Cholakwika ndi lingaliro loti panther iyenera kukhala yakuda. Izi sizowona. Chowonadi ndi chakuti panther wakuda si mitundu yosiyana, koma masamba amtundu wa mphaka. M'malo mwake, ndi kambuku kapena mphutsi ndi malaya akuda. Nyama zoterezi zimadziwikanso kuti ma melancet, ndipo mtundu wake umatsimikiziridwa ndi malo ndi moyo. Popeza kuti wakuda wakuda amakhala m'nkhalango zowirira ndipo amasaka usiku, ndikofunikira kuti akhale ndi utoto wotere. Nthawi yomweyo, abale ake am'mapiriwo ndi oyera, ndipo zotchinga za masisitere ndi mapiri ndi achikaso zachikuda.
Mwa njira, khungu la panther wakuda nthawi zambiri limakhala lalikulu. Itha kukhala ndi malo owala komanso yofiirira ndimtambo wakuda. Mitengo yamitundu yosiyanasiyana imaberekana ndipo imapereka ana. Ngati m'mabanja m'modzi wa makolo ndi wakuda ndipo wachiwiri ndi wachikasu, ana ake amakhala achikasu, chifukwa mtunduwu ndi wamphamvu mwamtundu. Kuti mukhale otsimikizika kuti mupeze ana amdima, muyenera kudutsa anthu awiri akuda.
Zokhudza thupi la panther wakuda
Panther ndi mphaka wamtchire womangidwa bwino wokhala ndi thupi logwirizana, losinthika, miyendo yabwino yolimba ndi mchira wautali. Kulemera kwake kuli pafupifupi 60 makilogalamu, kutalika - 70 cm, ndi kutalika kwa thupi - kuchokera mita mpaka awiri. Ichi ndi nyama yabwino kwambiri. Panther ali ndi fungo lokhazikika, lomwe limamuthandiza kusaka. Kuyenda kwa mphaka wamtchire ndi kosalala komanso kwachete. Mtundu wakuda uwu, womwe umalola kuphatikiza ndi usiku, umapangitsa kuti mdani azitha kudya osakumananso ndi zomwe zimawadabwitsa.
Chosangalatsa cha panthers ndi larynx yeniyeni, yomwe imatha kutupa chifukwa cha mafupa osinthika a zida zapamwamba za hyoid. Kapangidwe kameneka kameneka kamawathandiza kuti azilankhula mawu osangalatsa. Amathamanga pa liwiro la 60 m / s, ndipo kutalika kwa kudumpha kwake kumafika mita 6. Monga mukuwonera, mphaka wamtchire ndi nyama yothamanga mwachangu. Panther amapezeka mosavuta ndi nyama.
Utali wamoyo
Panther amakhala pafupifupi zaka 12. Ali mu ukapolo, moyo wake umakulirakulira kufika pa 20. Zowona, kusunga mphaka wakuda m'khola ndipo makamaka kuphunzitsako sichinthu chabwino. Kupatula apo, panther ndiwankhanza kwambiri, waluso komanso samva mantha. Ngakhale pamaso pa mfumu ya nyama - mkango, kapena pamaso pa wolamulira wa dziko - munthu. Kukhala moyandikana ndi iye kumakhala koopsa.
Kodi panther wakuda amakhala kuti ndipo amasaka bwanji?
Malo akuluakulu okhala ma panthers akuda ndi nkhalango zotentha za ku Africa, Asia ndi South America. Nthawi zambiri, amakonda kukhala komwe anthu amakhala, koma pamakhalanso zochitika pamene amphaka amtchire amakhala m'midzi ndi m'mizinda.
Panther ndi wadyera. Chakudya chake chomwe amakonda – Nyama ya nyama zazikulu ndi zazing'ono zopanda pake, koma pazovuta kwambiri, imatha kukhutitsidwa ndi nyani, mazira a mbalame, ngakhalenso zipatso zamitengo. Ma panther mwachilengedwe amatha kudya popanda masiku 4-5. Ndipo anjala, amaimira mphamvu yowopsa yomwe imawopseza ngakhale anthu. Kuukira kwa anthu ogona siachilendo, ngakhale ng'ombe yolandidwa m'khola ndi chinthu wamba. Nthawi yomweyo, panther wothira bwino sangakhudze mwana, wokhala pampando wamtambo.
Nyamayi imasamala anthu omwe akuwavutitsa ndikupha pansi (nthawi zambiri pafupi ndikuthirira mabowo), ndipo imakonda kudya pamtengo, itagona pamimba pake ndikuphwanya nyama yayikulu ndi mutu wake. Pamenepo, pakati pa nthambi, pamtunda wopitilira mita isanu, iye anagona masana kusaka kosaka usiku.
Zambiri Zofalitsa
Mimba ya panther imatha miyezi itatu ndi itatu, pambuyo pake amphaka okongola amabadwa. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala awiri a iwo, ocheperapo - amodzi ndipo kawirikawiri - ana 4-5. Ana akuluakulu amakhala ndi amphaka omwe amakhala m'malo otentha. Panther ndi mayi wachikondi. Kwa kubereka, iye akuyang'ana malo osalala, amdima kutali ndi maso amtengo. Itha kukhala dzenje pansi pa mizu ya mitengo, kapena phanga, kapena dzenje.
Mphaka wamtchire nthawi yake yonse amakhala wakhanda. Samawasiya kwa mphindi imodzi ndipo salola kuti aliyense, ngakhale bambo ake, afikire ana ake. Mosazengereza, adzapereka moyo wake chifukwa cha iwo. Kwa masiku 10 oyambirira, panther samadya kapena kumwa, popeza samachoka kuphanga. Amakhutitsidwa ndi zomwe zamphongo zimabweretsa kwa iye, ndipo nthawi zina amabwera ndi njala. Amphaka akamawona ndi kuyamba kumva, mayi amapita pang'onopang'ono ku moyo wawo wakale, koma amapitiliza kusamalira ana mpaka atakwanitsa chaka chimodzi.
Woimira otchuka kwambiri amphaka zakutchire ndi heroine wa nthano "Mowgli" Kipling. Mwa njira, mu "The Jungle Book" choyambirira sichinali za Bagir wokongola, koma za munthu wokongola wotchedwa Bagir. Kusintha pakati pa amuna ndi akazi kunachitika kale kumasulira ku Chirasha.
