Izi ndi nsomba zazikulu komanso zamtendere. Amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osanjidwa ndi mawonekedwe a matupi awo, opindika kuchokera kumbali. Mtundu waukulu ndi imvi-beige. M'munsi mwa thupi mumakhala malo amtundu wakuda. Pansi pa chipinda cha caudal pamakhala malo aang'ono ozungulira. Iris ndi yofiira, koma kutengera mitundu ya nsomba, imatha kukhala golide kapena lalanje. Pompopompo m'maso muli malo amdima. Nsomba zikamakula, chibwano chamafuta chimakhazikika pamakhosi awo. Kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi ndi kofatsa. Kugonana kwa nsomba kumatha kutsimikizika kokha musanathenso masiku ochepa musanatulutse, pomwe opanga amawoneka otchedwa papillas. Amuna, ma vas deferens amafanana ndi mawonekedwe a mbedza yomwe imakhota kumutu. Ma oviduct achikazi ndi owongoka, pafupifupi 1 cm.

Pansi pazachilengedwe, kukula kwa nsomba kumafika 30 cm, m'malo am'madzi kukula kwawo ndi kocheperako ndipo kuli pafupifupi 15 cm.

Chifukwa choti nsomba zamawonekedwe akuda zimapezekera ku Huara, ndikofunikira kuziwasunga mu aquarium pagulu laling'ono la nsomba 6-8. Samadziyo ayenera kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwa malita 250 pamadzi amodzi, pomwe gulu la nsomba lifunika madzi okwanira malita 400. Mwa nsomba zomwe zili pasukulupo pali olembetsa okhazikika - wamkulu wamwamuna amatsogolera sukulu, ndiye ufulu wa bolodi ndi wa mkazi wake, kenako amuna ang'ono ndi akazi awo amapita. M'malo otetezeka kwambiri ndi nsomba zopanda awiriawiri. Mutha kusunga ma ouara mu malo wamba okhala ndi nsomba zamtendere zokha.

Nsombazi ndiz amanyazi kwambiri, kotero mu aquarium muyenera kuyika malo ambiri osiyanasiyana momwe mungathere monga nkhono, grottoes, miyala, etc. Kuwala komwe kumakhala mu aquarium sikuyenera kukhala kowala kwambiri. Monga dothi, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito miyala yoyera ya mtundu wakuda. Aquarium ayenera kuphimbidwa ndi chivindikiro, apo ayi nsomba zimatha kudumpha mosavuta.

Nsombazo ndizopatsa chidwi; Kuphatikiza kwabwino pazakudya zawo kudzakhala sipinachi ndi masamba a masamba. Nsomba zazikuluzikulu zimayenera kudyetsedwa kamodzi patsiku. Kumbukirani kuti simuyenera kuperekanso chakudya chambiri kuposa katatu pa sabata. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mbewu zilizonse zam'madzi sizipezeka konse chifukwa, chifukwa nsomba zawo zidzadya.

Madzi ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunika izi: kutentha 26-28 ° C, kuuma dH 5-18 ° dGH, acidity pH 6.0-7.5. Nsomba zimakonda kwambiri madzi komanso zomwe zimapangidwa ndi nayitrogeni. Pankhaniyi, kusefedwa kopitilira muyeso ndi madzi a madzi, komanso gawo lake lamlungu ndi limodzi la gawo limodzi / 1, liyenera. Ndikofunika kuti muziyika magawo a peat mu fayilo ya fayilo yamadzi.

Vapors mawonekedwe okha panthawi yobereka. Munthawi imeneyi, yamphongo imakhala yolimba kwambiri, koma nthawi zambiri nsomba zambiri zamtundu wina (ngakhale zing'onozing'ono) zimatha kuukira ouara ndikuziwongolera kutali ndi malo omwe zimakonda.

Cichlazoma wakhungu lowoneka bwino wafika pamiyezi 16-18;

Izi nsomba ndi zina mwa mitundu yomwe kupindika kwake ndizovuta kukwaniritsa pansi pamadzi am'madzi, ndipo izi zimachitika makamaka chifukwa cha zovuta pakupanga kwa awiriawiri opanga. Pazifukwa izi, ndi bwino poyamba kupeza gulu la nsomba zazing'ono, zomwe pakapita nthawi zimapanga magulu awiri.

Kubalalitsa kumatheka. Nsomba zongofalikira amasankha malo amdima kwambiri m'madzi. Awiri opanga amaikidwa mu malo owerengera omwe ali ndi madzi pafupifupi malita 100. Nsomba zimasankha malo omwe amatuluka ndikuyamba kukumba dzenje pansi. Chomwe chimakulimbikitsani kufalikira ndikuwonjezereka pang'onopang'ono kutentha kwa madzi mpaka 30 ° C (pH 5.0-5.5). Yaikazi imaponyera mazira pamiyala yosanja kapena pamtunda wa chomera. Mukutulutsa, amasesa mazira mazana angapo amitundu ya lalanje. Makolo amasamalira caviar, kuiphimba ndi zipsepse ndi kumaswa mazira osabereka.

