Ma coils ndi anthu wamba amodzi a matupi athu amadzi opanda madzi ngati maiwe, koma m'njira zambiri amasiyana ndi iwo momwe amakhalira.
Chigoba cha coil, chomwe chimawoneka mosiyana kwambiri, ndichopepuka kuposa cha padziwe: padziwe, mutayanika, kulemera kwa chipolopolo kuli 80% ya kulemera kwa thupi, ndipo ziwalo zofewa ndi 20%, pomwe coil chipolopolo chili 91% ndipo mbali zofewa, 9% yokha. Chigoba cha coil chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe a disc, ma curls ake amapindika onse mu ndege imodzi ndipo osakwezedwa pamwamba pakamwa. Nthawi zambiri amazisunga m'madzi momwe ndimakhala nsomba. Choyenga sichimatulutsira pansi padziwe, motero sichingathe kuwira pamwamba pa madzi. Kupuma kwa pakhungu, mwachiwonekere, kumakhalanso ndi gawo locheperako pamtundu wamtunduwu poyerekeza ndi nyama zamadziwe.
Ma coil ndi am'mapapu am'mimba ndipo amakhala ndi mapapu akulu kwambiri. Makoma a chipolopolo chopindika (Anisus vortex) ali pafupi kuwonekera, ndipo kudzera mwa iwo mutha kuwona mtima wowala komanso womenya wokhala pafupi ndi iwo. Chigoba cha coil chopotedwa chimakhala ndi ma curls a 7-8. Ngati, titayesa kutalika kwa kusinthaku, m'maganizo kukulitsa coil, kutalika kwake kudzakhala mamilimita 75, ndipo kutalika kwa m'mapapo mamilimita 42, i.e. yoposa theka kutalika kwa nkhono yonse. Wokhala ndi udzu wokhala ndi malo osungirako osaya pang'ono - munkati, m'madziwe - makola ang'ono amapuma mpweya wamlengalenga, akukwera pamwamba pamadzi ndikutsegulira bowo m'mapapo. Koma mu nyanjazo nthawi zina amapezeka akuya mamita 2-5. Kuchokera pamenepa, matayala sangathe kupumira pamwamba pa madzi. Mapapu a nkhono izi amatha kudzazidwa ndi madzi, ndipo mpweya umasiyanitsidwa mwachindunji ndi madzi kupita m'mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imagundika mapapo.
Kuphatikiza pa mapapo, coil imakhalanso ndi chiwalo china chomwe kupuma kumachitika: khola limapangidwa m'mphepete mwa chovala chowumbiracho, chomwe chimakulungidwa mwamphamvu ndi ziwiya ndikugwirira ntchito ngati yachiwiri. Magazi amawala ofiira chifukwa cha hemoglobin.
M'nyengo yozizira, pansi pa madzi oundana, coil siyimakwawa ngati dziwe, koma imabisala, itakwiriridwa ndi silika, yomwe imakokedwa mu kumira. Uku ndi kubisalira kwenikweni komwe njira zonse za moyo zimachitika pang'onopang'ono. Mtima wa "kugona" umagunda katatu pamphindi, ndipo nthawi zonse - 25-30.
Kupezeka kwa gill yachiwiri mu coil, hemoglobin, yomwe imakulitsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya ndi magazi, kuthekera kupuma mothandizidwa ndi mapapu odzazidwa ndi madzi kumathandizira kuti asadalire pang'ono pamadzi pang'onopang'ono kuposa dziwe. Pa kutentha kwa madzi madigiri 15-16, dziwe limapita pamwamba pomwe kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'mapapu ake kutsikira mpaka 13%, ndipo kola palibe kale kuposa kuchuluka kwake komwe kumatsikira mpaka 4%. Chifukwa chake, ma coil amakhala ocheperako kuti akwere pansi pamadziwe.
M'madzi ozizira, mutha kuwona momwe nyanga ili pansi pamunsi ndi mpweya waukulu wam'mapapo pakamwa pa conch, yotsetsedwera pakumapuma. Mpweya wa buluni, wotenga mpweya kuchokera kumadzi oyandikana, umapumikiranso ndipo umakokedwa ndi khola la m'mapapo.