Ndipo, zoona, Kipling si woyamba kuyika panther pazoyala. Mwachitsanzo, Achi Sumeriya adamuwona ngati mulungu wachikazi chonde ndi chikondi, Wachichaina adalumikizana ndi phale ndi mkazi paziwonetsero zake zonse, kwa Amwenye, nkhandwe yakuda ndiyo mawonekedwe a mphamvu zopanda malire komanso ulamuliro. Ngakhale chipembedzo chachikhristu sichinanyalanyaze nyama yapaderayi. Mu ndemanga yachihebri, dzina la mwamuna wa Mariya, Yosefe, limamasuliridwa kuti "panther," ndipo munthuyu adapatsidwa mphatso yakuchiritsa matenda ndi kupulumutsidwa kuimfa ina.
Nyama iyi ndiyachilendo kwambiri. Panther amalemekezedwa kwambiri ndi munthu, ndipo sizodabwitsa. Kupatula apo, si wokongola yekha wokongola. Malingaliro ake, nzeru, kuperewera ndi mantha osafunikira amayambitsa kusilira koona!
Chikhulupiriro
Panther wakuda ndikuwonetsera kwa melanism yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa majini. Chitsanzo cha kufalikira kwamphamvu kwa masinthidwe omwe amachititsa kuti mitundu isamamve bwino ndi kuchuluka kwa anyalugwe ku Malaysia, komwe pafupifupi 50% ya nyama ndi zakuda. Kwakukulu, pakati pa amphaka akuluakulu, melanism nthawi zambiri imakhala yofala kwambiri m'malo omwe akukhala m'nkhalango zowirira - chifukwa cha kuwunikira, nyama zamdima sizikuwoneka pano kuposa malo otseguka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisakhale bwino.
Khungu la panther wakuda silili lakuda bwino; malo omwe akutuluka nthawi zonse amawonekera kwambiri kapena pang'ono pang'onopang'ono. M'bukhu lake la Wild Animals of India, E. P. Gee adalemba kuti palinso "ma under-panther" omwe malo akuda amawonekera bwino motsutsana ndi poyambira chokoleti.
Kuphatikiza pa utoto, anthu akuda ndi owona tchuthi ndi mbewa sizimasiyananso, zimaberekana momasuka ndikupanga ana ochulukirapo. Ma mphika amtunduwu amakhala osiyana kwambiri - onse ang'ono ndi akuda. Koma izi sizachilendo chifukwa mtundu wakuda umatha kupuma ndipo nthawi zambiri umaponderezedwa ndi mtundu womwe umawona.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Panther wakuda Amakhala ndi moyo wakhama usiku, ngakhale nthawi zina amakhala otakataka masana. Kwenikweni, oimira mtunduwo ndi nyama zokhazokha ndipo nthawi zina amatha kukhala ndikusaka awiriawiri.
Nyama zambiri zakutchire ndizinyama zakutchire, kukula kwake ndikukhala osaka mwamphamvu zimadalira malo ndi kuchuluka kwa nyama (masewera) zomwe zimakhalamo, ndipo zimatha kusiyana 20 mpaka 180 makilomita lalikulu.
Chifukwa cha mtundu wakuda, pantheryi imaphimbidwa mosavuta m'nkhalango
Mtundu wakuda wa nyamayi umathandizira kuti ugone bwino kwambiri m'nkhalango, komanso kuthekera kosayenda pansi, komanso pamitengo kumapangitsa kuti nyamayi ikhale yosawoneka bwino kwa nyama zina ndi anthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale nyama yabwino kwambiri.
Panther ndi amodzi mwa nyama zokhetsa magazi kwambiri komanso zowopsa padziko lapansi, pali zochitika zambiri pamene nyama izi zimapha anthu m'nyumba zawo, nthawi zambiri usiku munthu akagona.
Munkhalangonso, nthawi zambiri, panther imatha kuukira munthu, makamaka ngati nyama ili ndi njala, ndikuzindikira kuti ma panther ndi amodzi mwa nyama zomwe zikuthamanga kwambiri padziko lapansi ndipo ndi anthu ochepa omwe amatha kupikisana nawo, ndizosatheka kuthawa.
Kuopsa, kusokonezeka komanso kukwiya kwa chikhalidwe cha nyama zodya ziwirizi kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuphunzitsanso, chifukwa chake ndizosatheka kuwona amphaka awa mozungulira, koma malo osamalira nyama padziko lonse ali okonzeka kugula nyama monga Panther wakuda.
Kupeza zilombo zoterezi pakati pa ziweto kumakopa anthu ambiri okonda nyama kumalo osungira nyama. M'dziko lathu, ma panther akuda ali m'malo osungira nyama a Ufa, Yekaterinburg, Moscow ndi St.
Halo la chinthu chopeka chimakhala chokhazikika ndimabatani akuda. Nyama iyi ndi yachilendo kwambiri ndipo imakoka ndi chiyambi chake. Ndi chifukwa chaichi pomwe munthu amagwiritsa ntchito mobwereza buluku m'moyo wake wakale, mwachitsanzo, Bagheera wodziwika bwino wa zojambula "Mowgli" ndi wakuda wakuda, ndipo kuyambira mu 1966 aku America akhala akumasula nthabwala zongopeka pansi pa izi. dzina lomwelo.
Asitikali alinso ndi mtundu wofanana ndi Black Panther, mwachitsanzo, aku South Korea adapanga ndikupanga thanki yotchedwa K2 Black Panther, koma aliyense mwina amakumbukira akasinja aku Germany pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko lonse lapansi yotchedwa Panther.
Posachedwa, monga mu 2017, aku America omwewo akulonjeza kuti atulutsa filimu yotengera sayansi yayitali yotchedwa The Black Panther. Mabungwe ambiri adziko lapansi amagwiritsa ntchito ma logo awo. zithunzi za zovala zakuda.
Imodzi mwa makampaniwa ndi kampani ya PUMA, yomwe logo ndi wakuda wakuda, chifukwa asayansi sanatsimikizire kuti cougars ochokera ku banja la mphaka ndi akuda.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Chinyama chakuda panther ndi nyama yolusa. Imasaka nyama zazing'ono ndi zazikuluzikulu, zokulirapo kangapo kuposa izi, mwachitsanzo, mbidzi, ankhono, njati ndi zina zotero.
