Ku East Africa, ziphuphu za coral ndizambiri (pafupifupi mitundu 400 yodziwika). Mitundu yoposa 400 ya echinoderms ndi mitundu 500 ya bryozoans ndiyofala komweko. Zinyanja zam'madzi am'madzi am'madzi am'madzi sizosiyana kwambiri ndi madzi a gombe la Atlantic, ochulukirapo m'dera lotentha lakumadzulo kwa Indian Ocean (mitundu yopitilira 3000 yama gollropod mollus). Mitundu yambiri yamadzi am'madzi abwino kwambiri imapezeka ku nyanja za East Africa.
Nyama zadziko la Africa
Nyengo ya ku Africa, yomwe ili m'malo owala kwambiri komanso owala ndi dzuwa, ndiwothandiza kwambiri kukhala m'magawo osiyanasiyana azamoyo zosiyanasiyana.
Ndiye chifukwa chake nyama za kontinentiyo ndizachuma kwambiri, ndipo za nyama za ku Africa pali nthano zambiri zabwino komanso nkhani zodabwitsa. Ndipo zochitika zaanthu zokha, zomwe sizikhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pakusintha kwachilengedwe, zimathandizira kuti mitundu yambiri ya zolengedwa zitha kuchepa komanso kuchepa kwa chiwerengero chawo, ndikuchita zachilengedwe mosavomerezeka.
Komabe, kuti tisunge mu mawonekedwe ake achilendo anthu aku Africa Posachedwa, malo osungirako zachilengedwe, malo okhala nyama zamtchire, malo osungirako zachilengedwe ndi mayiko adapangidwa, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakopa chidwi cha alendo ambiri ndi mwayi wodziwana ndi nyama zolemera zamtchire ndikuphunzira kwambiri dziko lapansi lapadera komanso lotentha.
Asayansi padziko lonse lapansi akhala akuchita chidwi ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zamtunduwu, zomwe zinali mutu wa maphunziro ambiri asayansi komanso nkhani zambiri zosangalatsa zosangalatsa wa malipoti za Nyama zaku Africa.
Kuyambitsa nkhani yonena za zinyalala za dziko lino, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti kutentha ndi chinyezi m'dera lalikululi pafupi ndi equator zimagawidwa mosiyanasiyana.
Ichi chinali chifukwa chokhazikitsa madera osiyanasiyana a nyengo. Zina mwa izo ndi:
- Mitengo yobiriwira nthawi zonse,
- nkhalango yopanda malire,
- ma savannah ndi madambo akuluakulu, omwe amakhala pafupifupi theka la gawo lonse la kontrakitala.
Zinthu zachilengedwe zotere mosakayikira zimasiya chizindikiro chawo pazosiyanasiyana ndi mawonekedwe apadera azikhalidwe zadziko.
Ndipo madera onse obiriwira omwe atchulidwa, ndipo ngakhale kutentha kwazipululu ndi kosapumira kumadzaza ndi zinthu zamoyo. Nawa ena mwa oyimira odziwika kwambiri a nyama zodalitsika, zotentha, nyama zakutchire za ku Africa.
Mfumu ya zinyama ndiyoyenera kukhala m'modzi mwa zilombo zazikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Malo abwino komanso okondedwa a nyama yapadziko lapansi iyi yokhala ndi mawonekedwe owonda, omwe thupi lake limafika mpaka 227 kg, ndizovala zomwe zimakopa nyama zokondweretsazi komanso malo otseguka, zofunikira ufulu wa kuyendayenda, kupezeka kwa malo okwanira ndi mwayi wabwino wosaka bwino.
Osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana amakhala pano. Nyama zaku Africa - omwe amakonda kupezereredwa. Koma ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mikango ku South Africa, Libya ndi Egypt, zolengedwa zamtendere zokonda komanso zamphamvu zoterezi zimadzichitira chipongwe ndi kuzizunza, ndipo masiku ano zimapezeka ku Central Africa kokha.
Fisi
Nyama yayitali mpaka mita imodzi ndi theka, yomwe imakhala m'mtchire. M'mawonekedwe, nyamazo zimawoneka ngati agalu osokonezeka.
Fisi ndi m'gulu la nyama zomwe zimadya nyama, amadya zowola ndipo amakhala ndi moyo wakhama usiku. Mtundu wa nyama ukhoza kukhala wofiirira kapena wachikasu chakuda ndi mawanga kapena mikwingwirima yopingasa mbali.
Wanjala
Ichi ndi chibale cha mimbulu imvi, yomwe imafanana ndi iwo, koma ochepa. Imakhala makamaka kumpoto kwa Africa, imafalikira madera ambiri, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ankhanira sikuwopsezedwa. Amadya zakudya zamtchire, makamaka osavomerezeka, komanso tizilombo ndi zipatso zosiyanasiyana zimaphatikizidwa muzakudya.
Njovu yodziwika ku Africa ndi nzika ndipo imakhala yaitali makilomita ambiri.
Kutalika kwa izi zofunikira pankhani zachuma, zonse zomwe zimadziwika chifukwa cha chilengedwe chamtendere komanso kukula kwake kwakukulu, nyama zimakhala pafupifupi mamita anayi.
Ndipo unyinji womwe thupi lawo lochititsa chidwi limafikira umakhala pafupifupi matani asanu ndi awiri kapena kupitilira apo. Chodabwitsa, ndi mawonekedwe ake, njovu zimatha kuyenda m'mitengo yaminda yayitali pafupifupi.
Wojambula njovu waku Africa
Matembere oyera
Njovu zazikulu kwambiri pambuyo pa njovu zomwe zimapezeka kumapiri aku Africa. Ili ndi thupi lolemera pafupifupi matani atatu.
Kunena zowona, mtundu wa nyamayi si yoyera kwathunthu, ndipo khungu lake limadalira mtundu wa dera lomwe amakhalamo, ndipo limatha kukhala lamdima, ofiira komanso lopepuka. Nthawi zambiri ndimatha kukumana ndi zitsamba zotumphukira pamitengo yamitengo.
Matembere oyera
Mtundu wakuda
Ichi ndi nyama yamphamvu komanso yayikulu, koma unyinji wake nthawi zambiri umaposa matani awiri. Kudzikongoletsa mosakayika kwa zolengedwa zotere ndi ziwiri, ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala ndi nyanga zitatu kapena zisanu.
Mlomo wapamwamba wa ndulu umakhala ngati bulu ndipo umapendekera pamunsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti masamba azomera za shrubber akhale yabwino kwambiri.
Pachithunzichi pali dzikolo
Chikopa
Ndizachilendo ndi kukongola kwake, kambwe wamkulu wokongola, yemwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka pafupifupi konsekonse, kuphatikizaponso gawo lopanda madzi m'chipululu chotchuka cha Sahara, lomwe litayatsidwa ndi kunyezimira kwa dzuwa lotentha.
Kupaka utoto wakuda wotere Nyama zaku Africa, olusa kwenikweni, ndiwokongola modabwitsa: mawanga akuda ndi omwazikana kwathunthu pazithunzi zachikaso, zonse zolimba komanso zokumbutsa mawonekedwe a mphete.
Cheetah
Oyimira banja la amphaka amakondanso ndi chisomo chachiwawa, koma amasiyana ndi achibale awo m'njira zingapo, okhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi galu wokhala ndi greyhound ndipo, ngati iye, amasinthidwa kuthamanga.
Nthenga zimakonda kukwera mitengo ndipo zimakhala ndi ubweya waifupi, mchira wautali komanso woonda. Amatha kupezeka m'malo otsetsereka ndi zipululu, ndi owopsa osowa, nthawi zambiri amapita kukasaka masana.
