Monocle Cobra (Albino) (Naja kaouthia) opezeka ku India, Kampuchea, Nepal, Sikkim, Burma, Thailand, Vietnam ndi kumwera chakumadzulo kwa China. Amathilira mabotolato okhala ndi chinyezi, amatsatira mitsinje ya madzi osefukira, mitengo yamangati ndi macheke ampunga. Koma imapezekanso m'nkhalango, m'madambo, komanso paminda yaulimi ngakhale m'mizinda, ndipo cobra imakwezeka m'mapiri mpaka kumtunda kwa 1000 m.
Kufotokozera ndi moyo
Kutalika kwake ndi 120-150 cm. Monocle Cobra - Njoka yankhanza komanso yamanjenje yomwe ili ndi poizoni wambiri. Imagwira makamaka dzuwa litalowa. Combo cha monocle chimadya nyama zazing'ono zazing'ono, abuluzi, mbalame ndi abuluzi, ndi njoka zina. Achule amakhala ozunzidwa ndi njoka zazing'ono.
Kuswana
Achikulire pakugonana monocle cobras kukhala wazaka 3-4. Nthawi yakukhwima imayamba kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Januware. Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yakukula, anyani amakana chakudya, pomwe akazi akupitiliza kudya. Wamkazi amayikira mazira 40-50 patatha masiku angapo atakhwima. Chiwerengero cha mazira mu clutch chimasiyana kuchokera pa 10 mpaka 35. Kuyika nyama zazing'ono kumayamba tsiku la 50-60 ndipo kumatha kukhala mpaka masiku 5. Njoka zomwe zimatuluka mazira zimayamba kulira ndikutsegula chitseko ngati zili pachiwopsezo.
Zotsatsa.
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Kufa kwa Jungle
Palibe chifukwa chilichonse kuti njoka zazikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi zimatchedwa King cobra. Kukula kwakukulu kwa munthu wamkulu kumakhala kwa mamita atatu kapena anayi, koma pali zitsanzo zaumwini zomwe zimafika kutalika kwa mamita asanu ndi theka. Chamoyo chakuwonongekachi chitha kupezeka ku India, Southern China, Malaysia ndi Indonesia, Great Sunda Islands ndi Philippines. King cobra amakonda magawo obisika a m'nkhalango, amakula ndi udzu wandiweyani kapena udzu wautali, koma nthawi zina amapezeka m'midzi yomwe amakhala. Ndikosavuta kuzindikira kuti: pamutu pa chifuwa chachifumu kumbuyo kwa mutu kuli zikopa zisanu ndi imodzi zikuluzikulu. Thupi la njokayo, lomwe limakhala ndi mtundu wamtambo wonyezimira, limalumikizidwa ndi mphete zakuda, zonyezimira komanso zopyapyala pafupi ndi mutu ndi lakuthwa komanso lalifupi pafupi ndi mchira.
Njokayo imasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe oyipa komanso chizolowezi chosasangalatsa chothamangitsa mdani wakeyo akafuna kuthawa. A King Cobra amasambira ndikukwera mitengo bwino, motero nkovuta kubisala. Zowona, kupsa mtima kwa njokayo kufotokozedwa mophweka. Nthawi zambiri, kuzunzika kwake kumakhala kofanana ndi kuteteza chisa chokhala ndi mazira. Apaulendo omwe adakumana ndi mfumu cobra m'nkhalango ndipo adawakakamiza kuti awombere kapena kuthawa, kuyankhula, poyang'ana pang'ono, chiwopsezo chopanda pake cha nyama yosungirako nyama. Komabe, sangakayikire kuti adutsa chisa cha njoka.
