Lynx yaku Europe ili ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wa amphaka amphaka, imafikira kukula kwa galu wamkulu. Malinga ndi dzinalo, lynx amakhala ku Europe.
Kutalika kwa thupi la lynx waku Europe kumayambira masentimita 82-105, kuphatikiza mchira 20-31 sentimita. Kulemera kwa thupi kumafika pa kilogalamu 8-15. M'nyengo yozizira, kulemera kwa amuna kumafika ma kilogalamu 18-20.
Lynx wamba (Lynx lynx).
Ndizachilendo m'maiko monga Finland, Scandinavia, Albania, Romania, Yugoslavia, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Greece, Poland, ndi aku Carpathians aku Ukraine. Komanso achi lynxes aku Europe amakhala ku Russia.
Kufotokozera kwa European Lynx
Thupi limakhala lakuthwa, lalifupi. Msonga wa mchira udulidwapo. Miyendo ndi yolimba komanso yayitali, makutu ndi opindika patali, malekezero ake amaloledwa ndikukongoletsedwa ndi ngayaye. Mutu wake ndi wozungulira, wocheperako, wokhala ndi ndevu m'mbali. Phokoso ndi lalifupi. Mawonekedwe amaso ndiotakata, ophunzirawo ndi ofukula.
Ubweya wa European lynx ndiwowoneka bwino komanso wofewa. Chovala chachitali kwambiri pamimba. Mtundu wa malaya ndi wofiyira, wokhala ndi ubweya kapena siliva. Kukhetsa kumachitika kawiri pachaka: m'dzinja ndi masika. M'nyengo yotentha, ubweya umakhala wamfupi komanso wozungulira, ndipo mtundu wake umakhala wowala kuposa nthawi yozizira. M'nyengo yozizira, ubweya umakhala wonenepa kwambiri.
Miyendo ya lynx ndi yayikulu, yotulutsa bwino nthawi yozizira, yomwe imalola kuyenda mu chisanu popanda kugwa.
Njira Yaku Europe Lynx
Anthu okhala ku lynx ku Europe amakhala m'malo osiyanasiyana, amakonda nkhalango zosakanikirana, makamaka ogontha komanso odzala kwambiri. Kunja kwa nyengo yakukula, anyani aku Europe amakhala moyo wawekha.
Amuna amadzaza malire a madera awo ndi zimbudzi, ndipo amayimilira njira zosaka ndi mkodzo.
Ma lynxes aku Europe ndiwosaka bwino. Masana, amapuma mdzenje, ndikuyamba kugwira ntchito madzulo. Amakwera mitengo bwino komanso amasambira mokongola. Ozunzidwa akuwombera kuchokera kumalo obisalirako: amasankha malo ndi mawonekedwe abwino ndikudikirira kuti awoneke. Lynx imatha kusuntha kwa maola ambiri, imalumikizana bwino ndi momwe nthaka yayidwira. Masomphenya a nyama yolusa ndi akuthwa kwambiri, ndipo makutuwo ndi ochepa thupi, omwe amathandizira pakusaka. Atazindikira kulanda, lynx imasunthira modekha.
Lynxes akulumpha mwangwiro, amatha kuthana ndi 4 mita pakulumpha.
Lynxes sathamanga kwambiri, amatha kuthamangitsa nyama pafupifupi makilomita 80, kenako mphamvu. Ma Ungulates amawukira nthawi yozizira pomwe sangathe kutuluka m'chipale chofewa. M'nyengo yozizira, wamwamuna m'modzi amadya ma kilogalamu 2.5-3 pa tsiku, ndipo akakhala ndi njala - ndiye makilogalamu 5-6. Monga nyama zambiri zomwe zimadyera, anyaniwa amaphwanya nyama zazikulu kuposa zomwe amafunazo.
Mawu a lynx aku Europe ndi akuthwa, amphamvu komanso okwera. Mokwiyitsidwa, mbawala zam'mera zimamveka, ndipo zikakhala zosangalatsa, zimatsuka ngati mphaka. Nthawi yakubzala, lynxes amatseka mokweza, ndipo nthawi zina amafuula kwambiri.
Mverani mawu a European Lynx
Ziphuphu zaku Europe ndi nyama zochenjera kwambiri kotero kuti palibe amene amatha kuzizindikira. Amakhala ndi moyo wokhazikika, koma pakakhala chakudya chokwanira kapena m'malo ozizira kwambiri amapita paulendo. Usiku umodzi wokha, lynx imatha kuthamanga ma kilomita 6-10. Nyanjayi imadutsa kwathunthu m'masiku 5-10. Ngakhale ma lynxes ali ochenjera, saopa kwambiri anthu ndipo panjala amatha kukwera kumaderamo, ngakhale m'mizinda yayikulu.
Lynx ndiye mtundu wakumpoto kwambiri wa banja lonse la mphaka.
Maziko a chakudya cha lynx yaku Europe ndi mzungu yoyera, ndipo zakudya zotsalazo zimakhala ndi zigawo zingapo, grouse wakuda, agologolo, mbewa za mbewa, reindeer ndi a.
Mdani wamkulu wa lynx waku Europe ndi munthu. M'nyengo yozizira, mimbulu ndi mapaketi a mimbulu imazisaka. Ngati lynx ikumana ndi nkhandwe, mphaka wapakhomo, galu wokhala ndi fodya kapena marten, imaluma. Kutalika kwa moyo wa lynx waku Europe ndi zaka 15-20.
Kuswana kwa lynx ku Europe
Nyengo yakubereketsa ku lynxes ku Europe imachitika mu February-Marichi.Mkazi amasamaliridwa ndi amuna angapo omwe akumenyana koopsa wina ndi mnzake. Anthu omwe si amuna kapena akazi anzawo akakumana, amapatsana moni, ndikumwetulira mphuno zawo kenako nkuyamba kugwirana pamphumi.
Zachikazi zimapanga khola momwe zimaberekera ana. Dzenje limapangidwa pansi pa mizu ya mitengo yakugwa, m'maenje, m'mapanga ndi malo ena obisika. Zikwangwani zoyipa zingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Yaikazi imalowetsa phangalo ndi nthenga, udzu ndi ubweya. Makolo onse amasamalira ana.
Mimba imatenga masiku 63-70. Amabereka ana amphaka 2 kapena 3 osamva ndi akhungu okhala ndi magalamu 250-300.
Masomphenya amawonekera patatha masiku 12. Mwezi umodzi, makanda amayamba kulandira chakudya cholimba ngati kutumphuka. Nthawi yodyetsedwa mkaka ndi miyezi pafupifupi 4. Mpaka nyengo yotsatira yobala, achinyamata amakhala ndi achikulire, amasaka limodzi. Kutha msambo mwa amuna a ku lynx ku Europe kumachitika pa miyezi 33, ndipo mwa akazi kale - pa miyezi 21.
Habitat
European lynx pakali pano ndiyochepa kwambiri, kuphatikiza apo, imakhala ndi moyo wachinsinsi. Pachifukwa ichi, kukawona kuthengo sikophweka. Ntchito ya mlenjeyu kuti apeze mphaka uyu ndi yovuta chifukwa amakhala m'mayikowa, komwe kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Mphepo zamkuntho zakale zowala, nkhalango zamdima zamdima zokhala ndi malo owuma kwambiri, pomwe ma coniferi amalamulira - ma pines ndi spruce - awa ndi malo okhala.
Phindu ndi zovulaza za lynxes zaku Europe kwa anthu
Ubweya wa European lynx ndi wokongola kwambiri, motero amayamikiridwa kwambiri. Mu Middle Ages, nyama za nyama izi zimawerengedwa kuti ndi zamtengo wapatali.
Lynxes amawonetsana ubale wina ndi mzake pomenya nyemba zaubweya.
Izi zimazunza anthu komanso ziweto kwambiri. M'mbuyomu, ma lynxes aku Europe adawonedwa ngati tizirombo, koma ntchito yawo m'nkhalango biocenoses ndiyofunikira kwambiri. Ana achichepere ogwidwa ukapolo amayesedwa bwino ndipo amaphunzitsidwa bwino.
Kanema
Ngakhale imatha kupezeka m'nkhalango zazing'ono. Kuyesa kupewa munthu. Amamva kuyandikira kwa anthu kwa mazana angapo mamitala ndikuyesera kuchoka mwakachetechete, nthawi ndi nthawi kumayima ndi kumvetsera. Ngakhale m'zaka za njala, lynx posakira chakudya amalowa m'mizinda. Atha kuwukira amphaka ndi agalu. Chilombochi ndi champhamvu kwambiri mpaka chimapha m'busa wamkulu.
Koma milandu yovomerezeka ya lynx m'midzi ndiyosowa. Choyimira chake ndi nkhalango yamdima yakuda.
Chiwerengero cha lynx ku Europe
European lynx ndi mitundu yambiri. Masiku ano pali mitundu ingapo 7 ya lynx yaku Europe:
• L l. Dinniki amakhala ku Iran, Turkey ndi Caucasus,
• Felis lynx: L. l. Carpathicus amakhala ku Greece ndi Carpathians,
• L l. Lynx ndiofala ku Eastern ndi Northern Europe,
• L l. Kozlovi amapezeka ku Central Siberia,
• L l. Isabellinus amakhala ku Mongolia ndi Kashmir,
• L l. Zolemba zimapezeka ku Eastern Siberia,
• L l. Neglectus amakhala ku China komanso Far East.
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.
Moyo wa Lynx kuthengo
Monga zilombo zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito, kumakhala kozungulira komanso nthawi yamadzulo. Pofufuza nyama zimangobwera kumene kumayamba kuda. Lynx wamba amasaka makamaka ma hares. Ngati ndi kotheka, imakumana ndi ma unulates - agwape, agwape, agwape ofiira, abulu ang'ono. Amatha kugwira gologolo, marten. Amakonda nyama ya hazel grouse, grouse wakuda, capercaillie. M'nyengo yozizira, amatha kuwagwira mumabowo.
Chodziwikanso ndichakuti lynx imadana ndi nkhandwe zowopsa ... ndipo zimawapha mwachangu. Komabe, samadya. Chifukwa chomwe mphakayu amadana ndi Patrikeevna akhoza kungoyerekeza.
Lynx ndi mlenje wobadwa. Ngakhale olusa monga ankhandwe ndi mimbulu amathanso kusilira mikhalidwe yake yosaka.
Pofika madzulo ndipo mdima ugwera, chete kutonthola kunkhalango. Zitha kuwoneka kuti nyama zonse zidagona - palibe chomwe chimamveka pozungulira! Koma panthawiyi anyani a lynx amapita kukasaka. Apa akumva mawu akomoka - kalulu akulira pa tchire lowawa.
Ikamenya nyama, imasamala mosamala, popanda phokoso losafunikira, imadutsa m'nkhalangozi ndi tchire. Atatenga mtunda woyenera kuwukiridwa (mita 10 mpaka 20), akukonzekera kulumpha kofunikira. Khwangwala wosayang'ananso akudya khungwa la aspen. Nyama yathu yodontha imadumphadumpha mwamphamvu ndipo pakumadumphira m'mizere iwiri imagwira munthu amene akukuvutitsani. Mwadzidzidzi, matanthwewo ali mkati mwa lynx. Wokhala ndi vuto lalikulu akawona kuti chiwopsezo chikhala nthawi, ndiye kuti amathamangira kuthamangayo. Nyani amamutsata mpaka 50-100 mita, kenako nkutha.
Kuphatikiza pa kusaka chakudya, amathanso kudikirira nyama yomwe yabisalira. Nyamayi ikhoza kudikirira nyama ili pafupi ndi njira za hare, pamalo osavomerezeka. Salumpha kuchoka pamtengo kupita kwa womugwirira, ngakhale atangogona pa nthambi ndikupuma, atatsitsa miyendo yonse inayi.
Bunny imodzi ndikokwanira kwa iye kwa masiku awiri. Roe deer - pafupifupi sabata. Wopweteka wamkulu yemwe sangadye nthawi yomweyo amayikidwa pansi (nthawi yachilimwe) kapena owazidwa ndi chipale chofewa (nthawi yozizira), ndipo ali pafupi.
Amakhala moyo wongokhala. Ngakhale kukafunafuna chakudya kumatha kupitirira 30 km patsiku. Lynxes amasungulumwa mwachilengedwe. Koma zazikazi zomwe zimakhala ndi ana zimakhala limodzi kwa miyezi ingapo. Munthawi imeneyi, mayiyo amawaphunzitsa luso losaka. Choyamba, amadzawabweretsera nyama zanyama - mbewa, mavu, ndi zina, zomwe amasewera. Ndiye anyamatawa amapita kukasaka nawo. Mu february, wamkazi amayendetsa amphaka, omwe pakadali pano akula ndipo ali okonzekera moyo wodziyimira pawokha.