Kuberekera kwa Coil
Ma waya, monga ma gollropod mollusks ambiri, ndi zolengedwa ziwiri, koma kukhwima kwawo ndikofanana. Chifukwa chake, ma waya akutali amiyala samaikira. Magulu amaikira mazira pakoko amawoneka ngati kapamba kapena keke lathyathyathya, lopangidwa ndi chingwe chopotedwa mozungulira, ndipo lili ndi mazira a pinki a 45-70 omizidwa mu msana wandiweyani wa galatinous. Nyama zimamamatira kunsi kwa masamba azomera zam'madzi kapena zinthu zina zolimba. Pakatha milungu iwiri, nkhono zazing'ono zimatuluka m'mazira.
Ma coils ndiofala ku Russia.
Nsomba Zamchere Zamchere
Mwa nsomba zonse zomwe zimadziwika ndi sayansi, pafupifupi 41% ya mitunduyi imakhala m'madzi abwino. Mwa iwo pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana (yosamukasamuka) yomwe imakhala m'madzi, koma imasamba m'madzi oyera, mwachitsanzo, nsomba za herimoni ndi hering'i. Nsomba zamatumbo ndi nkhani ina, m'malo mwake, zimapezeka m'madzi amchere, kenako zimabwereranso kumitsinje yakwawo. Chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi ndi ichi eel river - nsomba yooneka ngati ray ndi thupi la njoka.
Koma pali mitundu ina yomwe imangokhala madzi abwino, pomwe magawo a mchere wambiri amapezeka, mwachitsanzo, nsomba zaku Nyanja ya Baikal - mtundu wa Baikal Emm ndi burbot - mtundu wokhawo wamadzi abwino ngati khodi. Ndi nsomba zina ziti zomwe zimakhala m'madzi atsopano?
Ichi ndi nsomba yolusa yomwe imadziwika ndi aliyense, heroine ya nthano ndi nthano. Msana wa pike wotchuka wa Heilbronn umasungidwa mu tchalitchi cha mzinda wa Mannheim ku Germany. Amati Mfumu ya Germany Frederick II adagwira nthomba iyi kumapeto kwa chaka cha 1230, akuchita mkombero ndikusiya. Nsomba zidangogwidwa mchaka cha 1497, pomwe zidakula mpaka 5.7 m!
Chithunzi cha pike pansi pamadzi.
Mtengo wamadzi amadzi
Ndi matupi amadzi amtundu wanji omwe ali mdera lanu? Mwina pali matupi amadzi amadzi: mtsinje, nyanja, mtsinje (mkuyu. 1-3).
Mkuyu. 2. Nyanja ya Arakul (Source)
Kapenanso: dziwe, chosungira, ngalande (mkuyu. 4-6).
Mkuyu. 5. Chosungira (Source)
Chilichonse posungira, zachilengedwe, zopanga, zomwe zimakongoletsa dziko lathu, zimatisangalatsa ndi kukongola kwake. M'madzi atsopano timatenga madzi, popanda omwe sitingathe kuchita m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku kapena pakupanga. M'madziwe omwe timasambira, timawalanga pafupi nawo, kuyenda pamadzi pama sitima, kunyamula katundu. Kufunika kwa matupi amadzi m'chilengedwe ndi kwakukulu. Madzi abwino ndi omwe amafunikira kwambiri kukhalapo kwa anthu Padziko Lapansi, komanso kwa nyama zomwe zimakhala m'madzi, ndiye nyumba yokhayo. M'madzi pali chilichonse chofunikira pa moyo: kuwala, kutentha, mpweya ndi mchere wosungunuka.
Zomera zamadzi
Kodi ndi mbewu ziti zomwe zimamera ndipo ndi nyama ziti zomwe zimakhala m'madzi abwino? Kamodzi pa dziwe nthawi yachisanu, mutha kuwona anthu okha omwe amakhala pamtunda. Koma moyo uli paliponse padziwe: gombe, ndi pamwamba, ndi mzere wamadzi, pansi ndi pansi. M'mphepete mwa maiwe mutha kuwona masamba ndi zitsamba za mabango, mabango, mphaka, mivi. Kuzama kosaloledwa kumathandiza kuti mbewuzi zigwirizane pansi pa dziwe. Pakulu mwakuya, kakombo wa madzi oyera amakula, kapu ya mazira ochepa (mkuyu. 7, 8). Pamadzi osalala maluwa awo ndi masamba otambalala amayandama.
Mkuyu. 7. kakombo wamadzi oyera (Source)
Mkuyu. 8. Chikasu cha nkhumba (Source)
Kodi mbewuzi zidasinthana bwanji ndi moyo m'nthaka yonyowa kwambiri, momwe mulibe mpweya? Ngati tilingalira gawo la mizere ya mabango, mabango, malo ogulitsira, ndiye kuti mutha kuwona njira zomwe zimadutsa pamizere ya mbewu izi (mkuyu. 9, 10).