Caviar imagwiridwa masiku awiri. Pambuyo pa mphutsi, makolo akuwasamutsira kudzenje lomwe kale lomwe anakumba pansi. Pakupita masiku angapo, mwachangu amayamba kusambira pagululo lamagulu ndikudya. M'masiku oyamba amoyo, mwachangu amachotsa chinsinsi cha michere ya michere m'thupi la makolo. Pakatha pafupifupi sabata, mwachangu amatha kupatsidwa nauplii artemia. Ndikofunikira kudyetsa kangapo patsiku. Ndikudya koyenera, mwachangu amakula msanga, ndipo kukula kwawo sikosiyana - m'litali amakula pang'onopang'ono kuposa kutalika.

Kutalika kwa moyo wa khungu lamtambo wakuda m'madzi am'madzi ndi zaka 8-12.

Malo achilengedwe

Kutchire, anyani akuda amakhala kum'mwera kwa America, ndipo amakhala m'madzi a Amazon. Anthu am'deralo amagwira nsomba mwakufuna kwawo ngati chakudya. Koma chifukwa chofalikira pafupipafupi komanso kuchuluka kwa ana, kuopseza kuti nyamazo zitha.

Mawonekedwe

Huaru wakuda bii, ngakhale ndi wa banja la acichlid, alibe chilichonse chofananira ndi oyimira ena powoneka:

1. Kukula kwake. Kutalika kwa thupi la munthu wamkulu kumafika pafupifupi 25 cm, m'malo achilengedwe, nsomba zimakula mpaka 30 cm.
2. Pa mmero mu nsomba za kutha, pali wen wamkulu.
3. Maonekedwe a thupi. Torso ili ngati chimbale, chopindika pang'ono m'mbali. Kugwera mchira.
4. Zipsepse - yayitali komanso yayikulu. Malekezero a anal ndi dorsal fin ali mu mawonekedwe a ray, amawonekera pang'ono.
5. Mtundu woyambira - imvi m'mitundu yakuda. Pansi pamimba pali malo akulu akulu amtundu wakuda. Ndi chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha ma cichlids ambiri. Maso a uaru amakonzedwanso ndi zakuda. Sipezeka kuti munthu amapaka utoto wobiriwira. M'malo mwa nsomba zotere, maso amakhala ndi utoto wofiira. Mwa achichepere omwe sanafike pa kutha msinkhu, mawanga ambiri amdima omwe alibe mawonekedwe osakhazikika amadutsa thupi. Mtunduwu umalola kuti nsombayo ikhale yosaonekeranso m'nkhalangozi. Zikamakula, mawanga awa amazimiririka, ndizokhazokha zazikulu zomwe zimatsala.

Kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi. Kuchulukitsa kwa nsomba sikufotokozedwa, chifukwa chake nkovuta kuti amateur kusiyanitsa pakati pa amuna ndi akazi. Chokhacho chomwe mungayang'ane kwambiri, mutha kuwona kuti anyaniwa ndi okulirapo pang'ono kuposa zazikazi.

Kuti uaru akhale momasuka mu aquarium, afunika kupanga malo oyenerana ndi chilengedwe:

1. Kusankha kwamphamvu. Kuchuluka kwa madzi am'madzi kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi malita 300 a nsomba. Amakonda kukhala pagulu laling'ono, motere, kuchuluka kwa malo osungiramo zinthu oyenera kukhala osachepera 400 malita.
2. Magawo: boma kutentha - kuyambira + 26 ° С mpaka + 28 ° С, acidity - kuyambira 5 mpaka 7 pH, madzi ayenera kukhala ofewa, olimba - kuyambira 5 mpaka 12 dGH.
3. Kusefedwa. Madzi mu thankiyo azikhala oyera nthawi zonse komanso dothi. Mu aquarium, fayilo yamphamvu yakunja iyenera kuyikiridwa. Kusintha kwamadzi sabata iliyonse.
4. Kuwala - omwazikana.
5. Maluwa --ofooka.
6. Kudulira - mchenga kapena miyala yaying'ono. Mbale kapena miyala kapena miyala yoyera iyenera kukhala yokwanira. Huara amakonda kukumba m'nthaka ndi mphuno zawo.
7. Zomera. Zokondera ziyenera kuperekedwa kwa moss, kubzala mbewu zokhala ndi masamba olimba kuchokera ku banja la Anubias. Mitundu ina ya mbewu siyingakhale ndi moyo ndi a Huara, momwe nsomba zimawadyera. Pakakhala mavitamini kapena chakudya chokwanira, nsomba zimathanso kudya mbewa.
8. Kukongoletsa - Pansi pa aquarium ndiyofunika kuyika miyala ya driftwood ndi miyala yayikulu. Kupanga malo abwino nsomba, mutha kuyika masamba owuma pansi. Koma ngati ilipo, madzi amafunika kusinthidwa pafupipafupi.

