Mtundu wa labeo wamitundu iwiri umadziwika chifukwa cha kutchuka kwa asodzi pamadziwo. Thupi la nsomba ndi lakuda, losalala, ndipo mchira wake ndi wofiyira. Maonekedwe a thupi amafanana ndi shaki, chifukwa chake m'maiko olankhula Chingerezi labuo limatchedwa shaki-yofiyira.
Palinso nsomba ya albino: thupi lake ndi loyera, ndipo maso ake ndi zipsepse zimafiyira bwino. Wokhala m'madzi amtunduwu amasiyana ndi ma bicolor wamba wamba, mu zina zonse ndizofanana.
Nsomba zamitundu iwiri zamkati ndizokulira, kutalika kwake kuli pafupifupi 15 cm, munthu aliyense payekha amatha kutalika kwa 20. Labe amakhala pafupifupi zaka 5, ngakhale akatswiri ena azam'madzi akuti ali ndi zaka 9 mpaka 10.
Amuna ndi akazi ali ndi zosiyana maonekedwe:
- Miyeso yaikazi imakhala yokulirapo pang'ono.
- Utoto wamphongo ukuwala bwino.
- Mwa akazi akulu, pamimba ndi chozungulira.
Mwa achichepere, kusiyanaku kungakhale kovuta kwambiri kuzindikira.
Zambiri labe wa mitundu iwiri Malo akuluakulu okhala ndi malita 80 pa munthu wamkulu amafunikira. Monga mitundu yambiri ya nsomba yomwe imakhala m'mitsinje, labeo kwathunthu samaloleza kuphatikiza kwakanthawi m'madzi, kusankha madzi abwino okhala ndi mpweya.
Zizindikiro zokwanira zamadzi pazomwe ali ndizotere: kutentha 22 - 26 ° C, pH 6.5-7.5, kuuma kwa 5-15 °, aeration, kusefera ndi kusinthidwa kwa sabata mpaka 20% ya kuchuluka kwa madzi ndikofunikira.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kutengera madera pafupi ndi malo okhala zachilengedwe mu aquarium, ndipo ichi makamaka ndimatsanzira malo okhala ndi malo osiyanasiyana, machitidwe a kuchuluka kwa mbewu ndi mitengo.
Monga dothi, miyala yosalala ndi miyala yamiyala yosiyanasiyana ndi yoyenera bwino.
Mwa mbewu, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito omwe amatha kulumikiza mizu poonekera, awa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Anubias, Bolbitis kapena Microsorum.
Kuunikira kumalimbikitsidwa kowala bwino kuti zitsimikizire kukula kwa alamu ochepera omwe akuphatikizidwa muzakudya labe wa mitundu iwiri.
Ma Labeos amakonda kukhala m'madzi am'munsi komanso apakati, kumakhala nthawi yayitali, komanso pachiwopsezo, kubisala m'nkhokwe zaminda.
Labeo bicolor ndibwino kusunga nsomba zofanana komanso zofanana, popeza nthumwi zamtunduwu ndizotetezedwa ndipo ndizolimbikitsa osati mtundu wawo wokha, komanso kwa anthu amitundu ina, makamaka omwe ali ndi mithunzi yofiira. Komanso, pali mtundu wina womwe Labe amacheza mwamtendere ndi oimira genera Botia, Chromobotia, Yasuhikotakia ndi Syncrossus ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala wosagulitsa nsomba kuchokera ku genera Gyrinocheilus, Crossocheilus ndi Garra.
Sayenera kusungidwa ndi ma cichlids ang'onoang'ono ndi nsomba zambiri za mphaka. Koma pokhazikika pamtunda wapamwamba wa aquarium yaying'ono, kutulutsa, ma characin ogwira ntchito ndi oyenera.
Zikuwoneka kuti, mwachilengedwe, nsomba izi zimangokhala zokha. Mu aquarium, mchitidwewu umapitilira komanso umakulirakulirakulira, choncho ndibwino kuti tisungire anthu okalamba limodzi.
Ngati aquarium muli angapo mamvekedwe awiri, kenako pakapita nthawi amapanga ubale wolowa m'malo pamene wolimba kwambiriyo amalamulira ena onse.
Habitat
Mwachilengedwe, kufalikira ku Southeast Asia. Amakhala m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ya Mekong ndi Chauphray m'chigawo chamakono cha Laos, Thailand, Cambodia ndi Vietnam, komanso kuzilumba za Kalimantan ndi Java. Imakhala m'misewu ikuluikulu ya mitsinje.
