- kunyumba
- Mavuto akulu azikhalidwe
Monga anthu ambiri, Russell amakonda kukhala ndi ndandanda yake. China chake a Russell amayembekeza.
Ndibwino kulola kuti chiweto chanu chizikuzungulirani pafupi ndi nyumba ngati kuti mwapanikizika ndi ntchito zapakhomo - yambani kugona, kuchapa zovala, ndi kupita kusitolo. Pa ntchito iliyonse yakunyumba yatsopano, bwerani ndi timagulu tatsopano tophunzirira. Mwachitsanzo, mukafuna kusesa pansi kukhitchini, phunzitsani Russell kuti akubweretsere fumbi. Posachedwa muwona kuti tsopano ndi wothandiza pantchito yakunyumba, ndipo adzakhala wokondwa chifukwa adzachita zomwe anabadwira - kugwira ntchito limodzi ndi mbuye wake.
Tiyeni tiwone zovuta zomwe zili wamba machitidwe a Jacks, zomwe zimayambitsa eni awo zovuta. Mavuto onse, inde, akhoza kuwongoleredwa kapena kupewa kwathunthu kuchitika mwa maphunziro oyenera komanso maphunziro. Onetsetsani: palibe chikhalidwe chosasinthika, pali eni ulesi omwe alibe nthawi yophunzitsa ziweto zawo.
Wopusa
Okhala nawo mtsogolo a Jack Russell Terriers, choyambirira, ayenera kukhala ndi nthawi yayikulu yaulere yomwe ali okonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito mwachangu ndi chiweto chawo. Jack Russell Terrier ndi galu wogwira ntchito kuti asachite zoipa kunyumba, chiweto chizipatsidwa chakudya chokwanira tsiku lililonse. Ma Jackies amatha kuwononga mphamvu zawo pakuyenda pamasewera akhama, koma masewerawa ayenera kukhala aatali.
Ngati galuyo watayidwa kuti asunthe, ndiye kuti adzapeza zosangalatsa mnyumbamo, akuwononga kukonza kwanu ndikukongoletsa kwanu. Ndipo galuyo amalephereka kusuntha, komanso, kampani yamunthu ikapeza ntchito ina. Zosawoneka pakulondola koyenera pakasowa ziwalo zabanja, mwana wankhuku amatha kuwononga zida zapakhomo.
Komabe, a Jack Russell Terrier nthawi zambiri amafotokozedwa kuti ndi galu wogontha mosazungulira. Izi siziri choncho. Ndi katundu woyenera kunyumba, amasintha kukhala galu wokoma kwambiri.
Zigawenga zazing'ono
Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti a Jack Russell otsegula ndi osaka zenizeni omwe ntchito yawo ndikuwotchera chilombo kutuluka mu dzenje. Mitundu yocheperako ya agalu yomwe imatha kupikisana nawo mu kupilira, nkhanza ndi kukondera koona!
Ngati mukukhala m'nyumba yopanda malire, onetsetsani kuti famu yanu imamasulidwa posachedwa ndi tizirombo monga timadontho kapena makoswe, koma nyama zina, mwachitsanzo, amphaka kapena ma hedgehogs, zimatha kukhala ozunza a osaka osasamala mbalame.
A Jack Russell Terrier akumva bwino kwambiri muthumba la mtundu wake, koma kumbukirani kuti a Jackie amasilira kwambiri agalu a anthu ena omwe ali m'gawo lake. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kukumbukira kuti paketi ya Jacks ikhoza kukhala gulu lenileni la zigawenga zomwe zimasunga agalu oyandikana ndi amphaka ku bay!
Mbiri yakubadwa
Jack Russell Terrier kwakhala nthawi yayitali, osati osiyana. Wansembe wa Chingerezi a John (Jack) Russell adawapangira iwo kuti azitha kusaka nyama ndipo sanadziwe kuti mtsogolo agalu adzakhala amodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Liwu loti terrier limachokera ku liwu Lachilatini lakuti Terra - dziko lomwe pambuyo pake linadzakhala French terrarius. Kutanthauzira kwina kwa dzinalo ndi galu yemwe amakwera pansi.
Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa ma terriers kuyambira ku 1440, ngakhale ndiakale kwambiri. Ngakhale idachokera ku Britain, malo oyendayenda mwina adafika kuzilumbazi mu 1066, nthawi ya Norman Conquest.
Olemba mabuku achiroma amati achi Britain anali agalu aang'ono osaka omwe adawetedwa ndi nyama zobera.
Mosiyana ndi mtundu wina wa agalu, mbiri yakale ya malo osakira imasoweka bwino. Zomwe zidapezeka ku Adrianova (zaka 122-126) zimaphatikizapo zotsalira za agalu awiri. Chimodzi mwazofanana ndi Whippet wamakono, ma dachshunds kapena ma skater ena.
Amatinso kuti ma terriers anakhalapo zaka masauzande zapitazo ndipo ankawoneka ofanana ndi omwe ali lero. Zoyambira zawo zenizeni sizikhala chinsinsi, koma kwa nthawi yayitali adalumikizana ndi England, omwe amadziwika kuti ndiwo malo obadwirako.
Kwa zaka mazana ambiri, akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kusaka nyama zazing'ono ndikupha makoswe. Amatha kuthana ndi nkhandwe, hare, badger, muskrat ndipo amakhala othandiza kwambiri m'mafamu.
Mwa olemekezeka, amadziwika kuti ndi agalu a anthu wamba, chifukwa sioyenera kusaka anthu wamba ngati masewera akulu. Komabe, tekinoloji yatsopano yaulimi yachititsa kuti kudyetsa ziweto, mipanda komanso kudula mitengo mwachisawawa.
Kusaka mahatchi kwakhala kovuta komanso kosowa, gulu lapamwamba lidakakamizidwa kusaka nkhandwe .. M'zaka za zana la 16 pali mitundu ina monga greyhound ya Chingerezi ndikusaka masewera osavuta amasintha kukhala mwambo. M'mphepete mwake mumapeza nkhandwe ndikuwathamangitsa, pomwe okwera amayenda pamahatchi. Moyenera, mumathamangitsa nkhandwe, koma ndi yanzeru kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri imalowa mdzenje momwe Foxhound sangathe kuyipeza.
Pakadali pano, alenje amayenera kuthamangitsa mizere ndikukumba chilombocho, chomwe ndichitali, chovuta komanso chosasangalatsa. Panafunika galu wocheperako, wolusa, wosasamala yemwe amatha kutumizidwa kwa nkhandweyo.
Alenjewo adayamba kuswana nyama zomwe zidasinthidwa kukumba kwa nkhandwe ndi masewera ena. Mtundu wamtunduwu unafika pachimake kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1800.
Kwa zaka mazanamazana, malo okhala anali otuwa kwambiri kapena a bulauni. Chithunzi choyamba cha malo oyera oyera adayamba mu 1790. William Giplin adalemba chithunzi chotchedwa Field, chomwe chinali cha Colonel Thomas Thornton.
Amakhulupirira kuti gawolo anali kholo la onse oyera ochokera ku England. Pambuyo pake ofufuzawo ananena kuti inali mtundu wokhala ndi greyhound kapena hound, momwe amachokera mtundu wake.
Pambuyo pake adawoloka ndi mitundu yambiri, kuphatikiza zikwangwani ndi Dalmatia. Monga terrier iliyonse, agalu amawona kuti ndi ochepa kuposa agalu, makamaka chifukwa samakhudzidwa, mbiri yakaleyi sinasangalatse wina aliyense.
Mu 1800 inali chiwonetsero cha galu chotchuka komwe pulogalamuyi imatha kupatsa ziweto zake. Maonekedwe a mabuku a studio ndi mtundu wa mafani samasamala kwambiri poswana.
Mmodzi mwa oterowo ndi wansembe wachingelezi dzina lake John Russell, wotchedwa Confessor Jack (Parson Jack), msaki wokangalika komanso woweta galu.
Akufuna kupeza mtundu watsopano wa nkhandwe, yomwe, kuphatikiza pa mawonekedwe ena ogwira ntchito, idzasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu woyera. Mu 1819, adatenga chimake chachikazi chotchedwa Trump kuchokera kwa amkaka wamba.
Russell adamupeza ali ndi nkhandwe yabwino (nthawi imeneyo, mawuwa amafotokoza agalu onse omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kusaka anyani). Mnzake wina dzina lake Davis akulemba mnyumba mwake kuti: "a Trump anali galu wabwino, motero Russell ankatha kuwona m'maloto."
Jack Russell akuyamba pulogalamu yoswana yomwe yakhala ikukumana ndi mavuto. Pakupita kwa zaka, adzakakamizidwa kugulitsa agalu ake kanayi kuti apeze ndalama zaulere.
Komabe, adamutsitsanso mobwerezabwereza, kuyesera kuti apange mawonekedwe a linnalabor terriers momwe angathere (kuthekera koyang'anira kavalo ndi nkhandwe), ndipo posakhalitsa angayesetse nkhandweyoyo m'dzenjemo ndikuyithamangitsa, osamupha.
Pofika mu 1850, a Jack Russell Terrier anali ngati mtundu wina wa zolengedwa, ngakhale mpaka 1862, kunalibe mabuku ndi zolembedwa.
Jack Russell adaganiziranso zokhudzana ndi agalu ake amtundu wa Fox Terrier. Anali m'modzi mwa omwe adayambitsa Fox Terrier Club ndi Kennel Club.
