Mwina sizingamveke kukhala zodabwitsa, koma zolemba zina zikuwonetsa kuti chisindikizo ndichopepuka kuposa dolphin. Ndiwosamala kuposa mahava wakupha, agulugufe, ma dolphin ndi ena ambiri oimira banja lalikulu la dolphin. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mungateteze ma dolphin ndi ukonde kuti utuluke pang'ono masentimita 30 kuchokera m'madzi, ndiye kuti nyama yosamirayo silingaganize kuti idumpha ndi kusambira kudutsamo. Imayenda mothamanga mkati mwa nthano zachabechabe izi ndikudziwoneka momasuka. Mwanjira imeneyi, magulu azombo asodzi amagwira ma dolphin mu maukonde awo achikwama. Ndi chisindikizo, izi sizigwira ntchito. Nyama imagonjetsedwa mosavuta chotchinga popanda kuganizira sekondi.

Mfundo yoti chisindikizo ndi chanzeru kuposa dolphin imatsimikizidwanso ndi kuwonera kambiri ndi ophunzitsa. Nthawi zambiri azindikira kuti chisindikizo chaching'ono ichi chimapatsa nzeru masekondi ambiri mofulumira kuposa woimira banja la dolphin. Amatha kuvina, kuyimba, kutsagana ndi kupulumutsidwa kwa munthu woganiza mwakuya, kulumikizana ndi manja, komanso kuwerengera kosavuta kuwerenga. Chisindikizo chimatha kusambira pa liwiro linalake molamula, kumadumphira pansi nthawi zosiyanasiyana komanso kuya kosiyanasiyana.

Nyama izi zatchulapo mawonekedwe amodzi payekha. Iwo, monga anthu, ndi aulesi komanso ogwira ntchito molimbika, achidwi komanso osakhala kwambiri. Pali nyama zodekha komanso zokoma mtima, pali zina zosasangalatsa. Nerpa amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya mtima kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa minofu ya mtima, motero kuchepetsa mowa. Izi ndizofunikira popumira pansi mwakuya. Pakakhala zovuta, pakakhala chakudya chochepa, mwana wosabadwayo amatha kutulutsidwa kapena kuwilitsidwa mpaka nthawi yabwino. Mwanjira ina, chilombo chimakhala ndi thupi langwiro ndikuwongolera thupi lake, zomwe sitinganene za "korona wachilengedwe."

Nthawi yomweyo, chimbalangondo chomwechi chimasaka zisindikizo bwino. Chifukwa chake chimbalangondo mu mphamvu zake zamaganizidwe sichikhala chotsika ndi zikhomo. Izi zikupangira mawu osavuta: anthu, modzitukumula poyika dolphin pa malo oyamba, mwachidziwikire adachita mwachangu. Nyama zina sizikhala ndi nzeru zapamwamba, ndipo ndani mwa iwo amene ali wanzeru kwambiri akadali funso lalikulu.

Kupambana kwa Dolphin

Udindo wapamwamba kwambiri wa ma dolphin pakati pa zinyama adawonekera ndi John Lilly, wofufuza za dolphin wa 1960s komanso wokonda mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Ndiye anali woyamba kutchukitsa lingaliro loti ma dolphin ndi anzeru, ndipo pambuyo pake ananenanso kuti ndiwanzeru kuposa anthu.

Pamapeto pake, zitatha zaka za 1970s, Lilly adasalidwa kwambiri ndipo adathandizira pang'ono sayansi ya dolphin. Koma ngakhale zoyesayesa za asayansi otchuka kuti adzipatule pakati pa malingaliro ake odabwitsa (kuti ma dolphin adadziwitsidwa zauzimu) komanso ngakhale zonama (zomwe ma dolphin amalumikizana ndi zithunzi za holographic), dzina lake limagwirizanitsidwa ndi ntchito zophunzira za ma dolphin.

"Alipo, ndipo ndikuganiza akatswiri ambiri a dolphin angavomereze nane, bambo wa anzeru a dolphin," a Justin Gregg analemba m'buku lake, "Kodi a Dolphins Smart?"

