Awa ndi mbalame zomwe zimabzala, komabe, mbalame zina zimakhala zankhanza, zimathanso kuukira munthu wamkulu kwambiri kuposa iyemwini. Khazikikani pafupi ndi dziwe. Amagona pam mitengo, akumamatirira ndi manja awo kumapanga ang'onoang'ono, kuti asagwere. Amadya mwachindunji kuchokera ku nthambi, samadya chakudya m'matumbo awo. Nthawi zambiri mumabzala m'minda yazipatso, zowononga minda. Wabwino kwambiri ndikuuluka kwambiri. Zimakhala m'malo obisalapo, m'maenje opanda kanthu, pansi pazithunzithunzi za denga komanso m'makoma a nyumba zokhalamo.
Mawonekedwe
Zovala zachikondi ndi mbalame zazing'ono zazitali kutalika kwa 10 mpaka 17 cm ndipo zimalemera pafupifupi magalamu 50 kutengera mitundu ndi jenda. Mapiko a mapikowo ndi a 4cm kutalika kwake ndipo amakhala ozungulira kumapeto kwa mchira 6. Chingwe cha chikondi chili ndi miyendo yochepa komanso mutu waukulu. Mbalame zimakhala ndi mlomo wamphamvu wolowera.
Zofunika! M'mapulogalamu okondweretsa, mtundu woyambirira wa nthenga umatsimikiziridwa ndi awiriawiri a majini osagwirizana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuwonjezera pa zobiriwira wamba, mutha kupeza mbalame zoyera, zabuluu, zachikasu.
Mitundu yamapulogalamu achikondi ndi chithunzi
Maintaneti achikondi agawidwa m'magawo 9, omwe ali ndi mbali zakezake, makamaka zokhudzana ndi kufotokozera kwa zinthu zakunja.
- Collared (Agapornis swindernianus) - kutalika kwa thupi masentimita 13. Mbali yodziwika bwino ndi kolala yokhala ngati gulu loonda lalanje pakhosi lakuda. Mlomo uli pafupifupi wakuda. Chifuwa chimakhala ndi chikasu chachikasu, ndipo maula omwe amakhala pansi mchira wake ndi wabuluu.
Zovala zachikondi - chifukwa chake adatchedwa choncho
Sizinangochitika kuti mbalamezo zimatchedwa zachonde. Kwa nthawi yayitali anthu amaganiza kuti kaphikidwe kamene kali ndi chikondi ndimasankha kamodzi kamodzi kokha moyo. Wina wa mbalamezo akamwalira, ndiye kuti posakhalitsa, osatha kupirira kupatukana, winayo amatsatira. Mwakuchita, zonse ndizosiyana, mbalame yamasiye imatha kupanga ubale ndi mnzake watsopano wokhala ndi mutu.
Malo okhala chilengedwe
Kutengera mitundu ya nyama, mbalame zotchedwa mbalame za mbalamezi zimakonda kukhala m'nkhalango zotentha komanso zam'mapiri.
Malinga ndi malo, mbalame zotchedwa mbalame zooneka ngati chikondi zimakhala kumwera chakum'mawa, kumwera chakumadzulo ndi pakati pa Africa, komanso kukhala lolondola kwambiri:
- kolala - m'chigawo chapakati cha Africa komanso kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Africa.
- yophimbidwa - ku Kenya ndi ku gombe lakumawa kwa Africa ku Tanzania,
- ofiira nkhope - ku Ethiopia, Tanzania, Sao Tome, Sierra Leone,
- pink-tsaya - ku South Africa, ku Namibia ndi Angola,
- wamasamba - kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Zambia,
- nyama zokhala ndi mapiko akuda - m'nkhalango za ku Itiyopani ndi mapiri, komanso kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Africa,
- imvi - pazilumba za Madagascar, Zanzibar, Mauritius, ku Seychelles pazigamba zamiyala ndi deti,
- Liliana Lovebirds - m'chigawo chakum'mawa cha Zambia, kumwera kwa Tanzania komanso kumpoto kwa Mozambique,
- Maubwenzi achikondi a Fisher ali kumpoto kwa Tanzania.
Khalidwe ndi kuthekera
Parrot ya Lovebird imasinthana bwino ndi zikhalidwe zina, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu ndi anthu, odzipereka kwa eni ake. Wamanyazi, amatha kufa ndi mtima wosweka. Nthawi yomweyo, tambala amathanso chidwi. Ili ndi makumbukidwe abwino komanso anzeru kwambiri. Apeza khungu lake, limayankha dzina, amaliphunzitsa.
Iwo omwe nthawi zina ankamvanso mbalame zachikondi zikuimba mbalamezi. Kupatula apo, mawu a mbalame amawoneka osasangalatsa komanso mokweza kwa anthu ambiri, koma, zowona, samalira popanda chifukwa, ndipo amakuwa nthawi zambiri.
Mutha kumvetsera nyimbo za azimayi achikondi omwe ali muvidiyo iyi:
Kodi parrot akhoza kukhala yekha
Ngakhale ma parroti amatchedwa osagawanika, amatha kukhala okha. Koma popeza mbalameyo ikusambira, mwiniwakeyo atha kulumikizana ndi abale opanda tsitsi. Mukasankha kukola banja kuti likhale parrot, zinthu zingapo ziyenera kuonedwa, pomwe palibe chitsimikizo kuti adzapulumuka.
- Pamodzi, mbalame zokhazokha zomwe zimatha kukhalamo.
- Zovala zopitilira umodzi pachikomo chimodzi zilibe, pomwe ndizololeka kuti mbalamezo zinali zogonana.
- Ndikwabwino ngati zimbudzi ndi zaka zofanana, kapena wamphongo ndi wamkulu kuposa wamkazi (ngati awiriwo ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha), apo ayi mkazi wokhwima amatha kupha mwana wamwamuna mpaka kufa.
Momwe zimayendera
Ndikosavuta kuyika m'manja mwanu mwana wakhanda yemwe wabadwa ndikukula. Mbalame yachikulire, makamaka yogwidwa mwachilengedwe, sidzakhoza konse kupanga mbalame yopangidwa ndi dzanja. Kuthamanga kumachitika pang'onopang'ono, kuyambira pakuthandizira chiweto ndi zotchinga kudzera mu mipiringidzo, kenako m'malo osaloledwa mpaka parrot ikakhala m'manja mwa mwini.
Momwe mungaphunzitsire kuyankhula
Ma parrots a Lovebird atha kuphunzitsidwa kuti azilankhula mawu a 10-15, malinga ngati nthawi yophunzirayo wophunzirayo azikhala kutali ndi mbalame zina. Kuyesayesa kwanu kuphunzitsani angapo a chikondi kuti azilankhula nthawi yomweyo, alephera. Kuphatikiza apo, mbalame zophimbira izi zimaphunzitsidwa adakali aang'ono - mpaka mwezi umodzi.
Amakhala ovuta kulankhula ataphunzira kwa nthawi yayitali, choncho muyenera kukhala oleza mtima. Muyenera kufuula mokweza komanso momveka bwino mawu omwewo ndi mawu osiyanasiyana ndipo muchite izi pafupipafupi kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kugula ndi mitengo ya zovala zachikondi
Kugula lamba wachikondi ndikwabwino kuchokera kwa obereketsa wanzeru. Mukamasankha chiweto, amakhala ndi chidwi ndi mawonekedwe a parrot ndi ntchito zake - zikuluzikulu zaumoyo.
Ngati parrot ndi yaying'ono, ndiye kuti mtundu wake sudzakhala wowala - izi ndizabwinobwino. Miyezi isanu ndi umodzi pambuyo pake, molt woyamba ukachitika ku ma loveblue, ma pulogalamu awo amakhala mitundu yambiri.
Kutchuka kokhala kunyumba ndikotchuka kwambiri ndi nsapato za chikondi cha rose. Mtengo uliwonse pawokha sungadutse ma ruble a 2,5-3,000. Fisher ndi maskato ogulitsa ndalama zambiri.
Kuthana ndi vuto la momwe mungasamalire bwino ma parrots okonda ndi zosavuta, ngati mutsatira zinthu zingapo:
- sungani kutentha kwa mpweya mchipindacho ndi chiweto chokhala ndi mbewa pafupi 20-25 ° C,
- Pewani zojambulajambula, chinyezi chambiri kapena mpweya wouma. Ikani chinyontho ndi kusungitsa chinyezi pamlingo wa 50-60%,
- tengani khola ndi zophimba kumweya wabwino panthawi yotentha,
- mbalameyo iyenera kugona kwa maola 15, kotero mu chilimwe, khola liyenera kuphimbidwa ndi cape usiku, kufupikitsa maola masana.
Kodi mbalame zachikondi zimagona bwanji nthawi yachisanu usiku ukatenga nthawi yambiri masana? Kwa mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe, kuchuluka kwa kugona ndi kugona kwake sikuyenera kusinthika. Kuti muchite izi, ikani nyali ya UV pamtunda wa 1 mita kuchokera ku khola - gwero lina la zowunikira.
Kukonzekera kwa khungu
Danga la utuchi kapena mchenga wamtsinje, womwe kale unkayatsidwa mu uvuni, umathiridwa pansi pa chipindacho. Kuphatikiza apo, zotsatirazi zimayikidwa mu khola:
- 2 odyetsa ndi akumwa m'modzi payekha,
- mitengo yamatabwa yotalika 1.5 mpaka 2 cm iliyonse,
- zoseweretsa zapharaphala okonda chikondi: zingwe, kusuntha, masitepe, mphete ndi zina zambiri.
Zakudya
Zomwe mungadyetse parrot ya lovebird kunyumba, ndizosakanikirana za tirigu (zabwinobwino kwa 1-2 tbsp. L. Tsiku lililonse). Mutha kugula zosakaniza zakupanga zakapangidwe za opanga akunja kapena kuphika nokha pazinthu zotsatirazi:
- chimanga,
- mbewu za oat
- chimanga chophwanyika
- mapira,
- mbewu ya canary
- mpendadzuwa,
- zipatso zouma ndi mtedza (mwanjira yaying'ono).
Kuphatikiza apo, mbalame zophika zimapatsidwa masamba abwino, zipatso, zipatso ndi zitsamba tsiku lililonse. Zogulitsa nyama: tchizi chamafuta ochepa komanso dzira lowiritsa limaperekedwa kamodzi pa sabata. Lovebird imatha kupera mulomo ndi mitengo yazipatso. Komanso, choko, makala kapena kukonzanso mpweya ziyenera kupezeka nthawi zonse.
Zofunika! Maubweya wachikondi sayenera kudya ma avocados, mango ndi ma supimmons, zipatso zokhala ndi maswiti, zakudya zotsekemera ndi khofi.
