Chimbalangondo cha Chimalay Amadziwika kuti kwawo ndi mlendo, ndi munthu m'modzi yekha. Mu 2016, okhala m'modzi m'midzi yapafupi ndi Brunei adamenya nkhonya zam'madzi ndi ndodo, ndikuganiza kuti ndi mlendo.
Chimbalangondo chinali chitatopa, popanda tsitsi. Poona izi, zikhadabo za nyamayo zimawoneka zokulirapo. Kutenga chimbalangondo chaumboni, a Malay adayitanitsa atolankhani. Abwera ndi katswiri wazamanyama yemwe adazindikira "mlendo".
Chimbalangondo cha Chimalay
Wowona zanyama adawona kuti chomwe chimayambitsa khola la chirombo chinali matenda oyamba, kuphatikiza ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wa magazi ndi matenda amkhungu. Chimbalangacho chidachiritsidwa ndikuthira kumalo achilengedwe. Tsopano chirombo chikuwoneka bwino kwambiri.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a Chimbalangondo cha Chimalay
Mu Chilatini, malowa amatchedwa helarcos. Kutanthauzira - "chimbalangondo cha dzuwa". Kulungamitsidwa kwa dzinali ndi malo agolide pa chifuwa cha chirombo. Chizindikirocho chikufanana ndi dzuwa lotuluka. Nkhope ya chimbalangondo cha Chimalawi imapakikidwanso mu beige wagolide. Thupi lonse limatsala pang'ono kuda. Mwa zimbalangondo zina za ku Malay, pali:
- Miniature. Kutalika kwa nyama pofota sikupita masentimita 70. Kutalika kwa chilombo kumafika mita imodzi ndi theka. chifukwa chake chithunzi chithunzi malay Imawoneka ngati yayitali, yovuta pang'ono. Nyama imalemera kilogalamu 65.
- Lilime lokakamira komanso lalitali. Chilombochi chimawakonzera uchi ndipo amalowa m'mapiri, kusangalala ndi anthu okhalamo.
- Mawonekedwe akuthwa komanso akulu kuposa zimbalangondo zina. Amavala zovala zamatumbo ndipo amadyera nthawi yomweyo.
- Maso ang'ono ndi owoneka abuluu. Kulephera kuwona kumalipidwa ndi kumva ndi kununkhira. Komabe, osawona zomwe zikuyandikira, chilombocho chimakonda kuwathamangira, ndikuzindikira kuti ali kale m'njira. Khalidwe laukali limayenderana ndi izi. Malay Bear. Kulemera Nyamayi ndi yaying'ono, koma nyamayo imatha kuyipitsa.
- Makutu ochepera. Zabzalidwe kwambiri. Kutalika kwa auricle sikudutsa masentimita 6, ndipo nthawi zambiri kumakhala kokwanira anayi.
- Kutalika, kufupikitsa muzzle.
- Zovala zazitali, zokhotakhota komanso zakuthwa. Ndiwosavuta kunyamula mitengo ikakhala kukwera.
- Khungu limakulunga khosi. Iyi ndi njira yoteteza ku tiger ndi nyalugwe zomwe zimazungulira zimbalangondo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwira ozungulira ndi khosi. Amphaka sangathe kuluma pakhungu la chimbalangondo cha Chimala. Kuphatikiza apo, zopindika paz khosi la kilabu-phazi ndizoloweka. Izi zimathandiza kuti chimbalangondo chizitembenuzira mutu ndikuluma wochimwayo poyankha.
- Zobowola kwambiri pakati pa zimbalangondo ndizodziwikiratu. Uku ndikusinthasintha kukwera mitengo.
- Chovala chachifupi. Chilombo sichiyenera kukula chovala cha ubweya m'malo otentha.
- Mulingo wambiri wa cephalization. Ili ndiye dzina lodzipatula la mutu ndikulowetsedwa mmagawo omwe nyama zina zimakhala nazo mthupi. Mwanjira ina, Malawian clubfoot ili ndi gawo lotukuka kwambiri. Izi zimasiyanitsa chirombo osati pakati pa zimbalangondo, komanso anthu ambiri olusa pamtunda.
Kudziko la chilombo amachitcha Biruang. Dzinali limamasulira kuti "galu-wanyama." Anasewera gawo lolumikizana ndi kukula kwakung'ono kwa nyamayo. Kukula kwake, ndikufanana ndi galu wamkulu. Izi zimathandizanso a Malay kuti asunge ma Biruang mu mayadi ngati alonda. Monga agalu, zimbalangondo zimamangidwa.
Kodi chimbalangondo cha Chimala ndi ndani?
Simungamve kawirikawiri za chimbalangondo chomwe chili ndi dzinali. Zonse chifukwa malo omwe amakhala ndi ochepa. Mabala achi Malaysia amakhala kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa India, magawo a China, Thailand, Peninsula ya Indochina ndi Malacca. Zimapezekanso ku Indonesia. Gulu lanyumba za Chimalawi limakhala pachilumba cha Borneo.
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Kutalika kwa thupi la nyamayi sikupitilira mita imodzi ndi theka. Kutalika - mpaka 70 sentimita. Ngakhale kukula kwake ndi chimbalangondo, chimbalangondo cha Chimalimba ndichamphamvu kwambiri, ndichopanda minofu yayikulu komanso zopunduka zazikulu kwambiri.
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Chovala chake chimakhala ndi tsitsi lalifupi, lalitali komanso losalala. Zimbalangondo zambiri za ku Mala zimakhala ndi mtundu wakuda, womwe umasandulika mtundu wachikasu pankhope ya nyama.
