Sumatransky barbus ndi imodzi mwa nsomba zodziwika bwino zam'madzi, zomwe zimakonda chifukwa chosasamala posamalira komanso kukonza. Izi nsomba zowala komanso zogwira ntchito zomwe zimawoneka ngati kakulidwe kakang'ono carp zimatha kutsitsimutsa dziwe lililonse lochita kupanga.

Kwawo

Sumatran barbus (Puntigrus tetrazona) ndi woimira banja la cyprinid, yemwe adakhala m'madzi zaka zoposa 100 zapitazo, ndipo kutchuka kwake sikunathe. Adayamba kufotokozedwa koyamba ndi ichthyologists mu 1855.

M'dzina la nsomba, malo ake amawululidwa. Poyamba, mtunduwu unkakhala utafalikira kuzilumba za Sumatra ndi Borneo, koma pomaliza pake udafalikira kumadzi a Thailand, Cambodia ndi Singapore. Tsopano mutha kupezanso madera am'deralo mwa nsomba zam'madzi m'malo osungirako zachilengedwe ku Australia, Columbia ndi United States.

M'mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, ma barba amakonda mitsinje yamitengo ndi misonkho yomwe imayenda munkhalango. Amakhala ndi mchenga pansi, madzi oyera komanso amtundu wa okosijeni, mbewu zambiri zimakula, mwakulankhula kwina - pali chilichonse chodyera ndi pogona.

Pokhala muzikhalidwe zachilengedwe, ma barbs alibe mtundu wowala ngati wa aquarium, omwe amapezeka chifukwa cha kuyesa kwakanthawi. Chifukwa chake, maonekedwe a golide (albino), mossy, chotchinga ndi mtundu wosinthika wamtundu wa Global wokhala ndi mitundu yowala ya fluorescent ya mtundu wofiirira ndi wachikasu. Kuti tipeze ziwonetsero zoterezi, mitundu yama protein a anthu okhala m'madzi am'nyanja adayambitsa mawonekedwe.

Thupi la barbs ndi lamphamvu komanso lodzipereka kuchokera kumbali, zipsepazo ndizopangika, masharubu kulibe. Zoyesa za Aquarium zimakula mpaka 6 cm. Chizindikiro cha mtundu wa nsomba izi ndi milozo inayi yakuda yopitilira thupi lonse. Ali mu ukapolo, moyo wawo ndi wa zaka 6.

Kusamalira ndi kukonza

Pokonza ma barat a Sumatran sikofunikira kuti pakhale zovuta zilizonse zovuta. Woyambitsa zimbudzi amatha kuthana ndi chisamaliro cha iwo. Popeza nsombazi zimaphunzirira, ndiye kuti ma aquariums okhala ndi malita 70 kapena kupitilira apo, momwe sukulu isanu ndi umodzi yamasamba imakhala yabwino, amawasunga.

Ngati mutenga madzi okwanira malita 30, ndiye kuti ma barat atatu okha a Sumatran amatha kumva bwino m'menemo, ndipo simungathe kupatsa wina aliyense woti azikukondani, zomwe sizingaoneke zokongola kwambiri.

Palibe zofunika zapadothi. Nsomba zopanda maonekedwe zimawoneka bwino motsutsana ndi nthaka yamchenga kapena miyala yaying'ono yakuda. Monga zokongoletsera, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito miyala yayikulu kapena mabatani osiyanasiyana.

Pamodzi ndi khoma, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale malo omwe adabzalidwa kwambiri ndi amadyera kuti mababu azitha kubisala ndikupumulirana wina ndi mnzake. Pakatikati pa aquarium ndibwino kuti musiyidwe.kuti nsombayo ikhale ndi mwayi wotseguka poyera. Popeza kuti anamgumi ooneka ngati bulu amatha kudumphira m'madzi, madziwo amayenera kuphimbidwa ndi galasi kapena chivindikiro china chilichonse.

Pakuyenera kukhala ndi mpweya wokwanira m'madzi, motero ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa fyuluta ya mphamvu yoyenera. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyenda kosavuta kwamadzi kuchokera pamenepo kudzathandizira kuti malo a Sumatran akhale abwino. Ponena zowunikira, kuunikako kumakhala konsekonse komanso kowala.

Kuti nsomba imve bwino, magawo am'madzi azisungidwa:

• kutentha - 20-26 ° C,
• acidity - pH: 5-8,
• kuuma - dH mpaka 18 °,
• madzi osachepera 1 pa 10 malita.

Onetsetsani kuti mwasinthidwa sabata iliyonse ¼ ya madzi okwanira mu aquarium ndi atsopano.

Mwachilengedwe, ma barat a Sumatran amadya makamaka ma invertebrates am'madzi am'madzi, komanso m'malo a aquarium chakudya chamoyo chilichonse komanso chochita kupanga. Mitundu ya achikulire imafunikira kudyetsa chomera, chifukwa chake ali okondwa kubudula mbewu ndi masango a algae pagalasi. Komabe, sizoyenera kuwerengera poti ma barbs adzayeretsa mosamala ma aquarium!

Kugwirizana

Ngati ma barbs akukhala m'gulu la anthu asanu ndi mmodzi, ndiye izi ndi zolengedwa zamtendere zomwe zimatha kumvana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsomba, chifukwa adzawononga mphamvu zawo zonse pamasewera pagulu lawo. Koma ngati pali cholingalira chimodzi kapena ziwiri zamtunduwu m'madzi am'madzi, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwaukali kumakulirakulira mpaka kufika pomwe amapezerera - zigawenga.

