Msodzi wosasamala kwambiri komanso wokometsetsa nsomba yaying'ono. Kwa ambiri, chidwi chokhala m'madzi chimayamba ndi ma guppies. Pulumuka mu aquarium popanda chosungira ndi kusefa. Nsomba zazing'ono zimasungidwa m'gulu la anthu osakwana 5. Zosagwirizana komanso zopanda mawonekedwe.

Barbus

Kukula kwa ma barbs sikupita masentimita 10. Mwachangu nsomba zophunzitsira zimakhala zowopsa kwa anansi ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi ziphuphu zazitali. Amakhala m'malo otetemera okhala ndi oyandikana nawo. Nsomba zodziwika bwino kwambiri zam'madzi - Sumatransky barbus ndi barbus wokhala ndi chitumbuwa.

Macropod

Nsomba za Aquarium mpaka 10cm kutalika ndi mawonekedwe osaiwalika. Amadziwika kuti ndi paradiso. Ma macro fin caudal fin amasiyanitsidwa ndi kukula kwake kwakukulu ndi mawonekedwe ake. Mamba amawala m'kuwala, opepuka. Wosasangalatsa komanso wankhanza, pomwe ndi makolo osamala.

Cockerels

Mitundu yokhala ndi zipsepse zamtambo zokhala ndi mitundu yambiri. Kutalika kwa thupi masentimita 6. Kufunafuna madzi oyera, osatinyo. Samalirani kuyanjana ndi oyandikana nawo. Nsomba zolimbana ndizovuta kuzimitsa pang'ono, cichlids, ndi zina zomwe zimadyanso. Mikangano yapakati pa abambo sichachilendo.

Acanththalmus

Nsomba zokhala ndi thupi la njoka mpaka 10c kutalika. Kukhala wa banja la matumba. Patulani nthawi pofunafuna chakudya pakati pa dothi, othandizira kuyeretsa m'madzi. Kuzindikirika ndi mtundu wachikaso chofiirira ngati ma mphete ozungulira thupi. Kusakhalako kwa masikelo kumapangitsa acanthophthalmus kukhala pachiwopsezo cha mankhwala. Mitundu ya kul ndi ma geners ndiyotchuka.

Lyalius

Mwamtendere eni ake a labu la kupumulira kwa labyrinth. Zimafunikira kukonzedwa pafupipafupi kwa aquarium ndi madzi ambiri. Kuyeretsa panthaka ndikusintha kwa madzi kuonetsetsa kuti a Lalius akhazikika. Amakula mpaka 8 cm, wopentedwa ndi mitundu yamtambo wamtambo wobiriwira ndi lalanje.

Gourami

Zovomerezeka pamtunda wam'madzi okwanira 80 malita. Gourami amafunikira chisamaliro mosamala kuposa abale wamba wamba. Ziweto zomwe zimakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndizothandiza. Marble, ngale gourami, utawaleza ndi golide zimakonda kwambiri gourami. Kuchitidwa nkhanza kwa amuna.

Neons

Mudzafunika madzi ofewa komanso pang'ono acid. Zosintha zamadzi ziyenera kukhala zopanda msoko. Nsomba za Neon sizikusowa malo akuluakulu am'madzi ndipo zimasungidwa ndi mitundu yamtendere. Kula mpaka 5 cm. Amakhala motalikirapo pamtunda wotsika kuchokera ku madigiri 18 mu gulu la oimira amitundu yawo.

Cichlids

M'mabanja acichlids mitundu yoposa 2,000. Makamaka nyama yomwe imakonda kudya nyama komanso malo ena, samalira ana. Ma cichlids amafunikira. Samalani ndikugwirizana kwa okhala m'derali ndikusungidwa kwaukhondo wa posungira. Zoyeserera zazing'ono kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, ma scalars ndi ma cichlases amtambo wakuda, ndizopadera.

Angelfish

Ma cichlids opanga ma diamondi ofika 15 cm. Zimayenda bwino komanso mwaulemu. Angelofish amakonda chakudya cham'mimba chomwe chili ndi mapuloteni ambiri. Kutentha ndi madigiri 22-26, kuyatsa kowala ndi madzi oyera afunikira.

Cichlazoma wakuda

Amatchedwanso kuti mikwingwirima ya cichloma. Yaikulu, khalani m'madzi kuchokera 100 malita. Mtundu wamizeremizere umakopa chidwi. Kusamalira kwawo kumaphatikizapo kudyetsa nthawi ndi nthawi, kubwezeretsa madzi ndikuwunika. Zosokoneza pa kutulutsa.

Somiki

Maonekedwe a mphaka ndiwodziwika, anthu ambiri amakonda mawonekedwe awo amtendere. Mopanda chidwi ndi chakudya komanso kukonza, nsomba za mphaka zimatha kupirira komanso kuchita zinthu mwamphamvu. Tengani nawo mbali yoyeretsa zakumadzi zopanda chakudya ndi zokhala pansi. Oyandikana ndi nsomba zambiri. Ma antcistruse akulu ndi makatoni ang'onoang'ono a catfish ndiofala. Mitundu yotchuka: mahatchi amangamawanga, amabanga ndi amphaka.

Malamulo osankhidwa

Nsomba zosasamala za m'madzimo zimasankhidwa potengera izi:

1. Kutengera kutentha.
   Onani zikhalidwe za mtundu wina kuti mikangano isabuke.
2. Zofunikira.
   Pakukhazikika koyenera, zofunikira zogona zimayang'aniridwa. Kutentha kotentha, acidity ndi zovuta za madzi zimaganiziridwa.
3. Kukula kwa munthu wamkulu.
   Kulingalira momveka bwino lomwe kukula kwa nsomba kudzateteza ku cholakwika wamba.
4. Katundu wazambiri
   Nsomba zazing'ono kwambiri m'malo awo okhala zimakhala m'gulu la zoweta. Pazabwino za ziweto, anthu angapo amakhala.
5. Zizolowezi zakudya
   Anthu okhala m'malo osungira amapangidwa mosiyanasiyana: kudyetsa pamaso pa madzi ndikuchotsa chakudya pansi. Njira yopanda thanzi yomwe imadwala imakhudza thanzi la ziweto.