Girafi
Nyama, yotchuka chifukwa cha kutalika kwa khosi lake, ndi mtundu wa zolengedwa zam'madzi za artiodactyl. Kutalika kwake kuchokera pansi kumatha kufika pafupifupi 6 metres, komwe kumathandiza kwambiri zolengedwa zamtchire izi kutulutsa masamba ndi zipatso pamitengo yayitali.
Pa kontinenti ya Africa, ndizotheka kukumana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana kwambiri ya mitundu, yomwe akatswiri a sayansi ya zolengedwa zam'mitundu yosiyanasiyana amatha kudziwa. Asayansi amati ngakhale ndizosatheka kupeza nyama zochepa zazitali chonchi ndizomata.
Zebras
Zolengedwa ndizogwirizana ndi masanjidwe a equidae. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbidzi imatha kukhala, m'mapiri, motero m'mapululu ndi m'zipululu.
Amadziwika kulikonse chifukwa cha mtundu wawo wamizeremizere, pomwe mitundu yakuda ndi yoyera imasakanikirana, ndipo munthu aliyense ndi mwini wake. Mtunduwu poyerekeza ndi chilengedwe umasokoneza zilombo komanso umatha kuteteza ku tizilombo toyipitsa.
Buffalo
Nyama zambirimbiri zochititsa chidwi zomwe zili ndi nyanga zazikulu zimayendayenda m'madzi, zomwe zimakhala makamaka kumwera kwa chipululu cha Sahara. Awa ndi otsutsa oopsa kwa adani awo, gulu lomwe limathanso kuukira mikango, koma limadyetsa udzu ndi masamba obzala.
Buffaloes amapikisana mwachangu ndi galimoto, ndipo khungu lakuda la zolengedwa izi limawalola kubisala kuthengo laminga, pomwe sizinyama zonse zomwe zimayesayendayenda.
Njati zaku Africa
Antelope
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zolengedwa zamtunduwu zamtundu wa artiodactyl imakhala ndi kukula mosiyanasiyana ndipo imazika mizu nyengo zosiyanasiyana.
Amakhala ngati chipululu chouma, chopanda chopondera, choyendayenda m'nkhalango komanso m'matanthwe. Ma Antelope ndi abale a ng'ombe ndipo amadya zakudya.
Mbawala
Nyama zokongola za artiodactyl zazing'onoting'ono zazing'ono zokhala ndi nyanga zopyapyala zojambulidwa za antelope subfamily. Ali ndi mtundu wonyezimira kapena wamtambo wonyezimira komanso wamimba loyera, amatha kuthana ndi zopinga zazitali, ndipo kutalika kwa kudumpha kwawo kumatha kukhala pafupifupi mita zisanu ndi ziwiri.
Lemurs
Zolengedwa zokhala ndi ubweya wonyezimira wamitundu yosiyanasiyana kwambiri ndi mchira wautali wonyezimira, amayenera kukhala m'gulu nyama zosangalatsa za ku Africa.
Ali ndi nkhope ya nkhandwe ndi zibwano pazala zonse, ndipo imodzi mwa izo, yotchedwa chimbudzi, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphatikiza ndi kuzikongoletsa. Tsoka ilo, chifukwa chakuchepetsa kwambiri mitundu yambiri ya ma lemurs, adathera ku Red Book.
Mu zithunzi mandimu
Baboon
Zabwino kuchokera ku mtundu wa anyani, wokhala ndi kutalika pafupifupi 75 cm ndi mchira waukulu. Nthawi zambiri, nyama zotere zimakhala zachikaso zachikuda, zomwe zimapezeka m'nkhalango zakumwera ndi kum'mawa kwa Africa, komanso zimapezeka m'malo otseguka a magawo.
Ma Baboon amachitika m'magulu momwe mtsogoleri, monga lamulo, ali woopsa kwambiri kotero kuti amatha kuchita nawo ndewu.
Baboon
Amakhala ku South Africa. Ili ndi phokoso lalitali ngati galu, yokutidwa ndi ubweya wakuda, ili ndi mafangayi owoneka bwino, zibwano zamphamvu, mchira wopindika komanso wowongoka.
Maonekedwe a amuna amakongoletsedwa ndi mane yoyera yayikulu. Adani awo akuluakulu ndi ng'ona, mbidzi, akambuku ndi mikango, zomwe anyani amatha kutulutsa ndi mfuti zawo zakuthwa.
Pachithunzichi pali nyani
Gorilla
Yabwino kwambiri kukhala kutchire m'nkhalango zotentha. Gorilla amaonedwa ngati anthropoids wamkulu kwambiri. Kutalika kwa amuna amuna kumafanana ndi kukula kwa munthu wamtali, nthawi zina amayandikira kukula kwa mamitala awiri, ndipo kulemera kwa matupi awo akuluakulu kumakhala pafupifupi 250 kg.
Koma zazikazi ndizocheperako komanso zopepuka. Mapewa a gorilla ndi otakata, mutu ndi waukulu, mikono ndiyakukulira ndi manja amphamvu, nkhope yake ndi yakuda.
Chimpanzee
Nyani wokhala ndi humanoid, wodziwika m'dera lonselo, amapezeka kumapiri ndi m'nkhalango zamvula zotentha. Kutalika kwa thupi pafupifupi mita imodzi ndi theka. Manja awo ndiotalikira kuposa miyendo yawo, makutu awo ali pafupifupi aumunthu, tsitsi lawo ndi lakuda, khungu lawo lotupa.
Nyani wa chimpanzee
Nyani
Ndi za asayansi ndi anyani apamwamba ndipo ali ndi kukula kochepa. Mitundu ina ya anyani ali ndi mchira, koma itha kukhalapo. Chovala chawo ndi chachitali komanso chosalala. Mtundu wa ubweya ndiwosiyana: kuchokera pa zoyera-zachikaso ndi zobiriwira, mpaka pamdima. Nyani amatha kukhala m'nkhalango, m'malo otetezeka, komanso m'mapiri ndi m'matanthwe.
Okapi
Zinyama zazikulu za artiodactyl zokwanira 250 kg. Okapi ndi achibale a twiga, ndi Nyama Zaku Africa ndipo idyani zipatso, masamba ndi mphukira zamitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imakulitsa chilengedwe chamalo otentha.
Iwo adapezeka zaka zoposa zana zapitazo ndi woyenda wotchuka Stanley mumnkhalango yamwali pafupi ndi Mtsinje wa Congo. Khosi la nyama izi, mosiyana ndi miliri, ndizofanana kutalika kwake. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi makutu akuluakulu, odabwitsa m'maso awo owoneka bwino komanso mchira wokhala ndi ngayaye.
Nyama okapi
Duiker
Nyamayo ndi ya gulu la anyani. Izi ndi zolengedwa zazing'onoting'ono kwambiri, nthawi zambiri zimakhala m'matondo ovuta kufikako. Oyendetsa masewera amakhala osamala komanso amanyazi.
Ndipo dzina lawo pakutanthauzira limatanthawuza "kusiyanasiyana". Nyama zidapeza dzina lotere chifukwa chakutha kuthawa pachifuwa cha matupi osiyanasiyana amadzi, kuthawa ndi liwiro la mphezi, zimasowanso mwachangu kulowa m'nkhalango kapena m'nkhalango.
Wotsogolera wa Antelope
Mamba
Ziweto zowopsa zam'madzi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapezeka m'mitsinje yambiri ku Africa. Izi ndi nyama zakale kwambiri mwakuti zimawerengedwa kuti ndi abale a dinosaurs, zomwe zidatalikirana kuchokera pa dziko lathuli. Kusintha kwa zolengedwa zoterezi zomwe zimasinthidwa kukhala moyo wamadzi am'malo otentha komanso otentha kwambiri zimakhala mamiliyoni a zaka mazana ambiri.