Pafupi mwamtendere, barbs imatha kukhala ndi mollies, safiro tetras, pecilia, iris, minga, Congo, zebrafish, catfish (mwachitsanzo, panacus peru kapena corridos).

Simungathe kuphatikiza ma barbs ndikusambira nsomba pang'onopang'ono ndi chophimba kapena zipsepa zonyansa mu aquarium yomweyo. Ngati muwonjezerapo nsomba zagolide, cockerels, angelfish, gourami kapena maluwa pachingwe chokhala ndi milozo, ndiye kuti atha kuluka michira yawo yokongola ndi zipsepse. Pano nsomba zokongola sizipulumutsa chilichonse.

Akhungu loyera

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimachitika mu mtundu wa nsomba. Mwa zina mwazizindikiro zake, kuwonjezera pa ulesi komanso kuchepa kwa chakudya, munthu amatha kusiyanitsa kusintha koyera kwamtundu wa khungu la dorsal ndi khungu pafupi ndi mchira, kuwunikira kapena kuwonongeka kwathunthu kwa mikwingwirima. Nthawi zambiri, barbus yodwala imakhala pansi, ndipo mapangidwe ake am'madzi amatha.

Choyambitsa khungu loyera ndi mabakiteriya omwe amalowa mu aquarium ndi okhala zatsopano (zomera kapena nsomba). Kuti muthane ndi mavuto, muyenera:

1. Mu chidebe chomwe mwakonzekereracho, kuchepetsa oxacillin (40 mg pa 1 lita).
2. Zilowezani anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka munthawi yokonzekera masiku 5.
3. Sambani ndikuthira mafuta oyesa m'madzi.
4. Muzimutsuka nsomba kuchokera ku mankhwalawa ndikuwabwezera ku aquarium yoyambiranso.

Kukhala mwachilengedwe

Ma cyprinids ndi nsomba zam'madzi zotchuka kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo osataya kutchuka kwawo. Adapeza dzina lawo lenileni chifukwa amachokera kuchilumba cha Sumatra.

Zachidziwikire, sanagwidwe mwachilengedwe kwa nthawi yayitali, koma adagulitsidwa bwino ku Southeast Asia ndi Europe yonse. Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu ingapo yojambulidwa kale - albino, yokhala ndi zipsepse zamtambo ndi zobiriwira.

Idayamba kufotokozedwa koyamba ndi Blacker mu 1855. Kwambiri pachilumba cha Sumatra, Borneo, chomwe chimapezekanso ku Cambodia ndi Thailand. Poyamba, idapezeka ku Borneo ndi Sumatra, komabe, idapangidwa. Anthu ambiri amakhala ku Singapore, Australia, USA ndi Colombia.

Mwachilengedwe, amakhala m'mitsinje yopanda phokoso komanso mitsinje yomwe ili m'nkhalango yowirira. M'malo oterowo, nthawi zambiri madzi oyera kwambiri okhala ndi mpweya wambiri, mchenga pansi, komanso miyala ndi mitengo yayikulu.

Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu yambiri yazomera. Amadya zachilengedwe ndi tizilombo, detritus, ndi algae.

Kufotokozera

Barbus wa Sumatran ali ndi thupi lalitali, lozungulira komanso lokhala ndi mutu wowongoka. Awa ndi nsomba zokulirapo, mwachilengedwe amakula mpaka 7 cm, mu aquarium pang'ono. Ndi chisamaliro chabwino amakhala ndi zaka 6.

Mtundu wakhungu ndi wachikasu ndi mikwaso yakuda kwambiri. Zipsepsezi zake zimakhala zofiirira, makamaka zazimuna pakukutira kapena kukometsa. Komanso panthawiyi, kupukutira kwawo kumaphulika.

Zovuta pazomwe zili

Yoyenerera bwino malo ambiri am'madzi ndipo amatha kusungidwa ngakhale ndi oyamba kumene. Amalolera kusintha malo okhala, popanda kutaya chilimbikitso ndi ntchito zawo.

Komabe, Aquarium iyenera kukhala ndi madzi oyera komanso oyera. Ndipo mutha kuzisungitsa kutali ndi nsomba zonse, mwachitsanzo, kupsinjika kosatha kudzaperekedwa kwa nsomba zagolide.

Zomwezo zimaphatikizanso nsomba ndi zinsomba zazitali, zophimba kapena nsomba zosachedwa. Chizindikiro cha mawonekedwe ndichoti chimatha kutsina mnansi chifukwa cha zipsepse.

Izi ndizodziwika kwa nsomba zomwe zimakhala kunja kwa paketi, chifukwa choti zimawunyamula zimawakakamiza kuti aziwonetsetsa olowererapo komanso kuchitira abale.

Pewani zinthu ziwiri: khalani ndi mabatani amodzi kapena awiri ndikuphatikiza ndi nsomba zomwe zimakhala ndi zipsepse zazitali.

Kudyetsa

Amadya zamtundu uliwonse zamawonekedwe amoyo, achisanu kapena owonjezera. Ndikofunika kumudyetsa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuti mukhale ndi ntchito komanso thanzi la chitetezo chathupi.

Mwachitsanzo, maziko a chakudyacho atha kukhala phala lalitali kwambiri, komanso kuwonjezera chakudya chamoyo - ma cellworm, tubule, artemia ndi Corpetra.

Ndikupangizanso kuwonjezera ma flakes okhala ndi spirulina, monga momwe zomera zimatha kudya.

Barbus ya Sumatran imayandama m'magulu onse amadzi, koma imakonda yapakati. Ichi ndi nsomba yogwira, yomwe mumafuna malo aulere ambiri.