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Kodi chimbalangondo chamalaichi chimadya chiyani?
Zakudya za chimbalangondo ndizosiyanasiyana - ndizopatsa chidwi. Koma chochuluka cha chakudyacho chimapangidwa ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana. Biruang agwira njuchi ndi chiswe, amakumba nyongolotsi, agwira mbewa ndi abuluzi. Chimodzi mwazinthu zimbalangondo za Chimalay ndi chilankhulo chachilendo. Imakhala yayitali kwambiri ndipo imagwira ntchito kukoka mchidwi ku mayendedwe a zisa zawo, komanso uchi ku ming'oma ya njuchi. Tekinolojeyi yopanga zakudya pogwiritsa ntchito lilime lalitali ndi yofanana ndi nkhuni.
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Kuphatikiza pa chakudya chanyama, Biruang amakonda kudya "mbale" zamasamba. Mwachitsanzo, mphukira zam'mera zazing'ono, mizu, zipatso zamitundu yonse. Mano amphamvu a Bear amamulola kuti alume ngakhale ma coconuts. Pomaliza, a Biruang samanyalanyaza zovunda ndipo nthawi zambiri amadya zotsala pambuyo pa maphwando a akambuku.
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Makhalidwe a Malay Bear
Chimbalangondo cha Chimalawi chimakhala nthawi yayitali pamitengo. Miyendo yamphamvu yolimba komanso yayikulu, yokhala pansi, yoluka imamuloleza kuti akwere nthambi momasuka. Chosangalatsa cha biruang ndikutha kupanga "zisa" zachilendo kuchokera masamba ndi nthambi. Mwa iwo, chimbalangondo chimakhala masana, chikuyenda padzuwa. Nthawi yosaka imayamba ndikayamba kwamdima.
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Chimbalangondo cha Chimalaya chimakhala ndi moyo wobisalira kwambiri. Sizovuta kwenikweni, makamaka mukaganiza kuti padzikoli pali zimbalangondo zochepa. Nthawi ina, munthu adawononga kwambiri anthu aku Biruang, kuchotsa zikopa zawo, chikhodzodzo ndi mtima, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala achikhalidwe ku Asia. Pakadali pano, biruang adalembedwa mu Red Book.
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Chimbalangondo cha Chimalilani, ngakhale chilibe ntchito, chimatha kukhalabe mu ukapolo. Maiko ena aku Asia ali ndi ma biruang eni eni. Amasinthasintha mwachangu mikhalidwe yatsopano ndipo amatha kukhala mu ukapolo kwa zaka 25.
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Biruang nthawi zambiri imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwa zimbalangondo zowopsa kwambiri padziko lapansi, chifukwa, pang'onopang'ono, imasiyanitsidwa ndi chikhalidwe choopsa komanso mikhalidwe yabwino yomenyera nkhondo. Komabe, anthu aku Asia saganiza mosiyana ndipo amatha kuphunzitsa bwino Biruangs. Kumvetsetsa za chimbalangondochi, amachichotsa, chifukwa chomwe minda yonse imapangidwa.
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Biruang - Red Book Animal
Komabe, biruang amakhalabe mtundu wocheperako padziko lapansi ndipo amafunika kutetezedwa kuti tichotse anthu. Kuphatikiza pazoletsa kusaka, imafunikanso mwamphamvu kuti isunge zachilengedwe - mitengo ndi nkhokwe zomwe zimakhala. Popeza nthawi zambiri kuwonongeka kwa nkhalango kumapangitsa kuti mitundu yonse ya nyama zamtchire ndi mbalame zisachedwe kutha.
Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi mafotokozedwe
Chithunzi: Mala Bear
Chimbalangondo cha Chimalaya ndi wachibale wa zimbalangondo zonse zodziwika bwino - pandas zazikulu. Komanso, ili ndi kukula kochepa kwambiri pakati pa nthumwi zonse za mabanja a chimbalangondo, popeza mamembala ake samaposa 65 kg.
Helarctos ndi dzina la chimbalangondo chomwe chimaperekedwa ndi anthu am'deralo ndipo chimatsimikiziridwa ndi akatswiri owonera zinyama, pomwe mu Chigriki: pana amatanthauza dzuwa ndi arcto chimbalangondo. Dzinalo lomwe nyamayo idalandila mwina chifukwa malowo pa chifuwa chake, lomwe limakhala loyera kuyambira oyera mpaka lalanje, lili lofanana kwambiri ndi dzuwa lomwe likutuluka.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake
Biruang, wocheperako kuposa zonse zimbalangondo zomwe zimadziwika ndi sayansi, ali ndi thupi lalitali kwambiri lotalika pafupifupi masentimita 150, osapitirira 70 cm, ndi kulemera - kuyambira 27 mpaka 65 kg. Amuna achimuna nthawi zambiri amakhala okulirapo pang'ono kuposa akazi, osapitirira 10-12 peresenti.
Nyamayo imakhala ndi kamfupi kakang'ono kamene kali ndi mano akuluakulu olimba, makutu ang'onoang'ono ozungulira ndi maso ang'onoang'ono, osawoneka bwino. Nthawi yomweyo, kusowa kwa maonedwe acuity mu zimbalangondo kumangoperekedwa ndi kungomva koyenera komanso kununkhira.