Zambiri:
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Amadyanso algae, zomera ndi mphutsi zomwe zimakhala momwemo, crustaceans ang'ono ndi zina zopanda intertebrates. Chifukwa chake, mu aquarium yakunyumba, ndikofunikira kudyetsa zakudya zokhala ndi mapuloteni komanso mbewu. Kuphatikizika kwabwino kudzakhala magawo a nkhaka, zukini, sipinachi ndi masamba ena obiriwira ndi zipatso.
Kukula kwa aquarium kwa nsomba imodzi kumayenera kuyambira malita mazana angapo. Ndikusowa kwa malo, zimakhala zankhanza kwa oyandikana nawo mu aquarium. Kwa nsomba zazing'ono, ndibwino kuti muzitha kupereka pobisalira mwa mapanga, grottoes. Akuluakulu amakhala odzikuza ndipo amatha kukhala okhutira ndi thanki yopanda kanthu. Kapangidwe kamatengera lingaliro la wamasamba.
Msodzi aliyense wamkulu amatulutsa zinyalala zambiri. Njira yothandizira madzi iyenera kukhala ndi fyuluta yakunja yamphamvu. Kuvomerezedwa ndikusinthidwa kwa sabata kwa gawo lamadzi (50-70% ya voliyumu) ndikuthandizira kwatsopano.
Kodi ndi nsomba zamtundu wanji?
Nsomba za Labe ndi za banja la a Karpov. Latin Latin Epalzeorhynchos. Nsombayo idatchedwa dzina loti ikhale ngati thupi la shaki komanso njira yoyenda m'madzi.
Mu vivo, Labeo amakhala m'madzi opanda mchere a Thailand ndi Singapore. Inapezeka koyamba mu 1936 ku Thailand mumtsinje wa Chauphraya, koma chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kwa mitsinje komanso kufooka kwanyanjayi, zidawoneka kuti zatha. Pakupita nthawi yayitali, anthu anayambiranso. Pakadali pano, kutumizidwa kwa ma labeos ochokera kumayiko a Southeast Asia ndi koletsedwa. Amabisidwa mwamafamu pama famu apadera.
Khalidwe
Nsomba zimakhala pansi ndi pakati m'madzi ndipo zimadziwika ndi ntchito yayitali komanso kuthamanga kwambiri. Ali nsomba zamtundu winawokhala ndi mtundu wofanana ndi mchira wowala, komanso abale, momwe a Labeau amawonera othamanga ndikuyesera kuthamangitsa m'gawo lake.
Kukula kwachinyamata nthawi zambiri kumasungidwa m'mabusa, koma, atakula, mikangano imayamba pakati pa amuna. Mwachilengedwe, nsomba zimasungidwa zokha. Awiri amapangidwa pokhapokha patadutsa nthawi.
Kuswana / kuswana
Mu malo achilengedwe, kubereka kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yamvula ndipo zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusamuka kwa nsomba kukwera. Black Labeo imapezeka kumtunda kwa mitsinje. Fryu zomwe zidawonekera, pomwe madera am'mphepete mwa madzi osefukira, zimapita mkatikati, komwe amapeza chakudya ndi chakudya.
Kuberekera mnyumba yakunyumba kumakhala kovuta, chifukwa chofunikira kubwezeretsanso kusintha kwachilengedwe. Kuchulukitsa pamafamu az nsomba zamalonda kumayambitsidwa ndi mahomoni.
Matenda a nsomba
Nsomba zolimba. Zovuta zamatenda ndizosowa ngati zili m'malo abwino ndipo zimalandiridwa moyenera. Ngati matendawa atakulirakulira, zoopsa komanso zinthu zina zoyipa, chitetezo chamthupi chitha kufooka, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda. Kuti mumve zambiri pazizindikiro ndi njira zamankhwala, onani gawo la Aquarium Fish Diseases.
Kukhala mwachilengedwe
Black Laboe ndi mbadwa ya Southeast Asia, imapezeka m'madzi a Malaysia, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand komanso zilumba za Sumatra ndi Borneo. Amakhala m'madzi komanso madzi, mitsinje, nyanja, madamu, malo osefukira.
Chifukwa cha kukula kwake ndi kulemera kwake, ndi nsomba zofunikira kusodzi kwa anthu okhala.
Mitundu yakuda ya morulis ikubzala nthawi yamvula, nthawi yamvula ikayamba kunyamuka kupita kumtunda kukafika.
Kudyetsa
Omnivore nsomba, ndi chidwi chachikulu. Zakudya zodziwika bwino monga mawombo amwazi, opanga ma tubule ndi brine shrimp amafunika kusinthidwa ndi ma nyansi ndi nyongolotsi, mphutsi zamtundu, zikho za nsomba, nyama ya shrimp, masamba.
