Ptero Double - Webusayiti Yamagulu Awiri * Mbalame

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Kalasi: Mbalame
Dongosolo: Passeriformes
Banja: Kadinala
Okwatirana: Makadinala
Onani: Makadinala ofiira

Dzina lachi Latin: Cardinalis Cardinalis
Dzina la Chingerezi: Cardinal kumpoto

Habitat: mayiko akum'mawa aku US, kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Canada, Mexico, Bermuda, Hawaii, kumwera kwa California, kumwera kukafika kumpoto kwa Guatemala

Zambiri

Mbalame ya Cardinal, Virginia Cardinal, Virginia Nightingale, Kardinali Wotsogola kapena Ma Cardinal ofiira - wowoneka bwino ngati nyimbo wokhala ngati America wokhala ku America. Komwe dzinalo limachokera ndikomveka bwino m'mawonekedwe ake - mawonekedwe ofiira ofiira ali odziwika bwino kwa zovala zamakadinala a Tchalitchi cha Roma Katolika omwe amavala zovala zofiira ndi zipewa. Kukhazikika kwachilengedwe kwa mbalame zowaza ndizo mayiko akummaŵa kwa USA ndi gombe lakumwera chakum'mawa kwa Mexico ndi Canada. Mu 1700 adapita ku Bermuda, komwe adachita bwino mizu, nakwezanso zilumba za Hawaii ndi kumwera kwa California. Kwa zaka mazana angapo, idatumizidwa ku Western Europe ngati nkhuku zapadera. Mwachilengedwe, mumakhala nkhalango zamitundu mitundu, minda, mapaki, tchire. Imawoneka malo okhalapo anthropogenic ndipo imapezeka ngakhale m'mapaki amizinda yayikulu, mwachitsanzo, ku Washington.

Kwa anthu aku North America, Cardinal ya Kumpoto, monganso aku Russia, ndi ng'ombe yopanda ndalama. Ndipo monganso ku Russia amakonda kuyimira inkunzi yamphongo pamakhadi a nthawi yozizira, choncho ku USA ndi Canada - makadinala. Ndipo pa Khrisimasi ndi Chaka Chatsopano kupezeka kwa mbalame yofiira kumeneku kumadziwika kwambiri ngati Santa weniweni, Frosty, the snowd-de-de-de-deed Rudolph. Chithunzi cha nthenga izi pomwe sichikuwonekera: choyambirira, pakukhudza makhadi a Khrisimasi, penti, mapanelo, mawindo okhala ndi magalasi, mbale zokongoletsera, ma prints, ma mugs ndi magalasi - simudzalemba zonse. Makatoni amalola kuti kuzizira kuzizire, osataya mtima: pomwe simudzawona mbalame zina, zotumphukira zofiira pa chipale chofiyira chimawuluka mwamphamvu kuchokera kumalo ndi malo kapena kukhala mosangalala pamitengo ya chipale chofewa. Ndipo, kuphatikiza apo, zipatso zofiira zamtundu wina zimatuluka pansi pa chipale chofewa, chithunzi chokongola chimaperekedwa. Mbalame yofiira pa nthambi yokhala ndi chipale chofewa - chiwembu chomwe ndimakonda kwambiri makadi a Khrisimasi. Chithunzi cha mbalameyi chimasankhidwa ndi zizindikilo zovomerezeka m'maiko asanu ndi awiri a USA: Indiana, Virginia, West Virginia, Illinois, Kentucky, Ohio ndi North Carolina. Mwa njira, ndizotheka kuti mbalame yamakadinala ndiyo kukhala mmodzi wa otchulidwa mumasewera otchuka "Angry bird".