Akuluakulu, kuthamanga kumayamba mwezi watha wozizira. Munthawi imeneyi, anyani amphongo ambiri amakhala kumbuyo kwa mkazi. Kulimbana kumachitika pakati pa amuna, omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi kukuwa, kutulutsa mokweza ndi kufuula.
Mimba imatenga masiku 60-70. Wamkazi m'modzi amabweretsa ana amphaka awiri akhungu omwe amatseguka m'mlungu wachiwiri wamoyo. Kuyambira miyezi inayi mpaka isanu ndi umodzi amadya mkaka, koma atakwanitsa zaka 30 mpaka 40 amatembenukira ku chakudya chanyama. Lynxes amakula msanga - ndi kugwa sangathe kusiyanitsidwa ndi kukula kwa amayi awo.
Ku Europe ndi ku taiga ya Siberia, adani awo akuluakulu a anyaniwo ndi mimbulu, omwe amayesa kumugwira ndikumuyendetsa nthawi iliyonse yomwe ingatheke. Amapulumutsidwa nthawi zambiri pamavuto pamitengo - chifukwa cha zikhadabo zakuthwa ndikuwakhwima bwino. Amadziwanso kusambira.
Mtengowu umakhala zaka pafupifupi 15 kuthengo. Mu ukapolo - mpaka zaka 25.
M'zaka zapitazi ku Europe, chiwerengero cha lynx chambiri chatsika kwambiri. Ndi anthu owerengeka okha omwe atsalira ku kontrakitala yonse. Pakadali pano, chifukwa chamachitidwe anthawi yake, anthu akukwera kwambiri.
Chiwerengero cha chilombochi chikuwonongeka chifukwa cha kudula mitengo kwa nkhalango, moto wamasango, kuchepa kwa chakudya komanso kupha nsomba.
Chithunzi lynx kuthengo
Lynx ndi mtundu wa chilombo cha m'gulu la amphaka. Mphuno imafanana ndi mphaka wamkulu, mchira wokha ndi waufupi, ngati kuti wadulidwa, ndipo m'makutu mumakhala zosefukira. Khungu la lynx ndi lofiirira komanso loyera. Zidutswa zakuda zimamwazika pamazira. Lynx imakwera mitengo bwino ndikuthamanga mwachangu, kulumpha kwake imatha kutalika kwa 4 m.
Kodi lynx amakhala kuti: malo okhala lynx
Lynx amakhala mdera lalikulu kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi. Ku Russia, imakhala makamaka m'nkhalango za taiga za ku Europe komanso ku Siberia, ngakhale m'malo ena imadutsa zigwa zamtsinje ndi msondodzi ngakhale mu tundra. Chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri komanso kuchuluka kwa anthu okhala ndi lynx amawonedwa kum'mwera kwa taiga subzone komanso m'nkhalango yosakanikirana. M'madera ambiri mu Russia, anthu ndiosiyana kwambiri osati kukula kwake, komanso mtundu. Njira yomweyo imawonekera ngakhale m'malo ena. M'matumba awiri amodzimodzi omwe amapezeka m'nkhalango imodzimodzi, kuchuluka kwa mawonekedwe amatha kusiyanasiyana. Mu nyama imodzi, kuyang'ana kumatha kukhala osowa komanso kosasunthika, pomwe mu nyama ina imatha kukhala yotsika komanso yosiyanitsa, ndipo pafupifupi thupi lonse.
Chiwerengero chonse cha lynx mdziko lathu chikuyerekezedwa ndi anthu pafupifupi 30,000.
Alenje amasangalala kudziwa kuti mdziko lathu, lynx ndi yayikulu kuposa abale ake omwe amakhala kumpoto kwa America. Ngati ku Canada kulemera kwake sikupitirira 18 kilogalamu, ndiye kuti lynx yemwe amakhala ku Russia amalemera kilogalamu 20 kapena kuposerapo.
Chakudya cha Lynx. Kodi lynx amadya chiyani?
Wachikulire wamkulu amafunika nyama yokwanira 1.5 mpaka 2.3 kg patsiku. M'magawo osiyanasiyana, lynx imagwiritsa ntchito nyama zambiri chakudya. Chifukwa chake, kumadera akumpoto, mphalapala yoyera ndi yoyera nthawi zambiri imakhala yozunzidwa. Kumagawo akum'mwera, osakhulupirira nthawi zambiri amakhala onyenga. Mwa mbalame, omwe amazunzidwa kwambiri ndi lynx ndi capercaillie, grouse wakuda ndi hazel grouse. M'nyengo yozizira, anthu osakonda kudya amakhala ngati nyama ya lynx nthawi zambiri kuposa nthawi yopanda chipale chofewa, nyama zazing'ono zikamadya - kuyambira hare kupita ku vole yoyera. Ku Far East, agwape ndi agwape a Manchurian amasanduka lynx. Zachidziwikire, kulikonse pakati pa osakhulupirira, choyambirira, kukula kwachinyamata kumachitika. Kulikonse komwe kuli nkhalango zambiri, kuyambira ku Karelia kupita ku Siberia, chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimasaka kwambiri ndi hare. Nyalanyaza zinyama, ngati nkhalango ya paini, zimangowonekera m'malo. Ndi chiwerengero chake kuti moyo wa lynx makamaka umadalira. Akuyerekeza kuti pa lynx imodzi imodzi pali hare imodzi yomwe yadyedwa masiku anayi alionse. Lynx imagwira ma hisa ambiri nthawi yozizira. M'chilimwe amakhala ndi zakudya zabwino kwambiri.
Lynx imakhala ndi ubweya wokongola kwambiri, womwe ukufunidwa kwambiri m'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi. Amasaka lynx pakati - kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira: nthawi imeneyi, ubweya wa chilombo umakhala wapamwamba kwambiri. Ku Western ndi Central Europe, lynx ndiyosowa kwambiri. M'zaka za XX ku Europe panali malo ochepa chabe a lynx - awa ndi mapiri a Pyrenees, Balkan ndi Carpathians.
Zizolowezi ndi momwe mungasakire lynx
Kusaka ndiye ntchito yayikulu ya lynx. Masana, nkhalangozi zimapuma m'malo ogona, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakonzera ogontha nthawi zambiri, ndipo zimapita kukafufuza nyama usiku. Pama nyama, chilombo chimathamangira kuthamanga kwa mphezi komanso molondola, motero kusaka nthawi zambiri kumatha mwayi.
Pali nthano zambiri za lynx flair ndi kusaka kwake. Mwachitsanzo, akukhulupirira kuti lynx nthawi zonse imangodya nyama yatsopano komanso amanyansidwa ndi carrion. Akatswiri odziwa kusaka akuti nyama yodya nyama yamtunduwu, itakhala kuti yabisala kwa masiku angapo, imangodya pang'ono, ngati kuti siili ndi njala, ndipo siibwerera. Nkhandwe, zomwe lynx imakonda kwambiri, zimakumana ndi zotere. Mwambiri, lynx imasaka nthawi iliyonse ikaona nyama yoyenera.
Lynx nthawi zambiri amakhala yekha ndipo samapanga mawu osafunikira. Ndi mwezi wa February kokha nthawi yamatchire mutha kumva kulira kwachisoni, kokhala ngati mphaka, koma mokweza komanso kowopsa. M'mwezi wa Meyi, ana ang'onoang'ono awiri mpaka atatu amabadwa lynx. Poyamba, amafanana ndi ana agalu, koma kuyambira ali ndi miyezi iwiri mdani amadzuka. Amagwira mbewa ndi ma weasel obwera mosamala ndi makolo awo. Pofika mu Okutobala, ma lynxes amayamba kusaka m'mabanja. Mwana wazaka wazaka chimodzi amatha kukhala payokha. Mwakusamala kwace konse, lynx saopa anthu kwambiri. Zikhalidwe zomwe zimatsalira mu chisanu: lynx imayenda, ndikufalikira zala zake. Choopsa ndichakuti simungaweruze kuchuluka kwa zinyama: zinyama zimayendayenda. Koma kuti mupeze nyama zingapo kungakhale mu nthawi ya rut, pomwe sangathe kukhala tcheru.
Kusaka ndi Lynx ndi zokonda: momwe mungasakire lynx
Kuti nyama iyi ikhale yosamala, muyenera kudziwa bwino zizolowezi za lynx. Usiku, lynx nthawi zambiri imathamanga osaposa 12 - 15 km. Amayenda mosadukiza, ngati bizinesi. Kuima pafupipafupi, iye akumvetsera, akumwetulira, ndipo, kununkhira nyama, ayamba kubisa. Atapeza kalulu, samadya zonsezo, koma amabisalira zotsalira mu chisanu, koma samabwereranso kudzakumba ndi kudya nyama. Koma, ikapha mphodza, nthawi zina imakhala m'malo ano kwakanthawi. Pokhala kuti yakhala ndi chakudya chokwanira, lynx imathamanga makilomita anayi mpaka asanu ndikuima kwa tsiku limodzi. Pachifukwa ichi, amasankha madera akutali kwambiri a nkhalangoyi kapena chithaphwi chanyontho.Koma muzochitika izi, mutakhala ndi mbendera zowala, mutha kudutsa lynx ndikusaka ndikuwombera.
Kusaka kosangalatsa kwa lynx komwe kumakhala ndi nyama zolusa. Podziwa timapepala komwe banja lynx limasungidwa, osaka amapita kumeneko ndi mankhusu pomwe chisanu sichiri chakuya. Atapeza zatsopano za anyani amphaka, osaka ayenera kuwazunza, kuwadziwitsa agalu kuti akungofuna nyama izi. Ngati malo okhala ndi lynx ali atsopano mokwanira, ma huskies adzagwira ntchito mosangalala kwambiri. Nyama zikakhala pafupi, ngakhale agalu aang'ono amawanyamula kupita patsogolo, ndipo ngati ali olimba mtima, amathamangira nkhondoyi kuti asagwere.
Kuchokera m'magulu awiri olimbitsa mphamvu iliyonse lynx imasiyira mtengo, kumene mlenje amapeza. Ndi kuwombera koyenera ndi kachikwama kakang'ono kapena chipolopolo kutsogolo kwa mtembo, muyenera kupha chilombo pamalopo, kuti musayike agalu anu pachiwopsezo. Lynx yovulala imatha kulumala kwambiri mankhusu, makamaka achichepere komanso osazindikira.
Mlenje akayenda ndi mlenje, ndizotheka kuti othamangitsidwa atha kuvomereza zovuta, ndipo ngati galuyo si wankhanza komanso wolimba mokwanira, ayenera kulimbana osati moyo koma imfa. Koma, mwamwayi, kufa kwa ma huskies pakusaka kwa lynx ndikosowa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri agalu onyentchera ndi oopsa amatha kuyendetsa lynxes pamtengo. Inde, agalu ayenera kukhala olimba, amphamvu komanso okwiya ndi lynx.
Msampha Wosaka Lynx
Lynx ikhoza kugwidwa bwino mumsampha. Atazindikira kuti nyamazo zimapita ku nyama yomwe adatulutsa - mtembo wa elk kapena nyama ina - misampha iyenera kuyikidwa panjira yomwe idutsamo. Misampha yabwino kwambiri ya lynxes, komanso mimbulu, No. 5, chimango. Ayenera kukonzedwa bwino: kutsukidwa kuchokera ku dzimbiri ndi kuwiritsa mu boiler ndi singano za spruce kapena paini. Valani misampha yotere mchikwama kapena thumba loyera, onetsetsani kuti mukugwira ntchito yamagolovu ovala canvas.
Malamulo oyambira kukhazikitsa msampha wa kusaka lynx
1. Ndi fosholo yomwe njenjete zimagwiritsa ntchito, chipale chofewa chimasankhidwa pansi pa kanjira ka lynx, kotero kuti msampha wokhala ndi zipilala zokumbikirapo mbaliwo ukhoza kuyikamo ngalulu yakumba. Chochulukitsa chipale chofewa chomwe chimayang'aniridwa ndi njira ya chirombo chathanzi chimatsalira pamsampha, ndibwinoko. Asanayike msampha, chipale chofewa mumching'oma chimayenera kuchotseredwa ndi fosholo. Kuti akole chitsulo, alenje ena amaphimba ndi pepala loyera.