Kudyetsa

Chakudya choyenera chimayenera kukhala chosiyanasiyana komanso chokwanira, kupatsidwa mavitamini ndi mchere. Zonse zanyama ndi zamasamba ndizoyenera. Masamba - zukini, kabichi, nkhaka, masamba a saladi, ndiye maziko a menyu.

Kuchokera mu malonda awa kuti zakudya za ouaru ziyenera kukhala 70%. Malinga ndi malingaliro awa, ndizotheka kusunga zosachepera zina zazomera mu aquarium.

Kudyetsa kumachitika kawiri pa tsiku, m'magawo ang'onoang'ono.

Pakapita kanthawi, zotsalira za chakudya zimayenera kuchotsedwa pamadzi kuti zisadetse aquarium.

Huaru wopanda khungu (Uaru amphiacanthoides)

Uthenga nyusha Aug 22, 2012 9: 31 pm

Zambiri pa Uaru amphiacanthoides):

Banja: Cyclic (Cichlidae)
Chiyambi: South America (Amazon, Rio Negro)
Kutentha kwamadzi: 25-30
Chinyezi: 5.0-7.0
Chovuta: 1-12
Kukula kwa kukula kwa Aquarium: 16-20
Magawo okhala: pakati wotsika
Kuchulukitsa kotsimikizika kwama aquarium kwa munthu wamkulu m'modzi: 250 malita

Zambiri pa Uaru amphiacanthoides: Mitundu ya Uaru pakadali pano ili ndi mitundu itatu: Uaru amphiacanthoides ndi Uaru fernandezyepezi ndi Uaru sp. "Orange", omalizirawa ndi osowa kwambiri. Uaru amphiacanthoides amapezeka makamaka mumitsinje yamatchi okhala ndi mizu yambiri yamitengo, mabowo, pakati pomwe nsomba zimakhala zotetezeka, motero mu aquarium muyenera kupanga pafupi kwambiri ndi chilengedwe - kuchuluka kwakukulu, zikwangwani zabwino, makamaka (zooneka bwino kwambiri) madzi wowawasa. Madzi osakhala bwino, amakhala ndi matenda opatsirana komanso majeremusi. Zili zofanana pazinthu komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito discus, mwina zophatikizika. Komanso, chifukwa cha chilengedwe chamtendere, imathanso kusungidwa ndi ma scalars, geophaguses, metinnises komanso tetras. Huaru ndi cichlid wochenjera kwambiri ndipo amazindikira mbuye wawo.
Huaru amakhala ndi thupi lolimba kwambiri pambuyo pake. Akuluakulu amatha kukhala ndi chiwindi pamphumi pawo. Nsombazo zimakhala ndi kamwa yaying'ono, yokhala ndi mano ambiri ang'ono, owoneka pang'ono ndi maso akulu ndi irisi ya lalanje. Maluso a caudal amapanga mawonekedwe. Mtundu wa thupi umasiyanasiyana ndipo zimatengera msinkhu wa nsomba. Fish 3-5 cm kukula kwake, kwamdima, kolimba, kolimba komanso ma fins kuwala. Nsombazo zikafika kukula pafupifupi 10 cm, zimasanduka zofiirira, zokhala ndi mawanga owala. Kupaka utoto wa nsomba za maolivi ndi maolivi omwe amakhala ndi maolivi obiriwira ndipo thupi lonse limakhala ndi malo akuda. Mwaimuna, zipsepse ndi maina zimatsimikizika kuposa zazikazi.
Huaru samasankha chakudya, amadya chilichonse chomwe mumamupatsa, chimanga chamtundu wapamwamba ndi granules, wopanga ma tubule, nsumbu zamagazi, artemia. M'pofunikanso kupereka gawo lina lamasamba (saladi, nandolo wobiriwira, zukini). Sizigwirizana ndi mbewu, chifukwa zimadya izi.
Ndikwabwino kusungitsa gulu laling'ono la anthu 6-8 pamadzi, kuti nsomba zomwe zimatha kusankha wokwatirana naye. Wamkazi amayikira mazira pamiyala yosalala yopanda mazira 100 mpaka 1000. Munthawi yonse ya makulitsidwe, wamkazi amaphulitsa mazira. The mwachangu amadyetsedwa ndi nthumbu yomwe imaphimba thupi la makolo awo. Mukakula, mutha kupereka mwachangu artemia nauplii ndi ma flakes ophwanyika.
Chiyembekezo cha moyo wa Uaru amphiacanthoides ndi zaka 8-12.

Kuyanjana ndi anthu ena

Huara sangathe kutchedwa nsomba yofatsa komanso yosangalatsa, koma mwambiri, mawonekedwe ake sakhala ankhanza ngati ma cichlids ambiri. Komabe, malingaliro kwa oyandikana nawo amatengera kukula kwa thankiyo. Ngati malo alipo okwanira, sipakhala zovuta. Anansi oyimbikitsidwa:

Huaru ndi nsomba zamtendere. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizisunga awiriawiri, komanso gulu. Paketi, moyo wa uaru umvera malamulo a utsogoleri. Koma pa gulu la nkhokwe mumafunika malo oyenera okwanira.

