Shaki wakuwala waku Brazil, kapena m'Chilatini, ndi mtundu wa asodzi owongoka omwe ali amtundu wa asodzi owala. Awa ndi nsomba zazing'onoting'ono zazing'onoting'ono zomwe zimadziwika chifukwa chowala kwambiri komanso momwe zimaluma kuluma nyama kuchokera ku nsomba zomwe ndi zokulirapo, monga cetaceans.

Shaki izi zimapezeka m'madzi otentha a padziko lonse lapansi, makamaka pafupi ndi zilumba pakuya kwa ma kilomita atatu ndi theka. Nyamazi zimatha kusunthasuntha tsiku lililonse pamtunda wamakilomita atatu, kutuluka kutacha ndikuzama kutuluka kwamadzulo pafupi pomwepo.

Kutalika kwakukulu kwa shaki yowala kwambiri ku Brazil kumayambira masentimita 42 mpaka 56. Thupi limakhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, maso ndi akulu, mpweya wake umakhala wopanda phokoso komanso wamfupi.

Zipsepse ziwiri za dorsal ndizochepa kwambiri. Mtundu wa thupi ndi wonyezimira, ndipo m'mimba muli yokutidwa ndi zithunzi zopepuka. Khosi ndi zokutira zimazunguliridwa ndi "kolala" yakuda.

Nthawi zina amapezeka m'matumba. Popeza nyama izi zimakhala munyanja, sizibwera. Nthawi yonseyi, zolembedwa zochepa chabe za asodzi awa zidalembedwa, chifukwa chake mtunduwu umadziwika kuti ndi wabwino kwa anthu.

Msonkho wa Shark Yoyatsa Kwaku Brazil

Kwa nthawi yoyamba, mtunduwu ukadafotokozedwa ndi akatswiri achi chilengedwe ku France koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la chisanu ndi chinayi. Ataphunzira mzimayi yemwe wagombe la Brazil, adamupatsa "Scymnus brasiliensis". Pakapita kanthawi, American ichthyologist Theodore Gill akanakhala ndi mtundu wina wamtunduwu - "Isistius".

Shark wakuwala waku Brazil (Isistius brasiliensis).

Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa asodzi akuwala aku Brazil

Chimodzi mwazina zakale kwambiri zomwe zimatsutsa zomwe shaki zazikulu zakuBrazil zimatha kupereka zimapezeka mu nthano za anthu pachilumba cha Samoa. Malinga ndi nthano iyi, nsomba zamizeremizoni zomwe zimasambira pagombe la Palauli, zinalonjeza kuti zisiyira nyama yawo chifukwa choti mtsogoleri wa anthu am'deralo azigwira.

Pakapita kanthawi, nthano zina zidawoneka zikufotokozera pomwe mabala ozungulira osadziwika adawonekera pamatupi a chinsomba ndi nsomba. Adanenanso kuti izi ndi zomwe zidachitika chifukwa cha mabakiteriya, kuwukira kwa nyali, kuwonongeka kwa majeremusi, etc. Ndipo mchaka cha 1971 ndi pomwe padziwika yemwe anali wowona wa mabala awa.

Sapphire wanyanja

Chimodzi mwazinthu zokongola kwambiri padziko lapansi. Chipolopolo chake chimakhala ndi zigawo zoonda kwambiri za makhiristo osawoneka ndi maliseche. Kuwala komwe kumadutsa pakati pawo kumapangitsa kuti chowala cha crustacean chikhale champhamvu ndi mitundu yonse ya utawaleza. Mothandizidwa ndi chowongolera, abambo amakopa chidwi cha akazi.

Ma crustaceans nthawi zambiri amakwera pamtunda, ndipo zimawoneka ngati mafunde akuluzika ndi fumbi la safiro. Izi zitha kuwoneka pagombe la Africa, Japan ndi America.