Maphikidwe amphika amathiridwa mu feeder madzulo, nthawi yomweyo tsiku lonse. Kudyetsa masamba ndi zipatso kumachitika m'mawa. Amayikidwa mu chakudya chosiyana, chimasinthidwa ndi chatsopano masana ndipo zotsalazo zimachotsedwa kwathunthu usiku.
Kusamalira ndi ukhondo
Kusamalidwa komwe kumakhala ndi zotsatira zopindulitsa pa miyoyo ya mbalame zotchedwa loverird kunyumba, pakati pazinthu zina, kumakhala kachitidwe kotsukidwa. Sabata lililonse, ndowa, zodulira ndi zoseweretsa zimatsukidwa ndi madzi otentha a sopo, amathiridwa ndi madzi otentha ndikuwuma bwino. Odyetserawa amayeretsedwa tsiku lililonse musanadzaze ndi gawo latsopano la chakudya ndi madzi.
Pankhani ya momwe mungasambitsire parbbine wa chikondi (chomwe ndi chofunikira kwambiri pakukonzekera bwino ndikusamalira thanzi): tsiku ndi tsiku nthawi yachilimwe komanso kawiri pasabata.
Mbalameyi imasamba kapena kusamba kwina, yodzazidwa ndi madzi oyera opanda sopo akuya masentimita awiri, kapena lakuya pansi pa mpopi. Kutentha kwenikweni kwa madzi osamba ndi 27 ° C.
Kufalikira kunyumba
Miyezi yotentha komanso yoyamba yophukira imadziwika kuti ndi nthawi yabwino yokwanirana, ngakhale abambo achikondi omwe afika chaka chimodzi amatha kubereka chaka chonse. Asanakhazikitse zovala zachikondi, zinthu zabwino zimapangidwira banja: amapatsidwa chakudya chama protein, maola owonjezera amawonjezedwa mpaka maola 14-15.
Nyumba ya chisa imayikidwa mu khola pakatha theka la mwezi, komanso nthambi zowonda zimayikidwa, pomwe mkaziyo amapotoza chisa. Pamenepo adzagona mazira 4-8; atatha masiku 20, anapiye, akhungu ndi agonthi kuchokera kwa iwo. Pakatha masiku 10, mbalame zachikondi zidzatseguka, pakatha mwezi umodzi zimadziwombera ndipo patatha sabata limodzi zidzachoka kunyumba yogona. Makolo adyetsa khandalo kwa miyezi iwiri, kenako mbalamezo ziyambitsidwa.
Momwe mungadziwire jenda ndi zaka
Mutha kudziwa mtundu wa mbalamezo, ndikuwona momwe mbalame zachikondi zimawonekera ngati mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe, ndiye kuti, mwa zizindikiro zakunja kutengera mtundu, komanso kudziwa zinalenje:
- ngati mutayang'ana parrot pamwambapa, mutu wa mwamunayo umawoneka kuti ndi wokhazikika komanso wosalala,
- wamkazi ndiwofulumira komanso woyankhula kuposa wamwamuna,
- Ngati pepala liponyedwa m'chimbudzi cha mbalame, yamphongo imachita nayo chidwi, ndipo mkaziyo amayamba kudula tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi kuyika pansi pa mchira wake. Chifukwa chake amasungitsa malo osungira mtsogolo.
Kukula kwa achikulire sikusiyana ndi achichepere, chifukwa chake msinkhu sungadziwike ndi chizindikiro. Koma Nazi njira:
- anapiye mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, nthenga zobiriwira zimakhala ndi imvi, zomwe zimazimiririka ndikukula.
- Khungu pamwamba pamilomo ya mbalame zotchedwa zinkhanira limakhala lofika miyezi itatu,
- Ana ali ndi miyendo yowala komanso yosalala, yomwe imayamba kumakhala yamdima ndi zaka,
- M'miyezi ingapo yoyambirira, ana achikondi adakulitsa ana ndipo pafupifupi amadzaliratu ndi azungu amaso,
- mpaka miyezi itatu, mabwanawe ali opanda malire, amawuluka bwino.
Maupangiri ena ochepa amomwe mungadziwire mtundu wa zovala zachikondi zomwe muphunzire pa vidiyoyi:
Matenda ndi Kuteteza
Matenda ofala kwambiri omwe ali mu parroti ogwidwa amaphatikizapo:
- matenda opatsirana,
- kugonjetsedwa ndi nkhupakupa ndi mankhusu,
- helminthic nkhondo,
- avitaminosis,
- kunenepa,
- gout
- poyizoni,
- molt wosasintha
- mikwingwirima, ma dislocations, frattures, etc.
Kuopsa kwa zovala zachikondi ndimaso. Chifukwa chake, kutupa kwa matope, kuvulala kwamaso popanda chithandizo choyenera kumapereka zovuta, mpaka khungu. Zoyenera kuchita ngati mtundu wa lovebird uli ndi gawo loyambirira la glaucoma, ndi veterinary yekha ndi amene angadziwe, sizovomerezeka kuchitira chithandizo chodziimira pawokha.
Popewa matenda owopsa angapo, anapiye a mbalame zowoneka bwino ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi iwiri ayenera kupatsidwa katemera mwezi uliwonse mpaka mbalame zitafika zaka 5 zakubadwa. Pakatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, mutha katemera wodwala matenda a chiwewe koyamba, ndikuwabwezeranso pambuyo pake.
Chiyembekezo chamoyo, zimayambitsa kufa
Ambiri a mbalame zotchedwa lovebird amakhala ndi chisamaliro choyenera kunyumba - ndipo osachepera pafupifupi zaka 15, ndipo nthawi zina zochulukirapo, palibe m'modzi wamtunduwu yemwe amakhala mwachilengedwe. Kuthengo, kutalika kwa mbalameyo kumakhala kokwanira kupitirira zaka 10 chifukwa chosowa chakudya ndi madzi panthawi yachilala, ndege zambiri, kuteteza madera ake pomenya nkhondo, kuukira kwa zilombo komanso kuthana ndi zinkhwawa ndi alimi.
Ndemanga za eni
Ma lovebirds, kuweruza ndi kuwunika kwa eni ake, amalungamitsa dzina lawo ndipo mwamtheradi sangakhale nthawi yayitali pokhapokha. Kampaniyo imatha kupanga ngati mnzake wokhala ndi tsitsi kapena bwenzi, komanso munthu.
Omwe sanakonzekere kukhala ndi mbalame zingapo nthawi imodzi ndipo alibe nthawi yambiri yogwiritsira ntchito chiweto chawo angaganize zogula budgie kapena Corella mmalo mwa lovebird. Mitundu iyi imakhala yosungulumwa kwambiri. Zina zonse za mbalamezo zomwe zimakonda kwambiri mbalamezi sizikhala zobvuta, ndizosamalidwa, chakudya, ochezeka, osangalala komanso ochezeka.
Kusankha, kuyika ndi makonzedwe a maselo
Ngati mukukonza bwino chisamaliro cha mbalame zotchedwa lovebird, ndiye kuti mbalame zanyimbo zokondweretsa zimakhala m'nyumba. Ndipo zilidi choncho! Kupatula apo, pano akumva bwino, palibe chomwe chikuwopseza, ali ndi thanzi labwino. Amadyetsedwa, kuthiriridwa, kuyang'aniridwa kuti akhale ndi moyo wabwino. Monga lamulo, pansi pa chisamaliro chosamala cha mwiniwake, mbalamezo zimakhala nthawi yayitali.
Koyikapo?
Khola limagwira ntchito yayikulu pokonza ndi kusamalira mbalame zachikondi kunyumba. Kapena m'malo mwake, kusankha kwake, kuyika ndi makonzedwe. Inde, ndikofunikira kuyiyika pamalo oyenera. Ziyenera kukhala malo otentha, abata, odekha komanso odekha. Kuphatikiza apo, ziyenera kupezeka kuti titha kumayandikira popanda mavuto. Kupatula apo, pochita chisamaliro choyenera, mwininyumbayo mosakaikira adzafuna kusewera, kucheza ndi chikondi. Onani ngati zonse zili bwino ndi iye. Inde, ndipo kudyetsa kwabwinobwino kumatha kukhala kovuta ngati selo sililiikidwa bwino.
Makulidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Tsopano pafupi miyeso. Khola liyenera kukhala chachikulu mavoliyumu. Mmenemo, wophika azitsegula mapiko ake ndi kuyenda. Kupanda kutero, ma rickets ndi zoletsa zakutukuka sizingapeweke. Chifukwa chake, kukula koyenera kwa khungu kwa banja - 500 cm masentimita 100. Ngati mapulaniwo ali ndi lingaliro lobereketsa mbalame, ndiye kuti muyenera kupereka khola lalikulu. Kuswana moyenera, kuberekanso zovala zachikondi sikungachitike m'malo ochepa.
Njira yabwino kwambiri yosakira khola chosabwezeka pansi posamalira mwachangu. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti musagwiritse ntchito nthawi yayitali komanso nthawi pakusintha mapepala kapena mchenga pamodzi ndi chimbudzi cha mbalame.
Yang'anani! Kufikira pansi pa cell magazini kapena manyuzipepala sangathe kuikidwaakamasindikiza zojambula kapena zithunzi. Chifukwa cha izi, kuledzera kwa mbalame kumatha. Kusamalira moyenera kunyumba kwa mbalame zotchedwa lovebird kumatanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito pepala loyera.
Ndikofunikira kusankha khola la makonaosati ndi zopota zozungulira. Ngakhale anthu amafunikira ngodya zawozawo kuti athe kutolera malingaliro awo ndikupumula kwa maso amtengo. Chimodzimodzinso paroti. M'maselo omwe ali ndi ngodya, amatha kubisala, ndikuchotsa zovuta zomwe zikuchitika komanso ngozi.
Selo iyenera kukhala ndi zochepa mtunda pakati pa ndodo - kuchokera pamodzi mpaka theka sentimita. Ndikwabwino kuti amapangidwa ndi chitsulo, pulasitiki kapena plexiglass. Ndikosayenera kugula maselo amkuwa, lead kapena zinc.
Zomwe ziyenera kukhala mkati?
Tsopano pokhudzana ndi kapangidwe ka khungu. Munthu amene amasamalira zovala zachikondi ayenera kukumbukira kuti payenera kukhala angapo odyetsa. Nthawi zambiri khalani ndi awiri. Tikukulangizani kuti mugule zinthu zopangidwa ndi zinthu monga plexiglass ndi ceramics.Chowonadi ndi chakuti iwo amasamba mosavuta ndipo chifukwa chake amasavuta kusamalira zovala zachikondi. Komanso pezani zokonda zotsegulira chakudya. Mashelufu bwino kukhazikitsa ndi zochita zokha.
Perch awiri ayenera kuyikika, yopangidwa ndi matabwa kapena pulasitiki (njira yoyamba ndiyabwino). Mutha kudzipanga nokha kuchokera ku msondodzi, birch kapena masamba a apulo.