Zambiri Zofalitsa

Zimakhala zovuta kubereka mawanga owoneka ngati akuda andende. Izi makamaka zimachitika chifukwa chovuta kusiyanitsa mkazi ndi wamwamuna.

Kuti mupeze ana okhala ndi chothekera chachikulu, ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi gulu la akazi osachepera 6 ndi wamphongo mmodzi.

Zikatero, awiriwa amapanga okha, popanda kuloweza mzambiri.

Kuphunzitsa ndi kufalikira. A aquarium yopambana imafunikira malo osungirako miyala osachepera 300 malita. Zolemba ndi malingaliro pa kuswana Huara:

1. Kutambalala - kumatha kuchitika m'madzi wamba. Yaikazi yoikira mazira imasankha malo obisika kwambiri.
2. Malo poyikira mazira ndi gawo laling'ono, momwe miyala imagwirira ntchito. Wamkazi ndi wamwamuna wokhala ndi mphuno zawo amakung'amba mapanga omanga.
3. Kukondoweza kwafupipafupi ndi kuchepa kwa madigiri a 1-2, kenako kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa madzi. Ndikofunikanso kusintha mulingo wa kusakhazikika.
4. Mbali yamakhalidwe a nsomba ikamabzala - amatha kutsata njira yobereka. Potere, mkazi amachita ntchito yaimuna.
5. Chiwerengero cha mazira pakubzala kamodzi - 500 ma PC.
6. Nthawi ya makulitsidwe ndi masiku atatu.

The nuances a kuswana. Ngakhale kuti nsomba zimasankha malo amdima kwambiri komanso osafikika kwambiri pomwe amatha kuwaza, pali chiopsezo kuti makolo angachite mantha ndikungodya caviar. Kutulutsa koyamba ndi nkhawa yayikulu kwambiri kwa a Huara. Chifukwa chake, sikulimbikitsidwa kwa nthawi yoyamba kuti muziwombera angapo mu tank losiyana.

Nsomba zikaona kuti azunguliridwa ndi oyandikana nawo omwe akuimira zoopsa zomwe zingachitike, izi zidzawalimbikitsa kuteteza ana awo. Kuti muteteze mazira kwa anzeru, mutha kuyika magawo mmalo mwaomanga.

Kusamalira ana. Patatha masiku 6 kubadwa kwa mwachangu kukhala wodziyimira pawokha. Amayamba kusambira chifukwa chobisala akusaka chakudya. Nthawi imeneyi, amafunika kudyetsedwa ndi ma cyclops, ma rotifers, artemia nauplii. Ngakhale mwachangu amafunika kupatsidwa chakudya cha mbewu - masamba letesi, dandelion.

Poyamba, mwachangu ndimtundu wakuda. Pang'onopang'ono imakhala ndi mawonekedwe achikasu oyera, oyera madontho thupi lonse.

Fryayi ikakula mpaka 5 cm, mtundu wawo umayamba kupanga ndipo uzikhala wofanana ndi akuluakulu.

Matenda otheka

Mukamapanga malo onse abwino mu aquarium, masamba owoneka akuda amasangalala kwa nthawi yayitali ndi mitundu yake yowala ndi zizolowezi zosangalatsa. Koma ndikofunikira kuphwanya magawo amadzi kapena kupanga cholakwika m'zakudya, chifukwa chakuti ouaru amatha kudwala:

1. Kuperewera kwa Vitamini. Matendawa amawonetsedwa ndi ulesi komanso kusasangalala, kusuntha pang'ono, kukana kudya. Kuphatikiza apo, discoloration imadziwika. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, mavitamini osakwanira. Therapy ndi kupewa kwina kumakhala kusintha zakudya. Vitamini-michere maofesi ndizovomerezeka. Ndikulimbikitsidwanso kudyetsa Huara ndi zakudya zamafuta zomwe zimakhala ndi mavitamini ndi michere.
2. Hexamitosis. Matendawa amadziwika ndi maonekedwe oyera m'mutu, kuda khungu, kutopa, kusowa kwa chakudya. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawo ndi matenda a majeremusi chifukwa cha madzi osalala. Nsomba zodwala ziyenera kutumizidwa kumalo ena osungira nyama osalephera. Chithandizo chimakhala kuphatikiza osamba ndi Erythrocycline (1 lita mpaka 50 mg) ndi Trichopolum (pa 1 lita 10 mg). Njira ya chithandizo ndi masiku 10. Mukamaliza kuthandizira, nsomba imayenera kusiyidwa mumtsuko wina kwa masiku angapo.