2. Kuzungulira njira ya chirombo, lalikulu la chisanu limadulidwa ndi spatula, mawonekedwe osindikizira amasungidwa. Chidacho chimayikidwa pambali mosamala. Kenako, mu dzenje lakuumbalo, matalala amaphatikizidwa ndi spatula, msampha umayikidwa, ndipo chidutswa chodulidwa ndi njira ya chirombo chimayikidwa pamwamba pake kotero kuti njirayo ili pamwamba pa msampha. Zochitika zake zonse zimadziwika bwino. M'pofunika kuyandikira njira ya chilombocho ndikukhazikitsa msinjayo chifukwa cha chivundikiro chamtundu wina, mwachitsanzo, kuchokera kuchitsamba kapena chitsa, kuti chilombo, kutsatira njira yake, chisapeze njira ya msaki. Mukamanga msampha, ndikofunikira kufafaniza mosamala malo onse omwe chipale chofewa chimachotsedwa kapena kusankha kuchokera kumwamba. Muyenera kusiya msampha wamawu ndi njira yanu, kubwereranso kumbuyo ndikotseka mosamala ndi spatula ndikuwononga nyimbo zanu. Misampha yochenjera iyenera kufufuzidwa m'mawa uliwonse, kudutsa osayandikira njira ya chilombo.
Zolinga pamoyo
Moni! Lero munthu m'modzi adandifunsa - mukufuna munthu wamtundu wanji? Ndidanenanso kuti yemwe tikhala ndi chidwi chofanana naye m'moyo komanso kumvetsetsana. Wogwirizanitsa nawo adayankha - bwino ...
Lynx wamba - osati wamba, m'malo mwake, ndizodabwitsa komanso zodabwitsa . Ngakhale Agiriki akale adampatsa mphamvu zamatsenga ndipo amakhulupirira kuti chilombo chimawona kudzera pazinthu. Mu nthano za ku Scandinavia, lynx amadziwika kuti ndi nyama yopatulika.
Malinga ndi nthano, kulikonse amapita ndi mulungu wamkazi wachikondi, kukongola ndi chonde, Freyja, akumangiriridwa pagaleta lake.Chimodzi mwa magulu a nyenyezi zakumpoto, zomwe zimatha kuwonedwa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi maso akuthwa, amazitcha nyamayi - gulu la nyenyezi Lynx.
Komabe, ma lynxes sanali kupembedzedwa, kulemekeza nthano, anaphedwa mopanda chisoni, ndipo nyama idadyedwa. Ntchito yokayikitsa iyi idachimwa mu Middle Ages kuti idziwe. Nyama ya nyama idatchuka chifukwa cha kulawa kwake bwino komanso machiritso, idadyedwa ngati chakudya pamaphwando osiyanasiyana. Zovala zaubweya wama chic komanso zodula zimapangidwa ndi ubweya wokongola komanso wotentha. "Kukonda" kwachilendo kwa chirombo kumeneku kudakhudza kwambiri kuchuluka kwake ndipo kumayiko ena aku Europe kudapangitsa kuti ziwonongedwe kwathunthu.
Habitat
Nyamayi ndi ya mphaka komanso mtundu wa anyani amphaka. Ndiye wamkulu pa abale a trot. Sichita mantha ndi nyengo yotentha, imayenda moyenera pachitetezo cha chipale chofewa, sichitha ngati nyama zina. Malo omwe amakhala ndi nkhalangozi, nkhalango, tundra, nkhalango zowirira, nkhalango zobiriwira komanso mapiri.
Ngati m'mbuyomu malo ogawikirawa agwira Europe, tsopano amwazikana pamodzi ndi zilumba zazing'ono zomwe zili ndi anthu ochepa. Pali nyama ku Carpathians, chapakati Russia, kuphatikiza Kamchatka ndi Sakhalin, Finland, Spain, Makedonia, ndi Croatia. Imapezeka ku Belarus, Greece, Azerbaijan, Latvia, Estonia, Albania, ngakhale ku Arctic.
Masanjidwe
Kugawidwa kwa lynx wamba (Lynx lynx) kumapangidwanso nthawi ndi nthawi m'mabuku atsopano. Palibe lingaliro lenileni ponena za kuchuluka kwawo mu sayansi masiku ano. Pakadali pano pali magulu khumi odziwika. Anthu pawokha sanakhale osiyana kwambiri ndi wina ndi mnzake, ofanana kwambiri pamakhalidwe awo, zizolowezi, zomwe amakonda ndi mawonekedwe ake.
- Mabuku a Baikal (Lynx lynx Kozlovi) - ogawidwa ku Siberia, mwina Mongolia, ali ndi ubweya wakuda komanso wowala bwino.
- Mitundu ya Carpathian subspecies (Lynx lynx Carpathica) - imakhala yofiirira komanso yofiirira.
- Subs subsies a ku Europe (Lynx lynx lynx) - amakhala m'malo ambiri, omwe akuphatikizapo Sweden, Russia, Belarus, mayiko a Baltic, Ukraine, Norway, Poland ndi Finland. Imakhala ndi thupi lalifupi, miyendo yayitali, osati tsitsi lofiirira kwambiri lopanda mawonekedwe.
- Amur kapena Far Eastern subspecies (Lynx lynx Sroganovi) - wokhala m'malo a Khabarovsk ndi Primorsky, kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa China, amathanso kulimbana ndi anyani akuluakulu.
- Altai subspecies (Lynx lynx Wardi) amatengedwa ndi asayansi ena kukhala gawo la masanjidwe aku Turkestan. Ichi ndi chirombo chachikulu chopambana komanso chofunda. imvi yofiyira yokhala ndi kirimu wowawirira ndi yowala yowala.
- Mapepala ochezera a Turkestan kapena Central Asia (Lynx lynx Isabellina) - kafukufuku pang'ono, ali ndi kukula kwapakatikati komanso mtundu wowala kwambiri wa ubweya wozizira.
- Ma subspecies a Caucasian (Lynx lynx Dinniki) - omwe amagawidwa ku Caucasus, ali ndi ubweya wosowa, woonda komanso wamfupi, wamtundu waung'ono wake.
- Balkan subspecies (Lynx lynx Balcanica) - amakhala ku Makedonia, Montenegro, Albania, palibe anthu opitilira 50 osatsalira kuthengo.
- Ma Yakut kapena East Siberian subspecies (Lynx lynx Wrangeli) - amadziwika ndi zazikulu zazikulu, zazikulu, pafupifupi ubweya wa monophonic.
- Masamba omwe Lynx lynx Sardiniae nthawi ina amakhala pachilumba cha Sardinia. Nyama zinawonongedweratu koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 20.
Mawonekedwe
M'mawonekedwe, nyamayi imafanana ndi mphaka, ndipo kukula kwake - galu wamkulu.
- Thupi lakufinya, linalake lomwe limafupika limafikira kutalika kwa 80 - 120 cm (kutengera masanjidwe) ndipo limatha ndi lalifupi, lalifupi, lalitali mpaka 20 kapena kupitirira sentimita. Kutalika kwa thunthu m'mapewa ndi mpaka 70 cm.
- The lynx wamkulu wamkulu wolemera 18 - 26 makilogalamu, amuna amatha kulemera mpaka 30 makilogalamu, kulemera kwa akazi, monga lamulo, sizidutsa 20 kg.
- Mawotchiwa ndiotalika mokwanira, olimba komanso amphamvu. M'nyengo yozizira, pamalo a mapazi, amaphimbidwa ndi burashi wolimba, wautali ngati burashi (zimathandizira owononga kuyenda mosavuta mu chipale chofewa pogwiritsa ntchito ma skis komanso osagwera pamoto wamatalala).
- Mutu wotsutsana ndi kumbuyo kwa torso yamphamvu umawoneka yaying'ono, uli ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira. Kupukutira pang'ono pammbali kumakongoletsedwa ndi ndevu zamtundu wa fluffy.
- Maso ndi okulirapo, kutalika, ndi ana kuzungulira, ngati amphaka akuluakulu amtchire.Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kamapangidwe kabwino, amalola nyamayo kuwona zinthu zazing'ono mumdima wakuda.
- Makutu okhala ngati makona atatu amakhala ataliitali, apakatikati, kumapeto kwawo kumapeto ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono, aatali, akhungu - tinyanga ta tinyanga. Ndikofunika kuti lynx itaye chozizwitsa chake - mabulashi, makutu ake amadzidzimutsa nthawi yomweyo ndipo alibe chidwi chambiri ndi danga.
- Masharubu ndi osowa, a kutalika kwapakatikati, omwe ali pachifuwa mbali ziwiri za mphuno.
- Chophimbacho ndichachikulu, chachitali, chofewa komanso chofiyira.
- Utoto umadalira nyengo ndi dera lokhalamo, nthawi zambiri imvi yokhala ndi phulusa kapena phulusa. Spotting imatchulidwa kwambiri m'mabuku a Carpathian ndi Baikal. Mu chithunzi cha lynx wamba wa subspecies a Yakut, ndizosatheka, chifukwa ku Europe ndi Altai lynx mawonedwe adazimiririka ndipo samachita bwino. M'nyengo yozizira, ubweya ndiwotalikirapo kuposa nthawi yotentha, umawoneka wosalala komanso wokongola, kutalika kwa milu pamimba kumatha kufika masentimita 6 mpaka 7. Mimba imayalidwa yoyera ndi mawanga osawoneka bwino. Makutu akuda kumbuyo ndi chizindikiro choyera. Mchira wake ndi imvi wokhala ndi zilembo zazing'ono zakuda, zakuda kwambiri kumapeto.
Makhalidwe ndi machitidwe
Njira yokhayokha imakhala ya amuna okhaokha, pomwe akazi nthawi zonse amasamalira ana, ndipo nthawi yocheza kusungulumwa imayenderana ndi chiyembekezo chodzaberekanso. Kukula kwa malo osakira kumatengera kuchuluka kwa chakudya, mtunda ndi jenda. Amuna amakhala m'malo akulu kuchokera 100 mpaka 200 km 2 kapena kupitilira. Akazi ndi ochepa kumalo a 20-60 km 2.
Ngati pali chakudya chokwanira ndipo palibenso zifukwa zina zosamukira, nyama zimangokhala moyo wakhazikika, osakonda kuchoka m'malo otukuka. Malo okhalamo amalembedwa ndi mkodzo. Akazi amachita nsanje chifukwa chakusokoneza gawo lawo, atha kufunsa zambiri za wolakwayo, amuna samalabadira zofunikira kwambiri, osalowa m'mikangano.
Poyerekeza ndi munthu, kupsa mtima kosawerengeka sikuwonetsedwa, palibe milandu yotsimikizika yotsimikizika yovutitsidwa. Nyamayi imaletsedwa mosavuta ndipo imazolowera mwini wake. Nthawi zina zimaperekedwa m'manja, zojambulidwa ndi zotsukira mofuula nthawi yomweyo. Choopsacho chovulala ndipo nyama zodwala - kudziteteza, zimatha kuvulaza kwambiri. Milandu yotsutsana ndiyothekanso - chirombo nthawi zina chimakoka masewera achiweto ndikuukira agalu.
Kusaka ndi chakudya
Lynx imasaka nthawi iliyonse masana, komabe imakonda kudya usiku. Amasankha nthawi yamadzulo kuti akwere maulendo: m'mawa kwambiri kapena nthawi dzuwa litalowa, nthawi zambiri amapita kokagona usiku wakuda. Pofufuza munthu wovutitsidwa, makilomita opitilira amatha kuthamanga; panthawi yanjala imatha makilomita 20-30 patsiku.
Wodya mawanga ndi msaki mwachangu komanso wovuta. Amakwera mitengo mwangwiro, amakhala ndi makutu akuthwa komanso amaso, amathamanga mwamphamvu, ndikudumphadumpha. Amasankha njira yakusaka malinga ndi momwe zinthu ziliri: mwina angathamangitse wom'gwirayo ndi kumuwombera kuchokera kutali, kapena kumulondera kuti asabisalire. Polephera, masewera satsata kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo amasamala nyama zina, zoyenera. Chinyama chachikulu chimaluma kummero, chaching'ono chimagwira kumbuyo.
Mwana wamphaka wophedwa kapena kalulu wamkulu ndi wokwanira nyama kwa masiku angapo. Mphukira imabisalira zotsalira za chikopa chosakira mu chipale chofewa kapena imapita kumalo obisika. Amachita izi mwachangu komanso mosasamala, ndipo nthawi zambiri amataya chakudya chake. Amphaka amapeza olusa ena ndikuwawononga mwachangu.
