Zinyama zazing'onoting'ono zokhala ndi mphuno yakutali, maso ndi makutu akulu owazungulira, mchira wautali wofala nthawi zambiri umasokoneza anthu. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo akunja ndi zizolowezi zina, nthawi zambiri amaziyerekeza ndi agologolo kapena makoswe, koma asayansi amati amagwirizana kwambiri ndi ma lemurs ndi anyani am'mbuyomu.
Mwanjira ina iliyonse, masiku ano nyama za tupai ndi za gulu linalake lodziyimira palokha, lomwe dzina lake ku Malay limamveka ngati "tupey". Amayimiridwa ndi mitundu inayi ya mitundu komanso mitundu 20 ya 20 yokhala ndi subspecies yambiri. Nyama zimakhala ku Southeast Asia, ndipo zimakhala ndi zilumba zake.
Tupai amakhala ndi thupi lokwera, lophimbidwa ndi ubweya wonenepa kapena wamtambo. Pafupi ndi khosi pali mzere wamtundu wopepuka. Komwe kumwera nyama zimakhalamo, ndimdima wawo. Nyama zimafika pafupifupi masentimita 20 kutalika kwake, ndipo kukula kwake kwa mchira kumatha kufika masentimita 16 mpaka 17. Amalemera pafupifupi magalamu zana limodzi. Kujambula kwamalonda pazovala sikumawonetsedwa ndipo amuna samasiyana kwa akazi mu mtundu kapena kukula.
Makhalidwe ndi malo a tupai
Tupaya (kuzizira) ndi nyama yaying'ono. Ili ndi thupi lalitali 20 cm, mchira wawukulu kuchokera 14 mpaka 20 cm, ndipo oyimilira akuluakulu kulemera kwake nthawi zina amafika 330 magalamu.
Nyama yoyenda imakhala ndi ubweya wakuda, makamaka wamitundu yakuda yamtundu wofiirira komanso wa bulauni wokhala ndi bere la lalanje ndi chingwe chowala pamapewa. Tupai ali ndi makutu ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi makutu ndi maso owongoka mbali zosiyanasiyana, zopindika zisanu, kutsogolo kwake komwe kumakhala kutalika kuposa miyendo yakumbuyo, kutsirizika kukuwoneka kowoneka bwino komanso kowongoka. Kutalika kwa thupi tupayamonga zikuwonekera chithunzi, amafanana ndi agologolo, omwe amawonekanso ngati lingaliro lozungulira ndi mchira wofiyira.
Tupaya – chinyamayemwe dzina lake limachokera ku liwu la Chimalaya "tupey". Wachilengedwe amakhala ndi ubale wapadera ndi mandimu ndi anyani, koma amawonedwa ndi asayansi kukhala odziyimira pawokha gulu tupayi (Scandentia), yomwe imagawidwa m'mitundu, mitundu ndi subspecies. Ngakhale izi zimasiyana, anthu onse ndi ofanana maonekedwe ndi machitidwe ena.
Tupaya vulgaris Imalemera pafupifupi magalamu 145, imakhala ndi kutalika kwa 19.5 cm, ndipo mchira ndi 16.5 cm. Nyama zimakhala pamtunda wocheperako, makamaka ku kontinenti ya Asia, makamaka kum'mwera ndi kum'mawa kwake: ku Indonesia, kumwera kwa China, pachilumba cha Hainan , ku Philippines, pachilumba cha Malacca ndi ena oyandikana ndi zisumbu ndi maiko, zigawo.
Big Tupaya, yomwe imapezeka ku Mala Archipelago, ku gawo la Sumatra ndi Borneo, ili ndi thunthu lotalika pafupifupi mamilimita awiri ndipo ili ndi mchira wa kutalika kofanana. Mutu umatha ndi kusalazidwa kowongoka, maso ndi okulirapo, makutu amazungulira. Tupaya wamkulu amakhala ndi mtundu wakuda, pafupifupi mtundu wakuda.
Malay Tupaya masekeli 100-160 magalamu, ali ndi thupi laling'ono, maso akuda komanso malo owonda thupi, mchira pafupifupi 14 cm. Indian tupaya amalemera pafupifupi magalamu 160; mtundu wa ubweya wake ndi wachikasu kuti uziwongola, nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi mawonekedwe oyera. Thupi lakumaso limakhala lakuda kuposa lotsika.