Kugwirizana

Khazikitsani anthu okhala ngati momwemo mumakhwala. Osamaika zilombo zolusa komanso zokhala ndi nsomba zazikulu zomwe zimakhala zazing'ono zamtendere. Ngakhale nzika zazikulu zokhazokha zimatha kudya zing'onozing'ono mosadziwa. Makamu osamukira kusukulu amakhala oyandikana nawo oyipa amtundu wodekha komanso wosachedwa.

Chiwerengero cha nsomba zakukhazikika

Malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi ofunikira kuchuluka:

1. Chiwerengero cha anthu am'madzimo chimasankhidwa polingalira kuchuluka kwa madzi. 10-15% ya malo omwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zokongoletsera, mbewu ndi dothi sizimayamwa.
2. Nsomba zazikuluzikulu zimakhazikika m'malo otetezeka. Pamagetsi ang'onoang'ono oyenda ndi osambira ochokera ku malita 40 amafunikira.
3. Kuwerengera kumachitika kuchokera pakusinthana kwa oksijeni. Ngati pali mbewu ndi zina zowonjezera za mpweya, ndiye kuchuluka kwa anthu okhala m'madzimo kumachuluka. Kusungunula oksijeni, kutentha kwa madzi kumatuluka. Kuchulukana kukuwonetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa nsomba pamwambapo ngakhale zitathandizidwa bwino.
4. Nsomba zikamakula, ndizowononga zochuluka. Kuti mudziwe chiwerengero chovomerezeka cha anthu okhala m'mizindayo, muyeze kuchuluka kwa mankhwala a nayitrogeni komanso zosafunika m'madzi. Ziyeso zamadzi zimagulidwa m'malo ogulitsa nyama.
5. Mu malo osungika am'madzi ambiri, kuchuluka kwa akazi ndiochulukirapo kawiri kuposa amuna.

Malangizowa sakutengera mawonekedwe a oyimira pawokha. Msodzi aliyense wamadzi asankhe kuchuluka kwa nsomba yekha, kuwunika momwe mayendedwewo ndikupangira iwo mulingo wabwino kwambiri.

Zitsanzo

1. Malo okwanira 10 litari okhala ndi ma guppies 4, makatoni kapena neon.
2. Kwa gulu la zebrafish 4, gourami kapena lalause, thanki yama lita 20 ndi yokwanira.
3. Gulu la zipatso zokhala ndi zotchingira zipatso kapena zingwe zinayi zitha kukhazikika mu dziwe la lita 40.
4. Pa cockerel imodzi - 2 malita a madzi.
5. Ma buluu a angelfish, ma cichlases akuda kapena gourami wamkulu adzafunika malo okhala ndi malita 100.
6. Ma gourami awiri ang'ono amaikidwa mchombo cha 20 lita.
7. Mukakhazikitsa mphaka, enawo nthawi zambiri samaganiziridwa, chifukwa malo omwe amapezeka mosiyanasiyana: nsomba zam'madzi zimakhala pansi, ndipo ena onse amakhala mumtunda wapakati komanso wapamwamba.

Ngakhale nsomba zam'madzi zosasamala kwambiri zimalandira chisamaliro chocheperako. Nsomba zosasamala - zolengedwa zowonda komanso zosalimba.

Pecilia

Pecilia - nsomba zochuluka komanso zokopa. Nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mtundu wa lalanje wofiira. Ngakhale m'zaka zaposachedwa, ma pecilli ochulukirapo aku aquarium apeza utoto wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Nsomba zimalekerera bwino kuuma kwa madzi (ndithudi simungathe kuthira madzi kuchokera pampopi) ndi mpweya wochepa. Nsomba zimadyanso chakudya chapadera. Ndikokwanira kudyetsa kamodzi patsiku. Nsomba zimakhala modekha komanso zamtendere.

Azibambo

Malupanga - nsomba imakhala ndi utoto wagolide (ukhoza kunena pafupifupi ofiira). Ndiosavuta kusiyanitsa munthu wamalupanga wamkazi ndi wamwamuna. Yaikazi imakhala ndi kukula zokulirapo, ndipo mwaimuna ziphuphu zam'munsi zazitali zimadumphira. Mchira wamphongo ndi wofanana ndi lupanga. Mwa izi, nsomba adadziwika dzina. Achi Swords alinso nsomba zowoneka bwino, ngakhale sizitha kutchedwa zochezeka. Zonse chifukwa choti akuluakulu amatha kudya ana awo akangobadwa. Kuti izi zisachitike, mwini wake amayenera kuyang'anitsitsa chikazi ndipo pofika nthawi yakubala (izi zimadziwika nthawi yomweyo ndi mimba yowoneka bwino), analekanitsa mkazi payekhapayekha, ndipo atabadwa, anagwetsa mwachangu. Malupanga akuyenera kudyetsedwa kamodzi patsiku. Nsombazo ndizakudya kwambiri.

Danio rerio

Danio rerio . Kapena momwe nsomba amatchedwanso - minke whale. Nsomba zimatsogola. Pogula, ndikofunikira kuganizira zam'tsogolo. Ndikofunikira kukhala ndi nsomba zotere mu gulu la nsomba 7-10. Nsomba zimakhala ndi siliva wokhala ndi mikwaso yowala yamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kwa iwo, ngakhale kuuma kwamadzi kapena kutentha kwake sikofunikira kwenikweni. Nsomba zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kupulumuka komanso kulumpha mphamvu. Ngati munthu safuna kupha nsomba nthawi zonse, muyenera kugula malo okhala ndi chivindikiro pamwamba. Popita nthawi, asayansi adatha kusintha nsomba zamtunduwu ndikuyika ndi geni yowala. Anazika mizu bwinobwino. Masiku ano m'masitolo mungagule zinsomba zowala. Chofunikira chawo ndikuti nsomba zikamakula - zimakhala zowala kwambiri ndipo zimawala kwambiri mumdima.