Popeza amatha kudutsa mitengo, ma panther amapeza okha chakudya, mwachitsanzo, nyani. Nthawi zina amazunza ziweto monga ng'ombe, akavalo ndi nkhosa.
Amasaka makamaka kubisalira, kuzemba kwa wolondera pafupi, kulumpha mwachangu ndi mwachangu kukapeza chakudya chamtsogolo. Nyama zofunidwa sizimayenda ndipo zimaphedwa ndikuluma m'khosi, kenako ndikugona pansi, ndikuyang'ana pansi ndikuyang'ana pansi, zimadya nyama pang'onopang'ono, ndikuzigwetsa kuchokera pamtembo wa wozunzidwayo ndi mikwingwirima yakuthwa mmbali zawo.
Nyama yomwe munthu wakuda samadyera imabisidwa pamtengo wina
Nthawi zambiri, pofuna kupulumutsa chakudya cham'tsogolo, mbalamezo zimatulira nyama zotsala pamitengoyi, pomwe nyama zomwe zimangokhala pansi sizingafikire. Akuluakulu amadyetsa ana awo ang'ono ndi kunyamula mtembo kwa iwo, koma samathandiza ana ang'onoang'ono kubera nyama yakufa.
Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali
Kutha msamba kumafikiridwa ndi zaka 2,5 mpaka zitatu za moyo. Chifukwa chokhala nyengo yotentha nthawi zonse, ma panther akuda amabereka chaka chonse. Pambuyo umuna, wamkazi amafufuza malo abwino ndi otetezeka pobala mwana, nthawi zambiri awa amakhala mabowo, zotchinga ndi matako.
Mimba imatenga pafupifupi miyezi 3-3,5. Nthawi zambiri imabala mwana m'modzi kapena awiri, nthawi zambiri amphaka ana atatu kapena anayi akhungu. Pafupifupi masiku khumi atabereka, mkazi samachotsa mwana wake wonse, kumudyetsa mkaka.
Mu chithunzi, wachinyamata wakuda wakuda
Kuti achite izi, m'mbuyomu amasungira chakudya kuti adye panthawiyi kapena adya chakudya chomwe chimabweretsa. Panther amasamalira kwambiri ana awo, ngakhale amphaka atawonedwa ndipo amatha kuyendayenda pawokha, mayiyo samachokapo, kuwaphunzitsa chilichonse, kuphatikizapo kusaka. Pofika chaka cha moyo, nthawi zambiri ana amasiya amayi awo ndikuyamba kudzilimira. Ana agalu okongola kwambiri komanso okongola.
Nthawi yayitali yomwe munthu amakhala ndi penti yakuda ndi zaka 10-12. Zosadabwitsa, koma mu ukapolo nyama zapadera izi zimakhala ndi nthawi yayitali - mpaka zaka 20. Kuthengo, nyama zakutchire zitatha zaka 8-10 kuti zikhale zopanda ntchito, kufunafuna nyama zosavuta, musanyoze kunyamula konse, pazaka izi zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti azisaka nyama zamphamvu, mothamanga komanso zolimba.
Chifukwa chiyani panther yakuda?
Panther wakuda amayamba chifukwa cha masinthidwe apadera amtundu wa nyama omwe amadziwika kuti melanism. Kusinthika kotereku ndikofala kwambiri pakati pa oimira nyama zamphaka, mwachitsanzo, ku Malaysia, pafupifupi theka la nyalugwe zonse zakuda zomwe zimakhala zakuda chifukwa cha melanini ndipo, kwenikweni, ndi zakuda zakuda.
Mtundu wakuda wa nyama izi nthawi zambiri umakhala wofunikira kwambiri (chilengedwe chimakhala chanzeru nthawi zonse), popeza pali mitundu yambiri yakuda munkhalango zowirira, pomwe, popanda magetsi, nyama zakuda sizidziwika, zomwe zimapangitsa moyo wawo kukhala wosavuta.
Panther: kufotokozera, kapangidwe, mawonekedwe. Kodi pantele imawoneka bwanji?
Chizindikiro cha panther iliyonse ndi siginecha yake yakuda. Ngakhale mutayang'anitsitsa panther, mutha kuwona kuti chovala chake chimakutidwa ndi mawanga amdima osiyanasiyana, zonsezi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mtundu wakuda.
Ma panther ndi nyama zazikulu zomwe zimadya nyama; Thupi limatha ndipo limafikira mpaka mikono iwiri.
Ma panther amakhalanso ndi miyendo inayi yamphamvu komanso yayikulu, yokhala ndi zibwano zazitali komanso zakuthwa zomwe zimaloza zala zala (kapangidwe kake kanali kofanana ndi kamene amaimira kwambiri amphaka - mphaka wa kunyumba).
Mutu wa Panther ndi wamkulu kwambiri, pang'ono kutalika, pamwamba pamutu pali makutu ang'ono. Maso a panter amakhala pakati ndi ana akulu. Panther amakhalanso ndi mano akuthwa komanso nsagwada zamphamvu.
Tsitsi la panther limapezeka mthupi lonse, palinso mchira wautali kwambiri, womwe nthawi zina umatha kukhala theka kutalika kwa nyamayo.
Kodi panther amakhala kuti?
A Panther amakhala m'malo ambiri, ambiri a iwo amakhala kumayiko aku Africa, makamaka kumapiri a Ethiopia ndi Kenya. Amapezeka ku Asia ndi South America, zokhazokha, ma panther akuda aku South America ali ndi kusiyana kwakukulu kuchokera ku ma panther akuda a ku Asia, kumene ali mlengalenga wakuda, pomwe ku Asia ali akhate akuda.
Kodi panther amadya chiyani?
Malo ogona onse ndi oopsa komanso owopsa, ndipo ndi amodzi mwa oopsa pakati pa mphaka. Ngati panther ali ndi njala, amatha kuukira mosavuta masewera aliwonse apafupi, kuphatikiza anthu. Koma nthawi zambiri pa nkhomaliro, panther amapeza herbivores osiyanasiyana: mbidzi, buffalos, antelopes. Nthawi zina panther samasokoneza kudya nyani. Ziweto: ng'ombe, nkhosa, akavalo, nawonso osasiyidwa munkhalangomo, ali ndi mwayi wokhala chakudya chamadzi.