Chithunzithunzi Malay Tupaya
Tupai wamba
Woimira wamba wa tupai amakhala ku Malacca Peninsula ya Mala Archipelago. Imapezeka kumwera kwa China, Philippines, Singapore, komanso kuzilumba za Indonesia monga Java, Kalimantan, zisumbu za Anambas.
Tupai wamba amadziwika ndi kukula kwakukulu - kutalika kwa matupi awo amatha kufika mpaka masentimita 21, ndipo nthawi zina kulemera kwawo ndi magalamu a 190-200. Izi zikuphatikiza mitundu yopitilira 20, yomwe imasiyana mzinthu zingapo. Mitundu ya ubweya wa nyama imatha kusiyanasiyana mpaka kutuwa komanso kuda. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala m'nkhalango zopangidwa ndi mitengo ya dipterocarp, komanso zimapezeka pakati pamaudzu ena.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Nyamazo zidamera bwino ndikufalikira m'malo otentha, okhala masamba. Amakhala pamitengo m'nkhalango, nthawi zina pakati pamapiri opanda mitengo. Nthawi zambiri amakhala m'malo okhala anthu ndi minda yazipatso, pomwe amakopeka ndi chakudya chochuluka chomwe chimawoneka.
Zofanana ndi mapuloteni zimafalikira ku chikhalidwe cha nyama. Pochita, amakonda masana. Amakonda kukwera mitengo ndikumanga nyumba m'maenje awo ndi mizu, malo ena obisika komanso zingwe za nsungwi.
Nyamazo zimamva bwino komanso zimatha kuona. Amayankhulana mothandizidwa ndi zizindikiro zamthupi, mwachitsanzo, kusunthira kwa mchira, chizindikiro chamawu komanso kununkhira, kusiya masamba apadera mothandizidwa ndi zindudu zonunkhira zomwe nyama zimakhala nazo pachifuwa ndi m'mimba.
Kuchulukana kwa anthu kumafikira anthu awiri mpaka 12 pa hekitala iliyonse. Amatha kukhala okha kapena kujowina m'mabanja. Achikulire, akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi makolo awo, pomwe amuna amapita kumalo ena.
Zimachitika kuti a tupaya amalowa mkangano wina ndi mnzake, kufikira kumenyedwa koopsa komwe kumabweretsa zotsatira zakulimbana kwa gawo kapena akazi. Anthu azikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana nthawi zambiri samasonyezana kukondana wina ndi mnzake.
Nthawi zambiri tupai amafa, kukhala olandidwa ndi adani awo: mbalame zodyedwa ndi njoka zapoizoni, mwachitsanzo - temple keffiyeh. Harza ndiwowopsa kwa iwo - nyama yolusa, nyama yokhala ndi mabere achikasu. Kwa osaka, samachita chidwi, chifukwa nyama yawoyo siyophikika, ndipo ubweya ndiosafunikira.
Wolembedwa Tupai
Mtunduwu umapezeka pachilumba cha Sumatra, Kalimantan komanso kumwera kwa chilumba cha Malaysia. Imakhala m'mapiri komanso nkhalango zowirira pamtunda wosaposa 1200 metres. Ma tupai olemedwa ndi amtundu wina. Mosiyana ndi achibale ena, amakhala ndi moyo wachisangalalo, ndipo amagona masana, amabisala pamalo obisika.
Makutu awo ndi akulu komanso akuthwa kuposa ena onse, mtundu ndi wofiirira komanso wopanda mawonekedwe a lalanje pakhosi ndi mbali. Chizindikiro cha ponytail ndi mchira wautali komanso wadazi wokhala ndi lingwe la tsitsi loyera kumapeto. Monga lamulo, ndilokulirapo kuposa thupi - lotalika masentimita 10 mpaka 14, kukula kwake kungafike masentimita 15 mpaka 19.