Makadinala

Makadinala - nsomba zazing'ono mpaka masentimita atatu kutalika. Iyi ndi imodzi mwamadzi osasamala komanso osangalatsa kwambiri am'madzi. Makadinala si choyenera kuti kuumitse madzi ndi kutentha, sasamala za kuchuluka kwa mpweya ndi kusefedwa. Chofunikira kwambiri pa nsomba izi ndi kukhalapo kwa gulu lochepa la abale. Kuti awbereke ndi gulu la nsomba pafupifupi khumi. Makadinala amayanjana bwino ndi anthu ena ochepa okhala m'madzimo. Nsomba ndi abale athu omwe ndi matupi athu ndi crucian carp. Mbeu zakuthengo zimayikidwa m'madzi osaya, ndikugwiritsa ntchito ma shiti akuluakulu ngati chitetezo. Makadinala amaikira mazira. Amatha kusiyanitsa chachikazi ndi chachimuna pamimba yazikazi ndi yowazungulira ndi yamphongo.

Marble gourami

Marble Gourami - mitundu ya nsomba. Zinapezeka chifukwa cha kuwoloka kwa mawanga ndi ma gourami amtambo. Mtundu wa nsombazo umafanana ndi nsangalabwi. Chifukwa cha dongosolo lapadera m'manja, nsomba zimatha kupumira mpweya. Chifukwa chake, mulingo wa okosijeni m'madzi ndi wosafunikira kwenikweni. Marble gourami ndi amodzi mwa nsomba zam'madzi zamtendere kwambiri. Nsomba zimachedwa kwambiri. Kuyenda kwake kosalala komanso kosasunthika kumatha kukhazika pansi komanso kupumula usiku utatha. Ndikofunika kudyetsa nsomba kamodzi patsiku nthawi imodzi.

Zing'ono zazosungirako zazing'ono ndi cholinga chawo

Ngakhale nsomba yaying'ono kwambiri ya nsomba imayenera kukhala ndi zida zofunika:

• sefa,
• aerator
• chotenthetsera,
• kuyatsa.

Ubwino wamatanki ang'onoang'ono ndi monga izi:

• kuphatikiza
• chisamaliro chophweka
• mayendedwe oyenera.

Komabe, mphindi m'madziwe ang'onoang'ono amapezekanso. Choyamba, chifukwa cha voliyumu yaying'ono yomwe ili m'sitimayo, ndizosatheka kusunga anthu ambiri. Kachiwiri, madzi omwe amakhala m'madzimo ang'onoang'ono amadetsedwa mwachangu, motero muyenera kuyang'anira ukhondo ndi dongosolo. M'malo osungira okhala ndi madzi ambiri, sawoneka ngati ang'onoang'ono, momwe kusintha kulikonse kwa magawo a chilengedwe kumayambitsa kupsinjika kwa nsomba.

Ma aquariamu ang'onoang'ono amagawidwa m'mitundu inayi:

• Kufikira 5 l - yoyenera kukongoletsa mkati ndi kubzala. Mwachitsanzo, mu aquarium ya 2-litre mutha kuyika kakhalidwe kakang'ono kamodzi, koma akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti asunge nsomba yotere popanda nsomba, chifukwa kukhala m'malo opanikizika kumapangitsa kuti ziweto zizikhala bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizosatheka kukhazikitsa zida mumadziwe ang'onoang'ono, kotero kuti aquarium yopanda nsomba ikhale yankho laumunthu.
• Kuyambira pa 5 l mpaka 10 l - thanki yokhala ndi kusamutsidwa koteroko sikulinso koyenera kusunga zinthu zamoyo. Inde, gulu la zebrafish litha kukhala m'mathanki - phenotype imangofunika lita imodzi yokha yamadzi payekhapayekha, koma muyenera kukumbukira za kuyeretsa pafupipafupi, kukhazikitsa zida zomwe nsomba sizifa, ndi kuyang'anira magawo amadzi nthawi zonse. Chifukwa chake, akatswiri amalimbikitsanso kusunga malo opanda nsomba popanda nsomba.
• Kuyambira pa 10 l mpaka 20 l - mu 10 l ndi zina dziwe mungathe kuyika zofunikira zida ndikugula nsomba zokongola komanso zowala, komanso masamba obiriwira osabzala komanso obiriwira.
• Kuchokera pa 20 l mpaka 50 l - mu malo osungirako malo okhala ndi malo osungirako zinthu zoterezi, mutha kupereka mphamvu zamaganizidwe, ndikuyamba nsomba zazing'onoting'ono, kukonza zida ndi zokongoletsera, ndikupanga kuya kwamadzi.

Kusamalira madamu ang'onoang'ono

Kusamalira nsomba mumtsinje waung'ono kumakhala kosavuta komanso kosavuta, koma kungakhale kovuta. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ngati thankiyo yaying'ono, nthawi zambiri mumasintha madzi ndikuyeretsa makhoma ndi pansi pa botolo. Mukamasankha mawonekedwe a thankiyo, ndikofunikira kugula thanki yamakona - ndikothekera kwambiri kuyeretsa, kuwonjezera apo, m'madziwe owoneka bwino, nsomba za ku aquarium zimamva bwino.

Momwe mungasamalire zombo zazing'ono:

• kusintha kwa madzimadzi mlungu uliwonse, kusinthira kuchuluka kwa 15-20%,
• Zakudya zotsala zimatsukidwa nthawi zonse
• ikayamba kukhala yodetsedwa, yeretsani chidebe ndi chopukutira, ndikuchotsa dothi ndi malo osungira pang'onopang'ono.

Malo ocheperako okhala ndi mbeu ndiosavuta kusamalira, motero nyama zofunikira ndizofunikira dziwe laling'ono ndi nsomba. Flora ithandizanso kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa ma nitrate ndi ammonia, komanso kudzakhala malo othawirako ziweto. Zomera monga: zingabzalidwe mu aquarium popanda nsomba kapena nawo.