Kwa nsomba zokhwima zomwe zimakhala m'gulu la anthu 7, mufunika malo okhala ndi malita 70 kapena kupitilira. Ndikofunikira kuti ikhale yayitali mokwanira, ndi kutalika, koma nthawi yomweyo ibzalidwe ndi mbewu.

Kumbukirani kuti othamanga ndi opepuka ndipo amatha kudumphira m'madzi.

Amasinthasintha bwino magawo am'madzi osiyanasiyana, koma amamva bwino pa pH 6.0-8.0 ndi dH 5-10. Mwachilengedwe, amakhala m'madzi ofewa komanso acidic, motero manambala ochepera azikhala abwino. Ndiye kuti, pH 6.0-6.5, dH pafupifupi 4.

Kutentha kwamadzi - 23-26 ° С.

Chofunikira kwambiri ndizoyera kwamadzi - gwiritsani ntchito zosefera zakunja ndikuzisintha nthawi zonse.

Kusunga kosavuta ndikwabwino kwa asitikali am'magawo onse. Amakhala olimba, bola ngati madziwo ndi oyera komanso osamala amasungidwa m'madzi. Ndikwabwino kubzala mbewu zambiri mu chonde, koma ndikofunikira kuti pali malo aulere pakusambira.

Komabe, zimatha kubowola mphukira zovunda zazomera, ngakhale zimatero nthawi zambiri. Zikuwoneka kuti ndi chakudya chosakwanira pachakudya.

Ndikofunika kusungira mu paketi, pazinthu 7 kapena kuposerapo. Koma kumbukirani kuti uyu ndiwopezerera, osati wankhanza, koma wosusuka.

Amapanga maphikidwe mwachangu ndi chophimba ndi nsomba zowonekera, motero anansi ayenera kusankhidwa mwanzeru.

Koma zomwe zili mu paketi zimachepetsa kudzikuza kwawo, monga utsogoleri wakhazikitsidwa ndipo chidwi chimasinthidwa.

Kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi

Ndikosavuta kusiyanitsa pakati pa wamwamuna ndi wamkazi asanafike msinkhu. Akazi amakhala ndi mimba yayikulu ndipo amawoneka ozungulira.

Amuna ali ndi utoto wowala, wocheperako kukula ndipo nthawi yotamba amakhala ndi chophukira chowongolera.

Kuswana

Achifwamba omwe sasamala ana awo, mopitilira muyeso, amadya mazira awo mwamwayi. Chifukwa cha kuswana mudzafunika malo osyanasiyana, makamaka okhala ndi khoka loteteza pansi.

Kuti mudziwe oyenera, ma barb a Sumatran amagulidwa m'mibadwo ndikukula pamodzi. Asanatulutsane, banjali limadyetsedwa chakudya chochuluka kwa masabata awiri, kenako ndikuyika m'malo osungunuka.

Pofalikira, pazikhala zofewa (mpaka 5 dH) ndi madzi acidic (pH 6.0), mbewu zambiri zokhala ndi masamba yaying'ono (Javanese moss) ndi ukonde woteteza pansi.

Kapenanso, mutha kusiya pansi maliseche kuti muzindikire mazira nthawi yomweyo ndikuchotsa makolo.

Monga lamulo, kuwaza kumayambira mbandakucha, koma ngati awiriwo sanayambe kuwaza mkati mwa masiku awiri, ndiye kuti muyenera kusintha gawo lamadzi ndi madzi abwino ndikukweza kutentha madigiri awiri pamwamba pa omwe amawagwiritsa ntchito.

Yaikazi imayikira mazira pafupifupi 200, achikaso achikasu, omwe amphanga umuna nthawi yomweyo.

Caviar ikangolowa chonde, makolo ayenera kuchotsedwa kuti asadye caviar. Onjezani ma methylene abuluu kumadzi ndipo pakatha maola pafupifupi 36, mazira amaswa.

Kwa masiku ena asanu, mphutsi zimadya zamkati mwa yolk sac, kenako zamphongo ndizosambira. Choyamba muyenera kumudyetsa ndi microworm ndi infusoria, kenako osamutsa ma feed akuluakulu.

Yura Lyashkevich

SUMATRAN BARBUS - SLEEPY Sailor
Nsomba ya Aquarium Sumatran barbus (Puntius tetrazona, yemwe kale anali Barbus tetrazona), ndi nsomba yowala kwambiri komanso yogwira ntchito yomwe imatsitsimutsa biotope iliyonse. Uyu ndi nsomba yaying'ono, yokhala ndi thupi lofiirira komanso mikwaso yakuda, pomwe m'Chichewa imatchedwa "tiger barbus". Akakula, mtunduwo umazirala pang'ono, komabe gulu la ma Sumatran barb mu aquarium ndi mawonekedwe apadera.
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Ma cyprinids ndi nsomba zam'madzi zotchuka kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo osataya kutchuka kwawo. Amatchedwa Sumatran chifukwa amachokera pachilumba cha Sumatra. Zachidziwikire, sanagwidwe mwachilengedwe kwa nthawi yayitali, koma adagulitsidwa bwino ku Southeast Asia ndi Europe yonse. Kuphatikiza apo, pali mitundu ingapo ya Sumatran barbus - albino, yokhala ndi zipsepse zobiriwira komanso zobiriwira.

