Ngakhale ma dolphin akunja kofanana ndi nsomba, koma ndi munthu ali ndi zambiri zomwe amafanana. Nyama izi ndi zinyama, zanzeru kwambiri komanso zimalumikizana ndi anthu.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti iwo, monga anthu, amadyetsa ana awo mkaka. Koma sikuti ma dolphin amangokhala ngati awa. Zizindikiro zotsatirazi zikuwonetsanso kufanana kwathu ndi izi:
- dolphin - magazi ofunda,
- Kutentha kwakuthupi kwa dolphin ndi madigiri 36.6,
- kuchuluka kwa ubongo wa dolphin ndi 1400 cc, pomwe mwa anthu ndi 1700 cc,
- ma dolphin ali ndi mwayi wokhala ndi zaka 75,
- ma dolphin amapuma pang'ono, osati ma gill.
Mwanjira imeneyi nkhani ya dolphin zikadakhala kuti zikadasinthiratu, ndipo zikadakhala kuti zikadakhala padziko lapansi ngati, zaka mamiliyoni ambiri zapitazo, akadasankha kutuluka m'madzi ndikusintha kukhala zolengedwa monga ife.
Koma, mosiyana ndi anthu, ma dolphin sanachite izi. Zikuwoneka kuti chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zauzimu, adaganiza kuti m'madzi, momwe simufunikira kudandaula za nkhondo zosatha ndikugawana zachilengedwe, adzakhala otetezeka kwambiri.
Mitundu yodziwika bwino kwambiri ya dolphin ndi dolphin. About dolphin Tikudziwa mtundu uwu chifukwa amabwereketsa bwino kwambiri pamaphunziro ndipo nthawi zambiri amatenga nawo mbali pojambula mafilimu osiyanasiyana.
Iwo ndi cholengedwa chowoneka ngati nsomba, chamaonekedwe abwino pafupifupi mita imodzi ndi theka kutalika kwake ndi nkhope yayitali, momwe kumwetulira kwabwino nthawi zonse kumawalira. Koma zoona zake, banja la dolphin ndilosiyana kwambiri (pafupifupi mitundu 40).
Mwachitsanzo, chinsomba chachikulu chakupha, chomwe ambiri amachiona kuti ndi wachibale wa asodzi, ndi cha banja la dolphin, kutalika kwake kumachokera ku mamilimita 2.5 (ma cubs) mpaka 10 metres.
Utoto wa ma dolphin nawonso umasiyana, umatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera ndi kutentha kwa madzi. M'chilengedwe muli imvi, buluu, pinki, yoyera, ma dolphin akuda etc.
Ma dolphin ali ndi zinthu zambiri zachilendo zomwe ngakhale asayansi odziwika sangathe kufotokoza lero. Mwachitsanzo, kusinthika kwawo kwapadera ndi kuthekera kodziwitsa zopinga pasadakhale. Poyenda mothamanga kwambiri, dolphin imayenda modekha m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
Kupezeka kwa chilankhulo chawo, chomwe ndi kuphatikiza kwa manja ndi mawu. Ndiponso, kuthekera kugona mosinthana ndi amodzi a ziwongo. Izi ndizofunikira kuti fuluyo isamakhutire pakudya.
Ndipo mothandizidwa ndi luso lake lapadera, amatha kuyang'ana mbali imodzi ya ubongo, ndikupatsanso mpumulo, kenako wina. Chifukwa chake, zikuwoneka kuti ma dolphin sagona konse.
Kutha kuzindikira zabwino ndi zoyipa kumawonekeranso gawo lapadera la ma dolphin. Munthawi yakusaka kwa chinsomba, pomwe palibe amene anaganiza zopanga bungwe ngati Green Peace, ma dolphin anali otetezera akuluakulu aanthu omwe amakhala opanda chitetezo.
Anasonkhana m'matumba ndipo gulu lokhala ndi mkwiyo linasinthana ndi onyamula owoneka ngati bwalala, kuwakakamiza kuti atembenuke mozungulira. Chifukwa chake, adapulumutsa achibale awo kuimfa.