Pali njira zotulutsira masamba ndi mizu yazomera zam'madzi. Mafuta oyera oyera ndi chikhatuni cha dzira ndi phula, pomwe maluwawo amakhala, zimalowetsedwanso ndi mlengalenga, momwe mpweya wofunikira kupumira umalowa. Kugwetsa maluwa, munthu amavulaza mbewu yonse. Madzi amayamba kulowa m'malo otumphukira mu chomera, izi zimapangitsa kuti gawo la pansi pamadzi liwonongeke, kenako, kufa kwa mbewu yonseyo.
Udzu wokhala ndi dongo momwe amapangira timiyala tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayandama pamwamba posungiramo, koma osalumikizana pansi ndi mizu, ndipo mwala wocheperako wobiriwira womwe uli m'malire a madzi, umatha kuwunikira pokhapokha ngati ma microscope. Koma kupezeka kwawo kumapereka mtundu wamadzi. Pakakhala zambiri mu dziwe, mtundu wa madziwo umasanduka wobiriwira.
Zomera ndi nyama
Kodi mbewu zimagwira ntchito yanji m'miyoyo yambiri okhala m'matupi amadzi? Choyambirira, mbewu zobiriwira zimatenga mpweya woipa kuchokera kumlengalenga motsogozedwa ndi dzuwa, ndikutulutsa mpweya m'madzi wofunikira kupumira kwa nyama zonse. Kachiwiri, mbalame, nyama zakum'mwera, tizilombo ndi mphutsi, nsomba zimatha kupeza chakudya ndi chakudya m'nkhokwe za posungira. Nyama zosungiramo malo zili ponsepo: pamtunda ndi m'mphepete mwa madzi, pagombe, pansi, pazomera zam'madzi. Kulumikizana kwakukulu pakati pa zinyama ndi zomera ndi chakudya. Apa mizere yamadzi imathamanga pamadzi pang'onopang'ono ndipo imagwira udzudzu ndi nyama zina zazing'ono.
Miyendo yawo yayitali pansi pake imakutidwa ndi mafuta, ndichifukwa chake madzi amawagwira. Ndipo pamadzi zomera za nkhono zimakhala: dziwe komanso coil (mkuyu. 12, 13).
Popanda ndani kuti mtsinje sungakhale moyo?
Kodi mtsinje ungakhale wopanda ndani? Mitengo yocheperako kwambiri yamadziwe, phokoso ndi mapiri, imakhala nthawi yozizira m'madzi. Mtengo wawo ndiwokulirapo pang'ono poyerekeza ndi comma chomwe chili m'buku (mkuyu. 14, 15).
Chodabwitsa kwambiri chazikuluzikulu za daphnia ndi ndevu zake zazitali. Amapukusa mapewa awo, ndikuwatsitsa kwambiri, ndikukankha kuchokera pamadzi ndikudumphira. Zidimbwe zili ndi diso loyang'ana kutsogolo, ndichifukwa chake lidatchedwa dzina.
Mtsinje sungakhale moyo wopanda ma crustaceans, chifukwa amatsuka madzi kuchokera ku mabakiteriya osawoneka ndi maso, mwala wobiriwira ndi nyama zazing'ono, ngati sichoncho kwa crustaceans, mtsinje ukanasefukira ndi iwo mwachangu. Daphnia ndi Cyclops, monga ena okhala mumtsinje, amadya zinthuzi, potero amatsuka madzi. Zomwezomwezi zimakhala chakudya cha mwachangu nsomba, ma bollus, tadpoles, mphutsi za tizilombo.
Mollusks
Kodi pali wina amene amakhala mumtsinje wopanda mutu? Awa ndi mollusks, toothless and owopsa.