Pakadali pano, zolengedwa zotere sizinasinthe kwambiri, zomwe zikufotokozedwa ndi malo okhala komwe nyengo ndi nyengo zakhala zikusintha pang'ono pazaka zazikulu zapitazi. Mamba ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi buluzi ndipo amatchuka chifukwa cha mphamvu ya mano awo.
Mvuu
Nyamazi zimatchedwanso mvuu, amenenso ali dzina lodziwika bwino. Mpaka pano, nthumwi za banja lokhala ndi ziboda, chifukwa chakunyumba, zimangokhala kumadera akum'mawa komanso pakati papakati pa Africa., Ndipo ambiri aiwo amatha kuwonedwa m'mapaki adziko. Maonekedwe awo amadziwika ndi thupi lalikulu komanso miyendo yayifupi.
Mvuu ya Pygmy
Imasiyana ndi mvuu yokhazikika makamaka kukula kwake ndipo imakhala ndi kukula kwa mita imodzi ndi theka kapena kupitirira apo. Khosi la nyama ndi lalitali, miyendo yake ndi yosagwirizana ndi mutu wocheperako.
Khungu limakhala lakuda kwambiri ndipo limakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira kapena wakuda. Mvuu yopanda kanthu imakhala m'malo osungirako pang'onopang'ono, ndipo zolengedwa zofananazo zimapezeka m'nkhalango zamitengo yotentha.
Pacithunzi-thunzi, mvuu yochepa
Marabu
Pamtunda wokhala ndi marabou amadziwika kuti ndi waukulu kwambiri, mpaka kutalika kwa mita imodzi ndi theka. Mutu ulibe nthenga, mulomo wamphamvu kwambiri, wopumula pamtendere pakhosi, yokutidwa ndi nthenga ndikuyimira mtundu wa pilo. Mbiri yonse ya mankhwalawo ndi yoyera, kumbuyo kokha, mchira ndi mapiko ake ndi amdima.
Mbalame ya Marabou
Nyenyezi
Mbalameyi ndi yayikulu kwambiri pakati pa ufumu wokhala ndi utoto wa pulaneti lalikulu. Kutalika kwa maonekedwe owoneka bwino kumafika mpaka masentimita 270. M'mbuyomu, zolengedwa izi zimapezeka kudera la Arabia ndi Syria, koma tsopano zimapezeka kokha mu kukula kwa Africa.
Amadziwika kwambiri chifukwa cha makosi awo aatali ndipo amatha kukhala othamanga kwambiri ngati zingachitike ngozi. Nthiwatiwa yolusa imatha kupsa mtima pomadziteteza komanso pamalo osangalatsa ndi owopsa ngakhale kwa anthu.
Nthiwatiwa za ku Africa ndiye nthumwi zazikulu kwambiri za mbalame
Flamingo
Mbalame yokongola iyi ndi wachibale wa agulugufe. Zolengedwa zokongola zofananazo zimapezeka kumadzi a nyanja zazing'ono zamchere ndi kumapeto. Hafu ya zaka zana zapitazo, ma flamesos anali ochulukirapo, koma patapita nthawi, anthu okhala ndi nthenga zapinki zowoneka bwino kwambiri adawonongeka.
Ibis ndi abale a agulu, komanso mbalamezi zimadziwika chifukwa zimalemekezedwa kwambiri ku Egypt. Ali ndi kukula kochepa thupi, owonda, owonda komanso miyendo yayitali yokhala ndi ziwalo zosambira, kofunika kwambiri kwa mbalame, amakhala nthawi yayitali m'madzi. Khosi lawo ndilabwino komanso lalitali, ndipo utoto wamafuta ungakhale woyera-ngati chipale, ofiira owala kwambiri kapena otuwa.
Chithunzi chojambulidwa
Vuni
Mbalame zodya izi zimakonda kudya zovalazo. Ma tchuthi ndi ang'ono kukula, ali ndi mlomo wofooka komanso wowonda, wokhala ndi buluku lalitali kumapeto.
Osasiyanitsidwa ndi mphamvu yayikulu, mbalamezi zidatchuka chifukwa cha luso lawo, chitsanzo chimodzi chomwe chinali luso lawo logawaniza mazira a nthiwatiwa ndi zinthu zakuthwa.
Mbalame yamtchire
Ziwawa
Ku kontinenti ya Africa kuno kuli mitundu yambiri ya akamba amitundu yayitali ndi mitundu. Amakhala m'madzi amitsinje, mitsinje ndi dambo, amadyedwa ndi nsomba zam'madzi ndi nsomba.
Zina mwazirombo izi ndizodabwitsa kwambiri, zopatsa chidwi, zazitali kutalika mpaka mita imodzi ndi theka ndikulemera 250 kg. Akamba amtundu wautali wodziwika bwino, ambiri a iwo amakhala zaka zopitilira 200.
Python
Ndi imodzi mwazikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndipo imagwirizana ndi boas ndi anacondas. Kutalika kwa ma python ena kumafika mita 6. Utoto wawo umatha kukhala wa mithunzi yosiyanasiyana, yowoneka bwino komanso yoyenda modabwitsa.
Ndizosangalatsa kuti njoka zooneka bwino komanso zazikulu njoka zam'mimba sizili ndi poizoni, koma zimatha kumangiriza wolimbayo ndi mphamvu ya minofu.
Python imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazikuluzikulu kwambiri.
Gyurza
Mosiyana ndi python, ndi poizoni wakupha. Ku kontinenti ya Africa, gyurza amakhala makamaka pagombe lakumpoto. Zodzala ndi zazikulu kwambiri, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazitali kuposa mita. Mitu yawo imakhala yopindika patatu ndipo imakhala ndi mtundu wa monochromatic, kumbuyo kumakhala kofiirira kapena imvi, kutengera mawonekedwe ndi mawanga kumatha.
Gyurza ndi imodzi mwa njoka zapoizoni kwambiri
Chifukwa chiyani Africa imatchedwa choncho?
Kontinenti, yomwe idatchedwa ndi Greek Greek kuchokera ku liwu loti aprica, lomwe limatanthawuza "dzuwa", kapena kuchokera ku Greek aphrike, kutanthauza "popanda kuzizira", lagawidwa pafupifupi theka ndi equator, ngati timalankhula za kutalika. Koma chifukwa cha "bulge" ya Africa kumpoto kwake, gawo lalikulu likadali kumpoto kwa equator.
Fauna waku Africa
Nyama za ku Africa, pakutanthauza mawu, ndi nyama zonse zomwe zimakhala m'chigawo cha kontinenti, zilumba komanso m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Chovala chodziwika bwino kwambiri ku Africa chimapezeka kudera lachilengedwe. Dera ili limapezeka kwathunthu kumalo otentha, motero zimapangitsa malo abwino kukhala wachilengedwe.
Kodi nyama zidawoneka bwanji ku Africa?
Zoyambilira zoyambirira za kupangidwa kwa nyama ku Africa ndi zakale kwambiri zomwe zakhalapo padziko lapansi. Koma ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti mapangidwe a chilengedwe mwanjira yomwe tikuziwona tsopano, pafupifupi amatanthauza nthawi yomwe kugawikana kwa Gondwan kwapamwamba kunthawi ya Mesozoic kwapakati.
Kapangidwe ka nyama zoyambazi kunali makamaka chifukwa chosamukira kwanyama pakati pa nyama zakale za Mulunguwana - Madagaska, South America komanso, India. Koma mtsinje waukulu kwambiri umapita ndi kuchokera ku Laurasia. Ngati tizingolankhula za ma kontrakitala a Godwana, ndiye kuti kusunthaku kudachitika makamaka mosagwirizana - kuchokera ku Africa, pomwe kusinthana ndi Laurasia kunali kochuluka komanso kotsatsa, ngakhale makamaka kuchokera ku Laurasia kupita ku Africa.