Chofunikira pa mtundu uwu chinali chaukali kwambiri, chomwe, kumbali ina, chinkatha kuthamangitsa nkhandwe, kumbali ina, kuti isaphe, yomwe imawonedwa ngati yopanda kanthu. Russell mwini adati adanyadira kuti galu wake sanalawepo magazi.
Agalu ake amawasamalira kwambiri, ndipo amadziwika ndi osaka. Komabe, sizokayikitsa kuti Jack Russell Terriers omwe adachokera ku Trump, popeza zonse zasakaniza pazaka zopitilira.
A Jack Russell Terrier ndi a Fox Terrier amakono ndi olowa galu, ngakhale kuti palibe mitengo yomwe idasungidwa mpaka 1862, koma pali zolemba zingapo kuyambira 1860-1880. Mu 1875, gulu la nkhandwe zopangidwa ndi nkhandwe lidapangidwa, ndipo a Russell ndi m'modzi mwa omwe adakhazikitsa, mafotokozedwe oyamba azomwe zimaswana zimapezeka.
M'zaka zoyambira makumi awiri, ma terriers adakhala ochulukirachulukira ngati agalu amakono, ngakhale kuti kumadera ena amtundu akadali ndi mtundu wakale wa Jack Russell. Ndikutengera kwa agalu awa komwe Jack Russell Terriers amabwera ku jacks zamakono ndi Parson Russell Terriers.
Pambuyo pa kumwalira kwa Russell, pali anthu awiri okha omwe anapitiliza kubereka, mmodzi Chislehurst yemwe amatchedwa East ndi wina ku Cornwall wotchedwa Archie. Kummawa uko kunali agalu angapo ochokera ku agalu a Jack Russell, sanali akulu ngati galu wowonetsera, ndipo anali wolemera osakwana 7 kg.
Mu 1894, Arthur Heinemann Blake adapanga mtundu woyamba wa gulu lodziwika bwino ndi Devon ndi Somerset Club, omwe cholinga chake chinali kutchukitsa kusaka nyama. Pambuyo pake gululi lidasinthidwa Parson Jack Russell Terrier Club. Kusaka ma badger pamafunika mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamtunda ndipo magazi amphongo amphongo ndipo amaponyedwa kuti apange mphamvuyo.
Kuzungulira panthawiyi, adagawika pakati pa agalu ogwira ntchito ndi agalu owonetsa, zomwe zidayambitsa kugawanikana kwina kukhala magulu awiri osiyana, onsewo okhala ndi dzina la munthu m'modzi.
Pambuyo pa kumwalira kwa Heinemann mu 1930, nazale ndi oyang'anira kalabu adapita kwa Annie Harris, koma gululi lidatseka patatsala pang'ono nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse. Nkhondo itatha, kufunidwa kwa agalu osaka kunachepa kwambiri, ndipo mtunduwo unayamba kukhala galu mnzake.
Anawoloka ndi Chihuahuas, Welsh Corgi ndi malo ena ang'onoang'ono, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti pakhale mitundu yatsopano yambiri.
Sizikudziwika bwinobwino pamene woyamba juss r terell terrier adabwera ku America, koma pofika 1970 idali mwala wosakhazikika kale. A Alice Crawford, amodzi mwa obereketsa wamkulu, adapanga Jack Russell Terrier ndi Club of America (JRTCA) mu 1976.
Mamembala a Club amayang'ana kwambiri pakusunga machitidwe ogwirira ntchito, kufikira atatha msinkhu agalu atalembetsa. Kuphatikiza apo, muyezo umakhala wowolowa manja, agalu amaloledwa kuchokera mainchesi 10 mpaka 15 kufota.
M'zaka za m'ma 1970, makalabu ambiri adakhazikitsidwa ku England. Ena mwa iwo amafufuza mtundu womwe unadziwika ndi Kennel Club, pomwe ena satero. Pakati pa magulu, mikangano, kuphatikizapo chifukwa cha kukula kwa agalu.
Oberetsa omwe akufuna kuti anawo azidera amati galu sayenera kukhala wamtali kuposa mainchesi 14 kuti awoneke ngati choyambirira cha Jack Russell Terriers.
Otsutsa awo adalola kuti apange mainchesi 10 mpaka 15. Mkanganowu umakhudza United States, pomwe mu 1985, a Jack Russell Terrier a Association of America (JRTAA) adapatukana ndi JRTCA.Zowona, kutchuka kwa mtundu uwu kukuwonetsa pang'ono, kumakula ku United States ndi England. Mu 1982, galu wotchedwa maliseche amakhala galu woyamba kutenga nawo gawo ku South ndi North Pole. Pakati pa makumi asanu ndi anayi, agalu amawonekera mumakanema osiyanasiyana ndi makanema, omwe nthawi yomweyo amakhudza kutchuka. Imodzi mwa mafilimuwa inali Mask - nthabwala yabwino ndi Jim Carrey.
Kutchuka kumeneku kumangokulitsa chisokonezo pakati pa Mitunduyi. Lingaliro lotchuka kwambiri ndikuti Parson Russell Terrier ndi kusiyanasiyana kwa Jack Russell Terrier. Mabungwe osiyanasiyana ophunzitsira amawawona ngati mitundu yosiyana ndi mitundu, zomwe zimangosokoneza.
Masiku ano, kutchuka kwa mtunduwu kukuchepa, komabe, adasewera naye nthabwala zoyipa zokha. Agalu amenewo omwe omvera adawona zipatso za ntchito ya aphunzitsi aluso ndi othandizira, ndipo Jack Russell Terriers weniweni amakhalaumauma kwambiri komanso ovuta kuwaphunzitsa.
Kuphatikiza apo, ambiri amakhulupirira kuti agalu amenewa ali ndi mphamvu zambiri kuposa momwe angafunire. Zotsatira zake, malo okhala agalu ali odzaza ndi agalu omwe amasiyidwa ndi eni ake. Ambiri adaleredwera, zomwe sizachilendo kwa galu wamng'ono yemwe amakhala wokonzeka nthawi zonse.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Popeza uyu ndi galu wogwira ntchito, adakhalabe chimodzimodzi zaka 200 zapitazo. Ndi yolimba, yolimba komanso yotsika, kuyambira kukula kwake kuyambira mainchesi 10 mpaka 25cm kufota ndikulemera makilogalamu 14-18 (6.4-8.2 kg). Kutalika kwa thupi kuyenera kukhala kolingana ndi kutalika ndipo galu amayenera kuwoneka wofanana, woyenera.
Monga agalu ena, zingwe ndizocheperako pang'ono kuposa abambo, ngakhale kuti palibe agorphism ambiri ogonana. Mtunduwu umakhala ndi mitundu yambiri komanso kutalika kwamiyendo kuposa agalu ambiri olimbirana. Ngakhale miyendo yambiri ndi yayitali, ngati nkhandwe ya fox, pali ma rhizomes amafupifupi ngati corgi. Komabe, sizifikira mopitirira malire.
Kufunitsitsa kwa obereketsa kuti azisamalira machitidwe a agaluwo, kunapangitsa kuti agalu ali ndi minofu kwambiri. Mchirawo ndi wamfupi, wamtunda kwambiri usanayambe kugwirana ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 12 kuti galuyo azichotsa mosavuta kuzungulira dzenje. Mitu ndi kupindika molingana ndi thupi, kupukutira pang'ono pang'onopang'ono kuposa chigaza, osati kutalika kwambiri ndikugundana pang'ono mpaka kumapeto. Mphuno ndi yakuda, maso ndi opangidwa ndi amondi, amdima. Agalu ali ndi makutu okhala ndi mawonekedwe - okhazikika, koma malangizowo ali pansi, amakhudza kwambiri. Mawonekedwe olondola a makutu ndi imodzi mwazomwe Jack Russell Terrier amawunikira pazowonetsa.
Mafuta amatha kukhala amitundu itatu: coarse, yosalala komanso yapakatikati (kapena "yosweka" - mtundu wapakatikati pakati pa yosalala ndi yolimba). Chovala ichi ndi chachifupi kapena chapakatikati kutalika ndi undercoat yofewa. Ndiwofupikitsika kwambiri, koma wokwanira kuteteza ku nyengo ndipo sayenera kukhala wopusa.
Mtundu wa terrier uwu udali mu kanema The Mask. Kuchokera pazoyipa-zimawoneka ngati ubweya wachikhalidwe cha terriers, monga Cairn Terrier ndi Wire Fox Terrier. Chosweka ndi mtundu wapakati pakati pa chovala chosalala ndi cholimba. Agalu awa ali ndi tsitsi lopukutira, limawoneka ngati ali ndi ndevu.
Mtundu woyambira ndi zoyera, ndipo ayenera kukhala oyera pafupifupi 51%. Azungu ambiri ndi 80-90%. Malo omwe ali m'thupi amatha kukhala akuda kapena ofiira. Amapezeka kwambiri pamutu, makutu ndi kumbuyo kumbuyo.
Kusiyana pakati pa Jack Russell Terrier ndi Parson Russell Terrier
Jack Russell Terrier ndi Parson Russell Terrier ndi ofanana, ali ndi chiyambi komanso mbiri yakale, ndipo zosiyana ndizochepa, ndizofunikira kwambiri kutalika. Parson ali ndi mutu wautali komanso chifuwa chachikulu, thupi lalikulu.