Choyamba, lakuya, lopangidwa ndi mbale ziwiri zazitali, likhala losasunthika, ndiye kuti mapiko ake amatseguka pang'ono ndipo mwendo utuluka, kapena kuti balere kapena buranda la ngale limakhala ndi mutu. Adzakulitsa mwendo wakufunda ndikuyiphatikiza mumchenga, kumira akuyenda. Toothless amasuntha masentimita 2-3, kupumula - ndipo mobwerezabwereza pamsewu. Conco, ayenda pansi pa mtsinje. Zida zamadzimadzi zimatulutsa chakudya ndi mpweya kuchokera kumadzi. Pang'onopang'ono amatsegulira zigobazi ndikuyamba kutunga m'madzi, kenako ndikuponyera kutali. Madzi amadzaza ndi nyama zazing'onoting'ono, zimagwera kumira, kotero kuti toothless imawanyamula ndi zida zapadera. Toothless imapuma ndikudya, ndipo nthawi yomweyo yeretsani madzi. Ndipo balere imagwiranso ntchito. Tsiku lililonse limatsuka pafupifupi malita 40-50 amadzi. Ma Shellfish, mphutsi zamtchire, ma tadpoles amadyedwa ndi nsomba, agulugufe, oyenda pansi, abakha. Tizilombo tosambira timadya tizilombo tina, komanso nyongolotsi, nkhono, mankhusu. Achule amadya m'malo am'mphepete mwa matupi amadzi, makamaka tizilombo touluka, ndipo iwonso ndi chakudya cha nyama zatsopano komanso nsomba zodyedwa, nsomba ndi pike. Herons, seagulls, nsomba za nsomba zimadyera nsomba ndi zatsopano.
Moyo wa khansa
Chakudya chachikulu cha khansa ndi masamba. Koma amadya nyama mwachidwi, komanso zotsalira za nyama zakufa. Chifukwa chake, nsomba zazinkhanira nthawi zambiri zimadziwika kuti gulu la maiwe.
Mbedza m'miyoyo yawo zimasintha chipolopolo. Zomverera zamtundu wankhanu zimapangidwa bwino, maso amakankhidwira kutsogolo pamiyeso yopyapyala ndipo amakhala ndi chiwerengero chachikulu, 3000, maso ang'ono. Awiri tinyanga tating'onoting'ono ndi tanthauzo la fungo, ndipo lalitali ndi lingaliro lokhudza. Ngati mdani agwira khansa ndi bulawu, ndiye kuti khansa yake imasweka ndikubisalira dzenje. Guwa lotayika likhala kubwerera. Nsomba zazinkhanira zimakonda kuwonongeka kwa madzi, chifukwa chake, m'malo omwe amapezeka, amalankhula zaukhondo wam'madzi.
Selo limodzi
Agulugufe onse amafunika madzi, chifukwa ndi mphutsi zokha zomwe zimatha kukhalamo. Mphutsi sizimawoneka ngati agulugufe akuluakulu, maso awo okha ndi omwe. Diso lililonse limakhala ndi maso pafupifupi 30,000.
Mkuyu. 19. Chinjoka Larva (Source)
Maso onsewa ndi opindika, kotero kuti chinjoka chimatha kuyang'ana nthawi imodzi mbali zonse. Njoka zonse ndi nyama zolusa, zimasaka mlengalenga, zimagwira tizilombo pa ntchentche.
Mkuyu. 20. Maso a chinjoka (Source)
Mphutsi za chinjoka, nyama yolumpha, imaponyera kutsogolo milomo yayitali kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri milomo imapindidwa ndikuphimba mutu ngati chigoba. Mphutsi zimatenga madzi m'thumba lalikulu lamatumbo, ndipo zimathamangitsa mwamphamvu. Likukhalira mfuti yamadzi. Pakatha chaka chimodzi, ndipo ena patatha zaka zitatu, mphutsi zimafika pamwamba, khungu la mphutsi limaphulika, ndipo chinjoka chimatuluka. Adzakhala kwa maola angapo, natambasula mapiko ake ndikuuluka.
Ndani akukhala dontho lamadzi? Ngati mutayang'ana pa maikulosikopu, dziko labwino la zolengedwa zachilendo lidzatsegulidwa. Nacho pali mtanda wakale wowoneka bwino womwe umasintha nthawi zonse - ndi amoeba.
Zolengedwa zina zimafanana ndi nsapato zazing'ono, motero zimatchedwa. Thupi la nsapato limakutidwa ndi cilia, aliyense amayendetsa mwaluso izi ndi kusambira mwachangu.
Lipenga ndi okongola kwambiri okhala pansi, abuluu, obiriwira, ofanana ndi maluwa.
Lipenga limayenda pang'onopang'ono komanso kutsogolo chabe. Ngati china chake chimawawopsa, ndiye kuti amapindika ndipo amafanana ndi mipira. Amoebas, slipper ndi blowers ndi zolengedwa zamtundu umodzi zomwe zimadya mabakiteriya.