Kuyambira nthawi yakufufuza, ma dolphin a Lilly awonetsa kuti amamvetsetsa zizindikiritso zojambulidwa ndi kanema wawayilesi, amasiyanitsa ziwalo zamthupi lawo, amazindikira chithunzi chawo mu kalilole ndipo amakhala ndi whistle repertoire yovuta komanso ngakhale mayina.

Mulimonsemo, malingaliro onsewa akhala akukayikira posachedwapa. Buku la a Gregg ndiye gawo lomaliza la nkhondo pakati pa neuroanatomy, machitidwe ndi kulumikizana - pakati pa malingaliro omwe ma dolphin ndi apadera komanso kuti akufanana ndi zolengedwa zina zambiri.

Kodi mwadziwa bwanji?

Ngati gulu la ma dolphins litetezedwa ndi ma netiweki omwe angatuluke pamadzi kwa masentimita 30 okha, sazindikira kuti mutha kudumphira pamaneti ndikusiya. Ma dolphin amasambira mkati mwa cholepheretsa ichi ndi kufinya. Umu ndi momwe zombo zonyamula nsomba zimagwirira ntchito maukonde awo. Ndi zisindikizo zotere zimalephera. Woimira banja atha kuthana ndi vutoli mosavuta, izi sizikhala zovuta pang'ono kwa iye.

Zisindikizo sizoyipa kuposa ma dolphin ophunzitsira.

Zakuti chidindocho chimapangidwa bwino kuposa dolphin kuposa momwe ophunzitsa dolphin amanenera. Amati zisindikizo izi zimatha kupanga zanzeru zambiri mwachangu kuposa anthu am'banja la dolphin. Zisindikizo zimatha kuimba, kuvina, kulankhulana ndi manja, kupulumutsa anthu poyeserera, ngakhale kuchita masewera oyeserera. Zisindikizo izi zimatha kulowa pansi mwakuya mosiyanasiyana ndikusambira mwachangu.

Kodi mwayi waluso ndi chiyani?

Chisindikizo chimakhala ndi mikhalidwe yapadera. Amakhala ngati anthu ali ndi chidwi, achangu, ogwira ntchito molimbika komanso aulesi.

Pali anthu omwe ali ndi khalidwe labwino, ndipo pali zisindikizo zosasangalatsa.

Zisindikizo zimakhala ndi zilembo zosiyanasiyana.

Zisindikizo izi zimatha kubweza m'mbuyo mphamvu ya minofu ya mtima, potero kuchepetsa mpweya. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri posambira mwakuya.

Ngati pali zovuta ndi chakudya, ndiye kuti mwana yemwe ali ndi pakati amatha kusungidwa mpaka nthawi yoyenera kapena kupasuka kwathunthu. Ndiye kuti, chisindikizo chimakhala ndi thupi lake lonse ndipo chimatha kuchilamulira.

Ma dolphin onse ndi zisindikizo - ziwiri zonsezi ndi anzeru kwambiri.

Koma, ngakhale atakhala ndi luntha la zisindikizo, zimbalangondo za polar zimazisaka ndi chipambano chachikulu. Ndiye kuti, titha kunena kuti zimbalangondo ndi nyama zanzeru ngati zisindikizo.

Chifukwa chake malembawa amadzitsimikizira: ngati dolphin moyenerera limatenga malo pakati pa nyama mu malingaliro ake. Nyama zina sizikhala ndi nzeru zapamwamba, chifukwa chake, yomwe ili yanzeru kwambiri ndi funso lalikulu.

Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.

Nerpa imameza chakudya popanda kutafuna - palibe makina oyeretsa mano. Kutenga kachilomboka kumatengera chikhazikitso chake, motero kuluma kwa chidindo cha Baikal kumadzaza ndi poyizoni wamagazi. Laska wa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi amaphunzitsidwa kujambulidwa ndi alendo ku nerpinaria, koma zindikirani: Evgeny Baranov amupatsa nsomba pa zovala zazitali.