Panthers nthawi zonse amasaka usiku, mumdima, chifukwa cha mtundu wakuda, amakhala osawoneka, zomwe zimawalola kuwona mosavuta kuti agwiritse ntchito.
Moyo Panther
Ma Panthers, ngati nthumwi zenizeni za banja la mphaka, ndiwosamalira enieni omwe amakonda kukhala amodzi nthawi imodzi, kapena awiriawiri achimuna + achikazi. Nthawi zina amatha kusonkhana monyadira, monga momwe mikango imachitira, kupanga banja laling'ono la ma panther, koma izi sizichitika nthawi zambiri.
Panther ndi nyama zamtunda, paphiri lililonse lili ndi gawo lake, titero kunena, malo osakira, komwe sikuli koyenera kuti ma panther ena alowemo.
Ma Panthers amakhala ndi moyo wamadzulo, womwe umakonzedwa kwambiri ndi mtundu wakuda, chifukwa chomwe kusaka usiku ndi kosaka ndikwabwino kuposa kuthamangitsa masewera masana.
Kuswana kwambewu
Ana amapita kutha msinkhu atakwanitsa zaka 2-3. Ndipo popeza amakhala m'malo otentha nthawi zonse, amatha kubereka chaka chonse. Wamphongo, atapeza wamkazi woyenera, amalowa naye mu kugonana.Atakhala ndi pakati, wamkazi amafunafuna malo otetezeka komanso oyenera kubereka.
Mimba yakeyo palulu wamkazi imatenga miyezi itatu ndi itatu. Nthawi zambiri, phukusi limaberekera ana amphaka awiri kapena atatu (chabwino, osati amphaka), ngati ana amphaka wamba, poyamba amakhala akhungu, ndipo kenako maso awo amawaduka. Poyamba, amayi panther sanasiye ana awo, kuwapatsa mkaka, pomwe abambo, ngati wowona weniweni, amabweretsa chakudya.
Mwambiri, ana aubweya amasamalira kwambiri ana awo, ndipo atakalamba, mayi wapabanja amaphunzitsa ana ake kusuntha, kusaka ndi kupusitsa zina mwa moyo wawo wokonda kugona. Pantheryi ikafika chaka, imakhala itayamba kale kukhala chinyama chodziyimira payokha.
Zambiri zosangalatsa za panthers
- Pulher anali wotchuka kwambiri mu chikhalidwe chotchuka chifukwa cha wolemba Wachingelezi Kipling "Mowgli", monga timakumbukira, munthu wakuda yemwe amakhala wotchedwa Bagheera anali m'modzi mwa anthu abwino m'buku lino.
- A Panther adapeza malo ake otsogolera, monga momwe zimakhazikitsira mafumu achi England a Henry IV ndi a Henry VI.
- Monga chida champhamvu komanso kulimba mtima, pantheryo amakhala atavala manja a dziko la Africa ku Gabon.
Black Panther, kanema
Ndipo pamapeto pake, kanema wokondweretsa wonena za wakuda wakuda / nyalugwe.
Polemba nkhani, ndinayesetsa kuti ikhale yosangalatsa, yothandiza komanso yapamwamba kwambiri momwe ndingathere. Ndingayamikire kwambiri chifukwa cha ndemanga iliyonse komanso kutsutsa kopindulitsa mwa ndemanga pankhaniyi. Mutha kulembanso zomwe mukufuna / funso / lingaliro ku makalata anga [email protected] kapena Facebook, mwaulemu.
Nkhaniyi ikupezeka mu Chingerezi - Black Panther Animal.
Kufotokozera ndi Makhalidwe
Ziwopsezo zazikulu za banja la amphaka ndi zizindikiro za kusungunuka zinayamba kudziwika kuti ndi anthu. Mbiri ya dzinali imabwereranso ku Chilatini, Greek, zilankhulo zakale za Indian, kutanthauza "tiger". Zabodza komanso zowona zokhudzana ndi moyo wa panther ndizolumikizana bwino.
Kutengera kwachilengedwe kwa nyama kumakhala kusokonezeka kapena njira yoteteza m'malo ovuta. Mtundu wakuda umawonekera kwambiri kwa nyama zolusa, zomwe zakhala nthawi yayitali m'nkhalango zomwe sizingadutse, kumene dzuwa silifikako. M'matchuke akhungu, khungu la utoto wa usiku limathandizira kupulumuka.
Zovala zakuda ndizophatikiza oimira owopsa a adani:
Ku Malaysia, theka la nyalugwe aliyense amatha kutchulidwa ngati ma panther kutengera mtundu wakuda wa nyama.
Panther si mtundu wosiyana, koma mtundu wa feline womwe wasintha mtundu
Ziphuphu zakuda sizimakhalapo, ngakhale kusintha kwamtundu komwe kumatsogolera ku melanism kumachitika mwa ngakhale nkhandwe zomwe zimatchedwa foxes. Kutali, mtundu wa zikopa za zikuluzikulu za nyama zimawoneka ngati zofanana, koma pafupi ndi inu mungathe kuwona malo omwe akutuluka pachithunzi chakuda.
Kuphatikiza pa utoto, anthu ena amtunduwu ndiosiyana ndi abale awo. Kuoloka kumapereka ana a multicolor: chokoleti, chofiyira, chamawanga, nthawi zambiri chakuda. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndi malamulo a genetics, malingana ndi omwe, mtundu wamtundu wakuda umaponderezedwa ndi ena.
Pazithunzi zambiri za panthers zakuda, mumatha kuwona
- Nthomba zaku South America, zomwe zikuwonetsa mtundu wina wamtundu wina,
- Akalulu aku Africa kapena aku Asia omwe ali ndi mtundu wamtundu wobwerera.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti dzina loti "panther" limagwiritsidwa ntchito ku nyama zina zamkati zomwe zimakhala ndi khungu loyera, loyera. Komabe, khadi loyitanitsa la chithunzi chapamwamba ndi Mephistopheles. Mu mtundu wakuda wakuda mumakhala ma buluu, imvi ndi utoto.
Panther wakuda - Chinyama kukula kwakukulu. Kutalika kwa thupi - mpaka 2 metres, kutalika - pafupifupi 70 masentimita, kulemera - 50-60 kg. Thupi lokhazikika la nyama zomwe zimadyerana ndizosinthasintha, kukoka, kukongola. Matamba olimba, zibwano zazikulu pazala, zomwe chirombo chimakoka ngati mphaka.