Nyamayi imakhalanso ndi lilime louma komanso lalitali, kuiloleza kudya mosavuta malo okhala ndi tizilombo tina tating'onoting'ono. Mawotchi a Biruang ndi atali okwanira, osakulirapo kanthu, olimba kwambiri ndi nsapato zazitali, zokhotakhota komanso zowoneka bwino.
Ngakhale maonekedwe onyansa onse, chimbalangondo cha Chimalaya chimakhala ndi chovala chokongola - chachifupi, chambiri, chonyezimira, chakuda komanso chosasangalatsa m'madzi komanso mawonekedwe owoneka ofiira kumbali, malovu ndi mawonekedwe osiyanitsa pachifuwa.
Kodi chimbalangondo cha Chimalawi chimakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Biruang, kapena Mala Bear
Zimbalangondo za ku Males zimakhala zokhala m'malo otentha, otentha, kumapiri otsetsereka komanso kumapeto kwa zilumba za Borneo, Sumatra ndi Java, pachilumba cha Indochina, ku India (chigawo chakumpoto chakum'maŵa), Indonesia, Thailand, ndikukhala ndi moyo wodzipatula kupatula kwa atsikana okhala ndi ana amuna ndi nthawi pamene mating zimachitika.
Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo
Chithunzi: Mala Bear
Biruangs ndi nyama zosachedwa usiku zomwe zimakwera mitengo bwino. Usiku, amadya masamba a mitengo, zipatso ndi nyerere, ndipo masana amawuma pakati panthambi kapena beseni pamtunda wa mamita 7 mpaka 12. Nthawi yomweyo, chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino za nyama ndikutha kupotoza zisa kapena nkhwangwa bwino kuchokera kunthambi, kuzikoka m'njira yapadera. Inde, inde, ndiko kupotoza zisa. Ndipo amazichita mwangwiro - osati zoyipa kuposa mbalame.
Mu zisa zawo, zimbalangondo nthawi zambiri zimapumira kapena kutentha kwa dzuwa masana. Dzina lina linachokera pano: "chimbalangondo cha dzuwa". Kuphatikiza apo, a Malay mu chilankhulo chawo amatcha zimbalangondo "basindo nan tenggil", zomwe zikutanthauza kuti "amene amakonda kukhala pamwamba kwambiri".
A Biruangs, mosiyana ndi abale awo akumpoto kwambiri m'banjamo, samakonda kuchita hibernard ndipo samalimbikira izi. Mwina gawo lotere la iwo limalumikizidwa ndi nyengo yotentha komanso nyengo yabwino, momwe nyengo zimakhazikika kapena sizikhala zosasinthika, sizisintha kwambiri ndipo m'chilengedwe mumakhala chakudya chokwanira kwa iwo, chomera ndi nyama.
Kwakukulukulu, a Biruang ndi nyama zodekha komanso zopanda vuto zomwe zimayesetsa kupewa anthu nthawi zonse ngati zingatheke. Komabe, nthawi zina zimachitika kuti zimbalangondo zimachita zinthu mwankhanza kwambiri komanso mosayembekezereka zikuukira nyama zina (akambuku, nyalugwe) ngakhale anthu. Mwambiri, izi sizachilendo kwa abambo amodzi, koma zazimayi zomwe zimakhala ndi ana, mwina akukhulupirira kuti atha kukhala pachiwopsezo.
Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Malay Sun Bear
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, zimbalangondo za ku Males ndi nyama imodzi. Samasonkhana pagulu limodzi ndipo amakhala osakwatira, ndiye kuti amapanga mabanja olimba, koma nthawi yakukhwima. Mukamaliza, banjali limasokonekera ndipo aliyense mwa omwe ali nawo amatenga nawo mbali mwa njira yawo. Kutha kwawo kumachitika ali ndi zaka 3 mpaka 5.
Nyengo yokutha ya ma Biruangs imatha kupitilira masiku awiri mpaka asanu ndi awiri, nthawi zina yayitali. Yaikazi, yokonzekera kukhwima, limodzi ndi yamphongo, imatenga nawo gawo pazomwe zimatchedwa kukhwima, zomwe zimadziwika ndi chibwenzi chazitali, kulimbana mwamasewera, kudumpha, masewera otsogola, kugwirana mwamphamvu ndi zina.
Chodabwitsa ndichakuti mating'i ku zimbalangondo za ku Malail amatha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse pachaka - ngakhale chilimwe, ngakhale nyengo yozizira, zomwe zikuwonetsa kusakhalako kwa nyengo yakukula pamtunduwu. Monga lamulo, kubereka pakati ku Malawi kumatenga masiku osapitirira 95, koma pali zochitika zina zomwe zimafotokozedwa m'malo osungirako ena komwe amayi amatha kukhalapo kawiri kapena mwinanso kutalika katatu kuposa masiku, zomwe mwina zitha chifukwa chosachedwa kulowerera kwa dzira losakanizidwa kulowa muchiberekero. Chodabwitsa chofananacho chochedwetsa umuna nthawi zambiri chimapezeka m'mitundu yonse ya banja la Bear.
Akazi nthawi zambiri amabweretsa mwana mmodzi mpaka atatu. Asanabadwe, amafunafuna malo obisika kwa nthawi yayitali, amawakonzekeretsa mosamala, akukonzekeretsa mtundu wina wa chisa kuchokera ku nthambi zoonda, masamba a kanjedza ndi udzu wouma. Zitsamba ku Biruangs zimabadwa zopanda maliseche, akhungu, osowa thandizo komanso ochepa kwambiri - osakwana 300 g Kuyambira nthawi yobadwa, moyo, chitetezo, kakulidwe ka thupi ndi china chilichonse mu ana ang'ono kumatengera kwathunthu amayi awo.