Kusunga Sumatran kosavuta komanso kosavuta kwa asitikali am'magawo osiyanasiyana. Amakhala olimba, bola ngati madziwo ndi oyera komanso osamala amasungidwa m'madzi. Mu malo osungirako zinyalala okhala ndi barat ya Sumatran, ndibwino kubzala mbewu zambiri, koma ndikofunikira kuti palinso ufulu wa kusambira. Komabe, zimatha kubowola mphukira zovunda zazomera, ngakhale zimatero nthawi zambiri. Zikuwoneka kuti ndi chakudya chosakwanira pachakudya.

Ndikofunikira kusungira mababu a Sumatran mu paketi, kuchuluka kwa 7 kapena kuposerapo. Koma kumbukirani kuti Sumatran barbus ndi wankhanza, wopanda wankhanza, koma wosusuka. Amapanga maphikidwe mwachangu ndi chophimba ndi nsomba zowonekera, motero anansi ayenera kusankhidwa mwanzeru. Koma zomwe zili mu paketi zimachepetsa kudzikuza kwawo, monga utsogoleri wakhazikitsidwa ndipo chidwi chimasinthidwa.

KUKHALA NDI MOYO
Nsomba ya ku Sumatran barbecue idayamba kufotokozedwa ndi Blecker mu 1855. Dziko lakwawo ku Sumatra, Borneo, limapezekanso ku Cambodia ndi Thailand. Poyamba, idapezeka ku Borneo ndi Sumatra, komabe, yafalikira. Anthu ambiri amakhala ku Singapore, Australia, USA ndi Colombia.Zachilengedwe, amakhala m'mitsinje ndi mitsinje yopanda m'nkhalango yowirira. M'malo oterowo, nthawi zambiri madzi oyera kwambiri okhala ndi mpweya wambiri, mchenga pansi, komanso miyala ndi mitengo yayikulu. Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu yambiri yazomera. Ma barat a Sumatran amadya zachilengedwe ndi tizilombo, detritus, ndi algae.

KULAMBIRA
Barbus wa Sumatran ali ndi thupi lalitali, lozungulira komanso lokhala ndi mutu wowongoka. Awa ndi nsomba zokulirapo, mwachilengedwe amakula mpaka 7 cm, mu aquarium pang'ono. Ndi chisamaliro chabwino amakhala ndi zaka 6.
Mtundu wakhungu ndi wachikasu ndi mikwaso yakuda kwambiri. Zipsepsezi zake zimakhala zofiirira, makamaka zazimuna pakukutira kapena kukometsa. Komanso panthawiyi, kupukutira kwawo kumaphulika.
Pipi-

KULIMBIKITSA MU ZINSINSI
Yoyenerera bwino malo ambiri am'madzi ndipo amatha kusungidwa ngakhale ndi oyamba kumene. Amalolera kusintha malo okhala, popanda kutaya chilimbikitso ndi ntchito zawo. Komabe, mu malo osungirako zinyama okhala ndi malo okhala ndi Sumatran payenera kukhala madzi oyera komanso oyera. Ndipo simungathe kuzisunga ndi nsomba zonse, mwachitsanzo, nsomba zagolide zimaperekedwa ndi kupsinjika kwanthawi yayitali.

Kudya
Amadya zamtundu uliwonse zamawonekedwe amoyo, achisanu kapena owonjezera. Ndikofunika kumudyetsa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuti mukhale ndi ntchito komanso thanzi la chitetezo chathupi. Mwachitsanzo, pamaziko a chakudya cha Sumatran barbus amatha kukhala ma flakes abwino, komanso kuwonjezera chakudya chamoyo - ma cellworms, tubule, artemia ndi Corpetra. Ndikupangizanso kuonjezera ma flakes omwe ali ndi spriulina, popeza alendo omwe amatha kuwononga mbewuzo.
Barbus ya Sumatran imayandama m'magulu onse amadzi, koma imakonda yapakati. Ichi ndi nsomba yogwira, yomwe mumafuna malo aulere ambiri. Kwa nsomba zokhwima zomwe zimakhala m'gulu la anthu 7, mufunika malo okhala ndi malita 70 kapena kupitilira. Ndikofunikira kuti ikhale yayitali mokwanira, ndi kutalika, koma nthawi yomweyo ibzalidwe ndi mbewu. Kumbukirani kuti othamanga ndi opepuka ndipo amatha kudumphira m'madzi.
Amasinthasintha bwino magawo am'madzi osiyanasiyana, koma amamva bwino pa pH 6.0-8.0 ndi dH 5-10.Mwachilengedwe, amakhala m'madzi ofewa komanso acidic, motero manambala ochepera azikhala abwino. Ndiye kuti, pH 6.0-6.5, dH pafupifupi 4. Kutentha kwa madzi ndi 23-26C.
Chofunikira kwambiri ndizoyera kwamadzi - gwiritsani ntchito zosefera zakunja ndikuzisintha nthawi zonse.

Kusiyana kogonana
Ndikosavuta kusiyanitsa pakati pa wamwamuna ndi wamkazi asanafike msinkhu. Akazi amakhala ndi mimba yayikulu ndipo amawoneka ozungulira. Amuna ali ndi utoto wowala, wocheperako kukula ndipo nthawi yotamba amakhala ndi chophukira chowongolera.
nyalugwe-4e

REPRODUCING SUMATRAN BARBUSES
Achifwamba omwe sasamala ana awo, mopitilira muyeso, amadya mazira awo mwamwayi. Kotero kuti muwedzeretse barbus ya Sumatran mudzafunika malo osyanasiyana, makamaka okhala ndi khoka loteteza pansi. Kuti mudziwe oyenera, ma barb a Sumatran amagulidwa m'mibadwo ndikukula pamodzi. Asanatulutsane, banjali limadyetsedwa chakudya chochuluka kwa masabata awiri, kenako limatumizidwa kukawaza.