Mchirawo ungakhale wofanana ndi theka kutalika kwa thupi. Amuna ndi okulirapo pafupifupi 25% kuposa akazi.
Mutu wa nyama ndi waukulu, pang'ono pang'ono. Makutu ndi maso ang'ono. Maso a nyama yolusa, yoboola komanso yozizira. Nsagwada zamphamvu, mano owongoka amathandizira chithunzi cha chilombo chopanda tanthauzo.
Ma panther ambiri amakhala ankhanza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nyamayo ikhale yoopsa.
Anthu ambiri akale ankakhulupirira wakuda panther - nyama totem. Chisomo, ukulu, mphamvu, komanso kufuna-kutengera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azilambira nyama yapadera komanso yamphamvu. Kuthamanga kwa panther kuthamanga kumafika ku 80 km / h, kutalika kwa kudumpha kuli mpaka 6 metres.
Wodziyimira pawokha amawonetsedwa atakwiya, ndi lawi lochokera mkamwa mwake, makutu. Pofotokozera, wapatsidwa zinthu zokongola, zomwe zimayimbidwa ndi kuyimba kwake kwamatsenga, komwe kumakopa nyama zina kupatula chinjoka. Amathawa panther.
Kwenikweni, panther imakhala ndi larynx yapadera, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wofalitsa mawu oyipa, osangalatsa amoyo mumdima.
Titha kulankhula za mitundu ya nyama yokhotakhota, popeza chikhalidwe cha nyama chimatengera masinthidwe amtundu wina wodziwika wa banja la mphaka: kambuku (nyalugwe), nyalugwe, mkango ndi njati.
Leopard panther imaposa mikango ndi akambuku mwachangu komanso mwamphamvu. Kutha kukwera mitengo, miyala, kuyankha kwabwino, kusawopa kumawapangitsa kukhala amphaka apamwamba. Anthu achi Sumerians akale ankazindikira kuti ma mulungu achikondi ndi milungu yachikazi ya kubereka komanso chikondi.
Jaguar panthers nawonso ndi apadera pakumatha kwawo kukhala m'malo osiyanasiyana. Amwenyewo ankawatcha milungu yaumdima, ndipo kubangula kwa nyama kumadziwika kuti ndi mabingu.
Kuswana kwachilendo kwa ma hybrids, i.e. kudutsa kwa panther ndi amphaka ena amtchire, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwoneke:
- Tigon - wosakanizira wa mkango wamkango (wapamwamba) ndi nyalugwe,
- ligra - wosakanizidwa wa chigress ndi mkango (panther),
- nyalugwe - wosakanizidwa wa mkango wamphamvu ndi nyalugwe (panther),
- pumaparda - wosakanizidwa wa puma ndi nyalugwe (panther).
Mu chilengedwe, ma hybrids samapezeka chifukwa cha magulu osiyanasiyana amiyendo ndi mikango. Kubadwa kwa mphaka za mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokhudzana ndi nyama kumakhala kotetezeka kwa malo osungira nyama, zozungulira.
Liger amabadwa nthawi zambiri kuposa agon. Makhalidwe olowa kwa papa amapambana pakuonekera kwa mphaka. Mpaka pano, abuluzi ndi amphaka akuluakulu kwambiri, omwe kukula kwake kumafikira mita 4, kulemera - zoposa 300 kg. Palibe chovuta kupeza ana kuchokera kwa iwo.
Ziphuphu zimawonekera pafupipafupi. Pambuyo pobadwa, makanda nthawi zambiri amakhala opweteka komanso ofooka. Kukula kwa achikulire ndi kocheperako poyerekeza ndi kwa makolo.
Monga chikumbutso cha kukhalako kwa nyalugwe ndi pumapard, nyama zokhazo zomwe zatsala kuti ziwonongedwe zinatsala. Ofufuza ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kuyesera koyesa kubereka nyama zodabwitsazi ndi kopanda pake.
Moyo & Habitat
Kutalika kwa malo okhala. Anthu ambiri ali ku Asia, South America, kumadera aku Africa. Ngati nyalugwe zakuda ndizofala kwambiri m'mapiri a ku Ethiopia, ndiye kuti mbawala zakuda zimakhala kumapiri aku America.
Kuthengo, kumapiri kumakopeka ndi nkhalango zamvula, m'munsi mwa mapiri. Malo komwe wakuda amakhala, nthawi zambiri yopanda malire komanso kutali ndi malo okhala. Mukakumana ndi munthu, nyama sizimawonetsa ukali ngati sizili ndi njala ndipo sizifunikira kudziteteza. Wotsogoza woopsa ali ndi machenjerero ake komanso ali ndi mphamvu zambiri.
Zovala zakuda sizikhala usiku. Mtundu umawapatsa mwayi wofunikira pakusaka. Amayenda mwakachetechete, osalala, chifukwa kununkhira kwawo kwabwino kumapangitsa kuti asamaoneke mosavuta.
Masana, atayenda mtunda wautali m'nkhalango zowirira, abedi amagona kwa nthawi yayitali pakati pa nthambi. Zosangalatsa, amapeza malo omwe ali m'mitengo yayitali pamtunda wa 4-5 metres.
Chikhalidwe cha zinyama chimadziwika ndi njira zamkati, mphamvu, kutsimikiza. Kuyesera kupangitsa kuti nyamayo ikhale yoweta, bukuli lidatha polephera. Chifukwa chake, ndizosowa kwambiri kuwona ma panther akuda mumaseweredwe a circus.
Sangaphunzitsidwe. Chokhacho chomwe chimakopa kwambiri ma panther ku Europe chimachitika ndi Maritsa Zapashnaya. Kusasinthika kwanyama nthawi zonse kumalumikizidwa ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu pakugwira nawo ntchito.
Awa ndi amodzi munkhokwe zawo, amakonda kukhala kwayekha kapena m'mabanja. Kupanga kunyada, ngati mkango, sichachilendo. Munthu aliyense kapena gawo lirilonse liri ndi gawo lawolo, lomwe malire ake ndi osaloledwa kwa abale.