Kuphatikiza pa mkaka wa amayi, womwe amamuyamwa pafupifupi miyezi 4, makanda obadwa kumene mpaka miyezi iwiri amafunikanso kukondoweza kwa matumbo ndi chikhodzodzo. Mwachilengedwe, chisamalirochi chimaperekedwa kwa iwo ndi chimbalangondo, nthawi zambiri ndikunyambita ana ake mosamala. M'malo osungira nyama, ana amasambitsidwa kangapo patsiku, kuwongolera madzi pamatumba awo, ndikubwezeretsa nyambo za amayi.
Ana a Biruang amakula msanga, mwachangu mwachangu. Pofika zaka zitatu amatha kuthamanga, kusewera wina ndi mnzake komanso ndi amayi awo, kudya zakudya zowonjezera.
Khungu la ana akangobadwa kumene limakhala lakuda ndi imvi ndi chovala chachifupi, ndipo kupweteka ndi mawonekedwe pa chifuwa ndi zoyera.
Maso aana amatseguka tsiku la 25, koma amayamba kuwona ndi kumva bwino pofika tsiku la 50. Yaikazi nthawi yonseyi, pomwe khandalo lili naye, akuwaphunzitsa komwe angapeze zakudya, zomwe zingadyedwe ndi zomwe sangathe. Pakatha miyezi 30, ana amasiye amasiya amayi awo ndikuyamba moyo wawo wodziyimira pawokha.
Adani Achilengedwe Achilengedwe Amabala
M'malo achilengedwe, adani akuluakulu a zimbalangondo za ku Malaghali makamaka ndi anyalugwe, akambuku ndi oyimira ena akuluakulu amphaka, komanso ng'ona ndi njoka zazikulu, makamaka ma pythons. Kuteteza motsutsana ndi adani ambiri, a Biruang ali ndi mawonekedwe osavuta kwambiri komanso otengera kwa iwo: khungu losasunthika kwambiri m'khosi, likugwera pamapewa ndi zigawo ziwiri kapena zitatu.
Zimagwira bwanji? Ngati chimbalangondo chagwidwa ndi khosi, chimatembenuka mosavuta ndikukuluma wolakwayo ndi mafangidwe ake olimba, kenako ndikugwiritsira ntchito zingwe zazitali zakuthwa. Izi nthawi zambiri zimadabwitsidwa ndipo alibe nthawi yoti abwerere m'mbuyo momwe amagwirira ntchito ngati wopanda thandizo, atamupweteketsa, mwachangu adathawa ndikubisala mumtengo.
Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu
Chithunzi: Mala Bear (Biruang)
Mpaka pano, Chimbalangondo cha Chimalaki (Biruang) chimadziwika kuti ndi nyama chosowa kwambiri cholembedwa mu Red Book pansi paudindo: "Mitundu ya nyama zomwe zatsala pang'ono". Imaphatikizidwanso ku Zakumapeto No 1 of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna. Kuphatikizidwa mu chikalata chotere kumaletsa mwamphamvu kugulitsa konsekonse mu biruangs.
Chosowa pachilamulochi ndi kugulitsa kochepa kwambiri kwa zimbalangondo za ku Malawi kokha kuti zithandizire kuphatikiza malo osungira nyama. Nthawi yomweyo, njira yogulitsa ndiyovuta kwambiri, yopanga zolemba ntchito ndipo ikufuna malo osungira nyama omwe akufuna kugula zilolezo zambiri ndi zikalata zingapo kuchokera kwa biruang.
Chiwerengero chotsimikizika cha Biruangs sichimatchedwa akatswiri a zoology ndi akatswiri ena, koma zomwe ziwerengero zawo zikuchepa chaka chilichonse, pamlingo wowopsa kwambiri, akuti. Udindo wotsogola pantchitoyi umaseweredwa, mwachidziwikire, ndi munthu yemwe amawononga nthawi zonse nyama.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa zimbalangondo za Malaysia ndizofala:
- kudula mitengo
- moto
- kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo
- kuchotsedwa kopanda nzeru komanso kopanda maziko.
Zinthu zomwe zili pamwambapa, zikuchulukitsa malo a Biruang ochepa kwambiri komanso olekanitsidwa ndi madera otukuka, momwe amasowa chakudya ndipo alibe malo abwino okhala ndi kubereka.
Guard Mala
Stock Photo Biruang Red Book
Ngakhale kuti kuchuluka kwa nyama zosowa chonchi kumachepera chaka chilichonse, anthu ambiri safuna kuganizira zamtsogolo ndikupitilizabe kuwononga, kuwasaka onse awiriwo ndikuwakonda.
Ndipo onse chifukwa ziwalo zina zathupi, makamaka chikhodzodzo cha ndulu ndi biruang bile, zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwina kummawa njira zochizira kuyambira nthawi zakale ndipo zimatengedwa ngati njira yothandiza kwambiri yochizira matenda opatsirana ndi mabakiteriya komanso kuwonjezera potency. Chifukwa china chomwe chimatulutsira nyama zosowa chonchi ndi ubweya wokongola womwe amasoka zipewa.