Ziwombankhanga zimakhalanso mchidikha chamadzi. Ichi ndi didin.
Ngakhale ali yaying'ono ngati nsapato, samangomenya mwamphamvu, komanso kumumeza kwathunthu, kutupa ngati mpira.
Zomera, nyama, ndi mabakiteriya amakhala mu dziwe lamadzi oyera; zonsezi zimatha kukhala ndi madzi ndipo zimalumikizana ndi unyolo. Zomera ndi nyama zikafa, zimadziunjikana kumapeto kwa nkhokwe, motsogozedwa ndi mabakiteriya, zimawonongeka ndikusintha kukhala mchere, womwe umasungunuka m'madzi ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nyama zina. Dziwe ndi gulu lachilengedwe.
Chidule
Lero mu phunziroli, muli ndi lingaliro latsopano ponena za kasupe wamadzi oyera ngati gulu lamadzi abwino ndikakumana ndi okhalamo.
Malingaliro
- Vakhrushev A.A., Danilov D.D. Padziko lonse lapansi 3. - M .: Ballas.
- Dmitrieva N.Ya., Kazakov A.N. Padziko lonse lapansi 3. - M: Kufalitsa Nyumba "Fedorov".
- Pleshakov A.A. Dziko kuzungulira 3. - M: Maphunziro.
Maulalo owonjezeredwa pazinthu zapaintaneti
Ntchito yakunyumba
- Kodi mumadziwa madzi ati atsopano?
- Ndi nyama ziti zomwe zimapezeka m'madziwe?
- Kodi nchifukwa ninji kumanenedwa kuti dziwe ndi dera lachilengedwe?
Ngati mukupeza cholakwika kapena cholumikizana, chonde dziwitsani - pangani zomwe mukuthandizira kuti ntchitoyo ipitirire.
Kapangidwe ka Mollusk
Chigoba cha ma coil chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe a disc, ma curls onse ali mu ndege yomweyo, pomwe sanakweze pamwamba pakamwa.
Dziwe litauma, kulemera kwa chipolopolo chake kudzakhala 80%, ndiye kuti, minofu yofewa imangokhala 20%, koma coil imalemera 91%, ndipo kulemera kwa thupi lonse kumangokhala 9%.
Nthawi zambiri, mafuta amaikidwa m'madzi amaziphatikiza ndi nsomba. Izi zimabisala pansi poyerekeza ndi dziwe, chifukwa sizidziwa kuwira pamwamba pamadzi. Kupuma kwa khungu sikumagwira gawo lalikulu mwa iwo, poyerekeza ndi prudoviks.
Ma coil ndi ma gastropods a pulmonary, kutanthauza kuti ali ndi mapapu akulu. Chigoba cha ma coil chimakhala chowonekera, motero mapapu ndi mtima womwe uli pafupi nawo zimawonekera bwino kudzera. Chipolopolo chimapanga ma curls a 7-8. Ngati muyeza kutalika kwa zosasinthika, ndiye kuti kutalika kwake kudzakhala mamilimita 75, pomwe kutalika kwa mapapu ndi mamilimita 42, ndiye kuti, mumakhala gawo lalikulu la thupi la mollusk.
Ma coils nthawi zambiri amabzalidwa m'madzimo.
Malonda amoyo
Ma coils amakhala pakati pamitengo yama malo osungirako ang'onoang'ono, ndipo amapuma mpweya wamlengalenga, kotero nthawi ndi nthawi amakwera pamwamba pamadzi ndikutsegula mapapu awo. Ngakhale kuti nkhono izi zimakhala makamaka m'madziwe ang'onoang'ono ndipo ngakhale matumba, zimapezekanso m'madzi, pamtunda wa pafupifupi 2-5 metres. Kuchokera pamenepa ndikuvuta kuti akwere pamwamba pamadzi. Anthu okhala m'mphepete mwa nyanjayi ali ndi theka la mapapu awo odzaza ndi madzi, amatulutsa mpweya kuchokera kumadzi, womwe umalowa m'mitsempha yamagazi, yomwe imazungulira mapapu ndi network yolimba.
Kola ili ndi gawo lina lopumira - m'mphepete mwa chovalacho pali khola lomwe limakulungidwa ndi zombo, zomwe zimagwira ngati yachiwiri. Magazi a nkhonozi ndi ofiira, chifukwa amakhala ndi hemoglobin.
Hemoglobin imapezeka m'magazi a mollusks awa.