Ma panther amaonedwa kuti ndi omwe amakonda kwambiri magazi kuposa ena oimira feline. Nyama yanjala simasankha wozunzidwa, imathamangira kuzamoyo zonse. Ma Panther alibe mantha pamaso pa aliyense. Munthu wansangala amatha kufikira munthu payekha, mosiyana ndi achibale ena ochenjera.
Nyama zakutchire nthawi zonse zimakhala zokongola m'malo osungira nyama. Alendo ochokera kumaiko osiyanasiyana asonyeza chidwi kuthengo. Chinsinsi cha mayiko ena, zinsinsi za okhalamo zimakopa anthu omwe amapanga zizindikiro za zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana. Palibe changozi kuti fano la Panthera Bagheera m'buku la Kipling "Mowgli" lidatchuka kwambiri.
Chochititsa chidwi chinaonedwa ndi mafani a wolemba Chingerezi. Nkhaniyo imawonekera wamphongo wakuda Bagir. Koma mkusintha, mtundu wa umunthu unasinthidwa, monga liwu loti panther ndi chachikazi. Kuphatikiza apo, chisomo chibadidwe m'chifaniziro, chisomo, nzeru, kukongola nthawi zambiri zimadziwika kuti ngwazi.
Ndi chipiriro chachikulu, ma panther amatha kutsatira nyama kwa maola ambiri.
Chosakwanira bwino
Chikopa chachimuna cha ku Asia chokhala ndi utoto wautoto pafupi kwambiri.
Lingaliro pafupi ndi melanism ndi chosakwanira melse kapena pseudo-melanism ("kuchuluka")
- mkhalidwe womwe umachulukitsa khungu kapena zopindika zina sizimachitika chimodzimodzi, koma m'malo osiyanasiyana. Pseudo-melanism imapezeka mu nyalugwe. Ndi zochuluka, mwachitsanzo, mawanga kapena mikwingwirima mu nyama zokhala ndi mawanga kapena zowala zamtambo zitha kukulira kukulungunuka, zomwe zimatsogolera ku zomwe zimatchedwa pseudo-melanism. Mchitidwe wambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa thupi nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa masinthidwe, komanso kumachitika chifukwa cha zinthu zina, monga mphamvu ya kutentha nthawi yapakati, yomwe imakhudza kusintha kwa kusintha kwa matanthauzidwe amitundu.
Mu mbiriyakale ndi nthano
Gawoli silikuwonetsa zambiri pazambiri. |
Zambiri ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa, apo ayi zitha kufunsidwa ndikuchotsedwa. Mutha kusintha nkhaniyi powonjezera maulalo pazovomerezeka. Chizindikiro ichi Marichi 3, 2019
Heraldic panther
Malaya ankhondo aku Gabon
- The heraldic panther nthawi zonse amasonyezedwa kuti "wokwiya
", Ndiye kuti, kupumira moto (wokwiyira), ndi lawi lomwe limatuluka mkamwa ndi makutu. Cholengedwa chikufotokozedwa ngati chokongola komanso chabwino. Pamene pantheryo amadzuka kugona, amayamba kuimba mokweza, ndikuwulutsa mpweya wabwino mkamwa mwake, kotero kuti nyama zonse zimamutsatira (kupatula chinjoka, yemwe akuwopa panther ndikuthawa). - Panther anali choyimira (baji
) Mafumu aku England Henry IV ndi Henry VI. Nthawi zina amamuwonetsedwa ngati nyama wamba monga panther, nthawi zina (makamaka mu gulu lankhondo lachi Germany) ngati cholengedwa chokhala ndi nyanga zinayi, makutu amphaka ndi lilime lalitali ofiira ngati lawi lamoto. - Pa chizindikiro cha dziko la Africa ku Gabon, maulendo awiri akuda atenga chishango ndikuwapatsa "chidwi ndi kulimba mtima kwa mkulu wa dziko la Gabon."
Zina zambiri
Choyamba, pezani nyama zomwe zimatchedwa cougars ndi panther. Cougars ndi mitundu yoyimira yachilengedwe. Mitundu ya amphaka oterowo amakhalanso cougars. Ichi ndi nyama yolusa yomwe imakhala ku America ndi Canada.
Cougar
Dzinalo "panther" ndi losamveka. Choyamba, mawu ngati amenewa satanthauza nyama zapadera, koma banja lalikulu lonse. Ndipo mitundu yomwe ikuphatikizidwamo ndi iyi: nyalugwe wokhala ndi utoto, mkango wokhala ndi mamuna, komanso nkhandwe zowala ndi nyalugwe.
Pakati pa ma panther awa, nyama zapadera zimawonekera. Chifukwa cha mtundu wawo, amatchedwa "panthers wakuda". Izi, kachiwiri, sizinthu zamtundu winawake, koma anthu payekhapayekha, nthawi zambiri kuchokera ku mitundu ya anyalugwe. Zovala zakuda zakuda zimatha kubadwa kuchokera ku nyama zomwe zimakhala ndi mtundu wabwinobwino pamodzi ndi ana ena ndi utoto wanthawi zonse.
Panther wakuda
Anthu okhala kumeneko, monga lamulo, mawu amodzi akuti "panther" amatcha pantera wakuda uyu. Tiziyerekeza ndi maluwa.
Jaguar
Woyimira uyu waku America wa mphaka pakuwoneka kwake ali wofanana kwambiri ndi kambuku, komabe, nthawi yomweyo, nthawi imodzimodziyo amawonjezera kukula kwake ndi mphamvu. Sikuti munthu aliyense amatha kusiyanitsa nthabwala ndi nyalugwe, amasiyanitsidwa wina ndi mzake ndi kukula kwa mawanga.
Jaguar ndi nyama yolusa yochokera ku banja la mphaka komanso mtundu. M'madera onse aku America, nyama iyi ndiyomwe imayimira gulu lomwe latchulidwa kale. M'mabanja a fline jaguars, amakhala m'malo wachitatu kukula.
Nyamayi ndiyosavuta kuzindikira momwe imakhalira chilengedwe, m'malo mwake, mumatha kuyimva kaye, kenako ndikuyiwona ndi maso anu. Malinga ndi akatswiri a zochizira nyama, mawu a kambuku akufanana ndi chifuwa cha nkhwangwa chamakuwa.