Inde, zosadabwitsa, mfumu cobra ndiyo njoka yokha yomwe imamanga chisa cha obwera pambuyo pake. Cobra cobs udzu ndi masamba owuma kukhala mulu ndi thupi lake, mpaka pilo yotsika ozungulira. Atayikira mazira pamenepo (nthawi zambiri kuyambira zidutswa makumi awiri mpaka makumi anayi), njokayo imakhazikika pamwamba ndiku "ayamwa", monga zokometsera
... kapena udani?
mbalame. Nthawi zina zazikazi zimasinthidwa ndi bambo wa ana, komanso mayi, amakhala wokonzeka nthawi iliyonse kuti amasuke ndi kulanga aliyense amene akudutsa, kaya ndi wamwamuna kapena nyama.
Zowona, njoka itabadwa, makolo amasiya kuwasamalira. Koma ma cobras ang'ono safuna kutetezedwa ndipo kuyambira ali mwana amatha kupeza chakudya chawo.
Ku India, cobra yachifumu ikugwedezeka kwambiri. Chifukwa chimodzi ndikuti njoka zimadya kwambiri njoka. Pamodzi ndi njoka zosavulaza, zakudya zake zimaphatikizaponso mikanda, yomwe poizoni wake ndi woipa kwambiri padziko lapansi, komanso mamba wamba. Ichi ndichifukwa chake cobra yachifumu imapatsidwa dzina la sayansi, lomwe limatanthauzira kuti "amadya njoka".
Zoopsa za mfumu cobra ndizolimba, koma choopsa ndichakuti njokayo imatulutsa nthawi yomweyo zochuluka, pafupifupi mamiligamu asanu ndi limodzi. Kuluma kamodzi kumakhala kokwanira kupha njovu wamkulu, ngakhale munthu.
Zozizwitsa zakuchiritsa
Anthu ambiri amafa chifukwa cholumidwa ndi mfumu cobra. Ngakhale ma seramu samapulumutsa nthawi zonse. Koma pali, komabe, kawirikawiri kwambiri, komanso zopambana zopulumutsa. Ndipo mlandu wosiyana kwambiri ndi womwe udachitika zaka zingapo zapitazo ku India: mfumu yayikulu yamamitala italiitali yosanja inkakonda kupita kwa wansembe wamodzi wa akachisi ambiri aku India. Malinga ndi miyambo ya kuderali, ndunayo idathira mkaka ndipo, ndikumwa, cobra idachoka kukachisi modekha. Koma njoka italandira chithandizo, mwadzidzidzi idachita ukali. Anaukira wansembeyo ndikuluma dzanja lake. Pambuyo pake kunachitika zachilendo: kumasula chiphe chake chonse, njokayo inagwa pansi, kuyambira, malinga ndi ndunayo, kuti ikalavule magazi ”ndipo inamwalira patatsala mphindi zochepa. Wansembeyo yekha, adapita kuchipatala ndikumapulumuka, akuti Mulungu Shiva adamupulumutsa. Chodabwitsa kwambiri ndikuti pamene njokayo idaphunziridwa mosamala ndi akatswiri, sizinapeze chilichonse cha imfa yankhanza kapena kuwonongeka kwamkati mwa ziwalo. Chifukwa chomwe cobra adamwalira - sichinali chinsinsi.
Chochitika china chowopsa chinachitika ku India komweko zaka zisanu zapitazo. Adotolo a m'mudzi yaying'ono anali kugwira ntchito m'munda wake pamene njoka idanyamula mosabisa udzu wokulira. Mhindu movutikira adatulutsa mpeni ndikudula mutu wa chiweto. Koma sindinathe kumutsegulira mano. Poizoni anali atayamba kale kuchitapo kanthu, kunalibe malo oti angadikire thandizo, ndipo kuti apulumutse moyo wake, Mhindu anachitanso zokhazo zomwe anali nazo mphamvu. Ndi mpeni womwewo, adadula theka la dzanja lake, ndikuphatikizanso njoka. Mwamunanso adakwanitsa kupulumuka.