Kufalikira: Pakubowoleza, pakhale madzi ofewa (mpaka 5 dH) ndi madzi acidic (pH 6.0), mbewu zambiri zokhala ndi masamba yaying'ono (Javanese moss) ndi ukonde woteteza pansi. Monga njira, mutha kusiya pansi maliseche kuti muwone mazira nthawi yomweyo ndikuchotsa makolo: Monga lamulo, kuwonekera kwa barba kumayamba mbandakucha, ngati awiriwo sanayambe kuwaza mkati mwa tsiku limodzi mpaka masiku awiri, ndiye kuti muyenera kusintha gawo lamadzi ndikuwonjezera kutentha ndikuwonjezera kutentha madigiri awiri omwe adazolowera.

Mbidzi ya Sumatran barbus imayikira mazira pafupifupi 200, owala, achikasu, omwe amphanga umuna nthawi yomweyo. Caviar ikangolowa chonde, makolo ayenera kuchotsedwa kuti asadye caviar. Onjezani ma methylene abuluu kumadzi ndipo pakatha maola pafupifupi 36, mazira amaswa. Kwa masiku ena asanu, mphutsi zimadya zamkati mwa yolk sac, kenako zamphongo ndizosambira. Choyamba muyenera kumudyetsa ndi microworm ndi infusoria, kenako osamutsa ma feed akuluakulu.

Zakudya

Monga lamulo, mitundu yonse ya m'madzi am'madzi (kupatula pang'ono) ndi osavomerezeka mu chakudya ndipo azidzadya zomwe mumapereka. Chakudya chamoyo, chimanga, mavitamini - chilichonse chidzakhala chotchuka.

Ndikofunikira kubwezeretsanso zakudya ndi zinthu zomera:

• Masamba odulidwa sipinachi
• mkhaka
• nettle
• masamba a dandelion.

Dyetsani zoweta zanu zosaposa 2 pa tsiku. Amayenera kudya zakudya zilizonse pakatha mphindi 10.

Habitat

Dzina lachiwiri ndi Sumatran Puntius. Mwachilengedwe, nsomba zimakhala ku Indonesia ndi Southeast Asia (mbadwa za zilumba za Sumatra ndi Kalimantan). Tsopano ikhoza kupezeka ku Singapore, Colombia ndi United States. Kuthengo, Sumatran barbus imakhala m'mitsinje yoyera ndi zomera zambiri, miyala yosiyanasiyana ndi nthambi zamitengo. Amadyera pa algae, tizilombo komanso detritus.

Ziweto Golide ndi Siliva

Peppermint woyendetsa kapena Sumatran - Imayesedwa ngati mitundu yomwe imadziwika kwambiri. Mtundu wake ndi wagolide wapinki. Mikwingwirima ndi yakuda, yokhazikika. Nsombazo zimakula mpaka 5 cm. Yosavuta kuswana.

Odessa - adapeza dzina kuthokoza komwe idagulitsidwa koyambirira. Amuna amakhala ndi mtundu wofiirira, madontho ang'onoang'ono pazipsepse. Akazi ndi osachepera. Kuseri kwa chivundikiro cha zotchinga pa thupi la barbus pali mzere wakuda womwe umayenda molunjika. Nsomba zazikulu ndi zazing'ono, 4 cm.

Maheola - fanizo zasiliva mpaka 7 cm. Zipsepse za Translucent, ndipo nsonga ya mchirayo ili ndi malire wofiira ndi wakuda. Pafupi ndi mchira pali kadontho wakuda. Pakuswana, anyani amphaka amtundu wa anyamayi, kuti atenge mitundu kuchokera kubiriwira mpaka kukhala utoto wabuluu.

Shaded ndi single point

Barbus Dawkins - amatchedwanso nthenga. Nsomba imafika 12 cm, imakhala ndi mtundu wosangalatsa - mzere wofiiritsa wofiira umadutsa mzere wotsatira, ndipo malo akulu akuda amakhala kumapeto kwa mchira. Kumbuyo kuli golide ndipo pansi ndi siliva. Mabawu a Dawkins ndi mafoni, koma nthawi yomweyo mwamtendere, khalani bwino ndi nsomba zamtundu wina, pokhapokha ngati ali ofanana.

Gome laling'ono - adalandira dzinalo polemekeza Czech Czechologist. Ziweto zazikulu ndizochepa, masentimita 5 okha, zimakhala ndi mtundu wa siliva, ndipo kumapeto kwa mchirowo ndi malo owala. Mukamakonza Aquarium, perekani chidwi pakupanga zachilengedwe. Nsombazi ndizosangalatsa, chifukwa chake ndibwino kusonkhanitsa nthawi yomweyo anthu 9-10.

Mfundo imodzi - wotchedwa chifukwa cha dontho lakuda lomwe limachokera mchira wake, limazunguliridwa chikasu. Kutalika ndi 9 masentimita, mtundu wa siliva. Chepetsa mu thanki osachepera 80 malita.

Okonda malo ndi zomera

Zoletsedwa - amakula pakati pakulimba, mpaka 5 cm. Amadziwika ndi mtundu wa siliva wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yosasiyanasiyana. Zipsepse ndizopepuka, ngati mchira, ndipo amuna ndi amtundu wofanana ndi akazi. Ndikwabwino kukhazikitsa fayilo yamphamvu mu aquarium, chifukwa m'malo mwachilengedwe amakhala kuti amakhala m'madzi okhala ndi madzi opanda mphamvu.