Koma, ngakhale atakhala onyoza bwanji osaganizira akuba opanda mtima, amadziwa kuti si anthu onse omwe ndi oipa. Chifukwa chake, ma dolphin nthawi zambiri amapulumutsa anthu omwe akumira.
Malo okhala Dolphin
Ma dolphin amatha kupezeka pafupifupi nyanja ndi nyanja zonse. Ngakhale mumtsinje wa Amazon muli ma dolphin oyera. Mu Arctic Ocean, mutha kupezanso nyama zabwino zamtunduwu.
Pamenepo amaimiridwa ndi munthu wabwino wa matani awiri, yemwe ali ndi dzina lokwezeka - beluga whale. Kuwongolera kayendedwe ka magazi ndi kupezeka kwa mafuta osanjikiza okwanira amathandiza dolphin kukhalabe yotentha mthupi mozizira kwambiri.
Chakudya cha dolphin
Mwa zisonyezo zonse zachilengedwe zabwino, ma dolphin ayenera kukhala azinyama, koma kwenikweni amadya nsomba ndi zina zam'madzi. Ma dolphin ndi osusuka modabwitsa.
Munthu m'modzi wamkulu patsiku amafunikira pafupifupi ma kilogalamu 30 a nsomba, squid kapena nsomba zina zam'nyanja. Ngakhale kuti ma dolphin ali ndi mano pafupifupi 80, nthawi zambiri amameza chakudya osafuna kutafuna.
Ma dolphin amasaka m'matumba. Pokhala kuti siyiri kutali ndi gombe, gulu lokhala ndi ma dolphin, lomwe limagawidwa mu semicircle, imayendetsa sukulu ya nsomba pafupi ndi kumtunda. Pamene nsomba zilibe kopita, ndipo zimakankhidwa kumtunda, ma dolphin amayamba chakudya. Kusaka kutali ndi nyanja, ma dolphin ochenjera amakazungulira nsomba kuchokera mbali zonse ndikugwiritsa ntchito bwino kuti chakudya chawo chamasana sichitha kubisala nthawi.
Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali
Asananyamuke chachikazi, dolphin yamphongo imachita mwambo wofunsa chibwenzi. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi imeneyi amatha "kupendapenda" kwa ena oimira theka lokongola la dolphin. Ma dolphin amenewa amakumbukiranso kwambiri anthu.
Atasankha wamkazi m'modzi, woyenera m'njira zonse, wamwamuna amayamba kulumikizana naye. Ngati chachikazi sichitsutsana ndi kulumikizana, chibwenzi chimapitilira gawo lina - kutsatira. Kenako, kudzera pakusambira pamphambano, dolphin yamphongoyo, imangokhala ngati ikhudza wosankhidwa wakeyo ndi kuwala, kosakhudzika kwa mphothoyo.
Komanso, ali pachibwenzi, wamwamuna amadzipatsa yekha ulemu, ndikukhala mbali zonse zabwino, kuphatikiza apo, amayesa kukopa "mkazi wamtima" mothandizidwa ndi wotchuka nyimbo za dolphin. Kwa chidwi chotere, palibe mayi m'modzi yemwe angakhale wopanda chidwi, chifukwa chake, kubwereza kumachitika mwachindunji.
Ma dolphin amanyamula ana awo kwa miyezi 12. "Ana" nthawi zambiri amabadwa ndi mchira patsogolo ndipo nthawi yomweyo amayamba kusambira. Ntchito ya akazi ndikuwawonetsera njira pamadzi pomwe amatha kupumira.
Kukondana kwa amayi ndi mwana kuma dolphin ndikolimba. Kulumikizana kwawo kumatha mpaka zaka zisanu ndi zitatu. Ma dolphins amakhala ndi moyo pafupifupi zaka 50 (zaka 75 zapamwamba). Zomwe zimapangitsanso kuti aziwoneka ngati anthu.