Kutalika komwe kumafota kwa Parson Russell Terrier malinga ndi mtundu wotetezedwa ndi masentimita 30 mpaka 36. Jack Russell nthawi zambiri amakhala wokwanira masentimita 30 poyerekeza ndi Parson, Jack Russell ayenera kukhala wautali kuposa wamtali, ndipo wansembe ndi yemweyo. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu ndi komwe kuli koyenda pang'ono.
Khalidwe
Palibe mitundu yambiri, yokhala ndi nyonga komanso yoyipa, monga a Jack Russell Terrier. Amadziwika chifukwa cha chidwi chawo komanso kusuntha kosatha. Ngakhale kuti ndi otchuka kwambiri, musaganize kuti agalu amenewa ndi abwino kwa banja lililonse.
Mitundu yonseyi imakhala ndi mawonekedwe amtunda, makamaka makamaka, mwanjira zina imakhala mopitirira muyeso. Amakonda Mwini wake ndipo ndiwokhulupirika, koma osakhazikika, wopangidwira pawokha komanso pawokha. Ubwino wabwino ndi ubale wabwino ndi ana, osati monga mtundu uliwonse wamtunda.
Mwa zonse zomwe zili pamtunda, iyi ndi yolira kochepa. Komabe, sangapirire modekha kapena mopanda ulemu, ndipo mutha kudziteteza. Chifukwa chake, ndikwabwino kuti terata akukhala mnyumbamo ndi mwana wamkulu yemwe amamvetsetsa momwe angakhalire ndi galu.
Momwe amalankhulira ndi anthu ena zimadalira pa chikhalidwe. Ndi mayanjano oyenera, galu amakhala waulemu, wodekha, wochezeka, koma osatero. Zomwe sizinakhalepo pagulu zimatha kukhala zamanyazi kapena kuzunza ena.
Eni ake amafunika kuchita nawo zisangalalo m'mbuyomu momwe angathere, chifukwa amatha kuluma alendo. Kuphatikiza apo, Jack Russell Terrier akhoza kukhala wolamulira kwambiri ndipo sadzakhala galu woyenera kwa iwo omwe alibe chidziwitso pakubala galu.
Ma terriers onse amadziwika ndi chiwawa chambiri kwa agalu ena, koma a Jack Russell Terrier ndipo ndiwokwezeka kwambiri. Komabe, sikuti adzagwa, ngakhale kukula kwa mdani wake. Sazolowera kubwerera, kumenyanirana ndi a Jack Russell nthawi zambiri kumatha ndi kumwalira kwa m'modzi wotsutsa. Komabe, nthawi zambiri amatuluka opambana, ngakhale kukula kwake.
Ndi socialization, amatha kuyanjana ndi agalu ena, koma kachiwiri, njirayi ikuyenera kuyamba molawirira. Ichi ndi mtundu wotchuka womwe oimira ake amayenera kuwongolera agalu onse mnyumbamo. Kuphatikiza apo, amasiyanitsidwa ndi malingaliro a umwini, amasunga mwamphamvu zoseweretsa zawo.
Ukali wawo wogonana ndi womwewo, sizitengera jenda la wotsutsa. Komabe, amuna awiri amangofunikira kuti azikhala olekanirana ndikulekana.
Mutha kuyerekezera kuti amagwirizana ndi nyama zina ... zoyipa. Ali ndi nzeru zofunira kusaka kwambiri ndipo amasaka nyama iliyonse yaying'ono kapena yayikulu kukula. Mphutsi, mbewa, ma hamsters - onsewo sadzakhala osapitilira mphindi ziwiri ngati galu atha kuwafikira.
Ndipo mphindi iyi silingakonzedwe ndi chitukuko chilichonse. Osamusiira Jack Russell Terrier ziweto zokha! Ngati mukufuna kuwachotsa.
Amatha kuphunzitsidwa kukhala mnyumba imodzi ndi mphaka, koma kubzala kotereku kumabweretsa mavuto ambiri. Mwinanso, adzaopseza amphaka. Ayi, agaluwa amatha kuthana ndi mbewa ndi makoswe mnyumba mwachangu kuposa mphaka wina aliyense, akumapereka mitundu yokhayo yamtunda.
Mwambiri, ngati simunakonzekere kuti muwoneke abuluzi akufa, njoka, agologolo, akalulu, ana amphaka, mtundu uwu si wanu .Masamba ali ndi miyeso yapamwamba kwambiri yophunzitsira. Jack Russell ali ndi magwiridwe antchito kwambiri pakati pa agalu onse ofanana.
Kuphatikiza apo, zimakhala zangokhala zikhalidwe ndi abusa ena okha. Amafuna tsiku lililonse, katundu wolemera.
Amakhala bwino m'nyumba yokhala ndi bwalo lalikulu, momwe amathamangira ndikukakumba. Amafunika ufulu ndi malo, ngakhale kukula kochepa mu nyumba, ndipo ndizoyipa.
Inde, lero ndi galu wothandizana naye, koma dzulo chinali galu wogwira ntchito, mlenje sawopa kukwera mdzenje kupita kwa Fox.
Koma kuyenda ndi iye m'magulu okonda agalu sikugwira ntchito. Popeza njirazi zidzakumana ndi agalu ena, womwe ndi nkhondo yofunika kwambiri.
Ubwino wa munthu wotere, Jack Russell amakhala wokonzeka kuchita nawozo. Ngati ndinu munthu wakhama komanso wakhama yemwe amakonda kuyendayenda ndikuyenda, ndiye kuti galu uyu adzakutsatani mpaka kumapeto kwa dziko lapansi.
Komabe, mphamvu zawo sizikutayika ndi ukalamba ndipo galu ali ndi zaka 10, akusewera ngati mwana wa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Amasungabe mawonekedwe amunthu wawo ngakhale thupi litayamba kukana. Ndipo nthawi zambiri galu wopanda khungu ndi gouty amabweretsa mnzake mnzake.
Ngati sangapeze njira yothandizira, ndiye kuti zonse zikhala pambiri. Ambiri mwa omwe sadziwa galu, ndikuganiza kuti zidzakhala zokwanira theka la ola limodzi kuyenda tsiku limodzi. Imeneyo si mfundo! Palibe zotulutsa? Kuphika ... kotero muyenera kusangalala. Tangoganizirani momwe mungasangalalire ndi galu wolimba mtima ngati muli pantchito?
Vuto lina lomwe lili ndi chaching'ono cha mbwa. Kuphatikiza apo, mawonetseredwe awa mu matenda a agalu ndiofala kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina.
Kupatula apo, ndiwokongola, wocheperako, woseketsa ndipo saopseza aliyense. Popita nthawi, galu amazindikira kuti izi ndizofunikira, ndikukhala osalamulirika. Agalu omwe ali ndi vuto laling'ono la agalu amakhala ankhanza, otchuka, opanduka.
Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi mbiri yoyipa ya agalu omwe amaluma mwana. Eni ake azisamalira Jack Russell ngati agalu akulu. Zoyenera kuchita ndikupita ku General Training Course.omwe angathe kukhala nawo ayenera kukumbukira kuti agaluwa amatha kubindikira. Monga mawonekedwe onse amtunda, nthawi zambiri amangokhalira chifukwa chilichonse. Kumbukirani kuti kubowola uku sikusangalatsa anzanu.
Imodzi mwamagawo osasamala kwambiri. Kuyeretsa pafupipafupi ndikokwanira pazosankha zonse. Izi sizitanthauza kuti samalira. M'malo mwake, kuswana kumeneku ndikukhuthulira kwambiri. Wirehair amaweta kwambiri kuposa Mitundu yambiri yokhala ndi tsitsi lofananira.
Ngati wina m'banjamo sakhudzidwa ndi chovala cha galuyo kapena ngati simukukonda maonekedwe ake, muyenera kuganizira mtundu wina.
Zaumoyo
Monga nyama zina zowala bwino, thanzi limatengera udindo wa obereketsa ndi omwe amatulutsa. Nthawi zambiri amayamba kusaka ndalama zaka zaposachedwa, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri mtundu wa obereketsa.
Galu wathanzi ali ndi chimodzi mwazitali kwambiri zoyembekeza moyo, kuyambira zaka 13 mpaka 16, komanso pali milandu ya zaka 18.
Mwa zina mwazomwe matendawa ali nawo: Matenda a Perthes (matenda achikazi ndi m'chiuno molumikizana), kufalikira kwam'mbuyo.
Onerani kanemayo
Ngati sichoncho ndi kusiyana, makamaka kutalika ndi kuchuluka kwake. Galu wamtali kwambiri, woboola pakati tsopano amatchedwa Parson Russell Terrier, ndipo imodzi yofupikirako komanso yotalikirapo, monga a Jack Russell Terrier.