Zakudya za Ouaru

Mu vivo wamkulu zakudya Huaru 80 peresenti imakhala ndi zakudya zamasamba. 20% yotsalira ndi chakudya cha nyama.
Zakudya zokondedwa zam'madzi mu aquarium: duckweed, kabichi yophika, letesi, sipinachi, dandelion, maapulo osankhidwa, nkhaka, zukini wachinyamata.
Masamba obiriwira amasambitsidwa bwino, amatengedwa m'magulu ndipo amamangiriridwa kwa iwo katundu, woyikidwa mu aquarium. Monga lamulo, patapita nthawi yochepa, palibe amene amatsalira.

Chifukwa chosowa chomera m'zakudya, nthawi zambiri nsomba zimadwala matenda a avitominosis, omwe nthawi zina amawakakamiza kuti azikunkha nkhuni zomwe zikupezeka m'madzimo.

Mu 60-70s m'zaka zapitazi, pamene asitikali am'madzi amapezeka zakutchire kokha, komanso chifukwa chotchipa kwambiri, Huaru akhazikitsidwa ngati "discus for osauka."
Zonsezi zazing'ono ndi zazikulu zomwe zimagulitsidwa pamtengo wotsika 1/3 wa mtengo wamtchire, ndipo mawonekedwe awo ndi zikhalidwe zawo zinali zofanana.

Khalidwe Huaru ngati nthumwi ya banja la cichl.
Kuti musunge awiriwo mukufunikira ngalande yokhala ndi madzi okwanira malita 150. Kwa gulu laling'ono Huaru Ma aquarium osachepera 300 malita adzafunika, ndipo ndibwinonso ngati ndi mitundu. Kuuma kwamadzi kumatha kuyambira 6 mpaka 20, ndipo phindu la pH limachokera ku mayunitsi 6.2 mpaka 7.5.

Kutentha kwakukulu kwa Huaru, komanso discus, ili m'malo osiyanasiyana a 28-30 ° C, ngakhale nsomba zimatha kupirira kutsika kwakanthawi kutentha kwa madzi mpaka 20 ° C. Koma kuzunza izi kumakhumudwitsidwa kwambiri kuyambira pamenepo Huaru mosavuta kuzizidwa ndi chimfine.

Awiri a Huaru m'madzimo

Mwa matenda ena ofala kwambiri, hexamitosis kapena matenda abowo amatha kusiyanitsidwa. Amathandizidwa ndi trichopol (7-10 mg / l), ericycin (70-100 mg / l), mawonetserowa amatha masiku 7-14, pamtunda wa 32-36 ° С ndi madzi othandizira.

Huaru kudziwa zomwe zili mu nayitrogeni m'madzi, motero, mu aquarium nawo, ogwira biofiltration (makamaka kudzera peat), kusintha kwa madzi ndi nthawi ndi nthawi osachepera 30% ya buku la aquarium sabata iliyonse ndikofunikira.

Ngakhale mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, Huaru mwina osatengera chidwi ngakhale kwa oyandikana nawo ochepa. Nthawi zambiri amakhala m'misasa, kapena amakhala pagulu pakati komanso m'munsi m'madzi.
Popeza nsomba zimachulukana mwachilengedwe, zimakonda kudya maluwa am'madzi. Chifukwa chake, kubzala mbewu zokhala m'madzi momwemo sikumveka kuyambira posachedwa pomwepo kudyedwa. Kuunikira mu aquarium makamaka kuphatikiza.

Awiri amapangidwa pokhapokha patadutsa nthawi. Amuna pakadali pano Huaru khalani okwiya. Komabe, anthu ankhanza kwambiri a mitundu ina (ngakhale kutaya kwa iwo kukula) nthawi zambiri amawukira Huarukuwathamangitsa kutali ndi malo omwe amawakonda.

Kugonana kwamanyazi

Mitundu ya kugonana imakhala yofooka, mtundu wa oimira amuna ndi akazi onse ndi wofanana, koma amuna ndiwopusa, wokulirapo komanso wocheperako kuposa akazi. Ndikothekanso kudziwa kugonana ndi chidaliro kokha munthawi yophukira, pomwe amuna ali ndi mzere wozungulira, ndipo zazimayi zimakhala ndi ovipositor wamkulu, woboola pakati.

Kuswana kwa Aurora mu aquarium

Achikulire pakugonana Huaru khalani mchaka chachiwiri cha moyo, miyezi 16-18, kufikira nthawi iyi kukula kwa 18-20 cm.
Kuswana Huaru Madzi am'madzi ndi ovuta, koma chonsecho chimasiyana pang'ono ndi mitundu yacichlids ku South America.

Akuluakulu Huara ndi mwachangu

Kupambana kwake kumadalira 90% kutengera zosankhidwa za opanga, motero ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mukhale ndi achinyamata 8-10. Asanatulutse, nsomba zimayenera kudyetsedwa ndi nkhaka zowonda zatsopano kwa nthawi yayitali, kudya koteroko kumathandizira kusasitsa bwino kwazinthu zopangira kubereka.