Kufalikira Ku Brazil Luminous Shark

Shaki zodziwika bwino zaku Brazil ndizambiri kwambiri m'nyanja zotentha komanso zam'madzi otentha a Indian, Atlantic ndi Pacific. Mtundu wa asodzi awa uli pakati pa 35 degrees N ndi 40 madigiri S Ndi m'dera lino komwe kutentha kwa madzi pamtunda kumafika madigiri 18-26. Ku Nyanja ya Atlantic, asodzi akuwala aku Brazil amapezeka pagombe lakumwera kwa Brazil ndi Bahamas.

Zimachitika, nthawi zambiri usiku. Nthawi zina pafupi ndi pamwamba, koma nthawi zambiri pamtunda wa 85 mpaka 3500 m.

Milomo ya shark yowala kwambiri yaku Brazil ndiakuda komanso yoyenera kuyamwa.

Maonekedwe a shaki wonyezimira waku Brazil

Nyama zoterezi zimakhala ndi thupi lachiwombankhondo lalitali lopangidwa ndi buluzi komanso kupindika pang'ono komanso maso akulu. Kuseri kwa maso kuli mitsitsi ikuluikulu. Kutsogolo kwa mphuno kumakulungidwa ndi mafupipafupi azikopa. Pakamwa pake pamakhala mzere wopendekera ndipo ndi yaying'ono kukula. Zipsepse ziwiri za dorsal ndizochepa kukula, zimasunthidwa mwamphamvu ndipo zilibe spines. Pansi pamiyeso yoyamba ya dorsal ili kutsogolo kwa maziko a zipsepse zamkati.

Zipsepse zamtchire ndizifupi komanso zimawoneka ngati trapezoid. Pulogalamu yayikulu komanso yolimba yofanizira imakhala ndi lobe yotsika pang'ono poyerekeza ndi kumtunda. Pafupi m'mphepete mwa lobe yapamwamba pali notch yowoneka. Mphesa zamkati zimachepa m'mimba. Anal fin. Thupi la shaki limakutidwa ndi miyeso yosalala, yapafupifupi pafupifupi mraba. Chapakati, amatha pang'ono, ndipo m'mphepete amakwezedwa.

Mtundu wa shark wonyezimira waku Brazil ndimtundu wakuda ndi utoto wolimba. Kuzungulira kwa gill ndikugonera pali "kolala" la mtundu wakuda kwambiri. M'mphepete mwa zipsezi mumakhala kusintha kwodera. Mbali zonse zam'mimba, kupatula kolala ndi zipsepse, zakutidwa ndi zithunzi, kuwala komwe kumawonetsedwa kuti ndi kuwala kowoneka bwino wobiriwira. Kukula kwakukulu kwa akazi ndi 42 cm, amuna - 56 cm.

Minofu ya akambuku owala kwambiri aku Brazil sikukula bwino, ndipo zipsepse zamtchire ndizochepa, chifukwa chake amasaka kuchokera kuzabisalira, atapachikidwa m'madzi.

Nsagwada za asodzi awa ndi zamphamvu kwambiri. Mano a m'munsi ndi apamwamba amasiyana kwambiri: am'munsi amakhala atatu, lalikulu komanso lalikulu, ndipo apamwamba ndi ochepa komanso ochepa. Ndipo kwa ena ndi kwa ena kulibe mano kapena malingaliro. Pa nsagwada yapansi pa 25-31 dentition, kumtunda - 31-37. Kuchulukitsa kwa shark wakuwala waku Brazil ndikufanana kwambiri ndi mkhalidwe wa asodzi ena owoneka ngati katra.

Nyanja yayikulu "Nyali Yabwino"

Dzina lachilendo linapatsidwa kwa iye chifukwa. Thupi la squid limakhala ndi zithunzi zazikuluzikulu zosiyanasiyana ndikuwotchedwa ndi kuwala kowoneka bwino. Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi maso a mollusk.