• Brazili lileopsis,
• Marsilia Blixa
• Anubias
• wotsutsa,
• ma fern
• kladofora.

Zida - kusefera, kuyatsa ndi makina othandizira zimathandizanso kukonza kukonza. Muwowa yaying'ono, sizingatheke popanda zosefera, chifukwa chake akatswiri amalangizidwa kusankha pampu ndi siponji kuti ayeretse madzi. Ma heater amathandizira kutentha kutentha padziwe, ndipo aerator amakwaniritsa madzi ndi mpweya. Zipangizo ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa - kutsukidwa ku litsiro ndikuwona ntchito yabwino.

Kusankhidwa kwa okhala m'mizinda yaying'ono

Kuti mudziwe nsomba zamtundu wanji zomwe zimatha kusungidwa m'madziwe ang'onoang'ono, muyenera kuyerekeza kukula kwa ziweto zomwe zimasamukira ku aquarium. Ngati voliyumu ndi 10 l, ndiye kuti ma phenotypes okhala ndi kutalika kwa thupi la 2-3 masentimita amatha kukhala ndi anthu okwanira mpaka 15 l, kukula kwake kwa anthu amatha kukhala masentimita 3-4. Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti nsomba zina za ku aquarium zimafuna malita amadzi angapo pa nsomba iliyonse: mwachitsanzo , pakufunika nsomba za Catfish - 5 l.

Ndi nsomba ziti zomwe zimakhala zoyenera tanki yaying'ono:

• Amuna ndiwo nsomba zabwino zazing'ono zam'madzi. Amuna omenyera nkhondo ali ndi mtundu wowala, wokhala ndi madzi oundana, ndipo ndi omvera kwambiri pamndende. Amuna amakhala ndi khalidwe lankhanza, chifukwa chake, mu tanki yaying'ono nthawi zambiri amakhala wamwamuna mmodzi wamwamuna ndi wamkazi 3-4. Kutalika kwake, nsomba imakula mpaka 6 cm.
• Nsomba ndi nsomba zamtendere komanso zosangalatsa zomwe zimakonda kukhala m'masukulu. Ma donuts ndi opanda ulemu, amakonda madzi ofewa komanso masamba ophika. Imakula mpaka 4 cm.
• Ziphuphu ndi nsomba zotchuka za ku aquarium zokhala ndi utoto wowala wa mitundu. Anamphaka mwakufuna kubereka, ndipo kusamalira phenotype ndikosavuta komanso kosavuta. 3-4 masentimita kutalika - amuna, akazi - 6 cm.
• Zebrafish ndi nsomba zamphamvu komanso zokongola zomwe zimakhala ndi madzi ochepa: munthu amafunikira zochepa kuposa lita. Mumakonda moyo wokhathamira ,kula mpaka 5 cm.
• Soma corridor - kufikira 5 cm ya thupi. Amakonda kukhala ndi mtundu wawo, wosadzikuza. Kwa nsomba imodzi yamtundu umodzi, malita 4-5 amadzi amafunikira.
• Makadinolo ndi nsomba zazing'ono zazitali masentimita 3-4. 3 l yamadzi ndi yofunika payekha. Makadinala ndi mafoni, amakonda madzi ozizira komanso masamba owala.
• Microassortment - nsomba yaying'ono yomwe imakula mpaka masentimita awiri okha. Phenotype ndi yonyentchera pamikhalidwe yokhala m'ndende, ndipo imawoneka bwino.
• Maso amtundu wamtambo ndi ma phenotypes amphaka, chosiyanitsa ndi maso owala, omwe amaponyedwa ndi mawonekedwe a neon. Maso amtundu wamtambo amakula mpaka 4 cm.Akhala ndi mawonekedwe ochezeka, osewera komanso amphamvu.

Akatswiri ambiri am'madzi samakonda kupha nsomba zamtundu umodzi, koma nthumwi zingapo m'mizinda yaying'ono kuti apange chithunzi chokongola ndi zosiyanasiyana.

Zosankha zopambana kwambiri pakusunga ma phenotypes osiyana a thanki yama 20 l:

• tambala womenya nkhondo ndi njiwa zitatu,
• zisanu zamphongo zisanu,
• ma gupipo 10 ndi tinsomba atatu,
• zebrafish khumi ndi microparsing khumi ndi zisanu,
• ma neon asanu ndi awiri ndi makola atatu a catfish.

Zachidziwikire, izi sizosankha zonse zokhazikika - pakhoza kukhala zambiri. Chachikulu ndichakuti nsomba zimayenererana mogwirizana ndi zofunikira, kukula ndi chilengedwe. Mukuyenera kudziwa kuti nkhanza komanso malo am'midzi yaying'ono sangathe kusungidwa.

Dziwe lochita kupanga laling'ono limatha kukongoletsa malo a chipindacho ndikwaniritsa maloto a anthu ambiri, chifukwa matanki safuna malo ambiri, ndipo kusamalira zotengera muli kosavuta. M'madzi opangidwa moyenerera, nsomba ndi mbewu zimakula ndipo sizingakule kuposa m'madziwe akuluakulu.

Ndi Aquarium uti amatchedwa yaying'ono?

Akasinja ang'onoang'ono amaphatikizapo akasinja osakwana 30- 40 l; amatchedwanso ma nano-aquariums. Nthawi zambiri amagula zinthu zamagalasi kuchokera ku malita 5 mpaka 20. Tsopano pali zida zam'madzi zogulitsa, zida zomwe zimaphatikizapo zonse zomwe mukufuna.

Ndiwotsika mtengo kwambiri kuposa ma aquariamu akuluakulu, pafupifupi malo aliwonse okhazikika ndi oyenera, kukonza mavoliyumu ocheperako kumatenga nthawi yochepa. Amakonda kuti azingoikidwa pameti.