Kadinolo anali amodzi mwa mitundu yambiri yomwe inafotokozedwa ndi Karl Linnaeus pantchito yake ya 18, System of Natural (lat. Systema naturae). Poyamba, idaphatikizidwa ndi mtundu wa Klesta, womwe tsopano umangodutsa malire okha. Mu 1838, adamuika mu banja la Cardinal ndipo adalandira dzina lasayansi Cardinalis virginianus, lomwe limatanthawuza "Namwali Cardinal." Mu 1918, dzina lasayansi lidasinthidwa kukhala Richmondena Cardinalis polemekeza Charles Wallace Richmond, katswiri wa zamankhwala waku America. Ndipo mu 1983 pomwe dzina lasayansi lidasinthidwanso kukhala Cardinalis lero.

Kutalika kwa thupi la munthu wamkulu ndi kutalika 20-30 cm, kulemera kwa 45 g. Wamphongo ali ndi mtundu wowoneka bwino wa rasipiberi, wokhala ndi "chigoba" chakuda kuzungulira maso ndi mdomo. Akazi amakhala ndi maulusi ofiirira otuwa okhala ndi mapiko ofiira okhala m'mapiko, mawonekedwe ndi mawere, ndi chigoba chopepuka kuposa amuna. Mbalame zazing'ono ndizofanana mtundu wa akazi akuluakulu. Miyendo ndi yofiirira. Maso okhala ndi ana a bulauni. Amakhala ndi nthenga zazitali zazitali.

Kuyimba kwa amuna kumadzaza nyumbayo ndi mawu okweza ndi nyimbo, zokumbukira pang'ono zoimbira usiku. Akazi amayimbanso, koma mwakachetechete komanso osati okongola kwambiri. Nyimboyi ndiyimba muluzi wosalala, wokhala ndi mitundu yambiri, kuphatikizapo "kyu-kyu-kyu", "chiir-chiir-chiir" ndi "way-puni-puni". Amuna ndi akazi onse amayimba pafupifupi chaka chonse. Kuimbira mwachizolowezi ndi "chip." Popeza mu ukapolo makatoni amanenepa mosavuta, muyenera kuwasunga mumakola akuluakulu kapena mapailosi osachepera mita imodzi, poganizira kuti tsiku lililonse mungalole mbalame kuwuluka panja.

Monga lamulo, makadinala ofiira amasankha awiri moyo wonse. Mbalamezi ndizodziyimira pawokha ndipo sizigwiritsa ntchito nyumba zoimbidwa, chifukwa chake, nthawi yakukhwima, wamkazi amamanga chisa, ndipo yamphongo imamuthandiza. Ndikofunikanso kulingalira kuti mbalame zanjala zikakhala zolimba kwambiri ndipo zimatha kumenyana ndi abale awo omwe amakhala m'makumba oyandikana nawo, kotero kuti owetera azisungidwa azikhala kwa ena. Kadinolo wofiira ndiwokongola kwambiri komanso osati wowoneka bwino. Zolemba zake sizovuta komanso zosavuta kuchita, pomubweza iye amalandila mbalame yachilendo kwambiri.

Mbalame zamakadinolo "mano okoma" - amasangalala kudya elderberry, juniper, chitumbuwa, mphesa, sitiroberi, phulusa la mapiri, maluwa a mapulo a shuga komanso malalanje, maapulo, chimanga ndi zina monga tirigu wamkaka, masamba, masamba ndi zipatso mphutsi za ufa, pakati pazinthu zina, kusaka nsikidzi, cicadas, agulugufe, ziwala, mbozi. Nkhuku zimadyetsedwa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono.

Munthawi yachikondi, kuyimba kwamayi opambanawa kumachitika kwambiri. Amazindikira mphamvu zake, natulutsa chifuwa chake, natukula mchira wake wapinki, amawombera mapiko ake natembenukira kumbali yakumanja ndi kumanzere, monga kuti akumva kufunika kofotokozera za chidwi chake pazinthu zabwino za mawu ake. Nthawi ndi nthawi, mbalamezi zimangobwerezabwereza, mbalameyo imangokhala chete osatulutsa mpweya. Tsiku lililonse Kadinala amasangalatsa mkazi amakhala pamazira ndi mayiyo, ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi amakhala akuchita izi modzitama mu kugonana kwake.