Ulendo Heerdahl - wapaulendo wodziwika ndi kuyenda panyanja - adawafotokozera mu imodzi mwa mabuku ake:

"Usiku, nthawi zambiri tinkachita mantha ndi maso awiri akulu owoneka bwino omwe amatuluka mozama ndikuyang'ana kwa ife, kutanthauza kuti anali am'madzi akuya panyanja. Atakopeka ndi kuwala kwa nyali, adasunthira kumbali ya chifu ndikuyang'ana pa babu owaluka ndi ana awo obiriwira, phosphorous. "

"Nyali Yodabwitsa" amakhala ku Pacific Ocean. Squid imatha kutalika mpaka 3 metres.

Shrimp Sistellaspis

Mtundu wamba wa chingwe chamoto. Zovala zophimba zimaphimba matupi awo ndi kulowa mkati, ndipo pali tiziwalo timene timatulutsa timadzi tambiri tomwe timachotsa zilombo. Kuwala kowala sikukuteteza kokha, komanso kumatenga gawo lalikulu mu nthawi yobzala: kusinthasintha kumathandiza shrimp kupeza awiri.

Sistellaspis shrimp zimakhala munyanja zotentha ndipo zimapezeka pafupifupi kumayiko onse akumwera. Kuyenda pagombe usiku, mutha kuwona mchenga woyaka bwino m'madzi, ngati nyenyezi zidagwa pamasamba amadzi. Zinafika pagulu la gulu la mbewa zowala bwino.

Pepani kuti Nyanja yakuda ndizosatheka kuwona zokongola ngati Sistellaspis shrimps ndi Sea sapphire crustaceans.

Nyanja nthawi zambiri imayerekezeredwa ndi malo. Ndiwachikulu kwambiri, mwina osadziwika, ndipo kuwala kwa nyenyezi kumabowola khungu lakuda. Mwina tsiku lina, m'modzi mwa iwo adzatsogolera umunthu ku chinsinsi chakuya chomwe tikufunika kusintha.

Mwinanso mukudziwa anthu ena owoneka bwino panyanja? Lembani ndemanga. Zingakhale zosangalatsa kuwerenga.

NGATI NKHANIYI NDINAKONDA, NDIDZAKONDA ZITHUNZI ZAKO 👍 NDIPONSO ZOKHUDZA MALO OTSATULIRA.

Zochititsa chidwi ndi shark yowala kwambiri

Mbawala zazitali zazitali zokhala ndi mbewa zazitali zimakhala ndi thupi lalitali komanso lopyapyala, ndipo zimatha ndi mutu wongopyapyala wokhala ndi kufufuma kwakanthawi.

Maso akulu, owoneka ngati owoneka bwino opatsa chiwonetserochi amapereka kwa owonetsa mawonedwe abwino kwambiri a "kuloza kunjako", mipata iwiri yayikulu yotseguka ili pamwamba pamutu.

Kutseguka kwa mphuno yake sikuwoneka, koma pakamwa pake ndi malo oyenera - milomo yayikulu ikhoza kulumikizana ndi shaki yowoneka bwino ndi thupi la wozunzidwayo.

Nyamayi imakhala ndi nsagwada zamphamvu - mano atatu ang'onoang'ono 29, kumapeto kwa mano 19 lakuthwa kwambiri, komwe kukula kwake kupitilira mano kumtunda kasanu.

Pakati pa shaki zina zonse, shaki yayikulu kwambiri yokhala ndi mano akulu kwambiri mukayerekeza kukula kwake.

Zipsepse zimapezeka mchira wa thupi lopangidwa ndi ndudu, ndizochepa komanso zozungulira. Zipsepse zamakutu zimakhalanso ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, ndizokwanira kwambiri - kumbuyo kwa magawo asanu a gill slits.

Thupi lakuda lofiirira pamimba limakhala ndi zithunzi, ndipo alibe kolala la bulauni lomwe ndi la m'bale wake wapafupi wa shaki wamkulu waku Brazil.