Gondwana Supercontinent
Kusinthana koyamba kwa fao Neogene kudachitika ku Middle Miocene. Kusinthanitsa kwakukulu kwa nyama zapadziko lapansi pakati pa North Africa ndi Europe kunayamba pafupifupi zaka 6.1 miliyoni zapitazo, pafupifupi zaka miliyoni miliyoni miliyoni zisanachitike mchere wa Messina.
Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yasayansi, Africa imakutidwa ndi nkhalango yayikulu yobiriwira yomwe ili ndi mitengo yopanda mitengo ya m'nkhalango zomwe zimakhala ndi mitundu yambiri yam'mwera kwa Asia. Ku Pliocene, nyengo idagwa, ndipo yambiri nkhalango idawonongeka, nyama zam m'nkhalango zidathawira kuzilumba zotsalira za nkhalango.
Nthawi yomweyo, mlatho wamtunda waukulu wolumikizana ndi Africa kupita ku Asia ndipo kunali nyama zambiri zotsogola ku Africa. Kumayambiriro kwa Pleistocene, nyengo yonyowa idayamba, ndipo nkhalango yambiri idabwezeretseka, pomwe ziphalaphala za savannah zidagawika komanso ndizochepa malo, monga kale kudalipo nkhalango. Kudzipatula kwathunthu kwa Africa ku zigawo zina kunapangitsa kuti mitundu yambiri yazipinda zingapo zoyandikana.
Amayi
Africa yasungira mitundu 1,100 ya zinyama zam'madzi mmaiko ake. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha makoswe chimakhala padzikoli. Mitundu 64 ya anyaniwa amakhala kuno, mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ya mitundu yopanda zinyama ndi ma bovid. Uwu ndi ufumu weniweni wa nyama, womwe kwa zaka zambiri wakopa okonda masewera kuchokera padziko lonse lapansi omwe akufuna kupikisana ndi mphamvu zachilengedwe.
Mkango ndi "mfumu ya nyama zonse." Felemu lalikulu, lotalika masentimita 208, ndi kulemera kwa kilogalamu 170. Akazi sakhala ocheperako pang'ono - mpaka 184 masentimita ndi 138 kilogalamu.
Mkango ndi wamisempha, yokhala ndi chifuwa chakuya komanso mutu wamfupi wozungulira, khosi lochepetsedwa komanso makutu ozungulira. Ubweya wake umakhala wamtundu wina kuchokera ku bulawuni wowala kupita ku siliva imvi, utoto wachikasu ndi bulauni. Mitundu ya zigawo zam'munsi nthawi zambiri imakhala yopepuka. Mkango wobadwa kumene umakhala ndi mawanga amdima omwe amasowa mwana akamakula, ngakhale mawanga ofooka nthawi zambiri amatha kuwoneka pamiyendo ndi mbali zotsikira za thupi.
Leo ndi yekhayo membala wa gulu la amphaka, momwe amuna ndi akazi akulu kwambiri. Amuna ali ndi mitu yonse komanso mawonekedwe owoneka bwino omwe amakula pansi ndi kumbuyo, kuphimba mutu kwambiri, khosi, mapewa ndi chifuwa. Minjeru nthawi zambiri imakhala yofiirira pakukhudza tsitsi lachikasu, lotupa komanso lakuda
Rhinoceros
Mamembala am'banja la rhinoceros ndi ena mwa oimira otsalira kwambiri a fauna, ndipo mitundu yonse imafikira kapena kupitirira kulemera imodzi. Ndi ma herbivores, ali ndi ubongo wawung'ono kukula kwawo (400-600 g), nyanga imodzi kapena ziwiri ndi khungu lozama (1.5-5 cm) lotetezedwa kuchokera ku zigawo za collagen zomwe zimakhala ndi latisi.
Nthawi zambiri, amadya masamba, ngakhale mphamvu yake yopesa chakudya m'matumbo imawalola kuti azitha kudya michere yambiri ngati kuli koyenera. Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina yosagwiritsidwa ntchito, mitundu iwiri yakubino wa ku Africa ilibe mano kutsogolo, m'malo mwake amadalira milomo yawo kuti agwire chakudya.
Rhinos imakonda kugwidwa ndi anthu osaka omwe amasaka nyanga zawo - angagulitsidwe ndalama zazikulu pamsika wakuda. Zikhalidwe zina agwiritsa ntchito kwambiri nyanga pofuna mankhwala, komanso kupanga miyala yamtengo wapatali.
Mbidzi
Zebras ndi mitundu ingapo ya nyama zokomera ku Africa (banja la akavalo), zophatikizidwa ndi ubweya wakuda ndi loyera. Mikwingwirima yawo imabwera m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mtundu wa aliyense ndi wapadera, monga, mwachitsanzo, zala za zala za anthu. Monga lamulo, awa ndi nyama zachikhalidwe zomwe zimakhala kuchokera zazing'ono zazikazi mpaka zazikazi zazikulu. Mosiyana ndi abale awo apamtima, akavalo ndi abulu, mbidzi sizinakhaleko.
Mikwingwirima yapadera tsopano ndi chizindikiro cha mbidzi, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala amodzi mwa mitundu yodziwika kwambiri yazinyama. Mahatchi amizeremizere amakhala m'malo ambiri - kuyambira ma mayadan ndi savannah kupita ku nkhalango ndi mapiri. Zina zosiyanasiyana za anthropogenic zakhudza kwambiri kuchuluka kwa mbidzi, makamaka pakhungu ndi kuwononga malo.
Tizilombo
Pafupifupi mitundu 100,000 ya tizilombo timapezeka ku sub-Saharan Africa. Zikuyerekezeredwa kuti tizilombo ta ku Africa timapanga pafupifupi 10-20% ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tizilombo padziko lapansi.
M'madera otentha kwambiri, udzudzu wa malungo ndi tsetse zimawuluka, ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda ogona ndi zina za trypanosomiasis za anthu, nyama zakuthengo komanso zoweta.
Gulu la tizilombo lomwe lili ku Africa Mantophasmatodea.
Nyama zodyedwa
Woimira wodziwika komanso wowopsa wa ufumu wa nyama ku Africa ndi mkango. Kumpoto ndi kumwera kwa kondinendi, mikango idawonongedwa, motero unyinji wa nyama izi umangokhala ku Central Africa kokha. Amakhala mu savannah, pafupi ndi matupi amadzi osati okha kapena awiri, komanso m'magulu - prides (1 wamwamuna ndi wamkazi pafupifupi 8).
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Mkango waku Africa
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Mitundu iwiri ya ma rhinoceros amapezeka ku Africa - yakuda ndi yoyera. Kwa iwo, malo okhalamo abwino ndi nkhono zam'madzi, koma amatha kupezeka m'nkhalango zowirira kapena mapiri. Ambiri awo ali m'mapaki ambiri amtundu.
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Matembere oyera
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Mtundu wakuda
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Pakati pa nyama zina zazikulu m'matanthwe kapena m'nkhalango zimapezeka njovu zaku Africa. Amakhala m khola, ali ndi mtsogoleri, amakhala ochezeka wina ndi mnzake, amateteza achichepere mwachangu. Amatha kuzindikira wina ndi mnzake ndipo amakhala nthawi zonse akusamukira. Mitundu ya njovu imatha kuwoneka m'mapaki a ku Africa.
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Banja la njovu zaku Africa
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Kulikonse kupatula m'chipululu cha Sahara, nyalugwe zimakhala. Zimapezeka m'nkhalango ndi m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, m'matanthwe, pamapiri ndi kumapiri. Woimira banja la amphaka amasaka bwino, pansi komanso pamitengo. Komabe, anthu eni ake amasaka nyalugwe, zomwe zimatsogolera kuchotsedwa kwawo kwakukulu.