Nsomba zazing'ono kwambiri zam'madzi

Ma malo ang'onoang'ono am'madzi mumakhala nsomba zamchere zazing'ono zazing'ono zazing'ono. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala mtundu umodzi wokha wa nsomba zomwe zimadyedwa, koma ena okhala m'madzi amatha kuwonjezeredwa ku mitundu ina yomwe imadziwika kuti ndi yamtendere. Zowona, choyambirira cha okhalamo ayenera kufufuzidwa kuti agwirizane.

Danionella dracula

Ili ndi dzina lake chifukwa cha mawonekedwe osadziwika bwino a chibwano mwa amuna ndi njira zomwe zimawoneka ngati mano. Pa nsagwada ya m'munsi pali ma fangaku, omwe amapatsa nsomba kuti ziwonekere. Kutalika kwake, toyesa wamkulu amafika masentimita 1. Mafupa ndi ziwalo zamkati zimawonekera kudzera m'thupi lowonekera. Pankhani yodyetsa, Danionella dracula ndi wopanda ulemu, chinthu chachikulu ndikuti kudyetsanso kuyeneranso kukhala kwa magawo ang'onoang'ono. Amadyetsa amatha kupatsidwa youma, m'minda yazikulu, amaundana ndiuma, amakhala, daphnia wofunda, brimp shrimp ndiwofunikira.

Nsomba zamtendere izi zimakonda kusambira zoweta, zomwe zimakhala pafupifupi abale 200, chifukwa chake zimayenera kusungidwa mgulu la toyesa pafupifupi 10.

Chifukwa cha magawo ake ocheperako, Danionella dracula amasungidwa padera mumtundu wa aquarium kapena ndi nsomba yaying'ono yomweyo. Kwa iwo, pendani aquarium kuchokera 40 malita. Malo am'madzi amayenera kukwaniritsa magawo awa: kutentha — 20-25 ° C, acidity — 6.5-7.5 pH, kuuma — 2-5 dGH.

Tetra amanda

Nsomba zodziwikirayi zimatchulidwanso kuti tetra yamoto chifukwa cha mtundu wake wa lalanje. Nthawi zambiri imafikira 1.5-2 masentimita, ndipo amuna samasiyana akazi.

Amachita zinthu momutsekera, ndipo amatha kudya zakudya zamtundu uliwonse. Amakhala m'magulu a ziweto, koma zidutswa zingapo zimatha kuyikidwa mu yaying'ono yam'madzi, zimasungidwa m'magawo apakati. Amtendere ndipo amagwirizana bwino ndi nsomba zina zazing'ono zamtendere. Mukamapanga aquarium, algae amoyo ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo kuyatsa kungakhale kwachilengedwe.

Microseeding erythromicron

Tinsomba tating'ono tating'onoting'ono taonekera posachedwa. Mikwingwirima yamdima yakuda kuchokera kumbuyoko ndikusintha kobiriwira, ndipo mchirawo uli ndi malo akuda. Amuna, zipsepse zimakhala ndi mafiyira ofiira.

Amakula pafupifupi mpaka 2 cm ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe abata omwe amalilola kuti lizisungidwa ndi nsomba zina zazing'ono zamtendere, koma amasungidwa mosiyana. Mumakonda kusambira pakati pamagawo amadzi.

Ndizovomerezeka kuyisunga mu aquarium ya 30 L yokhala ndi algae yaying'ono ndikudyetsa ndi ma fayilo osiyanasiyana. Banja la mayi m'modzi ndi abambo awiri atha kusungidwa m'mabotolo 15 a lita, pomwe atha kubereka bwino. Amakonda madzi oyera, ndipo ndikosafunika kuyika masamba a driftwood ndi masamba mumakomo awo. Amasowa kusefedwa bwino komanso kusintha kwamadzi pafupipafupi, kutentha — 20-24 ° C.

Neoheterandia Elegance

Tinsomba tating'ono tating'ono, tating'ono, tomwe timatalika mpaka 2 cm, ndipo wamkazi mpaka 2,5. Iyi ndi nsomba yamoyo yachilendo ya Pecilieva.

Kwa awiri a neoheterandria elegans, aquarium ya malita 12 ndi yokwanira. Ndizosangalatsa ndipo zimatha kudya chakudya chochepa chilichonse, koma amoyo kapena ayisikilimu ndi abwino.

Muzikonda madzi oyera ofewa. Amafuna kusefedwa ndi kusintha kwa theka la madzi. Kutentha Kovomerezeka — 24-30 ° C. Zitha kusungidwa pamodzi ndi anthu ena okhala nawo.

Fomu

Imakhala imodzi mwa nsomba zochepetsetsa kwambiri padziko lapansi. Ndibwino kuti muzisunga m'madzimo ochepa okhala ndi ma 10 mpaka 15 malita. Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kusunga gulu la formosis (pafupifupi 40-50 zidutswa) mu aquarium ya 30- 40 l.

M'magawo ang'onoang'ono, osachepera 10 ayenera kuvulala. Dziwani kuti amuna ayenera kukhala ochulukirapo katatu. Mafomu sakhala ankhanza, agwirizane ndi nsomba zambiri ndi shrimp, koma njira yabwino kwambiri ya nsomba izi ndi amodzi amitundu ina. Amakhala a nsomba zokhala ndi moyo ndipo amakhala m'mtambande ndi pakati.

Maonekedwe ndi osawoneka bwino: mtundu wa imvi wokhala ndi chingwe chakuda m'thupi, zipsepse zazing'ono zowonekera. Akazi ndi okulirapo kuposa amuna kukula. Amuna ndi pafupifupi 1.5 cm, ndipo zazikazi zimafika 3.5 cm.

Mitundu imakhala yothandiza pakudya mapulani (mphutsi zazing'ono zoyera), kuposa momwe zimayeretsera mwachilengedwe ma aquarium ochokera kwa alendo osafunikawa. Mwachilengedwe, amadya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timalowa m'madzi, chifukwa chake timakonda chakudya chamoyo. Madzi am'magazi, brine shrimp ndi tubule ndizoyenera bwino ngati chakudya. Dyetsani amalimbikitsidwa kutenga ochepa kapena osaphwanyika. Pazinthu zamtundu, kuphatikiza kwamphamvu kwamadzi ndi 22-26 ° C, koma nthawi zambiri amalekerera kuyambira 12 mpaka 30 ° C.