Zamoyo zokongola, zotsekemera izi sizingasiye aliyense wopanda chidwi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake pafupifupi kulikonse padziko lapansi pali ma dolphinarium ambiri, omwe amakonzedwa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi osiyanasiyana chiwonetsero cha dolphin.
Amaperekanso kusambira. pamodzi ndi ma dolphinadyetseni komanso chithunzi ndi dolphin. Kwa ana, masewera oterewa amakhala nthawi yosaiwalika.
Kuphatikiza apo, kusambira ndi ma dolphin kuli ndi phindu pa mankhwalawa a matenda a musculoskeletal ana. Inde, ndipo achikulire sangapweteke kusokoneza zovuta zawo ndikamacheza ndi zolengedwa zabwinozi.
Anthu ena opeza bwino amakonda kukhala ndi ma dolphinariums awo. Koma zoona dolphin yaulere palibe amene adzapereke. Zogwira ntchito mtengo wa dolphin pafupifupi madola 100,000 aku US.
Pamsika wakuda, angagulidwe kwa madola 25,000, koma mwanjira iyi palibe chitsimikizo kuti dolphin ikhala nthawi yayitali, popeza momwe machitidwe akukonzera akukiyira kofunikira. Kupatula apo dolphin wakufa sizingasangalatse wina aliyense.
Zachidziwikire tsiku lililonse yang'anani kusewera dolphin chisangalalo chachikulu. Koma musanaganize zofunikira kwambiri monga kugula dolphin ngati chiweto, muyenera kukhala okonzekera chifukwa amafunika zinthu zoyenera, chakudya chapadera komanso chisamaliro cha tsiku ndi tsiku. Kupatula apo, dolphin sikuti chiweto chokha, koma cholengedwa chofanana kwambiri ndi ife, chokhala okoma mtima komanso osatetezeka.
Ma dolphins
Zimakhala zovuta kupeza munthu yemwe sakudziwa momwe izi zimayamwitsira zachilengedwe zam'madzi. Ma dolphin amaonedwa ngati zolengedwa zamtendere kwambiri, anzeru komanso abwenzi kwambiri padziko lapansi, kuphatikiza anthu. Pankhani yolankhula za ma dolphin, chithunzi cha nyama zapamadzi zophunzitsidwa bwino chimatulukira, ndikuchita pagulu zamitundu yonse. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti pali mayiko angapo omwe akutsutsana ndi kupanga dolphinariums, pokhulupirira kuti ma dolphin ayenera kukhala m'malo achilengedwe. Tsoka ilo, kuchuluka kwa zolengedwa zodabwitsa izi kumachepera chaka chilichonse. Choopsa chachikulu kwambiri kwa ma dolphin ndichofunikira kwambiri cha munthu.
Nkhani
Malinga ndi asayansi, zinzake zakale, zinzake, ma dolphin ndi zinsomba zinachokera kwa makolo ena omwe amakhala padziko lapansi zaka mamiliyoni zapitazo. Nthawi yomweyo, sanali nyama zapamtunda zokha ndipo adadzipezera okha chakudya m'madzi. Zamoyo zowoneka bwino izi ndi ziboda zake zinkatchedwa mesonichids. Amakhulupirira kuti adakhala zaka pafupifupi 60 miliyoni zapitazo, amafalikira kudera lamakono ku Asia, komanso madzi am'nyanja ya Mediterranean. Zakudya za nyama izi zimaphatikizapo nyama zam'madzi zomwe sizikulu zazikulu, komanso nsomba zomwe zinkakhala m'mbali mwa nyanja.
Ma mesonichids adakhala moyo wawo wonse m'madzi, kotero maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe awo amthupi adayamba kusintha pang'onopang'ono. Thupi linakhazikika, ndipo miyendo yawo inayamba kusandulika zipsepse. Tsitsi lidalekeranso kukula pamthupi, ndipo mafuta ambiri adayamba kuwoneka pansi pa khungu. Kupuma komweko kunayambanso kusinthika, chifukwa nyama sizinali zophweka kupumira, ndikukhala mumadzi.