Wofufuza wakale ku Limnological Institute akuwonetsa kuti zisindikizo ndizochenjera kwambiri kuposa ma dolphin

Chisindikizo cha Baikal chimakhala bwino ku yoga, izi zimathandiza kuti muchepetse kugunda kwa mtima ndikuchita popanda oxygen kwa ola limodzi. Ndipo wophunzira aliyense angachitire kaduka luso la akazi kuchedwetsa kubereka kosafunikira kwa chaka chimodzi kapenanso kuthetsa chiberekero.

Palibe mawu otere - nerpinaria
Akonzi a SM Number One adayamba kuchita chidwi ndi Yevgeny Baranov ngati katswiri wofufuza za Nerpinaria (chidwi ndi Zisindikizo za Baikal zophunzitsidwa zomwe zidatsegulidwa ku Irkutsk pafupifupi chaka chapitacho, lero ndi yekhayo padziko lapansi).
- Kwenikweni, palibe mawu ngati awa - nerpinaria. Sizinalowebe mu mabuku otanthauzira, "atero a Evgeny Alekseevich. - Tili ndi chiyembekezo kuti akatswiri azilimi awongolera nkhaniyi. Timatsata zolinga zina, potsegula Nerpinaria yomwe tikufuna kuyang'ana chisindikizo cha Baikal. Mavuto ake. Si chinsinsi kuti si alendo akunja okha - ambiri okhala m'chigawo chathu sanawonane ndi Nyanja ya Baikal.
Mwayi woyang'ana chisindikizo, kumene, unalipo kale (mwachitsanzo, ku Limnological Institute), koma cholembedwa cha Baikal chophunzitsidwa chimakhala chongomverera. Kwa zaka 20-30,000, munthu amadula zisindikizo. Muyenera kuvomereza kuti mawuwa ndiwofunika, kotero kuti pamlingo wa majini chisindikizo chimayamba kukhala chidziwitso kwa anthu. Pakadali pano, Yevgeny Baranov amakhulupirira kuti chisindikizo cha Baikal sichili chopusa komanso dolphin, ndipo nthawi zina malingaliro ake amatha kutchedwa kuti amafunsa zambiri. Ndipo adatsimikiza. Ogwira ntchito osokoneza bongo a nerpinaria Nessi ndi Tito tsopano amatha kutchedwa kuti nyenyezi za gawo lamadzi. Amatha kuyimba, kuvina ndi lambada ndi rock ndikugubuduza, kupulumutsa munthu womangika, kuwonetsa chimphepo pa Nyanja ya Baikal, kuwerengera kosavuta, ndikuyankhula ndi manja.
- Zoti chisindikizo chimatha kuphunzitsidwa chakhala chikudziwika kwanthawi yayitali. Anayamba kuphunzitsa magulu omwe amapezeka mu labotale ya nsomba ndi nyama zam'madzi, "akutero wofufuza wamkulu ku Limnological Institute (wogwira ntchito ku nerpinaria ya Yevgeny Baranov ndi zosangalatsa chabe. - Zindikirani). - Pazoyeserera, tinaphunzitsanso chidindo kuti chizisambira pansi mosiyanasiyana, kusambira liwiro linalake ndi zina zotero. Tidazindikira kuti chisindikizo cha Baikal sichingafanane ndi mitundu ina iliyonse yachisindikizo, chitha kukhala pansi pamadzi mpaka mphindi makumi asanu ndi awiri. Mwakulimba, amachepetsa kugunda kwa mtima, potero amachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya. Kodi ntchito imeneyi ndi yotani? Si chinsinsi kuti matenda onse amtima wamunthu mwa anthu amalumikizidwa ndi kufa ndi mpweya, ndipo sizingatipweteke kutiphunziranso chimodzimodzi.
Kuyesaku kumachitika osati mu ma laboratori okha. Poyesa, zisindikizo ziwiri zasayansi zinatulutsidwa kuthengo:
"Masana, Zlyuka ndi Masha (mayesowo adayesedwa. - Approx. Author.) Zida zoyengedwa zomwe zimasambira ndikuthamanga liti pazisindikizo, ndikujambula zinthu zodyetsa," akutero Yevgeny Baranov. - Kenako zida zidalekanitsa, zidasokonekera ndikuyamba kutumiza ma wayilesi. Tidatenga umboni ndikutsimikizira kuti chisindikizo, mosiyana ndi zomwe anthu ambiri amakhulupirira, amadya nsomba zochepa. Ndiye kuti, imapulumutsa Baikal kuti isachotsedwe ndi nsomba zopanda pake, zopanda phindu. Pali malingaliro okonzekeretsa zisindikizo ndi zida zotere osati kwa tsiku limodzi, koma kwa chaka chathunthu, koma zida zotere ndizokwera mtengo - pafupifupi $ 90,000. Russian-American Civil Science Foundation idayankha mwaulemu kukana kwathu pempho lothandizidwa ndi ndalama: ati ntchitoyi ndi yokongola kwambiri, koma sitingathandizire m'njira zina.