Pokonza ma jacks, Mlongo John mwangozi adakhala oimira osangalatsa powoloka ndi ng'ombe yamphongo: anali atafupikitsa mawoko ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito kukoka ma thumba. Mitundu yomwe idatulapoyo sinatchulidwenso ndipo idatchulidwanso kuti Jack Russell. Izi zidapanga kugawanika pakati pa mitundu iwiri ya agalu. Ngakhale izi, zofuna zawo zautoto zinali zofanana, ndizo: galu ayenera kukhala woyera wokhala ndi zilembo zazing'ono kapena zakuda. Izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi zofunikira komanso zotetezeka: pamene munthu wamtambo akuthamangitsa nkhandwe kapena chiphokoso kutulutsa dzenje atatha kumenya, amamva fungo lomwelo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti thambo (foxhound) limatha kulanda ndikukhala pansi ngati chimfine, galuyo ayenera kukhala woyera kwambiri kuti zigawo ndi osaka azitha mosavuta kumusiyanitsa iye kwa chirombo. Mawonekedwe amtundu ankaloledwa, chifukwa agalu oyera mtima anali ndi vuto lakumva (masomphenya, chitetezo chokwanira, zina) - izi zikufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane mu Breed Standard, gawo la "Colour".
Nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse itatha, kufunika kwa agalu osaka kunagwa kwambiri. Chidwi ndi mtundu umasowa. Jack Russell adayamba kudutsana ndi Chihuahua ndi Mitundu yaying'ono. Koma chifukwa cha obereketsa aku Australia, mtunduwu umapulumutsidwa ndikuwonongeka ndikuyamba moyo watsopano, ndipo ndi mtundu watsopano wa kutchuka.
Dongosolo lidakhazikitsidwa mu 1975. Kenako a Jack Russell Terrier Breeders Club adalembetsedwa koyamba. Podzafika 1980, kutchuka kwa amtunduwo kudakulanso. Ma Jackies amagawidwa ku Europe konse. Mu 1990, mtunduwu udayamba kutchuka ku America.
Mtunduwu ndi umodzi wodziwika kwambiri m'maiko aku Western, tsopano chiwerengero cha mafani ake ku Eastern Europe chikukula mwachangu! Mu CIS, nthumwi zoyambirira za Jack Ranisiv zidawoneka zaka 20-25 zapitazo - ku Russia, mu kalabu ya agalu amitundu yosowa kwambiri SCOR.
Jack Russell ali mnyumba
Zakudya Zabwino Russell sizovuta. Monga lamulo, ali ndi chidwi chabwino, chifukwa chake zonse zowuma ndi zakudya zachilengedwe ndizovomerezeka. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti galu uyu ndi wocheperako, koma wamphamvu kwambiri, ndiye kuti chakudya chouma chimayenera kukhala chokhacho cha premium komanso super premium. Zakudya zachilengedwe - 60-70% imakhala ndi nyama kapena offal (mtima, chilonda), nthawi zina zochepa - impso, udder, chiwindi, m'mapapu, etc. Kuphatikiza apo, chimanga chimapanga 10-15% (timaphika zosakaniza za chimanga: mpunga + buckwheat + oatmeal), 10-15% - masamba (dzungu, kaloti, beets, amadyera), 10% - zinthu zamkaka (kefir, wowawasa, tchizi tchizi, yogati). Nthawi ziwiri pa sabata timapereka zinziri kapena theka la dzira la bakha ndi supuni 0,5-1 za mafuta a masamba.
Kusankha mwana wa mwana wamwamuna wa Jack Russell Terrier
Ngati mwasankha pa mtundu wasankha ndipo kusankha kwanu kudagwa pa Jack Russell, ndikukulangizani kuti muthane ndi malingaliro ochepa posankha mwana wa mwana.
Choyamba (ndipo chofunikira kwambiri!) - OSATSATIRA. Kumbukirani: simusankha chidole komanso osati nsapato zanyengo - mumasankha bwenzi kwa zaka 10-15, choncho samalani ndipo musagule mwana popanda zilembo (iyi si pasipoti ya Chowona chanyama chokha, komanso khadi la ana agalu - satifiketi yoyambira ana agalu ) Khadi la ana agalu liyenera kuphatikizapo: mtundu, tsiku lobadwa, jenda, mtundu, dzina, dzina kapena abambo, dzina, abambo ndi amayi, dzina, adilesi ndi mayanjano am'bungwe omwe adatulutsa chikalata, nambala yafoni ndi dzina la obereketsa, stamp yozungulira. Musamale ngati khadi yachinyamata ilibe zonse zomwe zalembedwa, mwina chikalatacho ndi chabodza kapena choperekedwa ndi gulu lomwe silili m'gulu lalikulu (zomwe zikutanthauza kuti "chikalatacho" chilibe mphamvu). Ndipo kumbukirani: agalu ambiri a mongrel muubwana ali ofanana kwambiri ndi ana agalu a Jack Russell Terrier! Musalole kuti musocheretsedwe!
Mbali yachiwiri (yosafunikira kwenikweni) ndiyo chisankho CHAKULAZI! Ngati mugula ana kwa ana ang'ono ndipo simukufuna kusaka, mwatsatanetsatane musatenge mwana kwa alenjewo, momwemonso, pogula galu yemwe adzagwiritse ntchito kusaka, simuyenera kutenga ana agalu osatifiketi? Mukamasankha mwana wa ana, onetsetsani kuti mukulankhula ndi amayi ake - muyenera kukonda mawonekedwe ake, komanso, ndi abambo. Amayi sangakhale ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino (onyambita), koma sayenera kukhala okwiya, kukhala ndi fungo losasangalatsa komanso maso owala. Amayenera kukhala ndi makutu oyera, okhazikika bwino komanso maso owoneka bwino, malalowo amatha kukhala osungunuka - izi ndizabwinobwino. Funsani kuwonetsa madipuloma akuwonetserako (payenera kukhala ndi osachepera awiri okhala ndi "zabwino" kapena "zabwino kwambiri"). Ana agalu ayenera kukhala oyera komanso opanda chofewa, okondwa komanso kusewera.
Chachitatu, cholinga chopezacho (chiwonetsero, bridi, pet kapena msaki). Malinga ndi mwana, mwana sanganene motsimikiza kuti iyi ndiye Champion chamtsogolo komanso Nyenyezi Yokhala ndi Mphete! Mmodzi amangoganiza! Ndiye kuti, woweta bwino sadzanenanso kuti: "Uyu ndi ngwazi yamtsogolo!". Adzanena kuti: "Mwana uyu ali ndi chiyembekezo chachikulu."
Agalu owonetsa-owonetsera samangokhala ndi malo okongola akunja, komanso chiwonetsero chapadera! Galu lotere silokwanira kugula, likufunika kuleredwa bwino, kuphunzitsidwa, kupangidwira mwa iye (sindikuopa mawu) nzeru za ziwonetsero, kakhalidwe mumphete, njira yopita kuchigonjetso! Galu wowonetsera amasangalala ndi machitidwe ake, limawala, kulimba mtima ndi charisma zimaphatikizidwa mmenemo ndi kulimbika komanso kupirira. Agalu awa omwe ali ndi mwiniwake woyenera, monga lamulo, amakhala Opikisana a mayiko angapo, ma Interchtage, nyenyezi zabwino kwambiri. Onetsani galu ndi Kuchokera ku Chingerezi chogwira - kasamalidwe. Chitsogozo choyimira galu pachionetsero. Wogwirizira amatha kukhala wa galu kapena katswiri waluso ndi chidziwitso chofunikira.
"> ogulitsa ndiwosangalatsa: amagwira ntchito limodzi ngati ovina kangapo, ndizosangalatsa kuwayang'ana. Ndipo lingaliro linanso: galu wowonetsedwa sakhala wolondola nthawi zonse kunja, koma nthawi zonse amakhala owoneka bwino kwambiri mphete. Kupeza galu wotere ndikwapambana, koma amafunikirabe kuleredwa ndi kuphunzitsidwa, ndipo iyi ndi ntchito yambiri.Ngati mulibe mavuto azachuma, mutha kugula galu wowonetsedwa wopangidwa kale.
Galu woweta (kuswana) ayenera kusankhidwa mosamala. Ngati uyu ndi mtsikana, sayenera kukhala wocheperako, makamaka osati kuchokera ku zinyalala zazing'ono, zokhala ndi thupi labwino komanso miyendo yolimba, mafupa abwino komanso thanzi labwino. Chuma - mawonekedwe abwinobwino a mtundu komanso kusakhala ndi zoperewera zazikulu. M'mawu, liyenera kukhala ndi mutu wa CAC, komanso CACIV. Galu, kuwonjezera pa zonse pamwambapa, ayenera kukhala ndi mtundu wokongola, mutu woyenda ndi mtundu wamtundu wotchulidwa. Nthawi zambiri abambo ogulitsa mawonekedwe okhala ndi mutu wa Young Champion, Champion cha dziko limodzi kapena zingapo amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo choyenera kwambiri ndiye mutu wa Interchampion.
Sikovuta kusankha galu wakunyumba, banja ndi ana (ziweto) - ndikukwanira kuti mumakonda makolo anu powoneka ndi mawonekedwe, ndipo mwana wamkaziyo alibe mavuto azaumoyo. Nthawi zambiri, galu wogula wotsika mtengo amatha kupezeka ngakhale m'matumba kuchokera kwa makolo omwe ali ndi dzina: amatha kukhala galu wodabwitsa, koma wokhala ndi mitundu yambiri yoyera (mtundu) kapena mawanga ochepa kwambiri (oyera). Zowona, pankhani yomalizayi, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti mwana wagalu alibe vuto lakumva, masomphenya komanso kuti samadwala. Itha kukhala ndi kuluma mwamphamvu kapena ngakhale pang'ono. Ndiye kuti, zolakwika zodzikongoletsera zomwe sizimakhudza thanzi komanso mtundu wa nyama mwanjira iliyonse, koma zimapangitsa chiwonetsero chake ndi kuswana ntchito kukhala kosatheka. Ana agalu oterewa ndiotsika mtengo kuposa abale ndi alongo awo, koma izi sizingakhale zowopsa monga mnzake ndipo zimabweretsa chisangalalo komanso zabwino.