Chimadyedwa pazomera zachilengedwe, ndiye kuti ndi ma anubias okha ndi zakudya zam'mera zomwe zimatsalira mu aquarium, yomwe imayenera kupezeka kwambiri.
Ponena za zomwe zili ndi ma labeos akuda, vuto lalikulu ndi kuchuluka kwake, chifukwa malinga ndi magawo osiyanasiyana amatha kukula mpaka 80-90 cm, ngakhale malita 1000 ndi osakwanira.
Monga ma labeo onse, imakonda madzi oyera komanso oyera otseguka, ndipo chifukwa chokonda kudya, filimu yakunja yamphamvu ndiyofunika.
Zosangalatsa ndizichita ndi mbewu zonse. Amakhala m'magulu am'munsi, momwe imateteza kwambiri gawo lake kuchokera ku nsomba zina.
Imakhala yodziwika ndi magawo amadzi, imatha kusamutsa mafelemu ochepa:
Kuuma (Kugwirizana
Zosayenera kwenikweni m'madzi wamba, nsomba zonse zazing'ono zimayesedwa ngati chakudya.
Black Labeau ndi wankhanza, malo, ndipo ndi bwino kumangokhala yekhayekha, popeza samalola abale ake.
Ndikotheka kusunga ndi nsomba zina zazikulu, monga-red-tailed catfish kapena plecostomuse, koma pakhoza kusamvana nawo, chifukwa akukhala m'madzi omwewo.
Nsomba zikuluzikulu, monga mpira wamakedzana, zimakumbukiranso za labeau ndipo zidzaukiridwa.
Kudya
Mwachilengedwe, amadya kwambiri pazakudya zam'mera, koma palinso nyongolotsi, mphutsi, ndi tizilombo tina. Ma labuos a Aquarium amadya chakudya chomwe chili ndi masamba a masamba - phala, granules, mapiritsi. Mwamwayi, tsopano ili siliri vuto, mutha kupereka mapiritsi ambiri a antacistrus kapena kudyetsa okhala ndi mafiyamu okwera kwambiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kupereka magawo a zukini, nkhaka, letesi ndi masamba ena. Ponena za chakudya chazinyama, labu yokhala ndi mitundu iwiri imawadya mosangalatsa, ndi iliyonse. Komabe, maziko a chakudya chake ayenera kukhala chakudya chamasamba. Koma amadya zamtchire mosazengereza, makamaka ngati wachikulire ndipo samadya ndevu zakuda
Kodi amakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Labeo amatanthauza zaka zana. Kutalika kwa moyo wa nsomba yam'madzi ndi zaka 10-12, avareji ndi zaka 5-6. Zimatengera ma nuances ambiri, omwe amaphatikizapo kukula kwa nsomba, kuchuluka kwa anthu am'madzi, kuyenderana ndi mitundu ina, kutentha ndi kusinthasintha kwa madzi.
Chisamaliro chachikulu chiyenera kulipidwa pazakudya, popeza kudya kwambiri komanso chisankho cholakwika cha chakudya nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa moyo.
Vuto Loyamba: Olimbikitsa Kupweteka
Pali njira zambiri zoyeserera, izi ndi ziwiri:
- jakisoni woyamba ndi chorionic gonadotropin (mankhwala a Pregnil angagwiritsidwe ntchito) kwa akazi, 5- 10 IU pa 1 g ya kulemera kwa nsomba, ndipo atatha maola 24 kuyimitsidwa kwa nsomba zam'mimba za cyprinid kuchokera ku acetone kupita ku akazi ndi amuna, 0,2 ndi 0,1 mg wa pituitary gland pa 10 g misa
- koyamba jekeseni wa kuyimitsidwa kwa pituitary gland ya cyprinid nsomba kwa akazi pa 0,03 mg wa thunthu pa 10 g ya kulemera kwa thupi, ndiye pambuyo pa tsiku jekeseni wa pituitary gland kuyimitsidwa kwa mkazi ndi wamwamuna pa 0,3 mg pa 10 g ya kulemera.
Jakisoni amapangidwa m'matumbo a kumbuyo pamwamba pa mzere wotsatira, pakati pa masikelo, syringe ya insulin imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pambuyo pang'onopang'ono, maantibayotiki amawonjezeredwa pamadzi kuti apewe matenda, popeza kuyimitsidwa kwanyumba sikowonongeka.