Pomaliza, ndikufuna kunena kuti anthu akumalawi akuMalawi ali ndi ubale wawo ndi zimbalangondo za Malay zomwe sizikumveka kwenikweni kwa osadziwika. Kuyambira kale, a Aborigine akhala akunyamula zimbalangondo za dzuwa, nthawi zambiri amazisunga m'midzi ngati ziweto komanso zosangalatsa za ana. Chifukwa chake mphekesera zakuukwiya kwa a Biruangs ndizachidziwikire kuposa lamulo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake dzinalo lodziwikirali linadziwika - "galu-galu".
Poyerekeza ndi nkhani zambiri za anthu achi Aborigine, nyama zokhala ndi miyendo inayi zimamera mosavuta mu ukapolo, zimachita zinthu modekha, kusiya zosangalatsa zam'mbuyomu, monga kugona chisa padzuwa ndipo zikufanana kwambiri ndi zizolowezi zawo. Mu malo osungira nyama, ma biruangs amaswana popanda mavuto ndipo amakhala nthawi yayitali - mpaka zaka 25.
Kuchokera pamwambapa zikuwonetsa kuti vutoli pakuchepetsa chiwerengero cha anthu sikuti likuwononga malo awanthu, koma kufafaniza konsekonse. Chimbalangondo cha Chimalay iyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi boma nthawi zonse, ngakhale izi sizimalepheretsa ozitape ndi osaka ena ambiri kuchita ntchito zawo zonyansa.
Kufotokozera kwa chimbalangondo cha Himalayan
Kufotokozera kwa chimbalangondo cha Himalayan kuyenera kuyamba ndi nkhani yokhudza chizindikiritso chake pachifuwa. Ndi iye yemwe amapangitsa kuti azitha kusiyanitsa chimbalangondo ichi moyenera ndi ena oimira banja la Bear. Dera loyera, lomwe nthawi zina limakhala losawonekera pang'ono, lofanana ndi cholembera kapena chilembo V, limakongoletsa chifuwa chachikulu cha chimbalangondo. Chifukwa chakuti mtundu waukulu wa chimbalangondo cha Himalayan ndi wakuda, chizindikirochi ndi chodabwitsa kwambiri.
Pofotokozera chimbalangondo cha Himalayan, palinso zina, koma osati zowoneka bwino kwambiri. Chimbalangondo choyera chonchi chimawoneka chocheperako kuposa chimbalangondo cha bulauni ndipo chili ndi thupi laling'ono. Kuphatikiza apo, chimbalangondo cha mwezi chimakhala ndi makutu akulu ozungulira ndi phokoso loonda-lopindika, lomwe lingakhale lopepuka pang'ono kuposa mtundu waukulu. Chimbalangondo cha Himalayan chimakhala ndi chovala chambiri ndi chonyezimira cha mtundu wakuda kapena wakuda. Ubweya wake ndi wopyapyala koma waufupi. Makamaka amawoneka bwino m'mphepete mwa mutu wake, ndikupanga mtundu wamanjenje, osati, wowoneka bwino ngati mfumu ya nyama.
Kukula kwa chimbalangondo cha Himalayan, ngakhale kuli kocheperako kakang'ono kuposa chimbalangondo chofiirira kapena polar, kumakhalabe kosangalatsa. Zachikazi zimawoneka zazing'ono kwambiri kuposa zazimuna. Kutalika kwamunthu wamwamuna wamkulu kumasiyana pakati pa 150-180 masentimita, ndi kulemera kwa 100-140 kg, mkazi wamkulu amakhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 120-150 ndipo amalemera 80-120 kg. Kutalika kwa kufota kwa zimbalangondo kumeneku ndi pafupifupi masentimita 80. Alinso ndi mchira waufupi, womwe kutalika kwake ndi 11 cm. Nthawi zambiri chimbalangondo cha Himalayan chimakhala pafupifupi zaka 25.
Chimbalangondo chokhala ndi bere loyera chimakhala champhamvu kwambiri komanso champhamvu. Kutalika kwa mapewa mwa munthu wamkulu kumatha kufika mita imodzi. Matumba omwe ali ndi zikhadabo zakuthwa ali ndi mphamvu yapadera. Ndi chithandizo chawo, chimbalangondo cha Ussuri chimatha kudutsa mosavuta pamitengo ndikukumba mabowo. Kuphatikiza apo, chimbalangondochi chimakhala ndi mano osangalatsa kwambiri omwe amakupatsani mwayi wokukuta mitundu yovuta kwambiri yamitengo. Chimbalangondo cha Himalaya chimakumbukira bwino, nyama yapadera komanso yosangalatsa kwambiri.
Kodi chimbalangondo cha Himalayan chimakhala kuti ndipo chimakhala bwanji?
Chimbalangondo cha Himalayan chimakhala m'mapiri komanso m'mapiri kuyambira Iran mpaka Japan, kudutsa Afghanistan, Pakistan, Himalayas ndi Korea. Kuphatikiza apo, malo okhala chimbalangondo cha Himalaya chimaphatikizanso madera ena a China, Khabarovsk Territory, Yakutia ndi Vietnam. Chimbalangondo cha Himalayan chimakhala pachilumba cha Taiwan. M'malo am'mapiri, ma Clubfobo amenewa amatalika mpaka 4 kilomita, ndipo nthawi yozizira amatsika kumapeto kwa mapiri.
Chimbalangondo cha Himalayan chimakhala makamaka pamitengo, pomwe imadzipezera chakudya ndikubisala kwa adani, ikusankha nkhalango zowuma kapena zosakanikirana, kupewa malo opanda madambo. Chimbalangondo chokhala ndi mbewa yoyera chimakhala chosoka mitengo mwaluso chomwe chimakwera mumtengo masekondi angapo ndikutsika pomwepo.