Kuphatikiza pa zinthu zoyambira selo, ziyenera kuyikidwanso zoseweretsa mwanjira ya masinthidwe, zingwe, mabelu ndi masitepe. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa wachikondi wapanyumba kusankha zovala zopangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zachilengedwe.
Zambiri pazodzikondera
Dziko lanyumba zachikondi ndi gawo lalikulu la Southeast ndi Southwest Africa. Mutha kukumana ndi mbalame zowala ku Madagascar komanso kuzilumba zazing'ono zingapo zapafupi. Amakonda kukhala pafupi ndi madzi, amasankha m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi nyanja zomwe zimakutidwa m'nkhalango zotentha.
Kutalika kwa nsapato zachikondi ndi kocheperako - 10-17 masentimita, amadziwika kuti ndi mitundu yapakatikati. Mapiko ndi mchira wake ndizifupi. Mutu ndi waukulu, thupi limagwirizananso. Maonekedwewo ndi osangalatsa - khungu lenileni limasinthidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mutu, khosi, chifuwa. Mitundu yambiri yamtundu imachokera.
Mlomo wake ndi waukulu, waukulu. Mbalame imatha kuluma kwambiri. Ziwawa ndi zazifupi, zamphamvu. Khalidwe la nsapato zachikondi ndilosakhwima, kwachangu, modzikuza pang'ono. Kuwona mbalamezi ndizosadabwitsa.
Kusamba
Kusamalira ndi kusungira zovala za chikondi kunyumba kumakhala kosamba kosakonzeka. Mbalame zimakonda kusambira, kuyeretsa nthenga zawo ku fumbi ndi dothi lomwe zadziunjikira. Izi zimawathandiza kukhala athanzi komanso kukhala ndi chigoba. Chifukwa cha kusamba, maonekedwe awo amakhalanso bwino.
Kuti mukhale ndi mbalame zotchinga bwino, muyenera kudziwa malamulo oti muzitsuka. M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kusamba kangapo masiku asanu ndi awiri aliwonse mu suti yosambiramo. Buligie iliyonse imayenera kukhala ndi bafa yosiyana ndi madzi 27-degree. Ndikofunikira kutenga mbalame kusambira kumadera komwe kulibe kukonzekera. Kupanda kutero, pamakhala chiopsezo chogwira chimfine. Osathira madzi osamba pamwamba pa masentimita awiri ndikuwonjezera zotchingira zilizonse.
Ndikwabwino kutengera mbalame kusambira nthawi yakudya isanakwane. Kenako wokondedwayo amatha kuuma bwino usiku. Osamauma ma parroti ndi opaka tsitsi. Izi zimatha kudzetsa chibayo ndi matenda ena. M'chilimwe, zovala zachikondi zimayenera kusambitsidwa tsiku lililonse.
Zovala zachikondi
Kuthengo, mbalame zachikondi zimakhala m'magulu. Amakhala ndi dzina lakulankhula chifukwa chamakhalidwe awo. Ma parroti amasankha bwenzi ndipo amakhala limodzi moyo wawo wonse. Nthawi zambiri amatha kuwoneka atakhala panthambi yomamatira wina ndi mnzake.
Mbalame zimakonda kukhazikika pafupi ndi dziwe. Zovala zachikondi komanso malo okhala ndi anthu siziopa, nthawi zambiri zimaba ndi kuwononga minda ya alimi. Ziromboti zimathamanga mwachangu, mothandizidwa ndi mphamvu zolimba ndi mulomo wolimba, zimakwera mitengo.
Zipatso, zipatso ndi mbalame zimangodumphira panthambi, sizimadya chakudya. Thawirani mwachangu, fuulani kwambiri. Usiku m'mitengo. Zouswa zimamangidwa m'maenje a mitengo, m'makola, pansi pamadenga ndi m'makoma a nyumba. Mkazi amakhala akuchita kukonza nyumba. Amapeza udzu, nthambi zopyapyala, makungwa, ndikuzisuntha, ndikusintha pakati pa nthenga kumbuyo kwake. Mbalame yotereyi imafanana ndi msipu wouluka.
Oimira mitundu ina yazokondweretsa ali ndi mkwiyo. Izi zouluka, zamphamvu komanso zotentha zimatha kuvulaza ngakhale mbalame zazikulu.
Kupuma, masewera, kulumikizana
Maparishi amakonda kwambiri kulumikizana, kusewera komanso kulumikizana m'njira zonse zotheka ndi mbalame zina komanso anthu. Amadzibwereketsa kuti aphunzitse. Ngati angafune, atha kuphunzitsidwa kuvina, mphete yolira ndi zanzeru zina. Koma kuti muyambe kumasuka, kulumikizana komanso kuphunzitsa ndi ziweto zilizonse muyenera kum'phunzitsa m'manja mwa anthu. Izi zimachitika bwino ndi goodies. Nthawi yomweyo, muyenera kuphunzitsa mbalame ndi manja kuyambira ubwana.
Yang'anani! Kuphunzitsa ziweto kumanja, musakhudze miyendo kapena mapiko mbawala. Amazindikira izi monga kuyamba kwa nkhondo. Chifukwa chake, pali mawonekedwe aukali.
Kulumikizana ndikofunikira kwa mbalame. Ndikofunika kuti amalankhulana ndi anthu komanso mbalame zina. Kulankhulana ndi gawo lofunikira pakusamalidwa koyenera ndi kusungidwa kwa zovala za chikondi kunyumba. Kupatula apo, mbalame zamtchire nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi kusungulumwa. Pachifukwa ichi, ndibwino kusunga zovala zachikondi muzipawiri. Munthu ayenera kulumikizana ndi mbalame mwakachetechete, popanda kuyenda mwadzidzidzi. Zimakhala zovuta kuphunzitsa ana achikondi kuti azilankhula, chifukwa, nthawi zambiri amakumbukira za mawu khumi.
Kusangalala kwa mbalame kuyenera kukhala kosiyanasiyana: kuchokera pakulankhulana ndi mnzake wam'mimba mpaka masewera ndi munthu. Mutha kusewera ndi ma parrots m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Kutchuka kwambiri masewera Kwa iwo izi:
- Swing ndi zipatso
- Mu mpira
- Ndikusaka zipatso zobisika,
- Ndi kutsitsa ndalama kubanki ya nkhumba,
- Kwa chithunzi
- M'madzi ndi chidole chomwe mumakonda.
Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi mafotokozedwe
Chithunzi: Zachikondi
Chimodzi mwazinthu zotsutsana kwambiri pakati pa asayansi omwe akuphunzira kusinthika kwa mbalame ndi tanthauzo lenileni la momwe mbalame zamakono (neorniths) zimawonekera koyamba. Izi ndichifukwa cha mikangano pakati pa njira zolembetsera zakale ndi chibwenzi. Kuperewera kwa zimbudzi mu zinthu zakale zokumbidwa pansi, komabe kumabweretsa zovuta, ndipo pakadali pano pali zochuluka zatsalira kuchokera kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi koyambirira kwa Cenozoic.
Chosangalatsa: Kafukufuku wa ma cell akuwonetsa kuti parrots adachokera zaka 59 miliyoni zapitazo (osiyanasiyana 66-55) ku Gondwana. Magulu atatu apamwamba oyimbira a zophimba anachitika zaka pafupifupi mamiliyoni 50 (osiyanasiyana 57-41 miliyoni).
Chidutswa chimodzi cha 15 mm chomwe chimapezeka m'matope ku Nyobrera chinali chindapusa chakale kwambiri cha mbalamezo. Komabe, kafukufuku wina akuwonetsa kuti zinthu zakalezi sizachokera ku mbalame. Ndizovomerezeka kuti Psittaciformes analipo pa Paleogene. Iwo mwina anali mbalame zamitengo, ndipo analibe milomo yosweka, yomwe ili mwachilengedwe.
Makhalidwe ndi machitidwe
Malo okhala mbalamezi zachikondi ndizoyambira kumadzulo-kumadzulo ndi kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Africa, komanso chilumba cha Madagascar. Mbalame zimakonda kukhazikika pafupi ndi matupi amadzi, zimasankha nkhalango zowirira kapena malo ochepa. Pamayiko otentha, mitengo ndi zitsamba zimabala zipatso chaka chonse, ndiye kuti mbalame zamtchire zimasowa chakudya.
Zida zachikondi zimasungidwa zazing'ono, zomwe mkati mwake zimapanga mabanja. Nthawi zambiri pamachitika udani pakati pa "mabanja" oyandikana ndi gawo la malo okhala. Usiku, gulu la mbalame limabisala mu korona za mitengo, ndipo m'bandakucha limatuluka n kupita kukafunafuna chakudya. Paroti amayenda mosavuta, kudzera mumlengalenga, komanso pamitengo ya mitengo pansi. Mbalame ndizamphamvu - zimatha kuyenda mtunda wautali, kufunafuna gwero la chakudya.
Panyengo ya chisa, mkaziyo akufunafuna malo abwinowo kapena chiswe, amakonzekeretsa malo opangira ubweya. Pambuyo pa kukhwima, mbalameyi imakhala ndi mazira atatu mpaka 9, omwe amadzitsekera kwa milungu itatu. Mbewuyi imayang'aniridwa kwa miyezi iwiri kapena itatu, ndipo yamphongo siyisiyira banja, koma idyetsa anapiyewo mosamala ndi yaikazi. Akatulutsa chisa mu chisa, chachikazi chimayamba kukonzekera chovala chotsatira.
Kanema: Ma Parrots a Lovebird
Kuwunikira kwa Genomic kumapereka umboni wamphamvu kuti mbalame zotchedwa parrots ndi gulu loyandikana ndi passerines. Fossil woyamba wosadziwikiratu wochokera ku malo otentha a Eocene. Kholo loyamba lidapezeka kumayambiriro a Eocene ku Denmark ndipo lidachitika zaka 54 miliyoni zapitazo. Adawatcha Psittaciformes. Mafupa angapo angwiro ofanana ndi mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe adapezeka ku England, Germany. Izi mwina sizinthu zosinthika pakati pa mbalame zamasiku ano ndi zamakono.
Pali mitundu ingati ya chikondi
Mwachilengedwe, kutsatira nthawi yayitali ya mbalame kumakhala kovuta, koma pali malingaliro ena onena za mbalame zotchedwa zinzake zomwe amazindikira. Kutalika kwakanthawi kokhala ngatiubweya wamtchire ndi pafupifupi zaka zitatu. Imfa yoyambirira yamaparishi ang'onoang'ono imayenderana ndi zochitika zachilengedwe:
- kuchuluka kwa adani - mbalame za nyama, njoka, nyama,
- masoka achilengedwe - mvula yamphamvu, chilala,
- moto.
Ziweto ndizopambana kwambiri: amatetezedwa ndi eni ake, osakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zakunja. Ndi chisamaliro chabwino, mbalamezi zimakhala mu ukapolo kwa zaka 12 mpaka 15.