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Aardvark (nkhumba zadothi)
Aardvark ndi anardvark wa ku Africa - aka Cape aardvark ndi nyama yaing'onoting'ono yomwe imafanana ndi nkhumba yokhala ndi mbewa yayitali, makutu a hare ndi mchira wa kangaroo. Kutalika kwa aardvark wamkulu ndi pafupifupi masentimita 60, kutalika kwa thupi kumasiyana kuchokera pa 100 mpaka 158 cm, ndipo kulemera kwake sikuposa 100 kg.
Aardvark ndiye woimira yekha mpaka pano pa aardvark. Komanso, masiku ano chilombochi chimatha kupezeka ku Africa kumwera kwa chipululu cha Sahara.
Nsomba
Africa ochokera kuma kontrakitala onse ndi olemera mu nsomba zam'madzi zatsopano (pafupifupi mitundu 3,000). Madzi a ku East Africa (Victoria, Malawi ndi Tanganyika) ndiye likulu la mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsomba zamadzi oyera.
Kusiyana kwakukulu kwa nsomba zam'madzi kumawonedwa m'madzi am'nyanja ya Indian Ocean (pafupifupi mitundu 2000).
Pafupi ndi gombe lakummawa ndi kumwera kwa Africa, amodzi amtundu wamadzi ndi madzi ndiofala - voda i voda.
Nyama zosadziwika za ku Africa
Pali nyama zambiri zachilendo ku Africa. Zina mwa izo zimatha kutchedwa kuti lemurs - nyani wooneka ngati ulusi. Amakhala ku Madagascar komanso zilumba zina zoyandikana nayo.
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Lemur
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Kudera lakunyumba lonselo kuli okapi, membala wa banja la gira. Amakhala ku Congo Valley ndipo lero ndi nyama zosaphunzira.
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Okapi kuthengo
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Mmodzi mwa oimirira kwambiri ku zilumba za ku Africa ndi twiza, nyama yayitali kwambiri. Tizilombo tosiyanasiyana tili ndi utoto umodzi, choncho palibe nyama ziwiri zofanana. Mutha kukumana nawo munkhalango ndi malo obisika, ndipo amakhala makamaka azitsamba.
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Girafi waku Africa
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Nyama zochititsa chidwi ndi mbidzi, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi mitundu yamahatchi. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha mbidzi chinawonongedwa ndi anthu, ndipo tsopano zimangokhala kum'mawa ndi kum'mwera kwa Africa. Zimapezeka mzipululu, komanso pachidikha, komanso m'misasa.
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Zebras
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Pakati pa anyani ku Africa kuno kuli mitundu yosiyanasiyana: anyani, chimpanzi ndi agogo. Amakhala kumwera ndi kum'mawa kwa Africa, ndipo amapezeka m'nkhalango komanso m'zigwa.
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Chithunzi cha nyani
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Dzala Ladzala
Ichi ndi nyama yaying'ono yofanana ndi mole, yomwe kutalika kwa thupi lake imasiyana 3 mpaka 4.5 cm popanda mchira. Kulemera kwa nyamayi pafupifupi 1 - 1.5 magalamu. Malingaliro amakhala osangalatsa. Ndizosangalatsa, koma zimadya tizilombo, mphutsi, ndi nyongolotsi. Atha kuwukira zazikazi zazing'ono, monga abuluzi, achule, kapena makoswe. Amakhala ndi pafupifupi chaka chimodzi ndi theka mpaka zaka zitatu.
Nyama imatha kupezeka ku North Africa, komanso ku Southern Europe, Central Asia.
Zomera zam'mera zowononga ndi imodzi mwazinyama zokometsetsa kwambiri padziko lapansi. Amayenera kusaka maola awiri aliwonse, mwina atha kufera kutopa.
Mkango - mfumu ya nyama
Iye moyenerera ndi m'gulu la zilombo zazikuluzikulu kumtunda. Kuchuluka kwa thupi lake kumafika makilogalamu 230. Kulemera kumeneku kumakupatsani mwayi kuti mumenye ng'ombe yamphongo nthawi yayikulu 2-3 kuposa iye. Amakhala m'malo omwe muli dziwe komanso malo otseguka a ufulu woyenda. Mikango imakhala m'mabanja.
Chingwe cholimba komanso chopatsa chidwi ndi chizindikiro cha amuna. Nyama ikakula, imakhala yakukula komanso imakata. Kusaka kumachitika m'matumba. Nthawi zambiri, akazi amapita kukalipira.
Njati zaku Africa
Pagawo lalikulu, pali mtundu umodzi wokha wa njati - njati ya ku Africa. Nyamazi ndizowopsa kwa anthu, chifukwa zimapha anthu opitilira 200 chaka chilichonse. Mitunduyi imadziwika kuti ndi yayikulu kwambiri pakati pa ng'ombe zamoyo. Kulemera kwa akuluakulu kumasiyana pakati pa 700-1000 kg, ndipo kutalika kwa thupi kumayambira 300 kufika 340 cm. Kutalika kwa kufota kumayambira pa 150 mpaka 180 cm.Digorphism imatchulidwa, amuna ndi akulu kuposa akazi. Amuna ndi akazi amakhala ndi nyanga zazikulu komanso zamkati zopindika, koma mwa akazi ndi zazifupi komanso zowonda. Buffalos ndi nyama zopatsa thanzi ndipo amadya 2% ya thupi patsiku.
African savannah hare
Mbali ya African savannah hare ndi chinyama chachikulu komanso cham'madzi, chimakula kutalika kuyambira 41 mpaka 58 cm, ndi kulemera kwa thupi 1.5 1.5 kg. Makutu ndi aatali, akuda pamapikisano. Mtundu wa tsitsi lakumutu ndi thupi ndi lofiirira, mbali ndi miyendo yake zimakhala zofiirira, ndipo m'mimba mwayera. Mchirawo ndi wakuda pamtunda ndi zoyera pansi. Mtunduwu umakhala m'ma savannas odanda Africa konse. Khola ndi nyama yokhayokha yomwe imayenda usiku ndikukhalanso ndi udzu.
Njovu ya ku Africa
Njovu za ku Africa ndi mtundu wa nyama yochokera ku banja la njovu, zomwe masiku ano zimadziwika kuti ndizinyama zazikulu kwambiri. Pali mitundu iwiri: savannah ndi nkhalango. Sevannah ndi yokulirapo (pafupifupi 7500 kg) ndipo matako ake amatembenukira kunja, pomwe nkhalango imodzi (yolemera pafupifupi makilogalamu 5000) imakhala ndi mtundu wakuda, ndipo nsonga zake zimakhala zowongoka ndikuwongoleredwa pansi.
Njovu zimatha kukhala kulikonse komwe kumakhala chakudya chochuluka ndi madzi. Kuchulukana kumwazikana mu Africa konse kuchokera kumwera kwa Sahara kufikira nkhalango zamvula za Central ndi West Africa.
Fox Big Ex
Amakhala m'malo owuma komanso zipululu za East ndi South Africa, komwe chakudya chake chimakhala chofala - malovu ndi kafadala.
Nkhandwe yayikulu imakhala ndi makutu akuluakulu mosiyanasiyana mogwirizana ndi kukula kwa mutu. Mtundu wa chovalachi nthawi zambiri umakhala wachikasu, wokhala ndi khosi komanso m'mimba. Malangizo a makutu, ma tchire ndi mchira wakuda. Miyendo ndi yochepa.
Bongo
Ma antelopes a Bongo amatha kupezeka m'nkhalango zokhazokha zokhazokha za ku Africa. Makamaka, amapezeka m'nkhalango zotentha za West Africa komanso ku Congo Basin, komanso ku Central African Republic ndi South Sudan.