Awiri omwe amapangika okha nthawi zambiri amawaza mu aquarium yomwe ilimo, ndikusankha malo okhala ndi mthunzi kwambiri.

Opanga amathanso kuikidwa pamalo ena owaza, kuchokera pa 100 cm kutalika ndi malo okhala, odzazidwa ndi madzi okhala ndi magawo otsatirawa: T = 27-30 ° C, dGH 2-5 °, pH 5.5-6.

Banja loyenda bwino nthawi ndi nthawi limadzipaka.

Gawo lomwe limaluka limatha kukhala mwala waukulu, mphika wamaluwa, kapena chinthu chilichonse chokhala ndi mawonekedwe osalala. Imodzi ndi kukonza kukonzanso gawo lapansi Huaru khazikani pansi.
Kutulutsa kumatha pafupifupi maola awiri.

Kukula kwakukulu kwa akazi kumakhala mpaka mazira 500 pakubzala kamodzi, nthawi zambiri ndi 150-300. Caviar ndi yaying'ono, chikaso chowala.

Makolo opangidwa kumene amatha kudya zipatso zoyamba. Njira yothetsera vutoli ikhoza kukhala kutumiza mazira kupita kwa chofungatira. Ndi opanga abwino omwe amasamalira ana awo mosamala, mwachangu amakula msanga kuposa chofungatira.

Zimachitika kuti chifukwa chosagwirizana pakusamalira mwachangu, mikangano imabuka pakati pa makolo. Poterepa, m'modzi wa opanga amayenera kuyikiridwa mu chidebe china.

Kutentha kwa 30 ° C, nthawi ya makulitsidwe imakhala pafupifupi masiku awiri. Opanga amatenga mphutsi ndi kuziyika mu dzenje lokonzedweratu pansi.

Patsiku lachitatu, mphutsi zimasonkhana m'gululo lokhala ngati tangle, munthawi imeneyi amakhala masiku enanso awiri, pambuyo pake, atasanduka mwachangu, amayamba kusambira mwachangu.

Monga discus, chakudya choyambira chimayamba Huaru amagwira ntchito ngati chinsinsi chomwe chimasungidwa pagulu la makolo onse awiri. Pomwe m'modzi waiwo akupumula, ndikupeza chinsinsi chopatsa thanzi, winayo amanyamula ana ake. Kusamutsa mwachangu kwa mnzake, Huaru akuwuka pamwamba pamadzi, pomwe mwachangu amasunthira kwa kholo lina.

Mwa anthu wamba a aquarium, kubisala kwa epitheli nthawi zambiri kumakhalapo kosakwanira kapena kosapezeka konse. Chifukwa chake, poyambira gawo loyamba amadyetsedwa ndi plankton yaying'ono kwambiri - ma rotifers, nauplii a brine shrimp kapena ma cyclops, pakalibe zakudya izi mutha kugwiritsa ntchito yolk yophika dzira kapena yolira yamadzi yokhazikika yopanga mwachangu (JBL).

Kukula wachinyamata Huara polimbana ndi chakudya

Akamakula, mwachangu amadya zakudya zanyama wamba: ma cyclops, daphnia, coronetra, ndi tubule.

Kuphatikiza pa zakudya zachikhalidwe, mu zakudya za ana Huaru duckweed iyenera kuphatikizidwa. Ali ndi miyezi itatu, zakudya zomwe amakonda zimasinthiratu, timapepala tamasamba tosapuntha, saladi kapena dandelion timakhala gawo lofunikira kwambiri pachakudya.

Mwachangu Huaru wopaka utoto wamtambo wa buluu wokhala ndi utoto woyera wonenepa thupi ndi zipsepse.
Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotheka kulera munthu wachikulire osaposa gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu aanthu onse achisanu.

Chifukwa cha zochitika zapadera zoswana Huaru ali mu ukapolo komanso ogulitsika pang'ono kuchokera ku Brazil, kuchuluka kwamadzi am'mitunduyi kukuchepa. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti mtengo wa cichlid wakwera kwambiri. Ngakhale Huaru ilibe mtundu wokongola kwambiri ngati wa discus, ndimaloledwa kukhala m'midzi yamadzi, chifukwa chovuta kubereketsa komanso kuchita zinthu zosangalatsa.

Pomaliza, ziyenera kudziwika kuti gulu la achikulire Huaru mu malo akuluakulu otetezedwa bwino, okhala ndi zokongoletsera ndi miyala, ndikuwunikiridwa ndi utoto wabwino.

Makhalidwe akunja

Wowoneka wakuda wokhala ndi mutu waukulu, maso achikasu otambalala amakhalapo, pakamwa pake ndi lalikulu, ndi milomo yolimba. Kufanana kwa thupi kumakhala koyenera, pang'ono pang'onopang'ono m'mbali, kutalika, kupindika mchira. Pa ziphuphu zakumaso ndi ma anal kumakhala timiyala tambiri tomwe timawoneka chifukwa cha chiwonetsero chachilengedwe cha malekezero. Zipsepse izi ndizitali, zowoneka bwino, ndimtambo wamtambo wabuluu. Mtundu wawukulu wa akulu ndi wakuda, nthawi zina pamakhala zitsanzo zosalala zoyera. Palinso nsomba zokhala ndi masikelo obiriwira obiriwira ndi mzere wakuda wakuda.