Sizikudziwikabe kuti chidindo chimasowa kapena ayi.
Pakadali pano, asayansi akuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira yowerengera chisindikizo, chomwe chimasiyanitsidwa ndi cholakwika chachikulu. Evgeny Baranov adati pali njira yatsopano yomwe ingalole kuwerengera zisindikizo zonse za Baikal popanda kusiyapo:
- Ndi anzanga aku Nizhny Novgorod, tidapanga njira yowerengera ma hydroacoustic. Nerpa ndiamene amakhala kwambiri ku Nyanja ya Baikal, imawonetsera bwino mtengo, popeza mpweya wambiri (wowonetsa kwakukulu wa radiation) umasonkhana m'mapapu ake komanso mkamwa mwake. Tidayesa chida pa Zluka, adapereka malamulo, adatsikira pansi, ndikuyika mutu wake pansi, mmbali ndi zina zotero. Zotsatira zake zomwe sitingathe kuwerengera zisindikizo zonse zokha, komanso kuziyang'anira mwachilengedwe. Ntchitoyi imafuna ndalama zambiri, zomwe palibe amene akutilonjeza. Ndipo muyenera kuthamangira ndi izi, pali pafupifupi zisindikizo 90,000, kuphatikiza kapena 30,000. Kumene tikulakwitsa sitikudziwika kumene. Chabwino, ngati 120, koma ngati 60? Ndi chiwerengero chovuta chiti chomwe chimavuta kuwerengetsa. Koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti chisindikizo chimakhala moyo payekhapayekha, champhongo ndi chachikazi chimakumana kamodzi kokha pachaka - pakugwa. Chifukwa chake, ngati kuchuluka kwa zisindikizo ndizochepa kwambiri, ndiye kuti sangathe kukwaniritsa.
Chifukwa chosowa ndalama za njira yatsopanoyi, chisindikizo chimawerengedwa ngati njira yomwe Irkutsk wasayansi Vladimir Dmitrievich Pastukhov anali. M'mwezi wa Epulo, ofufuza amapita ku Nyanja ya Baikal, ayezi amathyola kulowa malo olembetsera. Asayansi amadziwa kuchuluka kwa ana omwe amapangidwa chaka chino ndi zimbudzi ndi ubweya wopukutira. Ntchitoyi imachitika mopitilira muyeso. Ofufuzawo amayenera kuyendetsa njinga zamoto kale pamadzi oundana.
"Woloka zopinga," a Evgeny Alekseevich akuseka. - Mamembala otuluka nthawi zonse amasuntha kuchokera kumwera kupita kumpoto, kuthawa dzuwa.
Mayina a chilombo ndi wa nyenyezi
Kuchokera paulendo umodzi wopita kumpoto kwa Nyanja ya Baikal, a Evgeny Baranov sanabwerere chimanjamanja.
- Zaka zitatu zapitazo, zisindikizo ziwiri zidagulidwa kwa asaka. Sindikumbukira kuti adawalipira chiyani, koma amunawo adakonzeka kuwapatsa pachabe, zinali zomvetsa chisoni kupha.
Ndalamazo amatchedwa Nessie ndi Tito:
- Nessie - chifukwa pa nthawi imeneyo pomwe malingaliro adabadwa za mawonekedwe a chilombo ku Nyanja ya Baikal ngati Loch Ness, ndi Tito - polemekeza woyendetsa danga Dennis Tito (chaka chimenecho adawulowera m'malo ngati gulu la asitikali aku Russia-America). Mwa njira, tinaphunzira mbiri ya wochita bizinesi waku America - amawoneka ngati munthu wosangalatsa kwambiri. Adazindikira kuti amakhala pafupi ndi Hollywood, koma palibe adilesi yoyenera. Tikukhulupirira kuti tidzamuwonetsa ku zisindikizo za dzina lomweli.
Nessie ndi Tito nthawi yomweyo ankawoneka ngati asayansi anzeru. Adaganiza zowaphunzitsa, nditafika nthawi imeneyi malingaliro otsegulira matenda amitsempha ku Irkutsk adayamba kukhazikika:
“Chisindikizo chilichonse chimakhala ndi mtundu wake,” akutero wofufuza zaunyama wazam'madzi. -Munthu ndi wolimbikira, wina ndi waulesi. Ena amamvetsetsa kuseka, pomwe ena amafunika kugwira ntchito mwamphamvu. Nessy ndi Tito nawonso ndi osiyana. Mkazi ndiwophatikiza, ndipo Tito ndi nyenyezi, nthawi zambiri impromptu amakonda kugwira ntchito. Onsewa amakonda nyimbo pagulu lalikulu la anthu, amakhumudwa ngati omvera asiyira chidwi chawo kwa wophunzitsa kwa nthawi yayitali. Amakondwera pamene adzaonanso wogwira ntchito kwa nerpinaria atabwerako tchuthi. Abiti, ndiye.
Inde, asayansi anali ndi nkhawa momwe zisindikizo zimakhalira limodzi m'madzi amodzi, koma mantha awa sanatsimikizidwe:
"Ndikuganiza kuti mu nerpinaria amamva bwino," akutero a Evgeny Alekseevich. - Zinthu zonse zimapangidwa, pafupi kwambiri ndi zachilengedwe. Madziwo ndi ozizira ngati ku Baikal, kampani ya Angarsk inapanga zida zozizira. Zisindikizo zimangodya nsomba zokha, sitimalola zatsopano zilizonse m'zakudya. Pali makina ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chifukwa kulibe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'madzi a Baikal, ndipo alipo ambiri pakati pa anthu.
Bereka ana amapasa ochokera kwa makolo osiyanasiyana
Ana obadwa kwa Nessie ndi Tito sayembekeza, ali mu ukapolo, zisindikizo sizibereka. Musaganize kuti ndizotheka.
-Ngati mzimayi akuwona kuti zinthu sizoyenera kubadwa mwana, mwana wake wosabadwayo amatengedwa kapena kusungidwa kwa chaka chofanana ndi cha martens, anatero a Evgeny Baranov. - Zimachitika kuti nthawi imeneyi ikadzayamba kukwatiwa ndi wamwamuna wina, ndipo mwina amatha kubereka ana amapasa kuchokera kwa makolo osiyanasiyana, ndipo palibe vuto ndi alimony pakati pa zisindikizo. Koma mozama, kuthekera kwa "kulera" ndi njira yamphamvu yopewera kuchuluka kwa Nyanja ya Baikal. Zachikazi zofooka zomwe sizidzaphonyedwa ndi nsomba zimangayiwala kubereka. Mosiyananso, mwa magawo abwino, mpaka 95% ya akazi onse amabereka.
Kufufuza kwakukulu kwa chisindikizo cha Baikal kwakhala kukuchitika kwa zaka makumi anayi, koma pakadali pano mtundu wamtunduwu wa chidindo umawonedwa kuti sukumveka bwino.
"Pakadali pano, nthawi zina, chisindikizo chimakhala chanzeru kuposa dolphin, mwina, ngati dolphin, imatha kuchoka makamaka kupita wamba. Osati gawo lomaliza pa izi lidaseweredwa ndi anthropogenic factor. Nerpa amakhala wopanda vuto nthawi yovuta kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mwachitsanzo, dolphin sangayerekeze kulumpha pamwamba pa ukonde pamwamba pa zoyandama, monga chidindo chathu.
Malinga ndi wasayansiyo, zisindikizo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu zinthu zosayembekezeka kwambiri - mwachitsanzo, kufufuza maukonde opezeka ku Lake Baikal. Koma kwa sayansi, chisindikizo cha Baikal ndichofunika payokha. Ndikofunikira kuphunzira chisindikizo, ndipo chimatha kuphunzitsa zambiri.
<Dossier "CM Nambala Yoyamba"
A Evgeny Alekseevich Baranov adabadwa mu 1956 m'mudzi wa Lugovsky, m'boma la Mamsko-Chuy. Adaphunzira pasukulu yasekondale m'mudzi wa Amayi. Mu 1978 adamaliza maphunziro awo ku Dipatimenti ya Fizikiro ya Novosibirsk State University. Kuyambira 1982 wakhala akugwira ntchito ku Limnological Institute. Mu 1990 adateteza lingaliro lake pankhani yokhudza thupi la anthu ndi nyama, wochita nawo maphunziro asayansi yachilengedwe. Membala wa Council of Russia pa Marine Mammals.>