Kadinolo wofiira ndi wa mbalame zam'munda, wamphongo samalola ma khadinala ena kulowa gawo lomwe iye amakhala ndikuwachenjeza mokweza kuti malowa atengedwa. Wamkazi amamanga chisa. Chimapangidwa ngati chikho, m'malo mwake ndi makulidwe, chomwe chili pachitsamba kapena pamtengo wotsika. Mazira amakhala ndi mtundu wamtundu wobiriwira kapena wonyezimira wokhala ndi imvi kapena bulauni. Clutch yathunthu ili ndi mazira 3-4. Makulitsidwe amatenga masiku 12 mpaka 13. Yachikazi yokha imadzilowetsa, ndipo yamphongo imamudyetsa ndipo nthawi zina imalowa m'malo mwake. Anapiye amatuluka chisa mwachangu kwambiri, ndipo amphandawo amawadyetsa, ndipo anyamatayo amapitanso kwina. Pali ana 2 - 3 pachaka. Kutalika kwa moyo wa kardinali wofiira m'chilengedwe ndi zaka 10 - 15, ali mu ukapolo - mpaka zaka 28.

Pali magulu ena 19 a makadinolo:
Cardinalis Cardinalis Cardinalis
Cardinalis Cardinalis affinis
Cardinalis Cardinalis canicaudus
Cardinalis Cardinalis carneus
Cardinalis Cardinalis cl Ndi
Cardinalis Cardinalis coccineus
Cardinalis Cardinalis flammiger
Cardinalis Cardinalis floridanus
Cardinalis Cardinalis igneus
Cardinalis Cardinalis littoralis
Cardinalis Cardinalis magnirostris
Cardinalis Cardinalis mariae
Cardinalis Cardinalis phillipsi
Cardinalis Cardinalis saturatus
Cardinalis Cardinalis seftoni
Cardinalis Cardinalis sinaloensis
Cardinalis Cardinalis wapamwamba
Cardinalis Cardinalis mataendi
Cardinalis Cardinalis yucatanicus

Mbalame zamakadinala zimasakidwa ndi mbalame zambiri zodya nyama ku North America, kuphatikiza ziwombankhanga, agalu onse, ma shikeki, ndi mitundu ingapo ya kadzidzi - kadzidzi wautali ndi kadzidzi ndi mtundu waku North America. Kuthamangitsa nkhuku ndi mazira: njoka zachifumu, njoka zonenepa, nthabwala zabuluu, agologolo amtundu, agologolo nkhandwe, chipmunks zaku East America ndi amphaka am'nyumba.