Tayang'anani pa nkhuni za mawonekedwe oyera.

Nsomba zokhwima zimakhala ndi chidindo chamafuta pang'ono pakhosi, ndi malo atatu amdima: awiri kumbuyo kwa diso, mchira, ndi pansi pa thupi. Kukula kwachinyamata kumakutidwa ndi mawanga ambiri a bulauni, omwe amawathandiza kutsata chilengedwe, kudziteteza ku ngozi. Kugonana kwamisala kumafotokozedwa pang'onopang'ono - kugonana kumakhala kosavuta kudziwa nthawi yomwe kumatuluka, pomwe wamwamuna amakhala ndi chimbudzi cha seminal choloza kumbali, ndipo wamkazi amakhala ndi ovipositor wooneka ngati peyala.

Huaru wokhala ndi mawanga akuda, monga ma cichlids ambiri, sioyenera kwathunthu kusungidwa m'madzi wamba, ngakhale atha kuphatikizana ndi ma cichlids akuluakulu ochokera kumitsinje yaku South America. Ili ndi sukulu ya nsomba, amakonda gulu la abale, omwe amamasuka nawo. Zomwe zimachitika zimawululidwa mu paketi, malo opangira ulemu amapangidwa. Nsomba zinayi zimafunika thanki ya 400-500 lita.

Nsomba zokhala ndi mawanga akuda zimakhala ndi thupi loyera, 20-30 cm. Chiyembekezo chokhala mu ukapolo ndi zaka 8-10. Nsomba zokhwima zamtunduwu zimakhala ndi khungu lofiirira; malo akuda amaoneka bwino pamenepo, chifukwa chomwe dzinalo lidatchulidwira.

Momwe mungasungire malo osambira

Ikani nkhono zokwanira, mapanga, grotto mu "nyumba" yamadzi ndikusiyani malo ambiri osambira kwaulere. Kuti muchepetse gawo, mutha kuyikapo miyala yoyimirira. Nsomba imodzi imafunikira malita 150-200 amadzi. Zomera zamadzimadzi zimadya Uuar, chifukwa chake muyenera kusamala mukamasankha zomera zamadzimadzi - chomera chokhazikitsidwa mbuto zamitengo yolimba (anubias, cryptocorynes, echinodorus). Sukulu ya nsomba imasambira pakati komanso pansi pamadzi.

Nsomba zimazindikira magawo a malo am'madzi: sizilekerera kuipitsa kwa nayitrogeni ndi ammonia, ndikusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha. Ikani fyuluta yamphamvu mu aquarium, chitani 40% ya kuchuluka kwa madzi kuchokera ku aquarium kamodzi pa sabata pa yatsopano ndi yatsopano, ikani compressor ndi aeration. Nsomba zamtchire zamtchire zimakhala m'madzi amtundu wa asidi olemera a 12 o, kotero kwa oyimira m'madzimo muyenera kutsatira magawo osaposa 14-15 o, acidity yamadzi ndi 6.0-7.0 pH. Madzi azikhala otentha, osachepera 22 digiri Celsius, boma lotentha kwambiri: 25-30 o C.

Pazinthu zolakwika, nsomba zokhala ndi mawanga zakuda zimatha kupeza kuchepa kwa vitamini ndi hexamitosis. Chifukwa chake, onjezani zakudya zamasamba muzakudya zanu - letesi, kabichi woonda, duckweed, masamba a dandelion, magawo apulo. Musaiwale zomwe zidadya kale - the tubifex, corvette, shrimp nyama. Mutha kupatsa nkhaka zowuma, squash, kudyetsa ndi spirulina algae, zomwe zimakhala ndi fiber yokwanira. Kudyetsa pakati, kawiri patsiku - m'mawa ndi madzulo, osanenepetsa ziweto zanu kuti chakudya chotsala chisawombere komanso kuti chisavunda.

Tayang'anani pamtundu wakuda wowoneka mwachangu.

Malamulo ak kubereka

Nsomba zimakhwima mwakugonana, mpaka zimafika pamiyezi 10 mpaka 12. Komabe, kubereka muukapolo kumafuna kuti malamulo ena atsatidwe. Choyambirira kudziwa ndikuti nsomba izi zimatha kutuluka mumadzi wamba, kusankha nesting, kona zametedwe kuti ziziswana. Ngati nsomba zamtundu wina zikakhala mu thanki, zimatha kukhala zowopsa mwachangu. Kutambalala kumatha kuchitika pambuyo pakuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa madzi ndi madigiri angapo (28-30 madigiri). Kuuma kwamadzi sikuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kuposa 8 °, acidity - 6.5-7.0 pH.