Zosangalatsa zoyera
Monga tanena kale, ngakhale njoka ili itavulala bwanji, Amwenye amapembedza mfumuyi. Mfumu yokhala ndi mitu isanu ndi iwiri cobra Shesh Naga amagwira ntchito ngati kama ndi chitetezo kwa mulungu Vishnu. Nthawi zambiri m'makachisi mumakhala zithunzi za Vishnu zitayimirira pansi pa khoma la chimphona chachikulu chija. Mu tsitsi lalitali la Shiva, ziwonetsero za njoka zazing'ono zimapangidwanso - zisonyezo zamphamvu ndi nzeru zake zamatsenga. Amwenye amati mfumu cobra ndi imodzi mwa njoka zomwe zimamvetsetsa zopatulika zopatulika - mawu. Njoka iyi ili ndi chiyero komanso chiyero, ndipo imatchedwa kuti ibweretse chuma kunyumba ndikuiteteza kwa adani. Maonekedwe a cobra yachifumu mkachisi ndi chochitika chopatulika. Chifukwa chake, mu Seputembara 2005, mfumu yoyera ya cobra idadzikokera mu templeu lachihindu la ku Malaysia nthawi ya msonkhano pomwe ndipo idadziphimba ndi chifanizo cha m'modzi mwa oyera mtima. Ma parishiwo adawoneka ngati njoka ya albino ngati chizindikiro chochokera kumwamba, ndipo zopereka za chakudya ndi zakumwa za cobra komanso ndalama zoyikirira kachisi zidakonzedwa mwachangu mkachisi. Njoka inali kukacheza ”kwa masiku angapo ndipo munthawi imeneyi malo opembedzera anali kuchezera alendo opitilira 4,000.
Ma cobras amatetezedwa ku India osati ndi chipembedzo chokha, komanso ndi malamulo adziko. Mu 1972, boma lidakhazikitsa lamulo loletsa kufunika kopha cobras. Wochimwayo amakhala m'ndende zaka zitatu. Pakati ndi kumwera kwa dzikolo kuli malo ena osungirako nyama zapamtunda. Ndipo mu 2002, ngakhale chipatala chapadera chothandizira njoka zamtchire zomwe zidavulala m'nkhalango zidawonekera ku India.
Zikondwerero za njoka
Kamodzi pachaka, Amwenye amapanga phwando la cobras lachifumu. Tinalemba kale za iye, amatchedwa Nagapanchi. Chifukwa chake, patsiku lino pali kupembedza kwapadera kwa a nagas - Royal cobras. Ahindu amatulutsa njoka m'nkhalangomo, amawamasula m'makachisi ndi m'misewu, kuwapatsa uchi ndi maswiti ena ndikumwa iwo mkaka. Anthu amawakulunga njoka mozungulira mitu yawo, ndikuyimangirira m'khosi mwawo, ndikukulunga m'manja. Ndipo zomwe ndizosangalatsa kwambiri: palibe njoka imayesera kuluma winawake. Koma ndi iwo pangani zinthu zowopsa. Chifukwa chake, mwachitsanzo, amuna amapikisana omwe njoka yawo ndi yayitali. Amatenga chimtengatenga ndi mchira, ndikumata mamba pansi pazomangira zozungulira ndi ndodo ndikuyikweza pamwamba. Yemwe ali ndi mutu wanjoka adzakhala wamkulu kwambiri. Ndipo zonsezi sizichitika ndi njoka zovulaza, koma ndi enieni a cobras omwe abwera kuchokera m'nkhalango. Amwenye amakhulupirira kwambiri nthanoyi, yomwe imatsimikiziridwa mobwerezabwereza ndi zomwe amachita, kuti patchuthi cha Nagapanchi, njoka siziluma aliyense.
Pamapeto pa chikondwererochi, okhalamo mosamala amatengera nkhosazo zotopa kubwerera ku nkhalango ndikuyambiranso kuziwopa, mpaka tchuthi chotsatira.