Bongos ndi zazikulu komanso zolemera nkhalango. Ali ndi tsitsi lofiirira lakuda kapena lachifuwa lokhala ndi mikwingirima yoyera yotsika ndi 10 yomwe imatsikira mbali. Zachikazi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zowala kuposa zazimuna. Amuna onse awiriwa ali ndi nyanga zozungulira. Makutu akuluakulu amakhulupirira kuti amakulitsa kumva, ndipo mtundu wodzilekanawo umathandizira kuti nyama zizidziwirana mdera linalake lamdima. Alibe zotengera zapadera zotsekera, chifukwa chake zochepa kuposa antelope ena amadalira fungo kuti apezane.
Zotulutsa
Zinyama zamtundu wa ku Africa ndizachuma komanso zosiyanasiyana.
Kwa abuluzi, ma skeni, michira yodzimanga, abuluzi enieni, agamas, abuluzi (buluzi wa imvi ndi mitundu ya subgenus) ndizofala. Polydaedalus) Pakatikati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma chameleon ndi ku Madagascar.
Njoka ku Africa zilinso ndi mitundu yambiri ya mitundu isanu, yomwe ma cobras, mambas, pythons, ndi njoka zaku Africa ndizodziwika kwambiri.
Galu wagalu
Hyenoid kapena galu wamtchire waku Africa - nyama yomwe imadya kuchokera ku banja la canine. Maonekedwe ake amafanana ndi fisi, komabe, m'bale wake wapamtima ndi nkhandwe yofiira. Agalu a Hyenoid amapezeka m'zigawo zouma zouma za Africa. Amathanso kupezeka m'malo a nkhalango komanso malo okhala m'mapiri momwe amadyera.
Galu wamtchire waku Africa nthawi zina amatchedwa galu wokasaka. Ali ndi chovala chowoneka bwino, makutu akulu, komanso mchira wofiyira wokhala ndi nsonga yoyera. Palibe agalu ena amtchire omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana, opangitsa kuti azizindikirika.
Anthu okhala m'mitsinje ndi nyanja
Endoma ya ku Africa ndi ng'ona yopapatiza. Kuphatikiza pa izo, pali ng'ona zokhala ndi mabatani komanso mitsinje ya Nailo m'malo osungira. Izi ndi zilombo zowopsa zomwe zimadyera nyama m'madzi ndi kumtunda. M'malo osiyana siyana a kontinenti amakhala mabanja a mvuu. Amatha kuwoneka m'mapaki osiyanasiyana amtundu.
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Chifukwa chake, Africa ili ndi nyama zamtchire zolemera. Apa mutha kupeza tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tambiri, mbalame za m'mlengalenga, mbalame ndi makoswe, komanso zilombo zazikulu kwambiri.Magawo osiyanasiyana achilengedwe amakhala ndi unyolo wawo wawo, wopangidwa mwa mitundu yomwe imasinthidwa kuti ikhale ndi moyo m'malo ena. Wina atapezeka kuti ali ku Africa, ndiye kuti wayendera malo ambiri osungirako malo ndi malo ambiri, utha kuwona nyama zambiri kuthengo.
Mamba yakuda
Njoka yoopsayi imakhala kumwera kwa Africa. Dzinalo la nyamayo inali chifukwa cha mtundu wakuda mkamwa. Poizoni yemwe amakhala m'mavuto ake amatuluka mano (6.5 mm). Imakhala m'makola ndi m'maenje a mitengo. Akafuna kuyenda padzuwa, adzakwera pamwamba pa mitengo.
Imasaka makoswe ang'ono, mbalame. Mtsikanayo akangowonekera m'munda wake wamasomphenya, mamba amagwa mwadzidzidzi ndikuluma. Pambuyo kunyamula nyama. Wovutikayo akumeza lonse, pambuyo pake njira yotseguka bwino imagaya pansi pakatha masiku awiri.
Chule wa tsitsi
Dzinalo la nyamayo lidabwera chifukwa cha ubweya wotsatira, womwe umathandizira njira yosinthira mafuta. Ndi mtundu wa kupuma kwamthupi. Amakhala m'malo ozizira pafupi ndi dziwe. Amadyetsa akangaude, tating'ono ndi nkhono. Nyama ikagwidwa ndi lilime lake lomata komanso lalitali kwambiri.
Bouncer
Yokhudza banja la osateteza. Nyama yaying'onoyi imatha kupezeka ku Africa yonse. Alumpha amtundu wotchedwa othamanga kwambiri pakati pa zolengedwa zina zazing'ono. Kuthamanga kwa mayendedwe awo ndi 29 km / h. Amakhala m'mabanja okwatirana okha kapena amakhala okha. Zakudya zamafuta ndizomwe zimayambitsa ma invertebrates ang'onoang'ono. Itha kukhala akangaude, chiswe, milili, nyerere. Oyimira ena safuna kumwa.
Aardvark
Woimira Africa uyu adalandira dzina chifukwa cha mano osaboweka, omwe amafanana ndi machubu ndipo amakula moyo wonse. Kutalika kwa thupi masentimita 50, kulemera 65 makilogalamu. Khungu loyipa ndi bristles. Chizindikiro chili ngati nkhumba, yodalirana ndi lilime lonamatira. Makutu ali ngati kalulu, ndipo mchirawo umakhala ngati kangaroo.
Amadyetsa nyerere ndi chiswe. Kuti muchite izi, samangofunika kupeza, komanso kuwononga nyumba zawo chifukwa cha nsapato zazitali komanso zowala. Aardvark amatha kudya mpaka 50,000 tizilombo pachimodzimodzi. Ku Africa, amapezeka makamaka Kummwera.
Galago
Mapulogalamu ali ponseponse kumtunda. Awa ndi anthu achilendo achilendo aku Africa omwe amakhala munkhalango ndi m'mapiri. Thupi limafika kutalika kwa 20 cm, mchira mpaka 30 cm, nyama zolemera 250 mpaka 300. Zimakhala pamitengo, makamaka popanda kupanga banja. Iwo samatsikira pansi. Amadyanso tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndikumwa madzi a mitengo. Izi zozizwitsa zodabwitsa zimatha kudumpha kwanthawi yayitali. Amalumikizana wina ndi mzake ndi mawu osiyanasiyana omwe amatha kuwonetsa zoopsa, chiwopsezo kapena ingokhala cenjezo.
Gerenuk
Woimira antelope waku Africa. Mbawala ya mbawala (dzina lachiwiri) imakhala kum'mawa kwa Africa. Amakhala ovuta kusokoneza anthambo, chifukwa cha khosi lawo komanso miyendo. Nyama sizikhala ndi moyo wakhama osati masana, komanso usiku. Amadyera achinyamata mphukira ndi masamba. Kwa nthawi yayitali simufunika kumwa. Kutalika kwa thupi mpaka 160 cm, ndi kutalika 95 cm, kulemera kuchokera 30 mpaka 45 kg.
Chameleon
Buluzi wokongolali amadziwika kuti amatha kubisa luso lotha kusintha khungu. Pamkamwa pakamwa, amakhala ndi lilime lalitali komanso lomata, mothandizidwa ndi lomwe amatulutsa chakudya chake. Chochititsa chidwi ndi maso, omwe amasuntha pawokha. Madzi am'madzi ku Africa amapezeka paliponse (nkhalango zamvula, zipululu, mapiri). Oyimira ambiri amakhala pamitengo, koma pali mitundu yomwe imakhala pamtunda masamba owuma.
Mphaka Wamtundu wa Dune (Mphaka Wamchenga)
Mphaka wamchenga ndiye woimira ang'ono kwambiri pakati pa amphaka amtchire. Kutalika kwake kumasiyana kuchokera pa 65 mpaka 90 cm, pomwe 40% ndiye mchira. Kutalika kwa mphaka wa dune ndi 24-30 cm, ndipo kulemera kwa 2.1 ndi 3.4 kg.