Mawonekedwe
Tupaia yodziwika bwino imawoneka ngati mchira wosachedwa kupendekera ndi phokoso lozungulira pa gologolo. Kutalika kokwanira kwa thupi ndi 19.5 cm, mchira ndi 16.5, ndipo kunenepa kwake kumalemera pafupifupi g g. Makutu ang'onoang'ono a cartilaginous, vibrissae kakafupi komanso maso ang'onoang'ono olowera kumbali ndizikhalidwe. Miyendo yonse ndi yopinda mikono isanu, yokhala ndi zopindika zazitali lakuthwa. Ubweya wake ndi wokulirapo, kumbuyo kwake ndi kofiirira kapena kofiyira, pamimba - kofiirira-lalanje. Pali chingwe chotuwa pamapewa. Chachikazi chimakhala ndi ma bulu 1-3. Pafupifupi malo amtundu wa 49 (mitundu yakumalo) ya tupai amawerengedwa, mtundu wonsewo umawala kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kumwera.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Nyama sizili m'gulu la carnivores ndipo nthawi zambiri zimadya zakudya zam'mera ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, zomwe zimapanga zakudya zambiri zomwe amakonda tsiku lililonse. Koma zimachitika kuti ma vertebrates ang'onoang'ono amadyanso.
Chofunika kwambiri kwa iwo ndi zipatso. Nthawi zambiri, kukhazikika mkati mwa minda, iwo amatha kuyambitsa mbewuzo mwakukula zipatso zokhwima. Zimachitika kuti akuba mnyumba ya munthu, akuba chakudya m'nyumba za anthu, akukwera m'mazenera ndi ming'alu. Nyamazo zimadyerana wina ndi mnzake. Cholimbitsa, amasunga chakudya ndi miyendo yawo yakutsogolo, atakhala pamiyendo yawo yakumbuyo.
Ana obadwa kumenewo amadyetsedwa ndi mkaka wawo womwe uli ndi mapuloteni ambiri. Pakudya kamodzi, makanda amatha kuyamwa kuchokera ku magalamu 5 mpaka 15 a mkaka wa amayi.
Chisa cha ana chamtsogolo nthawi zambiri chimamangidwa ndi abambo. Udindo wachikazi pakupanga maphunziro umangokhala kudyetsa, komwe kumachitika nthawi ndi mphindi kwa mphindi 10-15.
Pazonse, mayi tupaya atabereka ana amathera maola 1.5 ndi ana awo. Akazi amadyetsa ana amuna, okhala ndi ma nipples awiri kapena 6.
Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali
Kwenikweni, tupai ndi amodzi ndipo amapanga maanja. Mitala nthawi zambiri imakhala yodziwika ku Singapore, pomwe wamwamuna wamkulu, wokhala ndi akazi angapo, amateteza ufulu wake mokulimbika ndi amuna ena.
Milandu yofananira imadziwikanso ndi moyo wa nyama yomwe ili mu ukapolo. Oyimira amuna kapena akazi osiyanasiyana amtunduwu wachilengedwe sakhala osiyana kwambiri mawonekedwe. Nyama zimaswana nyengo zonse, koma ntchito zapadera zimachitika kuyambira mwezi wa February mpaka Juni. Kutalika kwa nyengo ya akazi kumatenga sabata limodzi mpaka masabata 5.5, ndipo nthawi yokhala ndi bereyo imatenga pafupifupi milungu 6 mpaka 7.
Nthawi zambiri mu zinyalala imodzi kumawonekera anthu atatu ochepa omwe akulemera magalamu 10 okha. Amabadwa akhungu ndi osathandiza, ndipo amatsegula maso awo kuzungulira tsiku la makumi awiri. Ndipo pakatha milungu isanu ndi umodzi adziyimira pawokha kotero kuti amasiya banja la makolo awo.
Pazaka zitatu zokha, mbadwo wachinyamatawu umafika paunyamata, ndipo milungu isanu ndi umodzi pambuyo pake, nyamazo zimatha kubereka. Kutalika kwakanthawi kwa bere ndi ana okulirapo kumathandizira kuti chonde chikhale chofala komanso kuti nyama zifalikire mwachangu.
A Tupai samawonetsa chikondi chapadera kwa ana, ndipo amatha kusiyanitsa awo ndi ana ena mwa fungo, kusiya zonunkhira. Pambuyo pa masiku 36, ana amasamukira ku chisa cha makolo awo, ndipo patapita nthawi pang'ono amayamba moyo wodziyimira pawokha.
Nyengo yamoyo yazinyama kuthengo si yayitali kwenikweni ndipo siyinso yoposa zaka zitatu. M'malo abwino okhala ali mu ukapolo komanso moyo wosangalatsa ku zoo, amakhala nthawi yayitali. Zokhazikika komanso nthawi yayitali, nthawi zina pamodzi osaopa khalani zaka mpaka khumi ndi ziwiri.