M'malo mokondoweza ndi mahomoni, mankhwala omwe si a mahomoni, monga Nerestin, amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zina. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira ya jakisoni (koma popanda maantibayotiki, chifukwa mankhwalawa ndi osalimba), kapena popanda jakisoni, kudyetsa nsomba ndi chakudya chokwanira, kawiri maola 24 aliwonse - pankhaniyi, boma lokhalokha limadzachitika pambuyo pake, koma zoopsa zimathetsedwa nsomba.
Vuto Lachiwiri: Kulephera Kwa Amuna
Pa labeo la mitundu iwiri, kubereka kulinso kovuta chifukwa cha chiwerengero chochepa cha amuna mu zinyalala. Kuti apeze amuna okwanira, nsomba zimayenera kuleredwa zochuluka. Kuphatikiza apo, popeza zazikazi ndizambiri komanso zolemera kuposa zazimuna, pomenya nkhondo yomaliza, monga lamulo, zimagonjetsedwa, ndipo si onse omwe akupulumuka.
Kuwala ndi kutentha
Labeo wamitundu iwiri, yemwe chithunzi chake mungachione mu nkhani yathu, sakonda kuyatsa kowala. Kwa iye, chosangalatsa kwambiri ndi kuwala kofowoka, kosakanikirana. Dothi liyenera kukhala lakuda. Labeo amafunsira pamadzi. Zimafunikira kuuma - 5-15 °, pH - 6.5-7.5 pa kutentha kwa 23-27 ° C. Onetsetsani kuti mwasanja, kuseketsa, kusintha kwa madzi, 20% kamodzi pa sabata.
Chakuda
Mtundu wakuda. Masamba akulu kwambiri. Amakula mpaka 60 cm mu ukapolo komanso 90 cm mwachilengedwe. Opatsa chidwi.
Carps amakonda malo ndi malo, kotero sankhani kukula kwa aquarium voliyumu:
- za mitundu iwiri kuchokera ku malita 100,
- kwa akuda ochokera ku 500 l.
Pokhala ndi mawu osakwanira komanso kupezeka kwa oyandikana nawo, nsomba imakhala yosasangalala.
Onetsetsani kuti mwaphimba Aquarium kuti mupewe kufa kwa chiweto.
Madzi a peat ndiabwino kwambiri nsomba. Ikani thumba laling'ono la nayiloni ndi peat watsopano pafupi kapena mu fyuluta. Sinthani zomwe zili 2 kawiri pamwezi.
Zofunikira zamadzi
Ma bicolors amakhala m'mitsinje yoyera, yatsopano. Onetsetsani kuti mwatsatsa kusefera bwino, kuthandizira komanso kusintha kwamadzi mpaka 20% kamodzi pa sabata.
Kunyumba, pangani zofananira zofananira:
- Kutentha kwamadzi madigiri 2226,
- kuuma kopitilira 10,
- acidity 6.8-7.5 pH.
Khalidwe ndi Kugwirizana
Ngakhale Epalzeorhynchos bicolor amagulitsidwa ngati mtundu wamadzi osakanizika, kwenikweni sichoncho. Izi sizitanthauza kuti zimasungidwa mosiyana, koma ndikofunikira kusankha bwino oyandikana nawo. Achinyamata a nsomba zamtunduwu ndi amanyazi kwambiri, nthawi zambiri amabisala m'malo amdima, pomwe akuluakulu ndi amtundu wina ndipo amachitira nkhanza mitundu ina yofanana nawo. Anthu ena amakonda ndewu kuposa ena. Pali umboni wamgwirizano wamtendere ndi mitundu yambiri, mwachitsanzo, Chromobotia macracanthus. Ndizokayikira kuti khalidweli limakhudzana ndi jenda.
Komabe, genach yaed genera Chromobotia, Botia, Syncrossus, ndi Yasuhikotakia nthawi zambiri amakhala mwamtendere ndi bicolor epalceorinchus, pomwe oimira gulu la genos Crossocheilus, Garra, ndi Gyrinocheilus amagwidwa. Iyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti siwosula onse amene angakhale m'madzi amodzi, chifukwa chake, amafufuzidwa mwatsatanetsatane mwatsatanetsatane wa momwe angathe kukhalira limodzi. Anthu ena okhala pansi, kuphatikiza ma cichlids ndi nsomba zambiri za mphaka, amachotsedwa pamndandanda wa oyandikana nawo chifukwa amatha kuwukira.