Ngakhale kuti makolo akale a cetaceans, komanso ma dolphin, ndi ma mesonichid, ma dolphin ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi mvuu, monga zikuwonekera ndi kafukufuku wa asayansi pamaselo a mamolekyulu. Chifukwa chake, akukhulupirira kuti ma dolphin samangokhala ngati ma artiodactyl, komanso ali m'gulu lawo. Ngakhale masiku ano, mvuu ndi mvuu zimatha nthawi yambiri m'madzi, ndipo pamtunda nthawi zina zimawoneka kuti zikudya. Pamenepa, asayansi akuonetsa kuti mvuu zimaphatikizidwa mu gawo limodzi la nthambi za chisinthiko. Basi cetaceans sanayime mkukula kwawo pamlingo winawake, atachoka pamtunda, anasinthiratu ndi moyo m'madzi ambiri, komwe adaphunzira momwe angadzipezere chakudya.
Kufanana kwa mvuu ndi ma cetaceans opanda miyendo kumawoneka kukhala kwachilendo kwa ena, koma mbiri yachitukuko cha anthu ndi chilengedwe chonsecho ili ndi zofanana zambiri komanso zosamveka, poyang'ana koyamba, zitsanzo. Zomwezo zitha kunenedwa pokhudzana ndi kusinthika kwa zolengedwa zamoyo zosangalatsa kwambiri komanso zapadera - ma dolphin.
Kufotokozera kwamawonekedwe a dolphin
Ma dolphin ali m'gulu la nzika zazikulu zam'madzi zomwe zimapuma mpweya, koma osati mothandizidwa ndi ma gill, ngati nsomba zambiri. Ngakhale zili choncho, ma dolphin amatha moyo wawo wonse m'madzi, kumene amabala. Nthawi yomweyo, wamkazi amadyetsa ana ake payekha, chifukwa chake ma dolphin amatchedwa zinyama, nyama zokhala ndi magazi ofunda.
Ma dolphins, poyerekeza ndi abale awo omwe ndi chinsomba, ali ndi mawonekedwe okongola komanso okongola. Izi ndi zolengedwa zanzeru komanso zochezeka, zokhala ndi mano akuthwa. Akuluakulu amakula mpaka 2 ndi theka mita, kutalika kwake pafupifupi 300 kg. Killer whale amatalika pafupifupi mita 9, kulemera kwake mpaka kilogalamu 8,000. Ma dolphin achimuna ndi okulirapo pang'ono kuposa zazikazi. Thupi ndi zipsepse zakuda kapena imvi, koma m'mimba mwawo ndi oyera oyera.
Chiwalo chapadera cha ma dolphin ndi ubongo wawo, womwe umakhala maso ngakhale dolphin ikagona. Izi ndizofunikira kuti dolphin lipume pafupipafupi, apo ayi ikhoza kumira m'madzi.
Khungu la ma dolphin lilinso ndi mawonekedwe ena omwe amakupatsani mphamvu kuti muchepetse kusokonezeka kwa madzi, kuthamangira mwachangu komanso kuchepa msanga msanga m'mitsetse.
Chosangalatsa kudziwa! Asanapange sitima yapamadzi, opanga ake adasanthula luso la kuyenda kwa dolphin m'madzi kwa nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa cha maphunziro ngati awa, zinali zotheka kupanga khungu lokumbira kuti lipangike la m'madzi apamadziwo ndi mawonekedwe apadera.