Khalidwe la Tupaya wamba
Amakhala m'nkhalango. Mokulira, amakhala moyo wapadziko lapansi ndipo amangokhala amwano.
Zisa zodziwika bwino za tupai zimapanga timabowo ta mitengo yakugwa, m'miyala ya nsungwi, pansi pa miyala ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito ngati malo okhala. Zochita zimakhala makamaka masana. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika wokha, koma nthawi zina awiriawiri.
Tupai ndiofalikira m'nkhalango zotentha komanso m'mapiri pamalo okwera mamilimita 3000 pamwamba pa nyanja.
Amadyetsa zitsamba kapena pansi. Zakudya za tupaya zimakhala ndi tizilombo, nyama zina zazing'ono ndi zakudya zam'mera: mbewu, masamba, zipatso zamasamba. Chakudya chimadyedwa ngati agologolo, chimagwira mwamphamvu m'miyendo yakutsogolo. Amafuna madzi akumwa komanso akusambira.
Nthawi zambiri amakhala pafupi ndi nyumba za anthu. Amadziwika kuti amatha kudya zipatso paminda ngakhale kubera chakudya kunyumba.
Maubale m'mabanja
Tupai amakhala okha, ndipo nthawi zina m'magulu. Amateteza mwamphamvu zogawana zawo. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala kulimbana pakati pa amuna achimuna a tupai, akumatha. Amuna samenya nkhondo ndi akazi.
Maziko a zakudya za tupai wamba amapangidwa ndi zipatso ndi tizilombo, nthawi zina ma vertebrates.
Magulu a mabanja a Tupaya amapangidwa ndi makolo ndi ana awo, pomwe amuna achikulire amakhazikika, ndipo akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi makolo awo. Nthawi zonse amadya kamodzi. Amalumikizana pogwiritsa ntchito mawu omveka, ndipo nthawi zina amagwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zina, mwachitsanzo, kuyenda kwa mchira. Ndiwonso chikhalidwe chawo kusiya zikanunkhira bwino, mothandizidwa ndi tiziwalo timene timapezeka pamimba ndi pachifuwa.
Kufalikira kwa tupai wamba
Nthawi zambiri, awiriawiri osakhazikika, koma mu ukapolo amakhala ndi mitala. Ndipo ku Singapore, tupai wamba amakhalanso ndi mitala, gawo limodzi laimuna limafotokoza magawo angapo a akazi.
Kuberekanso kumachitika chaka chonse, ndipo pachimake pa February mpaka June. Mu Ogasiti-Novembala, makanda sakhala obadwa.
Awiriawiri a mtundu wapadera wa tupai chaka chonse.
Mimba mu zovala wamba kumatenga masiku 46-50. Mu ana nthawi zambiri ana akhungu 2-3 omwe amalemera magalamu 10-16. Maso amatseguka mozungulira tsiku la 20 la moyo. Pambuyo pa masiku 36, amadzilamulira okha ndipo amatha kusiya makolo awo. Kutha msambo kumachitika pakapita miyezi itatu. Pa miyezi 4.5, zazikazi zimatha kubereka kale. Chifukwa chakufupika kwakanthawi kokhala ndi pakati komanso kusasitsa msanga kwa anthu, tupai imachulukana kwambiri.
Tupai wamba amakonda kusamalira ana awo. Ana ali mu chisa chosiyana, chomangidwa makamaka ndi chachimuna. Wamkazi amakhala ndi nthawi yocheperapo ndi ana ake: amawayendera mphindi 10-15 zokha patsiku. Nthawi imodzi, mwana aliyense amamwa magalamu 5-15 a mkaka. Apa ndipomwe chisamaliro cha ana chimatha. Popanda zonunkhira, nthawi zambiri samatha kudziwa makanda awo. Pakatha masiku 36, achinyamata amadutsa chisa kupita kwa makolo awo, ndipo patatha masiku ochepa amakhala.
A Tupai amakhala ndi moyo wopanda nkhawa, amakhala nthawi yambiri pansi, pomwe amakumba zinyalala kufunafuna chakudya.
Nthawi wamba moyo wa tupai
Amakhala kuthengo zaka 2-3, koma ali mu ukapolo amatha kukhala ndi zaka 12. Chiyembekezo chamoyo choterechi ndichabwino kwambiri kwa osalankhula.