Zakudya zonse za lynx zimakhala ndi nyama. Zosankha zazikulu zimaphatikizapo ma hares ndi makoswe ang'onoang'ono. Zakudya zabwino zimayimiriridwa ndi venison, grouse, ana a nkhumba zakuthengo ndi mphalapala. Nyama sikukana chilichonse, imakondwera ndi nyama iliyonse ndipo imanong'oneza bondo kuti idzagwira chiyani.
Kuchuluka kwa mitundu
Chiwerengerochi chikuposa anthu 10,000. Nyamayi yathetsedwa kale ku France ndi Switzerland. Anthu ambiri amakhala ku Balkan Peninsula, ku Poland kuli anthu chikwi chimodzi, ku Scandinavia - 2.5,000, ku Carpathians - 2.2 zikwi. Anthu ochepa adatsala m'maiko a Central Asia ndi Caucasus.Chiwerengero chachikulu cha anyaniwa amakhala ku Siberia.
Njira zozikika zimatengedwa kuteteza nyamayo, chifukwa yomwe pang'onopang'ono anthu ake akubwezeretsedwa. Zalembedwa mu Buku Lofiira Lapadziko Lonse.
Ngakhale kuti ubweya wa chilombo ndiwofunika kwambiri, mtundu wa lynx wamba ulibe phindu pa malonda. Komabe, nyama yolusa imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu biocenosis - imayang'anira kuchuluka kwa zinyama zambiri, mbalame, ndikuyeretsa m'nkhalango. Chifukwa chake, m'malo omwe lynxes kale, asayansi akuyesera kubwezeretsanso nyama kumalo achilengedwe. Ku Germany, kukonzanso kwa chilombochi, atachotsa kwathunthu, ku nkhalango ya Bavaria kunachitika kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 20.
Kukhalapo kwa lynxes pafupi ndi malo opangira pheasant ndi kulumikizana kwachikondwerero sikofunika. Kwa eni awo, dera loterolo limakhala tsoka lenileni ndikusintha kukhala kowopsa. Kupatula apo, chilombo chiwononga masewera a malonda, ngakhale chimakhala chanjala kwathunthu, chifukwa chongosewera.
Moyo ndi Zopatsa Thanzi
Lynx imakonda nkhalango zowuma za dambo, taiga, ngakhale imapezeka m'malo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza nkhalango zamapiri, nthawi zina imalowera m'nkhalango-steppe ndi nkhalango-tundra. Amakwera bwino mitengo ndi miyala, amasambira bwino. Amapulumuka bwino pakati pa akhwangwala (kupitirira Arctic Circle), akugwira nyama za ubweya.
Ndi chakudya chochuluka, lynx imangokhala phee, ndikusowa chakudya, imayendayenda. Imatha kuyenda makilomita 30 patsiku. Maziko ake amadya. Amasakanso mbalame za agalu, makoswe ang'onoang'ono, ochepa - osafunikira, monga agwape, agwape amphaka, owoneka amphaka, nthawi zina amamenya amphaka ndi agalu, kuwonjezera apo - ankhandwe, agalu a fodya ndi nyama zina zazing'onoting'ono.
Lynx akusaka nthawi yamadzulo. Mosiyana ndi zikhulupiriro zofala, iye samadumphira pamtengo mnzake , koma amakonda kuyang'anira masewerawo pobisalira kapena kubisala, kenako ndikuwukira ndi lalikulu, mpaka 4 m, kudumpha. Wovutitsidwayo amathamangitsidwa pamtunda wosaposa 60-80 m, kenako amatsitsidwa. Amadziwikanso kuti lynx imapha nkhandwe ndi martens, ngakhale ngati palibe chakudya.
Mwakusamala konse, lynx siziopa kwambiri anthu. Amakhala m'nkhalango zachiwiri zomwe adapangidwa, makulidwe achichepere, malo odulira akale ndi malo otenthedwa, ndipo pamavuto, amalowa m'midzi ngakhale m'mizinda yayikulu.
Malinga ndi katswiri wazowona za nyama ku Russia, Mikhail Kretschmar, palibe mlandu umodzi womwe watsimikiziridwa kuti wamenyedwa ndi lynx. “Komabe, izi ndizodabwitsa. Kambuku wolemera kilogalamu makumi atatu ndi kasanu amapha anthu mosavuta. Wamphongo wamwamuna wamkulu amatha mosavuta kukhala ndi abusa ophunzitsidwa bwino olemera kuposa iye. Komabe, milandu yomwe lynx adabisala mwadala ndikupha munthu sizikudziwika. Osewera a Pseudo-taiga ogwiritsa ntchito masamba opitilira 12 patachitika vuto lakusokonekera kwa gulu lachipembedzo, osaka-asodzi, otukula amodzi, Komsomol-drummer, etc. Kukangana mopanda tsankho, ndizovuta kuzitonza. Mwina, koma osawaukira. Komanso, lynx imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazinyama zomwe zimasungidwa mosavuta. Makamaka, ngakhale ma lynxes achikulire omwe agwidwa ndi misampha amatha kuchepetsedwa. Nthawi zina amangozolowerana ndi munthu mpaka kumakulolani kuti muzilumikizana, ndipo katemera wamkuluyu akufanana ndi galimoto yamagetsi yamphamvu. ”
Komabe, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti si asayansi onse omwe amatsatira malingaliro omwe akufotokozedwa ndi Mikhail Kretschmar. Mwachitsanzo, m'modzi wodziwika bwino kwambiri komanso olemekezeka ku Russia, a S. I. Ognev, adalemba kuti: "Zovuta zakuwopseza ndi lynx pa munthu ndizosowa, koma zosatsutsika." Olamulira ena a nyama zosamalira nyama amakhalanso ndi malingaliro ofanana, osatchula osaka ndi osamalira nkhalango, osati "pseudo-taiga" konse, koma enieni, akatswiri enieni ogwiritsa ntchito nkhalango.Mwachitsanzo, wasayansi waku Altai komanso wolemba Alexander Stennikov akuti pakhala pali milandu ya kuvulaza munthu m'dera lake. Ndipo izi sizokhazo zomwe zimachitika pokhapokha wovulala kapena wovutitsa lynx akayamba. Stennikov amadziwa bwino bambo wina yemwe bambo ake adaphedwa ndi lynx ali ndi cholinga chowagwiritsa ntchito ngati nyama. Pamene munthu anali kuyenda pamsewu, chilombocho chinadumpha kuchokera pamtengo kupita kumbuyo kwake ndikukukutira pa chotupa cha carotid. Lynx imeneyo sinavulazidwe kapena kukhala yodwala - nyama zodwala ziluma mwachisawawa komanso ayi chifukwa chofuna kupha, koma kumangotsatira kuyitanidwa kwakhungu kwamatendawa. Katswiri wazachipatala wa ku Canada, Michael Stendale ndi Stephen Deril, akudziwanso milandu ya anthu. Ponena za vuto la kufinya kwa ma lynxes, chilichonse apa ndicholakwika kwathunthu. M'malo mwake, pali zochitika zina pomwe olanda amakhala osakhazikika amakhala m'nyumba komanso nyumba zawo zonse m'moyo wawo ndipo osawonetsa mkwiyo wankhanza kwa eni awo, aphunzitsi a mabwalo amasukulu amakonda kuthana ndi akambuku ndi mikango, koma manambala okhala ndi ziphuphu ndi osowa kwambiri. Ophunzitsa akunena kuti lynx ndiyosayembekezereka pamlingo waukulu kuposa nthumwi zazikulu za banja la mphaka, zimakwiyira mosavuta ndipo zimayambitsa ngozi yayikulu kwa anthu. [kalembedwe! ]
Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka
Kuthamanga pa lynx mu Marichi, ndipo panthawiyi maphokoso, nthawi zambiri amakhala chete, amatulutsa mawu mokweza, akung'ung'udza ndikung'amba. Mimba mu akazi imakhala masiku 63-70. Ana nthawi zambiri amakhala 2 lynx, khola pansi pamizu ya mtengo wakugwa, dzenje, phanga kapena matanthwe amathanthwe. Makolo onsewa amatenga nawo mbali polera ana. Ana amasaka ndi akuluakulu mpaka nthawi yotsatira ya kubereka. Akazi amatha kutha msinkhu ali ndi miyezi 21, abambo ali ndi miyezi 33. Chiyembekezo cha moyo, mwachionekere, zaka 15-20.
Mkhalidwe Wopezekera ndi Chitetezo
Chiwerengero cha Lynx m'maiko osiyanasiyana:
- Balkan Peninsula: Ma lynxes angapo ku Serbia, Makedonia, Albania ndi Greece.
- Germany: Unawonongedwa ndi mzinda wa Mu 1990s. akukhalanso ku nkhalango ya ku Bavaria ndi Harz.
- Carpathians: lynxes 2,200 ochokera ku Czech Republic kupita ku Romania, unyinji waukulu kupatula Russian.
- Poland: Kufika kumapiri pafupifupi 1,000 a m'nkhalango ya Bialowieza ndi mapiri a Tatra.
- Russia: 90% ya lynx amakhala ku Siberia. Ngakhale ma lynxes amapezeka kuchokera kumalire akumadzulo a Russian Federation kupita ku Sakhalin.
- Scandinavia: pafupifupi. Ma lynxes 2,500 ku Norway, Sweden ndi Finland.
- France: Exxaminated pafupifupi. g. Wopezeka mu Vosges ndi Pyrenees.
- Switzerland: Inapambanitsidwa ndi chaka, inakhazikika mu mzindawu.
- Central Asia: China, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan ndi Tajikistan.
- Transcaucasia: Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia.
Mtengo wamalonda wa lynx ndi wocheperako (ubweya umagwiritsidwa ntchito). Monga nyama zambiri zomwe zimadyera, imathandiza kwambiri m'nkhalango zamtchire. Kungosaka minda komwe osaka agwape, agwape, amphaka amphaka, kupezeka kwake ndikosayenera. Ubweya wa lynx ndi wabwino: wokulirapo, wowoneka bwino komanso wamtali. Kutalika kwa tsitsi lotsalira kumbuyo kumafika masentimita 5, ndi pamimba - masentimita 7, pansi pawo pamakhala zofewa zambiri. Mtundu wa khungu umakhala wamtundu wamtundu wamtundu wamtambo wokhala ndi mawonekedwe. Ubweya wofiira nthawi zonse umawonedwa kwambiri. Kuyambira m'ma 1950s, mitengo yake pamsika wapadziko lonse idayamba kukwera pamlingo waukulu kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, pamsika wa ubweya wa Leningrad mu 1958, $ 73 idalandiridwa chifukwa cha zikopa zapamwamba za lynx, $ 660 mu 1973, ndi $ 1,300 mu 1977. Izi ndichifukwa cha fashoni yomwe yakhala ikusungidwa kwa zaka makumi ambiri (mfundo imodzimodziyi ndi yosowa kwambiri) kwa ubweya wa tsitsi lalitali, pakati pomwe ubweya wa lynx udayamba.
Mu zaluso
- Lynx imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu heraldry, kuimira chidzalo ndi mawonekedwe owoneka. Chithunzi chake chimatha kuwoneka m'manja kapena m'miyala yamizinda monga Dir kapena Gomel. Malinga ndi matembenuzidwe ena, ndi lynx, osati mkango, womwe ukufanizidwa ndi chida cha manja a ku Finland. Ust-Kubinsky chigawo cha Vologda ali ndi lynx pa chovala mikono.
- Chifukwa cha kupenya kowonekera, gulu la nyenyezi Ian Hevelius adatchedwa lynx mu 1690. Hevelius pofotokoza za kusankha dzina: “Pali nyenyezi zazing'ono zokha zomwe zimapezeka gawo ili lakumwamba, ndipo muyenera kukhala ndi maso a lynx kuti muwasiyanitse ndi kuzizindikira. ».
- Gawo la Ubuntu Linux 10,04 limatchedwa "Lynx Lynx".
Onani ndi mamuna
Kamodzi a lynx adakhala m'gawo lalikulupo kuposa momwe lilili. Kusaka ndi kudula mitengo kwa mitengo kudadzetsa kuchepetsa kwakukulu pamlingo wake. Lynx wakhala nthawi yayitali ngati njira yosakira, chifukwa ubweya wa nyama iyi unkawonedwa kwambiri pamsika wa ubweya. M'madera ena, nyama ya lynx imadziwika kuti ndi yofunika kwambiri. Masiku ano, ma lynxes amathandizidwa mosiyanasiyana. Ku Europe, lynx inali ponseponse, ndiye pafupifupi inatha. Zaka 20 zapitazo, nyama yolusa imeneyi idakhazikika m'malo omwe idakhalako, imagwira madera ena, ndikupereka kumasulidwa kumadera opanda anthu. Kudera la Russia, nyamayi imakhala yochulukirachulukira, ndipo m'malo ena momwe lynx imakhalira, zitha kuvulaza malo osaka omwe akukhala ndi kubereka, agwape, kapena ma phukusi. Nthawi zambiri, monga zilombo zina, lynx imachita gawo lofunika kwambiri kuthengo.