Kugula parrot
Palibevuto kukhala ndi chiweto chaching'ono-chokhala ndi tsitsi - ingopita kumalo ogulitsira nyama ndikusankha mbalame. Ngati njira ina, pali malo ogulitsira pa intaneti pomwe mungathe kuyitanitsa mtundu wosowa kwambiri wamitundu yowoneka bwino. Timbudzi tina tosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza ndi mbalame zachikondi, timagona m'malo osungira mbalame, amtambo, katemera. Njira iyi ndi yodalirika kwambiri pokhudzana ndi thanzi la mbalame. Simuyenera kugula parrot pamsika, popeza pali ngozi yobweretsa wodwala kunyumba.
Musanasankhe, muyenera kudziwa zonse za zovala zachikondi ndikusankha kuti mugule chiweto chimodzi kapena zingapo. Ngati mbalameyo imangokhala yokhayokha, ifunika chisamaliro chambiri. Poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya mbalame zamtchire, mbalame zachikondi zimatha kukhala ndi zochuluka, koma popanda kulankhulana ndi munthu sizingatheke. Makampani odziwa kusamalira amalimbikitsa kupeza banja lomwe linalipo kale kapena atenge mkazi m'modzi, ndipo patapita kanthawi asankhe mnzake. Ziweto ziwiri sizikhala zotopetsa, koma pachifukwa ichi ndikofunikira kuziyika m'khola limodzi, kotero kulumikizana kumabereka zipatso zambiri.
Chifukwa chiyani amatchedwa
Pogula, ogula amafuna kufunsa funso: chifukwa chiyani amatchedwa zovala zachikondi? Pali nthano kuti mbalamezi zimasankha awiri kamodzi m'moyo wonse. Ubwenzi wapadera umakula pakati pa wachikazi ndi wamwamuna. Amakonda kukhala ndi nthawi yocheza. Wamphongo amabweretsa chakudya kwa bwenzi lake ndikuyeretsa nthenga zake.
Ndizosangalatsa! M'malo mwake, amatha kukhala popanda theka lachiwiri. Muthanso kubzala mbendera yatsopano ya mwana wamasiye wa parrot.
Malo okhala nyama zakuthengo
Malo okhala mbalame zotchedwa chikondi cha mbalame zotchedwa lovebird ndi nkhalango zam'mapiri ndi malo otentha. Palinso mitundu ya chikondi, yomwe imakhazikika kumapiri ndi kumapiri.
Malo okhala mitundu yosiyanasiyana:
- anthu okhala ndi mapiko akuda amapezeka m'nkhalango za malo otentha ndi mapiri a Ethiopia ndi Eritrea,
- Mitundu yokhala ndi imvi imakhala m'nkhalango ndi malo obzala zipatso, ma kanjedza ku Mauritius, Madagascar, Zanzibar ndi Seychelles,
- agalu okhala ndi khola amakhala pakati ndi kumadzulo kwa Africa,
- kuchuluka kwa nkhope zaku Ethiopia, Sao Tome, Sierra Leone ndi Tanzania,
- Anthu a ku Lilian amakhala kum'mwera kwa Tanzania, kum'mawa kwa Zambia komanso kumpoto kwa Mozambique.
- Mabungwe akuda omwe amakhala kumapiri akumwera chakumadzulo kwa Zambia,
- pink-cheeked - ku South Africa, Angola, Nambia,
- Zoweta nyama zokhala ku Tanzania ndi Kenya,
- mtundu wa Fisher umapezeka pafupi ndi Nyanja ya Victoria komanso kumpoto kwa Tanzania.
Kuthengo, mbalame zimawuluka mwachangu. Sonkhanani m'matumba. Mumdima, amakonda kugona panthambi za mitengo. Nthawi yomweyo, amamatirira pawt ku mfundo zazing'ono. Pali ndewu pakati pamatumba.
Zovala za chikondi, chisamaliro komanso chisamaliro choyenera, zimasinthana ndi moyo kunyumba. Ndikofunika kuyika khola pamalo oyenera. Kwa izi, ngodya yachipinda chopanda kopanda zojambula zabwino ndizoyenera. Dongosolo lotentha kwambiri ndi madigiri 20-25 Celsius. Mu nthawi yozizira, mutha kuwonjezera kutentha ndi nyali zapadera zoyikidwa pamtunda wa 1.5 m.
Zokhudza kusamalira zovala zachikondi:
- muyenera kusewera ndi kulumikizana ndi mbalame,
- akuyenda, ayenera kuwonedwa.
Selo ndi makonzedwe ake
Akapolo, mbalame zowoneka ngati chikondi zimakhala m'khola. Pakhale malo okwanira mmalo mwake kuti mutsegule mapiko anu momasuka. Kuletsa mayendedwe pakuyenda kungayambitse kunenepa kwambiri komanso kulepheretsa chitukuko.
Kwa anthu awiri, m'lifupi ndi kutalika kwake muyenera kukhala mamitala 0,5, ndipo kutalika kwake kukhale pafupifupi mita imodzi. Ngati kuwerengetsa ziweto zakonzedwa, malo ena ayenera kuperekedwa kwa anapiye.
Zofunika! Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusankha khola laubweya wachikatikati. Mmenemo, mbalame imatha kuyikidwa pakona nthawi yamavuto. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ndodo ndikuchokera 1 mpaka 1.5 cm.
Ndikwabwino kusankha chinthu cholimba komanso chotetezeka. Pulasitiki woyenera bwino kwambiri, zitsulo kapena zitsulo zambiri, zomwe sizigwidwa ndi kutu komanso zokutira ndi nickel. Ndiosafunika kugwiritsa ntchito maselo opangidwa ndi mkuwa, lead kapena zinc.
Mu mphanga za chikondi khalani 2 odyetsa. Ndikosavuta kutsuka muli ziwiya zopangidwa ndi zoumba komanso zokhala ndi ma plexiglas. Osagula zodyetsa zotsekedwa. Ma mbale akumwa ndi osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wokha.
Kwa munthu m'modzi payekha, ndikofunikira kupereka mitengo iwiri kapena ziwiri zamapulasitiki osiyanasiyana. Mutha kuwapanga kuchokera ku nthambi za birch, msondodzi kapena mitengo yazipatso.
Zoseweretsa zosiyanasiyana zimapachikidwa (swings, zingwe, mabelu, makwerero). Ayenera kukhala amphamvu komanso opanda zinthu zovulaza. Ndikofunika kusankha zinthu kuchokera ku plexiglass kapena nkhuni.
Masiku atatu aliwonse muyenera kusamba khungu ndi zomwe zili ndi madzi ofunda. Ndiosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito bulashi. Kuti tipewe kuchulukana kwa mabakiteriya okhala ndi tizilombo, ndikofunikira kuthira madzi otentha m'malo okhalamo mbalame. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zapa sopo, zinthu ziyenera kutsukidwa ndi madzi oyenda. Musaiwale kupukuta chilichonse mutatha kuyeretsa. Ma mbale akumwa ndi omwe amadyetsa amatsukidwa nthawi iliyonse yomwe adyetsa ndikuthira madzi.
Kufotokozera
Mitundu iyi ndi gawo la banja la parrot la mbalame zamphaka. Maubweya wa loveb kutalika kwake amafikira 0,0-0.17 m. Mapiko ake ndi 0.04 m, mchirawo umafalikira mamita 0.06. Kulemera kwa mbalameyo kumachokera ku 0.04 mpaka 0.06 kg. Mutu wake ndi waukulu.
Nthawi zambiri, nthenga zimakhala zobiriwira. Komabe, madera amodzi (misomali, chifuwa, mutu ndi khosi) amatha kujambulidwa m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Zimachitika:
- ofiira
- buluu
- chikasu
- pinki ndi mitundu ina.
Mlomo wa phula wokondeka ndi wakuda kwambiri komanso wowongoka mwamphamvu, wokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri. Chifukwa chake, kulumidwa kwa mbalame kumatha kuvulaza kwambiri ngakhale akulu.
Mlomo pawokha umakhala utoto wowoneka wowala bwino kapena wachikasu. Mchirawo siwotalikirapo, monga miyendo. Izi sizisokoneza, komabe, parrot imasunthira pansi komanso ngakhale kukwera mitengo.
Tizilombo ta chikondi timakhala m'nkhalango zotentha komanso zam'mapiri. Palinso mitundu ina yomwe imakhala m'matanthwe ndi m'mapiri. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi moyo wawo. Kuuluka kwa ziphalaphala izi kumathamanga kwambiri komanso kukhazikika. Usiku, mbalame zimakhala pamitengo yamitengo, kapena kumamatira ku mfundo zazing'ono. Pali ndemanga kuti magulu osiyanasiyana amatha kulowa nawo nkhondo yolimidwa kale mitengo.
Malinga ndi malipoti ena, kwawo kwa mbalame zachikondi ndi South-West ndi Southeast Africa, Madagascar. Nesting imapezeka m'mabowo. Pamenepo, mbalame zimangoyala zinyalala. Koma nthawi zina mbalame zachikondi zimagwira ntchito yomanga zisa. Ntchito yomanga ndi yothandiza kwambiri.
Kuti apange chisa, mbalame zimafunikira:
- nthambi zazing'ono
- masamba a udzu
- zidutswa za kotekisi.
Ndizachilendo kudziwa kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamtunduwu imatha kunyamula zinthu zomangidwa mosiyanasiyana m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Wina wavala mkamwa mwake, wina nkuwuluka, ndikupereka nthambi zomwezo pansi pa nthenga. Clutch ndi mazira 4-8. Nthawi yolumikizira ndi masiku 21-25. Dzinalo "lovebirds" limagwirizanitsidwa ndi lingaliro lakuti zikafa mbalame imodzi, mbalame yachiwiri imwalira posachedwa.
Koma izi ndizabodza, mumangofunika kanthawi kuti banja latsopano lisanachitike. Ziwetozo ndizochepa, chilichonse chimakhala ndi maanja angapo. Nthawi zambiri mbalame zamtchire zokongola zimakopeka ndi minda yomwe imawapatsa chakudya. Mbalame zimadyera pa nthangala ndi zipatso.
Chiwerengero cha mbalame zachikondi ndi mitundu ina ya mbalame ndizankhanza kwambiri.
Tsitsi la Rosy
Mbambo yanthunzi yokhala ndi pinki yofika kutalika kwa 0,17 m, pomwe mapiko ake amakula mpaka 0,5 m. Mphamvu zake za parrot zotere ndizabwino kwambiri, zimakhala ndi tinthu tambiri tofiirira.Kumbuyo kuli pang'ono.. Dzinalo limakhala chifukwa choti masaya, komanso pakhosi, ndi pinki. Mpweya wofiyira wolocha ndi mulomo wamtambo wamtambo wachikaso umawoneka wokongola kwambiri.