Agalu osaka ayenera kugulidwa kokha kuchokera kwa makolo omwewo: sangakhale ndi mawonekedwe owonetsera, koma pafupifupi ali ndi malingaliro osaka mwamphamvu ndi malingaliro ena agalu osaka. Zingakhale bwino kuitana mlenje wodziwa kusankha ana agalu posaka.
Ngati mungaganize zokhala ndi mnzanu wa miyendo inayi, sankhani Jack Russell Terrier ndipo simulakwitsa! Mpweya wopitilira uwu umathandizira nthawi zonse zoyesayesa zanu m'masewera olimbikira ndipo umakhala mphete yeniyeni.
Inna SHTONDA,
katswiri wapadziko lonse lapansi, mphunzitsi wophunzitsa.
П-к "Kuchokera Likulu Loyamba".
Zithunzi zoperekedwa ndi wolemba
Kuuma
Zosatheka, kwenikweni, zimachokera ku chiyambi cha mtunduwu. Jack Russell Terrier ndi galu wodziyang'anira wokha yemwe amatha kupanga zisankho, kutenga udindo, kutenga zoopsa, ndikukakamira. Nthawi zonse, akamva lamulo kuchokera kwa inu, Jack amawunika momwe zinthu zilili, ngati kuti akuganiza kwakanthawi: “Kodi mumavomereza malamulo anu amasewera? Kodi ndiye kuti ndiye kuti ndi koyenera? " Sikuti amangomvera inu, koma amasankha ngati angafune. Zikuwoneka kuti aliuma ndipo akukana kumvera. Ngati muli ndi Jack wamkulu yemwe amalemera gulu lanu lililonse, zimatanthawuza kuti kuyambira paubwana simunathe kukhazikitsa chiwongolero chanu pa iye, monga mtsogoleri wanyamula. Popewa kuuma, khalani pachiyanjano ndi ana agalu kuyambira masiku oyamba, monga galu wamkulu, khalani ndi luso lomvera mu galu, mumuphunzitse kulamula, osadikira mpaka atakula.
Figitives
Ngakhale amakonda mwiniwake, Jack Russell nthawi zambiri sangathe kuwongolera chikhumbo chake chofufuza dziko kapena kusaka. Kukhala pang'onopang'ono poyenda paki, amatha kupanga nthawi yayitali kuti athawe ndikudikirira nthawi yayitali kwambiri, pomaliza, mwiniwake amulekere. Ndipo izi zikadzachitika, ndiye kuti palibe kuyimbidwa kwa eni ake omwe angaimitse othawa kwawo!
"Ziweto"
Mosiyana ndi chikhulupiriro chofala, a Jack Russell Terriers sakhala agalu okokosera kwambiri, komabe, Jack, wongokhala kunyumba nthawi yayitali zitha kukhala zosadabwitsa kwa anansi anu. Jackie samakonda kulalatira anthu, koma mphaka woyandikana naye yemwe akuyenda pa khonde lanu kapena njiwa pa pawindo akhoza kudzutsa chisangalalo chachikulu mwa iye!
Kukula kwa khungwa ndi gawo lina la Jack Russell wina, chifukwa pali agalu omwe ali ndi chisangalalo chambiri.
Mbiri Yachidule Kwambiri
Mbiri yakale ya a Robert Russell Terrier idayamba zaka za m'ma 1800 ku UK, komwe kudakhala galu. Jack Russell ndi amene adachokera kwa Mbusa John Russell, omwe abwenzi ake amamutcha Jack. Iye anali wokonda kusaka, anali kugwira ntchito yosamalira nkhandwe, wotchedwanso nkhandwe, ndipo kwa nthawi yayitali anayesa kubereka galu woyenera kusaka nkhandwe.
Atangoyenda, m'busayo adawona galu yemwe, m'malingaliro ake, ali ndi mawonekedwe a mlenje woyenera, ndipo adanyengerera mwiniwake kuti adzagulitse. Ali ndi dzina loti Trump. Oimira onse amakono a Jack Russell Terrier ndi Parson Jack Russell Terrier amachokera galu uyu.
A John Russell, komanso otsatira ake, adafuna kubweretsa galu wopopera, womwe nthawi yomweyo amatha kupita ndi maola ambiri atanyamula mitu ndi osaka akavalo. Galu ayenera kukhala wanzeru kuti athe kugwira gululo lodula ngati pakufunika kutero, komanso moyenera, amatha kucheza ndi agalu ena ndi akavalo. Kwa nthawi yayitali, mtundu wa agalu omwe adasinthidwa kusaka nkhandwe zamtchire, udabadwa, ndipo mtundu uwu umatchedwa Parson Jack Russell Terrier. Kusaka mahatchi atasiya kukhala mafashoni, obereketsa adayamba kulabadira kuswana anthu azolowera zazifupi kuti azitha kuyenda mosaka m'matanthwe. Ndipo kokha mu 1971 mtunduwo udalembetsedwa mwalamulo ngati a Jack Russell Terrier.
Pakadali pano, a Jack Russell Terriers sagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati agalu osaka, koma ndi abwenzi abwino a eni eni.
Kutafuna
Agalu amakonda kutafuna. Muubwana, amatafuna chifukwa cha kusintha kwa dzino. Akuluakulu amatafuna chifukwa amakonda njirayo. Zachidziwikire, simungafune nsapato kapena mipando kuti ikhale mutu wa kutafuna kwa Jack wanu. Patsani ana agaluwo zoseweretsa zotafuna, komanso mafupa apadera a kutafuna, komanso kulemera kwawo m'masitolo azitsamba. Ndipo yesani kuletsa kulowa kwa nsapato kwa Jack (ingosiyani kutali). Ngati ngalandeyo yanyamula nsapato zanu, musamuyipire. Kusokoneza chidwi chake ndi chidole, ndipo akayamba kutafuna, mumtamande. Ndipo khalani owolowa manja pakuyamika.
Kuda nkhawa chifukwa cha kusungulumwa
Kulongosola kumodzi kwa mkhalidwe wosayenerera wa Jack Russell Terrier ndi kuda nkhawa kuchokera kudzipatula. Izi zimachitika limodzi ndi magulu akuluakulu ndi ana agalu. Mukabweretsa mwana wakhanda kunyumba kwanu, mumamupatula kwa abale ndi alongo ake. Samazolowera kukhala yekha, popanda kucheza ndi amayi komanso amayi. Mwachibadwa, muziyembekezera kuti angalire komanso kusungulumwa, makamaka mukachoka kunyumba. Pofuna kudzisokoneza ndi china chake, m'dziko lino Jack amatha kutafuna mipando, mabatani, nsapato, kukumba upholstery, kusiya mapala ndi milu, kulira ndikulirira. Samachita izi chifukwa amafunitsitsa kukugwirirani kapena kukulangani. Amangofotokoza mantha ake kuti mwina musabwererenso. Momwemonso, munthu wachikulire Jack amatha kukhala ndi vuto la kusungulumwa ngati vutoli lakhazikika kuyambira mwana. Makhalidwe ake owonongeka amatha kubweretsa kuwonongeka kwambiri mu nyumba, chifukwa cholimba ndi mphamvu ya mano ndi mano achikulire. Kukhonya kwake mokweza kapena kubangula kumabweretsa mavuto kwa anansi. Chifukwa chiyani? Inde, chifukwa Jack akuyesera kutuluka mnyumbamo ndikupezani. Amachita zinthu zofunikira kuti akwaniritse cholinga chake. Mukabwerera kunyumba ndikuwona chisokonezo, chidwi choyamba ndikulanga chiweto chanu. Koma ichi ndiye cholakwika kwambiri. Chifukwa pamenepa, Jack wanu adzakhala ndi nkhawa kudikira kuti mudzabwerenso, koma nthawi yomweyo sadzasiya kuda nkhawa za kuchoka kwanu ndikupanga chisokonezo - ndiye kuti muli pagulu loipa.
Nawa maupangiri kuti muchepetse mantha anu a kusungulumwa:
- Musanachoke, tengani Jack wanu kuti ayende mtunda wautali.
- Mupatseni malo abwino oti azikudikirirani.
- Musiyeni iye chidole chofinyira chatsopano komanso mafupa otafuna otsekemera. Mukabwerera, chotsani chidacho ndikuchipa mukachokapo.
- Siyani wailesi kapena CD yatsegulidwa
- Mukachoka, musagwirizane ndi kufunikira kwa izi m'malo mwanu - musamupsompsone kuti mumukhululukire, makamaka mupite chete.
- Ena amathetsa vutoli popanga mnzake kwa Jack wawo.
- Ikhoza kukhala galu wina. Ndipo koposa zonse, ngati mungathe kukhala ndi ma Jacks awiri nthawi imodzi.