Ngakhale chimbalangondo cha Ussuri chimakhala moyo wake wonse pamitengo, izi sizimamulepheretsa kuyenda pansi molimba mtima ndikusambira mwangwiro. Ikakwera pamwamba pa mtengo, chimbalangondochi chimakonda kudula nthambi kuti chisangalatse zipatso zake. Komabe, samataya kunja nthambi, koma amadzikhomera, kudzipangira chisa chachikulu kuti apumule. Mu nyengo yachete kwambiri m'nkhalango mutha kumva kuwonongeka kwa nthambi.
Chimbalangondo cha Himalaya chimakhala chokhazikika ndipo chimakonda kusungulumwa. Chosiyana ndi nyengo yakukhwima ndi malo azakudya zambiri, kumene anthu angapo amatha kusonkhana nthawi imodzi. Munthawi zonsezi, utsogoleri wokhazikika umalemekezedwa; okalamba ali ndi mwayi woposa achinyamata. Nthawi yonseyi, chimbalangondo cha Himalaya chimakhala chokha. Nyamazo zimakhala ndi malo ambiri, zimakonda kuyenda m'njira zofananazo. Amayika zinthu zawo ndi ma tag, ndikusiya gawo lokwezeka pokhapokha kutha kwa chakudya.
M'nyengo yozizira, chimbalangondo cha Himalayan chimabisala, ndikupanga phanga mumayenje amitengo yakale kutalika kosachepera 5 metres. Pakati pa yophukira, chimbalangondo chimayamba kudzikonzera chokochoko. Nthawi zambiri pachilombochi chimasankha linden kapena popula, pomwe imatafuna kukula kwa bowo ndipo imayendetsa mkati mwake kuti ikwaniritse kukula kwake. Ngati kulibe mitengo yabwino, ndiye kuti angakonzeretu khola lake m'phanga kapena malo ena aliwonse. Ndizodabwitsa kuti zimbalangondozi sizinabisala kamodzi, koma zingapo, kotero kuti ndizoyenera kuthawirako pangozi.
Asanayambe hibernating, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala kuyambira Novembala mpaka March, chimbalangondo cha Himalayan chikukula mafuta. Pa hibernation, nyama zofunikira zonse zimachepa. Chapakatikati, chimbalangondo chija chimachoka kunyumba kwawo ndipo nthawi yomweyo chimayamba kufunafuna chakudya, chifukwa ndalama zomwe zidasungidwa nthawi yake yonse inali itatha. Zimbalangondo za Himalayan ndi nyama zaphokoso kwambiri ndipo zimapanga phokoso zambiri momwe zimafotokozera momwe zimakhalira. Amalira, kupikisana, kusisima, kudandaula, kuwombera ndi kulira.
Chimbalangondo cha Himalayan chimakhala mwachangu kwambiri madzulo ndi usiku, chimakonda kupumula pamakona amitengo kapena m'mapanga masana. Koma nthawi yakucha zomwe mumakonda, nyama izi zimatha kugwira ntchito masana. Chimbalangondo cha Himalayan chimayesetsa kupewa anthu ndipo nthawi zambiri sichiwonetsa mkwiyo kwa iwo. Komabe, pali milandu yodziwika yovutitsidwa ndi chimbalangondo ichi pa anthu. Chifukwa chake, mukakumana ndi iye, kusamala kwakukulu kuyenera kuchitidwa ndipo musaiwale kuti uyu ndi wolusa zakutchire, yemwe sangakhale wolosera kwambiri.
Chimbalangondo cha Himalayan chimakumbukira bwino, kukumbukira zabwino ndi zoyipa. Munthu wa chirombo ichi ndi mdani. Kuphatikiza pa anthu, chimbalangondo chofiirira, akambuku a Amur komanso amtundu wina wamphaka zikuluzikulu zimasokoneza ngozi za ziboliboli, ndipo mimbulu imakonda kulimbana ndi nyama zazing'ono. Chimbalangondo cha Himalayan chimakonda kubisala kwa anthu komanso pazifukwa zomveka. Kupatula apo, ndichinthu chofunikira kusaka chifukwa cha ubweya wake komanso ndimphamvu yakuchiritsa ya bile.
M'mayiko ena, kuli minda yapadera komwe zimbalangondozi zimadulidwa pofuna kukolola chikhodzodzo cha ndulu kuti mugwiritse ntchito mankhwala. Koma nthawi zambiri chimbalangondo cha Himalayan chimavutika ndi manja a osaka. Kupha anthu osalamulira kunapangitsa kuti chimbalangondo cha Himalayan chilembedwe mu Red Book. Kuphatikiza apo, kudula mitengo mwachinyama komanso zochitika zina za anthu zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa zimbalangondo, zimawalepheretsa malo okhala zachilengedwe ndi chakudya.
Kodi chimbalangondo cha Himalaya chimadya chiyani?
Monga panda yayikulu, chakudya cha chimbalangondo cha Himalayan chimakhala makamaka ndi zakudya zamasamba. Chimbalangondo cha Himalayan chimadya mtedza, zipatso, zipatso zosiyanasiyana ndi zipatso, mphukira, masamba, bowa, njere, mababu, mizu, ma cones ndi acorns. Chomwe amakonda kwambiri za zimbalangondo izi ndi uchi ndi chitumbuwa cha mbalame, chifukwa chakudya kwawo chilombo chitha kufikira malekezero adziko lapansi. Kuphatikizika kwachilengedwe ndi mphamvu zimawalola kupeza zabwino zilizonse.