Zomwe zimadya
Ma dolphin amadya ma mollusks, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsomba, komanso nyama zina zazing'ono zam'madzi. Amadya nsomba zambiri patsiku, pomwe amasaka nsomba mumatumba. Dolphin iliyonse imatha kudya mpaka 30 kg za nsomba patsiku. Izi zikuchitika chifukwa cha moyo wa ma dolphin komanso chikhalidwe cha moyo. Chowonadi ndi chakuti amafunika kuwongolera kutentha kwa thupi, makamaka ngati nyengo yam'madzi itakhala ya zero kapena yochepa kwambiri. Kuti akwaniritse njira yoyenera yoperekera mankhwala opatsirana, ma dolphin amafunika kudya pafupipafupi komanso kudya kwambiri, kupitiliza kukula kwa mafuta. Chifukwa chake, ma dolphin amakhala akusunthasuntha, akusaka chakudya ndipo akangoyambira usiku, amapuma pang'ono.
Gulu la ma dolphin limasaka nsomba zazikulu, ndikuzigwira mwachangu chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo. Atenga nsomba, amaizungulira kuchokera kumbali zonse ndikuyamba kudya. Izi zipitilira mpaka mamembala onse a phukusi akhutitsidwa. Amatha kuponya cholumikizira kapena kutsatira pambali pake. Panjala pang'ono, ayambanso kuwukira sukuluyi. Izi zitha kupitiliza mpaka palibe chomwe chatsala ku sukulu ya nsomba.
Kuti muwone komwe ma dolphin ali munyanja, ndikokwanira kupeza sukulu ya nsomba, ndipo sukulu ya nsomba ikhoza kupezeka ndi gulu lalikulu la seagulls, zomwe zimachitanso nawo chikondwererochi. Kumene kuli nsomba zambiri, kumakhala ma dolphin. M'chilimwe, ma dolphin amapezeka pa Azov. Nthawi imeneyi, mullet ndi hamsa amasamukira kunyanja kukadyetsa mafuta. Amasambiranso m'mphepete mwa Caucasus pofika nthawi yophukira, nsomba zikayamba kusamuka.
Ma dolphin amakonda kusunga m'matumba, chifukwa chake dolphin imodzi ndiyokayikitsa kuti ikapezeka m'nyanja ndi m'madzi. Tsoka ilo, anamgumi opha ndi asodzi amasaka ma dolphin. Ngakhale izi, ma dolphin amakonda kucheza ndi anthu ndipo amawadalira kwambiri. Samalumikizana osati wina ndi mnzake, komanso ndi nyama zina zapamadzi. Adzateteza abale awo mpaka mpweya womaliza. Panali nthawi zina pomwe ma dolphin ankathandiza munthu yemwe amatsala yekha ndi madzi amadzi. Imeneyi inali nthawi yoti kuoneke nthano komanso nkhani zambiri za momwe nyama zam'madzi zimapulumutsira miyoyo.
Kuswana kwa dolphin
Ma dolphin ndi okhawo omwe amakhala m'madzi am'madzi ndi nyanja zomwe sizobadwa ndi mitu yakutsogolo, koma ndi mchira wawo. Pambuyo pobadwa, akazi amapitilizabe kusamalira ana awo ngakhale mchaka chachitatu cha moyo.
Chosangalatsa kudziwa! Ma dolphin, ngakhale atakula, samataya makolo awo nthawi iliyonse. Makhalidwe a nyama oterowo ali ngati chikhalidwe cha anthu.
Ma dolphin amakhalanso mwamtendere kumapiri, koma samayanjana ndi anamgumi opha. Ngakhale kuti zazikazi ndi zazikazi zimabereka ana ambiri, sizimagwirizana. Palibe nyama iliyonse yomwe imakonda ana ake ngati dolphin. Amawaphunzitsa ndi kuwaphunzitsa, amapita kukasaka kuti akaphunzitse mbadwo wachinyamata luso la usodzi.
Chosangalatsa kudziwa! Pazowopsa, ma dolphin a ana awo amasiyidwa, ndipo iwonso amayenda kutsogolo kwa paketiyo. Ngati palibe chowopseza, anawo amasambira modekha pamaso pa makolo awo, ndi zazikazi kenako amuna amphongo akutsatira.