Adani akuluakulu a tupai amadya masana: temple keffiyeh, harza, mbalame za nyama ndi njoka. Mwamuna samasaka tupai, popeza nyama izi zilibe nyama yophika, ndipo khungu ndilopanda phindu. Zimayambitsa zowononga zazing'ono m'minda.
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.
Kodi tupai amawoneka bwanji?
Ponseponse, nyama izi zimakhala ndi mitundu 18 mwa mitundu 6 ndi mitundu iwiri ya mabanja. Ambiri omwe amaphunziridwa mwachilengedwe ndi tupaia wamba.
Tupaia (Tupaia glis)
Wamng'ono Tupaya (Tupaia wamng'ono)
Taupa Tupaia (Ptilocercus lowii)
Awa ndi nyama zazing'ono zokhala ndi thupi lalitali. Mtundu wocheperako, tepe-nthenga tupa, wamtali wamtali 10-14 mpaka 10. Chachikulu kwambiri ndichopanda, kutalika kwa thupi lake chimatha kufika 23 cm. Mchira wautali wa nyamazo ndi wokutidwa ndi tsitsi lotyola (kupatula nthenga zokhala ndi nthenga). Chovala pamthupi ndichopepuka komanso chofewa. Zala zili ndi zikhadabo zakuthwa, chala choyamba chimatsutsana ndi zina zonse.
Phula limatha kutalika kapena kufupikitsidwa. Mtundu wa auricle nthawi zambiri umakutidwa ndi tsitsi, wokhala ndi chikopa chachikopa, chomwe kukula kwake kumasiyana mitundu.
M'mitundu yomwe imakhala ndi moyo wosakhazikika (mwachitsanzo, wofowoka pang'ono), kukula kwa thupilo ndi kocheperako, kuponderezana kumafupikitsidwa, maso atasunthidwa kutsogolo, mchira umakhala kutalika kuposa thupi, misomali ndiyofooka. Mitundu yapadziko lapansi, monga Philippine tupaya, ndi yayikulu, yokhala ndi thunzi lalitali kwambiri, yokhala ndi zikhadabo zazitali kukumba tizilombo, tokhala ndi mchira waufupi.
Maso a nyama ndi okulirapo, nthawi zambiri amakhala m'mphepete mwa mutu.
Mano ndi ofanana ndi mano a lemurs; palinso ndi gawo lopangidwa bwino la hyoid ligament.
Kubereka
Pambuyo pa masiku 45-50 ali ndi pakati, ana 1 mpaka 3 amabadwa. Makanda obadwa kumene ali amaliseche, akhungu ndipo ali ndi mitsinje yotsekera yotseka. Misozi imatseguka tsiku 10, maso ali ndi zaka zitatu.
Amayi sasamala kwambiri za anawo, kumawachezera masiku awiri aliwonse kuti awadyetse, pomwe iyeyo akukhala kwina. Kuyendera amayi ndi kwanthawi yochepa. Mwachitsanzo, Big Tupaya amagwiritsa ntchito mphindi 5-10 zokha pakudyetsa ana. Munthawi imeneyi, aliyense amalandira magalamu a mkaka 5-15 - ichi ndiye chakudya chokhacho cha makanda mkati mwa maola 48. Chisamaliro chochepa cha amayi pa ana sichimayambitsa chilichonse kwa zolengedwa zoyamwitsa.
Mu chisa, makanda amakhalabe ndi pafupifupi mwezi, ndipo pakatha miyezi 4 amakhala okhwima.
Kufotokozera kwa Tupai
Mwambiri, banja la Tupaev lili ndi mitundu khumi ndi zisanu ndi zinayi. Amasiyana m'malo awo okhala, mtundu ndi mawonekedwe pang'ono. Munkhaniyi, ndifotokozanso mitundu ya mitundu yodziwika bwino - yabwinobwino.
Kutalika, nyamazo sizichulukitsa masentimita makumi awiri. Ndipo kuchuluka kwa matupi awo sikufika mpaka magalamu mazana atatu. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti mchira wofiyira umatha kupitirira kutalika kwa nyama yokha.
Kuthengo, nyama izi zimakhala zaka pafupifupi zitatu. Koma ali mu ukapolo amatha kukhala zaka khumi.