Nthenga zowongolera pakati ndizopaka zobiriwira. M'mphepete mwake ndi ofiira, kuphatikiza zingwe zakuda kwambiri. Nthenga za mchira zimapakidwa utoto wowoneka bwino. Anapiye ang'onoang'ono amakhala ndi mlomo wakuda bii, koma nsonga yake ndi yopepuka. Nthawi yomweyo, nyama zazing'ono zilibe matupi ofiira.
Mwachilengedwe, zovala zachikondi nthawi zambiri zimapezeka ku Namibia, Angola ndi Republic of South Africa. Ngakhale mbalame zimakhala m'malo owuma, zimakonda kufunafuna madzi. Nthawi zina, mbalame zachikondi zimakhala m'makoma a nyumba kapena pansi pa denga. Maonekedwe a pinki amatchuka kwambiri kuposa ena pakati pa obereketsa.
Nthawi zambiri amasungidwa awiriawiri. Koma nthawi yomweyo, mukamapitiliza kukhala ndi timatanda ta chikondi timatalikirana, timalankhula nthawi zambiri.
Fisher
Chodziwika bwino ndi malingaliro a Fisher. Zovala zachikondi zoterezi ndizosangalatsa komanso zopatsa mphamvu, pomwe zovuta zapamtundu sizimaperekedwa. Parrot ya Fisher ndiyocheperako pang'ono kuposa yomwe imakhala ndimaso-apamwamba - mpaka 0.15 m.Nthawi yomweyo, mapiko ake amakula mpaka 0,2 m. Mitunduyi idapeza dzina polemekeza Wofufuza waku Germany ku Africa. Popeza obereketsa amagwira ntchito ndi Fishers, mbalamezi zimakhala ndi nthenga zopatsa chidwi. Ndipo mtundu wachilengedwe cha cholembera ndi wokongola kwambiri. Parrot ndiwanzeru komanso amawoneka ngati chidole cha mtengo wa Khrisimasi. Misana, m'mimba ndi michira yayifupi imakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira, womwe umasungunuka ndi zolemba zamtambo.
Khosi ndi mutu ndi lalanje ndi tint ofiira. Zowonjezera za pachifuwa cha mtundu wa mandimu. Maso akuda owoneka ozungulira khungu loyera. Milomo yofiyira yolimba imakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofiira. Mawaya ndi ofupikirako ndipo amatha ndi zala za buluu pang'ono.
Maubwenzi achikondi a Fisher amakhala kumpoto kwa Tanzania. Pafupi ndi Nyanja ya Victoria, adakhazikika, osinthasintha nyengo yamvula komanso yonyowa. Unyinji wa udzu ndi zitsamba zochepa zimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zofunikira pa zomanga zonse komanso zomanga zisa. Timbulu ting'ono tating'ono timagulu tambiri timagulu tiwiri ndipo pokhapokha pobereka timakhalira magulu awiriawiri.
Mgwirizano wapabanja wachikondi wa Fisher umatheka. Zomera zimamangidwa pamitengo kapena m'miyala. Kwazaka 80 zapitazi, akatswiri azachipatala aku Europe komanso obereketsa aku Europe atha kupeza zambiri zokhudzana ndi kukula kwa zimbirizi mu ukapolo.
M'nyumba wamba, amakhala mwakachetechete. Komabe, ngati nyama yokhala ndi masaya ofiira, sangathe kulekerera mtundu wina uliwonse wa mbalame - kotero apa muyenera kupanga chisankho.
Mitundu ya Lovebirds
Asayansi amasiyanitsa mitundu 9 ya zovala zachikondi. Mayina awo amakhudzidwa makamaka ndi utoto wamutu:
- Pinki Cheeked Lovebird nthawi zambiri amapezeka okonda parrot. Mwachilengedwe, mbalame izi zimakhala ndi thupi lobiriwira, masaya a pinki komanso pakhosi. Muukapolo, umaberekana bwino; mitundu yambiri idadulidwa.
- Mask lovebird Ili ndi utoto wosiyanasiyana wanyengo. Itha kuphatikizana ndi mitundu ina, pomwe ana amapezeka mumitundu yosiyanasiyana: yoyera, yachikaso, yabuluu, yofiirira.
- Chofunda cha Fisher Chilombo china chodziwika bwino kuchokera ku Nyanja ya Victoria. Mwachilengedwe, ndiwobiriwira, wokhala ndi mutu wa lalanje. Mukapolo, mbalame zoyera, zachikaso ndi zamtambo zimapezeka.
- Kandachime Liliana Imakhala ndi utoto wonyezimira wamutu, wokumbukira za sitiroberi. Mbalamezi ndizoletsedwa kuti zizichotsedwa ku Zambia, chifukwa chake ndizosowa mu ukapolo.
- Redbird wokhala ndi nkhope yofiira - wokhala mu savannah. Ndikosavuta kubereka, monga momwe chilengedwe chimakumbira nyumba zakale. Kutengera chilengedwe m'malo osungidwa amayikidwa ma plates a mbamuikha wa peat.
- Mtundu wamtambo wakuda amachokera kumapiri aku Ethiopia. Mawonedwe akulu kwambiri. Hardy, wokhoza kulekerera kutentha pang'ono. Chifukwa cha kutalika kochulukirapo komanso zovuta zovuta kubereka, sizachilendo pakati pa obereketsa. Izi zimbudzi ndizabwino komanso zosangalatsa, zimagwirizana ndi mbalame zina, koma zimawavuta kusankha.
- Imvi yokhala ndiimvi ochokera ku Madagascar. Ndiosowa mu ukapolo chifukwa cha mantha achilengedwe.
- Chotengera chakuda kufalikira mosavuta muukapolo. Kuphatikiza pa zachilengedwe, mitundu yamtambo ndi imvi imadziwika.
- Collar (Khosi) Lovebird wobiriwira, wokhala ndi chingwe chakuda pakhosi ndi bere la lalanje. Amakhala ku Central Africa. Sipezeka muukapolo, chifukwa imakhala m'makona a mitengo yayitali ndipo ndizovuta kwambiri kugwira.
Maubweya wachikondi amaonedwa kuti ndi onyenga posunga mbalame. Izi zimbudzi zimakondedwa chifukwa chokongoletsa bwino komanso kucheza. Ndikosavuta kuthana ndi mwana wankhuku yokonda, makamaka ngati idatengedwa pachire ndikukudyetsa. Amatha kukopeka kwambiri ndi mwini wakeyo ndikuyamba kukhala wodetsedwa. Mbalame yakuthengo ikhoza kusadalira anthu kwamuyaya.
Zovala zina zachikondi zaluso zimatsanzira kalankhulidwe ka anthu. Koma mbalameyi singaphunzire zambiri kuposa mawu a 10-15. Zovala zachikondi zimatha kuphunzitsidwa ndipo zimatha kutsatira malamulo osavuta. Mwachitsanzo, wulukani kwa mwini nyumbayo. Zachidziwikire, ndi mbalame yokhazikika yokha yomwe ingalankhule ndi kumvera mwini wake.
Zovala zachikondi sizimangokhala nthawi zonse khola laling'ono. Ayenera kumasulidwa kuti aziyenda kuti azitambasula mapiko awo ndikusewera. Khola ndi malo omwe mbalame zimapuma, kugona ndi kudya. Mbalame sizingachite mantha, kupangidwa kuti ziziuluka mwadzidzidzi kuzungulira chipindacho, kugogoda pazitseko za khola.
Mchipinda momwe zovala zachikondi zimasungidwira, ndizoletsedwa kusuta fodya, kupopera mankhwalawa, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zodzoladzola (zopukutira msomali, zochotsa misomali). Njira yopumira ya mbalame ndizovuta kwambiri, imatha kupha poizoni ndi kufa.
Maparishi amakonda kusambira. Mbalame zina zimachita izi mumasamba apadera kapena mbale zowombetsa, zina mumanyowa achinyalala, ndi zina - pansi pa mpopi. Pangani madzi osamba pang'ono. Muyenera kuyeretsa pallet, odyetsa chakudya chofewa komanso chakumwa tsiku lililonse. Sabata iliyonse muyenera kusamba ndende ndi mitengo yonse.
Masked
Zovala zachikondi za mask. Amawoneka okongola kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, mbalameyo imakhala yoposa 0.15 m kutalika. Mchira wake ndi wamtundu wa 0.04 m. Mapiko amtunduwu ndiotalika mpaka 0.05 m. Unyinji wa wamkulu wokhala ndi chigoba chofewa umatha kufika 0,55 kg. Dzinalo limapatsidwa dzina la "chigoba". Maso akulu a bulauni azunguliridwa ndi nthenga zakuda. Mitengo yambiri ya mbalame zotsekemera imapakidwa utoto wowala, pakati pomwe zobiriwira zimakonda. Kuphatikiza ndi nthenga zina zachikaso, maonekedwe okongola kwambiri amapezeka.
Mlomo wofiyira wolozeka umathandizira kumaliza chithunzichi. Chifukwa cha iye, mbalame imatha kuwoneka ngati motley ngati utawaleza. Ikasungidwa m'selo, chovala cholimba chokhala ndi khungu chokhazikika chizitha kukhala ndi moyo zaka 10-12. Nthawi zina, zitsanzo zakale zimapezekanso. Mwachilengedwe, mitunduyi imakhala ku Kenya ndi Tanzania, ndikupanga magulu aanthu angapo. Pamenepo, mbalame zimakhala pafupi ndi matupi amadzi ndi chisa pamitengo yotsika, pamtchire.
Chakudya chachikulu ndi mbewu monga zipatso ndi zipatso. Nyimbo zomwe zimapangidwa ndi chigoba cha lovebird zimawonetsa bwino momwe zimakhalira. Zoyipa zamtunduwu ndizovuta zamaphunziro ndi maphunziro. Zolakalaka zokha ndi zomwe zingaphunzitsidwe kena, koma ziyenera kuthana nazo kuyambira masiku oyamba. Kufikira pamlingo wina, kuphunzira kumathandizidwa ndi luntha lokwera komanso kukumbukira bwino.
Ngati mbalame siyiphunzira bwino, sikuti ndi zopusa, koma mwadala.
Zomera zazomera
Izi zophimba magalasi zimasungidwa m'malo obisalamo kapena zolembera zazing'anga zazing'onoting'ono. M'nyengo yozizira, mbalame zimayenera kukhala m'nyumba, ndipo nthawi yotentha, makhola amatha kuvala khonde lokonzekera bwino. Muyenera kukhazikitsa nyumba ya mbalame m'malo abwino. Komabe, kuyatsidwa mwachindunji ndi dzuwa kuyenera kupewedwa. Kuteteza, makatani otchinga owonekera pazenera adzakhala yokwanira. Kuyika khola pawindo ndikuwopsa; zovala zachikondi zimawopa kukonzekera.