Tulip - Ili ndi mtundu wa siliva, kumapeto kwa mchira kumakhala kukhudza kwamdima. Awa ndi nsomba zing'onozing'ono, zomwe zimakula mpaka 3 cm zokha. Imphona imasiyanitsidwa ndi mkombero wofiyira kuzungulira pakamwa pake, ndipo nthawi yakukhwima imakhala yachitsulo. Ngakhale ndi kakang'ono kocheperako, amangokhala omasuka m'masamba akuluakulu okhala ndi masamba obiriwira komanso mabatani. Sinthani 40% yamadzi mu aquarium sabata iliyonse.

Aeromoniosis

Aeromonosis kapena rubella ndi matenda opatsirana omwe barbs amatha kugwira kuchokera ku nsomba zomwe ali ndi kachilombo kapena kudzera pazida zodetsa. Matendawa amalowa mthupi kudzera m'matumbo kapena mabala m'thupi, ndipo nthawi yomwe akukwanira ndi masiku 3-8.

Zizindikiro za nthendayi motsutsana ndi kufooka kwa thupi ndi kuchepa kwa chilakolako cha thupi ndi maonekedwe a zilonda ndi mawanga ofiira m'thupi, kuwola kwa anal fin. Tsoka ilo, ndikuwonetsedwa kotere, sikungatheke kupulumutsa nsomba, ndipo zikuwoneka kuti anthu athanzi labwino amachitidwa motere:

1. Kwa masiku asanu ndi awiri usiku, yankho la bicillin-5 limatsanuliridwa mu aquarium.
2. Ma barbs omwe ali ndi kachilombo amasungidwa kwa maola 6 mumathirakiti okhala ndi maantibayotiki (chloramphenicol, synthomycin) ndi methylene buluu.

Nsomba za Aquarium zomwe zakhala ndi rubella zateteza matendawa, koma zimatha kuyambitsa matenda aanthu ena.

Zosiyanasiyana

Chifukwa cha ntchito yobereketsa, mitundu yambiri ya Sumatran Barbus tsopano yakhala ikugulitsidwa, zomwe ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi abale awo okhala kuthengo kwawo. Izi zidatheka chifukwa cha kusintha kwa magawo am'madzi nthawi yopanga. Mitundu yodziwika bwino imawonetsedwa pansipa.

Mitundu yosankhidwa ya Sumatran barbus

Otsala adatha kutulutsa mitundu yatsopano yazatsopano, yomwe nthawi zambiri imapezeka m'mizinda yamadzi.

• Mtundu wobiriwira wakuda. Zimaphatikizapo: mossy barbus kapena mutant, mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira. “Mossy barbus” ali ndi thupi lalitali lamtundu wakuda wobiriwira, zipsepse zakuda zomwe zimakhala ndi mkonzi wofiyira. Barbus wobiriwira wobiriwira amasiyana ndi pamwambapa ndi tint wagolide komanso pamimba lowala.
• Albinos Izi ndi monga: albino, barbus wagolide ndi sitiroberi wa sitiroberi. Thupi la barbus wagolide ndi albino ndi wowawasa kukhudza golide. Milozo yoyera yakuda imadutsa thupi. Zipsepse zowonekera ndi kusintha kwa red kapena pinki. Mutu wake ndi wofiirira. Thupi la barbus ya sitiroberi limasiyana ndi mitundu iwiri yomwe ili pamwambowu.

• Ma Platinamu. Izi zikuphatikiza Platin, Platinamu ndi Green Platinum. White platinamu barbus wokhala ndi zipsepse zakuda. Mtundu wa barbus wobiriwira ndi wobiriwira-buluu, zipsepse zakuda. Sumatran barbus Platinti yoyera ndi tint wagolide.
• Ma baril ovala matupi awo ali ofanana ndi Msonkhano, amangokhala ndi zipsepse zazitali zazitali.

• Malo owala -. Kukula ndi zomwe zili sizili zosiyana ndi zomwe zimakonda kuchitidwa.

Sungani nsomba mu gulu la anthu asanu ndi limodzi m'matanthwe okhala ndi malita 70 kapena kupitilira. Gulu lotsogola limakhazikitsidwa m'khola, kuthamangitsa wina ndi mzake ndikuyamba kuwononga, zomwe sizitsogolera ku choyipa chilichonse. Kupanga olanda mikwingwirima kukhala yabwino, dzalani mbewu zam'madzi mu aquarium: kabombu, spallal vallisneria, hygrophil yamitundu yambiri, lemongrass. Gwiritsani ntchito miyala ya driftwood, miyala ngati chokongoletsera. Mutha kumangirira Anubias pa iwo, koma muyenera kukana ma Javanese moss, monga momwe nsomba zimakhudzira, kupusitsa pozungulira. Onetsetsani kuti mwasiya malo oti ziweto zizisambira. Dothi ndi maziko, sankhani mtundu wakuda, wakuda, pa iwo wowonjezera amawoneka wowala.

Zindikirani! Ngati zotsekemera za Sumatran zimasungidwa zazing'onoting'ono (ma 1-3 nsomba), ndiye zimayamba kukhala zolimba. Amatha kuyamba kumenyana wina ndi mnzake komanso ndi oyandikana nawo. Osabzala zipatso mwachangu mu malo am'madzi, chifukwa adzayamba kuzisaka ndipo pamapeto pake azidya zonsezo. Zomwezi zimayendera shimpu.