Chiwindi chachikulu, chamafuta chimapatsa ectoparasitic shark neutral buoyancy, i.e. shaki wonyezimira wowoneka bwino nthawi zonse imakhala yoyenda, motero safuna ziphuphu zazikulu.

Shaki masana a genus Isistius amakhala pamadzi akuya kwambiri - pafupifupi 1500-3000 metres, kubisala mumtunda wakuda bii kwa adani. Ndi kuyamba kwa usiku, asodzi a ndudu amapita kukasaka, mwachangu akuyandama mpaka mamita 500.

Ataona nsomba zikuluzikulu ndi maso ake akuthwa, olusa 'amayimilira' ndikuyigwira mwachangu, ndikumangirira mchira, mutu kapena m'mimba. Kuyambira pano, shaki silingathe kupulumutsa madzi am'madzi ku ma gill ake ndikuwonekera kwa nape akuphatikizidwa.

Onani vidiyoyi - Kusaka Big Tooth Cigar Shark:

Big Tooth Cigar Shark - The Invisible Killer

Maso amaloboola mnofu ndikudula, kuyenda mozungulira koma osangolekerera wovulalayo - shaki yayikulu kwambiri yokhala ndi mano yayikulu kwambiri imakukuta nyama yotsika, ndipo kukula kwake imachulukanso kawiri konse kukamwa kwa chilombo!

Atadula chidutswa cha mnofu, chinsomba cha ndudu chimameza ndipo, chosasunthika kuchokera ku "patebulo" lake, chimangobwerera m'malo ozama otetezeka. Bowo la kukula koyenera limakhalabe pamthupi la ozunzidwa - 5 cm mulifupi ndi 7 cm kuya.

Makamaka omwe akhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kuukira kwa ectoparasites a banja lachi Isistius ndi cetaceans ndi pinnipeds, shaki (makamaka akudyetsa plankton), mikondo yakuzama panyanja ndi nsomba zazikulu za bony (mwachitsanzo, tuna ndi nsomba zam'nyanja).

Komanso, shaki zowala kwambiri zimawombera ndikudya squid yonse, bola kutalika kwakeku sikudutsa 30 cm.

Zilonda zowirikiza ndi kuzungulira kuzilonda zopwetekedwa nthawi zosiyanasiyana ndi ectoparasite shaki "zimakongoletsa" matupi a nyama zam'madzi zambiri zapamadzi.

Monga lamulo, womenyedwayo amakhalabe ndi moyo, pokhapokha akagwidwa kamodzi ndi anthu ambiri omwe amadyera kapena kukula kwa thupi lake sikokwanira kusuntha ndikuchiritsa bala lalikulu chotere.

Biology of the Brazil Yoyatsa Nyambo

Chiwindi (mukachifanizira ndi chiwindi chamtundu wapafupi) chili ndi kukula kwakukulu, kulemera kwake kungakhale gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kulemera kwake kwa shaki, ndipo imakhala ndi milids yambiri yotsika kwambiri.

Ngati tingayerekeze mafupa a shark woyatsa ku Brazil ndi mafupa amtundu wa shaki wocheperako komanso amtundu wocheperako, zimakhala zowonjezereka, pomwe voliyumu yam'mimba imakhala yayikulupo komanso chiwindi chili chokulirapo. Ziwalo zina zimakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo, omwe amakhala ndi vuto logontha. Kutsika kwakukulu kwa mchira kumapangitsa kuti zitheke kupanga ma jerks othamanga omwe amalola kugwiranso mwachangu zigawo zazifupi.

M'mbuyo mwa nsomba izi, mosiyana ndi amphaka amtundu wina, ma cell a ganglion amakhala m'maderamo, omwe amawapatsa mwayi poyang'ana zinthu zakutsogolo. Pakusaka, asodzi agwetsa pansi pagululo. Chifukwa cha izi, zimawonjezera kugwira ntchito kwa "nyambo yowunikira" ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimawopseza owopsa olusa.

Mu moyo wonse wa shark wakuwala kwambiri, mano ake amasinthidwa kangapo.