Mankhwala a dolphin
Mbiri ya ubale pakati pa anthu ndi dolphin inayamba zaka masauzande ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, maubwenzi awa adayamba ngakhale asayansi asanayambe kutcha anthu okhala m'madzi ngati ma dolphin. Kwa zaka mazana ambiri, asayansi azindikira kuti ma cetace, monga anthu, apanga malankhulidwe oyankhula. Ana odwala, olimbitsa thupi, "amalankhulana" ndi ma dolphin kwa nthawi yayitali, izi zimakhudza bwino ana odwala.Pambuyo pa "kulumikizana" kotere, ana odwala amayamba kuseka ndi kuseka koyamba, komwe a Britain adatsimikizira zaka 70 zapitazo. Pazifukwa izi, ma dolphin adayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda amisala komanso amisala anthu, komanso amthupi. Ngati mumakhala nthawi yayitali ndi ma dolphin mu dziwe, kusambira pafupi nawo, mutha kuthana ndi nkhawa, kupweteka mutu, neuralgia, komanso rheumatism.
Zochitika zoyipa
Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kudziwa zomwe zimachitika muzochitika za dolphin. Nthawi zambiri amangoponyedwa kumtunda ndikufa ngati sathandizidwa munthawi yoyenera. Zomwe zimalumikizana ndi izi, asayansi sakudziwabe, ngakhale zitha kulingaliridwa kuti kusamvana kotereku mu machitidwe a dolphin (osati ma dolphin okha) omwe amayanjana ndi moyo wamunthu m'madzi ndi nyanja zamchere.
Pomaliza
Nyama za m'madzi, monga ma dolphin, ndizosangalatsa kwambiri sayansi. Chosangalatsa kwambiri ndi njira yolankhulira mawu yomwe ma dolphin amagwiritsa ntchito. Zolemba zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita, makamaka muukadaulo wankhondo. Ma boti oyenda panyanja amagwiritsa ntchito mfundozi kwa miyezi yambiri m'mizere yamadzi ndikuzama ndikusunthira mumtsinje wamadzi, motsogozedwa ndi njira yofotokozera. Tsoka ilo, zizindikilo zochokera kwa asitikali am'madzi zimakhudza kwambiri moyo wam'madzi. Akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ma dolphin amasambitsidwa kumtunda, chifukwa sitimayi yankhondo yam'madzi yam'madziyi imayerekeza ma dolphin ndi zolengedwa zina zam'madzi.
Palinso gawo lina pakugwiritsa ntchito nyama zanzeru izi, makamaka popeza ndizosavuta kuphunzitsa. Asitikali amagwiritsa ntchito ma dolphin ngati ma sabetaurs, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti munthuyo sakusamalira abale ake ang'ono. Mayiko ena akukhalabe ndi mapulani ofuna kulanda madera akunja, ndiye kuti akupanga ndalama zochulukirapo pankhani zankhondo.
Gulu la Asitikali aku US limathandiziranso ma dolphin, kuthandiza ankhondo akumenya zigawenga, ndikugwiranso ntchito yoteteza madera amadzi.
Njira yoyenera kwambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito ma dolphin, kapena kuthekera kwawo pazolinga zamtendere, kuwaphunzitsa kuti athe kutenga nawo mbali pofufuza ndi kupulumutsa panyanja. Mwanjira iyi, kuposa nyama izi, palibe amene angathane ndi ntchitoyi, makamaka m'madzi akuluakulu am'nyanja ndi nyanja yamadzi.
Mankhwala a dolphin ndi njira ina, yosangalatsa, yofanana ndi psychotherapy. Nthawi zambiri mumafunikira thandizo la dolphin, popeza mankhwala othandizira alibe mphamvu. Mitundu ina ya odwala imamvanso bwino m'madzi, kukhala pafupi ndi dolphin. Ndipo izi sizosadabwitsa, popeza katundu m'madzi pazinthu zonse za anthu ndi zochepa, motero wodwalayo amamva bwino komanso amakhala bwino.
Mwanjira ina, ma dolphin amapangidwa kuti azithandiza anthu.