Mphaka sachita mantha ndi malo oyandikana ndi anthu, komwe sakutsatiridwa, amatha kuwoneka kunja kwa midzi komanso ngakhale mizinda.
Malamba ang'onoang'ono samasungidwa mosavuta, koma amathamanga ndi ukalamba, kotero sungasunge ng'ombe iyi kunyumba.
Kugawa ndi malo
Lynx ndiye mphaka "wakumpoto" kwambiri. Dera lomwe limagawidwa lynx wamba limakhudza nkhalango ndi mapiri a ku Europe, Siberia, Central komanso, gawo lina, Asia Minor. Ichi ndi nyama yamtchire, yomwe imakonda mtundu wovuta wakuda wa coniferous taiga, ngakhale imapezeka m'nkhalango zosakanikirana. Chifukwa chakuwonongeka kwa nkhalango kumapiri, malire akum'mwera kwa malembawo pazaka zingapo zapitazi asunthira 200-100 km kumpoto.
Makhalidwe & Khalidwe Lamagulu
Lynx ndi nyama yachilengedwe. Kusamuka kwakutali sikodabwitsa kwa iye: komwe kuli nyama zambiri, chilombochi chimakhala chokhazikika. Madera ambiri olumikizana ku Europe ndi kuyambira ha 15 mpaka 25,000; mwa amuna ena amakhala ndi mahekitala 30 ndi oposa. Magawo azimayi ndi ocheperanso komanso omwe amadutsa ndi magawo a amuna. Pakusowa kwa chakudya, anyani amachoka m'nyumba zawo, kuyamba kuyendayenda ndipo mwina amatha kuwoneka kutali kuthengo. Nthawi zambiri, kusamukira kwa zilombo zotere kumachitika nthawi yovutayi pazinthu zambiri zoyera, zomwe zimakhala maziko a chakudya cha lynxes.
Mderalo, nyama iliyonse imakhala ndi njira zingapo zomwe zimakonda, malo opumirako ndi kosaka, komwe imakonda kuwoneka. Olumikizidwa ndi machitidwe osinthika ogwiritsidwa ntchito, malo awa, komanso malire a chiwembucho, amalembedwa mkodzo, ndipo mitengo ikuluikulu imakonkha mitengo ikuluikulu yamtengo nayo.
Malo okhala a Lynx ali m'malo obisika kwambiri: madera akutali a nkhalango ndi kamphepo kayaziyoka, mabwalo akulu akulu pakati pa madambo. Lair imakhazikika pansi pamizu yamitengo yakugwa, nthawi zina mumalo ochepa, kumapeto kwa miyala. Kwa makola osakhalitsa, wotsogola amasankha malo okhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino: mtengo wopendekera, mwala waukulu.
Panthawi yosinthika, chilombo chimayenda masentimita 40-50 kutalika, chikuthamanga mosavuta. Kutalika kwa chipale chofunda mpaka 50cm sikusokoneza mayendedwe a lynx, pomwe chipale chambiri chikugwa, wolusa amayamba kugwiritsa ntchito njira za nyama zina, njira zakale, misewu, ndi ayezi pamitsinje. Mwana wowuma pamayendedwe achisanu amapita mwachangu kumbuyo kwa amayi, ngati kuti akuponda kanjira panjira.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi komanso chodyetsa
Monga amphaka onse, lynx ndi nyama yotchuka. Zomwe zimapatsa thanzi ndizinyama zazing'onoting'ono: nyama zazing'ono zazing'alu (agwape, agwape osokoneza bongo, goral, agwape ndi ana awo), mavu ndi grouse (capercaillie, grouse wakuda, hazel grouse). Nthawi zambiri lynx imagwira makoswe ndi mbalame.Mphaka iyi isanagwe, mlenje wocheperako, amakonda nyama ya nyama zomwe zaphedwa yekha.
Mosiyana ndi zikhulupiriro zambiri, lynx samadumphira pamtengo, ngakhale imakwera mitengo mokongola. Chilombochi chimakonda kulowa mmalo modekha, mosamala kwambiri, kenako chikuwombera ndi kudumphadumpha kwakukulu. Nthawi zambiri, iye amayang'ana moleza mtima njira yomwe angayigwire.
Lynx amadya pang'ono - mphamvu zake za tsiku ndi tsiku zimakhala pafupifupi kilogalamu imodzi ndi theka ya nyama yokhala ndi mafupa. Nthawi zambiri, chinyama chachikulu chimagwira ndi kudya kalulu tsiku lililonse la 2-4; ana oterewa amakhala ndi chakudya chokwanira tsiku limodzi lokha. Pafupi ndi agwape ophedwa, lynx imakhala pafupifupi sabata, ndipo pafupi ndi agwape - motalikirapo. Nyamayi imakumba zotsalira zomwe sizinawonongeke ndi chipale chofewa kapena nthaka ndi udzu, koma kodi sizopanda pake mwakuti "manda" ake amakokedwa mwachangu ndi nyama zing'onozing'ono - zolimba, mizati. Kwa lynx, ngati munthu wopeza bwino, wolumala amayenda ndipo nthawi zina amamuthamangitsira kutali ndi masewera omwe agwera kumene. Lynx imakonda kuthamangitsa nkhandwe, osazilola kusaka pamalo awo.
Kulera ndi kulera ana
Nthawi yokhazikika mu lynxes imachitika pa febru-Marichi. Amuna angapo amatha kutsata wamkazi mu estrus, pakati pawo kumamenyedwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Pamalo pomwe ma kittens amayenera kuwoneka nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nthenga za mbalame, tsitsi losavomerezeka, ndipo udzu wouma umawonjezeredwa kwa izi. Mimba imatenga masiku 63-70. Makanda obadwa kumene (nthawi zambiri 2-3) amawonekera kumapeto kwa Epulo mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Juni, kutengera kutalika kwa malowa. Kulemera kwa kittens pobadwa ndi magalamu 250-300, ndi akhungu, mabowo olimba amamangidwa ndi khungu. Zovuta zonse zokhudza mbewuyo zimagwera pachikazi, yamphongo sizitenga nawo mbali polera ana. Amayi amapaka nthiti pansi, imasunga chisa choyera, ndipo imasiyanitsa nyama zazikuluzikulu ndi chisacho. Miyezi iwiri yoyambirira ya lynx amadya pafupifupi mkaka. Pofika m'badwo uwu, amaliza mapangidwe amkaka, ndipo amayamba kufinya nyama yomwe mayi amabweretsa, koma kudyetsa mkaka kumapitilira kwa miyezi ingapo. Akakwanitsa miyezi itatu, ana amphaka amachoka pakhomopo ndikutsatira amayi awo kulikonse.
Kamvekedwe ka utoto kakang'ono kwa achinyamata ndi Utoto wa "wamkulu" umangokhala pofika miyezi isanu ndi inayi, "akasinja" ndi ma nthito m'makutu amakula okha mkati mwa chaka chimodzi ndi theka. Banja limapitirira mpaka chotsatira chotsatira, ndipo amphaka amapitilira kukhala mgulu limodzi ndipo atakula, okonzekera mating, muwathamangitse. Ngati wamkazi sabereka ana chaka chino, ana onse m'mbuyomu amakhala naye miyezi ingapo. Lynxes amakula pang'onopang'ono zaka 1.5-2.
Utali wamoyo
Pali nthawi zina pamene ma lynxes adakhala zaka zoposa 20, mwachilengedwe, zaka zomwe amakhala ndi moyo zimakhala zochepa: zaka 10-15.
Lynxes akhala akusungidwa ku Zoo ya Moscow kuyambira pomwe idayamba. Kukongola kwa miyendo italiitali kumeneku kumakopa chidwi cha alendo, akuyenda m'nyumba zawo, zomwe zili pa Old Territory ku Cat's Row pafupi ndi Giraffe Pavilion. Zowona, kuwona lynx sichinthu chovuta ngati momwe zimawonekera. Amphaka athu ali pa promenade, ndipo tsopano anyani angapo amakhala kumalo osungira nyama, amapita kumadzulo, kumbandakucha. Nyamazo zimakonda kukhala theka loyamba la tsiku m'misasa - niches - ndi pamakhonde aliwonse mnyumba mwake. Pamenepo, atawungika pabedi la bedi, amagona mwamtendere, ndipo nthawi zina amatsegula maso awo ndikuyang'ana mosasamala nyumbayo. Zomwe zimawasangalatsa? Wina angaganize kuti alendo alephera. Ngakhale kwa osunga, omwe amatsuka ndikubweretsa chakudya tsiku lililonse, ma lynxes athu ndiabwino kuposa ozizira. Adzazindikira, koma sathamangira ndi mawu achikondi. Ndi chisangalalo chochuluka, amphaka amawonera mpheta zazing'onoting'ono zikulowetsa khola m'chiyembekezo chofuna kupanga phindu.Alendo okhala ndi ngozi ali pangozi, chifukwa mphaka wamkulu uyu mosangalala ndipo amawasaka mosasamala. Kuti ziweto zathu zisasungidwe, nthawi ndi nthawi ogwira ntchito amaika zoseweretsa zosiyanasiyana mu aviary. Za amphaka akunyumba, akulu okha kukula. Komabe, akazi athu amasewera bwino ndi ... maungu wamba! Ndi chisangalalo chitha kuwayala ang'onoang'ono. Amphongo ndi amodzi mwa zosangalatsa zambiri zomwe amaziziritsa bwino. Nthawi ina kale, osunga adayamba kuphunzitsa ndi lynx yathu pogwiritsa ntchito luso lapadera. Kuchokera kunja, chimafanana ndi masewera - munthu, woyimirira pafupi ndi aviary, amapatsa tawuni yake chinthu chomwe chimayikidwa pachimtengo chachitali - chandamale (kuchokera pa chandamale cha Chingerezi - chandamale, chandama). M'malo mwathu, linali mpira wachizindikiro. Chilombocho chimayenera kukhudza mosavuta mpira ndi gawo linalake la thupi, pomwe adalimbikitsidwa. Kenako gawo lomwelo linaperekedwa kale mkati. Nyamayo inkayenera kubwereza zomwe inachita, kulowamo kuti izi. Cholinga cha maphunzirowa sichinali kuphunzitsa amphaka, koma kuwongolera zomwe amphaka azichita nawo, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kufotokozera nyama zomwe zikufunika kuchita.
Mu 2017, kittens adabadwa lynxes
Lynx (lat. Lynx ) Kodi ndi mtundu wamtundu wa amphaka ang'ono ang'ono, a Feline banja, Carnivores, gulu la Mammals. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za oyimira amtunduwu.
Amphaka ena awiri, dzina lake lomwe lili ndi "lynx": caracal (steppe lynx) ndi mphaka wa bango (marsh lynx) silili m'gulu la lynx.
Kodi mawu akuti lynx amatanthauza chiyani?
Mu zilankhulo zogwirizana ndi Russia, mawu omwe ali pafupi ndi lynx ali ndi tanthauzo "ofiira", "ofiira". Zingawoneke kuti etymology ndi yosavuta - dzina la chilombo limaperekedwa pakhungu lofiira. Zowonadi, mizu ya pan-Slavic mizu imabwereranso ku Indo-European leuk'- "kuwala", "kuwotcha" (mutha kuyerekeza mwezi, ray ndi Russia). Kuchokera pamizu yotereyi mawuwo amakhala ngati tsitsi lowoneka bwino, (tanthauzo lakale, "linali lopepuka", "wowala", "wonyezimira"). Chifukwa chake lynx adatchulidwa chifukwa maso ake ankawala, "watentha" mumdima. Mtundu wofiira unangopereka "p" yoyambirira - yogwirizana kale ndi utoto.
Phokoso limayamba kumva bwino komanso kumva, koma fungo limakhala lofooka. Mabiski m'makutu awo ndi zomveka zomata. Ngati lynx yatayidwa tsitsi ili, ndiye kuti limva zoyipa kwambiri.
Pofikira pamalo pogona, lynx imadumphira kuti mayendedwe ake asayandikire pobisala: mwanjira iyi amatsata kusapezeka kwake. Masana wagona, koma kupumula kwake nkwachifundo, popeza wolusa amawona mayendedwe aliwonse omuzungulira.