Munthawi imeneyi yomwe shaki imakula kuyambira 14 mpaka 50 cm, mano ake amasintha nthawi 15. Amakhalanso ndi chizolowezi chachilendo chosaponya mano awo ovala, koma kuwameza omwe atakula kuti alowe m'malo. Ndizotheka kuti chifukwa cha izi ndikufunika kwa calcium.

Shark waku Brazil

Pafupifupi, shaki zowala ku Brazil ndizosankha ma ectoparasites, koma zimagwira nyama yaying'ono. Mwachitsanzo, squid, gonostomous nsomba, crustaceans ndi zolengedwa zina zimayamba kuzunzika. Asodzi akuwala ku Brazil amadzaza nsomba zazikulu, nsomba za bony, cetaceans ndi zikhadabo.

Chipangizika cha pharynx ndi mano ndichabwino kwambiri kotero kuti chimapangitsa kuluma zazing'onoting'ono kwambiri kuchokera mthupi la omwe akuchitidwayo. Shaki zowala kwambiri zaku Brazil zimalumikizidwa ndi womenyedwayo, kenako, kumazungulira mbali yake, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mano otsika kwambiri kudula chidutswa cha nyama pafupifupi masentimita asanu ndi awiri ndi mainchesi awiri mwakuya. Zomwe zimachitika pakugwedwa kwa asodzi zimapezeka pamatupi a nsomba zazikulu komanso zazinyama zina zam'madzi. Nthawi zina amalonda awo amapezeka pamatangadza ndi zingwe zolumikizana zam'madzi. Poganizira khalidweli, amalimbikira kuti azikopa zilombo zolusa.

Osauka kwambiri ndi nyama zofowoka komanso zodwala. M'mphepete mwa West Atlantic, ma dolphin ofanana anaponyedwa kumtunda, omwe anali atachepa kwambiri, ndipo matupi a omwe munthu amatha kuwerengetsa kuyambira kulumala kambiri mpaka mazana angapo a shaki yowala kwambiri yaku Brazil.

Ziwawa zimakonda kugwidwa kwambiri mpaka pafupi ndi zilumba za ku Hawaii, zomwe zikuwopseza zimapezeka pafupifupi pafupifupi dolphin wamkulu.

Komanso, gawo la izi kulumidwa anali atachiritsidwa kale, ndipo gawo - zatsopano. Nthawi yomweyo, pamatupi a ma dolphin amphamvu kwambiri, iwo, nthawi zambiri, sapezeka konse ayi, chifukwa amapezeka ochepa mphamvu komanso osowa kwambiri.

Kubala Shaka WakuBrazil wakuBrazil

Zochepa kwambiri zomwe zimadziwika zokhudzana ndi mbali iyi ya moyo wa asodzi aku Brazil. Amaganiziridwa kuti ndi ovoviviparous. Pamene mluza umakula umangodya yolk. Wamkazi amakhala ndi ziwalo ziwiri zogwira ntchito. Dilakiti iliyonse nthawi zambiri imakhala ya ana 6 mpaka 12. Nthawi ina, mzimayi adagwidwa, yemwe adabereka mazira asanu ndi anayi, kutalika kwake kuchokera pa masentimita 12,4 mpaka 13.7. Ndipo, ngakhale kuti kukula kwa mazirawo kunali pafupi ndi kukula kwa ana akhanda (14-15 cm), adalinso ndi yolks matumba. Izi zikuwonetsa kuti kukhala ndi pakati pamtunduwu wa shaki kumatenga nthawi yayitali kwambiri, ndipo chitukuko chimachedwa kwambiri.

Ma Embryos amakhala ndi utoto wofanana ndi akulu, koma palibe kolala yakuda, komanso kuchiritsa kosiyanitsa. Shaki yachikazi yowala kwambiri ku Brazil imakhwima pamtunda wa 39 masentimita, ndipo amuna a 36 cm.