Koma Amwenye achi Cherokee amakhulupirira ngakhale kuti mbalame yamakadinala ndi mwana wamkazi wa Duwa lomwe! Izi zanenedwa ndi nthano yawo.
«Tsiku lililonse, dzuwa linkalowa masana kukaona mwana wake wamkazi. Koma kamodzi pakagwa tsoka - mwana wamkazi wa Dzuwa adamwalira mwadzidzidzi. Koma zinali choncho. Dzuwa linayamba kukhumudwitsa anthu: Amati, samadziona, akundiyang'ana, osandiona. Ndipo Mwezi nthawi yomweyo umakhala nawo: Andiyang'ana, anthu akumwetulira. Nsanje idalowa dzuwa, ndipo idasankha kulanga anthu. Kuyambira tsikulo idayamba kutentha mopanda chisoni - chilala choyipa chidayamba, ambiri adamwalira. Zoyenera kuchita? Tinapita kwa asing'anga kuti tikawalangize. Ndipo adadzipereka kuti aphe dzuwa. Adasanduza anthu awiri kukhala njoka zakuipa ndipo adawatumiza kunyumba ya mwana wamkazi wa Dzuwa. Kumeneko anali oti adzaluma dzuwa. Izi sizinali zotheka kwa anthu-njoka, ndipo tsiku lina, atakwiya, adakwiyitsa mwana wawo wamkazi.
Chisoni choopsa chinagwira Dzuwa, chimabisala kwa aliyense. Kunali mdima wamuyaya, wozizira. Apanso anthu anapita kwa amatsenga. Njira yothetsera vutoli inali yobweza mwana wamkazi wa Dzuwa kuchokera ku Ufumu wa akufa. Wamatsenga adapereka bokosilo kuti amuike pamenepo ndipo adanyamuka, koma anachenjeza: musayitsegule mpaka amoyo adzalowe m'dziko lapansi. Amithenga adalanda mwana wamkazi. Ali m'njira, adakhala ndi moyo ndipo adayamba kupempha kumudyetsa ndikumwa iye - akuti, anali ndi njala pakati pa akufa. Amithenga, pokumbukira malangizo amatsenga, sanatsegule bokosi. Mtsikanayo anapitilizabe kupemphelela, nati, adzafanso. Anthu anamvera chisoni, natsegula chivundikirocho, kuponyera chakudya, koma chivundikirocho chinatsekedwa mwachangu. Iwo adafika ku Dzuwa, natsegula bokosi - ndipo mulibe. Kenako adakumbukira: potsegula chivundikirocho, mbalame yofiira idawoneka pafupi. Anthu anazindikira kuti anali mwa iye kuti mwana wamkazi wa Dzuwa watembenuka. Apanso Dzuwa lidagwidwa ndi chisoni, ndikulira koposa kale, ndipo m'misozi idayamba kusefukira.
Ndi madzi angati omwe adatsuka pomwe anthu amapanga mtendere ndi chowunikira? Ndi mbalame yofiira yokha, yomwe imatengedwa kuti ndi mwana wamkazi wa Dzuwa, tsopano yomwe imakumbukira zochitika izi.».

Mawonekedwe

Kadinolo wofiira ndi mbalame yayikulu-yayikulu. Kutalika - 20-23 masentimita. Wingspan amafika masentimita 25-31. Makadinala achikulire amalemera pafupifupi g.Chimuna ndi chokulirapo pang'ono kuposa chachikazi. Utoto wamphongo ndi wonyezimira, wokhala ndi “chigoba” chakuda kumaso. Yaikazi imakhala yotuwa kwambiri, nthenga zofiirira pamapiko, pachifuwa ndi kumata, yokhala ndi "chigoba" chaching'ono kuposa chachimuna. Mlomo wake ndi wolimba, wopindika. Achinyamata ndi ofanana mtundu wachikulire. Miyendo ndi yakuda bii. Ana athu ndi zofiirira.

Kuswana

Awiriawiri kwa anamwali ophatikizika amapangidwira amoyo ndipo amakhalabe limodzi ngakhale kunja kwa nthawi yakubereka. Kadinolo wofiira ndi wa mbalame zam'munda, wamphongo samalola ma khadinala ena kulowa gawo lomwe iye amakhala ndikuwachenjeza mokweza kuti malowa atengedwa. Wamkazi amamanga chisa. Chimapangidwa ngati chikho, m'malo mwake ndi makulidwe, chomwe chili pachitsamba kapena pamtengo wotsika. Mazira amakhala ndi mtundu wamtundu wobiriwira kapena wonyezimira wokhala ndi imvi kapena bulauni. Clutch yathunthu ili ndi mazira 3-4. Makulitsidwe amatenga masiku 12 mpaka 13. Yachikazi yokha imadzilowetsa, ndipo yamphongo imamudyetsa ndipo nthawi zina imalowa m'malo mwake. Anapiye amatuluka chisa mwachangu kwambiri, ndipo amphandawo amawadyetsa, ndipo anyamatayo amapitanso kwina. Pali ana 2 - 3 pachaka.

Kutalika kwa moyo wa kardinali wofiira m'chilengedwe ndi zaka 10 - 15, ali mu ukapolo - mpaka zaka 28.