Khola lalikulu lalikulu ndi chinsinsi cha thanzi ndi thanzi la nsapato. Kukula kocheperako kumayenera kukhala koti mbalame yachikulire itambasule mapiko ake. Okwatirana amafunikira malo ochulukirapo. Zili bwino ngati chovala cha chikondi chitha kutuluka kuchokera kutchi uku ndi uku.
Chitani chidwi ndi mawonekedwe osavuta a geometric. Khola labwino limakhala amakona anayi, lokhala lozungulira kapena lathyathyathya, lalitali kutalika. Chingwe chokhala ndi matabwa sichingagwire ntchito, zovala zachikondi mwachangu zimapangitsa kuti zisathe. Iyenera kupangidwa ndi zinthu zopanda poizoni za mbalame. Chenjerani ndi alloys amkuwa, zinc, lead. Njira yabwino ndi ma nickel-plated, ma cell onse azitsulo ophatikizidwa ndi plexiglass.
Ndikwabwino kukonzekera nyumbayo pafupi ndi maso. Izi zipangitsa kuti zisamavutike kulumikizana ndi chiweto chokhala ndi mbewa. Nthawi zambiri, maselo otsika mtengo amakhala ndi mitengo yamapulasitiki. Koma ndizosayenera kwathunthu ngati mbalame.
Ndikwabwino kugula mitengo yamatabwa yabwino nthawi yomweyo. Zitha kupangidwanso kuchokera ku nthambi wamba zokhala ndi mainchesi 1.5-2. Litha kukhala birch, chitumbuwa, mtengo wa maapulo. Osadula nthambi zamitengo pafupi ndi misewu yambiri. Ndikwabwino kupita kutchire, paki yayikulu, ku kanyumba. Mitengo yowonjezerapo imatha kukhala zingwe, mchere.
Mtunda pakati pa ndodo ndi wotalika mpaka masentimita 1.5. Ngati ndi waukulu, mbalame yodala imalowetsa mutu wake m'mphepete ndikuyamba. Chitseko chizitseka mwamphamvu. Ikani odyetserako, mbale zomwera ndi mitengo kuti zisagwe.
Tsitsi lakuda
Ndikofunika kutengera mtundu wa lovebird wakuda. Maonekedwe, akuwoneka ngati Fisher. Komabe, mbalameyo ndiyocheperako pang'ono. Kusiyanako ndikuti mbalame zapa khungu zakuda zimakhala ndi kolala yofiirira. Nthenga pamutu zimapaka utoto wonyezimira.
Mwa nyimbo, mbalameyi ndiyomwe ndiyimba kwambiri pamtundu wake. Koma tsopano akuwopsezedwa kuti adzawonongedwa.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Ma Lovebird amakhala ndi metabolism yachangu. Amayenera kudya pang'ono, koma pafupipafupi. Chakudya chachikulu ndi msanganizo wapadera wa tirigu wa mbalame zazikuluzikulu. Ndikofunikira kusamalira chakudya moyenera. Muyeso wosakaniza wa njere, yoyera, yonyezimira, yopanda fumbi, yopanda zinyalala, masamba. Chakudya sichiyenera kununkhira madontho kapena nkhungu. Osadyetsa mbalame zachikondi ndi zosakaniza zomwe zimapangidwira kwa mbalame zazing'ono kapena zazikulu, sizoyenera kupanga. Patsiku muyenera kupatsa supuni ziwiri zitatu za chakudya pa mbalame iliyonse.
Choko ndi sepia ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa m'khola la mbalame zotchire. Kuphatikiza pa kusakaniza kwa tirigu, mbalame za chikondi zimafunikira zitsamba, zipatso, dzira lophika ndi tchizi chanyumba. Monga chakudya chobiriwira cha lovebirds, dandelion, nettle, oats, woodlice, clover, akuwombera masamba, letesi ndizoyenera. Muyenera kusonkhanitsa chakudya chobiriwira kuchoka pamayendedwe apamtunda. Onetsetsani kuti mwadula nthambi za mitengo yazipatso zanu zapakhomo limodzi ndi masamba ndi masamba. Bark sikufunikira kutsukidwa. Mitengo ndi nthambi zimafunika kutsukidwa bwino.
M'nyengo yozizira, oats ndi mapira amatha kumera m'miphika. Mutha kungotenga zosakaniza zingapo za tirigu kapena kugula zakudya zapadera kuti zimere. Mbewu zongophukira ndizothandiza kwa mbalame. Kuti muchite izi, ingokulungani mu nsalu yonyowa kwa masiku 1-2.
Ma lovebird amasangalala kudya masamba ndi zipatso zosiyanasiyana: maapulo, kaloti, zipatso, zipatso, nthochi, mapiniga, makangaza, mphesa, plums, tsabola wokoma, nkhaka, broccoli, dzungu, zukini, ndi zina. udzu winawake, radish, masamba a phwetekere, mango, avoca, papaya, Persimmon. Simungapereke chakudya mwachindunji pagome la anthu, mulibe mchere, wamafuta, wokazinga, wokoma.
Nthawi zina, osapitirira kamodzi pa sabata, perekani chakudya chofewa - tchizi chamafuta ochepa ndi mazira owiritsa. Maubweya wachikondi ndi chimanga amadyedwa, chomwe chimayenera kuphika mpaka theka chophika m'madzi opanda mchere ndi mafuta. Mchenga, mapira, nsapato, mpunga ndizoyenera.
Liliana
Chojambula chachikondi cha Liliana, yemwenso chimakhala chamutu wa sitiroberi, ndizosowa kwambiri, popeza kuchotsedwa kwake kumakhalako koletsedwa. Mutha kusiyanitsa mtunduwu kuchokera ku Fisher parrot ndi mtundu wake wobiriwira. Mtundu wa mabulosi opsa ndi mawonekedwe a pamphumi, masaya ndi mmero. Mitu yonse ndi chifuwa chake ndizobiriwira mopepuka; mulomo umakhala wofiirira. Dimorphism sichimayambira. Chosangalatsa cha Liliana ndichosavuta kusudzulana ndipo amatha kusintha zochitika zosiyanasiyana.
Omwe safunikira kukhala ndi mbalame yolankhula bwino amatha kugula mbalame yakhungu yamapiko akuda. Koma mtundu wamtunduwu si wokongola kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, mbalame zimatha kutumizidwa ku Europe kokha ndi zoletsedwa mwamphamvu. Mbalame yobiriwira imakhala ndi mikwaso yakuda pamwamba pa mapiko ndi m'mphepete mwa mchira. Kumapeto kwa mchira ndi mtundu wobiriwira.
Kuwala
Chofunika kwambiri pa thanzi la mbalame ndi bungwe labwino. Koma zili muubweya wachikondi kuti kufunikira kwa ma radiation a ultraviolet ndikulimba kwambiri. Ndipo kubereka bwino komanso kukulitsa ana olimba opanda magetsi apadera ndizosatheka.
Ndikofunikira kuwona mawonekedwe opepuka. M'chilimwe, maola masana satha maola 14, nthawi yozizira - osaposa 12. Muyenera kuyamba ndikutha maola masana nthawi yomweyo, kuchepa ndikuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono.
M'dera la maso a chikondi, gland ya endocrine imapezeka, ntchito yomwe imadalira ulamulilo wowunikira. Kuti mukwaniritse kufunikira kwa kuwala kwa ultraviolet, mufunika nyali ndi magawo a CRI (mtundu wokwanira) kuchokera pa 90 ndi K (kutentha mgawo) kuchokera pa 5000 mpaka 5500. Nyali za reptiles, salons zikopa ndi nyali zamankhwala sizigwira ntchito. Nyali imayikidwa pamtunda wa theka la mita.
Ogonera nkhope
Wokhala ndi nkhope yofiyira, ndiye wamutu wokhala ndi lalanje, parrot ali ndi kamvekedwe ka udzu wobiriwira. Nthawi yomweyo, osati masaya ndi mphumi zokha, koma khosi limatulukanso lofiira. Mchira wa ultramarine umawoneka wodabwitsa. Mbalamezi, zokhala ndi mapiko akuda amkati, zimakonda kutentha. Mwachilengedwe, amakhala mumalo am'mapiri, zomwe zimakhala zachilendo kwambiri.
Okwatirana Achikondi
Pali nthano kuti munthu wamakonda akamwalira popanda banja ndipo sungangomusiya. Izi sizowona. Mutha kukhala ndi chiweto chimodzi chokha. Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti gulu la mbalame limafunikira kulumikizidwa mosalekeza, ndipo munthu sangathe kusewera ndi nyama kuzungulira wotchi. Chifukwa chake, eni ambiri amaganiza zopanga banja. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyang'ana ubale wa zovala zachikondi ndizosangalatsa modabwitsa.
Koma pali mawonekedwe ena a mawonekedwe achikondi. Izi zophimba zimapanga magulu awiri okhazikika ndipo ali ndi udindo wosankha bwenzi. Ngati palibe kumvana pakati pa mbalamezo, ndiye kuti sizingakwatirane.
Maubweya wachikondi amatha kukhala ankhanza kwa mbalame zina, makamaka nthawi yakuswana. Chifukwa chake, yankho labwino ndikuyikhala mu cell limodzi. Mikangano mkati mwa awiriwa ndiyothekanso. Mbalame zina zimamanga ubale nthawi yomweyo, zina zimatha kukangana ndikulimbana kwa zaka.
Mukamasankha zovala zingapo zachikondi, muyenera kudziwa zazinthu zina. Mutha kukoka wachichepere kwa wamkazi, imamuukira ndipo mwina imamupha. Ngakhale anzanu sangakhale ndi chibwenzi, sangakhale banja. Simukuyenera kugula mbalame za m'badwo womwewo pamalo amodzi, chifukwa zimatha kukhala pachibale, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sangaloledwe kuswana.
Ndikofunika kupeza mwana wamwamuna wachichepere. Tigonjetse mbalame, zilekeni zizolowere kwa miyezi ingapo. Pambuyo pake, mugule mkazi. Musanagawe, khalani pansi kwa masiku 40. Mbalame yatsopanoyo ikhale mu khola lina yaying'ono, m'chipinda china. Mukatsimikiza kuti mkaziyo ndi wathanzi, mutha kuyamba kumuuza za mwamunayo.
Ikani zosiyidwa m'chipinda chimodzi kuti mbalame zimve wina ndi mnzake. Kenako pafupi ndi iwo kuti tionane. Ngati ma lovekodi atasonyezana chidwi, akhoza kuyambitsidwanso poyenda. Selo yamphongo iyenera kukhala yayikulupo. Ndi bwino ngati mkaziyo wayamba kulowa m'nyumba mwake.Mbalame iliyonse imayenera kukhala ndi yake yodyetsa ndi chakumwa.
Kudziwana bwino, pang'onopang'ono kwa mbalame kumakulitsa ubale wabwino pakati pawo. Ngati simukufuna kukhala ndi ana, awiriwo atha kukhala amuna kapena akazi okhaokha.