M'nyengo yozizira, matenthedwe samakwawa ngati dziwe, koma amaponyera matope ndikuboweka mwamphamvu kumira.Ndiye kuti, ma coils amagwera hibernation, ndipo machitidwe awo onse a moyo amayenda pang'onopang'ono. Pa hibernation, mtima wawo umapangitsa kugunda kwa mphindi 3-4, ngakhale munthawi zina kumamenyedwa pafupifupi 25-30.
Chifukwa kuti ma coil ali ndi gill yachiwiri, hemoglobin, amatha kupuma pogwiritsa ntchito theka la m'mapapu lomwe limadzaza madzi, samadalira kwenikweni pamadziwo kuposa maiwe. Kutentha kwa madzi ndi madigiri 15-16, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'mapapu ndi 13%, dziwe limakwera pamwamba pamadzi, ndipo coil amatuluka pomwe kuchuluka kwa mpweya kumatsikira mpaka 4%. Ndiye kuti, ma coil amakhala ocheperako kuti akwere kumtunda kuposa maiwe.
Ngati madziwo ali bwino. ndiye kuti makala ali pansi.
M'madzi ozizira, ma coils nthawi zambiri amakhala pansi, pomwe pali chikhodzodzo chachikulu cha mpweya wam'mapapo pansi pa chigolacho. Mbovu iyi imalowetsa okosijeni m'madzi, imapuma, ndipo coil imakokera m'mapapu.
Kodi makola amadya bwanji?
Zakudya za ma coil zimakhala ndi algae yaying'ono. Ma Shellfish amapukusa zinthu pansi pa madzi ndi zomera zokhala ndi grater yoyala bwino yotchedwa radula. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ma coil amasungidwa m'madzi am'madzi, chifukwa amayeretsa makoma a galasi ku algae.
Ma coil amatchedwa madongosolo a aquarium, chifukwa amayeretsa makoma a kutsatira mwala.
Mbalame
Bakha wamtsinje
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Tsekwe wopondera miyendo
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Yakan
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Plypus
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Chikwanje
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Kingfisher
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Coot
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Kachilomboka kosalala
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p, blockquote 65,0,0,0,0 ->
Amphibians
Nsomba zazinkhanira
p, blockquote 66,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 67,0,0,0,0 ->
Chatsopano
p, blockquote 68,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 69,0,0,0,0 ->
Chule
p, blockquote 70,0,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 71,0,0,0,0 ->
Chida
p, blockquote 72,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 73,0,0,0,0 ->
Dziwe wamba
p, blockquote 74,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 75,0,0,0,0 ->
Leech
p, blockquote 76,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 77,0,0,0,0 ->
Amayi
Wochenjera
p, blockquote 78,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 79,0,0,1,0 ->
European mink
p, blockquote 80,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 81,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 82,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 83,0,0,0,0 ->
Tapir
p, blockquote 84,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 85,0,0,0,0 ->
Nutria
p, blockquote 86,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 87,0,0,0,0 ->
Beaver
p, blockquote 88,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 89,0,0,0,0 ->
Weasel
p, blockquote 90,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 91,0,0,0,0 ->
Otter
p, blockquote 92,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 93,0,0,0,0 ->
Muskrat
p, blockquote 94,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 95,0,0,0,0 ->
Mvuu
p, blockquote 96,0,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 97,0,0,0,0 ->
Manatee
p, blockquote 98,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 99,0,0,0,0 ->
Chisindikizo cha Baikal
p, blockquote 100,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 101,0,0,0,0 ->
Kapybara
p, blockquote 102,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 103,0,0,0,0 ->
Pomaliza
Nsomba, zinyama, zouluka, mbalame, ndi tizilombo touluka ndi mitundu yodziwika yomwe imakhala m'malo abwino okhala, koma nyama zazing'ono zambiri, monga crustaceans ndi mollusks, zimakhalanso komweko. Nsomba zina zimafuna mpweya wambiri m'madzi ndikusambira m'mitsinje ndi mitsinje, zina zimapezeka munyanja. Zinyama zomwe zimakonda madzi, monga ma beawa, zimasankha mitsinje yaying'ono ndi malo osambira. Zouluka ndi tizilombo timakonda kusambira, pewani nyanja zazikulu. Shrimp zamadzi oyera ndi ma mussels adasankhidwa ndimadziwe oyenda pang'onopang'ono ndi nyanja. Moshkara amakhala pamiyala yam'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi mitengo yakugwa.