Ngati cobra iyemwini abwera mchipinda chanyumba ngati alendo osamuitana, ndiye kuti samamupha, koma yesani kuwasangalatsa ndi zopereka ndikuwalimbikitsa kuti asavulaze anthu okhala. Pakagwa mvula yambiri, mimbulu imayeserera kuchoka m'nkhalango ndikubisala m'nyumba za anthu. Midzi iliyonse ikagwidwa ndi adani otere, okhala m'mudzimo amasiya nyumba zawo ndikupempha thandizo kwa wochotsa njoka wapafupi kuti athe kuthandiza anthu amtunduwu popanda kupweteka. Ndipo m'nyumba zina zolemera, ma cobras achifumu nthawi zonse amakhala pamankhwala okhala ndi ziweto - ziweto za banja lonse komanso alonda abwino. Ma cobras apakhomo amasiyanitsa eni ake ndi alendo, ndipo ngati angathe kuloledwa kulandira chithandizo chaulere, osadziwika osayenera ndi bwino osakhala nawo.
Monocle Cobra Bite
Uthenga Arslan Valeev »Nov 01, 2015 5: 34 pm
Tipitiliza kuwonetsa zotsatira za kulumidwa ndi njoka zosiyanasiyana. Pali lingaliro lakale lakale lomwe kuti mu njoka, chiphe chimawononga minofu, pomwe ma spid (cobras, mambas, njoka zamakhola), zimayipa poizoni, zomwe sizili choncho. Zoyipa za njoka iliyonse yoopsa imakhala ndi chiyambi chovuta, nthawi zambiri pamakhala magawo azinthu zomwe zimachitika mderalo komanso mosiyanasiyana, mopitilira muyeso, kuwonjezera apo, zovuta zomwe zimaletsa misempha zimagawidwa mu mitundu yambiri, mwa njira yowonetsera.
Pa chithunzi pansipa, zotsatira zofala kwambiri pambuyo kulumidwa ndi cobra, munthu adapita necrosis yakomweko, chinthu choyipa. Monocle adanditumiziranso kwa yemwe, koma zonse zidapita munjira yodulidwamo ya mitsempha (yotsika), ndidali ndi mwayi, ngakhale necrosis iyomwe imatha kuyamba ngakhale patatha milungu iwiri kupita kwa kazembe woluma, njirayo ndiyosachedwa ndipo ngakhale yosavomerezeka kuyambira pachiyambipo.
Inde, pali kusiyanasiyana mu ufumu wa njoka, ena othandizira ali ndi poizoni wothandizila mitsempha, koma awa ndi mitundu yodziwika. Tikuthokoza chifukwa cha chidwi chanu, bongetet kwa iwo omwe akadali kudya pafupi ndi kompyuta))
Njira zodzitetezera kuti zisasungike cobra
Mukamalankhula ndi njoka izi, simungathe kulakwitsa, chifukwa poizoni wawo ndiowopsa. Monocle cobras imangokhala ndi osunga omwe adziwa.
Monocle Cobra (Naja kaouthia).
Chofunika kwambiri ndikupanga dongosolo loti muchite kuluma. Muyenera kudziwa dokotala yemwe ali ndi chidziwitso pakuthandizira poyizoni ndipo amadziwa momwe angagwiritsidwire ntchito mankhwala opha tizilombo. Onetsetsani kuti pali mwayi wopeza seramu. Nthawi iliyonse mukagonana ndi nkhanu yozungulira, muyenera kuyimitsa bandeji, zitsulo zamagalimoto, ndi foni m'manja. Mukamatsatira njira zotetezazi, kuluma mwayi woti mupulumuke kukwera kwambiri.
Zida zapadera pakusunga monoble cobra
Mu terarium yokhala ndi mamba amodzi, malo okhala otsekedwa amakakamizidwa. Ndikofunika kuti mupange malo okhala mumalo ozizira komanso otentha. Mutha kupanga izi m'mphepete mwa plywood powakonzekeretsa ndi zitseko zotsekeka kuti athe kugwiritsa ntchito zingwe ndi loko. Zisungiko zotere zimapangitsa kuti ntchitoyi ikhale yophweka komanso yopanda zovuta, chifukwa zimatha kusiyanitsa njokayo.
Popeza cobra ndi njoka yolusa kwambiri komanso yowopsa, malo othawirako kapena otetezedwa ayenera kukhala otseka.