Imvi
Utoto wokhala ndi imvi wokhala ku Madagascar umadziwika ndi dimorphism yamphamvu. Mitunduyi imawonedwa yaying'ono kwambiri pabanja lonse. Ziwawa ndizopaka. Maparoti ndi odekha, amasiyanasiyana ngakhale mwamanyazi.Nthawi yomweyo, kuzizira ndi chinyezi sizowonetsedwa bwino ndi mbalame.
Kubala kwa Lovebird
Zovala zachikondi zimatha kubereka kuyambira chaka chimodzi. Kuti ana akhale olimba, ndi thanzi la banja kuti lisawonongeka, mbalamezo zimayenera kukhala zokonzekera kubereka. Kuti muchite izi, dzira, tchizi chokoletsa, mbewu zophukira zimawonjezeredwa kudyetsa tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo masana masana amawonjezeredwa mpaka maola 14. Pambuyo pa masabata awiri, mutha kukhazikitsa nyumba ya mbalame m'khola - bokosi lamatabwa momwe mbalame zachikazi zimatulutsa chisa.
Nthambi zanthete za birch, currant, linden, msondodzi, mtengo wa maapozi, chitumbuwa cha kutalika kwa 10 cm ndizoyenera kumanga chisa. Zovala za chikondi zimaswa mazira pafupifupi masiku 20. Nthochi zimatuluka mumazira amaliseche, akhungu komanso ogontha. Choyamba, amadyetsedwa ndi mkazi, pambuyo pake - makolo onse awiri. Chitukuko ndichothamanga kwambiri. Makanda a masiku khumi amangotsegula maso awo, ana azaka makumi atatu amakhala atakutidwa ndi nthenga ndipo pakatha sabata limodzi amachoka. Makolo amadyetsa ana awo kwa miyezi iwiri.
Utangomaliza kumene, abambo achikondiwo amapitanso kwachiwiri. Anapiye achikulire amafunika kubzyala kuti makolo azitha kubereka. Pofuna kupewa masonry achitatu, maola masana amachepa. Akapolo onse akatulutsidwa, amzawo amachotsedwa.
Malamba achikondi ndi chisankho chabwino kwa oyamba kumene. Sakufunikira chisamaliro, okongola, otetezeka. Izi zimbira ndizowoneka bwino kwambiri chifukwa cha luntha, kusangalatsa kwa machitidwe awo, komanso maubwenzi ovuta mkati mwa banja.
Zinthu zosamalira ndi kuswana
Zovala zachikondi zimatha kusungidwa panyumba modekha. Komabe, kusankha koyenera kwa munthu kumathandiza. Mbalame yathanzi ndizosiyana:
- mankhwalawa osalala komanso owala padzuwa,
- kufanana kwa cholembera thupi lonse
- mawonekedwe owoneka ndi maso
- Zochita ndi chidwi.
Ponyamula mbalame gwiritsani ntchito choko. Ngati sichoncho, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito bokosi la plywood, kumtunda komwe dzenje limapangidwa. Mukamapereka kanyumba kanyumba kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, nthawi yozizira kapena koyambirira kwa masika, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito thumba. Amachepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi hypothermia. Zisa zabwino zokhazikika zimakhala zopangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga tambala limodzi ndi pulasitiki kapena plexiglass.
Koma ndibwino kukana mkuwa, zinc, lead, bamboo ndi ndowa zamatabwa. Mawonekedwe abwino - amakona ndi denga. Danga lomwe lili m'khola ndikutha kukankhira pansi ndikofunikira kwambiri. Pakati pa ndodo zizikhala 0,01-0.015 m.Pamene mbalamezo zimachokera kumalo otentha kwambiri, mpweya umayenera kutenthetsedwa mpaka madigiri 23-25 wokhala ndi chinyezi cha 50 mpaka 60%.
Musamakhazikitse zovala zachikondi pafupi ndi mabatire otentha ndi zotenthetsera. Ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuwunikira wamba m'chipindacho. Windo limapachikidwa ndi tulle yopyapyala kuti dzuwa lisalole.
Kukonzekera kosavomerezeka.
Zofunikira zofunika pa khungu labwino ndi:
- awiri odyetsa (pokhapokha chakudya chouma ndi chonyowa),
- woledzera wokha
- kusamba.
Zakudya zouma ziyenera kutsanulidwa kuyambira madzulo ndikuyembekeza mpaka kumapeto kwa tsiku lotsatira. Chakudya chamadzi chimatsanulidwa m'mawa, kuchotsedwa m'mawa. Ndikofunikira kutsuka odyetsa musanayambe tabu yatsopano iliyonse. Selo yonse imatsukidwa masiku 7 aliwonse ndi madzi otentha opanda sopo. Nthawi yomweyo, zinyalala zikusinthidwanso.
Mbewu ndi mbewu zimayang'anira chakudya. Ngati palibe chikhumbo chogula chakudya, masamba achikondi amadyetsedwa (patsiku):
- 0,15 kg wa mapira,
- 0,15 kg wa mbewu za Canary
- 0,2 kg wa oatmeal,
- 0,5 makilogalamu a mbewu za mpendadzuwa,
- 0,5 makilogalamu a mafuta abwino,
- 0,1 makilogalamu a chimanga chopanda.
Monga chithandizo, nthawi ndi nthawi perekani osokoneza, mtedza. Zowonadi chakudya chokoma.
Simungathe kupatsa parsley! Ndikofunikira kudziwa pasadakhale kuti mbewu zamkati ndi zam'munda ndizowopsa bwanji kwa mbalameyo.
M'miyezi yotentha, kusamba tsiku ndi tsiku kuyenera kuchitidwa. Munthawi yakuswana, mbalame zikaikira mazira, komanso anapiye atakhwima, koma sanakhwime, chisamaliro chapadera chikuyenera kusamalidwa. Kulakwitsa pang'ono kungayambitse mavuto. Kulowerera kwambiri m'malo mwanu kungavulaze zimbudzi. Palibe chifukwa chomera mulomo. M'malo mwa zida zapadera, amangopatsa nthambi zazing'ono zamitengo yazipatso.
Nthawi yabwino yoswana ndi nthawi yachilimwe komanso yoyambilira ya nyundo. Anapiye athanzi azitha kukhala chinyezi kuyambira 50 mpaka 60%. Kutentha pamilandu iyi kumachokera ku 18 mpaka 20 degrees. Nyumba yanyumba idayikidwa m'khola. Maapoti awiri amapatsa ana atatu.
Makonda a alendo
Kukula kamodzi kokha kwa chikondi kumakhala kovuta kuposa kusunga mabanja. Zachikondi:
- zokongola
- ochezeka
- pangani kusokonekera mu mawu akuthwa,
- ikhoza kuwononga ndikudya,
- khazikitsani ufulu wa eni.
Mu kanema wotsatira mupezanso zambiri za zovala zachikondi.
Kodi mbalame zotchedwa mbalame zokongoletsa za mbalamezi zimakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Zidole za Lovebird ku Africa
Pulogalamu yamtchire yamtchire imapezeka kwambiri ku Africa ndi Madagascar. Komabe, amapezeka kwambiri kumadera louma a Sahel ndi Kalahari, komanso ku Republic of South Africa.
Pali mitundu isanu ndi inayi ya mbalameyi:
- Khola la chikondi, kolala mwachisayansi lotchedwa A. swindernianus, lili ponseponse ku Africa,
- Mtundu wobisika wa mtundu wa personatus ndi wobadwira ku Tanzania,
- Liliana lovebird (Agapornis lilianae) ali kum'mawa kwa Africa,
- pinkb-cheeked lovebird (A. roseicollis) ali kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Africa. Amakhala kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa South Africa, kudutsa hafu yakumadzulo kwa Namibia komanso kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Angola. Dera lozungulira Nyanja ya Ngami limadzaza mwachangu ndi A. roseicollis chifukwa cha kukula kwachilengedwe pamtunda wake,
- Fischer's lovebird (A. fischeri) amakhala pamtunda kuchokera pa 1,100 mpaka 2000. Amapezeka ku Tanzania, mkati mwa East Africa. Amadziwikanso ku Rwanda ndi Burundi. Nthawi zambiri zimatha kuwoneka kumadera akumpoto kwa Tanzania - Nzeghe ndi Singida, Serengeti, Arusha National Park, kum'mwera kwa Nyanja ya Victoria ndi Zilumba za Ukereve ku Nyanja ya Victoria,
- Mtundu wa chifuwa chakuda (A. nigrigenis) ulibe malire kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Zambia,
- mtundu wokonda nkhope wofiila (A. pularius) ndi wobadwira m'maiko osiyanasiyana a ku Africa, kuphatikizapo Angola, Congo, Cameroon, Chad, Guinea, Togo, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Mali, Niger, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania, Ethiopia ndi Uganda Ndiwotengedwanso mtundu ku Liberia,
- mbalame yakuda yamapiko akuda (A. taranta). Malo okhala zachilengedwewo amachokera kumwera kwa Eritrea mpaka kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Ethiopia, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala kumapiri kapena kumapiri.
- Duwa lokonda tsitsi laimvi (A. canus) ndi lobadwa pachilumba cha Madagascar komanso lotchedwa lovebird ku Madagascar.
Amakhala m'malo obisika komanso m'nkhalango zowuma zomwe zimayang'aniridwa ndi mitengo monga Kommifora, mthethe, baobab, ndi balanites. Kuphatikiza apo, mbalame zachikondi zimatha kukhala m'malo ovuta, koma pafupi ndi madzi osasunthika. Malo okhala mitundu ina imaphatikizira kunja kwa zipululu ndi nkhalango, komanso malo opanda mitengo, ngati mitengo yaying'ono ili pafupi ndi madzi. Madera omwe amakondedwa amayambira kunyanja mpaka kukwera kuposa 1,500 m.
Kodi mbalame zachikondi zimadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Zachikondi
Mumakonda kuyang'ana chakudya pansi. Amadya zakudya zosiyanasiyana, makamaka zimadyetsa mbewu, komanso zimadya zipatso monga nkhuyu zazing'ono. Samasamukira, koma amayenda mtunda wautali kuti akapeze chakudya ndi madzi akakhala pamalo ovuta. Pa nthawi yokolola, mbalame zachikondi zimakonda kupita kumalo olima kukadya mapira ndi chimanga. Mbalame zimafuna madzi tsiku lililonse. Pazizindikiro zotentha kwambiri, zimatha kupezeka pafupi ndi dziwe kapena malo aliwonse amadzi komwe mbalame zimatha kulandira madzi kangapo patsiku.