Kuopa phokoso lalikulu
Ma Jackies ambiri, komanso agalu, amawopa phokoso lalikulu, zozimitsa moto, mabingu. Nthawi zambiri aliyense amakhala ndi mantha awa paubwana, koma amazimiririka ndi ukalamba. Ngati mwana wanu akuwopa phokoso lalikulu, osawonetsa nkhawa, musayese kumugwetsa. Pakadali pomwe mudzaopa mantha a chiweto chanu, mudzamuyitane nanu, kumenyedwa, kutamandidwa. Koma mulimonse momwemo musam'limbikitse, musamuyankhe. Aloleni awone kuti ndinu odekha osawonetsa chisangalalo. Luso limodzi lofunika kwambiri lomwe muyenera kuphunzitsa Jack anu kuyambira paubwana: pamavuto, ayenera kuthamangira kwa inu, osatinso kwa inu, kuti, pochita mantha ndi kuwalonjera kapena kuwombera, sangathamangire kulowera kumene sakudziwika. Phunzitsani mwana wanu wamkazi maluso awa kuyambira masiku oyamba m'nyumba.
Zimachitika kuti phobia uyu samadutsa ndi zaka. Osayesanso kudzikonza nokha. Uwu ndi mkhalidwe wobadwa nawo mwanjira yomwe ukhoza kukhazikitsidwa ndi katswiri, ndipo kuyesayesa pawokha kumangokulitsa vutoli.
Kusiyana pakati pa Jack Russell Terrier ndi Parson Russell Terrier
Jack Russell Terrier ndi Parson Russell Terrier ndi ofanana, ali ndi chiyambi komanso mbiri yakale, ndipo zosiyana ndizochepa, ndizofunikira kwambiri kutalika. Parson ali ndi mutu wautali komanso chifuwa chachikulu, thupi lalikulupo.
Malinga ndi mtundu wamba, kutalika kwa kufota kwa Parson Russell Terriers ndi 30-36 masentimita.Jack Russell nthawi zambiri amakhala wamtali wa 30. Poyerekeza ndi Parson, Jack Russell ayenera kukhala wautali kuposa wamtali, pomwe palon ndi yemweyo. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu ndikuti ndizapafupi.
Zaumoyo
Monga mitundu ina yodula, thanzi limadalira udindo wa obereketsa ndi omwe akupanga. Nthawi zambiri amathandizidwira ndalama zaposachedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mtunduwo ukhale wosavomerezeka.
Galu wathanzi ali ndi chimodzi mwazitali kwambiri zoyembekeza moyo, kuyambira zaka 13 mpaka 16, komanso pali milandu ya zaka 18.
Mwa zina mwa matenda omwe amabadwa ndi mtundu wa matenda: Matenda a Perthes (matenda a femur ndi m'chiuno molumikizana), kufinya kwam'kati.
Chifukwa chiyani agalu akuwatsata?
Mukapita ndi chimbudzi chanu kupita kuchimbudzi, iye amatanganidwa osati ndi nkhaniyi, komanso ndi chinthu china chofunikira kwambiri: kusankha gawo lake. Pakati pa agalu, iyi ndi njira yofunika yolumikizirana. Onani momwe Jack wanu wowombera pansi ndi miyendo yake ndikuyika malowo ndi mwendo wake. Adangosiya uthenga kwa abale ake: "Ili ndiye gawo langa ndipo ndikuyang'anira pano." Zonsezi ndikusangalala kuyang'ana mpaka Jack atayamba kuwonetsa ukulu wake mnyumbayo ndikulemba zinthu zofunikira: miyendo ya matebulo, mipando, ngodya za sofa. Ena amasiya muluu, nthawi zonse amakhala m'malo otchuka. Chifukwa chiyani "zoyipa" zomwe mumakonda? Mwambiri, zimachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwazomwe zimachitika mnyumba, mwachitsanzo, munthu watsopano adabwera ndi fungo la galu wina, wachibale watsopano, padziwoneka nyama yatsopano. Chifukwa chake Jack adatsimikizira kuti ndi wamphamvu. Momwe muyenera kukhala? Inde, lolani kuti chiwetocho chimveke kuti simukukhutira kwambiri ndi zomwe akuchita (koma pokhapokha "mutamugwira" pamalo opalamula, osati pambuyo pachitidwe chomwe chachitika). Mupatseni malo omwe angachisiye ma tag ake osavomerezeka. Pangani pallet yokhala ndi mzere ndikutamanda Jack pomwe adzalembe mzerewu.
Mukabwera kudzacheza ndi Jack wanu m'nyumba yomwe ili ndi galu wina, iye ayesayesa kukhazikitsa ulamuliro wake, amange ngodya za nyumba ya munthu wina. Kuti mupewe kuchita manyazi chotere, musalowetse agaluwo m'nyumba, koma pamsewu. Aloleni amuluke wina ndi mnzake, akweze miyendo yawo momwe angafunire, kenako ndi kuwatsogolera kulowa m'chipindacho.
Kukumba
Agalu ambiri amakonda kukumba ndi kukumba akakhala kunja. Izi ndichizolowezi. Chikhazikitso chakukumba chilipo mu mtundu uliwonse, mosasamala kanthu. Chifukwa chake, agalu akale adadzipangira bedi la udzu ndi masamba, asanakhazikike usiku. Jackie adachita bwino pantchito zamtunduwu. Zomwe zimayambira zimapangitsa Jack kukhala wolemba bwino kwambiri. Pali zochitika zodabwitsa pamene a Russels adakumba dzenje lakuya kotero kuti iwonso adakumba. Amakumba ngati akununkhira mbewa kapena makoswe, ngati akufuna kuyika fupa lawo kapena chidole, ngati akufuna kukumba dzenje lozizira ndikubisala kuti lisatenthe. Tsoka ilo, ntchito zamtunduwu zimapatsa eni eni ake zokhumudwitsazi, makamaka pamene mabedi awo okondedwa kapena mabedi okongola amaluwa omwe ali ndi maluwa osowa sapezeka. Nthawi zambiri, upholstery wa mipando yamtengo wapatali amakumbidwanso.
Zoyenera kuchita, mukufunsa, kodi izi ndi nzeru? Kodi muyenera kupirira? Ayi komanso ayi! Muyenera kutsatira njira yokonzanso. Khalidwe lililonse la galu limakhazikika ngati silitsatiridwa ndi vuto linalake, ndipo ngati lingalimbikitsidwe ndi chilimbikitso, mayendedwewo amakhala okhazikika kwa moyo wonse. Kuyambira ndili mwana, musalole kuti ana agalu azikumba. Osamunyoza chifukwa cha izi, koma mwanjira zonse zofunikira onetsani kuti simumazikonda. Mupatseni njira ina, isokonezeni iye kukumba, sinthani ku ntchito ina.
Zochititsa chidwi ndi Jack Russell Terriers
Ngakhale kuti mtundu uwu unayamba zaka mazana awiri zapitazo, chaka chilichonse umakhala wotchuka kwambiri. Mfundo zingapo zosangalatsa zikuthandizani kuti muphunzire zambiri za mtundu uwu:
- Jack Russell Terriers, chifukwa cha mtundu wawo wowala, amawunikira dzuwa lowopsa ndi dzuwa mwachangu kwambiri, motero eni nyengo yanthawi yofundira ayenera kukhala ndi masiketi oteteza dzuwa ku dzuwa.
- Kutalika komwe Jack Russell Terrier amatha kudumpha kuposa kutalika kwake kasanu kasanu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mtunda wamtali 30 cm umatha kudumpha mpaka 1.5 metres.
- Woimira mtunduwu wotchedwa Boti mu 1982 adakhala galu woyamba kusintha kuchokera ku North kupita ku South Pole. Zowona, sanachite izi yekha, koma ndi ambuye ake, ofufuza aku Britain a Ranulf ndi Ginny Fiennes.
- Jack Russell Terrier wotchedwa Vampire mu 1977 ku UK adayika mbiri padziko lonse lapansi - adawononga makoswe chaka chimodzi.
- Oimira aberekawo ndi amodzi mwa agalu khumi omwe ali ndi nzeru zambiri. Amatha kupanga zofanizira posanthula deta ndikusankha njira yabwino. Ichi ndichifukwa chake agaluwa nthawi zambiri amapezeka muutumiki pamiyambo kapena apolisi.
Wodziwika bwino
Muyezo waposachedwa wa IFF umapereka izi:
- Chigoba chimakhala chathyathyathya.
- Mphuno yake ndi yoyera, yakuda bii, yopumira mphuno.
- Maso ndi ang'ono, ofiira, osawoneka amondi, owoneka mozama.
- Makutu ndi othandizira, ang'ono, atapachikidwa pamtima. Ayenera kukhala ndi maupangiri ojambula V. Makutu a jack Russell terriers amabwera m'mitundu iwiri: atapachikidwa kapena "mabatani".
- Nsagwada zamphamvu ndi mano amphamvu ndi kuluma lumo.
- Khosi ndilolimba, lalitali mokwanira.
- Thupi limatha.
- Kumbuyo ndikulimba, kowongoka.
- Chifuwa ndi chakuya, osati chachikulu.
- Miyendo ndi yolimba, yotupa.
- Zilonda zazing'ono, zazing'ono, zowongoka, zokhala ndi mapepala otanuka ndi zala zolimbidwa mwamphamvu.
- Mchira wokhazikika, wowongoka kapena wowongoka pang'ono kumutu, wokutira m'munsi. Itha kuyimitsidwa mpaka 13 cm kuti enawo agwidwe molunjika.