Mu aquarium, madzi amadzi ambiri ndi abwino. Izi nsomba sizikusowa kusintha kwamadzi pafupipafupi. Ndikwabwino kuphimba m'madzi kuchokera kumwamba, chifukwa nsomba imatha kudumphamo.

Tetradon dwarfish

Amuna a nsomba zamtunduwu nthawi zambiri amafika 2 cm ndipo amakhala ndi mtundu wosiyanitsa pang'ono, ndipo zazikazi zimakula mpaka theka la masentimita 2.5. Tetradon ikachita mantha, imatupa ngati mpira ndipo ma spikes ang'onoang'ono amayamba kuwoneka pa thupi.

Mu malo osungirako miyala okhala ndi malita 10, anthu 2-3 amatha kusungidwa. Mtundu wawo umayang'aniridwa ndi ma toni achikasu obiriwira okhala ndi mawanga amdima.

Maso awo amayenda mosadukirana. Awa ndi nsomba zopanda chidwi, koma amakonda chakudya chamoyo, mutha kupatsa chisanu. Tetradons amafunikanso kudyetsedwa nkhono, zomwe zimanoza mano awo. Izi nsomba zofunikira zimasungidwa mosiyana ndi mitundu ina.

Carnegiel Myers kapena Pygmy Pinch

Ndi nsomba yaing'ono kwambiri pabanja lodzala. Kutalika kwake, kumafikira masentimita 2.2-2.5.Ngofanana ndi onse oimira banja ili, ali ndi mawonekedwe abwinobwino amtumbo, omwe amakwezedwa mbali.

Chingwe chakumbuyo ndichowongoka, ndipo pamimba imapindika kwambiri ngati ma arc. Thupi lowala, lowoneka bwino limakhala ndi maolivi oyipa, ndipo m'malo am'mimba muli timadontho tosiyanasiyana, mzere wakuda umadutsa msana.

Nsomba zamanyazi izi zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zizisungidwa m'mazira asanu. Malo am'madzi okhathamira bwino: kutentha — 23-25 ​​° C, kuuma — pH 5.5-6.5, acidity — dH 10-20. Payenera kukhala kusinthasintha kwamadzi, kuthandizira komanso kusefera. Chakudya chouma komanso chamoyo ndichabwino. Carnegiel pygmy imadyedwa kuchokera pansi pamadzi kapena pakati. Chakudya chomwe chimagwera pansi, samazindikira.

Ponde yakhonde

Mphaka wamtunduwu amakula mpaka masentimita 2-3 okha. Imakhala ndi thupi lonyezimira la maonekedwe achikaso chagolide achikasu ndi maolivi okhala ndi malo amdima, tating'ono.

Akazi ndi okulirapo pang'ono kuposa amuna. Amakhala mu gulu ndipo limagwirizana ndi ena ochepa okhala m'madzimo. Zinthu zingapo zimatha kusungidwa m'malo am'madzi ang'onoang'ono.

Amakhala pakatikati pamadzi ndipo amakonda kuyika pansi. Imadyera pamiyeso ing'onoing'ono ya nsomba. Fyuluta, kukonzanso ndi kusintha kwa gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a madzi kumafunika.

Nannostomus Marginatus

Thupi laling'ono (2-33,5 cm) la nsomba yam'madziyi limakhala ndi mikwingwirima yayitali komanso thupi lalitali. Mumdima, amasintha mtundu wake, umasinthika.

Amalangizidwa kuti azisunga gulu la zidutswa zopitirira 10 pamalo am'madzi okwanira 30-40 malita, koma gulu laling'ono likhoza kusungidwa muzopanda zing'onozing'ono. Amatha kuyanjana ndi nsomba zina zamtendere. Amakonda kupezeka kwa masamba obiriwira am'madzi komanso dothi lakuda.

Ndizosavomerezeka kudyetsa, zimaloledwa kumangodyetsa zochepa zouma, koma mutha kubwezeretsa zakudya zawo ndi daphnia ndi artemia. Zosefera komanso kusintha kwamadzi sabata iliyonse kumafunikira.

Amakonda kukhalapo kukongoletsa kwa mabatani omwe amakhutitsa madzi ndi ma tannins, kuyatsa kosalala, kusambira pamtunda wapamwamba komanso wapakati.

Kufufuza

Tinsomba tating'onoting'ono ta banja la cyprinid, lomwe limasungidwa kwambiri m'gulu. Amtendere komanso mafoni. Kukula kwa nsomba zamtunduwu ndizotalika 1,3 mpaka 10 cm.

• Brigitte. Nsomba zazing'ono kwambiri kuchokera ku cyprinids, zomwe zimangofika masentimita 1,3 mpaka 22. Thupi lake limapakidwa utoto wowala bwino. Khalani ndi mikwingwirima m'mbali,
• Hengel. Kutalika kwakukulu kuli pafupifupi 3 cm. Ndiwotuwa, koma pambali pali Mzere wa neon, wowoneka bwino kwambiri pakuwunika koyenera,
• Galasi. Kusanthula kumeneku kunawonekera posachedwa, kumakula mpaka masentimita 3 mpaka 3,5. Chifukwa cha kupatsika kowoneka bwino ndi mitundu yambiri, kumatchedwanso firework,
• cuneiform (heteromorph). Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino kwambiri, kutalika kwa 4-5,5 masentimita ndi masikelo a siliva kapena agolide ndi mawanga amdima owoneka bwino m'mbali.