Ngakhale zakudya zamasamba, chimbalangondo cha Himalayan chimatha kusaka, koma sizichita kawirikawiri. Ngati chimbalangondo choyera chayesa kupita kukasaka, ndiye kuti nthawi zambiri anthu omwe amawazunza amatha kukhala agwape, nkhumba zakutchire kapena ziweto, ndipo chimbalangondo chimangokulunga khosi ndi miyendo yake yolimba. Koma izi zimachitika mwachisawawa, chifukwa chake, makamaka nsikidzi, nyerere, mphutsi, mbewa, achule, mazira ngakhale njuchi zimasanduka chakudya chake.
Mitundu ya Malay Bear
Zosungidwa zimbalangondo za ku Masewera zagawika padera. Pali magulu awiri. Loyamba limakhazikitsidwa ndi kukula kwalubfoot:
- Anthu akutali ndi akulu.
- Zimbalangondo za pachilumba cha Malay ndizing'ono kwambiri.
Kugawika kwachiwiri kumalumikizidwa ndi mitundu ya nyama:
- Pali malo owala pachifuwa. Anthu otere amapambana.
- Pali zimbalangondo zopanda chizindikiro cha dzuwa. Monga - kupatula lamulo. Mwachitsanzo, pachilumba chonse cha Borneo, mwachitsanzo, panali chikwama chimodzi chokha chomwe chimapezeka wopanda banga. Imodzi yapezeka ku East Sabah.
Palinso magawano pam mano. Amakhala akulu m'mayiko ena. Chifukwa chake, magawikidwe akuwoneka kuti akuphatikiza.
Malaysia Bear ili ndi lilime lalitali kwambiri
Himalayan Bear Cub
Nyengo yokomera chimbalangondo cha Himalayan imagwera pakati pa chilimwe ndipo nthawi zambiri imadutsa mofatsa. Zitha kubereka, zimbalangondozi zimakhala zaka zapakati pa 3-4. Mimba ya chimbalangondo cha Himalayan imatha pafupifupi miyezi 7. Pofika pakati pa dzinja, zimbalangondo zazing'ono za Himalayan zimawonekera m'khola. Nthawi zambiri ana 1-2 amabadwa, nthawi zina makanda 3-4 amabadwa. Wamkazi sabweretsanso kubadwa m'modzi mu zaka zitatu.
Mwana wamwamuna Himalayan chimbalangondo wabadwa wopanda thandizo, wakhungu ndipo salemera kuposa 400 magalamu. Ana obadwa kumene amakhala alibe ubweya, koma pakatha mwezi umodzi amadzalidwa ndi khungu laiwisi, pang'onopang'ono limasinthidwa ndi ubweya wakuda. Ng'ombe zimayamba kumera pang'onopang'ono ndipo pofika mu Meyi zimalemera kuposa 3 makilogalamu. Chifukwa chake, chimbalangondo chimatuluka m'khomalo mochedwa kuposa masiku onse, kulola ana kuti akhale olimba.
Nthawi yonseyi ali nawo ndipo amawadyetsa mkaka. Chimbalangondo chokhala ndi tiana chikachoka pakhomalo, ana a chimbalangondo cha Himalayan amayamba kusintha pang'onopang'ono kuti adye zakudya. Ana akhanda amakhala ndi amayi awo, omwe amawateteza ndi kuwateteza, mpaka pafupifupi zaka 3. Akafika zaka zitatu, ana a chimbalangondo cha Himalayan amadzilamulira okha.
Ngati mumakonda nkhaniyi ndipo mumakonda kuwerenga zolemba zosangalatsa zanyama, lembetsani patsamba lathu zosintha kuti zikhale zoyamba kulandira zolembedwa zaposachedwa kwambiri komanso zosangalatsa kwambiri za nyama zosiyanasiyana padziko lapansi.
Zakudya zamagulu
Monga zimbalangondo zambiri, chiMalay ndi chodabwitsa. Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku za nyama zimaphatikizapo:
- chiswe
- nyerere
- njuchi zakutchire ndi mphutsi zawo,
- mphukira za kanjedza
- abuluzi
- mbalame zazing'ono
- zazing'ono zazing'ono
- nthochi.
Maluti clubfoot ndi zipatso zina zam'malo otentha amadya, koma koposa zonse amakonda uchi. Chifukwa chake, oimira amtunduwo amatchedwanso zimbalangondo za uchi.
Malalaki
Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali
Asanakhwime, yamphongo imasamalira wamkazi kwa milungu iwiri. Ndipokhapo pomwe mkaziyo amadzitsitsa kuti azikhudzana. Pakati pa iye ndi kuyambika kwa pakati, masiku angapo akudutsa. Masiku enanso 200 chimbalangondo chimabereka mwana, ndikubereka ana atatu. Ali:
- ndi akhungu
- kulemera okwanira 300 g
- yosakutidwa kwathunthu ndi ubweya
Apo, komwe amalaala amakhala, amakhala wazakugonana pofika zaka 3-5. Nyama imakhala iwiri ndi mayi. Ng'ombe amadya mkaka wake mpaka miyezi 4. Kwa miyezi iwiri, mayiyo amalumpha mwana. Kukanikiza lilime kumathandizira kuti ntchito za ana azizungulira.