Kuti mudzaze zigawo zapamwamba za m'madzimo, ma characins ang'onoang'ono ochita kusankhidwa amasankhidwa. Moyenera, ndibwino kuti mubweretse Epalzeorhynchos pomaliza mu thankiyo kuti mupewe kunena kuti ufulu wonse wonga thanki. Mwinanso, zachilengedwe, nsomba izi zimangokhala zokhaokha ndipo zimagwirizanitsidwa pokhapokha nthawi yoyamba kuswana. Mukakhala mu ukapolo, chibadwa ichi chimasungidwa ndikulimbikitsidwa ndikukula, motero ndibwino kusunga nsomba zakale kamodzi. Mu malo akuluakulu kwambiri okhala ndi malo okhala ndi malo osungirako nyama, ma bicolor angapo a Epalzeorhynchos akhoza kusungidwa, komabe, munthu aliyense angafune mita imodzi ya kutalika kwa thanki.
Matenda a Labeau
Ma labeos akuluakulu ndi nsomba zamphamvu zomwe zimapitilira kusintha pang'ono kwa magawo am'madzi ndipo sikuti kumatenga matenda. Mavuto omwe amatchuka kwambiri ndi ichthyophthyroidism, dropsy (aeromonosis, kapena rubella carp) ndi mucous membrane wamkhungu, omwe, komabe, simatenda, koma chizindikiro cha kachilombo ka bacteria kapena exoparasitis. Zimadziwika kuti mtundu wa lore umatha kuzimiririka ndikusokonezeka kosalekeza.
Zamkati
Mukadzaza nyumba yazinyama zam'tsogolo, onani mfundo zotsatirazi:
- konzekerani pobisalira pamisomali pomwe mungabisike,
- pangani nkhokwe zamtchire,
- sinthani malo kukhala mabwalo mothandizidwa ndi mipanda yopangidwa ndi zomera kapena miyala, izi zithandiza kuti carp igwirizane modekha.
Labeo ali pafupi-zopatsa mphamvu. Amakumana kokha ngati madzi.
Malangizo
- Mukamatsuka, musasunthike mokhazikika kukhomalo la nsomba.
- Osasiya carp pamalo otseguka, izi zimabweretsa nkhawa.
- Khalani oyamba kutchera carp mu aquarium. Onjezani nsomba zina ndikagwedeza.
- Sinthani kupezeka kwa chakudya chokwanira kuti musalimbane.
- Ikani nsomba zomwe zidasowa mumtsutsowo mu chidebe china mpaka mutachira kwathunthu.
- Siyani kuswana kukhala akatswiri.
Kutsatira malangizo osavuta awa, mutha kusangalala ndi kukongola kwachilendo kwa ziweto kwa zaka zambiri.
Kugwirizana ndi nsomba zina
Nyimbo ziwiri ndi zomwe zimakhala zolusa kwambiri pamtunduwu. Alendo oyenera kupita ku ukapolo amakhala asodzi a suti yemweyo ndi kukula, ngati ma cichlids.
Kugwirizana ndi nsomba zina za Labeau ndikotheka ngati oyandikana ndi ocheperako, osakwiya, osakhala ankhanza ndipo amakhala nthawi yayitali m'magulu am'madzi pamwambapa. Tetras, gurus, scalars ndi barbs ndizabwino.
Malo okhala ndi anthu awiri kapena kupitilira oyimira ma cyprinid ayenera kutetezedwa kuti nsomba ziwonane nthawi zambiri. Konzekerani masheya. Mdani akabisala, amakhala cyprinic osasangalatsa. Njira yotulukamo ndi yopeza anthu anayi. Chidwi chawo chidzabalalika ndipo mikangano sikhala kawirikawiri.
Ma Albino ndi ofooka kwambiri kuposa abale awo.
Jekeseni wolimbikitsa
Kuchepa kwachilengedwe ndizosowa. Kuti mulimbikitse njirayi pakati pamadzi am'madzi, ndimakonda kuchita jakisoni wa mahomoni.
Ndikosavuta kupanga jakisoni apamwamba kwambiri popanda luso komanso luso linalake. Vutoli litha kufa.
Jakisoni amapangidwa ndi syringe yopyapyala pakati pa mamba kumbuyo.
Malangizo apamwamba:
- Jakisoni woyamba - chorionic gonadotropin (m'malo mwa Wovunda) amaperekedwa kwa akazi okha. Mlingo amawerengedwa ndi kulemera kwa 5-10 mg pa 1 g ya nsomba, patatha tsiku limodzi, jekeseni wachiwiri ndi kuyimitsidwa kwa nsomba zamatumbo zam'madzi zomwe zimapangidwa ndi acetone ya pitu gland ya nsomba - 0,2 mg pa 10 g ya kulemera kwa akazi ndi 0.1 mg pa 10 g ya kulemera kwa amuna.