Parsings zimaswana mosavuta, mosasamala kwa mndende. Zodyetsa zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito zouma komanso zachisanu, pazigawo zazing'ono. M'malo akukhala ayenera algae, kumphatikiza iye chakudya chakudya. Amasungidwa m'madzi apamwamba. Optimum muli kutentha kutentha — 24-26 ° С; kusinthanitsa nthawi zonse gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a madzi ndikofunikira. Gulu la nsomba zamtunduwu kuchokera kwa anthu 8-10 limalimbikitsidwa kuti lizisungidwa m'madzi kuchokera ku malita 50, koma malo ocheperako okhala ndi oyenera zidutswa zingapo.

Malamulo akukhazikitsa nsomba zazing'ono

Mukamadzaza nano-aquarium, akatswiri a m'madzi akutsimikizira kuti muyenera kutsatira malamulo otsatirawa:

• nsomba zazing'ono mpaka 4 cm (kadinala, neon, guppy ndi zina) zimatha kusungidwa m'malo ocheperako okhala ndi kuchuluka kwa malita 10-30. Ziwerengero zoterezi zimawonedwa - pafupifupi lita imodzi ikuyenera kugwa pa munthu m'modzi.
• Nthawi zambiri mpaka 6 masentimita amaonedwa ngati ochepa. Kwa iwo, osankha malita 20 amasankhidwa. Pankhaniyi, munthu ayenera kuganizira kuchuluka kotero - malita 2,5 pa munthu aliyense. Ngati aquarium ndi yayikulu kwambiri (voliyumu 400-500 l), ndiye kuti lita imodzi ikhale pa munthu m'modzi.
• kwa nsomba zazing'ono, mpaka 10 cm m'litali (malupanga, ma mollies, Kongo, nsomba za utawaleza ndi zina), muyenera kusankha mtunda wautali (osachepera 1 mita) kuti pakhale malo oyenda. Voliyumu yomwe ikulimbikitsidwa ili ndi pafupifupi malita 150. Mmodzi wotere amafunika malita atatu,
• ndikofunikira kulingalira zikhalidwe za anthu okhala m'madzi, - kaya nsomba ndi kusukulu kapena ayi,
• nsomba zazing'ono siziyenera kudyedwa ndi zoyerekeza zodya nyama, chifukwa ukatero ungawauze,
• sikofunikira kuti nsomba zisungidwe zamakhalidwe ndi machitidwe am'madzi momwemo. Anthu ena ndiwotopa, pomwe ena amangoyendayenda, pomwe ena amakonda kusambira m'makomo.
• posankha mitundu, anthu ayenera kusankhidwa ndi zofananira za magawo am'madzi ndi kuyatsa,
• dzazani thupi lonse lamadzi. Chifukwa chake, nsomba zina zimangomvera gawo lawo ndipo ngati zitatenga malo ambiri, ndiye kuti zotsalazo zina sizikhala zovuta. Ndikofunikira kuganizira mawonekedwe amodzi a omwe akuyimira madzi padziko lapansi ndikakhala pa ndege yoyima - ena amakhala pafupi ndi pansi, ena amakhala mkati mwa madzi, ndipo enanso amakonda kuwaza mozungulira
• mutakonzekeretsa nsomba ndi kuibzala ndi zomera, musathamangire kuti mudzazame nthawi yomweyo. Muyenera kudikirira mpaka tizilombo tambiri titachulukitsa mkati mwa sabata limodzi kapena awiri,
• tengani nthawi yanu kuthamangitsa anthu atsopano. Choyamba muzimutsuka m'matumba a nsomba pansi pa madzi kuchokera pa mpopi ndikuyiyika mu nano-aquarium kwakanthawi mpaka kutentha kuzilingana. Kenako muyenera kuwonjezera phukusi lamadzi aku aquarium ndikumasiyira nsombazo mphindi 15 zokha pambuyo pake,
• Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti alendo obwera kumene asungidwe m'malo okhala m'madzimo ndipo pang'onopang'ono amazolowera zinthu zina zatsopano, ndikuwonjezera madzi ochokera ku aquarium.

Malo ocheperako pansi amatenga malo pang'ono, koma amakondweretsa maso monga akulu. Ndiosavuta kusamalira, koma njira zingapo zaukhondo komanso zodzitetezera (kuchotsa madzi, kuyeretsa, kuchotsa tizilombo, kusintha dothi ndi mbewu) zimapangidwa nthawi zambiri. Ndikofunikira kuwerengetsa moyenera kuchuluka kwa okhalamo okhala ndi zotengera zazing'onoting'ono. Oyamba kumene ayenera kusankha nsomba zosasamala kwambiri komanso zomera zomwe zimakula pang'onopang'ono. Koma adzafunikira kuwunikira pafupipafupi momwe angakonzekerere. Koma pazinthu zochepa ngati izi mutha kusintha malo, mbewu ndi kupanga mamangidwe atsopano.

Malingaliro odziwika

Nsomba zosasamala zomwe zimayambira m'madzi oyambira ziyenera kukwaniritsa izi:

• kukhala wabwino pa chakudya,
• kutha kuloleza kusinthasintha kwamitundu yamadzi popanda kuvulaza thanzi,
• kutha kusintha mogwirizana ndi momwe zinthu zasinthira,
• kutha kukhalapo pansi pa malo osungirako otentha osafunikira kupangika ndi kukonza magawo apadera (mwachitsanzo, kutentha pang'ono, kuchuluka kwa mchere m'madzi, ndi zina zotere),
• athe kulekerera kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kwa nyengo (kugunda kwanjala, kusowa kwa thandizo, etc.),
• kusatetezeka kumatenda.

Mndandanda wa mitundu yomwe imakwaniritsa izi ndi monga mayina awa:

Kutengera ndi mafotokozedwe amtunduwu, woyambitsa akhoza kusankha omwe ali oyenera kukhala m'madzi ake.

Pecilia

Pecilia ndi nsomba yokonda kukopa yamtchire, yosiyanitsidwa ndi kukula kwawo kocheperako, mawonekedwe abata ndi mtundu wowala. Amakhala osasinthasintha magawo azachilengedwe komanso okhala ndi malo okhala ngati malo osungirako zotentha. Pecilia samasamala za chakudya ndipo amatha kudya zonse zouma komanso zamoyo. Izi nsomba zimagwirizana ndi mitundu ina ya kukula kofanana. Pecilia salekerera kuperewera kwa oxygen kwa nthawi yayitali, kotero kuti m'madzi omwe ali nawo azikhala ndi zida zopopera.