Ma dolphin ali ndi ubongo waukulu

Pakadali pano, kuwerengetsa kwa maluso a dolphin kwachitika ndi mitu iwiri yayikulu: umunthu ndi chikhalidwe.

Mu 2013, katswiri wazomangamanga Paul Manger adasindikiza nkhani pomwe adafotokoza momveka bwino kuti ubongo waukulu wa dolphin sugwirizana ndi luntha.

Munger, ofufuza ku Yunivesite ya Witwatersrand ku South Africa, m'mbuyomu adanenanso kuti ubongo waukulu wa dolphin ndiwotheka kuti udapangidwa kuti uthandize nyamayo kuti isasungire kutentha m'malo mwakuchita zinthu zanzeru. Nkhani iyi ya 2006 idatsutsidwa kwambiri ndi gulu lofufuza za dolphinologist.

Mu ntchito yake yatsopano (yolembedzedwanso ndi Munger), amatenga njira yowerengera yowerenga ubongo, zolemba zakale, ndipo nthawi zambiri amatchedwa kafukufuku wamakhalidwe, akumaliza kuti ma cetaceans siwopusa kuposa ma invertebrates ena komanso kuti ubongo wawo wawukulu udawonekera mwanjira ina. Nthawiyi, adatchulapo zamachitidwe ambiri monga chidziwitso pakuzindikiridwa kwa kalilole, komwe adachitika mu Seputembara 2011 ndipo adawonekera chifukwa cha Discover. Ngozi idawapeza ali osakwanira, olakwika kapena ofooka.

Lembetsani ku njira yathu ku Yandex Zen. Pamenepo mutha kupeza zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa zomwe sizili patsamba lathu.

Lori Marino, waukadaulo ku yunivesite ya Emory yemwe amalimbikitsa kulumikizana kwa ubongo, akugwira ntchito pobwezeretsa.

Ma dolphin ndi anzeru kwambiri

Ndibwino kubwera ku dolphinarium ndipo zikuwonekeratu kuti ma dolphin amatha kuchita zambiri, komanso "othandizira" awo.

Mtsutso wina ndikuti machitidwe a ma dolphin sakhala osasangalatsa monga amanenera za iye, a Gregg akutero. Monga katswiri wofufuza za dolphin, akuti amalemekeza "zopambana" za ma dolphin pankhani yokhudzana ndi kuzindikira, koma akuwona kuti anthu ndi ofufuza ena atenga pang'ono mphamvu zawo za kuzindikira. Kuphatikiza apo, nyama zina zambiri zimawonetsa zinthu zosangalatsa.