Tupaya ndi mamuna
Tupai ndi nyama zosawerengeka, zolumikizana ndi anthu ndizochepa. Nthawi zina amalowa m'makutu a anthu, komanso kuvulaza m'minda yazipatso. Nawonso, amakhudzidwa ndi zochitika za anthu, makamaka komwe zimawopseza kukhalapo kwa malo achilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, mitundu ina yachilendo ya goofy ikuwopsezedwa ndikutha chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa malo awo.
Kodi Tupaya amakhala kuti?
Mwambiri, onse tupai asankha madera akum'mawa ndi kum'mwera kwa Asia. Amakonda kukhazikika kudera lamvula yamvula yotentha. Koma izi sizoyenera kuchita kwa iwo. Tupai amakhalanso m'mapiri ndipo ngakhale m'minda yomwe ili pafupi ndi anthu.
Sadzipangira dzenje. Ndimakonda kukhazikika m'maenje a mitengo yakugwa kapena mizu ya amoyo. Ambiri amakhala awiriawiri, koma nthawi zonse muzidyetsa mosiyana.
Nyama iliyonse imakhala ndi malo ake, omwe amalembedwa mozama komanso otetezedwa kwambiri abale. Zachiwawa kwambiri kuti kupha anthu m'derali nthawi zambiri kumatha. Dera laimuna, kumene, limakulitsa gawo la akazi.
Kodi tupaya amadya chiyani
Chakudya chachikulu cha nyama izi ndi tizilombo komanso zipatso. Koma amatha kukhala ndi kuluma ndi ma vertebrates ang'onoang'ono. Nthawi zina amakwera zisa za mbalame ndi kuba mazira, ndipo nthawi zina anapiye ang'onoang'ono. Ngati akukhala pafupi ndi anthu, zimatha kuwononga kwambiri mbewu. Ndipo pakhala zochitika zakuba m'nyumba za anthu pofuna zabwino.
Kubala tupai
Nyama izi sizikhala ndi nthawi yokhazikika. Mimba yaikazi imatenga pafupifupi milungu isanu ndi iwiri ndipo osaposa ana atatu obadwa. Apa ndipomwe chikondi cha makolo chimadziwonetsera muulemerero wawo wonse.
Makolo sasamalira ana awo. Amawafunafuna pobisalira panjira pawo ndikuwaponyera pamenepo. Mayi amayendera ana ake kamodzi kokha masiku awiri alionse kuti adyetse. Koma samawononga kupitirira mphindi khumi.
Pakatha pafupifupi mwezi, ana'wo pang'onopang'ono amayamba kukwawa kutuluka m'khola. Ndipo akakhala ndi kulimba mtima kokwanira ndikuphunzira kudziyimira pawokha, amasamukira kwa makolo awo.
Kukhala makolo oyipa si chimo chokha la banja ili. Pali mtundu umodzi womwe ukuonekera. Izi ndi nthenga tupai. Onse tupai amakonda kusangalala ndi madzi a kanjedza, makamaka awa amakonda madzi owiritsa.
Anthu am'derali amagwiritsa ntchito msuzi wothira uwu kuti amwe mowa. Koma ndizosangalatsa kuti asayansi akukhulupirira kuti nyama sizimaledzedwa ndi chinthu chodabwitsachi. Chifukwa chiyani samamvetsetsa.
Onani Mkhalidwe
Mwa mitundu yonse khumi ndi zisanu ndi zinayi ya tupai, awiri okha ndi omwe ali pachiwopsezo. Zina zonse sizili pakali pano zovuta.
Kodi mumakonda nkhaniyo? Dinani zithupsa, siyani ndemanga ndikutsatira njira, kuti musaphonye zofalitsa zaposachedwa.
Mutha kuwona zolemba zabwino kwambiri (malinga ndi owerenga) za njira yokhudza nyama zosowaLINANI
ZONSE ZABWINO
Gawo lalikulu la zakudya za tupai ndi tizilombo. Kuphatikiza pa iwo, amadya zipatso, masamba ndi mbewu zina. Tupaya amasaka kwambiri padziko lapansi. Apa akupeza nyongolotsi, kachikumbu, agwira nyama zazing'ono monga makoswe ndi mbewa. Mano a Tupai ndi akuthwa, motero amatha kuthana ndi chakudya chilichonse. Ndi mano ataliitali akutsogolo, nyamayo imagwira ndikumapha tizilombo zobisala pakati masamba.