Payenera kukhala kusefera kwamadzi mu aquarium. Kutentha kwamadzi kosangalatsa kwa nsomba ndi madigiri 21-25. Kuti ichite bwino, chotenthetsera chimayikidwa mu aquarium. Kamodzi pa sabata, petsani nthaka, ndikusintha madzi atsopano 25-30%. A hooligans amakonda kusambira pakati komanso pansi pamadzi.

Dropsy

Dropsy ndi kudzikundikira kwa edematous madzimadzi m'thupi patsekeke. Choyambitsa matendawa nthawi zambiri chimakhala kachilombo ka mabakiteriya, kuwonongeka kwa tiziromboti, kusowa kwamadzi kwamadzi mu aquarium ndikusintha kwake kwakuthwa, kusowa kwa mpweya.

M'munthu wodwala, timatumba tating'onoting'ono timatulutsa timiyendo tambiri, m'mimba ndi mimbayo timatupa, timiyendo timatulutsa, ndipo mikwingwirizo imasungunuka chifukwa cha khungu. Zizindikiro zake sizingawoneke nthawi imodzi.

Ndikosatheka kupulumutsa nsomba yakudwala m'magawo apambuyo, koma kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, mutha kuyesa kusintha mkhalidwe wake mwa kuyika yankho la chloromycetin (80 ml / 10 l) kwa mphindi 30.

Barbus - Albino

Nsomba iyi ili ndi thupi la pinki komanso maso ofiira owala. Mikwingwirima yokhudza Barbus ilipo, koma siyyakuda, koma ya pinki. Nsomba za Albino zimaphatikizanso nsomba zokhala ndi golide ndimkamwa wakuda, zokhala ndi mtundu wachitsulo, komanso "platinamu" kapena "tiger", pomwe mikwingwirima imakhala yopepuka kuposa thupi, nthawi zina imakhala yosalala. Ndi kutulutsa kapena kukondweretsedwa mwamphamvu mwa amuna, redness yamutu imawonedwa. Ma Albinos nthawi zambiri amakhala alibe chilichonse chobisalira, koma nthawi imodzimodziyo akumva bwino ndipo izi sizimawalepheretsa kukhala ndi moyo wokhutira.

Fin zowola

izo matenda ofala kwambiri mu nsomba zam'madzi. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi mabakiteriya a Pseudomonas fluorescens, omwe amatha kulowa m'madzimo ndi chakudya, zokongoletsera, dothi kapena nsomba zatsopano zomwe sizikhazikikidwe.

M'malo okhala ndi matendawa, khungu lawo limasinthika ndipo zipsepse zimasweka, maso amakhala amtambo, mawanga ofiira amawonekera mthupi lonse chifukwa chatsekeka pamitsempha yamagazi, komanso pamizere otsiriza thupi lonse.

Kuti apulumutse anthu okhala m'madzi am'madzi, ndikofunikira kusintha madzi 30 mwatsopano, kuyeretsa kwawekha ndi zonse zomwe zili pansi (dothi, zokongoletsera, mbewu). Odwala matabzala kuti mubzale mu thanki ina ndi maantibayotiki ena.

Kunenepa kwambiri

Mabakiteriya ndi owopsa, ngati mungawamwetse, mutha kuyambitsa kukulitsidwa kwa kunenepa kwambiri, komwe mtsogolomo kumatha kubweretsa chiweto chikafa.

Zizindikiro zoyambira kunenepa kwambiri ndi ntchito zochepa komanso opanda chidwi, kukulira kwa kukula kwa thupi poyerekeza ndi kwabwinobwino. Kuti muwongolere vutolo, ndikokwanira kusiya nsomba popanda chakudya kwa masiku awiri kapena atatu, kenako ndikukhazikitsa chakudya choyenera.

Momwe mungadyetsere ziphuphu za Sumatran

Nsomba zamtunduwu ndizosangalatsa komanso zimakhala ndi njala. Amadyanso mazira odyera ndipo amakhala ndi zakudya: magazi, daphnia, tubule, artemia. Sangakana ma chipisi apamwamba kwambiri, ma flakes komanso mapiritsi a catfish. Amakonda kudya chakudya m'madzi, koma ngati kuli kotheka amadya bwino kuchokera pansi komanso pansi.

Pazakudya, ndikofunikira kuphatikiza masamba. Ikhoza kukhala tchipisi kapena mapiritsi okhala ndi spirulina, komanso magawo a nkhaka, zukini, letesi, ndi nettle yoyambitsidwa ndi madzi otentha. Ndikusowa kwa chakudya chomera, nsomba zimadya mphukira zazomera zazing'ono.

Ma barat a Sumatran amakonda kusewera. Mukapanda kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa chakudya, ndiye kuti zimafalitsa, kunenepa ndi kufa. Chifukwa chake, kudyetsa kuyenera kuperekedwa moyenera. Kamodzi patsiku, ndibwino patsiku la kuyeretsa, simungathe kudyetsa nsomba.

Kubala adani

Ma bar ndi nsomba zowaza. Mu msuzi wokhala ndi malo abwino, amatha kudzipangira okha. Koma pankhaniyi, ndizosatheka kubereka, chifukwa nsomba zazikulu zimadya caviar. Ngati mukufuna kufalitsa mkangano, konzekerani izi kuti muzikhala ndi malita 20 kapena kuposerapo. Kwa masabata 1.5-2 asanatulutse, zazikazi zimabzalidwa mosiyana ndi zazimuna ndipo zimadyetsedwa bwino ndizakudya zosiyanasiyana, makamaka zobzala.