Cobra imatengedwa kawirikawiri - pokhapokha pakufunika, mwachitsanzo, kuchotsa khungu lotsalira mutatha kukhetsa kapena kuchita mankhwala. Kuti muchotse khungu, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito machubu owoneka ndi pulasitiki okhala ndi mabowo ambiri. Njoka ikakhala mkati, khungu limachotsedwa kudzera mumabowo ndi ma tonne. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti mudziteteze, kuphatikiza apo, njoka zomwe zimagwiridwa m'manja zimalandira kupsinjika, ndipo mu chubu mumakhala omasuka.
Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito matumba apadera. Pali chovala china m'mphepete mwa chikwama chotere, mothandizidwa ndi chovala ichi mutha kuyika mwachangu komanso popanda chiopsezo. Matumba oterowo ndi olimba kwambiri, amapangidwa ndi nsalu ya parachute, amagwira ntchito ngakhale akugwira ntchito ndi cobras yayikulu.
Njoka zambiri zam'banja la aspid ndizovuta kwambiri komanso sizigwira ntchito, kupatula kuti siziri zazing'ono kukula, zonsezi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa pakupanga malo opanga mizere.
Monocle cobra albino.
Dothi limatha kupangidwa kuchokera ku nyuzipepala; sedge mulch ndi ma spen shavings imakhalanso njira yabwino. Koma manyuzipepala ndiosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, chifukwa njokayo imatha kumeza zigawo pazakudya.
Malo okhala otsekedwa amakhala mumakona otentha komanso ozizira. Pakona kotentha, mpweya umatenthedwa mpaka 27-27 madigiri, ndipo pakona kozizira, kutentha kumayenera kutsika - 20-16 madigiri.
Malo oopsa okhala ndi mamba am'madzi amalavulidwa kangapo pa sabata. Kuti muchotse chinyezi, palinso chidebe chamadzi momwe njoka imakwanira. Masana masana nthawi ya chilimwe ndi maola 16 ndi maola 12 mukugwa, masika ndi nthawi yozizira.
Nyama zazing'ono zimasungidwa zofanana, koma m'malo ang'onoang'ono. Pazifukwa izi, osayenera a pulasitiki ndi oyenera.
Muyenera kudziwa kuti kukhudza mazira a nkhanu ndizoletsedwa.
Monocle cobras amakhala ndi chidwi, koma nthawi yomweyo amadya nyama yaying'ono. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kupatsa cobra kutalika kwa thupi lopitilira theka la mita osati wokula wamkulu, koma mbewa 3-4. Amadyetsedwa nthawi imodzi m'masabata awiri. Akuluakulu pafupifupi masentimita 120 kutalika amadyetsedwa nthawi imodzi m'masabata awiri, kuwapatsa makoswe awiri.
Njoka zazing'ono zimadyetsedwa mbewa zatsopano. Kudyetsa ana ang'onoang'ono nthawi zambiri kumadutsa popanda mavuto.
Mbewa ya ayisikilimu imasungunuka m'madzi ofunda ndikupatsidwa njoka pa ma tweezers. Ngati cobra sanadye chakudya, chimasiyidwa pafupi ndi pogona usiku. Ngati izi sizithandiza, ndiye kuti chakudya chimasiyidwa ndi njokayo mumtsuko yaying'ono. Izi zimagwira nthawi zambiri, koma ngati sichoncho, nsomba zazing'ono zimaperekedwa kwa asungwana, ndipo njoka sizitha kuzikana. Njoka zambiri zikamadya mwachangu, njoka zimadutsa mbewa.
Choyamba, mbewa amazichotsa ndi nsomba, kenako amapatsidwa monga choncho. Njoka zazing'ono zimakula kwambiri kangapo pa sabata.
Monocle cobras amakonda kudya nsomba mwachangu.