Ma molars ali ndi malo osasinthika ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogaya zigobvu za tizilombo, komanso chipolopolo cholimba cha zipatso zosiyanasiyana. Tupaya amagwira tizilombo touluka ndi miyendo yake yakutsogolo ndikuyika pakamwa pake. Nyama yayikulu - zazing'ono zazing'ono - imaphedwa ndi kuluma khosi.
LIFESTYLE
Tupai wamba amakhala m'malo obiriwira mvula. M'dziko lakwawo, nyama yaying'onoyi imayesetsa kufufuza zakudya mosalekeza tsiku lonse. Nthawi zambiri, imadya pansi, nthawi zina pamitengo. Padziko lapansi, tupaia wamba amangoyang'ana kafadala komanso tizirombo tina ta masamba omwe adagwa. Masana, tupaya ndi mafoni kwambiri. Nyama izi zimakhala m'magulu awiri kapena zazing'ono. Akuluakulu amadzaza malowo ndi mkodzo komanso kutulutsa timadzi tambiri ta kununkhira. Nthawi ndi nthawi, kumenyanirana phokoso kumachitika m'malire a magawo pakati pa eni magawo osiyanasiyana. Ana a Tupayas amakonza zisa zawo m'maenje a mitengo. Ma Tupayas amasuntha mwachangu, kudumphira mphindi iliyonse, kukhala pansi ndikuyang'ana pozungulira - kuyang'ana, palibe chowopsa. Pakakhala zoopsa, kuti asokoneze chidwi cha mdani, tupaia amawombera mchira wake kutalika kofanana ndi thupi lake, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amafinyira mokulira komanso moboola. Amayesetsa kubisala mchisa posachedwa kapena pothawira padziko lapansi.
Big Tupaya
Mmodzi mwa oyimira pachilumbachi ndi Great Tupaya. Amakula mpaka masentimita 20 mpaka 21, ndipo kukula kwa mchira wake ndi pafupifupi kukula kwa thupi lake. Mtunduwu uli ndi khungu lakuda, pafupifupi lakuda, lamtundu, mchira wa lalanje wowala komanso mbali zofiira. Akuluakulu amakhala ndi mutu wotsekemera, wamaso akulu, ndipo makutu amawoneka ochepa. Amakhala kuzilumba zina za zilumba za ku Malaysia, makamaka, pa Kalimantan ndi Sumatra.
Kubalana ndi chikhalidwe chamagulu
Nyama za Tupai zilibe banja lokhazikika. Amakhala ndi chakudya chawochokha, koma kuti abereke ana, amatha kukhala m'magulu awiriawiri ndi m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka okha.
Kulumikizana pakati pa zovala pamanja kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi mayendedwe apadera achilala, makutu onunkhira pachifuwa ndi pamimba, komanso ndi mawu osiyanasiyana. Amakhala mdera linalake ndipo amateteza malire ake kwa anthu akunja. Khalidwe limodzi limakhala lofanana ndi la anyamata. Akazi amatha kukhalanso kwa nthawi yayitali pafupi ndi makolo, omwe adapangidwa zaka zingapo.
Mitala siimachitika kawirikawiri pakati pa zovala, ndipo zimakhazikitsidwa makamaka ndi malire. Mwachitsanzo, izi zimawonedwa ku Singapore, pomwe gawo la amuna limadutsa zigawo za akazi angapo.
Chifukwa chakuti nyama zimakhala pakati pa zobiriwira zobiriwira nthawi zonse, nyengo yoswana mwa izo sizikhala ndi nyengo yake. Nyama zimatha kubereka nthawi iliyonse. Mimba imatenga masiku 41 mpaka 56, kenako kuchokera pa 1 mpaka 4 ana obadwa. Poyamba, tupai yaying'ono alibe chitetezo chilichonse. Amabadwa akhungu, opanda tsitsi ndipo amafunikira chisamaliro cha amayi ndi mkaka wolemera. Pakatha mwezi umodzi akuyamba kukhala olimba ndikukonzekera kukhala ndi moyo wodziyimira pawokha, miyezi ina isanu ikatha.