- Kuvulala kwa pituitary kuyimitsidwa kwa akazi pa 0,03 mg wa thunthu pa 10 g thupi, pambuyo maola 24, jekeseni ya 0,3 mg wa 10 g kulemera kwa mkazi ndi wamwamuna.
Zomwe zimapangidwazo zimagulitsidwa pamafamu azisodzi zokha. Pambuyo pang'onopang'ono, onjezerani mankhwala m'madzi kuti muteteze matenda.
Kuphatikiza pazigawo zomwe tafotokozazi, njira yocheperako yomwe singapereke chitsimikizo cha 100% yakuwonongeka imagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Mankhwala "Nerestin" amaphatikizidwa ndi syringe kapena kuwonjezera chakudya. Sichili m'thupi komanso chosabala, maantibayotiki safunika kuwonjezeredwa pambuyo pakugwiritsa ntchito.
Musanabaye jakisoni kapena kuwaza kwa nsomba zomwe ndi amuna omwe si amuna kapena akazi okhaokha.
Kusowa kwa amuna
Labeo wamitundu iwiri ali ndi amuna ochepa mu zinyalala. Kuti mupeze chiwerengero chofunikira cha anyamata, nsomba zimagawidwa m'milingo yayikulu. Vutoli limakhudzidwa ndi kukula kwachikazi mosachedwa, chifukwa chake, pakugawa gawo, amuna nthawi zambiri amasemphana ndikufa.
Bzalani mwachangu kwambiri pamalo abwino. Nthawi zambiri ana awa ndi amuna.
Kukonzekera kuwaza ndi kuwaza
Kukula ndi kufunitsitsa kutuluka kumachitika pazaka 1.5. Tengani amuna awiri a 2-3 wamkazi.
Asanathere, nsomba zimadyetsedwa pafupipafupi. Sinthani madzi pafupipafupi. Pambuyo jakisoni, ziweto zimayikidwa pansi mozungulirazungulira. Voliyumu kuchokera ku malita 150, pafupifupi 40 cm.
Kuchepetsa kuuma kwamadzi mpaka 1.5-2.5.
Simungathe kuchepetsa kutentha pambuyo pobayira jakisoni wa mahomoni. Izi ndi zakupha nsomba.
Pochulukitsa pitilizani kuthandizira. Pafunika pampu kuti mupereke madzi otuluka pafupifupi 40 m / s.
Bzalani chidebe ndi moss ndi mbewu kuti muchepetse zopsinjika.
Kutalikirana kumatha pafupifupi theka la ola m'magawo atatu. Kupanga mazira 3,000 mpaka 3,000 m'mimba mwake ndi 1.5 mm. Hafu ya ola mutatha kutulutsa, akuluakulu amakanidwa. Pampu imazimitsidwa, mayendedwe ofunikira mazira amathandizidwa ndi aeration.
Kukula kwa Laboe mwachangu
Nsomba iyi ndi pegalophil. Caviar imakhazikika poyimitsa, osati pansi, yomwe imateteza kuti idyedwe ndi makolo. Mwachangu kupsa maola 15, atatha 24 amayamba kuyenda ndikuyang'ana chakudya. Pakadali pano moyo, mungu kuchokera ku tinthu tambiri ta algae ndi ciliates ndi woyenera.
Pang'onopang'ono yambitsani dzira la mazira muzakudya, ndipo patatha masiku 7-10, zooplankton yomalizidwa. Zakudya zoterezi zimagulitsidwa m'masitolo apadera azinyama.
Ndemanga
Pomaliza
Nsomba za Labeo zilibe zokayikitsa:
- mawonekedwe okongola achilendo,
- wakhalidwe labwino
- zochita pafupipafupi
- kusasamala mu chakudya,
Palinso zovuta:
- amawononga mbewu pomazidya
- zovuta kubereka
- akuchita mwamwano wina ndi mnzake ndi mitundu ina.
Ndizovuta kwambiri kuti woyamba ayambe kuthana ndi zomwe ali ndi labe, koma ndi chikhumbo chachikulu palibe chomwe sichingatheke.
Kufotokozera mawonekedwe
Labeo ali ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino okhala ndi mbali yomata yokhotakhota komanso mbali zopindika, ngati shaki. Kuthengo, kutalika kwa munthu payekha kumatha kufika 15 cm, ikasungidwa mu chimpanzi, nsomba sizimakula kuposa 10 cm. Ali ndi zipsepse zazikulu komanso mchira wowala bwino.