Chachikazi chimakhala ndi chikho cha chimbalangondo cha ku Malawi
Miyezi iwiri itabadwa, ana amatha kale kuthamanga, kupita kukasaka ndi amayi awo, kuphunzira kuchokera kumoyo wamtchire. Ngati chimbalangondo cha Chimalawi chikhalebe mu ukapolo, chimatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 25. Mwachilengedwe, mitundu yamtundu wa Clubfoot nthawi zambiri sigonjetse chizindikiro cha zaka 18.
Chimbalangondo cha Chimalaya chimalembedwa mu International Red Book. Chiwerengero cha mitunduyi chikucheperachepera, makamaka chifukwa chosaka. Anthu akumderalo amawona kuti bile ndi chiwindi cha chilombocho ndi machiritso ku matenda onse. Kuphatikiza apo, zachilengedwe zachilengedwe zamatumbo, zomwe ndi nkhalango zotentha, zikuwonongeka.
Moyo ndi Zopatsa Thanzi
Chimbalangondochi chimakhala m'nkhalango zotentha komanso zam'mapiri a kumapiri a kumwera kwa Asia. Amakhala okonzeka kukwera mitengo ndipo, pokhala chinyama chamadzulo, nthawi zambiri amagona kapena kutulutsa kadzuwa munthambi za mitengo tsiku lonse, komwe amadzipangira mtundu wa chisa [ gwero silinatchulidwe masiku 2816 ]. Apa amadya masamba ndi zipatso, amapindika nthambi ngati chimbalangondo cha Himalaya. Mu hibernation sikugwa.
Biruang ndiwopatsa chidwi. Amadyetsedwa makamaka ndi tizilombo (njuchi, chiswe) ndi nyongolotsi zazomera, komanso mphukira, ma rhizomes ndi zipatso za mbewu. Lilime loonda lotalika limathandiza biruang kupeza chisa kuchokera ku zisa ndi uchi. Kuphatikiza apo, ma biruangs amadya makoswe ang'onoang'ono, mbalame ndi abuluzi, komanso zovunda, zomwe zimatsalira itatha kudya chakudya chambiri. M'malo okhala anthu ambiri, imatha kuthyola zinyalala, kuwononga ziweto komanso kuwononga minda (nthochi, kanjedza). Nsagwada yamphamvu imamulola kuti awononge coconuts.
Ngakhale kulemera kwake kopepuka, pafupifupi makilogalamu 45, ndiwopseza komanso wowopsa yemwe angadziteteze bwinobwino ngakhale ku nthenga. Adani ena olembedwa mwachilengedwe a chimbalangondo cha Chimalesitina amaphatikizapo mamba, akambuku owawoneka, ndi ma pythons akuluakulu kwambiri.
Udindo wa anthu
Biruangs ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yovuta kwambiri ya zimbalangondo. Mtunduwu udalembedwa mu Buku Lapadziko Lonse Lapansi wokhala ndi malo "osatetezeka" (Eng. Vulnerable, VU). Imaphatikizidwanso ku Appendix 1 ya Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). Manambala awo enieni sakudziwika. Imasungidwa mu ukapolo komanso monga chiweto. Mtima wa Biruang komanso ndulu ya ndulu imagwiritsidwa ntchito monga mankhwala achikhalidwe ku Asia.
Habitat
- Chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu chimamwazikana pachilumba cha Borneo. Palinso oimira mabanja omwe akukambirana ku Thailand, Indonesia, India. Amapezeka ku Laos ndi Vietnam. Zina ndizofala ku Sumatra ndi kumwera kwa China.
- Ndizoyenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera. Nyerere. chilengedwe chokha cha moyo sichingapezeke. Anthu amakhala nthawi yayitali akukhalapo, pamitengo. Zotsalira zokhazokha ndizomwe zimayanjana ndi akazi achikazi ndi ana awo. Amayesetsa kukhala m'dera pafupi ndi amuna, omwe aziteteza pakavulaza.
- Nyama zimadzuka usiku wonse. Amakonda mdima komanso mitambo.Masana, amapuma m'malo awo okhalamo. Munthawi zabwinobwino, pangani mtengo pobzala mtengo pogwiritsa ntchito nthambi ndi nthambi. Nyama ikayamba kugwidwa mwadzidzidzi, ndiye kuti mutha kuyizolowera ndikugonjera.
Mtengo pa munthu aliyense
- Masiku ano, anthu ochulukirachulukira akupitiliza kusaka munthu m'modzi chifukwa cha masewera. Osaka amagulitsanso mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi. Monga tanena kale, ziwalo zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala achikhalidwe. Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa ali ndi mbiri yayitali.
- Mankhwala achikhalidwe achi China, mkwiyo umagwiranso ntchito mpaka pano. Chida choterechi ndi chothandiza pothana ndi matenda oyamba ndi bakiteriya. Mwa anthu amderali pali nthano kuti mawonekedwe oterewa amakhudza mphamvu yaimuna. Kuchulukitsa kumachulukitsa kwambiri libido mwa amuna ndi akazi.
- Osaganizira izi, nyama yakutchire imadziwika kuti ndi chida champhamvu pochizira matenda oopsa. Achi China ati ngakhale matenda omwe amapha amatha kuchiritsidwa. Tsitsi lanyama limayikidwa makamaka kuphedwa) popanga zipewa.
- M'madera ena, anthu amakhala ndi maudindo ofunika kwambiri. Nyama zimanyamula njere zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mu lingaliro limodzi lokha la chimbudzi, mbewu zoposa 300 zinapezeka zomwe zimatha kumera. Kupanda kutero, nyamazo zimachepetsa kukolola kwa nthochi ndi minda ya kokonati.