Mukapolo, chakudya choyenera cha chikondi chobiriwira ndi kusakaniza kwatsopano (ndi zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zouma) zabwino kwambiri, kuphatikiza njere zosiyanasiyana, mbewu ndi mtedza. Zoyenera, zosakaniza zoyambira ziyenera kukhala ndi kuphatikiza 30% yazinthu zilizonse za bio / organic (zokhala ndi utoto ndi zonunkhira komanso zopanda mankhwala) komanso / kapena zikhalidwe zilizonse zachilengedwe (za utoto, zolocha ndi zam'chitini).
Zinthu zazikuluzikulu za osakaniza oyambira ziyenera kukhala:
Kuwerengera kwa granules kuzinthu zatsopano kuyenera kuyendetsedwa molingana ndi kapangidwe ka gule, zomwe zimaphatikizapo mitundu ya amaranth, barele, bincous, fulakesi, oats, mpunga (basmati, mpunga wa bulauni, mpunga wa jasmine), tirigu, chimanga. Maluwa okongola a charnation, chives, dandelion, maluwa a mitengo yazipatso, hibiscus, honeysuckle, lilac, pansies, mpendadzuwa, tulips, buluzi, violets.
Zipatso ndi mbewu zawo: mitundu yonse ya maapulo, nthochi, zipatso zamitundu mitundu, zipatso zamitundu yonse ya zipatso, kiwi, mango, vwende, mphesa, nectarine, papaya, pichesi, peyala, maula. Masamba ndilabwino paubweya wa lovebirds, kuphatikizapo zukini, nthoti zokazinga, beets, broccoli, kaloti, nkhaka, mitundu yonse ya ma kabichi, nyemba, nandolo, zipatso za pepala, mitundu yonse ya maungu, mbatata, zoumba, zouchini .
Tsopano mukudziwa momwe mungasungire zovala zachikondi kunyumba. Tiwone momwe amakhala kuthengo.
Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo
Chithunzi: Awiriwa ma parrots
Zovala zachikondi zimathawa mwachangu komanso mwachangu, ndipo mawu akumapiko awo amamveka akathawa. Amagwira ntchito kwambiri ndipo amakonda kukhala m'matumba. Usiku, zovala zachikondi zimayikidwa pamitengo, zikakhala panthambi kapena kumamatira timitengo yaying'ono. Nthawi zina mikangano imabuka ndi nkhosa zina zomwe zimayesa kutenga malo awo mumitengo.
Amakonda kuweta ngati ziweto. Mbalame zimawonedwa ngati zosangalatsa komanso zachikondi. Amakonda kucheza ndi eni ake ndipo amafuna kuti azichita zinthu pafupipafupi. Monga mbalame zambiri za mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe, mbalame zachikondi komanso zanzeru. Ali mu ukapolo, amakonda kufufuza nyumba ndipo, monga mukudziwa, amapeza njira zothawirana ndi maselo awo.
Mbalamezi zimakhala ndi mulomo wolimba ndipo zimatha kutafuna "tsitsi" ndi zovala za eni, komanso mabatani am'meza, mawotchi ndi zodzikongoletsera. Ziromboti, makamaka zachikazi, zimatha kutafuna pepala ndikuluka mchira wawo kuti zipange zisa. Zachikazi zimaganiziridwa kuti ndizowopsa kuposa zazimuna.
Chowoneka Chosangalatsa: Aubambo achikondi satha kulankhula, ngakhale pali zochitika zina zazimayi zomwe zimatha kuphunzira mawu ochepa. Ili ndi phula yaying'ono yomwe "liwu lake" limakhala lalitali komanso limatulutsa mawu, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kumvetsetsa zomwe amalankhula.
Izi ndi mbalame zaphokoso kwambiri zotulutsa mawu kwambiri zomwe zingachititse zovuta kwa anansi. Amapanga phokoso tsiku lonse, koma makamaka nthawi zina za tsiku. Komabe, mawonekedwe a Fischer siwokwera kwambiri monga mitundu ina ya mbalame zachikondi, ndipo ngakhale amangokhalira kufuula, sikulankhula mokweza ngati mbalame zazikulu. Mlingo wawo wamaphokoso umachulukirachulukira akakhala nawo pamasewera oponderezana.
Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: mbalame mbalame za mbalame za mbalame za mbalame
Mabanja achikondi amapanga awiriawiri moyo wonse. Mawu akuti lovebird anachokera kumagulu oyandikana awa. Amakonda kukhudzana ndi thupi momwe angathere. Amakumbatirana modekha ndikuluma milomo yawo. Kuchita izi kuli ngati kupsopsona.
Chosangalatsa: M'malo achikondi, sizingatheke kudziwa ngati munthu wamkazi kapena wamwamuna. Amuna ndi akazi onse a Agapornis amawoneka ofanana ndipo amasiyanitsidwa molimba mtima ndi kusanthula kwa DNA ndi machitidwe awo okhala pansi. Monga lamulo, zazikazi zimakhala ndi miyendo yawo motalikirana kuposa amuna, chifukwa pelvis yaikazi ndi yotakata.
Zabwino m'maenje, ndikupanga zofunda. Akazi nthawi zambiri samanga zisa. Zinthuzo ndi nthambi, zidutswa za khungwa, tsamba la udzu. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazinthu zimanyamulidwa mosiyanasiyana: zina mumilomo, ina mwa kuyiyika ndi nthenga za mchira, kapena kuwombera mbali zina za thupi. Achangu akangoyamba kupanga chisa chawo, kukhwima kumayamba. Akazi amayikira mazira mu masiku 3-5. Mazira asanaoneke, yaikazi imakhala pachisa chake ndikukhalamo kwa maola angapo. Zimachitika kuti ngakhale popanda chisa kapena champhongo, mbalame zachikondi zimatulutsa mazira.
Dzira loyamba likayikidwa, dzira latsopano limatsata tsiku lina lililonse mpaka kukhazikitsa kumalizidwa. Nthawi zambiri mu clutch 4 mpaka 8 mazira amawonedwa. Mkazi amakhala akuchita makulitsidwe. Pakatha milungu itatu, anapiyewo amabisala, ndipo kuuluka chisa kumachitika patsiku la 42-56, komabe, makolo akupitiliza kusamalira ana awo.
Adani achilengedwe a mbalame zokonda kwambiri
Chithunzi: Zithunzi zachikondi
Zovala zachikondi zimatha kuthana ndi zilombo zolusa poyenda, kutanthauza kuti, zikafika kwa adani, zimagwiritsa ntchito njira yodzikakamiza. Poyamba, mbalame zimayimirira molunjika ndikufuula mokweza. Ngati chilombocho chikuyandikira, amayamba kukupiza mapiko awo, kutukula matupi awo, ndipo pang'onopang'ono amalira kulira, mpaka kumalephera. Zikondwerero za Loveb zimayamba kupita kwa wowukira, nkumawonjezera kuukira.
Ngati mdaniyo sabwerera ndipo akupitiliza kufunafuna, mbalamezo zimawukira m'magulu akulu. Wodziwika bwino kwambiri ndi izi: falcon yaku Mediterranean (F. biarmicus) ndi mbalame zina zazikulu zomwe zimakhala zofanana. Zidole zachikondi nthawi zambiri zimabera nyani ndi njoka. Amatenga mazira onse ndi anapiye ang'onoang'ono. Khalidwe lodzitchinjiriza limagwira ntchito bwino, koma osati ming'alu ya kanjedza ya G. angolensis.
Chifukwa cha chilengedwe komanso malo amtchire, mbalame za chikondi ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa polumikizana ndi mitundu ina ndi mtundu (akhale amphaka, agalu, nyama zazing'ono kapena mbalame zamtundu wina). Mbalame zimatha kukhala zankhanza kwa mbalame zina. Zovala zamtundu wamtundu wina zimatha kukhala limodzi ndi kubereka ana osabala komanso okhazikika. Ana awa ali ndi chikhalidwe cha makolo onse awiri. Pachifukwa ichi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mbalame za mtundu womwewo kapena zogonana ziziyikidwa limodzi.
Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu
Chithunzi: Zachikondi
Kukula kwa mitundu yapadziko lonse lapansi kwamtundu wa achikondi sikunathe, koma akuti mitundu ina inagawidwa komweko ndipo yambiri. Anthu amakhala okhazikika kwambiri osati umboni wotsika kapena kuwopsa kulikonse. Komabe, kuyambira m'ma 1970. panali kuchepa kwakukulu kwa chiwerengero cha mbalame za chikondi cha Fisher, makamaka chifukwa chogulitsa kwambiri mbalame zamtchire. Kuphatikiza apo, mkhalidwe wamtunduwu umakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi hybridization.
Zachikondi osati pangozi. Anthu ake onse ndi okhazikika. Kuchulukana kwa maluwa okongola a pinki kumachepera m'malo ena. Komabe, chiwerengerochi chikuchulukirachulukira kumadera ena chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa magwero am'madzi komanso kupanga malo opanga zinthu zatsopano zomwe zimapereka malo atsopano okhala chifukwa chake nyamazo zimatchulidwa kuti zikuyambitsa nkhawa yayikulu ku International Union for Conservation of Natural. Maonekedwe a kolala molingana ndi IUCN amalembedwa kuti "osowopsa". Pomwe makonda achikondi a Liliana amawopsezedwa kuti atha chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa malo.
Ufulu wa Parrot
Parrot wa Lovebird amafunika chisamaliro chapadera kunyumba. Kuyenda moyenera kumakhudza kusuntha komanso chitukuko chonse. Chipinda chomwe parrot imawulukira iyenera kukhala yotetezeka.Muyenera kuchotsa magawo ang'onoang'ono, zinthu zapoizoni, maluwa oopsa m'nyumba ndi mawaya amagetsi. Osasiya zitseko ndi mazenera otseguka.
Kuti mugwire mwachangu maubwenzi achikondi ndikuwabwezera ku nguluwe, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito malangizowa:
- kutulutsa chiweto kuli bwino madzulo,
- osatseka chitseko cha khola,
- Maola 2 musanapereke chakudya,
- kutsanulira mbewu ndi mbewu mpaka pansi pa cell.
Zoyambitsa kufa
Pafupifupi, mbalame zimakhala zaka 15. Chiyembekezo cha moyo wamunthu chimadalira momwe angasungire komanso kusamalira zovala zachikondi. Nthawi zambiri obweretsa imfa amakhala eni ake.
Zomwe zimayambitsa imfa:
- kugwa,
- Kusokoneza dzira mwa mkazi,
- mtima kumangidwa pambuyo mantha,
- kumwa zakudya zoletsedwa
- ngati chiweto chibwerera kuthengo (sichingafanane ndi moyo wodziyimira mumsewu),
- kuledzera ndi zakudya zoipitsidwa, madzi akuda kapena mankhwala oyipa.
- mbalame zachikondi zimatha kudya kapena kulimitsa ziweto,
- matenda a chikondi chamtundu wa chikondi (mavuto ndi endocrine ndi mtima dongosolo, kupezeka kwa tiziromboti mthupi).