M'buku lake, Gregg amatchula akatswiri omwe amakayikira kufunikira kwakudziyesa pawokha pagalasi, komwe amakhulupirira kuti amadzizindikira. A Gregg akuti ma octopus ndi nkhunda zimatha kukhala ngati ma dolphin ngati muwapatsa kalilole.

Kuphatikiza apo, Gregg akuti kulumikizana kwa dolphin kumakhala kopitilira muyeso. Ngakhale mluzi wawo ndi kudina kwake ndi njira zovuta kuzidziwitsira mawu, komabe alibe mawonekedwe a chilankhulo cha anthu (monga kumaliza kwa malingaliro omveka bwino ndi matanthauzidwe kapena kumasuka ku malingaliro.

Pofuna kuti musaphonye chilichonse chosangalatsa kuchokera kudziko lamatekinoloje apamwamba, lembetsani ku njira yathu yofalitsa ku Telegraph. Pamenepo muphunzira zambiri.

Kuphatikiza apo, amadzudzula kuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito chiphunzitso chidziwitso - nthambi ya masamu - pazambiri zomwe zili mu mzungu wa dolphin. Kodi zidziwitso zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizirana nyama? Gregg amakayika, ndipo sakhala yekha.

Gregg akutsindika kuti ma dolphin alinso ndi luso lotha kuzindikira, komanso nyama zina zambiri. Ndipo sikuti ndi anzeru kwambiri: nkhuku zambiri zimakhala zanzeru pantchito zina ngati ma dolphin, Gregg amakhulupirira. Ma spider amawonetseranso luso lodabwitsa, komabe ali ndi maso asanu ndi atatu.

Kufunafuna chidziwitso

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti ofufuza ngati Manger ndi ambiri kuposa asayansi omwe akuphunzira luso la dolphin. Komanso, ngakhale a Gregg akuyesera kuti adzipatule kuti asamaganize za ma dolphin - iye amati nyama zina ndi zanzeru kuposa momwe timaganizira.

Ngakhale Gordon Gallup, wasayansi wazamakhalidwe oyimba ndi ubongo yemwe anali woyamba kugwiritsa ntchito magalasi kudziyesa kuti adziwe kuti ali ndi chidwi, akuwonetsa kukayikira kuti ma dolphin amatha kuchita izi.

"M'malingaliro mwanga, makanema omwe adawonetsedwa pamayesowa siwotsimikizika," adatero mu 2011. "Amangokhala okakamira, koma osatsimikiza."

Zotsutsana ndi kudzipatula kwa ma dolphin zimabwera pam malingaliro atatu. Choyamba, malinga ndi a Manger, ma dolphin samakhala otchena kuposa nyama zina. Kachiwiri, nkovuta kufananizira mtundu umodzi ndi wina. Chachitatu, pali maphunziro ochepa kwambiri pankhaniyi kuti mupeze mayankho olimba.

Ngakhale mbiri ya nyama yanzeru kwambiri, ma dolphin mwina sangakhale anzeru monga amaganiza.

Scott Norris, wolemba mbiri ya zinthu ziwiri, analemba kuti "wochenjera Scott Lilly" anathandizira kwambiri pakupanga chithunzi cha "ma dolphin anzeru" mu 1960s. Anachita chidwi ndi ma dolphin ndipo adakhala zaka zambiri akuwaphunzitsa momwe angalankhulire. Kuyesa kwa Lilly sikunali kwanzeru, nthawi zina ngakhale kunali kwachiwerewere, koma sanali iye yekhayo amene amayesera kuphunzitsa chilankhulo cha nyama zomwe zoyambira zanzeru zinanenedwa. Malumikizidwe ophatikizika amabadwa kuchokera ku machitidwe azachuma, ndipo zochitika pamagulu zimafuna zochitika zina zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi luntha. Kuti mupange ndikukumbukira kulumikizana kwanu, phunzirani zamakhalidwe atsopano ndikugwirira ntchito limodzi, muyenera chikhalidwe.