Mphaka wamtchire amakhala ndi moyo pawekha, amayang'anira kuchepa kwa olimbana nawo mdera losankhidwa.
Akazi amasunga ana. M'nyengo yobala yokha yokha yomwe ma lynxes amapezeka awiriawiri.
Kodi lynx amadya chiyani?
Nyama iliyonse yomwe imatha kuigwira ikhoza kukhala nyulu:
- zolengedwa zazing'ono zazing'ono (ma chipmunks, ma bows, dormouse, agalu a fodya, marmots, beavers,)
- mbalame (capercaillie, hazel grouse, phala, grouse wakuda, bustard, pheasant),
- Zinyama zazikulu: agwape, chamois, agwape, nkhumba zamtchire, Araliali, agwape, agwape,
- Nthawi zina lynx imazunza gulu la mbuzi ndikuwononga anthu angapo nthawi imodzi,
- Amapha ankhandwe ndi ofera ngati mpikisano, osati chakudya,
- Canadian lynx amadya nsomba, marmots, martens, agologolo, gopher,
- lynx wofiira amathanso kudya
- nthawi zina olusa amadana ndi ziweto zazing'ono ndi nkhuku (mwachitsanzo,).
Kutengedwa patsamba: www.lynxexsitu.es, CC BY 3.0 es
Usiku ukagwa, nyama imasaka. Nyalugayo imadikirira nyama yomwe yabisalira, kapena kubisala (kutanthauza kuti imayandikira pafupi ndi wogwirayo momwe ingathere kuti ikwaniritse ndi kulumpha kamodzi), koma osagwa pamtengo. Amayenda pang'onopang'ono, nthawi ndi nthawi kumayima ndi kumvetsera.
Ngati kuli kotheka, amatsatira njira yoponderezedwa, kutsatira njira zake zakale, makamaka nyengo yachisanu. Mwa kulanda amatsegula mbali ya tchuthi. Kuukira kumayamba ndi kamodzi, nthawi zambiri ndikumadumpha kwa 3-10.Ngati kuukiridwa sikunaphule kanthu, ankabwereza kangapo kulumpha kwakanthawi, kenako nkuletsa kuyeseza. Lynx imadya nyama yodzala ndi 2-3 kg patsiku, ndipo ngati ili ndi njala kwambiri, ndiye mpaka 5 kg.
Kutengedwa patsamba: www.lynxexsitu.es, CC BY 3.0 es
Mitundu ya Lynx, mayina ndi zithunzi
Mitundu ya lynx imaphatikizapo mitundu inayi ya zamoyo. Pansipa pali gulu.
Rod Lynx (lat. Lynx ):
- Lynx canadensis - waku Canada Lynx
- Lynx lynx - wamba lynx
- Lynxkukhululuka - Pyrenees Lynx, Spanish Lynx, Sardinian Lynx
- Lynxrufus - Red Lynx, Red Lynx
Mu Pleistocene, woimira wachisanu wa mtundu - mitundu Lynx issiodorensis , omwe zotsalira zake zidapezeka ku Africa, Europe ndi North America.
Lotsatira ndi kufotokoza kwa mitundu inayi ya lynxes.
Mayina ena: European, European. Lynxes wamkulu kwambiri komanso wapamwamba kwambiri. Kutalika kwa thupi lake ndi 80-130 cm, kutalika kwa mchirawo kuchokera pa 10 mpaka 24,5 masentimita, kutalika kwa nyama kufota ndi 60-75 masentimita. Amuna lynx amalemera kuyambira 18 mpaka 30 (malinga ndi magwero ena 36 kg), akazi - kuyambira 8 mpaka 21 kg Koma uku sikumakhala malire: kulemera kwa wamwamuna m'modzi kuchokera ku Siberia amafikira 38 kapena 40 kg.
M'nyengo yotentha, lynx ya ku Europe ili ndi chovala chachifupi, chofiira kapena chofiirira, chomwe, monga lamulo, chimakhala chowala kwambiri mu nyama zomwe zimakhala kum'mwera kwa masanjidwe. M'nyengo yozizira, ubweya umakhala wokulirapo, mtundu wake umakhala wosiyanasiyana kuchokera ku siliva kapena imvi. Kunja kwa thupi la nyama, kuphatikiza khosi ndi chibwano, nthawi zonse kumakhala koyera. Ubweya nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi mawanga akuda, koma mayikidwe awo ndi kuchuluka kwake amasiyanasiyana. Anthu ena amakhala ndi mikwingwirima yakuda pamphumi ndi kumbuyo. Mitundu imakhala ndi mitundu ingapo.
Lynx wamba ndiye mtundu wakumpoto kwambiri wa banja la Feline, wokhala ngakhale kupyola Arctic Circle. Amakhala munkhalango, zitsamba, m'malo amiyala, m'zipululu, m'mapiri mpaka 5500 m pamwamba pa nyanja. Ku Russia, lynx amakhala m'nkhalango zowirira komanso zobiriwira, kuphatikiza nkhalango zamapiri, nthawi zina amalowa m'nkhalango-steppe ndi nkhalango ya tundra, amapezeka kulikonse, mpaka ku Sakhalin ndi Kamchatka.
Olemba ena amati Canadian lynx ndi magulu wamba. Kutalika kwa thupi la nyama kumasiyana kuchokera pa masentimita 67 (malingana ndi magwero ena kuchokera pa 80 cm) mpaka 106 cm, mchira - 5-15 masentimita, kutalika kufota - 48-56 cm, kulemera - kuyambira 4.5 mpaka 11 (malinga ndi malipoti ena, mpaka 17, 3 makilogalamu). M'nyengo yozizira, tsitsi lynx limakhala lotuwa, nthawi yotentha limakhala ndi timiyala tating'ono toyera. Pakati pa oimira nyamazo, palibe zotulutsa ndi maalubino, koma ku Alaska, munthu yemwe anali ndi mwinjiro wamtambo adawona. Kunja kwa thupi la nyama, ubweya wake ndi wokulirapo komanso wowonda. Tsitsi lakuda limamera m'mphepete mwa ndevu, pachala komanso kumbuyo kwamakutu.
Achinyamata aku Canada amakhala m'nkhalango za Alaska, Canada ndi kumpoto kwa United States mpaka kumapiri a Rocky ku Colado.
- Iberian, Chisipanya, kapena Sardinian lynx (lat. Lynx pardinus )
Mayina ena: Iberian, leopard lynx. M'mbuyomu, idawerengedwa ngati kagulu kakang'ono ka lynx wamba.
Ichi ndi nyama yokhala ndi thupi lalifupi, miyendo yayitali ndi bza ndi mchira wocheperako kuposa mamembala ena amtundu. Kutalika kwa amuna ndi 65-82 (munjira zina mpaka 100) masentimita, mchirawo ndi 12.5-16 (malinga ndi zina 30 cm), kutalika kwake kufota ndi 40-70 masentimita, ndipo kulemera kwake kumayambira pa 7 mpaka 15,9 kg. Akazi ndi ocheperako, matupi awo amatalika kuyambira 68 mpaka 75 cm, kulemera - 9-10 kg. Pyrenean lynx ali ndi tsitsi lalifupi lachikaso kapena lamawonekedwe owoneka, ofanana ndi.
Madera osiyanasiyana a Pyrenean lynx ndi madera ochepa a mapiri ku Spain. Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, anthu ambiri kuchokera ku Nyanja ya Mediterranean kukafika ku Galicia (Western Ukraine). Podzafika 1960, inali itataya 80% yamagulu ake akale. Ili ndi mtundu wosowa kwambiri wa lynx wotchulidwa mu International Red Book.
Imakhala ndi Pyrenees lynx m'nkhalango zosakanikirana, mapiri komanso pakati pa miyala. Imachitika pamalo okwera mamitala 400 mpaka 1300 kuchokera kunyanja.
Kutengedwa patsamba: www.lynxexsitu.es, CC BY 3.0 es
Kutengedwa patsamba: www.lynxexsitu.es, CC BY 3.0 es
Ili ndiye lynx laling'ono kwambiri mwa mitundu inayi. Kukula kwa nyama kupatula mchira ndi 47,5-105 cm (pafupifupi kutalika kwa thupi - 82.7 cm), mchira - kuyambira 9 mpaka 20 cm, kutalika kufota - 30-60 cm, kulemera kwa amuna kuyambira 6.4 mpaka 18 kg, zazikazi - kuchokera 4 mpaka 15 makilogalamu. Nyama yayikulu kwambiri yamtunduwu imalemera 27 kg.
American lynx ili ndi miyendo yofupikirapo poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ndipo imakhala ndi miyendo yopapatiza, chifukwa sizifunikira kuyenda chipale chofewa.Kupukutira kwanyama kumawoneka kotalikirapo chifukwa cha tsitsi la tsitsi lomwe limakula pa iye. Mtundu wa tsitsi lynx umasinthasintha, nthawi zambiri imakhala yotuwa ndi mitsempha yakuda, kunsi kwa ndevu ndi ndevu zimayera ndi madontho akuda. Mkati mwa nsonga ya mchira muli chizindikiro choyera. Ma Lynxes ndi akuda komanso oyera.
Ma lynxes ofiira amakhala kumayiko ambiri North America: kuchokera kumwera kwa Canada mpaka pakati Mexico. Amakonda malo okhala, zipululu, malo obisalamo, nkhalango, udzu ndi msipu. Zimapezeka mpaka 3500 m pamwamba pamadzi. Mitundu imakhala ndi mitundu yambiri.
Nyama iyi ikuyimira banja la mphaka. Ambiri ali ndi chidwi ndi funso la komwe lynx imakhala, njira yosavuta yopezera mu taiga. Pakadali pano, palibe zambiri zomwe zimadziwika zokhudzana ndi mitundu ya lynx, momwe zimakhalira. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndi kulondola ndi kusamala kwa nyamayo. Kufika kwa iwo sikophweka monga momwe kumawonekera poyamba. Malinga ndi malongosoledwe, lynx wamba, monga wina aliyense, m'miyezi yachisanu amatha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zopangidwa ndi munthu. Mphaka wamtchire ndiwokondweretsa kwa okonda nyama ambiri.
Lynx amakhala ndi zaka pafupifupi 17, Zizindikiro za mtundu uliwonse wa lynx zimasiyana.
Lynx - kufotokoza ndi mawonekedwe akunja
Lynx ndi m'modzi mwa oimira amphaka okongola kwambiri, kutalika kwake kumatengera mitundu. Pafupifupi, kukula kwake kumakhala masentimita 60 - 140. Pali brashi pamakutu. Kudera la ndevu, chilombocho chimakhala ndi tsitsi lalitali kuposa m'malo ena. Chifukwa cha izi, whisker zotsatira zimapangidwa. Nyama imasiyanitsidwa ndi ana akuluakulu, ofukula, Kukongola kwa chirombo kumatsimikiziridwa ndi ubweya wonyezimira ndi wakuda.
Chilombochi chimatha kupezeka ku maiko aku Europe, komanso lynx imatha kuwoneka ku China, Georgia ndi Greece. Oposa theka la oimira mtunduwu amakhala kumayiko akumadzulo, ku United States of America ndi Canada.
Ku Russian Federation, nyama zimatha kuwoneka m'nkhalango za taiga. Kutengera ndi malo omwe zimakhala, zonse zauthupi ndi zakunja kwa nyamayo ndizosiyana.
Spanish
Lynx yaku Spain ili ndi mayina ambiri, Chiberia, Chiberia ndi ena. Ambiri ali ndi nkhawa ndi funso loti kodi woimira mtunduwu amakhala kuti. Pakadali pano, ambiri mwa nyamazi ali mgawo la paki ya dzikolo, Pyrenees lynx imatha kupezeka munkhalango ndi m'mapiri a Portugal ndi Spain. Gulu lachi Spain ku Spain lidali m'modzi mwa mabungwe aku Europe. Komabe, akatswiri adapeza kuti oimira awiriwa a banja la amphaka adasinthika mosiyana.
Buluzi wa ku Spain amadziwika chifukwa m'miyezi yachisanu ubweya wake umakhala wocheperako. Kutalika kwake sikokulira, kutalika ndi pafupifupi masentimita 50, kutalika ndi 80 - 90 cm. Unyinji wa Spanish lynx wagona masentimita 12 - 22.