Ndizosangalatsa! Kutalika kwa mchira woguditsidwa muchisangalalo kuyenera kufanana ndi kutalika kwa makutu a galu.
- Malinga ndi mtundu wa ubweya, mitundu yotsatana iyi imasiyanitsidwa: Tsitsi losalala, lokhala ndi waya komanso wamkati (mu Chingerezi - wosweka, ndiye kuti wosweka).
- Mtundu - oyera ndi malo owoneka bwino.
Dwarf Jack Russell Terrier
Pakadali pano, mutha kupeza zotsatsa zogulitsa ana agalu, kapena mini-jack Russell terrier.
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, malinga ndi muyezo, kukula kwa ma jack russels kutengera jenda kuyenera kukhala 24-30 cm, kulemera kwa 5-6 kg. Komabe, obereketsa ena adayamba kuwonetsa Jack Russell Terriers a mtunduwo - ndi kulemera kosaposa 3 kg. Amateur obereketsa amzaka Jack Russell Terrier akuti iyi ndi mitundu ina ya mitundu, koma mwanjira imeneyi mitundu yotereyi ilibe.
Inde, nthawi zina ana amatha kubadwa ang'ono kwambiri, koma nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kubadwa msanga kapena matenda obadwa nawo. Chifukwa chake, kupeza woyimira pang'ono wa mtunduwu, mwiniyo ayenera kukhala wokonzekera kuti chiweto chake chikhala ndi thanzi lofooka ndipo sangathe kuchita nawo ziwonetsero kapena kuswana.
Izi ndizofunikira! Kutalika kwa moyo wa mini jack russell ndi kangapo kochepera muyezo.
Mtundu ndi mtundu wa ubweya
Kutengera mtundu wa ubweya, nthumwi zoyimira zimagawidwa m'mitundu iyi:
- Otsuka tsitsi: Chovala ndi chachifupi, cholimba, chosalala, choyenera thupi ndipo chimakhala ndi chipika chamkati,
- Tsitsi lakuthwa kapena latsitsi lalitali Jack Russell Terriers: Tsitsi limatuluka mbali zosiyanasiyana, limakhala lozungulira ndipo limapangika nsidze ndi ndevu zazing'ono kumaso,
- brocken (mtundu wapakatikati): tsitsili silikuwoneka ngati lopindika, ngati la tsitsi la tsitsi la Russell
Ndizosangalatsa! Ndikotheka kudziwa mtundu wa chovala palibe kale kuposa miyezi iwiri, chifukwa ana agalu okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya malaya nthawi zambiri amabadwira zinyalala zofanana.
Malinga ndi muyezo, mtundu wolondola wa Jack Russell Terrier uli ndi mitundu itatu yokha:
- chakuda ndi choyera - mawanga akuda pazithunzi zoyera,
- oyera-ofiira - ofiira ofiira a jack Russell, mawanga ali pamaso oyera, omwe mtundu wake ungasinthe kuchoka pamtundu wakuda mpaka wofiira,
- tricolor - mawanga akuda ndi ofiira pazithunzi zoyera.
Mwa anthu osankhidwa ndi mtundu uliwonse wamtundu womwe watchulidwa pamwambapa, zoyera sizitha kukhala zosakwana 50% ya malo athunthu a khungu, ndipo mawanga azikhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira osalumikizana.
Ndizosangalatsa! White Plain Jack Russell Terriers ndi osowa kwambiri. Zotupa zokhala ndi utotowu sizimayenerera paziwonetsero chifukwa chosowa pigment.
Zizolowezi zoipa
Cholinga chachikulu cha zizolowezi zoyipa za Jack Russell Terrier ndi kuchepa kwa kupsinjika kwa thupi ndi kwamaganizidwe. Mavuto onse azikhalidwe amathandizo amatha kuwongolera kapena kupewa chifukwa chophunzitsidwa bwino komanso maphunziro.
"Makhalidwe oyipa" ambiri pakati pa jack russellas:
Oimira mtundu amakondera kwambiri kutuwa, kuchoka pakung'ung'udza kumakungwa oyaka. Jack Russell amatha kuchita izi popanda komanso, zomwe zingayambitse mkangano ndi oyandikana nawo. Nthawi zambiri, ziweto zimagunda kuchokera pakusowa, kotero muyenera kumukopa mwachangu ndi thonje kapena mawu. Galu akaleka kupindika, uyenera kumutamanda kapena kumuchitira zabwino.
Kuyambira masiku oyamba mwana wa khwangwala kukhala kunyumba, muyenera kumufotokozera kuti mtsogoleri ndi ndani m'banjamo. Jack Russell Terriers nthawi zambiri amakhalauma, osafuna kumvera, ngati mwiniwake kuyambira pachiyanjano chawo sakanatha kupanga gulu lowonekera. Ndipo agaluwa amatha kukhala ouma mtima kuti akope chidwi cha eni.
Kufunafuna kwa nyama zina, mbalame, njinga ndi anthu omwe ali ndi jack russelli m'magazi, ndiye muyenera kum'phunzitsa malamulo oyenera, komanso kuti musalole kutaya malo okhazikika.
Zoyambira za obereketsa amtunduwo adaziikira chizindikirocho ndikuwapangira iwo wokweza wabwino. Khalidwe ili liyenera kuyimitsidwa, kuyambira ubwana woletsa mwana kuti agule, komanso kumusokoneza ndi china chake.
Agalu a mitundu yonse ndi mibadwo amakonda kutafuna pa zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Kuti galu asawononge zinthu, muyenera kum'patsa zoseweretsa kapena mafupa apadera, komanso kumulipira.
Jack Russell Terrier ndi ana
Jack Russell Terriers ndi abwino kwa ana ndipo amasangalala kulankhulana ndi onse omwe ali ndi eni ake komanso alendo. Zowona, galu sayenera kungosiyidwa yekha ndi ana osaposa zaka 3 - galu sangalolere kumanguna mwamphamvu kapena kugwirira mosasamala ndipo amatha kuwombana, kuwopseza mwana. Ndikofunika kuphunzitsa chiweto kuti mwana ali ndi regimen, apo ayi galu akhoza kumudzutsa panthawi yolakwika yamasewera komanso kulumikizana. M'mabanja okhala ndi ana, malo otetezawa amakhala nthawi yonse yozungulira poyembekezera masewera atsopano komanso zosangalatsa.
Jack Russell Terriers ndi mtundu wosagonjetseka wa agalu. Amatha kukhala popanda mavuto mnyumba komanso m'nyumba. Zowona, ndi zomaliza zamtunduwu, ndikofunikira kupatsa chiweto chokwanira. Ndi ma terriers omwe amagwira ntchito, mumayenera kuyenda kwa nthawi yayitali - pafupifupi ola limodzi kawiri patsiku, kumakhala nawo masewera agalu.
Kusamalira tsitsi la oimira mtunduwo ndikosavuta - ndikokwanira kuphatikiza anthu atsitsi losachedwa sabata iliyonse ndi mitche yapadera ya mphira, ndipo ziweto za mitundu ina za ubweya zimayenera kupetedwa miyezi itatu iliyonse. Ubweya wamtunduwu umatha kukhala wodziyeretsa, chifukwa nthawi zambiri safunika kusamba - ndikofunikira kuchita izi katatu pachaka, komanso musanawonetse.
Izi ndizofunikira! A Jack Russell Terriers-atsikana ayenera kumatsuka kutentha.
Popewa, maso amatha kupukuta ndi thonje lomwe limviikidwa m'madzi otentha otentha. Mano amayenera kupindika nthawi ndi mano, komanso kupatsa galu mafupa apadera. Makutu amayenera kufufuzidwa sabata iliyonse kuti awonongeke ndikutsukidwa ndi poto ya thonje yoviikidwa mu mafuta odzola apadera. Zovala zimayenera kudulidwa pamwezi ndi osasuta.
kusankha mwana wa mwana wa Jack Russell Terrier, muyenera kuphunzira zolemba za makolo ake, kuti muwone momwe akuwonera. Mukamasankha mwana wa ana, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti azisamalira maonekedwe ndi machitidwe ake - mwana ayenera kukhala wathanzi komanso wakhama. Ndikofunika kuti musankhe galu m'khola lodziwika bwino kapena kwa woweta wozindikira yemwe amasamala za dziwe la gene komanso maphunziro a ziweto zawo.
Mtengo wa mwana wa ana agalu wokwanira wokhala ndi zolemba zonse ndi wokhala nawo pafupi adzakhala rubles 35,000. Ana osagwiritsa ntchito pedigree adzagula ruble 10,000-15,000. Mtengo wa ana agalu umakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mzinda wogula: mwachitsanzo, ku Moscow ndi St. Petersburg adzagula kangapo kuposa m'mizinda ina ya Russia.