Madzi ofunikira amatengedwa pamadzi wamba ndipo 30% mwatsopano amawonjezeredwa. Kenako amawotcha madigiri 29. Zomera zokhala ndi masamba ang'ono, mwachitsanzo, kabombu, Hornwort, elodea, Moss kapena gridi yodziyankhira, zimayikidwa pansi. Izi ndizofunikira kuti opanga asadye caviar. Sipangakhale nkhono pakuwaza, popeza zimabera mazira.

Ophunzitsidwa amabzalidwe pozilala madzulo osakwaniritsa nyali komanso kuyatsa. Kutulutsa kumayambira m'mawa. Yaikazi imayikira mazira 500, yamphongo imadzaza iyo. Kubalalika nthawi zambiri kumatha masana. Pamapeto pa njirayi, opanga amaundana ndipo amasungidwira ku aquarium wamba. Zomera kapena ukonde zimachotsedwa pamalo pomwe pali, 1/3 yamadzi imasinthidwa kuti ikhale yophika. Kenako onjezani mankhwala antifungal. Pambuyo pa tsiku, mphutsi zimawonekera, zomwe pambuyo masiku 4 mutha kuyamba kudya ndi ciliates, artemia nauplii.

Kudyetsa achinyamata nthawi zambiri. Mukatha kudyetsa, zotsalazo zimachotsedwa ndikuwonjezera madzi abwino. The mwachangu amakula msanga, koma osagwirizana. Pofuna kupewa ana okulirapo ang'onoang'ono, ayenera kusanjidwa. Pakupita kwa miyezi itatu ndi iwiri, kutentha kwa chowawa kumatsitsidwa kukhala madigiri 24.

Mossy barbus

Ili ndi utoto wamitundu yosiyanasiyana yobiriwira, kukumbukira kwa moss, chifukwa chake adalandira dzinali. Zingwe zamtunduwu pafupifupi sizimasiyana ndi mthunzi waukulu ndipo ndizotalikira kwambiri, zimatha kuphatikizana. Mapeyala osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana ofiira ndi lalanje, ndi ma anal - pafupifupi owonekera. Mukakula ndi kukalamba, mtunduwo umazirala. Mtunduwu nthawi zambiri umatchedwa "mutants."

A Tail akutsimikiza: mawonekedwe azinthu zamadzimadzi

Ma bar ndi otakataka kwambiri m'chilengedwe, choncho ayenera kupanga malo okhala ndi malo okwanira osunthira. Kwa nsomba 7 mukusowa aquarium yama 70 malita kapena kupitilira. Yekhayekha, ndibwino kuti siyiyambe kuyambitsa nyamayi, chifukwa ikayamba kuwopseza anthu ena, ikaluma michira yawo ndi zipsepse. Akasungidwa pagulu, amasunga malo mkati mwa sukulu, ndipo amakhala mwamakhalidwe poyerekeza ndi nsomba zina, pokonza ziwonetsero pakati pa abale awo.

Kuti muwongolere machitidwe abwino, ndikofunikira kuthira mchenga pansi ndikuyika snags ndi nyumba zambiri za Sumatran Barbus. Chinthu china chofunikira pakapangidwe ka m'madzi ndi kupezeka kwa mitundu yambiri ya algae, yomwe nsomba izi zimakonda kwambiri.

Sumatrans amafunikira kwambiri magawo amadzi. Iyenera kukhala pamlingo + 23 ... + 26 ℃, yoyera kwambiri, yofewa komanso yotentha kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa fyuluta yabwino ndikuwongolera mu aquarium. Koma sachita kufunikira kwakukulu pakuwunikira, mtundu uliwonse ndi kutha mphamvu kuchita. PH yamadzi yomwe imakonda kwambiri ili pamtunda wa 6-8, kuuma ndi 17 °.

Mabatani amalumpha bwino ndipo amatha kudumpha kuchokera mu aquarium, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kusankha mitundu yokhala ndi chivindikiro kuti mukafika kunyumba musapeze nsomba zakufa.

Mitundu ya kubereka ya Sumatrans ikasungidwa, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kutentha kwa madzi ndi 1 ... 2 ℃, popeza ndiwofatsa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi anzawo.

Matenda ndi Kuteteza

Izi nsomba zimakonda kunenepa kwambiri, makamaka zomwe zimapezeka m'mathanki ang'onoang'ono, osakwanira. Mwa zina, zomwe zimatha kusiyanitsa:

• Aeromonosis (rubella). Sumatransky Barbuses amatenga kachilombo ka iwo kuchokera kwa odwala odwala kapena kutsuka bwino kwa zida zam'madzi. Rubella amadziwika ndi chitukuko cha buccalis ndi kutupa kwam'mimba. Thupi limakutidwa ndi zilonda ndi mawanga, mamba amayamba kukwera. Matendawa amakhudzanso thanzi la ziweto, amakana chakudya, sagwira ntchito, amayandama pansi ndipo amakhala pamenepo kwa nthawi yayitali. Mwa mawonekedwe owopsa, amafa msanga zokwanira. Amathandizidwa ndi malo osambira okhala ndi methylene buluu, chloramphenicol ndi synthomycin. Ngati mankhwala ayambitsidwa mochedwa, sipangakhale kanthu, chiweto chimafa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kulumikizana ndi katswiri wazam'madzi posachedwa ndikuyesera kupulumutsa nsomba.
• Akhungu loyera. Amadziwika ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ndi khungu. Ndi iyo, mgwirizano wamagulu amasokonezeka, utoto wamtundu mu gawo la mchira komanso m'mphepete mwa dorsal. Amathandizidwa ndi malo osambira a chloramphenicol.

Kwa matenda onse awiriwa, kupewera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a aquarium ndikofunikira.