Mutu umakhala wocheperako, maso ndi okulirapo. Khomo lotseguka ngati mawonekedwe a chikho cha kuyamwa limakhala lotsika, lozunguliridwa ndi villi ndi awiriawiri a tinyanga. Kapangidwe kam kamwa kamalola kuti nsomba izitenga tizilombo tating'onoting'ono kuchokera pansi pamatope ndikutsina tchire.
Labeo ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Imatha kukhala yobiriwira, yofiirira-yamtundu, yoyera, yakuda, yapinki. Nsomba zazing'ono zojambulidwa ndimtundu wakuda.
Ndikosavuta kusiyanitsa mkazi ndi wamwamuna ali ang'onoang'ono. Izi zimatheka pokhapokha ngati akutha msinkhu. Akazi ndi odekha kuposa amuna. Amasiyana mosiyanasiyana, amatulutsa mimba ndi ovipositor. Amuna ali ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba a dorsal fin, owala bwino ndi mawonekedwe owonda.
Mitundu yayikulu
Pakadali pano, mitundu yoposa 20 ya nsomba iyi imadziwika. M'malo am'madzi mumakhala mitundu iyi:
- Labeo ndi wakuda, kapena wakuda morulius - woimira wamkulu kwambiri wamtunduwu. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, kutalika kwake kumatha kufika masentimita 60. Aquarium wamkulu amafunikira kuti awongolere. Nsombayi imakhala ndi mtundu wakuda wowoneka bwino, womwe umazirala pakapita nthawi. Thupi limakhala locheperako, lokwera, lopendekeka pang'ono kumbali. M'kamwa mwake mumalumikizana ndi mphonje ndi tinyanga tating'ono,
- Labeo Albino - yowetedwa mowoneka, ili ndi utoto wagolide wachikasu wokhala ndi zipsepse zofiira,
- Labeo wobiriwira - mitundu yosiyanasiyana yofiirira yakuda ndi ma ziphuphu a lalanje,
- Labeo-toni ziwiri, kapena "shark-ofiira" - ili ndi thupi lokongola, lalitali lakuda, kumbuyo kwake ndikotali ndi cheyera yoyera, mchira wake ndi wofiira kwambiri kapena njerwa wautoto,
Komanso pazithunzi mutha kuwona labeo chithunzi:
Kusamalira ndi kukonza
Labeo ndi odzichiritsa pochoka. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti amafunikira gawo lawo, lomwe anthu ena sanganene. Osachepera nsomba zitatu zamtunduwu ziyenera kuyikidwa mu aquarium imodzi. Mukasunga anthu awiri, wamphamvu adzasokoneza winayo, mpaka atamwalira.
Madzi abwino kwambiri
Kwa nsomba, madzi oyera amafunikira, okhala ndi izi:
- acidity - pH 6.5-7.5,
- kusakhazikika - 4-20o,
Kamodzi patsiku lililonse la 7-10, madzi ayenera kusinthidwa ndi 20%. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito madzi osasefa kapena matipi, omwe akhala masiku atatu.
Voliyumu ya Aquarium
Nsombazo zimayenera kukhala m'mizinda yayitali yopanda malita 200, ikakhala m'magulu, kuchuluka kwa madzi kumayenera kukhala malita 50 munthu aliyense. Ngati thankiyo ndi yaying'ono, nsomba zimasungidwa zokhazokha.
Zovala zazikulu, matalala otentha, matako akuyenera kuyikidwa mu malo am'madzi ndipo mbewu zibzalidwe. Malo okhala sayenera kukhala ndi m'mbali lakuthwa kuti nsombayo isavulale. Chophimbacho chimayenera kutsekedwa popeza ma labu amatha kutuluka mosavuta.
Kodi kudyetsa ndi chiyani?
Pansi pazachilengedwe, ma labeos amadya periphyton - tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala pazinthu zomwe zimakhala m'madzi. Kunyumba nsomba zimayenera kuperekedwa ndi chakudya chamoyokuphatikiza ndi tubulo, nsabwe zamagazi, crustaceans, Corpetra.
Mavalidwe apamwamba ayenera kuphatikizapo algae, omwe amatha kuyikidwa pama-feed-oyimira.
Nsomba zimadya zakudya zabwino zam'mera, kuphatikiza ndi saladi, masamba a dandelion, sipinachi, nkhaka zabwino ndi zukini.
Kuphatikiza apo, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito dzira yolk, oatmeal, mpunga, phala nsomba.
Kuledzera kwanthawi zonse sikuwonekera nthawi zonse. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa chakuti eni ake sadziwa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe angapereke. Kuzindikira kumwa mopitirira muyeso sikovuta, ndikokwanira kuwona momwe anthu okhala m'madzimo amadziwitsira. Amayamba kunenepa, kukhala otopa komanso osagwira, ulesi kumangodyetsa. Kwa nsomba, ndibwino kungokhala ndi njala kuposa kumizidwa kwambiri.