Nkhani yosangalatsa ya anayi abwino kwambiri
23.11.2015
Mbiri ya gululi ili yodzaza ndi zovuta. Tiyeni tibwerere m'mbuyomu zaka makumi asanu ndikukumbukira zomwe ngwazizi ndizodabwitsa kwambiri.
Pambuyo pake, a Black Panther adawoneka ngati mlendo mu nthano za anthu ena ndipo mu 1968 adalowa nawo gulu la Avenger, nadzakhala m'modzi mwa akuluakulu a gululi. Adalandira gawo lalikulu mu 1973 mu umodzi mwa zipilala za combo Jungle Action. Kutulutsa kwakukulu kumeneku, komwe kumatchedwa kuti Pageher's Rage, kumawerengedwa ngati buku loyambirira kwambiri m'mbiri ya Marvel - malinga ndi otsutsa, ndipamene wosindikiza adanenapo zoyamba nkhani yokha komanso yosakwanira.
Black Panther adalandira nthabwala imodzi yokha zaka 11 atawonekera koyamba mu 1977.
Falconyo idawonekera patatha zaka zitatu Panther, a Luke Cage - patatha zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi (ngakhale Luka anali woyamba kulandira mndandanda wodzilemba pawokha). T'Challa isanachitike, kunalibe zozizwitsa zakuda pano - ndipo izi zidamupangitsa kukhala mmodzi wa otchulidwa kwambiri mu chikhalidwe cha ku America. Ndipo ngakhale Falcon ndi Wankhondo adawonekera mu sinema ya Marvel pamaso pa Panther, iye anali woyamba wa ngwazi zakuda za cinema kulandira filimu yoyimba. Izi zimawonedwa ndi ambiri kuti ndi njira yopewera - mwachitsanzo, magazini ya Rolling Stone, ngakhale kutulutsidwa kusanachitike kutchedwa kutembenuka mtima.
M'mbuyomu, mu 1998, filimu yabwino kwambiri yokhudza mabuku azithunzi za Blade idatulutsidwa. Koma sikunali kokwanira kuti azithunzithunzi akuda akwane gawo la kanema mu maudindo oyamba.
Chosangalatsa: titha kuwona kanema wonena za Panther wakuda ndi Wesley Snipes pamutu wankhani. Nyenyezi ya Blade idakonda kwambiri T'Challa ndipo idalemba
Kanema watsopano wa Marvel amayang'ana kwambiri zikhalidwe zaku Africa America. Nyimbo zosewerera kanemayo zidalembedwa ndi Kendrick Lamar, ndipo wotsogolera ndi ma script ndi omwe amatsogolera Ryan Kugler, yemwe anali wokondedwa ndi omwe amatsutsa "" Fruitvale "komanso omvera pa sewero la masewera" Creed: The Rocky Legacy ". Kwa mafani a chilengedwe cha sinema cha Marvel, momwe amuna oyera okha ndi omwe anali otchulidwa, iyi ndiyeso yoyamba yolimba ya kulolera, monga momwe zidalili ndi ma comic. Tinaona zofanana pa Netflix mu mndandanda wa "Luka Cage".
Nthawi yomweyo, Marvel sanapezerepo mwayi pachikhalidwe ichi. Komabe, T'Challa si waku America, anabadwira ku Africa, ndipo filimuyi yambiri imakhala ya Wakanda ndi miyambo yake. Ndipo mfumu ikuyembekezeka kupanga zisankho zovuta zandale, chifukwa dziko lake liyenera kukhalabe lokhazikika komanso lodziyimira pawokha, lomwe otsutsa safuna mkati ndi kunja.
Kapangidwe kwakunja
Popanda mchira, kutalika kwa mphaka ili kuyambira 120 mpaka 180 cm, mchira - 45 - 75 cm. Kulemera kwa nyama kumatha kusiyana 30 mpaka 120 kg. Kutalika kwa mphaka kufota ndi masentimita 68 - 81.
Mu malo okhala zachilengedwe, nyama zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito zachilengedwe zimakhala zaka pafupifupi 10. Ali ku ukapolo, ena oyerekeza anakhalabe ndi moyo zaka 25. Chiwopsezo cha kufa kwa nyama chimapezeka pazaka ziwiri zokha.
Chithunzi mu zaluso
- Bagheera, wamwamuna wakuda wakuda (chikhodzera chamimba), ndi m'modzi mwa otchulidwa kwambiri a "The Jungle Book" a Rudyard Kipling. Komabe, pamasulidwe akale aku Russia oti "Mowgli", komanso katuni yaku Soviet "Mowgli" Bagira akuwonetsedwa ngati wachikazi, ndichifukwa chake chithunzi cha Bagira pampando wa Soviet chikazi.
- Maonekedwe ochititsa chidwi a panther (mphaka wakuda wokhala ndi maso oyaka) adapangitsa kuti panther akhale chizindikiro chenicheni cha mayi woopsa, wokongola, wodekera komanso wanzeru, mwachitsanzo, heroine Nastasya Kinsky waku kanema "Cat People".
- Pantro ndi munthu wotchuka mu Thunder Cats ya 1985 (1985 ndi 2011), anthropomorphic wakuda panther, komanso mwakuthupi wamphamvu kwambiri.
- Guenhwyvar ndi wamkulu panther m'mabuku a Robert Salvatore, The Drizzt Saga. Mnzake wa mdera wakuda Drizzt Do'rdena.
- Pink Panther ndi dzina la makanema angapo onena za diamondi ya dzina lomweli, komanso wotchuka wamakatuni (Pinky), yemwe adamupatsa ulemu.
- Princess Romy ndi anthropomorphic panther mu mndandanda wazosangalatsa Padziko Lonse Lapansi ndi Willy Fog ndi Willy Fog 2.
- Black Panther ndi buku la Marvel comic book superhero lomwe limavala zida zosinthika zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizioneka ngati panther yakuda.
Mbiri yakupeza kwa Puma
Anthu adziwa mphaka wamtunduwu waku America kwa nthawi yayitali, ku Middle Ages kulongosola koyamba kwasayansi, komwe kudapangidwa ndi Spanish Count Pedro Sierra Leon, yemwe adapeza zambiri zachilengedwe ndipo adakhala nthawi yayitali akukhala mozungulira ku Central ndi South America. Ntchito ya Mbiri ya ku Peru, yolembedwa ndi iye, ndiye buku lonse loyambirira loyenda.
