa kusaka nyama zabwinozi ndizoletsedwa. Kuonetsetsa kuti a Mustangs ali otetezeka, mu 1971, boma la United States lidapereka malamulo oletsa kusaka mahatchi amtchire ndikuwathamangitsa pamalo aboma.
Mahatchi ndi nyama zokongola komanso zachisomo. Kuyambira kale, zimapangitsa munthu kusangalala komanso kusilira. Pakati pa nyama zomwe zatchulidwa, munthu amatha kusiyanitsa othandizira ndi abwenzi a munthu, komanso abale awo omasuka ndi opanduka. Ndilo lotsiriza lomwe ndiye chimake cha chisomo, ulemu, kukongola ndi ufulu.