Kuswana
Kuswana Labe kumayendera limodzi ndi zovuta zina. Kuberekanso kumatha kutha msambo zikafika zaka 1.5-2, pamene kutalika kwa nsomba yayikulu kukufika masentimita 12 mpaka 17. Choyamba, kukokomeza kwamphamvu kumachitika, komwe kumatha kutsata kapangidwe kazinthu zogonana. Mukamakankhira pamimba yaikazi, caviar imamasulidwa kuchokera ku maliseche.
Kutulutsa kwa Labeo ndikosowa kwambiriChifukwa chake, ma jakisoni a mahomoni amathandizidwa kuti aberekane. Kunyumba, izi ndizovuta kwambiri kuchita, chifukwa mankhwala othandizira samapezeka.
M'mafamu a nsomba, zokupatsani zimaphatikizira intramuscularly ndi insulin. Kuti muchite izi, khungu pakati pa mamba omwe ali pamwamba pa mzere wotsatira lazilidwa bwino ndi singano. Pambuyo pa jekeseni, nsomba zimayikidwa mu yankho ndi maantibayotiki kupewa kuti matenda asayambidwe.
Ma jakisoni oyambitsa amathandizidwa motere:
- Chonionic Gonadotropin mwa akazi, 5-10 IU pa gramu imodzi ya nsomba. Pambuyo pa maola 24, njira yodziwika bwino ya nsomba za cyprinid, yopaka madzi m'matumbo, imaperekedwa kwa akazi ndi amuna kwa 0,2 ndi 0,1 mg pa magalamu 10 a misa,
- Jekeseni woyamba - kuyimitsidwa kwanyumba ya cyprinid nsomba kwa mkazi pamlingo wa 0,03 mg wa chinthu pa 10 g ya kulemera kwa thupi. Pambuyo pa tsiku, jekeseni wa kuyimitsidwa kwa chibadwa kwa mkazi ndi wamwamuna ndi 0,3 mg pa 10 g ya misa.
Asanakhazikike, zazimuna ndi zazimuna zimakhala m'mbale zosungiramo zosiyanasiyana ndipo zimasungidwa masiku 10-14, kuwapatsa madzi osinthika pafupipafupi ndikuwadyetsa bwino. Pambuyo jekeseni, amayikidwa mu spawning aquariums ozungulira mawonekedwe ndi voliyumu yosachepera malita 150. Potere, bambo wamwamuna mmodzi akuyenera kuwerengera amuna atatu amphongo.
Kutentha kwamadzi kuyenera kukhala osachepera 27 digiri. Aeration yabwino ndi pampu ziyenera kuperekedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale madzi ambiri. Popeza ma labeos ndi a polyphophiles, caviar yomwe wamkazi ameza imakwera kuchokera pansi pa thankiyo kenako nkumayimitsidwa.
Kutulutsa kumachitika m'malo atatu mphindi 30. Zitatha izi, nsomba zimasanjidwa. Pakuchepa, sungani madzi oyenda pafupifupi theka la ola. Munthawi imeneyi, caviar imakulanso kawiri ndikusanduka yoyera. Kenako amatsuka.
Mphutsi zimawonekera pambuyo pa maola 135. Amatha kukhala pansi kapena kuwuluka m'madzi. Pambuyo pa maola 24, amayamba kukwera pamwamba, patatha masiku atatu - kudya.
Pogwiritsa ntchito "fumbi lamoyo", lomwe limakonzedwa kuchokera kuzikikiro kudzera mumiyala yabwino yotsekemera, yokhazikika. Pamene mwachangu amayamba kusambira mozungulira mu chakudya, mutha kuyambitsa dzira yolk, ndipo patatha masiku 10 onjezani chubu chosakanizidwa, daphnia, nauplia.
Kuyanjana ndi anthu ena
Nsombazo zimagwirizana bwino ndi zotchinga moto, scalaria, zebrafish, botsiya, iris, molliesia, pecilia, parsing, mitundu yamangamanga, zimagwiranso ntchito ndi nkhono.
Sikulimbikitsidwa kusunga nsomba mu dziwe limodzi lomwe mawonekedwe ake amasiyana ndi labeo. Awa ndi ma cichlids aku South America, nsomba za golide, zakuthambo, cockerels, ndi othandizira amphaka.
Kuti mupewe izi, magawo osiyana ayenera kupangidwira mu aquarium pogwiritsa ntchito algae ndi zowonjezera.