Kubereketsa mamba onenepa
Ngati mukutsimikizira kudyetsedwa koyenera, ndiye kuti kutha kwachilengedwe kumapezeka mu zaka 3, kuyambira pano njoka zimatha kubala. Kuboola koyamba kumachitika nthawi zambiri ndi thupi la njoka kutalika pafupifupi masentimita 120. Njoka izi zimatha kubala ana kwa nthawi yayitali, zazikazi zimatha kupanga zigawo zokhala ndi zaka 15 komanso 20.
Kuti akonze mamba onenepa, amasiya kudyetsa mwezi umodzi chisanu chisanachitike. Izi zimachitika mu Seputembala, pomwe zimapitilirabe ndi njoka pamawonekedwe wamba, koma nthawi ya masana imachepetsedwa mpaka maola 12. Terrarium kupopera ikuchitika 3 pa sabata. Mu Okutobala, Kutentha ndi kuyatsa kwazimitsidwa kwathunthu. M'machitidwe otere, njoka zimakhala ndi Ogasiti onse.
Madzi ayenera kukhala mu terrarium lapansi. Mwezi wa Novembala, amatembenuka ndi kukonza kutalika kwa tsiku kwa maola 12, mkati mwa Novembala, njoka zayamba kale kudyetsa. Pakadali pano, njoka ndizanjala, zazikazi zimadya nthawi zonse, ndipo amuna amatha kudya. Pambuyo angapo feedings, molting amapezeka. Mkazi wokhetsedwa amabzalidwa kumtunda kupita kwa wamphongo. Njoka zonse ziwiri ziyenera kukhetsa, chifukwa mnzakeyo kapena mnzake akhoza kukana cobra wosakhetsa. Ndiko kuti, molting njira wokonzeka kwa mating.
Kutalika kwa masana kwa chikondwerero cha mfumukazi pafupifupi maola 12.
Pakukhwima, abambo a monocle cobras samadya, koma akazi amadya mwachangu. akazi apakati ayenera kupereka Zingayambe ang'onoang'ono. Yaikaziyo imayenera kupatsidwa malo abwino okhala momwe ingakhale yotentha, yofunda komanso yamdima. Chidebe cha pulasitiki chomwe chili ndi bowo lololemo chivindikiro ndi choyenera izi. Pansi pa beseni ladzala ndi vermiculite yonyowa kapena sphagnum. Amayikidwa pakona yotentha ya terariyo.
Mkati mwa bokosi la chisa muzikhala kutentha kwa madigiri 27-29, ndi chinyezi - 75%. Bokosi chisa aikidwa mu terrarium pa masabata pambuyo mating, kotero kuti mkazi ali nthawi womasuka mu izo.
Mimba imatenga pafupifupi masiku 40-50. Asanayike mazira, anyani achikazi. Pambuyo atagona, bokosi chisa atachotsedwa terrarium, ndi njoka kuchotsedwa mazira.
Asanagone, nkhanu zazikazi zimabzalidwe kale mu malo ena atsopano kuti zizitha kuzolowera.
Mazira nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa shuga limodzi. The gawo lapansi mu bokosi lisinthike watsopano. Imatsekedwa ndi chivindikiro china, chopanda dzenje. Chidebechi chimayikidwa chofungatira. Musakhudze mazira. Kwa masabata angapo, mazira amawonjezeka, amakhala ndi chinyezi cha 70-80% ndi kutentha kwa madigiri a 28-30. Pafupifupi patsiku la 60, njoka zazing'ono zimayamba kuwonekera, kuwaswa kumatha kukhala masiku 5. njoka Newborn hiss pangozi ndi kutsegula nyumba. Mu clutch pali mazira 12-30.
Ziganizo pazomwe zili ndi nkhokwe
The njira pamwamba anafotokoza za kuswana monocle mamba wayesedwa ndi nthawi, amapereka zotsatira bwino chaka ndi chaka kwa zaka zoposa 20.
Apanso, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti kusunga ndi kubereka monocle cobras ndizowopsa m'moyo. Cholakwika chilichonse chaching'ono chimatha kukhala chodula kwambiri. Ndiko kuti, phunziro ili si chizolowezi, koma changa.
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.