Neons si nsomba zam'madzi zambiri zosasamala, koma mukatsatira zofuna zake, zomwe sizikukumana nazo sizingayambitse mavuto ngakhale oyamba kumene. Izi nsomba zimadziwika ndi kukula kochepa, mtundu wowala komanso mawonekedwe amtendere. Zisungeni m'gulu la anthu 10 kapena kuposerapo. Neons amakonda malo osungiramo nyama obzalidwa ndi dimba, samakhala omasuka mumipanda yopanda maluwa komanso zokongoletsera. Mtunduwu umakonda madzi ofunda ofunda. Neon ayenera kudyetsedwa ndi chakudya choyandama m'madzi: daphnia achisanu ndi ma cyclops, mawongo amwazi ndi ma flakes owuma.

Swordsman

Wosolola malupanga ndi nsomba zokulirapo komanso yayikulu komanso yowoneka bwino: Amuna akumisala ya kumapazi ali ndi lupanga lofanana ndi lupanga. Malupanga sachita manyazi, amayenda ndipo amayang'ana. Samasamala za chakudya ndipo amatha kulekezera mzere wautali wa njala, pomwe amadya nyemba. Malo osungirako miyala okhala ndi malupanga akuyenera kukhala ndi fyuluta ndi compressor. Tombayo ikhoza kubzalidwa ndi mbewu, koma nsomba ziyenera kukhala ndi malo okwanira kusambira.

Mollinsia

Molliesia ndi nsomba zosasangalatsa za viviparous zomwe zimafunikira kuti zigwirizane ndi magawo a madzi pamlingo wopatsidwa.Amadziwika ndi kukula kwapakatikati, mtundu wowala wa monochromatic (wakuda kwambiri) kapena wamawanga, wopatsa chidwi komanso wamtendere. Mu aquarium, mollies ndi mafoni ndipo amawoneka nthawi zonse. Mtunduwu suleza kutentha kwambiri ndikuchepetsa kutentha mpaka 25 ° C kapena kuchepera. Chinyezi chimakonda pang'ono zamchere (pH 7-8), ndi nsomba zina za pecilli.

Khonde

Makonde ndi akambuku omwe amakhala ndi moyo wabwino kwambiri. Izi nsomba sizomwe zimakhala zankhanza ndipo zimagwirizana ndi oimira mitundu yawo, komanso ndi ena okhala m'madzimo. Amatha kukhala m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana, koma samakonda kusinthasintha kwawo: chilengedwe chiyenera kukhala chokhazikika. Magawo kapena malo ena okhala ayenera kukhalapo dziwe, pomwe nsomba zimabisala masana. Zakudya za m'makola ziyenera kumira, chifukwa nsomba izi zimadya, kutolera chakudya kuchokera pansi kapena kuchokera m'nthaka.

Cockerel

Cockerel ndiwowoneka bwino kwambiri komanso nthawi imodzimodzi ndi chiweto chomwe chimakhala chosavuta kusamalira. Chifukwa cha kuthekera kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wam'mlengalenga kupuma, abambo amamva bwino m'madzi opanda ma oxygen omwe amaperekedwa mwangozi. Izi nsomba ndi wodekha komanso wopanda ntchito, chifukwa chake amatha kukhala mu iliyonse, ngakhale zazing'ono kwambiri. Ziwawa zamtundu wa intra zimadziwika ndi amuna achimuna, chifukwa chake, ziyenera kusungidwa zokhazokha, komabe, zolumikizana zolumikizana ndi mitundu ina yosakhala yankhanza ndizotheka.

Taracatum

Som tarakatum ndi nsomba yosankhika yoyenera ku aquarium yamitundu yambiri. Mtunduwu umapezeka m'gulu la anthu 2-4, womwe umakhala ndi malita 40 a madzi nsomba iliyonse. Mphaka za m'matchire zimakonda kukhala ndi moyo wabwino komanso kusonkha chakudya kuchokera kumtunda komanso kuchokera kunthaka. Tarakatum amakonda kukumba gawo lapansi, chifukwa chake, mbewu zobzalidwa ziyenera kukhala ndi mizu yamphamvu. Ndikofunikira kukonzekeretsa aquarium ndi fyuluta ndi compressor. Kuwala kumakhala kuzimiririka.

Kumvera

Minga iyi ndi magulu amtendere apakatikati ophunzirira. Mbali yodziwika bwino yamtunduwu ndi nkhokwe yayikulu yakuda. Minga ndizogwirizana ndi mitundu ina yosakhala yankhanza, koma nsomba zophimba zimadina zipsepse. Ma aquarium omwe ali ndi nsomba zamtunduwu amalimbikitsidwa kuti abzalidwe ndi zomera ndikukongoletsedwa ndi snags ndi malo ena achitetezo. Kuunikira mwina bwino. Kutentha kumakonda kutentha kuposa 22 ° C komanso malo osalowerera, koma amatha kusintha nyengo zosiyanasiyana. Samasankha chakudya.

Pomaliza

Woyambitsa nsomba wazam'madzi, monga anthu okhala dziwe loyamba lochita kupanga, ayenera kuyamba nsomba zam'madzi zam'madzi. Mikhalidwe yam'mizinda yaoyambira siyokhazikika nthawi zonse ndipo imatha kusintha motsogozedwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Izi zimatha kudwala kapena kufa kwa mitundu yovuta ya nsomba. Mutha kupewa mavuto podzaza nsomba zam'madzi ndi zolimba. Mutatha kuphunzira za kusunga nsomba zamtundu wosavuta, mutha kupitiliranso ku zina zovuta.

Ngati mumakonda nkhaniyo kapena muli ndi chowonjezera, siyani ndemanga zanu.