Asodzi a ku Brazil akuwala kwambiri ndi ma ectoparasites osankha.

Kuyanjana kwa shark wakuwala kwambiri ku Brazil ndi anthu

Shaki zowala kwambiri zaku Brazil zimasungidwa, ngati lamulo, mwakuya kwambiri komanso munyanja. Poona izi, misonkhano ndi anthu siabwino. Komabe, ngakhale izi zidachitika, anthu angapo adalembedwapo. Mwinanso, asodzi aku Brazil ndi omwe adayambitsa ziwonetserozi, pomwe kwa shaki zina, kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe sanatulutsidwe kuli kochepa kwambiri.

Nthawi ina, gulu laukali la asodzi awa lalitali masentimita 30 linaukira wojambula wamadzi pansi pamadzi pamene linalowa munyanja. Malipoti ofananawo adachokera kwa omwe adapulumuka m'chombocho, ndipo adagwidwa ndi nyama usiku zomwe zidasiya mabala owoneka bwino.

Mu 2009, munthu wokhala pachilumba cha Maui adalumidwa ndi shaki wowala kwambiri ku Brazil pomwe adadutsa pamtunda pakati pa zilumba za Maui ndi Hawaii. Pali, ngakhale pang'ono, malipoti awiri a mitembo yomwe idatuluka m'madzi, omwe atamwalira adaluma momveka bwino ndi shaki zamtunduwu.

Mchaka cha 2012, njira yolowera kumalo osungirako nyama pomwe munthu wakuyenda ku Siberian Anatoly Kulik adadutsa Pacific Ocean adagwidwa ndi gulu la asodzi awa, chifukwa cha chidani chomwe chidalumidwa. Zomwezi zinachitikiranso munthu wina yemwe anali paulendo mu 2010 atadutsa Atlantic. Mu zaka makumi asanu ndi awiri zapitazi, asitima apamadzi angapo aku America adabweranso m'malo chifukwa cha kulumidwa ndi achinsalu aku Brazil owoneka bwino omwe amalumikizana ndi matope a neoprene. Zotsatira zake zinali kutulutsa kwamafuta kogwiritsa ntchito mawu, komwe kunali kovuta kwambiri kuyenda. Pomwe, pamapeto pake, chifukwa chake chidafotokozedwa, zoyikidwazo za fiberglass zidayikidwa pompopompo.

Shaki zowala kwambiri zaku Brazil zimasungidwa, ngati lamulo, mwakuya kwambiri komanso munyanja. Poona izi, misonkhano ndi anthu ndizosowa kwambiri.

Zaka khumi pambuyo pake, pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu apamadzi aku America adawonongeka mwanjira ina ya shaki. Amadutsa zingwe zamagetsi zomwe zimatetezedwa ndi zokutira ndi mphira, ndipo ntchito yake ndikuonetsetsa kuti pobwera. Vutoli linathetsedwanso mothandizidwa ndi mawonekedwe a fiberglass. Kuphatikiza apo, shaki zowala kwambiri zaku Brazil zimawononga zingwe zamtokoma ndi zida zam'madzi za pansi pamadzi.

Zowonongeka zomwe asodzi akuwala aku Brazil amachititsa kuti asamalidwe, komanso kufunikira kwachuma kwamtunduwu, sizikhala ndi phindu lalikulu pakusodza kwa malonda. Monga mtundu wamalonda, nsomba izi sizosangalatsa (makamaka chifukwa chakuchepa kwawo), komabe, nthawi zina zimathera mu maukonde a plankton, tigic tiers ndi trawls pansi monga kugwidwa. Ku East Atlantic, shaki zokongola zaku Brazil zimadyedwa.

Palibe chidziwitso pazambiri zamtunduwu; International Union for Conservation of Natural inasankha izi kuti zilembedwe za "Chowoneka Chachisoni", chifukwa cha kufalitsa mitunduyi, kusowa kwa malonda komanso kutchuka kochepa kwambiri monga chinthu chosodza.

Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.