Peyeskaya lynx imakhala ndi ubweya wonyezimira kapena wachikasu; mawanga amatha kukhala osiyanasiyana komanso amakulidwe osiyanasiyana. Chimodzi mwazinthu zawo zazikuluzikulu - nsagwayo ndi yayitali kuposa ya oyimira ena a kalasi iyi, chizungulire ndi chopapatiza. Zomwe zimapangidwazo zimapangitsa kuti bogeyman apange kuluma kwamphamvu kwambiri, wogwiridwayo amafa chifukwa cha 2 - 3.
Siberia
Ngakhale pali mitundu yambiri ya mitundu ya feline, ma lynx a ku Siberia okha ndi omwe amapezeka kumpoto kwa Russian Federation. Ntchito za anthu m'maderawa zakhudza kwambiri chiwerengero cha anthu aku Sibertoni a Siberia.
Tsitsi la ku Siberia lynx limayamikiridwa kwambiri pamsika, zomwe zidachititsanso kuti pakadali pano woimira amphaka amtunduwu ali m'buku lofiira. Lynx ya ku Siberia ili ndi gawo linalake lomwe limalola kuti lizitha kukhalapo nyengo yozizira. Kuphatikiza pa chakuti chilombo chimakwera mitengo bwino, chimathamanganso kuthamanga, kusambira bwino, kudumphira kumtunda komanso kutali. Nthawi zambiri, nyamayi imapezeka m'nkhalango zachilengedwe, koma oimirawo amatha kupezeka munkhalango.Ena adakumana ndi ma lynxes kupitilira pa Arctic Circle.
Chipululu
Chipululu lynx chimatanthawuza phokoso lamtchire, dzina lina la nyama iyi ndi nyama. Omasuliridwa kuchokera ku Turkey, dzina la chilombochi limatanthawuza khutu lakuda.
Nthawi zambiri chilombochi chimatha kukumana ndi moyo m'thengo m'chipululu, nthawi zambiri chilombochi chimapezeka ku Africa ndi Asia Minor. Pakadali pano, pafupifupi magulu 9 a nkhono zam'chipululu ndizodziwika.
Feline yamtunduwu imakhala ndi thupi loonda komanso lotalika masentimita 85. Chizindikiro china cha caracal ndi makutu ake apamwamba, omwe amapezeka molunjika. Tsitsi lolimba limalola chilombo kuyendayenda mozungulira mosakanikirana ndi mchenga. Ambiri akuda nkhawa akafunsidwa kuchuluka kwa lynx; mtundu uwu umalemera pafupifupi ma kilogalamu 12. Kulemera kwa amuna ndi okulirapo pang'ono kuposa zazikazi.
Lynx ndi nyama yokongola mosadabwitsa, ndipo anthu ena amakana kuti nyama izikhala kunyumba. Chilombochi chili ndi chisomo komanso zizolowezi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azisilira woimira awa. Komabe, musanayambe lynx yanyumba, muyenera kuzidziwa bwino.
M'malo azithengo, ndizosowa kwambiri kukumana ndi woimira nyama zamtunduwu. Ntchito zake zazikulu zimachitika usiku kapena madzulo, koma kumapeto kwa masika, nthawi zambiri zojambula za thupi zimayenda masana. Komanso nyamayi nthawi zina imawonetsa zochitika tsiku ndi tsiku m'miyezi yozizira, chifukwa chosowa chakudya. Pazifukwa izi, nyamayi imawononga nthawi, yopanga kupuma, kuti ipeze chakudya.
Kukhazikika kwa chirombo kumeneku kumaimiridwa ngati kakhwangwala pamwala, koma nyamayo imatha kukhazikika m'miyala yopanda kanthu, yomwe pazifukwa zina idasiyidwa ndi nkhandwe kapena chirombo china.
Woimira mphaka uyu samakonda kukhala ndi njala, chifukwa cha luso lakelo losaka. Thupi lamphamvu komanso kumva kwabwino kumalola chilombochi kupezana mosavuta ndi womenyedwayo. Caracal imatha kugwira mbalame mosavuta pagulu lomwe limayenera kuuluka. Lynx amadya nyama kapena mbalame zokha. Izi zimaphatikizapo antelope, nkhandwe ngakhale nthiwatiwa.
Mafani ambiri a chirombo ichi ali ndi chidwi ndi funso loti ndalama za lynx zingati. Mtengo wake ungafanizidwe ndi mtengo wamgalimoto wakunja kapena galimoto yatsopano. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndi kupweteka kwa zodzola. Mukukula kwa maukonde apadziko lonse lapansi pali mitengo yosiyanasiyana yomwe imachokera ku 450,000 mpaka 1 miliyoni rubles.
M'mbuyomu, abwanawa adalowetsedwa mnyumba kuti wolusa awathandize kuteteza gawo. Ndikotheka kusungirako nyama yotereyi m'nyumba, koma kuti muchite izi, muyenera kudzipereka. Matayala ake ayenera kukhala okulirapo kuposa amphaka am'nyumba. Caracal imayenera kuphunzitsidwa, ndikofunikira kuti imuphunzitse nthawi yomweyo kuti athe kupeza zosowa poyenda. Nyama iyi imafunikira mpweya watsopano tsiku ndi tsiku, komanso agalu. Mukamatsatira malamulo onse ophunzitsira nyama, ndiye kuti mipando yanu ndi nyumba ndizikhala zotetezeka komanso zomveka.
Adani Akutchire
Choopsa chachikulu pa lynx ndi munthu. Ubweya wa nyama iyi umayamikiridwa kwambiri pamsika, nyama iyi imathanso kulowetsa ziweto. Chilombo chikakumana ndi munthu, amayesera kumubisala mumtengo. Osowa kwambiri, woyamba lynx adakumana ndi munthu. Ngati chiweto chitavulala, sichithawa, chilombocho chimayesetsa kulumphira mlenjeyo ndikupha.
Choopsa china ku chirombochi ndi mimbulu. Ngati lynx ndi yaying'ono, sichikwera pamtengo, koma imayesa kuthawa pagululo, yomwe nthawi zonse imatha ndikumwalira kwa feline. Nyama yodziwika ikhala pamtengo mpaka gululo litasiya kuzinga.
Lynx ndi nyama yotchuka, chifukwa cha kukongola kwake. Anthu ambiri amapita kumalo osungira nyama chifukwa chofuna chidwi osati njovu, akambuku, komanso lynxes kuphatikizapo. Komabe, ngakhale mikhalidwe yotereyi ndizovuta kuziwona.Chilombochi chimakonda kukhala nthawi yayitali ku niche, chimatuluka makamaka m'mawa kwambiri. Anthu alibe chidwi, samawonetsa chikondi kwa ogwira ntchito zoo. Nyama iyi imakondwera kwambiri ndi mpheta yomwe imawulukira mwangozi. Woimira feline amakonda mbalame, chifukwa mbalame zouluka mumlengalenga kupita ku lynx ndizangozi zoopsa. Akazi amakonda kusewera nyama, monga amphaka ena aliwonse, okhala ndi zinthu zozungulira, apa maungu. Amuna pankhaniyi amakhala ndi magazi owopsa, osasewera.
- Chilombo ichi chimakhala ndi chizolowezi chimodzi chobisala nyama chobisalirako osabwerako.
- Makutu a nyama iyi amatha kugwira phokoso kwambiri, kaya ndi mpweya wa munthu kapena nkhandwe.
- Kudumpha kwa chilombo kutalika kumatha kufika mita 6.
- Mitundu ya ku Eurasian imatha kukhala m'malo a -5 digiri Celsius.
- Chilombo sichimakonda nkhandwe ndipo, ngati zingatheke, chimaziwononga. Connoisseurs amafotokozera izi mwa lingaliro la ankhandwe osaka omwe amakonda kudya nyama yakunja. Pazifukwa izi, nthumwi ya feline ikaona nkhandwe pafupi ndi nyama yake, imayigwirizitsa, kenako imathamangira kwa wakuba. Nyama sizidzadya, chilombocho chimasiya nkhandwe zakufa m'malo ndi masamba.
Amakhulupirira kuti lynx amatchedwa ngwazi yanthano Lucius, yemwe adatha kudziwa bwino.
Palinso gulu lapadera lotchedwa Academy of Lynxes, lidapangidwa ku Italy m'zaka za XVII.
Mawonekedwe
Nyama iyi imakhala ku Eurasia, Kamchatka, North America. M'mbuyomu, lynx idapezekanso ku mayiko aku Europe, koma chifukwa cha kufuna kwake ubweya wake udatsala pang'ono kufalikira kumadera amenewa. Pakalembedwe mu Red Book.
Mitundu yotsatirayi ilipo: Canadian, Pyrenean, lynx wofiira komanso wamba, pansipa ndi zithunzi zochepa za nyama iyi.
Kunja, lynx imawoneka ngati mphaka wa zazikulu zazikulu, nthawi zambiri pafupifupi mita imodzi. Kulemera kwa amuna kumatha kufika 25-30 kg, zazikazi zolemera 20 kg. Ubweya wa Lynx ndi wandiweyani.
Ponena za utoto, umatha kukhala wofiirira, wa bulauni kapena wa imvi (zonse zimatengera komwe umakhala). Mmbali ndi kumbuyo kwake ndizakutidwa ndi mawanga amdima.
Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti lynx ili ndi mchira wa mawonekedwe achilendo kwambiri, ngati kuti idafupikitsidwa mwadala. Chovala chachisanu chimakhala chotalikirapo kuposa malaya am'chilimwe komanso chowonda.
Kukhetsa kumachitika kawiri pachaka. Miyendo yakutsogolo ndi yayitali kuposa miyendo yakumbuyo, yomwe imalola lynx kupanga kudumpha kochititsa chidwi kwambiri.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti miyendo yakumbuyo ya lynx ili ndi zala zisanu, ndipo kutsogolo kuli ndi zinayi.
Kuwala kwa lynx kumakutidwa ndi ubweya wambiri nthawi yozizira kuti izitha kuyenda bwino m'malo otentha. Njira yoyendayenda lynx ndiyofanana ndi nkhandwe ndi kambuku, miyendo yakumbuyo ikutsata mayendedwe akutsogolo.
Lynx ndi nyama yomwe imamva bwino kwambiri, chifukwa cha mabulashi apadera m'mphepete mwa makutu, mabulashi awa amagwira ntchito ya mtundu wa nyerere.
Moyo ndi zizolowezi
Lynx makamaka amakhala m'nkhalango za taiga kapena mapiri. Imapilira ndi kukwera mitengo. Lynx amamva bwino kwambiri ngakhale kutentha kwa 60 madigiri. Dera lomwe amakhala ndikukasaka, lynx imatha kufikira dera lopitilira 200 square metres. km, ndipo itha kudutsa gawo ili pafupifupi sabata ndi theka.
Chiphuphuchi chimasintha malo ake kokha chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chakudya. Mmodzi mwa adani akuluakulu a lynx ndi mimbulu. Kuthawa mimbulu ya lynx sikungakhale mkati mwa mphamvu. Ndi okhawo omwe abisala mumitengo omwe amapulumuka.
Koma ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti chiopsezo chachikulu cha lynx ndi munthu, monga ozizira.
Kubisa kwa osaka lynx nthawi zambiri kumamupangitsa kuti amve bwino kwambiri. Kuuma kwa lynx, komanso mano ake kumatha kumuvulaza kwambiri munthu yemwe amamuvutitsa.
Chithunzi cha Lynx
Malo okhala ndi malo okhala
Amphaka amtunduwu amadziwika kuti ndi amtundu wakumpoto kwambiri womwe adakhalako padziko lapansi. Ku Scandinavia, imatha kupezeka kupyola Arctic Circle.Mpaka pakati pa zaka za zana la makumi awiri, mawonekedwe ake anali ochulukirapo, ndipo lynx ikhoza kupezeka ku Central ndi Western Europe.
M'zaka khumi zakhumi zapitazi, kuchuluka kwawo kudachepetsedwa, chifukwa cha zomwe zimayambitsa mwachindunji kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa nyama zamtunduwu. Osaka ndi amisala anatsogolera unyinji wa nyama chifukwa cha ubweya ndi zinzake.
Tiyeni timupatse maiko ochepa komwe amakhala kuti akhale ndi kubereka. Mayiko aku Europe:
Koma, mndandandawo suti wathunthu, mwina pali mayiko 10 omwe angapezeke. Ku Russia, imakonda kukhala ku Sakhalin ndi Kamchatka, njira, lynx idawonekera posachedwa. Amakonda kwambiri nkhalango zowirira komanso zowirira.
Mutha kukumana ndi mphaka wamtchire ku Caucasus, ku Central Asia, koma m'malo awa anthu ake ndi ochepa. Ponena za dera lapakati la Russian Federation, malo omwe amakhala amawoneka motere:
Ku Ukraine, imatha kuwoneka m'malo akumapiri, monga mapiri a Carpathian. Nyamayi imakhalanso ku Armenia, Azerbaijan ndi Kazakhstan.