Msodzi wamkazi amatha kutengera zochita za mayiyo ngati mayi m'modzi walowa m'malo wamwamuna wamkulu. Amatulutsa mazira akuluakulu a 300-500, omwe amawaika pansi pa miyala. Caviar imagundidwa kwa maola makumi awiri ndi awiri, patatha masiku enanso atatu mwachangu ayamba kusambira payekha kufunafuna chakudya. Kuyambira poyambira - tiziwalo ta pakhungu la thupi la makolo, pambuyo pake amatha kupatsidwa mphutsi za artemia, ma rotifers, cyclops. Mwachangu masabata awiri azaka amafunika chakudya chomera - apatseni letesi ndi dandelion yoyatsidwa ndi madzi otentha. Makolo amasamalira ana awo okha.

Kukhala mwachilengedwe

Nsombayi idafotokozedwa koyamba mu 1840 ndi Haeckel. Cichlid amakhala ku South America, ku Amazon ndi m'milandu yake. Madzi m'malo oterowo ndi ofewa, ndi pH pafupifupi 6.8.

Nzika zakomweko zikuyigwira kuti izitenga madzi, koma izi sizowopseza anthu.

Mwachilengedwe, amadya tizilombo, mphutsi, detritus, zipatso ndi mbewu zosiyanasiyana.

Kufotokozera

Mukuwonekera kwakuda, thupi limakhala ndi mawonekedwe a disc, ndipo limafikira kukula kwama 30 cm mwachilengedwe. Koma mu aquarium nthawi zambiri imakhala yaying'ono, malinga ndi 20-25 cm.

Nthawi yomweyo, chiyembekezo chamoyo chokhala ndi chisamaliro chabwino chimafika zaka 8-10.

Anthu okhwima pakugonana amakhala amtundu wakuda, wokhala ndi malo akulu akuda m'mbali mwa thupi, pomwe amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi ma cichlids ena. Komanso malo akuda amatha kukhala mozungulira maso.

Zovuta pazomwe zili

Huara kale linkatchedwa "Discus for the Poor," chifukwa chofanana ndi discus ndi mtengo wotsika.

Tsopano nsomba izi zimapezeka, ngakhale sizipezeka nthawi zambiri pamsika. Sungani kuti asodzi am'madzi azidziwa kale, chifukwa mavuar ndi nsomba zofunikira komanso zovuta. Simalola kuti masinthidwe a magawo amadzi, komanso kuchuluka kwa zinthu zowola m'madzi.

Wosooka wokhala ndi chithupsa ayenera kukhala okonzeka kuyang'anira magawo amadzi ndikusintha madzi nthawi zonse, kuchotsera zotsalira.

Nsomba sikuti ndi yankhanza, ngati muisunga ndi nsomba zofanana, makamaka ma cichlids. Koma, lamuloli siligwira ntchito ndi nsomba zazing'ono, zomwe amaziwona ngati chakudya.

Komanso, ndibwino kuzisunga mu gulu, kapena angapo, chifukwa nsomba ndizosangalatsa kwambiri.

Kuswana

Kuswana kwa cichlid ndi kovuta kwambiri, mwina ndi chifukwa chake kagawidwe kakang'ono.

Choyamba, nkovuta kusiyanitsa mkazi ndi wamwamuna, chifukwa chake ngati mukufuna kubereka, ndibwino kukhala ndi nsomba 6 kapena kuposerapo, ndipo awiriwo adzitengera okha. Kuphatikiza apo, peyala yowerengera imafunikira malo owerengeka, kuchokera ku malita 300.

Ngakhale wamkazi amakonda malo amdima komanso obisika kuti akaikire mazira, sichimaletsa makolo ake, nthawi zambiri amawopa ndikudya caviar.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kubereketsa nthawi yoyamba mumadzi ambiri, chifukwa kutulutsa koyamba kumalumikizidwa ndi kupsinjika kwakukulu kwa iwo. Ndipo kukhalapo kwa oyandikana nawo kumayambitsa kuwoneka ngati kowopsa ndipo kumakakamiza nsomba kuteteza clutch.

Kuti asadye caviar pomwe makolo awo akusokonekera, mutha kuwononga chumacho mothandizidwa ndi kugawa gawo. Chifukwa chake, nsomba adzaona otsutsawo, koma sangathe kufikira mazirawo.

Yaikazi imayikira mazira 100 mpaka 400, ndipo makolo onsewo amamuyang'anira. Malek hatch mkati mwa masiku 4, ndipo amakula msanga, mpaka kukula masentimita 5 m'miyezi ingapo.

Ana ake amakhala ndi ntchofu zomwe zimapezeka m'matupi a makolo awo, motero si nzeru kuwabzala, makamaka ngati simudziwa.

Komabe, izi sizipeputsa chifukwa chakuti mwachangu amafunika kudyetsedwa, ndizosavuta kuchita izi popereka nauplii artemia.

Mwachangu ndi wakuda bii.