Mphaka wamchenga amakhala m'malo otentha okhaokha. Ku Africa, ikhoza kupezeka ku Sahara m'maiko a Algeria, Morocco, Chad ndi Niger.
Mbalame
Ku Africa, mbalame zambiri zimakhala (mitundu yopitilira 2500, yomwe 114 yake ili pangozi). Oimira otchuka kwambiri ndi azithunzithunzi, mbalame za mlembi, nthiwatiwa zaku Africa. Kuphatikiza apo, mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe (mwachitsanzo, Jaco), turaco, mbalame, agogo, nthumwi (nthumwi yekhayo ndi penguin wochititsa chidwi) ndi unyinji wamitundu yopitayo (pafupifupi mitundu ya 1,500) imakhala ku Africa.
Canna
Canna ndiye mtundu waukulu kwambiri wa antelope. Komabe, iye ndi wolimba kwambiri, amatha kuthamanga kwambiri ndikudumphira kutalika kwa mamilimita 2.5. Amuna ndi akazi amakhala ndi nyanga zopindika m'munsi, ngakhale mwa akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala wautali komanso wocheperako. Mtundu wa malaya umasiyana ndi mtundu wachikaso kutuwa kapena mtundu wa imvi ndipo zimatengera msinkhu wa nyama - ma anelopu akale ndi pafupifupi akuda. Pachifuwa ndi pamphumi zazimuna pali gulu la tsitsi lomwe limakula ndikukula pamene nyama ikukula. Cannes amakhala kumapiri, zipululu, nkhalango komanso madambo.
Feline
Banja la amphaka limaphatikizapo mabanja achichepere: amphaka akulu ndi ang'ono, oyimira omwe amakhala ku Africa.
Kuchokera pagulu la amphaka akuluakulu padziko lonse lapansi, pali mikango ndi nyalugwe, ndipo amphaka ang'ono ndi awa: cheetah, caracal, sandune, mphaka wamtambo wakuda, mphaka wamtchire, mphaka wamtchire ndi golide.
Udzudzu wa Malungo
Udzudzu wa Malungo ndi tizilombo toopsa tomwe timadya magazi. Amayikira mazira pamalo osungira ndi osasunga madzi osasamba. Udzudzu mamiliyoni ambiri ukabisala kuchokera ku gwero limodzi lokha. Komabe, choopsa choopsa kuchokera kwa tizilombo ndi matenda omwe amapatsira magazi. Matenda oopsa kwambiri omwe amadziwika ndi malungo, omwe mamiliyoni a anthu amafa chaka chilichonse.
Dorilus nyerere
Nyerere za Dorilus zimatha kusonkhana m'maderamo, ndi anthu opitilira 20 miliyoni. Chakudya chikaperewera, amakafufuza pagulu lalikulu, liwiro la 20 m / h. Pamalo ena okhala anthu, ndizopindulitsa (mwakuwonongera tizirombo tina tonse tili m'njira, kuchokera ku tizilombo kupita makoswe akuluakulu), koma kwa ena ndizovulaza. Kuluma kumakhala kowawa kwambiri, kuthana ndi nyerere kumakhala kovuta, chifukwa ali ndi nsagwada zamphamvu.
Chilombo ichi ndi chonyamula matenda oopsa ogona. Tsetse amadya magazi a vertebrates ndipo amadwala matenda oopsa kwa anthu - trypanosomiasis. Chiwerengero cha anthu omwalira ku Africa ndi chodabwitsa chifukwa cha iwo. Chaka chilichonse, anthu mazana 250 mpaka 250 amafa ku Africa chifukwa chakulumidwa ndi kachilomboka.
Kalao waku African wakuwala
Kalao-wokhala woyera waku Africa - m'modzi mwa nthumwi za mbalame za chipembere, amakhala m'nkhalango zachilengedwe za Central ndi West Africa.
Kutalika kwa thupi kumakhala kosiyanasiyana masentimita 70-80. Kulemera kwamphongo ndi 279-315 g, kwa mkazi ndi 276-288 g. Utoto wamutuwo ndi loyera, wokhala ndi mawanga akuda, maula ena onse ndi akuda, okhala ndi chinsalu chachitsulo. Nthenga zokha zokhala mchira zimakhala ndi mawanga oyera pamalangizo.
Talali wokongola kwambiri waku Africa
Tambala wooneka bwino waku Africa amadziwikanso ndi dzina loti "pygmy goose", lomwe limafalitsidwa kum'mwera kwa Sahara. Uwu ndi masewera ang'ono kwambiri ku Africa, komanso imodzi yocheperako padziko lapansi (kulemera kwakukulu pafupifupi 285 g, ndi mapiko - 142-165 mm). Chimakhala m'matupi amadzi, kudya masamba am'madzi ndi ma invertebrates.
Ngakhale abulu anzeru aku Africa ali ndi milomo ngati atsekwe, amakhudzana kwambiri ndi abakha amtsinje ndi abakha ena. Mitundu ya nthenga imaphatikizapo mitundu iyi: yakuda, yoyera, yofiyira komanso yobiriwira.
Chikhalidwe cha ku Africa
Amakhala m'misasa yomwe ili kumwera kwa Sahara. Zilombo za ku Africa zimakhala ndi nthenga zochepa pamutu ndi m'khosi, mapiko ake otambalala, nthenga zazifupi pamchira. Kulemera kwa thupi kuchokera pa 4.2 mpaka 7.2 kg, kutalika 78-98 cm, ndipo mapiko ali mumtunda wa 1.96-2.25 m.
Monga mimbulu ina, iyi ndi nsomba, ikudya nyama yaku nyama yomwe imapezekamo. Nthochi za ku Africa nthawi zambiri zimawuluka m'matumba.
Penguin waku Africa
Penguin wa ku Africa, yemwe amadziwikanso kuti penguin wochititsa chidwi, amakhala m'madzi akumwera kwa Africa. Monga ma penguin ena, mtunduwu ndi wopanda ndege, wokhala ndi thupi loyenda, ndipo mapiko, otambasulidwa kukhala ntchentche, malo okhalamo apamadzi. Akuluakulu amalemera pafupifupi makilogalamu 2,3,5,5 ndipo amatalika masentimita 60-70. Ali ndi malovu apinki (matumbo) pamwamba pa maso, omwe amawathandiza kuthana ndi kusintha kwa kutentha.
Ma penguins aku Africa amasiyana siyana ndipo amadya kwambiri nsomba ndi squid. Mtunduwu umakhala pangozi ndipo umadziwika kwambiri pakati pa alendo.
Nyama Yamadzi
Wavy Astrild ndi mbalame yaying'ono kuchokera ku dongosolo la Passeriformes. Kwawo ndi mayiko aku Africa omwe ali kumwera kwa Sahara. Komabe, mtunduwu walowetsedwa kumadera ena ambiri padziko lapansi.
Kutalika kwa cholengedwa cha mlengalenga ndi mainchesi 11 mpaka 13, ndipo mapiko ake ali ndi masentimita 12 mpaka 14 ndi kulemera kwa 8-10 g. Mbalameyi imakhala ndi thupi lochepera lomwe lili ndi mapiko ozungulira komanso mchira wautali. Zowonjezerazo zimakhala zofiirira kwambiri, ndipo mulomo wake ndi wofiyira.
Wovala Zovala Pamodzi
Mbalamezi zimakhala m'misewu yaku South Africa, Namibia ndi Botswana. Amamanga zisa zazikulu zam'midzi, zomwe zimapezeka mosavuta pakati pa mbalame. Zisa za Weaver ndi zina mwazinthu zochititsa chidwi kwambiri zopangidwa ndi mbalame.
Kutalika kwa thupi kuli pafupifupi 14 cm, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi 26-32 g. Mtundu wa nthenga ndi wotuwa, wotuwa.