Ubwenzi ndi anthu
Monga nyama zamalonda, a tupai samakondwera kwathunthu - ubweya wawo suyamikiridwa pamsika, ndipo nyamayo simalawa kwambiri. Pofunafuna zabwino, nyama nthawi zambiri zimalowa m'nyumba zogona, minda ndi minda, ndikudya zonse zomwe zimapeza. Koma palibe zochulukitsa zambiri kuchokera kwa iwo, ndipo palibe amene amawagwedeza mwapadera.
Monga ziweto, sizofala kwambiri, koma kuwasunga mu ukapolo ndizotheka. Kuti muchite izi, mufunika malo otchinga ndi voliyumu osachepera 1.3 m 3. Iyenera kukhala ndi nthambi ndi mbewa zosiyanasiyana, komanso malo omwe adzaperekere nyamayo chisa. Ndikwabwino kukhazikika posakhazikika pawiri, ndipo ngati ana afunika kupeza chisa chachiwiri, chifukwa ana a nyama izi nthawi zonse amagona "chipinda" china.
Kufalitsa
Amuna ndi akazi amakhala mu chisa chimodzi, momwe mating'i amachitika. Akazi a Tupai amakhala ndi awiriawiri kapena atatu waziphuphu. Atatsala pang'ono kubereka, wamkazi amapanga chisa chatsopano, chomwe chimakhazikika ndi masamba. Yaikazi imasamalira ana amtsogolo ndikuyesera kuonetsetsa kuti malo awo obadwira ndi oyera komanso abwino. Pali ma 1 mpaka 3 malita mu zinyalala za tupai. Amabadwa opanda tsitsi, ali ndi maso otsekeka komanso makutu otsekeka. Zachikazi zimazisiya chisa zokha ndipo zimadyetsa maola 48 aliwonse. M'mphindi 4 mpaka 10, mwana wa tupai amamwa pafupifupi magalamu 5 amkaka kenako amagona mpaka mayi wotsatira atafika. Mkaka wa mkaka umakhala ndi mafuta komanso mapuloteni ambiri, motero, ana amakula mwachangu. Ndizosangalatsa kuti makanda, akukula popanda chisamaliro cha amayi awo, m'malo otentha amakhala ndi kutentha kwamthupi kosalekeza pafupifupi madigiri 37. Patatha mwezi umodzi amachoka chisa.
ZOPHUNZITSIRA ZOSANGALALA MUKUDZIWA KUTI.
- Asayansi akuyerekeza kuti azimayi wamba a tupai amakhala ndi ana awo kuyambira nthawi yomwe abadwe mpaka chisa chatsala kwa ola limodzi ndi theka. Khalidwe ili ndilabwino kwambiri kwa zolengedwa zoyamwitsa.
- Poyamba, asayansi amati kudana kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zina. Komabe, atapanga kafukufuku, asayansi adawona kuti ndiwofanana kwambiri ndi anyani m'magulu a chigaza, ubongo, minofu ndi njira yolerera.
NKHANI ZOCHULUKA ZA DUPAI
Masomphenya: pakusaka, tupai amadalira maso awo kuposa mphuno zawo - amafanana ndi anyani.
Ubweya: wamfupi kuposa mitundu yambiri ya tupai, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yopaka maolivi amdima komanso bulauni, yomwe imatchinga nyama kuti isawonane ndi mbewu.
Muzzle: okwera, okutidwa ndi tsitsi loyera-vibrissae. Tupaya amafufuza masamba omwe adagwa ndi mphuno yake ndikumasula nthaka yamtchire.
Mapazi: Pazitsulo pali mapepala otanuka, chifukwa chomwe nyama imakhazikika bwino panthambi. Tupaya amathandizanso ndi zala zazitali zosunthika komanso zikhadabo zakuthwa.
Mchira: Kutalika, kumathandizira kukhala osamala ndikulumpha kuchokera ku nthambi kupita ku nthambi.
- Malo okhala tupai wamba
PAMENE AMAKHALA
Tupai wamba amakhala ndi gawo lalikulu kwambiri pakati pa tupai onse - amakhala m'nkhalango zotentha kumpoto kwa India, kumwera chakumadzulo kwa China ndi Indonesia.
KUTETEZA NDI KUPULUMUTSA
Ma Tupayas amasungidwa kutali ndi malo ndipo mwina chifukwa cha izi safuna kutetezedwa. Komabe, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mitengo, ali pachiwopsezo chodana ndi malo awo achilengedwe.