Makhalidwe a Lynx ndi moyo wawo
Lynx ndi nyama yakuthengo. Mphaka wamkulu uyu amakhala m'nkhalangozi ndi nkhalango zamapiri. Pafupipafupi, lynx imapezeka mu tundra kapena nkhalango-steppe. Komabe, mphaka wolusa amakwera mitengo mwangwiro ndipo amadzidalira mu nthambi zake kuposa pansi.
Lynx - nyama ya taiga ndi nkhalango , ndi pomwe amatha kukhutiritsa mwanzeru malingaliro ake osaka. Lynx ya Eurasian imatha kupirira kutentha mpaka - 55 madigiri.
Lynx aliyense amakhala mdera linalake lalikulu mpaka 250 square. km, yomwe amatha kuzungulira milungu iwiri. Imangosiyira gawo lake lokha popanda chakudya. Adani akuluakulu a lynx ndi mimbulu ndipo.
Sizikudziwika chifukwa chake mimbulu imakhala amphaka olusa kwambiri, kapena amakonda nyama ya lynx kapena polimbana ndi chakudya. Komabe, sizingatheke kuthawa lynx kuchokera pagulu la mimbulu. Ngati atadziwa kubisala pamitengo, wachinyamatayo pang'ono kulumidwa ndi gulu la nkhosa.
Sizachisoni, koma choopsa chachikulu kwa nyamayi ndi munthu. Osaka chaka chilichonse amathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nyama zabwinozi. Mwa njira, msonkhano wokhala ndi lynx umatengedwa ngati mwayi, chifukwa umakonda kubisala kwa munthu m'nkhalango zamitengo.
Kukumva bwino kwambiri kwa lynx kumakupatsani mwayi wogwira masitepe asadafike komanso nthawi yobisala. Koma ngati munthu wavulala mphaka yemwe amadwala, angayembekezedwe mwamphamvu ndi mano akuthwa ndi zibwano. Nyama imatha kuthyola khosi la munthu mosavuta, koma ndizosowa kwambiri.
Wakuba mbulu lynx pa mzimu sangathe kulolera. kumudikirira ndikumupha, ndipo mtembo umachoka pomwepo. Chochititsa chidwi ndichakuti, mphaka wamtchire amakhala ndi chizolowezi chomangirira mchira wake. Sizinafotokozedwebe bwino pazomwe amachitirazi.
Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali
Kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mpaka nthawi yachilimwe, lynx imayamba nyengo yakukhwima. Amuna angapo omwe amayenda ndi akazi nthawi zonse amamenya nkhondo, kutulutsa, kufuula ndi kufuula. Nyimbozi zimatha kumveka patali kwambiri. Zachikazi zikafuna zakale komanso zamphamvu kwambiri, nyama zimapanga banja.
Banja lokondana limalumikizana wina ndi mnzake, limagwedezeka ndikuyamba kudula mphumi zawo mosavuta. Otsatirawa ndi kukonzekeretsa nyumba, yomwe imatha kukhala pamizu ya mtengo, pabowo, m'phanga kapena m'thanthwe. Amazungulira nyumba yawo ndi udzu, tsitsi la nyama ndi nthenga.
Pambuyo pa miyezi 2-2,5, makanda 2-5 amabadwa, omwe amalemera pafupifupi 300 g, osamva chilichonse. Komabe, pakatha sabata, makolo amayamba kulera wawung'ono pankati. Amabweretsa ndodo kapena mbalame pang'ono.
Ntchito ya mwana ndi kuipeza. Ali ndi miyezi itatu, anyaniwa amapezeka kale ndi amayi awo kokasaka, ndipo atakwanitsa miyezi isanu amaphunzira kudzipezera okha chakudya. Ana amphaka akamakwanitsa chaka chimodzi, amayi awo amwano amawapitikitsa ndikuwapatsa mwana watsopano.
Yaikaziyo yakonzeka kukhwima pafupifupi chaka chimodzi ndi theka, amuna awiri ndi theka.Kutalika kwa moyo wa nyama zodya zachilengedwe kumafika zaka 20, akagwidwe akafika pa 25.
Tsopano mafashoniwa akuphatikizapo kukonzanso nyama zakutchire m'zinyumba ndi m'nyumba. At kugula nyama yokhala ngati lynx, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti akufuna malo okhalamo ambiri ndi chisamaliro chapadera.
Zizolowezi za nyama yakutchirezi sizimapangitsa kuti zizisungika m'nyumba, pakadali pano, mtunduwo "Domestic Lynx" umadutsana ndi kudutsa lynx wamtchire komanso utoto wofanana. Mtengo wa Lynx wamtali kwambiri, koma ndichabwino kukhala ndi chiweto chanzeru, chokongola komanso chisomo.
Common Lynx (Lynx lynx) - nyama yomwe ili m'gulu la mitundu ya zinyama ndi mtundu wa lynx, yomwe imaphatikizapo mitundu inayi. Lynx wamba ndi wa machitidwe wamba a nyama zankholomo ndi banja la Feline.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Masiku ano, dziko lathuli lili ndi mitundu yambiri ya lynx, yomwe ndi yosiyana makulidwe, khungu ndi magawidwe ake. Lynx tsopano ndiye mtundu wakumpoto kwambiri wa banja la mphaka. .
Ndizosangalatsa! Chithunzithunzi cha lynx chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuwongolera, kotero chizindikirochi chimapezeka kawirikawiri m'mazira ndi zizindikiro za mizinda yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza Gomel ndi Ust-Kubinsk ku Vologda Oblast.
Mawonekedwe
Chitamba chachifupi komanso chofiyira chimadziwika ndi mitundu yonse ya mitengo ya lynxes, ngakhale mitundu. Makutu amakhala ndi zazitali zazitali komanso zomveka bwino tsitsi. Mchirawo ndi waufupi, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe, "odulidwa" gawo. Mutu waung'ono, wotchulidwa kuti wozungulira. Tsitsi lalitali limakhala ndiunyinji m'mphepete mwa muzzle, ndipo limapanga "ndevu" zachilendo. Tizilomboti tifupikitsidwa, tili ndi maso athunthu ndi ana owzungulira. Mapira ndi akulu mu dzinja ndi pubescence yabwino.
Ndizosangalatsa! Ndi nyengo yozizira, gawo lam'munsi mwa lynx limakulidwa ndi tsitsi lalitali komanso lolimba, kotero kuti nyamayo imatha kuyendayenda ngakhale pa chipale chofewa kwambiri komanso chosasunthika, monga kugwedezeka.
Makulu a Lynx
Kutalika kwa thupi la lynx wamkulu kumatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa 80-130cm . Kutalika kwa nyanjayo kufota kumafika 65-70cm. Monga lamulo, wachikulire komanso wopangidwa bwino lynx amafanana kukula ndi galu wamkulu, wamkulu. Kulemera kwa msambo wamwamuna wamkulu kumasiyana pakati pa 18-25 makilogalamu, koma amuna ena amatha kulemera makilogalamu 8-10, ndipo nthawi zambiri zazimayi zimalemera osapitirira 18-20 kg.
Khungu
Makatani a tsitsi la lynx amasintha kwambiri masiku ano, ndipo amatha kuyimiridwa ndi mitundu yambiri ya mitundu ndi mithunzi, yomwe imatengera mwachindunji malo omwe anthu amakhala. Mtundu ukhoza kusiyanasiyana ngati maonekedwe ofiira kukhala amtundu wonyezimira, ndikamayang'ana pang'ono kumbuyo kapena miyendo, komanso mbali za nyama.
Pamimba ya lynx, tsitsi limakhala lotalikirapo komanso lofewa, losalala, koma losakhala lakuda komanso pafupifupi loyera ndi loyera. Kumagawo akum'mwera, anthu amakhala ndi mtundu wofiira kwambiri, komanso wokhala ndi chovala chachifupi komanso chofiyira. Imafesa nyama yolusa kasupe ndi nthawi yophukira.
Khalidwe Lynx wamba
Pamodzi ndi mitundu yambiri ya nyama zolusa, lynx yodziwika bwino imakonda kuchita usiku, kapena, njira yamadzulo. Izi zimangodya zokha, koma zazikazi zimakhala ndi miyezi ingapo.
Ndizosangalatsa! Lynxes amapita kukafunafuna nyama yawo ikayamba kuda. Mabulashi omwe ali m'makutu a nyama zakutchire amakhala ngati chida chomwe chimathandizira kuzindikira kwa nyama.
Kuphatikiza pa kusaka omwe amatchedwa skrad, anyaniwa amatha kudikirira nyama yomwe abisalira. Nyama yolusa imeneyi nthawi zambiri imadikirira nyama yomwe ili pafupi ndi njira ya hare, komanso kufupi ndi bowo lalikulu.
Komwe lynx imakhala, mitundu
Lynx amakonda kukhala m'nkhalango zowirira komanso zamtambo, koma nthawi zina amatha kulowa m'nkhalango kapena m'nkhalango. Nyama imatha kukwera mosavuta osati mitengo yokha, komanso miyala, komanso yabwino pakusambira.
Chifukwa cha chovala chambiri, lynx imasinthasintha kukhala ndi moyo chipale chofewa kuposa Arctic Circle. Malo omwe amawoneka pa ubweya amapangitsa kuti lynx ikhale yosaoneka masana masana pakati pa kuwala kwa dzuwa komwe kumagwera pansi, komanso kumasira nyama pakati pamitengo ndi zitsamba.
Zakudya ndi Migodi
Kusaka kwodziwika bwino kwa ma lynx, nthawi zambiri, kwa ma hares. Ngati ndi kotheka, nyamayi imathanso kulimbana ndi anthu wamba, kuphatikizapo agwape, agwape ndi agwape, komanso nkhumba zazing'ono zamtchire. Nthawi zambiri lynxes amagwira agologolo ndi martens, komanso kudya grouse, grouse ndi grouse wakuda.
Pofunafuna chakudya, anyaniwa amatha kuyenda pafupifupi makilomita makumi atatu masana, ndipo zaka zambiri ali ndi njala, nyama zambiri zimangofika kunyumba ya munthu, komwe amphaka amphaka kapena agalu ndi agalu ndi ng'ombe zazing'ono zimagwira. Nyama yosavomerezeka imakumbidwa mu chisanu kapena pansi.
Ndizosangalatsa! Mfundo yachilendo ngati nkhosweyo ya nkhandwe kwa nkhandwe imadziwika bwino. Nyamayi imayesera kuluma nkhandweyo nthawi yoyamba, koma nyamayi siyidyedwa konse ndi chakudya.
Kubala ndi kubereka
Common Lynx - nyama zodya zomwe zimayenda zokha . Mpikisano wothamanga umayamba mu Marichi. Panthawi imeneyi, zilombo zolusa zimangolira mofuula kwambiri, komanso zimangokhala phokoso kapena mokweza. Pakumeta, wamkazi aliyense amakhala ndi nthawi yomweyo amuna angapo akamalimbana. Okwatirana ophunzitsidwa bwino amakhala ndi miyambo yolandirika, ndipo chikondi chimasonyezeredwa kukatirana ubweya wa wina ndi mnzake.
Ndizosangalatsa! Nthawi ya bere wamkazi imasiyanasiyana pakati pa masiku 64-70. Ana amodzi amakhala, monga lamulo, la ma kittens, koma nthawi zina chiwerengero chawo chimatha kufikira zisanu. Lynxes ndi agonthi komanso akhungu, ndichifukwa chake chachikazi choyamba chimabisala mdzenje, chomwe chimakhala pansi pa mizu yamitengo yakugwa, m'maenje akuya kapena m'mapanga a pansi. Komanso, zazimayi zina nthawi zina zimakonzera phanga m'mabowo otsika kapena m'miyala yayikulu.
Kulemera kwapakati kwa mphaka wongobadwa kumene, monga lamulo, sikupitirira 250-300 g. Maso a Lynx amatseguka kokha patsiku la 12. Pafupifupi mwezi wathunthu, wamkazi amadyetsa ana ake mkaka, kenako, pang'onopang'ono kudyetsa zakudya zomanga thupi pang'ono. Kubadwa kwa mphaka kumachitika ndi makolo onse awiri, omwe samateteza ana awo, komanso amamuphunzitsa momwe angapangire chakudya ndikubisala kwa adani. Kukula mwakugonana mwa akazi kumayandikira zaka ziwiri, ndipo mwa amuna miyezi ingapo pambuyo pake.