Mphaka wamtchire wa ku Spaniard uja adadziwitsidwa kumafuko aku India, omwe adatenga nyama zomwe zinali m'nkhalangoyi mozama. Chifukwa chake, kwa a Inca, a Puma nthawi zonse akhala akuyimira milungu yakumwamba, chifukwa ma Apache - oletsa imfa, kwa a Cherokee, nyamazi zinali zosawerengeka komanso zopatulika.
Spain itatha kukhala akapolo a Central ndi South America, nthawi zovutirapo idadza kwa aliyense - kwa amwenye amderali, oyimira maluwa ndi nyama, komanso olowa okha. Zowukira za Pumas zazikuluzikulu m'misasa nthawi iliyonse zimatha pakutha kwa ng'ombe ndi nyulu, ndipo Amwenye sanalole kuti Asipanya aphe nyama zopatulika. Ngakhale mphatso zamtengo wapatali kwa atsogoleri sizinathe kugwedeza kupirira kwa asirikali. Kupatula apo, amwenye amakhulupirira kuti a Cougars amateteza mafuko awo kuti asatenge mizimu yoyipa ndipo anali okonzeka kudziphera okha nyulu.
Ma Cougars panthawiyi ankakhala m'madera ambiri - pafupifupi kuchokera kum'mwera kwa chilumba cha Alaskan kupita ku Strait of Magellan. Mapeto ake, asodzi oyera adapambana - Pumas adatchedwa usodzi wambiri. Poyamba, adayenda pansi pa mawu oti ateteze ziweto, koma kenako a Yankees adakonda zisakasa zausodzi okha kuchokera ku zisangalalo zankhanza - zikopa za chic, ma fangali, zibwano, ndipo okhalamo sanakane nyama yamphaka izi.
Podzafika kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 20, amphaka okongolawa atatsala pang'ono kutha. Tsopano kusaka Pumas ku America ndi koletsedwa, kuchuluka kwa anthu akubwezeretsedwa kwambiri m'malo osungirako nyama ndi m'malo osungira anthu.
Kulota kwa Puma
Anthu nthawi zonse amakopeka ndi nyama yodabwitsayi, ngakhale ma esotericism akuyesera kutanthauzira maloto ndi mphaka wamtchireyu.
- Nthawi zambiri mphaka walota ndi amene amayambitsa nkhani yatsopano yachikondi.
- Ngati mumalota kusaka nyama, ndiye kuti muyenera kuganizira za moyo wanu wa uzimu, kuyambiranso moyo.
- Ngati mumalota za Cougar wogwidwa kapena wogwidwa mumsampha, izi zikuwonetsa kulephera pazinthu zachikondi.
- Chilombo chathanzi, chokongola, chikuyenda modzitama modzitchinjiriza, chizindikiro cha nyonga, ukulu, kukongola, chilengedwe chaukadaulo, chidwi.
- Ngati Mkango Wamphiri ukalota mkazi, ndiye kuti nthawi zambiri pamakhala miseche yambiri komanso miseche yoyandikira momuzungulira ndipo nthawi zambiri iye amawakwiyitsa.
- Kwa bambo, loto ndi Puma limayimira kusakhutira pogonana, kukhumba.
- Ngati Cougar amalota za zingwe ndi zotupa, izi ndiye lingaliro lomwe muyenera kuwongolera zolakalaka zanu ndi zolakalaka zanu.
- Chilombo chakwiya chikuyimira mikangano yambiri.
- Wamkazi wachinyamata komanso waluso Puma ndi chizindikiro cha moyo wodekha komanso wathanzi.
- Amuna ovuta - chenjezo lazovuta zomwe zikuyandikira pamoyo wanu komanso wamabizinesi.
- Ngati Mountain Mkango ulota pa nthawi yakusaka, ndiye kuti m'moyo munthu ayenera kutsatira malo osavomerezeka munthawi zovuta kuti apewe zovuta zamtsogolo.
- Ngati chinyama chooneka chagona panthambi ya mtengo, ndipo amene ali mtulo chikufuna, pamenepo, zambiri zomwe tikuyembekezera sizingachitike.
- Ngati Puma akuchita mantha, koma kuyandikira m'maloto kwa munthu, izi zikuwonetsa kukwaniritsidwa kwakukwanira kwa malingaliro onse.
Mtundu
Mtundu wa chovalachi umapangitsa kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa puma ndi panther. Utoto wamtunduwu umakhala wofiirira, wowala kapena wamdima, komanso kuwonjezera kwa imvi kapena kufiyira. Samagwira pansi torso. Pamutu (makutu ndi muzzle) ndi mchira pali zizindikiro zautsi. Chinyama chachikulu sichikhala ndi mawanga ndi mikwingwirima, ngakhale mumphaka zazitali zimatha kuwoneka kwakanthawi pamiyendo ndi mchira wake.
Pakati pa mitengo yakuwala mpaka pano, palibe chosungunuka chomwe chidadziwika, ndiko kuti, anthu omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe achilendo omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala amdima kwambiri. Panther ndi choimba. Mtundu wake wakuda ndi chifukwa cha zochita za majini ena. Ndiyenera kunena kuti khungu la nyama yabwinoyi, yokongola mochititsa kasoyo siili yakuda kwenikweni, ndipo kuyang'ana pakatikati sipangawonekebe.
Silhouette
Thupi la amphaka onse awiri limasinthasintha, lomwe limawathandiza kulanda nyama. Onse ali ndi mchira wautali. Koma miyendo yakumbuyo ya puma ndi yayikulu kwambiri komanso yayitali kuposa kutsogolo. Izi zimathandizira kukweza kwa msana wake. The panther ili ndi mzere kwambiri kumbuyo. Komanso mutu wa panther ndi wokulirapo mulingo wofanana ndi phokoso lam'madzi.
Zikumveka
Puma amatha kuponya kulira kwachilendo. Koma mumatha kuwamva iwo akukhwima. Munthawi zabwinobwino, imakhala nyama yokhala chete. Phaphalali lili ngati mphaka wapakhomo yemwe amatha kutulutsa mbere. Koma kuchokera panther simudzamva oyera. Koma zilombozo zimatha kulira mokweza, zomwe zimathandizidwa ndi chida chake chamkokomo.