Ngwete yopapatiza yamu Africa
Ng'ona yopyapyala ya ku Africa ndi amodzi mwa mitundu itatu yamwala wokhala ku Africa (ziwirizi ndi ng’ona wa ku Nile ndi ng'ona yolusa).
Ng'ona zazing'onoting'ono zimakhala m'matupi amadzi oyera ku Central ndi West Africa. Amakhala ndi kukula kwamtundu wamba, kawirikawiri kakang'ono pang'ono kuposa ming'alu ya Nile, koma yokulirapo kuposa mitundu ina. Akuluakulu, monga lamulo, ali pafupi kutalika kwa 2,5 mamitala, koma, monga mukudziwa, amatha kufikira 4.2 mamita.Malemu a thupi ndi 125-325 kg. Ng'ona zazing'onoting'ono zimakhala ndi kakhosi koonda, komwe kumagwiritsa ntchito kugwira nyama, chifukwa chake dzina lawo.
Mamba yakuda
Mamba yakuda ndi njoka yapoizoni yomwe imangokhala ku Africa kokha. Mtundu umasiyanasiyana kuchokera ku imvi mpaka bulauni, koma osati wakuda. Achinyamata, monga lamulo, ndi opepuka kuposa achikulire, koma amdima ndi zaka. Akuluakulu ogonana nthawi zambiri amafika kutalika kwa 3 m.
Njoka iyi imatsogolera moyo wapadziko lapansi ndipo imakhala m'matanthwe, m'nkhalango, m'matanthwe, ndipo nthawi zina m'nkhalango zowirira. Mamba yakuda imagwiritsa ntchito zinyama zazing'ono ndi mbalame. Imatha kuthamanga ndi 11 km / h pamtunda wochepa. Ngakhale amadziwika kuti ndi njoka yoopsa komanso yankhanza, mamba wakuda, monga lamulo, imapewa anthu ngati saopsezedwa ndikuyesera kuigwira.
Ufulu wolimba
Kamba wam'madzi ndiye phokoso lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ku Africa komanso lachitatu padziko lonse lapansi, ndikupereka njoka za ku Galapagos ndi akamba akuluakulu. Imafika kutalika kwa masentimita 76 ndi kulemera kwa makilogalamu 45, ndipo amuna ena amakula mpaka 90 kg. Mtunduwu ndiwofala kwambiri ngati chiweto, popeza ndiwofunitsitsa komanso wanzeru.
Goliati Frog
Chule cha goliath ndiye chule wamkulu kwambiri padziko lapansi. Anthu ena amakula mpaka 32cm kutalika kuyambira muzzle kupita ku sacrum, ndipo amalemera mpaka 3.25 kg. Mtunduwu uli ndi malo ochepa ku Cameroon ndi Equatorial Guinea.
Chule cha goliath nthawi zambiri chimakhala mkati ndi pafupi ndi mitsinje yofulumira, yokhala ndi mchenga. Mitsinje iyi, monga lamulo, imadzaza kwambiri ndi mpweya. Mitengo yamtsinje momwe achule amakhala goliath nthawi zambiri imakhala m'malo omwe amatentha kwambiri.
Kukumba chule
Chule wokumba ku Africa ndi wa banja Pyxicephalidae. Amakhala ku Angola, Botswana, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, komanso mwina DRC.
Malo okhala zachilengedwe ndi monga ma savannah, mitengo ndi malo otetemera, nyanja zamchere ndi malo osambira, malo okongola, malo odyetserako ziweto, ndi ngalande ndi ngalande. Ili ndi chule lalikulu, amuna amalemera pafupifupi makilogalamu 1.4, ngakhale amatha kupitilira 2 kg. Kuwala kwamatsenga kumafotokozedwa, kulemera kwa mkazi ndi theka kukula kwa wamwamuna, zomwe sizachilendo pakati pa amphibians, monga m'mitundu yambiri zazikazi ndizazikulu. Amuna amatha kufikira 23 cm, pomwe zazikazi ndizocheperako.
Wopanga Gulu la Africa
Baboon kangaude ndi kangaude wochokera kubanja Theraphosidae, wokhala ndi poizoni wamphamvu. Zitha kuyambitsa kupweteka, koma kangaude zambirizi sizimawoneka ngati zowopsa kwa anthu. Dera lokhalamo anthu limaphatikizapo zigawo za South Africa.
Akangaude a bulabo amatsogolera pa dziko lapansi ndikupanga ngalawa, nthawi zambiri pansi pa miyala kapena m'miyala. Malo okhala ndi malo okhala monga savannah nkhalango, mitengo, ndi zitsamba zowuma.
Spider darwin
Kangaude wa Darwin ndi wa banja lokhala mozungulira. Monga mitundu ina ya akangaude, mtundu wa kugonana umafotokozeredwa kwambiri, zazikazi ndizokulirapo kuposa zazimuna. Kutalika kwamtundu wa akazi kumasiyanasiyana kuyambira 18 mpaka 22 mm, ndipo kutalika kwa amuna ndi pafupifupi 6 mm.
Akangaude awa amapanga zachilengedwe mwachilengedwe - tsamba lomwe ndi lalikulu komanso lokhalitsa.
Kangaude wamiyala isanu ndi umodzi
Uwu ndi mtundu wa kangaude wapakatikati. Kutalika kwa thupi kumayambira 8 mpaka 15 mm, ndipo kutalika kwa mathemawo kumafika 50 mm. Kangaude wamaso asanu ndi umodzi amakhala kumapululu komanso kumadera ena amchenga kumwera kwa Africa. Zowukira anthu ndizosowa: palibe mlandu umodzi wotsimikiziridwa. Komabe, kuyezetsa komwe kunachitika kuti kangaudeyu alimbe kalulu, zotulukapo zake zinali zakufa (kufa kwa nyamayo kumachitika patatha maola 5 mpaka 12 kuchokera kuluma).
Nsomba zikuluzikulu
Nsomba zazikuluzikulu zam'madzi, zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti chimphona cha hydrocin, ndi nsomba yayikulu kwambiri, yamadzi abwino, ochokera kubanja Alestidae. Imapezeka ku Congo Basin.
Nyamayi imakula mpaka kutalika kwa 1.8 m ndikulemera 50 kg. Nsomba zikuluzikulu zazikulu ndi ichthyophagous, kudya nsomba iliyonse yomwe imatha kupendedwa, kuphatikiza ndi abale ang'onoang'ono.
Kalamoicht
Kalamoicht kapena nsomba ya njoka, amakhala ku West ndi Central Africa. Imapezeka makamaka m'mitsinje ndi munyanja. Zakudyazo zimakhala ndi nyama zazing'ono (tizilombo ndi mphutsi).
Kalamoicht imafika pamtunda wa masentimita 37. Ili ndi ziphuphu, thupi lalitali popanda fumbo lam'mimba. Ndalama yayitali ya dorsal imakhala ndi ma spine osiyanasiyana opatulidwa bwino. Kalamoicht imakhala ndi mapapu awiri, omwe amakupatsani mwayi wopumira mumlengalenga. Izi zimathandizira kuti nsomba ikhale m'madzi ndi mpweya wochepa wa okosijeni womwe umasungunuka.
Nthenga zambiri zaku Senegal
Senegalese mnogoper imapezeka m'madzi, mitsinje, madambo ndi kusefukira kwamadzi otentha ku Africa komanso njira ya mumtsinje wa Nailo.
Nsomba zazitali izi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimachita imvi kapena beige, nthawi zina zimakhala ndi mithunzi yoyera, yapinki kapena yamtambo. Ambiri mwa thupi amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ochepa thupi okhala ndi mawanga amdima kapena madontho. Mapangidwe a dorsal dorsal amakula mbali zambiri za thupi mpaka atakumana ndi caudal fin, yomwe imakhala yakuthwa komanso lathyathyathya. Kutalika kwa thupi mpaka 35,5 cm.