Nthawi zina zimawoneka kuti akumwetulira.

Kuchokera pamenepa, ma dolphin amawonetseradi machitidwe ndi machitidwe omwe amakhudzana ndi chikhalidwe komanso luntha lolimba. Norris akuti kafukufuku wa ma dolphin ndi zinsomba zakuthengo zikuwonetsa kuti mawu ake ndi osiyanasiyana komanso ali ndi chidziwitso chokwanira kuti chiziwoneka ngati chilankhulo. Ma dolphins amatha kudziwa bwino zikhalidwe zatsopano ndipo amatha kutsanzanso. Amatsata maubwenzi azovuta pagulu komanso pakati pa magulu. Iwo ngakhale, monga mukudziwa, amapanga njira zatsopano mogwirizana ndi nyengo yatsopano, ndipo izi, malinga ndi Norris, asayansi ena amawona "gawo lodziwika bwino kwambiri la luntha." Komanso, ma dolphin amatha kuphunzitsana wina ndi mnzake zatsopanozi. Norris amafotokoza momwe anthu ena a dolphin amagwiritsa ntchito masiponji kuwateteza ku nkhonya ndikuphunzitsanso ena njirayi. Kusamutsa koteroko machitidwe kumawonedwa ndi ambiri kukhala chiyambi cha chikhalidwe.

Inde, ma dolphin akuwoneka bwino kwambiri kuposa mitundu yambiri, koma mawonekedwe awo siosiyana ndi dolphin. Nyama zambiri, monga nkhumba zakutchire, agalu, anyani kapena mikango yam'nyanja, zimakhala ndi mawu ovuta, maubale, amatha kuphunzira, kutsata ndikusinthana ndi zochitika zatsopano, ndizovuta chabe. Maluso ambiri, makamaka kuphunzitsidwa, amakulitsidwa mu mitundu ina kuposa ma dolphin. Kusinthana kwachikhalidwe, komwe kumayenera kutsimikiziridwa pakati pa dolphin, sikofala, koma nyama zina sizimamvetseka bwino. Zitsanzo zina zitha kuzindikirika.

Bwerani macheza athu apadera a Telegraph. Nthawi zonse pamakhala wina woti akambirane nkhani kuchokera kudziko laukadaulo wapamwamba ndi.

Vutoli silili kokha komanso osati kwambiri ngati ma dolphin ali anzeru, chifukwa pamlingo winawake ndi anzeru, koma kaya ndi anzeru kuposa nyama zina, ndipo izi sizikudziwikabe. Ma dolphins amakonda kunena kuti ndi anthu. Ma dolphin ambiri amatha kusiyanitsa "nkhope" ndi "kumwetulira", zomwe sizinganenedwe, mwachitsanzo, za nkhumba zakuthengo. Kuyang'ana nkhope yakumasoyi, timayamba kuwona anthu aku dolphin. Kodi ma dolphin ndi anzeru? Zonse zimatengera momwe inu mukufuna kuwaonera.

✅ Mayina

Ofufuza za nyama apeza kuti ma dolphin amapatsa ana awo mayina. Kodi amvetsetsa bwanji izi? Asayansi atayang'ana gulu la dolphin, linaona kuti dolphin yachikazi imapereka mawu ena. Ndipo chodabwitsa ndichakuti mumtundu uliwonse wa ultrasound (squeak) kilo ina idayankha ndikuyankha, osati paketi yonse.

Zakudya za ana

Yaikazi imadyetsa ana akhanda ndi mkaka wa ana, komanso munthu.

Kusiyana komwe kuli pakati pa munthu ndi dolphin ndikuti zolengedwa zapamadzi sizitha kupanga ndi kupanga zida zogwirira ntchito ndikuthawa, chifukwa chilengedwe sichinawayika munthawi yomwe angafunikire. Chifukwa chake, poganizira izi, munthu ndiwopusa kuposa dolphin!