Jack Russell Terrier Weight and Height Table ndi Mwezi
M'badwo womwe galu amasiya kukula ndi wa aliyense pa mtundu uliwonse. Jack Russell nthawi zambiri amakula akafika zaka 11-12. Kuti muwone kukula kwa galu, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa kulemera kwake komanso kutalika kwake mu chaka choyamba cha moyo: gwiritsani tebulo pansipa:
M'badwo, mwezi | Kulemera makilogalamu | Kutalika, masentimita |
---|---|---|
1 | 0,7–1 | 8–9 |
2 | 2 | 10 |
3 | 2,5–3 | 11 |
4 | 4 | 12 |
5 | 4,1 | 13 |
6 | 4,3 | 15 |
7 | 4,5 | 17 |
8 | 4,6 | 19 |
9 | 4,7 | 20 |
10 | 4,8 | 22 |
11–12 | 5–6 | 25–30 |
Izi ndizofunikira! Ma paramu omwe awonetsedwa patebulopo komanso kukula kwake kwa ana agalu amatha kusiyanasiyana ndi 0.5 cm kapena magalamu angapo. Ngati magawo a Jack Russell Terriers akukwera kapena kulemera kwenikweni, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi veterinarian.
Kuyambira mwezi umodzi ndi theka mpaka miyezi inayi, makanda amakula kwambiri, amakula msanga komanso kulemera, motero chakudya chokwanira chopatsa thanzi ndichofunikira pazinthu zawo zomwe zimakula. Ngati nthawi imeneyi mwana amasamukira ku nyumba yatsopano, poyamba kumakhala kofunika kudyetsa kamwana ndi chakudya chomwe obereketsa anampatsa. Mwana akamakhala bwino, mutha kusintha mtundu wa kudyetsa. Ngati mwiniyo asankha njira yachilengedwe yodyetsera pakadali pano, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa pang'onopang'ono zakudya zowonjezera mu zakudya za ana agalu.
Pa Jack Russell Terrier kwa miyezi 4, kukula kwa thupi ndi ziwalo zamkati kumapitilizabe. Pakadali pano, mano a mkaka wa tchire amagwa ndipo okhazikika amakula, ndipo mapangidwe a ubweya amapezekanso. Kuyambira miyezi inayi mpaka isanu ndi umodzi, zakudya zomwe zili pachakudyazi zimakhalabe chimodzimodzi, koma kuchuluka kwa chakudya kumachepa ndipo kuchuluka kwake kumawonjezereka.
Kuyambira wazaka 6 mpaka 12, ana agalu amakula pang'ono - panthawiyi mafupa awo amakhala olimba ndipo minofu yake imachuluka, kotero zopatsa mphamvu za calorie ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya zitha kuchepetsedwa pochepetsa kuchuluka kwa chimanga choperekedwa kwa chiweto.
Jack Russell akudyetsa tebulo kwa miyezi yambiri pamoyo woyamba ndi mndandanda watsiku ndi tsiku:
Miyezi mibadwo | Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku | Chiwerengero cha odyetsa |
---|---|---|
0–1 | Mkaka wa m'mawere | 7–8 |
1–2 | Mkaka, chakudya chouma, msuzi | 7 |
2–3 | Nyama yophika yamitundu yamafuta ochepa, chimanga, masamba, zipatso, mkaka | 6 |
4–5 | Nyama, chimanga, masamba, mkaka, zipatso | 4 |
6–12 | Nyama, nsomba, mbewu monga chimanga, zamasamba, zamkaka, zophika dzira, zipatso | 3 |
Izi ndizofunikira! Galu akafika zaka zakubadwa, ziyenera kusamutsidwa ku zakudya ziwiri patsiku.
Kusamalira mwana wa Jack Russell Terrier kuyambira pomwe awonekere mnyumbamo akuyenera kuchitika malinga ndi malamulo ena:
- malo a mwanayo azikhala kutali ndi kutentha ndi kukonzekera,
- M'pofunika kuti mugulitse ana zoseweretsa ana okwanira pafupi ndi bedi lake, komanso mbale, leashi, muzzle, miluza
- Mwana wazaka za Jack Russell Terrier akhoza kumangoyenda pakadutsa,
- mpaka chaka, jack russellas yaying'ono sayenera kutsika masitepe chifukwa chowopsa kuwonongeka kwamalowedwe,
- Ana agalu amatha kumayenda pokhapokha atapatsidwa katemera wofunikira,
- mutha kudzutsa mwana popanda vuto, chifukwa kugona ndikofunikira kuti mapangidwe ake amanjenje
- mpaka ana a miyezi 5 a Jack Russell sayenera kusiyidwa yekha - pazaka izi sangathe kulekerera kusungulumwa, pozindikira kuti ndi chilango.
Izi ndizofunikira! Ndi ana agalu simungathe kusewera masewera monga "nkhondo yankhondo" - izi zingapangitse kuti kulume kolakwika.
Katemera ndi chizolowezi chamatenda
Jack Russell Terriers amaonedwa kuti ndi mtundu wokhala ndi thanzi labwino, komabe amatenga matenda ena "oyambira":
- chifuwa
- dysplasia m'chiuno,
- matenda ashuga
- matenda amtima
- mphira
- kusamuka kwa patella
- Matenda a Perthes (chotupa cha mutu wachikazi),
- kubadwa ogontha.
Kuphatikiza pa njira zonse za chisamaliro kuyambira ali aang'ono kwambiri, ndikofunikira kutemera oimira mtunduwo. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta jack Russell Terrier timalandira chitetezo cha mkaka m'mawere, koma timatha pafupifupi miyezi iwiri. Pakadali pano, muyenera kupatsa ana agalu Katemera woyamba, zomwe zisonkhezera zoyipa zisanachitike.
Izi ndizofunikira! Katemera asanachitike, veterinary ayenera kupereka kwa eni zambiri za dzina la katemera ndi nthawi yomwe ntchito yake yathere.
Katemera wa ana agalu amtunduwu amachitika mosamalitsa malinga ndi dongosolo. Katemera wa Jack Russell Terrier pofika zaka zidzapangitsa moyo kukhala wosavuta kwa obereka wosadziwa zambiri:
M'badwo | Matendawa |
---|---|
Masabata 8-9 | Carnivore mliri (mliri), leptospirosis, hepatitis, parainfluenza, parvovirus enteritis |
Masabata 12-14 | Mliri wa Carnivore, leptospirosis, hepatitis, parainfluenza, parvovirus enteritis + matenda a chiwewe |
Miyezi 12 | Mliri wa Carnivore, leptospirosis, hepatitis, parainfluenza, parvovirus enteritis + matenda a chiwewe |
Mtsogolomo, chiweto chimalandira katemera chaka chilichonse ndi katemera wovuta ku matenda a chiwewe komanso matenda ena owopsa.
Zabwino zazikulu ndi zovuta za mtundu
Eni ake a ma terriers, kuwonjezera pa zizolowezi zoyipa za ziweto zawo, amakumana ndi mavuto otsatirawa a mtundu wa Jack Russell Terrier. Koma mosakayikira, mtundu uwu uli ndi zabwino zambiri.
Ubwino | Chidwi |
---|---|
Kutha kukhalabe m'nyumba yaying'ono, chifukwa cha kukula kwake | Kufunika kokayenda mwachangu komanso kwautali |
Kukhala anzeru | Wosintha molimba mwa anthu atsitsi losalala |
Maphunziro abwino | Anyamata a Jack Russell Terrier nthawi zambiri amakhala ankhalwe kwa agalu ena. |
Osadzikuza | |
Chitetezo chabwino |
Ndizosangalatsa! Jack Russell Terriers nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala a canis - amathandizira kukonza mkhalidwe wa ana omwe ali ndi vuto la ubongo, matenda amkati ndi zina.
Jack Russell Terrier, ngakhale ali ndi zizolowezi zake zoipa, adzakhaladi wokonda kwambiri banja lonse komanso mnzake wapamtima wa ana. Eni ake amafunika, kupatula chisamaliro chokhacho, kuti azigwiritsa ntchito ziweto zawo, amakonda kusewera, kumangocheza ndi iye.
Akuba abwenzi apamtima
Kukonda anthu ndi chikhalidwe cha Jack Russell Terriers. Ichi ndichifukwa chake malo osakhazikika amenewa ndi osayenera kwenikweni ngati alonda! Iwo adzanyambita wobisika aliyense kuti afe! Izi zithandizanso kuti sizingakhale zothandiza kwambiri pakuyenda wamba, popeza Jackie amakhulupirira anthu kwambiri komanso mosangalala amakumana ndi aliyense, mosasamala kanthu za malingaliro omwe munthu angakhale nawo.
Ubweya woyera konsekonse!
Jack Russell Terriers amabwera m'mitundu itatu ya ovala. Mtundu uliwonse umakhala ndi zabwino zake ndi zopweteka zake. Tsitsi lalifupi ndilosavuta kusamalira ndipo silifunika kusamalidwa kwapadera, mosiyana ndi ubweya wolimba, womwe umayenera kubudulidwa nthawi zonse.
Komabe, tsitsi la tsitsi la James Russell limasunthira molt kuposa ena anzawo ovuta! Chifukwa chake, kudzikonzera nokha "ma sutiethi", khalani okonzeka kuti nyumba yanu yonse izakutidwa ndi tsitsi lalifupi, lomwe limatha kuwoneka pachilichonse! Inde, kuyeretsa pafupipafupi komanso kutsuka kwa vakuku mwamphamvu kudzachepetsa zinthu, koma dziwani kuti eni ake a Jacks amatha kusiyanitsa pakati pagulu ndi tsitsi loyera pazovala zawo!
Izi, ndiye zonse zomwe titha kukuwuzani za mbali yakuda "ya Jacks." Ngati zomwe zili pamwambazi sizikuwopsyezeni, ndiye kuti mulandireni kudziko lathu - dziko lapansi lokonda zodabwitsazi